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IN IRAN Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green Fulfillment
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF BROADCASTING IN IRAN Bigan Kimiachi A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY June 1978 © 1978 BI GAN KIMIACHI ALL RIGHTS RESERVED n iii ABSTRACT Geophysical and geopolitical pecularities of Iran have made it a land of international importance throughout recorded history, especially since its emergence in the twentieth century as a dominant power among the newly affluent oil-producing nations of the Middle East. Nearly one-fifth the size of the United States, with similar extremes of geography and climate, and a population approaching 35 million, Iran has been ruled since 1941 by His Majesty Shahanshah Aryamehr. While he has sought to restore and preserve the cultural heritage of ancient and Islamic Persia, he has also promoted the rapid westernization and modernization of Iran, including the establishment of a radio and television broadcasting system second only to that of Japan among the nations of Asia, a fact which is little known to Europeans or Americans. The purpose of this study was to amass and present a comprehensive body of knowledge concerning the development of broadcasting in Iran, as well as a review of current operations and plans for future development. A short survey of the political and spiritual history of pre-Islamic and Islamic Persia and a general survey of mass communication in Persia and Iran, especially from the Il iv advent of the telegraph is presented, so that the development of broadcasting might be seen in proper perspective and be more fully appreciated. -
See the Document
IN THE NAME OF GOD IRAN NAMA RAILWAY TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN List of Content Preamble ....................................................................... 6 History ............................................................................. 7 Tehran Station ................................................................ 8 Tehran - Mashhad Route .............................................. 12 IRAN NRAILWAYAMA TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN Tehran - Jolfa Route ..................................................... 32 Collection and Edition: Public Relations (RAI) Tourism Content Collection: Abdollah Abbaszadeh Design and Graphics: Reza Hozzar Moghaddam Photos: Siamak Iman Pour, Benyamin Tehran - Bandarabbas Route 48 Khodadadi, Hatef Homaei, Saeed Mahmoodi Aznaveh, javad Najaf ...................................... Alizadeh, Caspian Makak, Ocean Zakarian, Davood Vakilzadeh, Arash Simaei, Abbas Jafari, Mohammadreza Baharnaz, Homayoun Amir yeganeh, Kianush Jafari Producer: Public Relations (RAI) Tehran - Goragn Route 64 Translation: Seyed Ebrahim Fazli Zenooz - ................................................ International Affairs Bureau (RAI) Address: Public Relations, Central Building of Railways, Africa Blvd., Argentina Sq., Tehran- Iran. www.rai.ir Tehran - Shiraz Route................................................... 80 First Edition January 2016 All rights reserved. Tehran - Khorramshahr Route .................................... 96 Tehran - Kerman Route .............................................114 Islamic Republic of Iran The Railways -
Spatial Analysis of Seasonal Precipitation Over Iran: Co-Variation with Climate Indices
Article Spatial Analysis of Seasonal Precipitation over Iran: Co-Variation with Climate Indices Majid Dehghani 1, Somayeh Salehi 2, Amir Mosavi 3,4,5, Narjes Nabipour 6,*, Shahaboddin Shamshirband7,8,* and Pedram Ghamisi 9 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Technical and Engineering Faculty, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, P.O. Box 518, Rafsanjan, Iran; [email protected] 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Technical and Engineering Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; somayehsalehi @eng.uk.ac.ir 3 School of the Built Environment, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; [email protected] 4 Department of Mathematics and Informatics, J. Selye University, 94501 Komarno, Slovakia 5 Institute of Structural Mechanics, Bauhaus University Weimar, D-99423 Weimar, Germany 6 Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam 7 Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 8 Faculty of Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 9 Exploration Division, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, D-09599 Freiberg, Germany; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (N.N.); [email protected] (S.S.) Received: 3 December 2019; Accepted: 19 January 2020; Published: 24 January 2020 Abstract: Temporary changes in precipitation may lead to sustained and severe drought or massive floods in different parts of the world. Knowing the variation in precipitation can effectively help the water resources decision-makers in water resources management. Large-scale circulation drivers have a considerable impact on precipitation in different parts of the world. -
An Applied SWOT Model for Analyzing Role-Taking of Converted Villages to Towns in Urban Network Behzad ENTEZARI1, Mostafa TALESHI2, Mahdi MUSAKAZEMI3 1 Ph.D
Special Issue INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND February 2016 CULTURAL STUDIES ISSN 2356-5926 An Applied SWOT Model for Analyzing Role-Taking of Converted Villages to Towns in Urban Network Behzad ENTEZARI1, Mostafa TALESHI2, Mahdi MUSAKAZEMI3 1 Ph.D. Student in Geography and Rural Planning, PNU. Tehran (Responsible Author) 1 Associated Prof. of Geography, PNU, Tehran 1 Associated Prof. of Geography, PNU, Tehran (The case of 12 villages in East Azerbaijan/Iran – 2001-2011) Abstract One of the most important features of urbanization in IRAN, like other third world countries, has been converting rural points to new city centers. These effects impact on the number of cities and urban networks of the different regions. So it is necessary to provide new development plans for these new rurban settlements. However, as the usual, after converting them to cities, especially in macro regional plans, they are placed in the same group as service points for their rural jurisdictions. As a result, there is a need to introduce some methods and models for separating these small settlements to be able to offer different strategies for their development and role- taking in the region’s urban network. For this purpose, using SWOT analysis, a research has been done in 12 converted former villages to city centers during 2001-2011 in East Azerbaijan, Iran. The results show that with regard to structural-functional features of each settlement, it would be possible to place them in different groups and offer different strategies for each group. The model can be easily applied to small towns and rural centers almost in all and especially in the third world countries. -
Article Raphignathoid Mite Fauna of Fields and Orchards of Marand
Persian Journal of Acarology, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 57−76 Article Raphignathoid mite fauna of fields and orchards of Marand (Northwestern Iran) with two new records from Iran and six new records for East Azerbaijan province Reza Navaei-Bonab1, Mohammad Bagheri2 & Elham Zarei2 1 Young Researchers Club, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, East Azerbaijan province, Iran; E-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran; [email protected] Key Words: Acari, new records, Iran, Raphignathoidea, Marand, fields and orchards Abstract A study of the raphignathoid mite fauna of fields and orchards in Marand, Northwestern Iran, revealed two new species for the mite fauna of Iran, namely: Eustigmaeus ioaniensis Kapaxidi & Papadoulis, 1999 and Agistemus industani Gonzalez-Roodrigez, 1965 and six species for mites new for the fauna of East Azerbaijan province and eight species new for the mite fauna of Marand. Stigmaeidae with 13 species and Barbutiidae and Camerobiidae with one species each had the highest and the lowest number of identified species, respectively. A key to the Iranian families and genera of Raphignathoidea are included. Introduction The Raphignathoidea Kramer, 1877 comprises a large cosmopolitan group of families, which are found in various ecosystems: foliage, branches, trunks, moss and lichen, litter, soil, animal nests, stored products, and even in house dust. The majority of the raphignathoid mites are free-living predators but a few are phytophagous, feeding on moss, and some species are parasites or symbionts of insects (Doğan, 2006). Amongst the predators, some are important biological control agents of spider mites, eriophyid mites, and scale insects in agriculture and forestry (Gerson & Smiley, 1990; Walter & Gerson, 1998; Fan & Zhang, 2005). -
The Effects of Water Table Decline on the Groundwater Quality in Marand Plain, Northwest Iran
Iranian Int. J. Sci. 6(1), 2005, p.47-60 The Effects of Water Table Decline on the Groundwater Quality in Marand Plain, Northwest Iran G.R. Lashkaripour1, A. Asghari-Moghaddam2, M. Allaf-Najib2 1 Department of Geology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran. 2 Department of Geology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. (received: 12/1/2005 ; accepted:11/3/2005) Abstract Marand plain, a part of the Caspian Sea catchment, stretching over an area of about 820 km2, in northwestern part of Iran is considered as a semi-arid zone. It has gained substantial importance because of agricultural prosperity and population density. Almost all water consumption needs are met from groundwater resources. In the last decades, rapid population growth coupled with agricultural expansion has significantly increased demand on groundwater resources. Large increases in water demand with little recharge have strained Marand groundwater resources resulting in declines in water levels and deterioration of groundwater quality in the major parts of the plain. It's worth mentioning that the paramount cause of sharp drop in the groundwater table in the recent years is conclusively attributed to pumping out of well water which confirmedly exceeds the level of the natural recharge. As a result, the average water level, for instance, has dropped from 1179.9 m to 1168.2 m during the years from 1982 to 2000. The prime objective of this research is to study and examine the groundwater decline and its effect on the quality of groundwater in the Marand aquifer for the said period. Keywords: aquifer, decline, groundwater, Iran, quality. -
Heteroptera) Fauna of Azerbaijan Province, Iran
Turk J Zool 33 (2009) 421-431 © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-0804-3 Notes on the true bug (Heteroptera) fauna of Azerbaijan province, Iran Mohammad Ali GHARAAT1,*, Mohammad HASSANZADEH1, Mohammad Hasan SAFARALIZADEH1, Majid FALLAHZADEH2 1Department of Entomology, Agricultural Faculty, Urmia University, Urmia - IRAN 2Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Branch, Jahrom - IRAN Received: 07.04.2008 Abstract: The Heteroptera fauna in east Azerbaijan and west Azerbaijan provinces in northwestern Iran was surveyed during 2005-2006. In all, 73 species from 18 families were collected and identified, of which 1 species, Mozena lunata (Burmeister, 1835) (Coreidae), is a new record for the Palearctic ecozone and 6 species are newly recorded from Iran. Key words: Fauna, Heteroptera, Iran, Palearctic ecozone Introduction present study were to provide detailed information on The Heteroptera are very important in agriculture the distribution of Heteroptera in east Azerbaijan and (Linnavuori and Hosseini, 2000). In this suborder west Azerbaijan provinces, and to contribute to the there are aquatic, semi-aquatic, and terrestrial species, knowledge of the Iranian Heteroptera fauna. some of which are important agricultural and silvicultural pests (Kerzhner and Yachevski, 1964). On Materials and methods the other hand, predacious bugs reduce the number The study was conducted during 2005-2006, and of agricultural pests and may be used for biological nymph and adult specimens in the regions were control (Linnavuori and Hosseini, 2000); therefore, collected from different locations using different identification of Heteroptera is important (Linnavuori methods (Figure, and Tables 1 and 2). Most of the and Hosseini, 2000). specimens were collected by sweep net, light trap, or The Iranian Heteroptera fauna is rather well rectangular frame tray net. -
Water and Electricity
IRAN STATISTICAL YEARBOOK 1391 8. WATER AND ELECTRICITY Introduction Aquatic year: see Chapter 1, Definitions and he statistics appeared in this chapter have concepts. been provided as register records by Water produced: the amount of water gained from the Ministry of Energy on two topics of various (surface and underground) water resources "water" and "electricity". such as wells, springs, subterranean canals, dams T and river basins. 1. Water Dam: a structure built against the flow of water to This section includes information on reserve water or change the direction of flow or "underground waters", "reservoir dams", and manage it for satisfying different needs such as "length of networks and number of water and drinking, industry, irrigation (agriculture), sewage extensions". The related statistics have electricity generation and control of flood. been added to the Statistical Yearbook of Iran Reservoir dam: a dam made for reserving, since the year 1346. managing or controlling the flow of water to Statistics on underground waters and reservoir reserve it for procuring water for irrigation, dams have been provided by Water Resources drinking, industry, electricity generation and Management Company and statistics on the length control of flood of networks and number of water and sewage Large reservoir dam: refers to all dams with a extensions has been obtained from the Water and height of 15 metres or more as well as 10 to 15 Sewage Engineering Company. metres high dams having a reservoir with a Central and Internal basin, Hamun basin, and volume of 1 million cubic metres or more and/or Sarakhs basin were renamed by Water Resources a capacity of flood discharge of 2000 or more Management Organization as Central Plateau, cubic metres per second. -
Copyright © 2004 by Scott Publishing Co. IONIAN ISLANDS — IRAN 888 IONIAN ISLANDS IRAN (Persia)
888 IONIAN ISLANDS — IRAN IONIAN ISLANDS Issue for Cephalonia and Ithaca 1943 Wmk. 140 Perf. 14 OCCUPATION POSTAGE DUE Stamps of Greece, 1937-38, N26 A94 25c deep green 22.50 45.00 STAMPS a. Carmine overprint 40.00 75.00 ¯i-¯o-n¯e-ən ¯i-lənds Overprinted in Pairs Vertically, N27 A95 50c purple 22.50 45.00 Reading Down, or Horizontally (H) in a. Carmine overprint 40.00 75.00 General Issue Black No. N19 with this overprint is a proof. Value, LOCATION — Seven Islands, of which black $40; carmine $85. Postage Due Stamps of Italy, 1934, six-Corfu, Paxos, Lefkas (Santa Nos. N26-N27 were in use 8 days, then Overprinted in Black Like Nos. N18- Maura), Cephalonia, Ithaca and were succeeded by stamps of Greece. N25 Zante-are in the Ionian Sea west of Forgeries of Nos. N26-N27, NC13 and their 1941 Wmk. 140 Perf. 14 Greece, and a seventh-Cerigo cancellations are plentiful. NJ1 D6 10c blue .60 .75 (Kithyra)-is in the Mediterranean NJ2 D6 20c rose red .60 .75 south of Greece Greek stamps with Italian overprints NJ3 D6 30c red orange .60 .75 for the islands of Cerigo (Kithyra), NJ4 D7 1 l red orange .60 .75 GOVT. — Integral part of Kingdom of Nos. NJ1-NJ4 (4) 2.40 3.00 Greece Paxos and Lefkas (Santa Maura) are AREA — 752 sq. miles fraudulent. See footnote after No. N25. POP. — 231,510 (1938) These islands were acquired by Great Britain in 1815 but in 1864 were OCCUPATION POSTAL TAX STAMPS 1 1 1 ceded to Greece on request of the Perf. -
ART. XXIV.—Description of Persia and Mesopotamia in the Year 1340 A.B
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY. ART. XXIV.—Description of Persia and Mesopotamia in the year 1340 A.B. from the Nuzhat-al-Kulub of Hamd-Allah Mu&tawfi, with a summary of the contents of that work. By Gr. LE STRANGE. {Continued from p. 536, July Number, 1902.) Chapter 17. Khurasan. Contents: Nishapur, 185m; Shadyakh, 185M; Isfarayin, 186y; Bayhak and Sabzivar, 186/; Biyar, 186»; Juwayn, I860; Jajarm, lS6r ; Khabushan, 186M; ShakkSn, 186w; Tus, 186a:; Kalat and Jirm, 187«; Marlnan, 187/; Herat, 187A; Asfuzar, 187s; Fushanj, 187t; Malan and Bakharz, 187«; Badghis, 187a; Jam, 188«; Chast, 188y; Khwaf, 188;'; Zawah, 188«; Ghur, Balkh, Tukharistan, Bamiyan, and Panjhlr, I880; Juzjan, 188£; Khutlan, 188M; Saminjan, 188MI; Tayikan, 188a;; Talikan, 189« ; Faryab and Kavadiyan, 1893 ; Kalif, 189^; Marv Shahijan, 189/; Shaburkan, 189^ and 1905; Ablvard, 189s; Khavaran, 189*!; Khavardan, 189M; Sarakhs, 189z; Marv-ar-Eud, 1903; Maraz, 190«; Kal'ah May, 190/ Khurasan in the middle ages was far more extensive than is the province of this name in modern Persia. Mediaeval Khurasan extended on the north-east to the Oxus, and included all the districts round Herat which now belong to Afghanistan. On the other hand, the small province of Kumis, on the northern boundary of the Great Desert, which at the present day is included within the limits of Persian Khurasan, was of old a separate district, and formed in the time of Mustawfi a province apart, Hamd-Allah divides Khurasan into four quarters (Rub') J.B.A.S. 1902. 47 Downloaded from https:/www.cambridge.org/core. University of Arizona, on 18 Jun 2017 at 14:22:21, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https:/www.cambridge.org/core/terms. -
Investigating the Effect of Managing Scenarios of Flow Reduction And
Civil & Environmental Engineering and Civil & Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Publications Construction Engineering 9-29-2020 Investigating the Effect of Managing Scenarios of Flow Reduction and Increasing Irrigation Water Demand on Water Resources Allocation Using System Dynamics (Case Study: Zonouz Dam, Iran) Mohammad Taghi Sattari University of Tabriz Rasoul Mirabbasi University of Shahrekord Hossein Dolati Islamic Azad University Followatemeh this Shak and additionaler Sureh works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/fac_articles Tabriz University Part of the Agriculture Commons Sajjad Ahmad University of Nevada, Las Vegas, [email protected] Repository Citation Sattari, M. T., Mirabbasi, R., Dolati, H., Shaker Sureh, F., Ahmad, S. (2020). Investigating the Effect of Managing Scenarios of Flow Reduction and Increasing Irrigation Water Demand on Water Resources Allocation Using System Dynamics (Case Study: Zonouz Dam, Iran). Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 17(3), 406-421. http://dx.doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.703167 This Article is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Article in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Article has been accepted for inclusion in Civil & Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. -
Water and Electricity
IRAN STATISTICAL YEARBOOK 1393 9. WATER AND ELECTRICITY Introduction Aquatic year: see Chapter 1, Definitions and he statistics appeared in this chapter have concepts. been provided as register records by the Water produced: the amount of water gained from Ministry of Energy on two topics of water" various (surface and underground) water resources T and "electricity". such as wells, springs, subterranean canals, dams and river basins. Water Dam: a structure built against the flow of water to This section includes information on reserve water or change the direction of flow or "underground waters", "reservoir dams", and manage it for satisfying different needs such as "length of networks and number of water and drinking, industry, irrigation (agriculture), sewage extensions". The related statistics have electricity generation and control of flood. been added to the Statistical Yearbook of Iran Reservoir dam: a dam made for reserving, since the year 1346. managing or controlling the flow of water to Statistics on underground waters and reservoir reserve it for procuring water for irrigation, dams have been provided by Water Resources drinking, industry, electricity generation and Management Company and statistics on the length control of flood of networks and number of water and sewage Large reservoir dam: refers to all dams with a extensions has been obtained from the Water and height of 15 metres or more as well as 10 to 15 Sewage Engineering Company. metres high dams having a reservoir with a It is notworthy that Central and Internal basin, volume of 1 million cubic metres or more and/or a Hamun basin, and Sarakhs basin were renamed by capacity of flood discharge of 2000 or more cubic Water Resources Management Organization as metres per second.