MonitoringMonitoring FlowFlow atat thethe SacramentoSacramento DeepDeep WaterWater ShipShip ChannelChannel

ShawnShawn MayrMayr DWRDWR -- CentralCentral DistrictDistrict FebruaryFebruary 28,28, 20062006 AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

¾¾ Clients:Clients: DWRDWR--DivisionDivision ofof EnvironmentalEnvironmental Services,Services, MaureenMaureen McGee,McGee, andand RogerRoger ChurchwellChurchwell ¾¾ FieldField Operators:Operators: DWRDWR--CentralCentral DistrictDistrict,, DaveDave Huston,Huston, KarenKaren LamLam FatFat ChongChong Him,Him, JohnJohn Ho,Ho, DaveDave SchaapSchaap,, LeijiLeiji LiuLiu ¾¾ DataData Scientists:Scientists: DWRDWR--CentralCentral DistrictDistrict,, DaveDave Huston,Huston, andand KarenKaren LamLam FatFat ChongChong HimHim TwoTwo TalksTalks

¾¾PartPart 1:1: ShipShip ChannelChannel FlowFlow InvestigationInvestigation

¾¾PartPart 2:2: CurrentCurrent EventsEvents inin DWRDWR FlowFlow MonitoringMonitoring

z NewNew MonitoringMonitoring StationsStations

z IncreasedIncreased AccuracyAccuracy

z IncreasedIncreased SafetySafety

z ImprovedImproved TelemetryTelemetry andand DataData StorageStorage SummarySummary

¾¾ Purpose:Purpose: AA fishfish migrationmigration studystudy neededneeded flowflow monitoringmonitoring atat thethe SacramentoSacramento DeepDeep WaterWater ShipShip Channel.Channel.

¾¾ TwoTwo flowflow estimationestimation approachesapproaches werewere evaluated.evaluated.

1. VelocityVelocity IndexIndex MethodMethod (Acoustic(Acoustic Doppler)Doppler)

2. OrificeOrifice ++ VerticalVertical SlotSlot EquationsEquations (Acoustic(Acoustic DopplerDoppler Calibration)Calibration) Study Purpose – Fish Migration Fish Study Purpose – San Pablo

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u River e o r lu R m iv n e e r HeadHead ofof thethe SacramentoSacramento DeepDeep WaterWater ShipShip ChannelChannel William G. Stone Ship Locks I-Street Bridge @ Sacramento t n River e

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Port of Sacramento Deep Water Ship Channel WilliamWilliam G.G. StoneStone ShipShip LocksLocks

Monitoring Location Unintended FlowLock Paths Operation

3 2 1

Å Ship Channel Æ • Large Ship Bay - 640’ x 86’ • Decommissioned in mid 1980’s and de-authorized in 2000 • Reactivated for fish passage study in 2003 and 2004 • Currently non-operational 1. Upstream Side of Sacramento 1. Upstream Side of Sacramento Gate + Lock Operation Gate + Lock Operation Sacramento River Gate

Ga B o tt o e It Leaks a tt O M p e o n

v Ship Channel Gate e s s a Ou n Ou d

tt tth as Gate Opens Boat Moves in e as Gate Opens Boat Moves in Gate Closes Gate Closes Water Equalizes Water Equalizes 2.2. DownstreamDownstream SideSide ofof SacramentoSacramento GatesGates ++ UnintendedUnintended FlowFlow PathsPaths 2.2. CenterCenter GapGap inin thethe SacramentoSacramento RiverRiver GateGate @@ HighHigh FlowFlow

Delta H = 5 ft (January 2006) Gate rotation 3.3. DownstreamDownstream SideSide ofof ShipShip ChannelChannel GateGate @@ LowLow FlowFlow

Velocity Contour Plot 0.00 0.25 0.50 ft/s Depth 18 ft 0 ft 86 ft Distance IndexIndex VelocityVelocity ApproachApproach

Vaverage

Vindex

Q=Vaverage ×A HeadHead DifferenceDifference ApproachApproach

¾¾ OrificeOrifice EquationEquation (Eq.(Eq. 1)1) Q = AK 2g∆h ¾¾ SimplifiedSimplified toto Q = AK ∆h where,where, AA == areaarea == 1’1’ xx stagestage KK == 2.52.5 (from(from boatboat measuredmeasured flow)flow) ∆∆hh == headhead differencedifference ¾¾ ∆∆hh == SacramentoSacramento RiverRiver ElevationElevation –– ShipShip ChannelChannel ElevationElevation Translation of Known Elevation Data Translation of Known Elevation Data San Pablo

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u River e o r lu R m iv n e e r WaterWater SurfaceSurface ElevationElevation TranslationTranslation

¾ StageStage datadata forfor Eq.Eq. 11 requiredrequired ¾ GeneralGeneral linearlinear regressionregression equationequation used:used: y = 1.22x − 2.2 where,where, yy == stagestage atat boatboat locklock xx == stagestage atat RVBRVB 2.22.2 == empiricalempirical numbernumber createdcreated toto makemake thethe stagestage aa thethe boatboat locklock andand ISTIST equivalentequivalent atat zerozero flowflow FishFish LadderLadder FlowFlow EquationEquation

¾¾VerticalVertical SlotSlot EquationEquation (Eq.(Eq. 221))

Q = α(y0 / b0 ) −γ , where,where, αα && γγ == 3.773.77 && --2020 yy0 == waterwater depthdepth bb0 == slotslot widthwidth == 11 footfoot

1 - Rajaratnam N, Katopodis C & Solanki S (1992) New designs of vertical slot fishways. CanadianJournal of Civil Engineering 19(3): 402-414. Predictions of Measured Flow: water elevation based

Measured Flow Vertical Slot 3:1 1:1

Orifice Flow (cfs) Flow

Time PredictionPrediction ofof MeasuredMeasured FlowFlow

Recipe for success: 3 parts vertical slot equation 1 part orifice equation GateGate OperationOperation EventsEvents && 20032003 --20042004 FlowFlow DataData

Measured flow Calculated flow

Gate openings PartPart 11 ConclusionsConclusions

¾¾ VelocityVelocity IndexIndex MethodMethod waswas notnot judgedjudged appropriateappropriate forfor thethe velocitiesvelocities observedobserved duringduring thethe periodperiod ofof record.record.

¾¾ WaterWater SurfaceSurface DifferenceDifference MethodMethod providedprovided aa reasonablereasonable fitfit ofof observedobserved data.data.

¾¾ Recommendation:Recommendation: FutureFuture studiesstudies shouldshould includeinclude aa stagestage monitoringmonitoring atat thethe PortPort ofof Sacramento.Sacramento. IntermissionIntermission PartPart 2.2.

CurrentCurrent EventsEvents inin DWRDWR FlowFlow MonitoringMonitoring Expanding Flow Monitoring Network Expanding Flow Monitoring Network • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Middle River at Undine Road Knights Landing Ridge Cut San Joaquin River at Rough and Ready Island West Montezuma Slough at the Salinity Gates Clifton Court Intake Group Old River at Head San Joaquin River at Lathrop San Joaquin River at Middle River at Undine Road Knights Landing Ridge Cut San Joaquin River at Rough and Ready Island West Montezuma Slough at the Salinity Gates Clifton Court Intake Group Old River at Head San Joaquin River at Lathrop San Joaquin River at Grantline Grantline at Permanent Barrier Site Canal at Permanent Barrier Site San Pablo

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Mossdale Mossdale

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u River e o r lu R m iv n e e r DataData BaseBase andand TelemetryTelemetry

¾¾ DataData BaseBase andand ProcessingProcessing –– HydstraHydstra

z SpecializedSpecialized databasedatabase forfor hydraulichydraulic andand hydrologichydrologic data.data.

z ImprovedImproved storage,storage, processing,processing, andand deliverdeliver ofof data.data. ¾¾ TelemetryTelemetry

z FromFrom GOESGOES SatelliteSatellite toto CellCell Modems.Modems.

z AllowsAllows higherhigher bandwidthbandwidth andand twotwo wayway communications.communications.

z LowerLower costcost maintenancemaintenance andand decreaseddecreased downtime.downtime. ShawnShawn MayrMayr Department of Water Resources Central District 3251 S Street, Sacramento, CA 916-227-7598 [email protected]