Index

A Adhesions, 1, 2, 7, 13, 14, 18, 19, 24, 29, ABL tyrosine kinases, 193 30, 57, 60, 64, 66, 90, 94, 95, 99–101, -binding , 16–21, 24, 52, 102, 105–112, 121–123, 125, 127–136, 153, 123, 125, 132, 189, 202 169, 177, 180, 185–196, 198, 200, 203, Actin , 13, 16–19, 24, 28, 29, 44, 204, 213, 214 47, 52, 69, 72, 84, 91, 93, 94, 98, Adhesion structures, 30, 37–52, 108, 112, 123, 101–106, 108, 123, 125, 128, 130, 132, 127–129, 195 158, 169, 177, 180, 185–187, 189, 190, Adhesive functions, 7, 48, 108–110, 185, 191, 192–197, 203–205 192, 195 Actin-depolymerizing factor(ADF), 17–18. Adhesive interactions, 1–4, 10, 13, 44, See also Cofilin 57–112, 130, 185–205, 213–215 Actin dynamics, 19, 126, 193, 194 Afadin, 189 Actin filaments, 13–26, 28–30, 37, 40, Affinity, 16, 47, 48, 50, 100, 109, 134, 192 42, 44, 45, 47, 49, 50, 52, 66, 69, Alpha-, 18, 47, 106, 189 71, 72, 78, 80, 87, 88, 99, 102–104, Alpha-, 18, 127, 189, 194, 195, 198, 204 106, 109, 123–130, 133, 151, 154, Alpha-, 25 158, 178–181, 186, 187, 190, Alterations, 2–4, 13, 57, 74–88, 104, 105, 193–196, 203 108–112, 121, 132–135, 169, 177, 180, Actin polymerization, 13, 14, 16, 18, 185, 200–204, 213, 214 21, 24, 49, 103, 104, 123, 124, AMF. See Autocrine motility factor (AMF) 126, 127, 193 Anaplasia, 185, 205, 213 Actin-related proteins (Arp2/3), 16, 18, 19, Anchorage dependence, 2, 99–100 21, 23, 52, 103, 104, 123–125, 127, Anchorage independence, 4, 57, 111–112 193, 194 Angiogenesis, 48, 52, 90, 112, 131, 135, Activation, 19, 24, 47, 48, 50, 57, 88–93, 136, 214 96–100, 103–106, 109–112, 125–127, Anoikis, 2, 57, 99, 100, 106, 108, 111, 112 129–134, 136, 177, 190, 192–194, Anti-apoptotic signaling, 97–100, 111, 204 198–205, 214 APC. See Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) Active cell edge, 24, 80, 125, 127, 128, 133, 134 Apoptosis, 2, 3, 57, 94, 97–100, 105, 106, 108, Actomyosin, 19, 49, 51, 108 111, 152, 202 ADAM proteins, 48, 50 Arginylation, 13, 14 Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein, Arg kinase, 193 28, 126, 195, 198, 204 Arp2/3. See Actin-related proteins (Arp2/3) ADF. See Actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) Asef. See Rac1-activating protein (Asef) Adherens junctions, 185–205 Assembling, 24, 52, 193

Y.A. Rovensky, Adhesive Interactions in Normal and Transformed Cells, 217 DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-304-2, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 218 Index

ATP hydrolysis, 19 Cancer progression, 112, 198, 201, 202, 204, 205 Attachment, 2, 9, 10, 21, 24, 37, 42, 44, 57, Capping, 16–18, 21, 103, 124, 191, 2344 69, 106, 109, 122, 124, 130, 136, 145, Cas. See P130 Cas (Cas) protein 148, 151, 177, 214 Cas-associated protein, 95 Autocrine motility factor (AMF), 137 Casein kinase1, 198 Autophagy, 100 Catastrophe frequency, 50 Axin, 198, 204, 205 Catenin complex, 187–189, 194, 195, Axin/conductin, 198, 204, 205 201–204, 215 , 187, 189, 193, 195, 196, 203–204 Caveolae, 99 B Caveolin–1, 99 Bad protein, 98, 99 Cdc42, 101, 104–105, 124, 126, 129, 133, 176, Barbed ends, 17–19, 21, 23, 42, 44, 103, 104, 190, 193, 195, 196 106, 124, 129 CDH1 tumor suppressor gene, 200, 201 Basement membranes, 1, 2, 7–10, 51, 52, 112, Cell cultivation, 151 131, 135, 145, 147, 148, 153 Cell detachment, 97, 99, 100, 111 Bax protein, 98 Cell-extracellular matrix adhesion, 105, 108 BAX tumor suppressor gene, 98, 100 Cell length control, 71, 72 Bcl2 protein, 98 Cell motility, 18, 19, 49, 98, 130–132, 194, 196 BCL2 proto-oncogene, 98, 100 Cell receptors, 18, 88, 91, 110, 130, 135 Bcl 9–2 protein, 198, 205 Cell spreading, 19, 24, 37, 57–88, 107, 108, BCL-x, proto-oncogene, 98 148, 151, 154, 155, 157, 158, 167–171, Bcl-x protein, 98 173, 174, 178 Beta-catenin, 189–195, 197–205 Cell surface receptors, 7–9, 47, 57, 88–92, 94, Beta-tubulin, 25, 26 96, 111, 128, 129, 214 Blebs, 37, 42, 58, 60, 69, 80, 84, 87, 126 Cell surface relief, 57–62, 69, 72, 82–87 Bombesin, 136 Centrioles, 25 BPAG1, BP230. See Bullous pemphigoid Centripetal stretch, 49, 66, 78, 105, 106, 108, antigen1 (BPAG1, BP230) 109, 122, 178, 181 Bullous pemphigoid antigen1 (BPAG1, Centrosomal , 27 BP230), 51 Centrosome, 25, 27, 104, 126 Bundles, 14, 15, 18, 24, 28, 44, 45, 48, 51, c-ErbB1/HER1 proto-oncogene, 110 52, 66, 68, 70–72, 80, 82, 88, 102, 104, Chondroitin sulfates, 8 106, 107, 123–125, 128, 133, 151, 154, Claudins, 185, 186, 189 158, 178–181, 190, 193, 195, 196 Clustering, 47, 90, 109, 124, 192, 195 c-met proto-oncogene, 110, 136 Cobl. See Cordon-bleu (Cobl) C Cofilin, 17–19, 23, 24, 102, 103, 134. See also Cadherin isoform switching, 203 Actin-depolymerizing factor(ADF) Cadherin receptor, 129, 185, 187, 190–195 Colcemide, 28, 126 Calcium ions, 92 Colchicines, 28 Caldesmon, 19, 49, 52, 195 Collagen fibers, 9 , 92 Collagens, 1, 4, 8–10, 45, 48, 52, 90, 106, Calmodulin dependent protein kinases 107, 109, 112, 129, 135, 203 (CAM), 93 Collision, 121, 127, 195, 196, 200 Calpain, 48, 50 Conductin. See Axin/conductin Calpastatin, 48, 50 Conductin (Axil) tumor suppressor gene. CAM. See Calmodulin dependent protein See Axin/conductin kinases (CAM) Conformation, 19, 48, 88, 89, 91, 108, 186, cAMP. See Cyclic adenosine monophosphate 194, 199 (cAMP) , 2, 4, 7, 8, 10, 96, 145, 148–150 cAMP-dependent protein kinase, 93 Connexins, 186 Cancer cells, 10, 24, 51, 52, 108–112, 129, Connexon channels, 186 133–136, 154, 161, 200–205 Connexons, 186 Index 219

Contact guidance, 153 Dsh. See Dishevelled (Dsh) protein Contact inhibition, 2, 121, 127–128, 134, 185, Dynamic instability, 26–28, 50 196–200, 204–205 , 50, 99, 131 Contact paralysis, 127, 128, 134, 194 , 27, 30, 104, 192 Contractility, 14, 19, 24, 29, 49–52, 105–107, 126, 127, 129, 133, 180, 193, 195, 203 Contraction, 19, 49, 80, 93, 107, 108, 130, E 186, 195 EB1. See End-binding protein1 (EB1) Cordon-bleu (Cobl), 16, 17 E-cadherin. See Epithelial cadherin Cortactin, 18, 21, 52, 123, 125, 193 (E-cadherin) Cortical actin, 18, 49, 126, 130, 192 EGF. See Epidermal growth factor (EGF) Curvature, 153–156, 158, 178–181 Elastin, 1, 8, 9 Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), Elongation, 17, 21, 23, 122, 124, 152, 154, 16, 92, 93 158, 159, 179, 180 Cyclic nucleotides, 92 Embryogenesis, 2, 10, 121, 129, 151, 154, Cylindrical surface, 154, 163, 167, 179, 180 181, 185, 188 Cylindrical threads, 154, 158 EMT. See Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Cytochalasins, 84, 87 (EMT) Cytoskeleton, 2, 3, 13–30, 44, 45, 47, 52, 69, Enabled/vasodilator-stimulated 72, 84, 91, 93, 94, 98, 100–106, 108, phosphoprotein (Ena/VASP), 106 121, 123, 125, 128, 130, 132, 158, 169, Ena/VASP. See Enabled/vasodilator-stimulated 177, 180, 185–187, 189, 190, 192–197, phosphoprotein (Ena/VASP) 204, 205, 214 End-binding protein1 (EB1), 28 Cytoskeleton linkers, 30 Endocytic-exocytic transport, 131, 134 Endocytosis, 19, 50, 99, 191, 192, 202, 204 Endothelium, 2, 4, 90, 96, 109, 214 D Entactins, 9 DAG. See Diacylglycerol (DAG) Epidermal growth factor (EGF), 90, 96, 110, DAP. See Death-associated protein (DAP) 130, 132, 136 Death-associated protein (DAP), 99 Epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), 129, 135, 187, Deletions, 105, 111, 201 188, 191–195, 198, 200–205, 214, 215 Depolymerization, 14, 16, 17, 23, 24, 26–29, Epithelial cells, 4, 7, 9, 14, 29, 30, 51, 58, 64, 49, 87, 102, 103, 126 66, 69, 71, 72, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, Dermatan sulfates, 8 122, 127–129, 131, 133, 134, 145, 154, Desmocollins, 186 158, 161, 163, 167–170, 172, 174, Desmoglein, 186 177–181, 187, 188, 191, 193, 195, 196, , 187, 205 198, 200, 202, 203 Desmosomal cadherins, 186 Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), Desmosomal junctions. See Desmosomes 129, 135, 136, 198, 202–204, 214 (desmosomal junctions) Epitheliocytes. See Epithelial cells Desmosomes (desmosomal junctions), Epithelium, 29, 128 30, 185–187, 189, 202, 205 ERK. See Extracellular signal-regulated Desmuslin, 30 kinases (ERK) Detachment, 4, 40, 57, 60, 63, 97, 99, 100, ERM. See Ezrin, radixin, moezin (ERM) 111, 122, 126, 130, 170 Exocytosis, 131, 191 Diacylglycerol (DAG), 92, 94 Expression, 3, 10, 17, 24, 30, 48, 50, 91, 93, Disassembly, 17, 23, 29, 48–50, 94, 101, 104, 94, 96, 100, 105, 106, 109, 110, 125, 109, 129–132, 186, 191, 193, 203, 204 128, 129, 135, 136, 153, 180, 198, Discontinuous substrata, 154, 167–176 200–205, 214 Dishevelled (Dsh) protein, 198 Extracellular matrix, 1, 7–10, 13, 37, 57–112, Disintegrin domain, 48 121, 145, 153, 200, 213 Domain, 8–10, 16–19, 23, 45, 47, 48, 52, Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 89–93, 95, 96, 99, 100, 108, 109, 123, (ERK), 96 185, 187, 189, 191–193, 197 Ezrin, radixin, moezin (ERM), 18 220 Index

F G F-actin, 13 G-actin. See Globular actin (G-actin) FAK. See Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) Gamma-catenin (g-catenin ), 187, 189 Fascin, 18, 124, 129 Gamma-tubulin (g-tubulin ), 25, 27 FGF. See Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) Gap junctions, 185, 186 Fibers, 1, 2, 9, 18, 40, 145, 147–150, 153 GAPs. See GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) Fibrillar adhesions, 37, 44, 51 GDI. See GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) , 9, 10 GDP. See Guanosine diphosphate (GDP) Fibroblast growth factor (FGF), 52, 96, GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), 91 110, 136 GEF-H1. See Rho guanine nucleotide Fibroblastic cells, 4, 14, 15, 49, 51, 60, 63, exchange factor (GEF-H1) 69, 71, 72, 78, 80, 105–108, 121–123, GEFs. See Guanine nucleotide exchange 125–128, 130, 132, 133, 145, 148, factors (GEFs) 153, 154, 158, 161–163, 167–170, , 17–19, 103, 202 172, 173, 175, 177–181, 189, 190, Gene, 3, 10, 17, 24, 28, 30, 93, 98–100, 105, 195, 200, 203 111, 112, 129, 130, 153, 180, 196–198, Fibroblasts, 4, 7–9, 19, 29, 38–40, 43, 44, 200–205, 213 52, 58, 60, 61, 74–80, 83–87, 96, Geometric configuration, 10, 153, 154, 177, 110, 124, 128–130, 134–136, 158, 181, 213 159, 163–167, 179–181, 195, 200, GFAP. See Glial fibrillary acidic protein 201, 203 (GFAP) Fibronectin, 1, 4, 8–10, 45, 47, 48, 51, 52, Girdin, 18, 132 90, 109, 130, 134, 177, 214 Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), 30 Fibulins, 9, 10 Glial filaments, 30 Filament bundles, 14, 18, 45, 50, 52, 66, Globular actin (G-actin), 13, 16, 17 68, 69, 71, 72, 80, 88, 102, 107, Glycogen synthase kinase–3b (GSK3b), 198 124, 125, 128, 133, 151, 158, Glycoproteins, 1, 7–9, 45, 131, 186, 204, 214 178–181, 193, 195 Glycosaminoglycans, 1, 7–9 Filament nucleation, 16, 17, 21 Golgi complex, 27 , 18 GPCRs. See G protein coupled receptors Filopodia, 18, 37–39, 42, 44, 45, 50, 64–66, (GPCRs) 74, 75, 80, 83, 84, 104, 123–125, 129, G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), 89–91 133, 149, 163, 172–174 G proteins, 90, 91 Fimbrins, 18 Grooved topography, 161, 177 FIP200 protein, 95 Grooves, 153, 154, 161–167, 177, 179–180 Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), 47, 49, 50, Growth factor receptors, 57, 94–108, 121, 123 95, 98, 105, 106, 110, 111, 131, Growth factors (GFs), 2, 3, 8, 52, 88, 121, 123, 133, 177, 203 128–130, 135, 191, 202, 203, 213–215 Focal adhesions. See Focal contacts (focal GSK3b. See Glycogen synthase kinase–3b adhesions) GTP. See Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) Focal complexes, 37, 44, 45, 49–52, 80, 132 GTPase. See Guanosine triphosphatase Focal contacts (focal adhesions), 37, 44–52, (GTPase) 57, 64, 66, 71, 78, 80, 88, 94, 95, GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), 97–102, 104–112, 121, 125, 127–134, 91, 105, 132 152, 169, 178, 179, 181 GTP hydrolysis, 26, 91 Folds, 58–60, 62, 69, 80, 84, 86, 108, 153 Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), Force-induced signals, 105, 108 49, 90, 105, 126, 192 Formin homology protein mDia1, 50, 102, Guanosine diphosphate (GDP), 26, 90–92 105, 193 Guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase), 19, 24, Formin homology protein mDia2, 124 29, 44, 47, 49, 50, 69, 90–93, 95, 96, Formins, 16, 17, 21, 23, 50, 105, 123, 124, 98, 101, 102, 104–106, 110, 125, 126, 193, 194 129, 131–133, 186, 192–196, 202, 204 Forward flow, 130 Guanosine triphosphate (GTP), 26, 90–92 Frizzled, 198 Guidance, 42, 132, 153 Index 221

H J Hemidesmosomes, 51 JMY. See Junction-mediated regulatory protein Heparan sulfates, 8 (JMY) Heparin, 8, 9 Junction-mediated regulatory protein (JMY), Hepatocyte growth factor, 96, 110, 128–130, 16–17 136, 169, 171, 181 Junctions, 1, 185–205 Heterotrimeric G proteins, 90–92 HGF/SF. See Hepatic growth factor Human cancers, 110, 111, 133, 136, 201, K 202, 204, 205, 215 Keratan sulfates, 8 , 29–30, 51, 129 Kindlins, 47–48 I , 27, 30, 127 IFs. See Intermediate filaments (IFs) IGF–1. See Insulin-like growth factor (IGF–1) L ILK. See Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) Lamellar cytoplasm, 24, 38, 40–43, 66–69, Inactivation, 3, 99, 108, 111, 112, 201 71–78, 80–81, 122, 125, 130, 154, 165, INK4a tumor suppressor gene, 200, 205 167–170, 172, 173, 176, 181 Inositol triphosphate (IP3), 92–94, 193 Lamellipodia, 14, 18, 37, 38, 40–42, 44, 45, Inside-out signaling, 100 50, 64–66, 78–81, 83, 103, 104, Insulin-like growth factor (IGF–1), 96, 136 122–127, 129, 130, 133–134, 152, 205 Integrin activation, 47, 48, 50, 90, 106, Laminin(s), 1, 4, 8, 9, 45, 47, 52, 90, 109, 131, 109, 192 134, 135, 214 Integrin affinity, 48, 50 Laminin isoforms, 45, 109, 131, 135 Integrin cytoplasmic domains, 47 , 30 Integrin extracellular domains, 47, 48 Leading cell edge, 40, 94, 121–123, 125, 126, Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), 48, 50, 198 128, 130, 131 Integrin-mediated cell adhesion, Leiomodin (Lmod), 16, 17 48, 99, 130 Ligand-receptor interaction, 91–93 Integrin-mediated cell-matrix adhesion, Ligands, 8, 47, 48, 57, 88–91, 93–95, 100, 47, 49, 57, 99, 134 109, 123, 131, 134, 135, 214 Integrin-mediated signaling, 90, 94, 101 LIM protein kinases, 102, 103 Integrin receptors, 8, 9, 45, 47, 48, 52, 57, 90, Lmod. See Leiomodin (Lmod) 92, 94–96, 100, 109–111, 123, 131, Locomotion, 2, 4, 94, 112, 121, 123, 125, 127, 134, 177, 203, 214 128, 130, 133, 134, 136, 137, 161, 180, Integrins, 8, 45, 57, 121, 152, 177, 187, 214 185, 196 Integrin trafficking, 45, 131 “Locomotory phenotype,” 122, 214 Intercellular adhesion, 2, 13, 90, 128, 129, 131, 135, 136, 185–187, 189–193, 195, 196, 198, 203, 204, 213 M Intermediate filaments (IFs), 13, 14, 29–30, Maculae adherens. See Desmosomes 51, 129, 187 (desmosomal junctions) Invadopodia, 37, 44, 51–52, 109, 112 MAP kinases. See Mitogen activated protein Invasion, 4, 10, 13, 37, 52, 109, 111, 112, 121, kinases (MAP kinases) 129, 132–136, 154, 161, 185, 200–203, Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), 45, 52, 205, 213–215 106, 109, 112, 131, 135, 214 Ion channel receptors, 89, 91 Matrix tension state, 108 IP3. See Inositol triphosphate (IP3) Mdm2 protein, 202 IQGAP1. See IQ motif-containing GTPase Mechanical forces, 27, 42, 105–108 activating protein1 (IQGAP1) Mechanical sensors, 49 IQ motif-containing GTPase activating Mechanosensory switches, 105 protein1 (IQGAP1), 194, 195, 204 Melanoma, 112, 136, 137, 202 Isometric tension, 49, 105, 112 Membrane transport, 93, 131 222 Index

Membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase II-driven contractility, 49, 50, 52, 102, (MT1-MMP), 112 105, 195, 203 Mesothelium, 145–148 (MLC), 19, 102 Metastasis, 10, 13, 52, 110, 112, 132, 133, , 19, 20, 24, 27, 49–52, 64, 71, 102, 135, 185, 213, 214 105, 125, 133–134, 192, 195, 203 Microcirculation system, 4 Microfibrils, 9 associated protein (XMAP215), N 27, 28 Nascent focal adhesions, 130 Microtubule catastrophes, 26, 50 Necl. See Nectin-like (Necl) protein Microtubule dynamics, 28 Nectin-like (Necl) protein, 128 Microtubule growth, 26, 103, 126 Nectins, 128, 189–190 Microtubule-organizing center. See Neovascularization, 136, 215 Centrosome , 30 Microtubule plus-end tracking proteins, 28, 126 , 30 Microtubules, 13, 14, 16, 24–30, 42, 49–50, Nidogens, 1, 9 69, 71, 102–105, 107, 123, 125–127, Nischarin, 132 129, 131, 132, 152, 161, 192, 205 Nocodazole, 107, 126 Microtubule shrinkage, 26 Nonmotor proteins, 27–29 Microtubule system, 104, 126, 192 Notch receptors, 48 Microtubule targeting, 29, 50, 127, 129, 131, NPF. See Nucleation-promoting factors (NPF) 132, 192 Nucleation, 16, 17, 21, 27, 28, 50, 124 Microvilli, 57, 58, 60, 61, 69, 72, 80, 84, 86, 87 Nucleation-promoting factors (NPF), 16 Migration, 1, 2, 7, 8, 10, 13, 17–19, 24, 28, 29, Nucleators, 16–17, 123 37, 42, 47, 48, 51, 52, 57, 88–94, 101, Nucleus, 17, 25, 30, 48, 50, 91, 94, 96, 106, 105, 106, 121–137, 153, 161–165, 167, 196–198, 201, 204, 205 178–180, 185, 188, 196, 202, 203, 205, N-WASP. See Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome 213 protein (WASP) family Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAP kinases), 96, 97, 99, 110, 133, 177 Mitogens, 3, 57, 95–97, 99, 106, 110–112, O 132–134, 177, 214, 215 Occludin, 185, 186 Mitogens-motogens, 128–130, 133, 135–137 Occluding junctions. See Zonula occludens Mitosis, 28–29, 37 (occluding junctions) Mitotic cycle, 13, 84, 96 Oligosaccharides, 1, 7 Mitotic spindle, 24, 25, 27, 28 Oncoproteins, 3, 109, 110 MLC. See Myosin light chain (MLC) Orientation, 2, 52, 104, 108, 121, 125, MLC phosphatase, 19, 102 126, 153, 158, 161, 167, 177–180, MMP. See Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 195, 203 Mobility, 134, 136 Outside-in signaling, 48, 50, 95, 100, Morphogenic signaling, 100–105, 129, 192–194, 197 132–134, 177, 214, 215 Overexpression, 52, 133, 135, 136, 205 Motogenic signaling, 128, 133 Motogens, 128–130, 133, 135–137, 169 Motor proteins, 19, 27–28, 127, 192 P Movement, 24, 27, 28, 47, 71, 91, 121, P21-activated kinase (PAK), 96, 103, 104, 132 122, 127, 131, 134, 164 P21 protein, 133–134 MT1-MMP. See Membrane type 1-matrix P27/KIP1 tumor suppressor gene, 99, 200, 205 metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) P53 tumor suppressor gene, 17, 99, 100, 111, MTOC. See Centrosome 129–130, 134, 200, 205 Mutations, 3, 10, 30, 109–112, 136, 200–202, p120-Catenin, 128, 189, 191–193, 196, 202, 204 204–205 P130 Cas (Cas) protein, 95, 105, 106, 131, 133 , 106–108 P140 Cas. See Cas-associated protein Myosin II, 19, 20, 24, 51, 64, 125, 192 PAK. See P21-activated kinase (PAK) Index 223

Pannexins, 186 Podosomes, 37, 44, 51–52 Particularly interesting new cystein-histidine Pointed ends, 17–19, 23 rich (PINCH) protein, 48 Polarization, 29, 47, 66, 69–74, 78, 107, Parvin, 48 121, 123, 126–127, 129, 145, 151, Paxillin, 47, 49–52, 95 157, 179 P-cadherin. See Placental cadherin Polymerization, 13, 14, 16–18, 21, 24–29, 42, (P-cadherin) 44, 49, 50, 52, 87, 102–104, 123, 124, PDGF. See Platelet-derived growth factor 126, 127, 129, 193 (PDGF) , 17, 23, 24, 102 , 30 Proliferation, 2–4, 7, 10, 13, 48, 57, 88–90, Phagocytosis, 42 92–94, 96, 99–101, 105, 106, 108, Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) 110–112, 123, 128, 129, 135–137, protein/lipid phosphatase, 99, 111 152, 153, 177, 180, 185–187, Phosphatidylinositol (PI), 93 196–205, 213 Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), 93, 96, Protein-carbohydrate complexes, 1, 7 98, 99, 101, 110, 111, 193 Protein kinase A (PKA), 93 Phosphatidylinositol biphosphate (PIP2), Protein kinase B (PKB, PKB/Akt), 98–100, 93–94, 103, 191 111, 132, 193, 194, 204 Phosphatidylinositol kinase (PIK), 93 Protein kinase C (PKC), 94 Phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase (PIPK), Protein kinases, 88, 91–92, 98, 110, 125, 93–94, 103, 191 186, 198 Phosphatidylinositol triphosphate (PIP3), Protein phosphatases, 92 93–94, 98, 99, 193 Proteoglycans, 1, 4, 7–8, 10, 90 Phosphoinositides (PIPs), 92, 93, 191 Proteolysis, 48, 52 Phospholipase C, 94 Protofilaments, 24–25 Phosphorylation, 19, 48, 91–92 Proto-oncogenes, 2–3, 109, 110, 133, 136, PI. See Phosphatidylinositol (PI) 198, 200, 201, 204, 205, 213 PI3K. See Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) Protrusions, 18, 28, 42, 44, 57, 58, 60, 69, 70, PIK. See Phosphatidylinositol kinase (PIK) 80, 82, 84, 101, 104, 121, 123–125 PINCH. See Particularly interesting new Pseudopodia, 10, 13, 24, 29, 37–52, 64, 66, cystein-histidine rich (PINCH) protein 69, 71, 78, 101, 104, 105, 121–123, Pinocytosis, 42 125–130, 132–134, 151 PIP2. See Phosphatidylinositol biphosphate Pseudopodial activity, 64, 69, 71, 72, 80, 122, (PIP2) 127–130, 133–134, 145, 151, 196 PIP3. See Phosphatidylinositol triphosphate PTEN. See Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PIP3) (PTEN) protein/lipid phosphatase PIPK. See Phosphatidylinositol phosphate Pushing force, 123, 125, 129 kinase (PIPK) PKA. See Protein kinase A (PKA) PKB. See Protein kinase B (PKB) R PKB/Akt. See Protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) Rab. See Rab GTPases PKC. See Protein kinase C (PKC) Rab GTPases, 131, 186 Placental cadherin (P-cadherin), 187, 202 Rac1-activating protein (Asef), 103, 125–127, , 30, 51 129, 131, 133, 193, 195 . See Gamma-catenin (g-catenin ) Rac–1-specific exchange factor (Tiam1), 193 , 187 Rac GTPase, 101, 103, 129, 133, 193 Plasma membrane, 18, 45, 51, 52, 89–91, 93, Radial spreading, 64–69, 74–77, 154, 156 99, 101, 123–126, 185, 186 Raf. See Raf protein kinases Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), 96, Raf protein kinases, 98, 110 110, 128, 136, 190 Rap1 GTPase, 48, 106, 192, 193, 202 , 30, 51 Ras. See Ras GTPases Plexin receptors, 132 Ras GTPases, 90, 92, 95–96, 98, 101, 110, Plexins, 132 129, 133 Plus-end, 14, 25–28, 50, 102, 125–126, 132, 192 R-cadherin. See Retinal cadherin (R-cadherin) 224 Index

Receptors, 7–9, 18, 45, 47, 48, 52, 57, 88–91, Stretch force, 49, 106 93–111, 121, 123, 128–132, 134–136, Substratum, 2, 4, 42, 145, 151, 153, 155–162, 177, 180, 185–187, 190–194, 198, 165, 167, 172, 177, 180 201–203, 214–215 Substratum dependence, 2, 4, 100, 101, Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), 89, 90, 96, 108, 112 110, 203 Surface relief, 57–63, 69, 70, 72, 80, Retinal cadherin (R-cadherin), 187 82–87 Retraction, 37, 40, 66, 128, 131, 132, 168, 170 Surface topography, 153–154, 161, 172, Retrograde flow, 24, 125, 130 177, 180 RGD sequence, 9, 45 Survival, 2, 4, 7, 10, 13, 48, 57, 88, 90, 92, 94, Rho. See Rho GTPases 99, 100, 112 Rho-associated kinase (ROCK). See Rho Suspended state, 4, 42, 57–64, 69, 80, 84, kinase 109, 213 Rho family of GTPases. See Rho GTPases Syncoilin. See Desmuslin Rho GTPases, 19, 24, 29, 44, 47, 69, 92, 93, Syndecans, 8, 90 101, 105, 106, 125, 126, 129, 132, 133, . See Desmuslin 186, 193–196 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF-H1), 49, 126 T Rho kinase, 102, 133–134 , 47–48, 52, 105, 109 ROCK. See Rho kinase Taxol, 29, 126 RTK. See Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) T-cell factor/lymphocyte-enhancer factor Ruffles, 37, 39, 42–44, 58–60, 62, 66–69, (Tcf/Lef), 198, 199 78–81, 84, 94, 97, 125 Tcf/Lef. See T-cell factor/lymphocyte- enhancer factor (Tcf/Lef) Tenascin, 9–10, 106, 177 S Tensin, 47, 51, 95 Scar. See Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome protein Tension forces, 51, 128, 179, 180, 195 (WASP) family Tetraspanin-enriched microdomains, 131 Scatter factor. See Hepatic growth factor Tetraspanins, 131, 135 Second messengers, 92–94 TGF-a. See Transforming growth factor-a Semaphorins, 132 (TGF-a) Septins, 28 Tiam1. See Rac–1-specific exchange factor Serine/threonine kinases, 48, 88, 92–96, 98, (Tiam1) 99, 102, 103, 198 Tight junctions, 185–186, 189, 195 Signaling pathways, 48, 57, 88–108, 111, TIMP. See Tissue inhibitor of 112, 128, 130, 132–134, 177, 180, metalloproteinase (TIMP) 185, 191, 193–195, 197–199, 201, +TIP. See Microtubule plus-end tracking 203–205, 213 proteins Signal transduction, 2, 8, 57, 88–97, 99, 100, Tissue cells, 1–4, 7, 10, 37, 44, 45, 47, 57–112, 106, 110–112, 130, 133, 134, 136, 153, 177, 181, 184, 190, 200, 213 185–187, 194, 199, 200, 213, 214 Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP), Small GTPases, 19, 47, 49, 69, 90, 92, 93, 52 95, 101, 106, 131, 132, 186, 192, 193, Topography, 153–181 195, 202 Trafficking, 17, 99, 131, 191 actin (SMA), 106–107 Transcription factors, 93, 96, 110, 198 SNAIL1. See Transcription repressor of CDH1 Transcription repressor of CDH1 gene gene (SNAIL1) (SNAIL1), 202–204 Spire, 16–17 Transcription repressors, 202–204 Src protein kinase, 48, 95, 96, 109, 110, 125, Trans-dominant inhibition, 48 192, 193, 203 Transducers, 57, 100, 107, 108, 110 Stomata, 145, 148 Transformation, 2–4, 57, 74, 78, 80, 109, Stress fibers, 45, 49, 50, 52, 71, 78, 80, 102, 121, 132, 133, 153, 180, 181, 185, 105–109, 112, 129, 130, 133, 178, 179 200–205, 213 Index 225

Transformed cells, 3, 4, 58, 60, 63, 74–88, W 108–112, 132–137, 158–161, 163–167, WAF1. See P21 protein 172, 180, 200, 213 WASP homolog-associated protein with actin, Transforming growth factor-a (TGF-a), 136 membranes and microtubules Translocations, 3, 93, 121, 130, 198, 204, 205 (WHAMM), 16 Transport, 19, 27–29, 50, 84, 93, 127, 131, WASP-interacting protein (WIP), 16 134, 192 WASP/Scar. See Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome Tropomodulins, 17–19 protein (WASP) family , 17–19 WASP/WAVE. See Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome Tumor cells, 4, 52, 109, 111, 112, 132–137, protein (WASP) family 145, 148, 180, 185, 201–205, 213–214 WAVE. See Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome protein Tumor growth, 4, 136, 205, 214, 215 (WASP) family Tumor suppressor genes, 2, 3, 28, 99, 100, WHAMM. See WASP homolog-associated 108, 111, 112, 134 protein with actin, membranes and Tyrosine kinases, 48, 89, 92, 95, 96, 109, 110, microtubules (WHAMM) 192, 193, 203, 215 WIP. See WASP-interacting protein (WIP) Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family, 16, 21 V Wnt1 protein, 200 Vascular-endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), Wnt signaling, 129, 197–200, 204, 205 187 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), 96, 136, 215 X VE-cadherin. See Vascular-endothelial XMAP215. See Microtubule associated cadherin (VE-cadherin) protein (XMAP215) VEGF. See Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Villin, 17, 18 Z , 29, 30, 106, 129 ZO–1, ZO–2, ZO–3 proteins, 186, , 18, 47, 49, 51, 52, 109, 189 189, 195 Vitronectin, 48, 190 Zonula occludens (occluding junctions), 185 Void spaces, 167, 170, 172–175 Zyxin, 18, 106