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Bulletin 68 Autumn 2015 12015Spring/Sum mer 2015 Family History Society & Cumbria Local History Federation ‘From the Cradle to the Grave’ ‘From the Dacres to the Howards’ At The Shepherds Inn Wavell Drive, Rosehill, CA1 2ST (Close by Junction 43 M6/A69)

On Saturday, 24th October 2015 9:30 am to 4:00 pm £3 at the door - All welcome

Chairman’s Chat.

I’m delighted that this Bulletin brings you the news that this October we shall be combining with the Cumbria Family History Society to present our Convention alongside the Family History Fair. It means a change of venue to The Shepherd’s Inn at Rosehill, Carlisle which is literally a couple of minutes from the M6 and has ample parking. Our AGM will take place before the Fair opens so that you can just come for that if you choose. However we shall be presenting speakers, including our award-winning former Chairman Richard Brockington, and the CFHS has several more lined up for the day ( more details in the enclosed flyer and in this Bulletin) so I hope very much that you will decide to stay at the extremely reasonable cost of £3! Lunch is not included this year, but there will be a café on site, and there is a large supermarket with café, plus a pub with all-day carvery very close by, so there should be something for everyone.

This is such an exciting venture that I’m hoping to see even more of you than usual on the day. CLHF will have a stand and there will be committee members (yes, me too!) in attendance to chat with you. It’s a real opportunity for family and local historians to discover what makes the other tick, for family historians to pursue the notion that local history is vital as the context in which their forebears lived, and for local historians to remind themselves that a spot of family research can enrich their local studies with that little touch of humanity. In fact it’s sparkles for everyone! I’m really looking forward to seeing you all in October! Jenni Lister 1

Jenni Lister CLHF Bulletin 68

Contents

Chairman’s Chat – Jenni Lister Cover Editor’s Thoughts 2 CLHF Member’s Area 3 Insurance for Groups & Societies 3 CLHF Theme 1 – Liaison in the south of Cumbria 3 CLHF Theme 2 - Exchange of Ideas - World War I Online Resources 4 Reports from Groups 5 “Tracks of The Ironmasters” An Art Gene Project 9 Cumbria County History Trust CCHT 10 CLHF Committee Report June 2015 11 Events of Interest 11 Events Diary 12 Members Publications 16 Regional Heritage Centre –Lancaster University 17 “Studying the history of religion” – Report 18 Vernacular Architecture Group National Conference 19 CLHF Membership News 20 Magna Carta and 21 News from Carlisle Archive and Local Studies Centre. 21 News from Archive and Local Studies Centre 22 CWAAS Anniversary 23 Editor’s Final Thoughts & Contacts 23

Editor’s Thoughts.

Your contributions to this CLHF Bulletin have been winging their way to my e-mail box on a daily basis and in such numbers that I am in danger of losing track of them all ! So I have invented a foolproof system by setting up a database. Don’t you love databases? I often get so engrossed in them that I have been known to miss an episode of Eastenders! However I am not complaining. I am impressed with the amount of activity that you, our CLHF members, have carried out in your respective societies and groups, so a big thank you to all contributors who help make this Bulletin a useful and an interesting read. Please keep them coming.

For the next Bulletin I wish to explore the Oral History activity in Cumbria and continue the themes already started so expect an e-mail from me in late October. Also in October I hope to meet many of you on the 24th at The Shepherd Inn, Rosehill, Carlisle.

Best wishes, Nigel Mills, Editor.

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CLHF Member’s Area. Insurance for Local History

The membership of CLHF includes some Groups and Societies. 80 plus groups and individual members The CLHF has recently received an all of whom have an interest in the local enquiry from a member group about history of our county. As the reason for the need or requirement for insurance this Bulletin is to keep you all in touch cover for meetings, events, trips etc run with each other I hope you will circulate by local history groups. it and also give your members the website link www.clhf.org.uk . It is of course up to each society or group to consider this for themselves and if appropriate choose the cover and provider that best suits their needs. The CLHF and several local history societies use the British Association for Local History (BALH) to provide cover. This costs £65 a year and covers activities such as Meetings, Walks, Talks, AGM’s, Visits, Trips, collections and small displays at fairs etc. Their website is http://www.balh.org.uk/membership

If your society or group does not already have insurance then the CLHF There are several obvious obstacles in Committee urge you to consider it. this arrangement if the CLHF is to achieve its aims! A society or group If your society can recommend an receives 2 hard copies to circulate to insurance provider or conversely has members but for instance Cartmel had poor service from their provider Peninsula LHS has 98 members! Yes, the please let me know. Editor. Bulletin is also on the CLHF website but ~~~~~~~~~~ we have decided to make make it even more available and easier to circulate. Theme 1:- Liaison between From this Bulletin onwards a pdf Members. version of the Bulletin will be emailed to all the individuals, and groups who I canvassed by email for interest in a get are members of CLHF. It will be together of our CLHF members in the emailed to the email address given to south of the county and I am pleased to CLHF on the subscription application say there has been some interest. I will form. What we ask is that the email is contact those members in due course then forwarded to your own members. but if you have not yet expressed an interest but would like to please email I would be pleased to receive me. Editor. comments and/or suggestions for future Bulletins from individual ~~~~~~~~~ members and group members. Editor.

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Theme 2:- Exchange of ideas. 5. Women workers at Vickers and on the Furness Railway In Bulletin 67 I included several 6. Activities and men of D examples of research undertaken by Company, 11th Service members into the stories behind some Battalion (Lonsdale) Border Cumbrian War Memorials. This Regiment prompted Robert Baxter to write a 7. Extracts of West Cumberland interesting and useful piece about newspapers, month by month research using newly developed (Aug 1914-Feb 1915, March indexes. 1915 available soon)

Cumbrian World War One Some of this content has now also been resources online made available on the main Cumbria County Council World War Site at Volunteers in both Cumbria’s libraries http://www.cumbria.gov.uk/ww1/, and and archive centres have been very in the course of time all of these active and creating all manner of useful indexes will be transferred to this main name indexes to help genealogists, local site. and military historians and school students in tracking down World War Perhaps you are a relative of the Hon. One servicemen, women workers and Theodosia Meade, a Voluntary Aid refugees! Detachment nurse at Murrell Hill Auxiliary War Hospital in Carlisle, Miss The bulk of these indexes can be found Clara Summerson who worked in the at pantry at Lingholm Officers' Hospital at http://www.cumbria.gov.uk/archives/O Keswick or Miss Mary Elizabeth nline_catalogues/greatwarindexes.asp Froggatt, the Lady Superintendent of These now include the following: Calgarth Park Auxiliary Hospital at ? These are among the 1. Indexes of servicemen details of over 2,000 women and men mentioned in some of the recorded working in these hospitals principal local newspapers from to Longtown and from during World War One Moresby to Penrith. 2. Transcripts and details of names on Cumbrian war Or perhaps you would like to know memorials and references in when war memorial was local newspapers to their unveiled or the names of those on the construction, installation and Cemetery war memorial? Or unveiling in the years after World War One even that Daniel Stubbs, a coal hewer, 3. Names of staff working in was fined 7/6 in damages at local Auxiliary Hospitals Whitehaven Police Court in 1924 for 4. Belgian refugees living and scratching in large letters his name with working in Cumberland, a tie pin on St Bees War Memorial. He Westmorland and Furness

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CLHF Bulletin 68 was 20 and “should have known 'events' index to the Whitehaven News better”. we can find out about the Bishop of Carlisle speaking on the 'latest German How well did Cumberland, atrocity – the recycling of dead bodies' Westmorland and Furness in April 1917 or Council School accommodate hundreds of Belgian sewing party which in September 1917 refugees? By February 1915, some 900 forwarded 77 pairs of socks and 37 were working at the Vickers Shipyards shirts to the front! in Barrow, but in May of the same year there was riotous fighting between The above are just a few random Belgian and English miners in samples of the riches to be found within Whitehaven. However February 1919 these resources. Use, learn and enjoy! saw emotional scenes in both Whitehaven and as grateful Robert Baxter. refugees and friendly hosts said ~~~~~~~~~~ farewell as the Belgians left for home. We learn of the joy of Mary Fairish Reports from Groups. Brown of Whitehaven who was awarded the “Gold Medaille de la Reine Historical & Archaeological Elizabeth”, as well as a coffee service Society. with “an arrangement of flowers in the Belgian national colours” for her The KHAS concentrates on lectures assistance to the refugees during the and excursions throughout the year. war, or the tragedy of Jaen Claes who in Our topics range from prehistory to the 20th century. We get 65-70 February 1919 attempted to murder his people to our monthly lectures so the wife and then killed himself by hanging. members seem to like what we offer. He was from Malines, Belgium, where We got 300+ to David Starkey (our he had run a brass-founding business. President) last month talking about He had been in Coniston since October Margaret Beaufort. We do not 1914 and had been due to return to presently undertake research or Belgium but was said to have become excavations as a Society (save for our depressed on hearing that his business Longsleddale Group) but we do make and machinery had been totally small grants to help individuals or destroyed in the war. other organisations. I expressed an From the indexes to the Penrith interest on behalf of KHAS in a South Observer we see, for example, that Cumbria meeting as per last bulletin. Lieutenant Richard Gilbank, son of the We have no publications, Newsletter Vicar of Orton, was killed at Gallipoli in or website. We prepare a Programme for the year then send it out and August 1915 and that Isaac Nicholson publicise our activities locally. There is senior and Private Joseph Nicholson no present intention to go beyond this. were arrested for helping to hide a deserter, Isaac Nicholson junior at Kevin Grice Hesket in February 1917. Or from the

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Lazonby & District Local Cartmel Peninsula LHS History Society. Anniversary Project 2017.

2017 is the 20th anniversary of the In 1995 a group of people interested in formation of our history society. We local history got together to form the continue to have a fairly small but above Society. In 1996 the first lectures stable membership but at many were held in Cartmel Institute. In the meetings we have visitors from other last 20 years the Society has grown villages around Lazonby. significantly with an average of 100 members in the last 5 years. The The committee are hard-working but Society has become very active in the we struggle to provide fresh ideas for community and has a permanent speakers. Also new places for Summer lecture and meeting venue in Cartmel visits are often a problem to find. This is Village Hall. where the Federation Bulletin is very helpful with the list of speakers and The committee decided to celebrate the ideas from other societies. 20th anniversary of the Society with an Anniversary Project. The project is We have worked on several small entitled “A Tapestry of Village Life” and research projects over the past years, comprises 4 different historical which have stimulated knowledge and researches which are Church of interest in our local area. These have Priests, Datestones and Houses, Village covered topics as varied as the impact Histories - Trades and Livings and a on the village of the Settle-Carlisle railway to, most recently, trying to find Photography Project. the site of a medieval mill. Also, we The Church of England Priests project have produced a leaflet about places of was prompted by the Cumbria County historical interest in the village. We are already thinking about our History Trust and already some anniversary year and have several members have commenced researching ideas, including the production of a the priests of Allithwaite Church and small book with memories and . The photographing of anecdotes about the village from Datestones and Houses in the local area history. was commenced by 2 committee members a few months ago and other We were very pleased to be involved in members are encouraged to add to this the Shap Federation event, which was a database. Village histories – Trades and wonderful opportunity to view other Livings covers the many villages in the societies' work and present our latest peninsula and already research is project. It would be good to host a commencing in some of those villages, similar event to the one at Shap here in in particular Lindale, Grange, Kents Lazonby sometime in the future. We Bank, Allithwaite, Cartmel, Field have no website of our own, but our meetings are featured on the Parish Broughton and Cark. Council site The Photography Project is focussing on history now, which means that Sheila Fletcher, Chairperson,

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CLHF Bulletin 68 photographs taken today will be Cumbria Amenity Trust Mining historical photographs in future years. History Society To that end members have volunteered to take photographs in the local area. Originally simply CAT (Cumbria Amenity To include village life in 2015 the Trust) was set up in 1979 to purchase photographs will be of public transport, some land in the Furnace Iron Mining delivery vans, building sites, notice district to preserve the remaining boards, special occasions, basically mining features for the benefit of the people going about their everyday life. public. When finances proved All the photographs with descriptions of insufficient to buy the land, the where and when taken will be added to organisers stayed together exploring a database held by the Society. and preserving mining and mineral remains. Charitable status was gained The groups of people interested in the and eventually the objectives of the above 4 projects are meeting regularly society were stated as: - to monitor the research. A) To explore, research, maintain Barbara Copeland. access to and preserve for the ~~~~~~~~~~ benefit of our cultural and industrial heritage those historic Hesket Local History Group. industrial and architectural remains as may exist in the Firstly I like the new style of the County of Cumbria, and Bulletin, somehow it seems a lighter elsewhere, in the form of mining touch and I find it interesting. and quarrying remains and

related industrial workings, both The Hesket Local History Group above and below ground. continues to thrive with their monthly talk and visits to places, usually in B) To advance the education of the Cumbria. We are always on the lookout public concerning the industrial history for new speakers who cover any aspect of Cumbria, and elsewhere, in particular of the Cumbrian Heritage. the history of mining and quarrying,

As Chairman I am particularly interested along with the associated archaeology, in World War One though I appreciate mineralogy and geology. that not everybody shares my The Society has carried out very enthusiasm. I would love to hear of anything that is happening in Cumbria significant restoration works including related to 1 WW whatever the event. the re-opening of Greenside Lucy Tongue level, re-opening of Hudgillburn Regards and keep up the good work. Mine, re-building of the portal of Richard Preston Middlecleugh level, re-opening of Grey ~~~~~~~~~~ Crag level and discovery of possibly the earliest known railway system at Silvergill.

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The Society has published a number of them at least once a year to 'swap books on mining; details of those recommendations'. This appears to be currently available are on the website. working very well to our mutual A programme of meets both above and advantage; (and if any other Societies below ground runs throughout the year would like to 'join' this arrangement, our convenor David Pollitt, would be and the Newsletter is published very pleased to hear from quarterly. them: [email protected]). In Membership details from Ian addition, we have thought about Matheson, Membership Secretary, previously successful speakers, and have included two of them this year. 1 Rothay Holme Cottages, ,

Cumbria LA22 0EE. The second development is that [email protected] we have been making a conscious effort http://www.catms.org.uk to include very local speakers in our programmes. This year, for ~~~~~~~~~~ example, one of our speakers (Geoffrey Caldbeck & District LHS. Cole), who has recently had a book published on the history of hill Lest you should think that there is no farming, spoke on that topic; and one (or not enough, anyway) taking another two well known local people note of your emails, I am writing on are on the programme, both to speak behalf of the Caldbeck & District Local about their family histories. The first of History Society to say that your latest these featuring Tim Cartmell, lately of email was on the agenda of our the Solicitors 'Cartmell Business meeting last Thursday. I was Shepherd', attracted a good particularly asked to convey to you that audience last month. His presentation we are very conscious and appreciative was very well of the efforts you are making both researched, including interesting with the Bulletin and also to facilitate artefacts, and the evening was a great inter-Society dialogue. success. In addition, our September meeting will feature a panel of people We do not have a newsletter we can from the village to speak about 'The forward, I'm afraid, but there are two War Years'. One was a navigator on 'new' developments which might be of wartime bombers, another was a nurse interest. ('Nothing new under the sun', at St Thomas's Hospital in London; and really, as they say!) First, since our of the other two, both of whom were monthly meetings are a central focus of teenagers during the war, one will our activities, we have decided to speak about life in Caldbeck (including establish a small group - with a with evacuees) and the other about convenor - to draw up our programmes. family life on a Cumbrian farm. We have put emphasis on establishing not only that the topics will be of I am also hoping to be able to take up interest but that the speakers can by your deadline your offer to members present well. With this in mind we have to 'boast' in the Bulletin about their an informal link with a couple of local publications. Two of our fairly recent societies and our convenor contacts past publications might be of

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CLHF Bulletin 68 interest. One was strikingly successful Thursday afternoons from 2 to 4pm, and has meant that the Society now has from February to December, and at a reasonably comfortable bank balance. other times by appointment (please We still have a handful of copies left for phone 015396 23308 or 015396 20605). sale but are planning shortly to put the Members and visitors are always book (essentially, oral history) on the welcome on Thursday afternoons, and village website. [Because it covers the tea and coffee is served at 3pm! WW2 period, the Imperial War Museum was very pleased to have a copy for its A monthly programme of talks began in archives.] The other book features the autumn 2010, and this too is ongoing on description by a well known local the third Wednesday of every month historian, in Caldbeck and farther afield from September to March at 7.30pm, of his walk around the village on the very first morning of the last century. downstairs in the High Chapel. He gives detailed descriptions of family Admission: members £2, non-members houses (and occupants) which he £3, including tea and coffee. passes and of other village features on his walk, and he also comments on a Jackie Wedd. few local controversies! The book ~~~~~~~~~~ comes with a map of his route. It has already cleared its cost but we have copies for sale. As I say, I hope to be “Tracks of the Ironmasters”. getting back to you on publications. An Art Gene Project.

Thanks, again, Nigel and best wishes, This is a project that I think may interest Ron Davie (President) the cyclists, railway enthusiasts. ~~~~~~~~~~ naturalists and artists amongst our Ravenstonedale Parish History membership. It also involves local history so is a type of crossover project Group. you may wish to be involved in. Editor.

The Group’s origins go back to 2010, The images below are a way marker when it became necessary to find near Siddick Ponds, Whitehaven and a storage for a large amount of Parish display of iron industry hardware at the archive material, and it was felt that this Helena Thompson Museum in could be located at the former High . Editor. Chapel. At the same time it was decided that the archive should be organised, Dr Nick Owen MBE who is the Artist catalogued and made available to Project Manager of this project has anyone interested to view it. This work is provided the following: The charities ongoing! Sustrans and Art Gene are working with local people to start a new industrial The History Room, upstairs at the now heritage arts trail along two sections of renamed High Chapel Community and a 19th century railroad, which once Heritage Centre in the centre of formed the lifeline of West Cumbria’s Ravenstonedale village, is open on

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CLHF Bulletin 68 iron industry. Ironmasters’, is the local name for the The former railways are part of the Sea main iron ore railway in the area. to Sea (C2C) walking and cycling route between Whitehaven to Rowrah, and Sustrans and Art Gene are looking for Workington to Seaton, Siddick and volunteers to work in a series of Broughton Moor, but overgrown ‘community stations’ along the route, platforms, a rusty iron ore crusher and a where they will gather stories and railway signal are historic reminders of information about their area. They are keen to hear from anyone who has memories, artefacts, documents or photos that help to bring the path’s history and environment to life. Two events have taken place in Workington and Whitehaven but if you missed these and would like to get involved or find out more you may contact: Nick Owen on T: 077422 71570 [email protected] http://art-gene.co.uk/w. the paths’ industrious past. A number of railway lines in the area were linked ~~~~~~~~~~ to the iron ore mines at Knockmurton and Kelton and ironworks at News from Cumbria County Workington, Cleator and Distington. History Trust. (CCHT)

The project continues to progress satisfactorily, at least on the east side of the county. So far there has been little work done on western townships, and we are being urged to encourage local history societies in those parts to give some thought to this. I would be happy to attend meetings (preferably with those society members who are active researchers or would like to become involved) to explain more fully Now, thanks to funding from the how the project works, and how the Heritage Lottery Fund, Sustrans and Art task can be (very enjoyably) Gene have commenced community addressed. consultations and workshops to investigate the secret stories behind the One thing I have found from experience area’s industrial history and wildlife, for is that, whilst there does have a future arts trail along the paths. The to be an identified volunteer who takes project, called ‘Tracks of the overall responsibility for

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CLHF Bulletin 68 research and writing of the history of of groups that the Committee will be each township, the task is made contacting with a view to inviting to much easier if there is an enthusiastic join. We shall also be investigating the support team - tackling for use of Facebook and other social media example the newspaper and oral to contact some of the relevant online history research which is vital to groups who seem very active to flag up bring the township history into the 21st the Federation and its activities. century. Very much the legitimate concern of local history We discussed the format and content societies throughout the county, for our convention later this year and is it not? And what an opportunity for concluded with suggestions on how we societies to make their mark. can assist the CWAAS celebrate their 150th anniversary next year. More on Richard Brockington. this will follow in future bulletins. Our next meeting is scheduled for 24 If you wish to take Richard up on his September – members are welcome to offer either as an individual, group or as contact me to submit agenda items for a group of several societies his contact discussion by the Committee. details are on page 23. For more details of the CCHT their website is Robert Baxter www.cumbriacountyhistory.org.uk CLHF Secretary

~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~ CLHF Committee Meeting Events of Interest. 9 June 2015 We approved spending on public Saturday 24th October 2015. The CLHF liability insurance for our convention and The Cumbria Family History Society under the British Association for Local are holding a joint event at The History scheme for local societies. We Shepherds Inn, Rosehill, Carlisle from shall be reminding member groups 10.00am to 3.00pm. Please see about this to ensure all are sufficiently elsewhere in Bulletin for details. covered for their events and activities. th We still require a Treasurer due to the Now until November 8 2015. The present post-holders stepping down Keswick Museum, Keswick. Wainwright: after their term in office. A Love Letter to the Lakeland Fells. A major exhibition exploring Wainwright’s We discussed how we could keep the world using archives, artefacts, film and CLHF A-Z of speakers current, and add interactive exhibits. (Well worth a visit. new speakers easily. We are likely to do Ed.) this by a form on our website to be Saturday 14th November 2015. The submitted by speakers – more details Cumbrian Railways Association Autumn will follow in the Bulletin. Thanks had Meeting will be held at the Burnside been received by the Cumbria County Hotel, Bowness-on-Windermere. See History Trust for our donation of £100. website www.cumbrianrailways.org.uk 47 Groups and 35 individuals had joined the federation. We have compiled a list ~~~~~~~~~~

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Events Diary All meetings start at 7.30pm unless otherwise stated August 2015

17th Shap LHS Drybeck Hall Visit to Drybeck Hall Kind permission of Lord Hothfield

20th Orton & Tebay LHS Tebay Methodist Church The Fell Pony Sue Millard

September 2015

3rd Cartmel Peninsula LHS Village Hall, Cartmel The Yellow Earl’s Big Adventure Dr Rob David

10th Lorton & Derwent Fells LHS Yew Tree Hall, High Lorton A Fox in the Fell - The Quakers in Cumbria Janice Wilson

14th Cartmel Fell & District LHS Parish Hall, Cartmel Fell Ulverston & Lancaster Railway Leslie Gilpin

15th Friends of Helena Thompson Museum Helena Thompson Museum, Workington Workington Hall Part 2 Phyllis Scott

16th Ravenstonedale Parish History Group Community & Heritage Centre Facts & Phantoms in Upper Eden Susan Garnett

16th Lazonby & District LHS Lazonby Village Hall AGM followed by The Carlisle Ship Canal David Ramshaw

17th Levens LHG Village Institute, Levens Rheged, Cumbria & Levens Dan Elsworth

17th Orton & Tebay LHS Tebay Methodist Church Ravenstonedale Retailers Val Fermer

21st Holme & District LHS Burton in Kendal Memorial Hall Lowther Castle & Gardens Hazel Abbott

22nd Duddon Valley LHS The Victory Hall, Broughton Fishing in Morecambe Bay Jack Manning

28th Shap LHS Memorial Hall Green Room, Shap Ninekirks, St Ninians, Brougham Tony Greenwood

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October 2015

1st Cartmel Peninsula LHS Village Hall, Cartmel The Victoria County History Project Prof. Angus Winchester 5th Kendal Historical & Archaeological Society Shakespeare Centre, Kendal Cattle Droving through Cumbria Peter Roebuck

6th Bampton & District LHS Memorial Hall, Bampton Northern England Hiring Fairs 1890-1938 Dr Stephen Caunce followed by AGM

7th Friends of Keswick Museum Parish Room, Main Street, Keswick Waiter, Miner, Butcher, Spy: Austrians in Dr Rob David Cumbria during the First World War 7th & District History Society Settlebeck High School, Sedbergh The men who built Carlisle Cathedral Thirlie Grundy

12th CWAAS Penrith Group Friend Meeting House, Penrith The Ancient Woodlands of Cumbria Mike Winn

12th Cartmel Fell & District LHS Parish Hall, Cartmel Fell Naval & Civil Aviation at Windermere during Ian Gee from Lakes Flying WWI 15th Levens LHG Village Institute, Levens Cumbrian Customs Jean Scott-Smith

15th Orton & Tebay LHS Tebay Methodist Church Roadside Heritage Andy Lowe

19th Shap LHS Memorial Hall Green Room, Shap The Jacobite Rebellions Paul Heslop

19th Holme & District LHS Burton in Kendal Memorial Hall A Career in Ruins Andy Lowe

20th Friends of Helena Thompson Museum Helena Thompson Museum, Workington AGM and slide show

21st Ravenstonedale Parish History Group Community & Heritage Centre Vikings in Cumbria Sheena Grant

21st Lazonby & District LHS Lazonby Village Hall The Men who built Carlisle Cathedral Thurlie Grundy

21st Sedbergh & District History Society Settlebeck High School, Sedbergh Writers Warriors and the War Hospital Isobel Stirk

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27th Duddon Valley LHS The Victory Hall, Broughton “My Life in the Gutter” Archie Workman

November 2015

2nd Kendal Historical & Archaeological Society Shakespeare Centre, Kendal Dining in the Great Houses of Cumbria Ivan Day 1673-1911 3rd Bampton & District LHS Memorial Hall, Bampton Oral History of Farming in Dentdale Anthea Boulton

4th Friends of Keswick Museum Parish Room, Main Street, Keswick The Remarkable Literary History of John Spedding from Mirehouse Mirehouse 4th Sedbergh & District History Society Settlebeck High School, Sedbergh The Great Wall of China Dr Raynor Shaw

5th Cartmel Peninsula LHS Village Hall, Cartmel AGM & Bring and Show

9th CWAAS Penrith Group Friends Meeting House, Penrith “It’s not what you think”: the melodrama of Dr Jane Platt Anglican Parish Magazines.

9th Cartmel Fell & District LHS Parish Hall, Cartmel Fell “Peeling The Onion” Research at Low Wood Rick Sanderson Gunpowder Works 12th Lorton & Derwent Fells LHS Yew Tree Hall, High Lorton “Discovering Derventio” – recent Mark Graham archaeological finds at Papcastle. 14th Cumbria Railways Association Burnside Hotel, Bowness-on-Windermere Autumn Meeting See Events of Interest above.

14th Shap LHS Memorial Hall Green Room, Shap Social Evening, 7.00 for 7.30. Supper Keith Richardson followed by author of Ivver Sen/Jos/Jack’s Yak and River Greta. 16th Holme & District LHS Burton in Kendal Memorial Hall The Excavation of Richard III Dr Carol Allen-Glaister

18th Ravenstonedale Parish History Group Community & Heritage Centre Markets to Supermarkets:200 years of Dr M Winstanley shopping 18th Lazonby & District LHS Lazonby Village Hall Medieval Forgers: The Nuns of Armathwaite Harry Hawkins Priory

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18th Sedbergh & District History Society Settlebeck High School, Sedbergh North Craven in the early medieval period, Dr David Johnson an archaeological perspective 19th Levens LHG Village Institute, Levens Recent National Trust NW Archaeology Jamie Lund

19th Orton & Tebay LHS Tebay Methodist Church Food History June Hall

December 2015

1st Bampton & District LHS Memorial Hall, Bampton Annual Quiz

2nd Friends of Keswick Museum Parish Room, Main Street, Keswick Roman Archaeology: recent excavations & Dr Andrew Birley, Director of Excavations, finds at Vindolanda Vindolanda Trust

2nd Sedbergh & District History Society Settlebeck High School, Sedbergh The History of Manorial Courts and Prof. Angus Winchester Commons in Northern England 7th Kendal Historical & Archaeological Society Shakespeare Centre, Kendal The Castle Dairy – New Insights Dan Elsworth

9th Ravenstonedale Parish History Group Community & Heritage Centre Christmas Get Together Members & Friends

10th Orton & Tebay LHS Tebay Methodist Church Christmas Get together – Members Only

14th CWAAS Penrith Group Friends Meeting House, Penrith William Robinson and his Penrith School Marjorie Smith followed by festive tea and prize quiz. 14th Holme & District LHS Burton in Kendal Memorial Hall Christmas Function – Talk - Missed Cues’ Steve Beattie theatrical anecdotes

14th Cartmel Fell & District LHS Parish Hall, Cartmel Fell Cumbrian Ice Houses and International Dr Rob David Trade

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Members Publications. The origins of the Cumbrian dialect dated back to the 12th century with an Field Names of The Duddon influx of Irish- Scandinavians, speaking a combination of Old Norse and Irish- and Lickle Valleys. Gaelic, probably unintelligible to th The Duddon Valley Local History Group outsiders. Later, by the 16 century, as has just published “Field Names of the open farming was replaced by more Duddon and Lickle Valleys” written by enclosed land, the landscape became Venetia Lascelles. Venetia’s family have more familiar with how we see it lived in the Duddon Valley for over fifty today. This was the period of recorded years and while searching through field names, as Venetia discovered from some papers Venetia came across a documents she researched. small piece of card on which was The book has many plans of these field written “Langledome and Wheatose are names with explanations of their two fields near the Waterworks”. These meaning. It can be bought from names led her to discover an almost Greetings shop in Millom, Sutton’s in lost system of identifying many fields in Ulverston, Broughton TIC, Ulpha Post the valleys which these days are Office and the Newfield pub at simplified by numbers. So began Seathwaite, price £9.50. Venetia’s first edition in 2003, covering the Duddon Valley, followed by a new book just published that has been Pounds and Pinfolds of expanded to include the Lickle Valleys. Cumbria by Nigel Mills.

Field names are not usually written down so talking to local farmers revealed a wealth of information. YouCaxton Publications 2014; ISBN 978- Where names were recorded there are 1909644-45-8; 100 pages; many colour many different spellings complicating images; One of the aims of the Lorton any research. & Derwent Fells LHS established by Ron George and the committee back in 1993

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CLHF Bulletin 68 was to encourage and support research and publications by members. And so we can tick that box again with pleasure, with the publication of Nigel’s Pounds and Pinfolds of Cumbria. Nigel’s project has taken ten years of research and ‘collecting’, being set going more seriously in 2005 as one of the Society’s exemplar projects in support of the Cumbria Manorial Records Project, under Lancaster University. Now we have this fine work which is divided into two sections. Firstly a four part study of the history and usage of pinfolds, soundly based in the manorial records Copies are available from her on: but presented and contextualised in an [email protected] or tel. 015396 accessible way. And secondly the 24410. gazetteer of Cumbrian pinfolds, with many photographs. I have a copy in the ~~~~~~~~~~ L&DFLHS archive. Copies are available from Nigel at the special price of Regional Heritage Centre, £10.00. [email protected] or Lancaster University. 01539 536603. Programme of Events 2015 – Derek Denman 2016. ~~~~~~~~~~ The Regional Heritage Centre is Echoes of Longdale School by currently working on their programme for the coming academic year. Mary P. Jenkin. Highlights will include an event focusing on Lancaster Castle and the Duchy of Mary Jenkin has spent many months Lancaster, a study day with Dr Alan researching the story of this remote Crosby on early industry in the North village school in eastern Cumbria. Not West and a symposium on record only has she gleaned much material publishing. If you would like a copy of from the school Log Book and the the programme but are not currently on Managers’ Minutes Book, but she has the mailing list, please email interviewed many of the surviving [email protected] or see website pupils who have warm and happy www.lancaster.ac.uk/rhc/ memories of their days at Longdale School. The RHC puts on some really interesting It makes a fascinating and amusing lectures so keep an eye on their website account which will be treasured not or putting your name on their email only by those who have their own distribution. Light refreshments are memories of this school, but by all who provided for attendees and a visit to value the heritage of rural life. “The Sultan Of Lancaster” at lunchtime is a must! Editor.

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CLHF Bulletin 68

'Studying the history of a brilliant introduction to some of the more unexpected and obscure primary religion in local communities' archival materials which his examples 25 April 2015 showed provide testimony of the reaction of local communities to The Regional Heritage Centre at legislation, liturgical changes and Lancaster University (RHC) staged a very overviews and inspections by clerical fine day school earlier this year on the hierarchies. theme of religion. It was particularly suited to (though not exclusively aimed Quakerism featured prominently in at) researchers considering tackling this Cumbria, and Professor Winchester topic for contributions to parish and returned with a session on Quakers in township histories for the Victoria local communities, 1650-1850. County History of Cumbria. Charting the movement from that of a Professor Angus Winchester outlined prophetic, radical sect in the mid 17th some of the different approaches to century to evangelicalism and re- analysis and subject matter. For engagement with the world in the mid example one may be interested in 19th century, he introduced us to the seeing how transnational cultural peculiarities of Quaker worship, phenomena or state/church legislation religious organisation, social mores and play out at a local level (secularism, their archive sources. The final session evangelism, reformation etc), or the was provided by Jane Platt on the way personal faith, religious identity or history of Christianity during the 'long' community identity and activity was 19th century – a period of turbulent and seen locally. One might also consider transformative change in religious life the impact of secular and religious at the local level. Full of technical and authorities, the local economy and social interest, her topics covered geography, the strength of any included the impact of non-conformism community life, and the physical and Catholicism, socialism and class landscape of buildings, as well as the conflict, the growth of Anglican influence of individual clergy. ritualism, Sunday School education, home missionary activity, temperance Sarah Rose of Lancaster University then and developments in architecture. provided an excellent background to religious life in medieval communities, I can thoroughly recommend the with a really useful overview of the sessions and speakers for interest, more readily-available sources (many content and enjoyment. Although as an now recently available online). James archivist by profession, there was much Mawdesley of Liverpool Hope that was familiar to me, I can vouch University then gave a really fascinating that there was also plenty in the way of introduction to sources for studying the religious technicalities and archival reformation at a local level, 1550-1650. sources that were new to me. This was no mere run-through of Robert Baxter. standard general secondary sources but 18

CLHF Bulletin 68

National Conference of the Kirkstone Pass, Troutbeck and Kendal's Castle Dairy, the oldest inhabited Vernacular Architecture Group building in the town, to demonstrate held in Cumbria. the features of slate as a building material. The second day was devoted Newton Rigg College of Agriculture, to three medieval buildings in Carlisle, near Penrith, was the perfect location to see some of the rare timber for a national conference. From 7 – 11 structures in Cumbria. The Tithe Barn, July, the Vernacular Architecture group, Prior's Tower, with a unique painted (VAG), held their annual gathering. One wooden ceiling of 1580, and the hundred specialists in the study of Guildhall, (Cumbria's only complete traditional buildings met to explore the surviving timber-framed building), were built heritage of Cumbria. followed by a walk round Burgh by Sands. Here, the defensive church Each year, the VAG meets in a different tower, clay buildings and a cruck barn region of England and Wales. The last were examined. After a drive along the time the VAG came to Cumberland, (as Solway Moss, the tour called at West it was then), was in 1965, fifty years Curthwaite, Durdar and Ellonby, where ago. Then, Dr Ronald Brunskill led the cruck-built and thatched clay houses

group. He is author of many survive. publications on the subject, including Traditional Buildings of Cumbria, ( Cassell, 2002) and has done so much to promote the study of the buildings which reflect local materials and methods. The host organisation was Cumbria Vernacular Buildings Group, (CVBG), founded in 2013 by June Hall, of Newbiggin (Stainton), a member of the VAG national committee. Dr The last tour explored the defensive Brunskill is Patron of CVBG. A small buildings of the north-east of Cumbria, group of members have worked hard and the use of Pennine stone. Buildings for several months to plan the in the high market town of Alston, conference. Accommodation, illustrated the survival of many transport, food, and venues for lunch buildings where the living and tea had to be arranged, to support accommodation is upstairs, approached a programme of day tours and evening by external steps. Several bastles were lectures, with a handbook to describe seen in the area. These are a regional all the buildings visited. feature of the Anglo-Scottish Border,

largely dating from the late sixteenth The tours included visits to many and early seventeenth centuries. They traditional buildings not open to the developed in response to the unrest on public, and village walks. A major the Border, with accommodation for theme was the variety of building livestock on the ground floor, and a materials in the county. A tour of the domestic first floor above. The highlands of the central Lake District entrance to living space was by a included Ullswater and Patterdale,

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CLHF Bulletin 68 removable ladder which could be drawn It was printed by the Cumberland and up when people were safely inside, or Westmorland Herald. by a flight of stone steps. Stone towers for higher status families were seen, for Many people gave their time and example at Naworth castle. energy to make the conference a success. Claire Jeffery, Colby, helped to Evening lectures by leading authorities plan the tours and ran the book and followed the tours. Professor Angus exhibition room; Barbara Grundy, Winchester of Lancaster University, set Stainton, Jill Durnford, Temple Sowerby the scene with an introduction – and Sarah Nicholson, Keswick, helped Cumbrian Buildings: the landscape with transport; Dr Helen Evans, Grange context. Victoria Slowe, Director of the over Sands, who organises the CVBG Ruskin museum, Coniston, spoke about website, assisted in many ways. The the features of domestic and farm conference was only made possible by buildings as shown in early paintings of the willing cooperation of house owners the Lake District, in a fascinating who allowed VAG members to examine presentation entitled Heck, Mell and their homes and workplaces. Grateful Bink. The world-renowned food thanks go to them, and to the venues historian, Ivan Day, of Shap, entertained for tea, coffee and lunch breaks, in the conference on the subject of the appropriate buildings, largely staffed by food resources available to our volunteers. At Newton Rigg, chef Alan Cumbrian predecessors. The final Barrow and his cheerful staff provided lecture was by Dr Adam Menuge, delicious food, and conference Director of Architectural History at the administrators Ann Burgess and Lauren University of Cambridge. He discussed Downes ensured comfortable the still-evolving study of bastles, which accommodation. Reays of Wigton have only been examined in recent provided transport in excellent coaches, years. with helpful and efficient drivers. After the conference, an optional tour of the farm buildings at Newton Rigg, was led by Andrew Humphries.

CVBG membership is open to those interested in the traditional buildings of Cumbria. See www.cvbg.co.uk and www.vag.org.uk June Hall

The handbook of the buildings visited ~~~~~~~~~~ was compiled by a small group of CVBG members. Mike Kingsbury of Barbon, CLHF Membership News Peter Messenger of , Richard Wilson of Dalston, and June Hall We are pleased to have 48 groups and prepared most of the content. The 36 individuals who have joined CLHF for pages were set up for printing by Dan 2015 and we are glad to welcome Elsworth of Greenlane Archaeology, back Arnside Local History Society and Ulverston, and his colleague Tom Mace. Appleby-in-Westmorland who have

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CLHF Bulletin 68 returned after a break. I am always www.cartmelpriory.org.uk/Whats- pleased to receive late subscriptions, Happening/Magna-Carta-800 although with the year 7 months old, groups joining now will have missed out On Monday 28th September Dr Sarah on having their Events listed in the Rose of Lancaster University, will give a Bulletin or on the web site. If you have lecture at 11.30am on “Magna Carta updates to your Events’ Schedules and the Northern Barons”. At 2.00pm please email them to me. and again at 4.00pm CPLHS will give a brief talk on “The Impact of Magna Sally Newton. Membership and Events Listing Secretary Carta in Cartmel from 1215” followed ~~~~~~~~~~ by a guided walk around the village with members of the CPLHS. Magna Carta and Cartmel Stuart Harling, Chairman, CPLHS Sir William Marshal, First Earl of ~~~~~~~~~~ Pembroke was one of the most significant knights during the reign of News from Carlisle Archive and King John. He was very much concerned with the preparation of Magna Carta in Local Studies Centre. 1215 and in the subsequent Magna http://www.cumbriaimagebank.org.uk Carta of the following year. (He later web site houses a collection of digital became Regent to John’s son, Henry III, images created using original material following John’s death.) He founded from Cumbria County Council Libraries Cartmel Priory in 1190, having been and Archives Service. There are also lots given “the land of Cartmel” by King of photos that members of the public John in 1185. have sent in. Our website currently displays 35,000 historic images covering Following the lecture on Magna Carta the whole of Cumbria, dating from the by Dr David Starkey in Cartmel Priory in mid-eighteenth century to 2015. There June, the Cartmel Peninsula Local is also a selection of video, historic History Society (CPLHS) has arranged for maps and old theatre posters. This Dr Alan Crosby to present a talk (also at digitisation project was undertaken for Cartmel Priory) on Monday 7th a number of reasons: September beginning at 7.30 p.m. To ensure our original material is entitled: “King John was not a Good preserved Man – Understanding Magna Carta on To raise awareness and understanding its 800th Anniversary”. Admission will of the material we hold be £2.50 at the door. From 25th to 29th To provide better access to unknown September Cartmel Priory is holding a or little used material Flower Pageant and Magna Carta To create resources useful for learning Celebration in the village with and teaching numerous attractions, concerts and To make available part of our activities. photographic and archive collections for

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CLHF Bulletin 68 users from all over the world to view via detail. Each plan with be accompanied the Internet. by a short potted history of the site. So, if you are in Whitehaven Images on this website can be between 10-13 September, take a stroll downloaded for personal use and through town, comparing the historic photographic quality prints may be vision of 40 premises to their current ordered online. About 1,000 unique use - or pop into the Archive Centre, visitors come to the site each month. where we will assemble the plans in a You can also send in your comments single display. through the site, adding details or http://www.heritageopendays.org.uk/d correcting errors. There’s also a ‘Lost irectory/behind-the-strongroom-door property’ section. We are constantly adding new images to the site so keep Discover our strongroom dropping in! As part of the Heritage Open Days Stephen White. programme, we will also be offering a free strongroom tour on Saturday 12 ~~~~~~~~~~ September at 10am. If you've always wondered what goes on within our News from Whitehaven precious storage area, please join us Archive and Local Studies (you can spend the rest of your visit either exploring our Archives of the Centre Streets displays, or on a morning's Taking Archives on the Streets research). Town centre shoppers will catch a glimpse of Whitehaven of yesteryear in News from the Front September thanks to a heritage Our Local Studies Library is home to project devised by Archive staff. The microfilm copies of a number of local project is to mark Heritage Open Days, newspapers. As we commemorate the a nationwide annual event designed to First World War, copies from that celebrate our local history, architecture period are extremely useful in terms of and culture and remind ourselves of the reporting news as it was received from forgotten gems on our doorstep – or in the front, as well as illustrating what life this case in our town centre. was like back in West Cumbria. The newspaper issues of the Great War We are arranging for local shops and have been indexed for us by a band of businesses to display copies of the volunteers, who over an 18 month historic illustrations from Victorian and period. Each month we produce a Edwardian building control plans for fascinating digest of articles, taken from their buildings in their windows for the the Whitehaven News exactly 100 years duration of the Heritage Open Days before. PDF versions of these are celebration, 10 – 13 September. online http://www.cumbria.gov.uk/archives/O As well as provoking memories of nline_catalogues/greatwar/WCwar.asp, shopping streets of the past, we hope or you can take one away from here. many people will be impressed by the artistic merit of some of the plans, as Our service; Our combined archive and well as be surprised at their colour and local studies centre is right in the 22

CLHF Bulletin 68 middle of Whitehaven: find our opening CWAAS 150th Anniversary. hours and details on Throughout 2016, a range of events will http://www.cumbria.gov.uk/archives/ar be taking place in order to celebrate the chivecentres/whalsc.asp founding of CWAAS in 1866. Displays about the Society and its work will be Catherine Clark, Area Archivist & Library on show in various museums and Manager (Copeland) archive centres around the county. A book about the history of the Society is Of Interest? You may be interested also being written and this will be made in this survey request from Archives in available free of charge to all CWAAS Worcester. They have been members. From November, the commissioned by Historic England to anniversary programme of events will undertake a survey to assess the be made available on the CLHF website, amount of archaeology and local history so please do take a look! We always research being undertaken by voluntary look forward to welcoming new groups in England, and the potential for members, so if you are interested in this to enhance research resources and joining the society, please get in touch agendas. More details about the project via our and the methodology are available website www.cumbriapast.com at http://community-heritage- research.blogspot.co.uk/ Sarah Rose

Editor’s Final Thoughts. I hope you enjoyed this Bulletin and will contribute to the next! Editor.

CLHF Contacts Chair & general contact Jenni Lister [email protected]

Treasurer Ray Newton [email protected]

Bulletin Editor Nigel Mills [email protected]

Secretary Robert Baxter [email protected]

Membership & Events Sally Newton [email protected] Diary Secretary Website David Bradbury pastpresented@ tesco.net www.clhf.org.uk Event Organiser June Hall [email protected]

CCHT Trustee for CLHF Richard Brockington [email protected]

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CLHF Bulletin 68

CUMBRIA LOCAL HISTORY FEDERATION CONVENTION 24th OCTOBER 2015 PROGRAMME

9.30AM Annual General Meeting (CLHF members)

10.15AM Maximilian Loth-Hill “The Rise and Fall of the Dacres of the North, 1315-1569”

11.15AM David Moorat “The Battle of High Gelt Bridge, 1570”

11.45AM Richard Brockington “The Dacre Inheritance, 1569-1601”

2.00PM Tony Consadine “Heraldic Aspects of Pub Signs”

3.00PM Tom Robson “Cumbria Archives”

This programme of talks has been arranged jointly by the Cumbria Local History Federation and the Cumbria Family History Society, and all are welcome to attend without extra charge.

They will take place in the upstairs bar of the Inn. The theme of the morning talks is the once mighty family of the Barons Dacres of Naworth, Greystoke and Kirkoswald, their fall from grace in 1569, the defeat of Leonard Dacre In February 1570, and the extraordinary sequence of events which culminated in the acquisition in 1601 of the huge Dacre inheritance by two branches of the Howard family. Our three morning speakers will all present recent research of their own. In the afternoon we will hear about heraldry and the ever useful Cumbria Archives.

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