King Arthur in Legend and History
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Queen Guinevere
Ingvarsdóttir 1 Hugvísindasvið Queen Guinevere: A queen through time B.A. Thesis Marie Helga Ingvarsdóttir June 2011 Ingvarsdóttir 2 Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Enskudeild Queen Guinevere: A queen through time B.A. Thesis Marie Helga Ingvarsdóttir Kt.: 060389-3309 Supervisor: Ingibjörg Ágústsdóttir June 2011 Ingvarsdóttir 3 Abstract This essay is an attempt to recollect and analyze the character of Queen Guinevere in Arthurian literature and movies through time. The sources involved here are Welsh and other Celtic tradition, Latin texts, French romances and other works from the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, Malory’s and Tennyson’s representation of the Queen, and finally Guinevere in the twentieth century in Bradley’s and Miles’s novels as well as in movies. The main sources in the first three chapters are of European origins; however, there is a focus on French and British works. There is a lack of study of German sources, which could bring different insights into the character of Guinevere. The purpose of this essay is to analyze the evolution of Queen Guinevere and to point out that through the works of Malory and Tennyson, she has been misrepresented and there is more to her than her adulterous relation with Lancelot. This essay is exclusively focused on Queen Guinevere and her analysis involves other characters like Arthur, Lancelot, Merlin, Enide, and more. First the Queen is only represented as Arthur’s unfaithful wife, and her abduction is narrated. We have here the basis of her character. Chrétien de Troyes develops this basic character into a woman of important values about love and chivalry. -
Сest Romanz Fist Crestïens Chrétien De Troyes and the Birth of the French Novel
Natalia M. Dolgorukova СEST ROMANZ FIST CRESTÏENS CHRÉTIEN DE TROYES AND THE BIRTH OF THE FRENCH NOVEL BASIC RESEARCH PROGRAM WORKING PAPERS SERIES: LITERARY STUDIES WP BRP 24/LS/2017 This Working Paper is an output of a research project implemented at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE). Any opinions or claims contained in this Working Paper do not necessarily reflect the views of HSE Natalia M. Dolgorukova1 СEST ROMANZ FIST CRESTÏENS CHRÉTIEN DE TROYES AND THE BIRTH OF THE FRENCH NOVEL2 The paper addresses three controversial issues in two romances by Chrétien de Troyes - Yvain, or the Knight with the Lion and Lancelot, or the Knight of the Cart. Both romances were written around 1176-1180 and because of their narrative continuity and complementarity could be considered as a diptych. First, we examine the evolution of Chretien’s conception of love, “mysteriously” changing from his first romances to Lancelot; then we enter into the debate between celtisants and their critics about the Celtic influence in Chretien and consider Celtic sources of the two romances; we conclude the article, tracing out the fairy tale paradigm in both romances, which helps us reveal new meanings of the cart and the lion, operating as magic agents in the romances. Keywords: Chrétien de Troyes, “Yvain, or the Knight with the Lion”, “Lancelot, or the Knight of the Cart”, fin’amors, Breton Cycle, Celtic material, troubadours, trouvères, V. Propp, Mabinogion, parody Jel: Z 1 National Research University Higher School of Economics. Faculty of Humanities, School of Philology. Senior Lecturer. E-mail: [email protected]. -
550 to 559 How Maelgwn Became King After the Taking of the Crown
550 to 559 How Maelgwn Became King After the taking of the crown and sceptre of London from the nation of the Cymry, and their expulsion from Lloegyr, they instituted an enquiry to see who of them should be supreme king. The place they appointed was on the Maelgwn sand at Aber Dyvi; and thereto came the men of Gwynedd, the men of Powys, the men of South Wales, of Reinwg of Morganwg, and of d Seisyllwg. And there Maeldav the elder, the son of Ynhwch Unachen, chief of Moel Esgidion in Meirionydd, placed a chair composed of waxed wings under Maelgwn; so when the tide flowed, no one was able to remain, excepting Maelgwn, because of his chair. And by that means Maelgwn became supreme king, with Aberfraw for his principal court; and the earl of Mathraval, and the earl of Dinevwr, and the earl of Caerllion subject to him; and his word paramount over all; and his law paramount, and he not bound to observe their law. And it was on account of Maeldav the elder, that Penardd acquired its privilege, and to be the eldest chansellor-ship. Caradoc of Llancarfan. The Life of St Gildas Crossing the Channel, he spent seven years most successfully in further studies in Gaul. At the end of the seventh year he returned to Great Britain with a great mass of books of all kinds. As the reputation of this highly distinguished stranger spread, scholars poured in to him from all sides. From him they heard the science of the Seven Disciplines most subtly explained, by which doctrine students change into teachers, under the teacher's honour. -
Shadows Over Camelot Rules Summary V2
SUPPORT THE EOG BY BECOMING AN OFFICIAL MEMBER SIGN UP AT ORDEROFGAMERS.COM The Esoteric Order of Gamers orderofgamers.com High quality materials for the dedicated devotee of immersive, thematic tabletop games. Game rules summaries, foamcore box plans, articles, interviews, reviews, videos, tutorials, forums – and lots more. @EOGamers gplus.to/EOGamers facebook.com/EOGamers EsotericOrderGamers instagram.com/orderofgamers v2 May 2011 Game: SHADOWS OVER CAMELOT Publisher: Days of Wonder (2005) Page 1: Rules summary Page 1: Rules summary Merlin’s Company Print on card (ensure you are printing at 100% scale) laminate and trim to size. These sheets are intended only for the personal use of existing owners of the game for additional reference. Universal Head makes no claim whatsoever to the rights of the publisher and copyright holder, and does not benefit financially from these player aids. Artwork from the original game is copyrighted by the publisher and used without permission. This PDF may not be re-posted online, sold or used in any way except for personal use. Setup Progression of Evil Quests Set up the boards (for the Lancelot and Dragon Draw a Black Card You must play specific combinations of cards to win board, Lancelot’s side is faceup) and place the Relic Draw the top card, read it aloud and apply its effect. Combat Quests. If a Solo Quest is abandoned all miniatures on their respective boards. White cards played so far are discarded. A Special Black card can be cancelled if you and/ Each player randomly takes a Coat of Arms and or your fellow Knights collectively play 3 Merlin cards. -
Orixes Da Materia De Bretaña
Santiago Gutiérrez García Orixes da Materia de Bretaña A Historia Regum Britanniae e o pensamento europeo do século XII Centro Ramón Piñeiro para a Investigación en Humanidades Santiago de Compostela 2002 Edita Xunta de Galicia Consellería de Educación e Ordenación Universitaria Dirección Xeral de Política Lingüística Centro Ramón Piñeiro para a Investigación en Humanidades Conselleiro de Educación e Ordenación Universitaria Celso Currás Fernández Director Xeral de Política Lingüística Xesús P. González Moreiras Coordinador Científico Constantino García Direcctor Técnico de Literatura Anxo Tarrío Varela ISBN: 84-453-3319-4 D.L.: C-727-2002 Realización Grafinova S.A. Cuberta Beato de Liébano, Comentario da Apocalipse. Manuscrito F 117/2E, f.117v. Catedral de Burgo de Osma e San Xerome escribindo rodeado dos monxes. Primeira metade do século XVI. Museo Lázaro Galdeano. Madrid. ÍNDICE PRESENTACIÓN ........................................................................................ 5 INTRODUCCIÓN ...................................................................................... 7 CAPÍTULO I Da chegada normanda á monarquía anxevina ........................................ 17 A resistencia celta fronte a saxóns e normandos .................................... 22 A formación da Inglaterra anglonormanda ............................................ 27 A propaganda anxevina e o retorno de Artur .......................................... 34 Historia e historiografía no século XII inglés: celtas, saxóns e normandos ............................................................................... -
In England, Scotland, and Wales: Texts, Purpose, Context, 1138-1530
Victoria Shirley The Galfridian Tradition(s) in England, Scotland, and Wales: Texts, Purpose, Context, 1138-1530 A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English Literature Cardiff University 2017 i Abstract This thesis examines the responses to and rewritings of the Historia regum Britanniae in England, Scotland, and Wales between 1138 and 1530, and argues that the continued production of the text was directly related to the erasure of its author, Geoffrey of Monmouth. In contrast to earlier studies, which focus on single national or linguistic traditions, this thesis analyses different translations and adaptations of the Historia in a comparative methodology that demonstrates the connections, contrasts and continuities between the various national traditions. Chapter One assesses Geoffrey’s reputation and the critical reception of the Historia between the twelfth and sixteenth centuries, arguing that the text came to be regarded as an authoritative account of British history at the same time as its author’s credibility was challenged. Chapter Two analyses how Geoffrey’s genealogical model of British history came to be rewritten as it was resituated within different narratives of English, Scottish, and Welsh history. Chapter Three demonstrates how the Historia’s description of the island Britain was adapted by later writers to construct geographical landscapes that emphasised the disunity of the island and subverted Geoffrey’s vision of insular unity. Chapter Four identifies how the letters between Britain and Rome in the Historia use argumentative rhetoric, myths of descent, and the discourse of freedom to establish the importance of political, national, or geographical independence. Chapter Five analyses how the relationships between the Arthur and his immediate kin group were used to challenge Geoffrey’s narrative of British history and emphasise problems of legitimacy, inheritance, and succession. -
Overall Board
CIVIL CSSURVEY CCONSULTANTS, INC MERIDIAN, IDAHO Committed to Service W USTICK RD W USTICK RD North W KING ARTHUR DR N TUDOR DR W SUSSEX DR W TUDOR DR ST N FIVE MILE RD MILE FIVE N W GUINEVERE DR W SUSSEX DR N CONSTANTINE ST W RACE ST W LANCELOT AVE CITY OF BOISE W WOODCHUCK PROPOSED PARK SITE N MORROW AVE N BURTON ST N FAYETTE AVE W GALLAHAD AVE W SAGRAMORE AVE W MONTANA AVE W WOODLAND LN ST N CARADOC ST N GAWAINE ST N HAMPTON ST W EXCALIBUR ST W EXCALIBUR AVE W CANTERBURY DR NOT TO SCALE N CITRUS PL W EXCALIBUR ST W ARDYCE ST ST N FAYETTE PL W ARDYCE CT W ARDYCE ST W DE WITT LN W ARDYCE ST W ARDYCE ST N MORROW PL W MACAW LN AVE SHEET 3 N CITRUS LN W MACAW CT N MITCHELL N WILDWOOD W LONE WOLF LN LN N ARGENTINA LN N PILGRIM LN W ABRAM DR W ABRAM LN N DENNIS PL Canal N SIESTA LN N ASTER N SHEET 2 W GRANGER AVE W PALM DR W PALM ST (PRIVATE) ASTOR LN N DUSTY LN N W PALM LN N CARISSA W JAVA DR AVE W JAVA CT N MORROW AVE N BALI DR N CITRUS DR W CORY ST W TAHITI CT W TAHITI ST N ARMSTORNG W CORY ST N HAMTON W SOUTHWIND W GLEN ELLYN DR N PILGRIM PL W GLEN ELLYN ST W GLEN ELLYN CT W GLEN ELLYN ST W GLEN ELLYN CT W GLEN ELLYN CT W GLEN ELLYN ST N BALI AVE CITRUS AVE W POPPY ST W POPPY ST N SIESTA WY N CARISSA PL W POPPY ST N FAYETTE PL W POPPY ST W POPPY ST N SUNRISE AVE W MARLINWOOD ST N DOVE AVE W MARLINWOOD DR N PILGRIM PL W SUNFLOWER LN W CHARITAN DR N CONSTANTINE AVE N ASTER AVE W BLUECANYON ST SHEET 2 W MARLINWOOD DR W LUPINE ST N SPRINGLAND PL ST W LUPINE ST Settlers W LUPINE AVE W CHARITAN ST SHEET 1 W CHARITAN ST N FARWELL AVE DR W LANDMARK DR W LANDMARK DR N SIESTA AVE N DOVE AVE N MITCHELL ST W CHARITAN DR W LANDMARK ST W LANDMARK ST W BUMBLEBEE DR N CITRUS W BUMBLEBEE DR RD N MUMBARTO W OLYMPUS ST W TIDEWATER CT ST W HOLT ST Milk W TIDEWATER CT W HALSTEAD LN W HALSTEAD DR N HAMPTON N PILGRIM AVE N CARISSA AVE N FARWELL LN W HALSTEAD CT Lateral N ANCESTOR AVE W ESHELMAN ST W ESHELMAN ST N WILDWOOD W GARVERDALE CT W GARVERDALE LN N FIVE MILE RD W FAIRVIEW AVENUE W FAIRVIEW AVENUE. -
Welsh Contacts with the Papacy Before the Edwardian Conquest, C. 1283
WELSH CONTACTS WITH THE PAPACY BEFORE THE EDWARDIAN CONQUEST, C. 1283 Bryn Jones A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 2019 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18284 This item is protected by original copyright Welsh contacts with the Papacy before the Edwardian Conquest, c. 1283 Bryn Jones This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) at the University of St Andrews June 2019 Candidate's declaration I, Bryn Jones, do hereby certify that this thesis, submitted for the degree of PhD, which is approximately 80,000 words in length, has been written by me, and that it is the record of work carried out by me, or principally by myself in collaboration with others as acknowledged, and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for any degree. I was admitted as a research student at the University of St Andrews in September 2009. I received funding from an organisation or institution and have acknowledged the funder(s) in the full text of my thesis. Date Signature of candidate Supervisor's declaration I hereby certify that the candidate has fulfilled the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations appropriate for the degree of PhD in the University of St Andrews and that the candidate is qualified to submit this thesis in application for that degree. -
Then Arthur Fought the MATTER of BRITAIN 378 – 634 A.D
Then Arthur Fought THE MATTER OF BRITAIN 378 – 634 A.D. Howard M. Wiseman Then Arthur Fought is a possible history centred on a possi- bly historical figure: Arthur, battle-leader of the dark-age (5th- 6th century) Britons against the invading Anglo-Saxons. Writ- ten in the style of a medieval chronicle, its events span more than 250 years, and most of Western Europe, all the while re- specting known history. Drawing upon hundreds of ancient and medieval texts, Howard Wiseman mixes in his own inventions to forge a unique conception of Arthur and his times. Care- fully annotated, Then Arthur Fought will appeal to anyone in- terested in dark-age history and legends, or in new frameworks for Arthurian fiction. Its 430 pages include Dramatis Personae, genealogies, notes, bibliography, and 20 maps. —— Then Arthur Fought is an extraordinary achievement. ... An absorbing introduction to the history and legends of the period [and] ... a fascinating synthesis. — from the Foreword by Patrick McCormack, author of the Albion trilogy. —— A long and lavishly detailed fictional fantasia on the kind of primary source we will never have for the Age of Arthur. ... soaringly intelligent and, most unlikely of all, hugely entertaining. It is a stunning achievement, enthusiastically recommended. — Editor’s Choice review by Steve Donoghue, Indie Reviews Editor, Historical Novel Society. Contents List of Figures x Foreword, by Patrick McCormack xi Preface, by the author xv Introduction: history, literature, and this book xix Dramatis Personae xxxi Genealogies xxxix -
MARK TWAIN's Connecticut Yankee, Finding Himself Suddenly
PROLOGUE ddd ARK TWAIN’S Connecticut Yankee, finding himself suddenly M transported across centuries into the strange world of Camelot, man- ages, despite the shock of time travel, to preserve his acute sense of observa- tion. From the start he views the Arthurian court ambivalently, feeling horror at its failure to anticipate the democratic and technological glories of his own nineteenth century, mixed with a somewhat reluctant dash of romantic admi- ration for its very otherness, exhibited with such vigour and colour, especially in the quaint richness of its verbal expression. If the Yankee thus drops substantial weights onto the pans swinging on each side of the scales of judgement, the balance arm tips heavily toward the nega- tive. His early conclusion is that Camelot must be an insane asylum, its denizens virtual savages who can be dismissed as ‘white Indians’. Listening to the talk in court for the first time, he reports: As a rule the speech and behavior of these people were gracious and courtly; and I noticed that they were good and serious listeners when anybody was telling anything— I mean in a dogfightless interval. And plainly, too, they were a childlike and innocent lot; telling lies of the stateliest pattern with a most gentle and winning naivety, and ready and willing to listen to anybody else’s lie, and believe it, too. It was hard to asso- ciate them with anything cruel or dreadful; and yet they dealt in tales of blood and suf- fering with a guileless relish that made me almost forget to shudder.1 This passage, of course, shows us much that we try to avoid as historians. -
Early Arthurian Tradition and the Origins of the Legend
Arthuriana Arthuriana Early Arthurian Tradition and the Origins of the Legend Thomas Green THE LINDES PRESS As with everything, so with this: For Frances and Evie. First published 2009 The Lindes Press Louth, Lincolnshire www.arthuriana.co.uk © Thomas Green, 2009 The right of Thomas Green to be identified as the Author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyrights, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without the permission in writing of the Author. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978 1 4452 2110 6 Contents Preface vii 1 The Historicity and Historicisation of Arthur 1 2 A Bibliographic Guide to the Welsh Arthurian Literature 47 3 A Gazetteer of Arthurian Onomastic and Topographic Folklore 89 4 Lincolnshire and the Arthurian Legend 117 5 Arthur and Jack the Giant-Killer 141 a. Jack & Arthur: An Introduction to Jack the Giant-Killer 143 b. The History of Jack and the Giants (1787) 148 c. The 1711 Text of The History of Jack and the Giants 166 d. Jack the Giant Killer: a c. 1820 Penny Book 177 e. Some Arthurian Giant-Killings 183 6 Miscellaneous Arthuriana 191 a. An Arthurian FAQ: Some Frequently Asked Questions 193 b. The Monstrous Regiment of Arthurs: A Critical Guide 199 c. An Arthurian Reference in Marwnad Gwên? The Manuscript 217 Evidence Examined d. -
Masarykova Univerzita Portrayal of Women in Arthurian Legends
Masarykova univerzita Pedagogická fakulta Katedra anglického jazyka a literatury Portrayal of women in Arthurian legends Bachelor thesis Brno, 2012 Supervisor: Author: Mgr. Jarolslav Izavčuk Petr Crhonek 1 Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem závěrečnou bakalářskou vypracoval samostatně, s využitím pouze citovaných literárních pramenů, dalších informací a zdrojů v souladu s disciplinárním řádem pro studenty Pedagogické fakulty Masarykovy univerzity a se zákonem č. 121/2000 Sb., o právu autorském, o právech souvisejících s právem autorským a o změně některých zákonů (autorský zákon), ve znění pozdějších předpisů. Souhlasím, aby tato práce byla použitá jako zdroj studijních materiálů. Blansko, 23.září 2012 Petr Crhonek ……………………………………… 2 Annotation This bachelor thesis is aimed at women characters that can be met when reading Sir Thomas Malory’s L’Morte d’Arthur and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight from an unknown author. The thesis is to describe the characters, analyse them and compare to real women that were important throughout the history. In the end of this thesis there are interviews that were carried out by the author during his stay in England in the town of Barnstaple, Devon and pictures taken by the author that are to show some famous and interesting places connected to the legends of King Arthur. Key words King Arthur, women in Arthurian legends, Different roles of women, social status of women, women’s activities, crisis of masculinity, women as warriors, women as ladies-in-waiting, Morte d’Arthur, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. 3 Acknowledgement I would like to thank to Mgr. Jaroslav Izavčuk for supervising this thesis and his useful guidance.