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361 Introduction He Statistics Appeared in This Chapter Have Been IRAN STATISTICAL YEARBOOK 1396 9. WATER AND ELECTRICITY Introduction he statistics appeared in this chapter have been electricity which are reflected in Chapter 10, Tprovided as register records by the Ministry of “Construction and Housing,” of the yearbook. Energy on two topics of "water" and "electricity". Definitions and concepts Water Water basin: see Chapter 1, Land and climate, This section includes information on "underground Definitions and concepts. waters", "reservoir dams", and "length of networks Aquatic year: see Chapter 1, Land and climate, and number of water and sewage extensions". The Definitions and concepts. related statistics have been added to the Statistical Water produced: the amount of water gained from Yearbook of Iran since the year 1346. various (surface and underground) water resources Statistics on underground waters and reservoir such as wells, springs, subterranean canals, dams dams have been provided by Water Resources and river basins. Management Company and statistics on the length Dam: a structure built against the flow of water to of networks and number of water and sewage reserve water or change the direction of flow or extensions has been obtained from the Water and manage it for satisfying different needs such as Sewage Engineering Company. drinking, industry, irrigation (agriculture), It is notworthy that Central and Internal basin, electricity generation and control of flood. Hamun basin, and Sarakhs basin were renamed by Reservoir dam: a dam made for reserving, Water Resources Management Organization as managing or controlling the flow of water to Central Plateau, Eastern Border and Qareh Qum, reserve it for procuring water for irrigation, respectively, in the year 1383. drinking, industry, electricity generation and Electricity control of flood Data related to electric power industry was first Large reservoir dam: refers to all dams with a collected in the year 1343 by the then Ministry of height of 15 metres or more as well as 10 to 15 Water and Power (renamed the Ministry of Energy metres high dams having a reservoir with a volume in the year 1353). Since the year 1346, the Ministry of 1 million cubic metres or more and/or a capacity has regularly provided the annual statistics on the of flood discharge of 2000 or more cubic metres per power industrycomprising power generation, second. transmission, distribution, and consumption. The Inflow: annual volume of water entered the statistics, a part of which appears in some tables of reservoir of a dam through the river. this yearbook, are presented in various annual Outflow: total annual volume of water discharged publications released by the Ministry. from different outlets of a dam (weir, silt ejector Moreover, through two successive censuses of channels, take-out gates, drainage channels) and population and housing in the years 1365 and 1375, evaporation. the SCI collected data on residential units and Water extension: refers to the part of branched-off households benefiting from piped water and water pipes, containing pipe, related accessories, 361 9. WATER AND ELECTRICITY IRAN STATISTICAL YEARBOOK 1396 with a profile appropriate to the water metre and generators and stated in kilowatt hour (kWh) or the extension capacity of public water, which megawatt hour (MWh). connects a private water distribution line or public Net generation: refers to the electricity measured water distribution network from installation place at the point of transmission to the power grid. of the extension valve to the delivery point (valve During a certain period, the net generation may be following the watermetre). calculated by subtracting the gross internal Public water distribution network: a collection of consumption form the gross generation in the same interconnected pipe lines with needed pressure for period. distributing water for household, office and Other institutions: the institutions which generate industrial consumption in a region or inside the city electricity for their own consumption and also sell , all of which belong to the Water and Sewage a part of their production to other institutions but Company. are independent from the Ministry of Energy; some Sewage extension: refers to the part of minor examples are, Esfahan Steelworks, Mobarakeh sewage pipelines, including pipes and related Steel Industries, Petrochemical Industries, Tabriz accessories, with a profile appropriate to siphon or Tractor Industries, and Sarcheshmeh Copper contractual capacity, which carries joint sewages Industries. away from the siphon to the private line or to the Interconnected network: the collection of public network for collecting sewages. production sites and regions of energy Public network for collection and transmission of consumption around the country connected sewage: refers to all installations and equipment, such together with a network of transmission lines and as main collectors, used for collection and high voltage stations. The network lets electricity transmission of sewage to water treatment house exchange between the regions covered, and makes and pump houses of urban sewage and public side the export of electric energy possible. networks, all belonging to the Water and Sewage Isolated network (generation and power Company. The network is not responsible for consumption): refers to regional, provincial and collection, transmission and disposal of rainfall island networks not connected with adjacent water flowing on passages, flood channels and networks or interconnected network. channels inside and outside cities located in the Load-demand: the power consumed during a customers’ estates. certain period in a certain part of the network. Nominal capacity (registered nominal power): Maximum coincidental load: in a full refers to the maximumexpected output of an interconnected electricity system, maximum electricity generator in designing condition defined coincidental load for a day, a week, a month, or a by the manufacturer. Nominal power is usually year refers to the sum of load at the peak of installed in KVA or KW for smaller generators on consumption in regions in megawatt. Where the the generator. interconnected system does not cover the total Actual capacity or actual power (registered country, the maximum coincidental load may be power): refers to the maximum amount of calculated by adding up maximum load of electricity that could be generated by a generator interconnected network and load of separate while regarding the environmental conditions regions in megawatt simultaneously. With regard (altitude, temperature, and relative moisture). to the difference between peak hours of Maximum coincidental power generated: refers to consumption in different regions connected to the the sum of electric power generated at the peak of interconnected network, maximum coincidental network load during a certain period. The sum of load is less than the sum of the maximum loads of the maximum coincidental power generated might be regions. equal or less than the total capacity of the plants. Maximum non-coincidental load: the sum of the Gross generation: refers to the amount of peak of consumption in different regions of the electricity generated by a generator or a plant country during a certain period, which are not during a certain period which is measured on necessarily simultaneous. output series of the main or supplementary 362 IRAN STATISTICAL YEARBOOK 1396 9. WATER AND ELECTRICITY Power Company: the companies (Ltd.) which are Energy produced by the fuel (thermal value): the by law engaged in generation, transmission and amount of heat (kilo calorie or B.T.U.) produced distribution of electricity or in a part of such through burning of the mass unit of a certain fuel. activities and provide the customers with Thermal output: considering that the thermal electricity. The definition covers the water and energy produced by 1 kWh is equal to 860 kcal, the power organizations as well. output of thermal power plants (thermal output) is Power plant: refers to the installation place of calculated through the following formula: generators and related equipment. output(%) = (860/thermal energy consumed for 1 Hydroelectric power plant: a power plant in which kWh of power generated) × 100 the potential energy of water accumulated at dams Line of power: the cables installed on poles to or flowing energy of rivers water is used to drive transmit the electric power from the production site the hydroelectric turbine for electricity generation. (power plant) or substation to consumption places Thermal power plant: a power plant in which in different voltages. chemical energy inherent in solid, liquid, gaseous Power transmission line: a line composed of fuels is transformed into electricity. This definition conductors, insulators and other subsidiary covers nuclear, steam, gas, combined-cycle and equipment used for transmission of high amount of diesel power plants. electricity, with high voltages in long distances Steam power plant: a kind of power plant in which between source points (power plants and receiving thermal energy produced from liquid, solid and gas points. fuels is used for steam production and then driving Sub-transmission line: a collection of the steam turbine to generate electricity. transmission lines with voltages from 63 to 132 kV. Gas power plant: a type of power plant in which Electricity customers: natural or legal persons hot gas produced from the thermal energy in gas whose specifications are registered by customers and liquid
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