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Atlas of the Gobies (Gobiidae) in Bulgaria Атлас На

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Assoc. Prof., Dr. Milen Vassilev Милен Василев, Апостолос Апостолу, Борис Milen Vassilev, Apostolos Apostolou, [email protected] Велков, Добрин Добрев, Велислав Зарев Boris Velkov, Dobrin Dobrev, Velislav Zarev АТЛАС НА ПОПЧЕТАТА ATLAS OF THE GOBIES (GOBIIDAE) В БЪЛГАРИЯ (GOBIIDAE) IN BULGARIA Chief Assist., Dr. Apostolos Apostolou [email protected] Assistant Boris Velkov [email protected] ATLAS OF THE GOBIES (GOBIIDAE) IN BULGARIA OF ATLAS • Chief Assist., Dr. Dobrin Dobrev [email protected] Postgraduate Velislav Zarev [email protected] Институт по биоразнообразие и екосистемни Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, ISBN 978-954-9746-29-7 (GOBIIDAE) В БЪЛГАРИЯ НА ПОПЧЕТАТА АТЛАС изследвания, Българска академия на науките Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Милен Василев, Апостолос Milen Vassilev, Apostolos Apostolou, Апостолу, Борис Велков, Добрин Boris Velkov, Dobrin Dobrev, Добрев, Велислав Зарев Velislav Zarev АТЛАС НА ПОПЧЕТАТА ATLAS OF THE GOBIES (GOBIIDAE) В БЪЛГАРИЯ (GOBIIDAE) IN BULGARIA Издаването на тази книга е финансирано The publishing of this book was financed by от Фонд Научни Изследвания, МОМН по MEYS-Bulgarian Science Fund, проект ДО 02-0201/2008 project DO 02-201/2008 Институт по биоразнообразие и Institute of Biodiversity and екосистемни изследвания, Българска Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian академия на науките Academy of Sciences София Sofia 2012 Авторите са служители на The authors are employed at the Института по биоразнообразие и Institute for Biodiversity and екосистемни изследвания към БАН. Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Фотографии: Повечето от използваните снимки Photos: са направени от Б. Велков. В Most of the used photos are made by останалите случаи автора е Boris Velkov, otherwise their author is упоменат. noted. Карти: Maps: Картите на разпространение на Distribution Maps were prepared by видовете са направени от Д. Добрев. Dobrin Dobrev. © Milen Vassilev, Apostolos Apostolou, Boris Velkov, Dobrin Dobrev, Velislav Zarev, 2012 © Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2012 Cover photo: Gobius paganellus by B. Velkov Design and desktop publishing: D. Dobrev ISBN 978-954-9746-29-7 СъДържАНИе CONTENTS Увод ..........................................................3 Introduction ...............................................3 Попчетата (Gobiidae) в България ...........5 Bulgarian Gobies (Gobiidae) ....................5 Описание на видовете ...........................10 Species description ..................................10 Пояснения към описанието ................10 Text structure and some tips ...................10 Определител на видовете .....................14 Species identification key .......................14 Видове ....................................................16 Species ....................................................16 Aphia minuta - Стъкленка ......................16 Aphia minuta - Тransparent goby ...........16 Benthophiloides brauneri - Шабленско Benthophiloides brauneri - Beardless (пъстро) попче .......................................19 tadpole goby ............................................19 Benthophilus stellatus - Звездовидо (пъп- Benthophilus stellatus - Stellate tadpole често) попче ...........................................22 goby.........................................................22 Chromogobius quadrivittatus - Chromogobius quadrivittatus - Chestnut Мраморноглаво попче ..........................25 goby.........................................................25 Gobius bucchichi - Ивичесто попче ......28 Gobius bucchichi - Bucchichi’s goby .....28 Gobius cobitis - Кадънка ........................31 Gobius cobitis - Giant goby ....................31 Gobius niger - Черно попче ...................34 Gobius niger - Black goby ......................34 Gobius ophiocephalus - Тревно (змиегла- Gobius ophiocephalus - Grass goby .......37 во) попче ................................................37 Gobius paganellus - Rock goby ..............41 Gobius paganellus - Скално попче........41 Knipowitschia caucasica - Caucasian Knipowitschia caucasica - Кавказко dwarf goby ..............................................44 попче ......................................................44 Knipowitschia longecaudata - Longtail Knipowitschia longecaudata - dwarf goby ..............................................48 Дългоопашато попче .............................48 Mesogobius batrachocephalus - Knout Mesogobius batrachocephalus - Лихнус .. goby.........................................................52 .................................................................52 Neogobius cephalargoides - Pinchuk’s Neogobius cephalargoides - Голямоглаво goby.........................................................55 попче ......................................................55 Neogobius eurycephalus - Mushroom Neogobius eurycephalus - Широкоглаво goby.........................................................58 попче .....................................................58 Neogobius fluviatilis - Monkey goby .....62 Neogobius fluviatilis- речно попче .......62 Neogobius gymnotrachelus - Racer goby ... Neogobius gymnotrachelus - Головрато .................................................................66 попче ......................................................66 Neogobius kessleri - Bighead goby .........70 Neogobius kessleri - Кеслерово попче .. 70 Neogobius melanostomus - Round goby..... Neogobius melanostomus - Стронгил ...... .................................................................73 .................................................................73 Neogobius ratan - Ratan goby ................77 Neogobius ratan - ратан ........................77 Neogobius syrman - Syrman goby ..........80 3 Neogobius syrman - Сирман ..................80 Pomatoschistus bathi - Bathi’s goby.......83 Pomatoschistus bathi - Попче на Бати ..83 Pomatoschistus marmoratus - Marbled Pomatoschistus marmoratus - Пясъчно goby.........................................................86 попче ......................................................86 Pomatoschistus minutus - Sand goby ......... Pomatoschistus minutus - Далаче ..........89 .................................................................89 Proterorhinus marmoratus - Мраморно Proterorhinus marmoratus - Tubenose попче ......................................................92 goby.........................................................92 Литература ............................................96 Literature .................................................96 4 УВОД INTRODUCTION Класификация Classification Клас: Actinopterygii (Лъчеперки) Class: Actinopterygii Разред: Perciformes (Костурообразни) Order: Perciformes Семейство: Gobiidae (Попчета) Family: Gobiidae рибите от семейство Попчета The family Gobiidae counts between наброяват между 1500 – 1900 1500 and probably more than 1900 spe- (вероятно и повече) вида, кои- cies. They are classified in 6 subfam- то са обединени 6 подсемейства ilies: Amblyopinae, Benthophilinae, (Amblyopinae, Benthophilinae, Gobi- Gobiinae, Gobionellinae, Oxudercinae, inae, Gobionellinae, Oxudercinae, Sicydiinae and approximately 230 Sicydiinae) и около 230 рода (Nelson, genera (Nelson, 1994; Hoese, Larson, 1994; Hoese, Larson, 2006). 2006). Кратка характеристика Short Description Те са предимно дребни риби, оби- Gobies are mainly small fishes inhabit- таващи солени, бракични и сладки ing marine, brackish and freshwater ba- води в умерените, субтропическите sins in temperate, subtropical and trop- и тропическите ширини. Най-едрите ical climates. The bigger species can представители достигат на дължина reach 40 cm in length (representatives около 40см (някои видове от родо- of the genera Gobioides, Periopthalmon вете Gobioides, Periophthalmodon и and Mesogobius). Some of the smallest Mesogobius). Към попчетата се от- invertebrates are also gobies, for exam- насят и най-дребните гръбначни жи- ple Pandaka pygmaea and Trimmatom вотни в света – видовете Trimmatom nanus. Their life cycle does not exceed nanus и Pandaka pygmaea, които a year, and their length 1 cm. не достигат 1см дължина и живеят Most gobies are benthic species inhab- по-малко от година. iting sublittoral marine zones. They can Повечето са дънни видове, населява- be found on different substrate types as щи крайбрежните зони на моретата. rocks, sand, underwater macrophytes. Обитават различен тип субстрати: Some of them are pelagic (Aphia скали, пясък, подводни обраствания. minuta). Някои са пелагични (Aphia minuta). The most typical family feature is the Най-характерният морфологичен бе- conjugated ventral (pelvic) fins, which лег за семейството е срастването на form a sucker-like pelvic disc. They коремните перки във вендуз. Имат have two dorsal fins and lack later- две гръбни перки, нямат странична al line, but instead of it on their head линия, но на главата имат система a system of sensitive pores, known as от чувствителни отвори – генипо- genipores and canals is located. Their 5 ри. Техният брой и конфигурация са number and exact location on the head важен таксономичен белег. Тялото is an important taxonomic trait for spe- обикновено е покрито с ктеноидни cies determination. The scales or body и/или циклоидни люспи. are mainly ctenoid, or/and cycloid. Наблюдава се полов диморфизъм. Most of the goby species are sexually Обикновено мъжките са по-едри и dimorphic, especially during the re- по-ярко оцветени, особено по вре- production period. Males are general- ме на размножителния период.
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  • Identifying Sagittae Otoliths of Mediterranean Sea Gobies

    Identifying Sagittae Otoliths of Mediterranean Sea Gobies

    Manuscript 1 Identifying sagittae otoliths of Mediterranean Sea gobies: 2 variability among phylogenetic lineages 3 4 5 A. LOMBARTE *† , M. MILETIĆ ‡, M. KOVAČIĆ §, J. L. OTERO -F ERRER ∏ AND V. M. TUSET * 6 7 *Institut de Ciències del Mar-CSIC, Passeig Marítim 37-48, 08003, Barcelona, Catalonia, 8 Spain, 9 ‡ Energy Institute Hrvoje Pozar, Savska cesta 163, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia, 10 §Natural History Museum Rijeka, Lorenzov prolaz 1HR-51000, Rijeka, Croatia, 11 ∏Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Campus Universitario 12 de Vigo, Fonte das Ab elleiras, s/n 36310, Vigo, Gali za, Spain 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 †Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: +34 932309564; email: 25 [email protected] 1 26 Gobiidae is the most species rich teleost family in the Mediterranean Sea, where this family is 27 characterized by high taxonomic complexity. Gobies are also an important but often- 28 underestimated part of coastal marine food webs. In this study, we describe and analyse the 29 morphology of the sagittae, the largest otoliths, of 25 species inhabiting the Adriatic and 30 northwestern Mediterranean seas. Our goal was to test the usefulness and efficiency of 31 sagittae otoliths for species identification. Our analysis of otolith contours was based on 32 mathematical descriptors called wavelets, which are related to multi-scale decompositions of 33 contours. Two methods of classification were used: an iterative system based on 10 wavelets 34 that searches the Anàlisi de Formes d'Otòlits (AFORO) database, and a discriminant method 35 based only on the fifth wavelet.
  • Crimea______9 3.1

    Crimea______9 3.1

    CONTENTS Page Page 1. Introduction _____________________________________ 4 6. Transport complex ______________________________ 35 1.1. Brief description of the region ______________________ 4 1.2. Geographical location ____________________________ 5 7. Communications ________________________________ 38 1.3. Historical background ____________________________ 6 1.4. Natural resource potential _________________________ 7 8. Industry _______________________________________ 41 2. Strategic priorities of development __________________ 8 9. Energy sector ___________________________________ 44 3. Economic review 10. Construction sector _____________________________ 46 of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea ________________ 9 3.1. The main indicators of socio-economic development ____ 9 11. Education and science ___________________________ 48 3.2. Budget _______________________________________ 18 3.3. International cooperation _________________________ 20 12. Culture and cultural heritage protection ___________ 50 3.4. Investment activity _____________________________ 21 3.5. Monetary market _______________________________ 22 13. Public health care ______________________________ 52 3.6. Innovation development __________________________ 23 14. Regions of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea _____ 54 4. Health-resort and tourism complex_________________ 24 5. Agro-industrial complex __________________________ 29 5.1. Agriculture ____________________________________ 29 5.2. Food industry __________________________________ 31 5.3. Land resources _________________________________