Riverdale Mills Hydroelectric Project Docket No
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ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR HYDROPOWER LICENSE Riverdale Mills Hydroelectric Project Docket No. P-9100-040 Massachusetts Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Office of Energy Projects Division of Hydropower Licensing 888 First Street, NE Washington, D.C. 20426 December 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................... i LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ iii LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................. iv ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................ v 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 1 1.1 APPLICATION .................................................................................................... 1 1.2 PURPOSE OF ACTION AND NEED FOR POWER ......................................... 1 1.2.1 Purpose of Action .......................................................................................... 1 1.2.2 Need for Power .............................................................................................. 3 1.3 STATUTORY AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS ................................. 4 1.3.1 Federal Power Act ......................................................................................... 4 1.3.2 Clean Water Act ............................................................................................ 4 1.3.3 Endangered Species Act ................................................................................ 5 1.3.4 Coastal Zone Management Act ..................................................................... 6 1.3.5 National Historic Preservation Act ............................................................... 6 1.4 PUBLIC REVIEW AND COMMENT ................................................................ 7 1.4.1 Scoping .......................................................................................................... 7 1.4.2 Interventions .................................................................................................. 7 1.4.3 Comments on the Application ....................................................................... 7 2.0 PROPOSED ACTION AND ALTERNATIVES ................................................. 8 2.1 NO ACTION ALTERNATIVE ............................................................................ 8 2.1.1 Existing Project Facilities .............................................................................. 8 2.1.2 Existing Project Boundary .......................................................................... 10 2.1.3 Project Safety .............................................................................................. 11 2.1.4 Existing Project Operation .......................................................................... 11 2.2 APPLICANT’S PROPOSAL ............................................................................. 12 2.2.1 Proposed Project Facilities .......................................................................... 12 2.2.2 Proposed Operation and Environmental Measures ..................................... 12 2.3 STAFF ALTERNATIVE .................................................................................... 12 2.4 ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED BUT ELIMINATED FROM DETAILED ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................ 14 2.4.1 Project Decommissioning ........................................................................... 14 3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS ..................................................................... 15 3.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE RIVER BASIN ...................................... 15 3.2 SCOPE OF CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ANALYSIS ........................................ 16 3.3 PROPOSED ACTION AND ACTION ALTERNATIVES ............................... 17 3.3.1 Aquatic Resources ....................................................................................... 17 3.3.2 Terrestrial Resources ................................................................................... 31 3.3.3 Threatened and Endangered Species ........................................................... 36 3.3.4 Land Use and Recreation ............................................................................ 37 3.3.5 Cultural Resources ...................................................................................... 41 i 4.0 DEVELOPMENTAL ANALYSIS .................................................................... 47 4.1 POWER AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT .......................... 47 4.2 COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVES ............................................................. 49 4.2.1 No-Action Alternative ................................................................................. 49 4.2.2 Riverdale Power’s Proposal ........................................................................ 50 4.2.3 Staff Alternative .......................................................................................... 50 4.3 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES .................................................. 50 5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................... 54 5.1 COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT AND RECOMMENDED ALTERNATIVE ................................................................................................ 54 5.1.1 Measures Proposed by Riverdale Power ..................................................... 55 5.1.2 Additional Measures Recommended by Staff ............................................. 55 5.1.3 Measures Not Recommended ...................................................................... 60 5.1.4 Conclusion ................................................................................................... 62 5.2 UNAVOIDABLE ADVERSE IMPACTS ......................................................... 62 5.3 FISH AND WILDLIFE AGENCY RECOMMENDATIONS ........................... 63 5.4 CONSISTENCY WITH COMPREHENSIVE PLANS ..................................... 65 6.0 FINDING OF NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT .................................................... 66 7.0 LITERATURE CITED ....................................................................................... 67 8.0 LIST OF PREPARERS ...................................................................................... 71 ii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Location of the Riverdale Mills Project and other FERC-licensed hydroelectric projects and exemptions on the Blackstone River. (Source: staff). ................... 2 Figure 2. Riverdale Mills Hydroelectric Project facilities (Source: U.S. Geological Survey, 2017, as modified by staff). ................................................................... 9 Figure 3. Photograph of the Riverdale Mills Project dam. (Source: Blackstone Heritage Corridor, undated). ............................................................................................ 29 Figure 4. Contributing Resources to the Blackstone Canal Historic District (Source: Staff). ................................................................................................................ 45 iii LIST OF TABLES Table 1. FERC-licensed and exempted projects on the Blackstone River. ...................... 16 Table 2. Summary of flow and habitat data for the Riverdale Project ............................. 23 Table 3. Amount of suitable habitat for fish species at a range of flows in the bypassed reach. ................................................................................................................. 24 Table 4. Parameters for economic analysis of the Riverdale Mills Project. .................... 48 Table 5. Summary of the annual cost of alternative power and annual project cost for the three alternatives for the Riverdale Mills Project. ............................................ 49 Table 6. Cost of environmental mitigation and enhancement measures considered in assessing the effects of operating the Riverdale Mills Project. ........................ 50 Table 7. Analysis of fish and wildlife agency recommendations for the Riverdale Mills Project. .............................................................................................................. 63 iv ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS APE area of potential effect certification water quality certification C.F.R. Code of Federal Regulations cfs cubic feet per second Commerce U.S. Department of Commerce Commission Federal Energy Regulatory Commission CWA Clean Water Act CZMA Coastal Zone Management Act DO dissolved oxygen EA environmental assessment EFH essential fish habitat ESA Endangered Species Act °F degree Fahrenheit FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission FPA Federal Power Act fps feet per second FWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Interior U.S. Department of the Interior IPaC U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Information for Planning and Consultation kW kilowatt Massachusetts DEP Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Massachusetts DFW Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Massachusetts SHPO Massachusetts State Historic Preservation Officer mg/L milligrams per liter msl mean sea level MWh megawatt-hours National Register National Register of Historic Places NERC North American Electric Reliability Corporation NHPA National Historic Preservation Act