DOCSLIB.ORG

Bhagat Singh, and Shivaram Rajguru, Whose Conspiracy Led to the Assassination of Deputy Superintendent of Police, J

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bhagat Singh, and Shivaram Rajguru, Whose Conspiracy Led to the Assassination of Deputy Superintendent of Police, J SWAPNIL SANSAR, ENGLISH WEEKLY,LUCKNOW, 21,MARCH, (07) Sukhdev Thapar, Freeom Fighter Sukhdev Thapar was an revolutionary. He was a senior member of Hindustan in New Delhi (8th April 1929), Sukhdev and his accomplices have been arrest - Socialist Republican Association. He was hanged on 23 March1931 at the age ed and convicted of their crime, going through the loss of life sentence as the of 23.Sukhdev Thapar, born (15 May 1907) in Ludhiana, Punjab, British India to verdict. On twenty-third March 1931, the 3 courageous revolutionaries, Bhagat Ramlal Thapar and Ralli Devi. Sukhdev's father died and he was brought up by Singh, Sukhdev Thapar and Shivaram Rajguru have been hanged, at the same his uncle Lala Achintram.Sukhdev Thapar was a member of the Hindustan time as their bodies were secretly cremated at the banks of the River Sutlej. Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), and organised revolutionary cells in Sukhdev Thapar turned into just 24 years vintage whilst he became a martyr for Punjab and other areas of North India.Sukhdev is best remembered for his his motherland, however, he will usually be remembered for his courage, patri - involvement in the Lahore Conspiracy Case of 18 December 1928 and its after - otism, and sacrifice of his existence for India's independence. Agency. math. He was an accomplice of Bhagat Singh, and Shivaram Rajguru, whose conspiracy led to the assassination of Deputy Superintendent of Police, J. P. Shivaram Hari Rajguru Saunders in 1928 in response to the vio - Shivaram Hari Rajguru was an revolutionary from Maharashtra, known mainly lent death of a veteran leader,On 23 March for his involvement in the assassination of a British Raj police officer.Rajguru 1931, the three men were hanged. Their was born (24 August 1908) at Khed, near Pune, in what was then British India. bodies were secretly cremated on the He was a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, who want - banks of the Satluj river. ed India to be freed from British rule by any means necessary. He believed that Sukhdev (1907-1931) was a ferocity against oppression was far more famous Indian revolutionary who 23rd. March 1931 effective against British rule than the non - played a crucial role in India's violent civil disobedience preferred by struggle for Independence. He is Mahatma Gandhi. amongst the most esteemeed Indian free - Rajguru dom fighters who sacrificed their lives for became a col - the liberty of their country. His complete league of name is Sukhdev Thapar and he was born Bhagat Singh on 15th May, 1907. His ancestral house is in Naughara Mohalla of Ludhiana and Sukhdev, town, Punjab, India. His father's call became Ram Lal. Since his youth, Sukhdev and took part had witnessed the brutal atrocities inflicted on India by the Imperial British Raj. in the assassi - This revolutionized him, and he vowed to set India free from the shackles of nation of a British dominion. Sukhdev Thapar was a member of the Hindustan Socialist British police Republican Association (HSRA) and organized innovative cells in Punjab and officer, J. P. different areas of North India. A devoted chief, he even went on to educate the Saunders, at young people at the National College in Lahore, especially about pre-colonial Lahore in India. With others, he began the 'Naujawan Bharat Sabha' at Lahore that 1928. Their become an agency involved in various activities, specifically gearing the actions were teenagers for the freedom conflict and ending communalism. Sukhdev himself to avenge the took lively element in numerous revolutionary activities just like the 'Prison death of Lala hunger strike' in 1929; however, he could always be remembered within the Lajpat Rai chronicles of the Indian Freedom Movement for his daring yet brave assaults in who had died the Lahore Conspiracy Case (18th December 1928), that shook the very a fortnight foundation of the British Government. Sukhdev was the associate of Bhagat after being hit Singh and Shivaram Rajguru, who had been concerned in the assassination of by police while on a march protesting the Simon Commission. The feeling was Deputy Superintendent of Police, J.P. Saunders in 1928, consequently aveng - that Rai's death resulted from the police action, although he had addressed a ing the death of a veteran leader, Lala Lajpat Rai, owing to immoderate police meeting later.The three men and 21 other co-conspirators were tried under the beating within the Conspiracy case. After the Central Assembly Hall bombings provisions of a regulation that was introduced in 1930 specifically for that pur - pose. All three were convicted of the charges and hanged on 23 March 1931. Contd.From Page No.01 They were cremated at Hussainiwala at the banks of the Sutlej river in the Ferozepur district of Punjab.His birthplace of Khed has since been renamed as Rajgurunagar in his honour. Rajguru Market, a shopping complex at Hisar, Bhagat Singh Haryana, was named in his honour in 1953. Agency. Lala Lajpat Rai, Bhagat Singh and his associates plotted the assassination of without the presence of the accused and was a one-sided trial that hardly James A. Scott, the Superintendent of Police, believed to have ordered the lathi adhered to the normal legal rights guidelines. charge. The revolutionaries, mistaking J.P. Saunders, an Assistant The tribunal delivered its 300-page judgement on 7 October 1930. It declared Superintendent of Police, as Scott, killed him instead. Bhagat Singh quickly left that irrefutable proof has been presented confirming the involvement of Singh, Lahore to escape his arrest. To avoid recognition, he shaved his beard and cut Sukhdev and Rajguru in the Saunders murder. Singh admitted to the murder his hair, a violation of the sacred tenets of Sikhism.In response to the and made statements against the British rule during the trial. They were formulation of Defence of India Act, the Hindustan Socialist Republican sentenced to be hanged till death.On March 23, 1931, 7:30 am, Bhagat Singh Association planned to explode a bomb inside the assembly premises, where was hanged in Lahore Jail with his comrades Rajguru and Sukhdev. It is said the ordinance was going to be passed. On April 8 1929, Bhagat Singh and that the trio proceeded quite cheerfully towards the gallows while chanting their Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb onto the corridors of the assembly, shouted favourite slogans like “Inquilab Zindabad” and “Down with British Imperialism”. 'Inquilab Zindabad!' and threw pamphlet outlining their missive into the air. The Singh and his peers were cremated at Hussainiwala on the banks of Sutlej bomb was not meant to kill or injure anyone and therefore it was thrown away River.From a very young age patriotism had taken its seed in Bhagat Singh’s from the crowded place, but still several council members were injured in the conscience. He grew up to appreciate nationalism and crave a British-free commotion. Following the blasts both Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt independent India. Extensive nreading of European literature propelled him courted arrest towards forming a socialist outlook strongly desiring a democratic future for his The dramatic demonstration of protest was met with widespread beloved country. Although born a Sikh, Bhagat Singh veered towards Atheism criticisms from the political arena. Singh responded “Force when aggressively after witnessing severa Hindu-Muslim riots and other religious outbreaks. Singh applied is 'violence' and is, therefore, morally unjustifiable, but when it is used believed that something as precious as Independence can only be achieved by in the furtherance of a legitimate cause, it has its moral justification.”Trial a thorough cleansing of the exploitative nature of imperialism. proceedings commenced in May where Singh sought to defend himself, while He opined that such change can only be brought forwardby means of an armed Batukeshwar Dutt was represented by Afsar Ali. The court ruled in favour of a revolution, in similar lines to the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. He introduced life sentence citing malicious and unlawful intent of the explosions.Soon after the slogan “Inquilab Zindabad” which sort of transformed into the war cry of the the sentencing, the police raided the HSRA bomb factories in Lahore and Indian Independence movement.Bhagat Singh, his intense patriotism coupled arrested several prominent revol utionaries. Three individuals, Hans Raj Vohra, with cultivated idealism, made him an ideal icon for the youth of his generation. Jai Gopal and Phanindra Nath Ghosh turned approver for the Government Through his written and vocal admonition of the British Imperial Government, he which led to a total of 21 arrests including those of Sukhdev, Jatindra Nath Das became the voice of his generation. His vehement departure from the and Rajguru. Bhagat Singh was re-arrested for the Lahore Conspiracy case, Gandhian non-violent route to Swaraj has often been criticized by many, yet murder of Assistant Superintendent Saunders and bomb manufacturing.Trial through the fearless embracing of martyrdom he inspired hundreds of teens and started against 28 accused in a special session court presided over by Judge youths to join the freedom struggle wholeheartedly. His eminence in current Rai Sahib Pandit Sri Kishen, on July 10, 1929. Meanwhile, Singh and his fellow times is evident from the fact that Bhagat Singh was voted as the Greatest inmates declared an indefinite hunger strike in protest of the prejudiced Indian, ahead of Subhash Chandra Bose and Mahatma Gandhi, in a poll difference in treatment of the white versus native prisoners and demanded to be conducted by India Today in 2008. recognised as ‘political prisoners’. The inspiration that Bhagat Singh still ignites within the soul of Indians can be The hunger strike received tremendous attention from the press and gathered felt in the popularity of the films and theatrical adaptations on his life.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Modern India 1857-1972 [Rai Foundation Final]
    Subject: MODERN INDIA (1857 – 1969) Credits: 4 SYLLABUS Historical background – British rule and its legacies, National movement, Partition and Independence Origins and goals of the Indian National Congress, Formation of the Muslim League Roles played by Gandhi, Nehru, Jinnah and the British in the development of the Movement for independence Challenges faced by the Government of India, Making the Constitution, Political, Economic and Social developments from 1950-1990, The Nehru Years – challenges of modernization and diversity, Brief on Indira Gandhi Developments post-1990, Economic liberalization, Rise of sectarianism and caste based politics, Challenges to internal security Foreign Policy: post – Nehru years, Pakistan and Kashmir, Nuclear policy, China and the U. S. Suggested Readings: 1. Ramachandra Guha, Makers of Modern India, Belknap Press 2. Akash Kapur, India Becoming: A Portrait of Life in Modern India, Riverhead Hardcover 3. Bipin Chandra, History Of Modern India, Orient Blackswan 4. Barbara D. Metcalf, Thomas R. Metcalf, A Concise History of Modern India, Cambridge University Press CHAPTER 1 IMPERIALISM, COLONIALISM AND NATIONALISM STRUCTURE Learning objectives Imperialism and colonialism: A theoretical perspective Imperialism: Its effects The rise of national consciousness The revolt of 1857 Colonialism: The new administrative system - pre and post 1857 Consolidation of the Raj: Frontier and foreign policy Review questions LEARNING OBJECTIVES After going through this Unit you will be able to learn: What is colonialism, its
    [Show full text]
  • Nationalism in India Lesson
    DC-1 SEM-2 Paper: Nationalism in India Lesson: Beginning of constitutionalism in India Lesson Developer: Anushka Singh Research scholar, Political Science, University of Delhi 1 Institute of Lifelog learning, University of Delhi Content: Introducing the chapter What is the idea of constitutionalism A brief history of the idea in the West and its introduction in the colony The early nationalists and Indian Councils Act of 1861 and 1892 More promises and fewer deliveries: Government of India Acts, 1909 and 1919 Post 1919 developments and India’s first attempt at constitution writing Government of India Act 1935 and the building blocks to a future constitution The road leading to the transfer of power The theory of constitutionalism at work Conclusion 2 Institute of Lifelog learning, University of Delhi Introduction: The idea of constitutionalism is part of the basic idea of liberalism based on the notion of individual’s right to liberty. Along with other liberal notions,constitutionalism also travelled to India through British colonialism. However, on the one hand, the ideology of liberalism guaranteed the liberal rightsbut one the other hand it denied the same basic right to the colony. The justification to why an advanced liberal nation like England must colonize the ‘not yet’ liberal nation like India was also found within the ideology of liberalism itself. The rationale was that British colonialism in India was like a ‘civilization mission’ to train the colony how to tread the path of liberty.1 However, soon the English educated Indian intellectual class realised the gap between the claim that British Rule made and the oppressive and exploitative reality of colonialism.Consequently,there started the movement towards autonomy and self-governance by Indians.
    [Show full text]
  • Civil Disobedience Movement in India
    Course Name- B.A.L.L.B. IInd Sem. Subject- History Teacher- Dr. Niru Jain Topic- Emergence of Mahatma Gandhi Civil Disobedience Movement in India The Civil Disobedience Movement was one of the most significant movements launched by Mahatma Gandhi in the course of India’s freedom struggle. Causes of Civil Disobedience Movement There were three main causes of the civil disobedience movement: 1 Formation of the Simon Commission 2. Demand for Dominion Status 3. Protests against the arrest of social revolutionaries Formation of the Simon Commission In November 1927 the British government in the UK constituted the Indian Statutory Commission, popularly known as the Simon Commission after the name of its Chairman to recommend further Constitutional reforms in India. However, no Indian was nominated as a member of the commission that resulted in outrage against the All-White commission in India since this action of the British government, which excluded Indians from the Simon Commission, implied that Indians were not fit to decide the next course of constitutional reforms. Consequently, there were huge demonstrations and strikes in different cities of India wherever the commission visited. Demand for Dominion Status In the Calcutta session of Indian National Congress (INC) of December 1928, a demand for dominion status (Swaraj) was raised and a period of one year was given to the British Indian government to accept the Congress demands failing which nothing short of complete Independence from foreign rule would become the primary objective of the Congress and a Civil Disobedience movement under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi would be launched to realise this objective.
    [Show full text]
  • BA III, Paper VI, Anuradha Jaiswal Phase 1 1) Anusilan S
    Revolutionaries In India (Indian National Movement) (Important Points) B.A III, Paper VI, Anuradha Jaiswal Phase 1 1) Anusilan Samiti • It was the first revolutionary organisation of Bengal. • Second Branch at Baroda. • Their leader was Rabindra Kumar Ghosh • Another important leader was P.Mitra who was the actual leader of the group. • In 1908, the samiti published a book called Bhawani Mandir. • In 1909 they published Vartaman Ranniti. • They also published a book called Mukti Kon Pathe (which way lie salvation) • Barindra Ghosh tried to explore a bomb in Maniktala in Calcutta. • Members – a) Gurudas Banerjee. b) B.C.Pal • Both of them believed in the cult of Durga. • Aurobindo Ghosh started Anushilan Samiti in Baroda. • He sent Jatindra Nath Banerjee to Calcutta and his association merged with Anusilan Samiti in Calcutta. 2) Prafull Chaki and Khudi Ram Bose • They tried to kill Kings Ford, Chief Presidency Magistrate, who was a judge at Muzaffarpur in Bihar but Mrs Kennedy and her daughter were killed instead in the blast. • Prafulla Chaki was arrested but he shot himself dead and Khudiram was hanged. This bomb blast occurred on 30TH April 1908. 3) Aurobindo Ghosh and Barindra Ghosh • They were arrested on May 2, 1908. • Barindra was sentenced for life imprisonment (Kalapani) and Aurobindo Ghosh was acquitted. • This conspiracy was called Alipore conspiracy. • The conspiracy was leaked by the authorities by Narendra Gosain who was killed by Kanhiya Lal Dutta and Satyen Bose within the jail compound. 4. Lala Hardayal, Ajit Singhand &Sufi Amba Prasad formed a group at Saharanpur in 1904. 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Winmeen.Com 2021 MAR 31 CURRENT AFFAIRS
    winmeen.com 2021 MAR 31 1. Which country is set to re–establish the Homeland Security ✓ India has been ranked 40 on the latest annual edition of the Dialogue with India? International Intellectual Property (IP) Index. The IP index is released annually by the US Chamber of Commerce Global Innovation Policy A) Japan Centre (GIPC). It assesses the Intellectual Property rights in 53 global B) USA economies in several areas from patent and copyright policies to C) United Kingdom commercialisation of IP assets etc. D) Russia 6. What is “Manyamkonda Jatara”, that is seen in the news ✓ India and the U.S. have recently agreed to re–establish the U.S.– India recently? Homeland Security Dialogue, as per the announcement of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The Dialogue aims to discuss A) Ancient Harappan Site important issues such as cybersecurity and emerging technology. It B) Buddhist Vihara also aims to address violent extremism. The first Homeland Security C) Interstate Religious Festival Dialogue between the two countries was held in 2011. D) Pre–Independence Movement 2. The Union Minster of Education has inaugurated the Shaheed ✓ Manyamkonda Jatara is an interstate religious festival of Andhra Bhagat Singh Smarak in which state/UT? Pradesh and Odisha. This festival involves shifting idols from Odisha to Andhra at Polluru village in Mothugudem mandal of East Godavari A) Punjab District. Incidents of untoward incidents and left–wing extremisms B) New Delhi have been reported in the past during this festival. C) Uttar Pradesh ✓ But, due to abundant precautionary measures, this year’s festival went on peacefully.
    [Show full text]
  • For the Dividend Declared for the Financial Year 2012-13 As on 12.09.2017
    List of Unclaimed Shareholders: For the dividend declared for the Financial Year 2012-13 as on 12.09.2017 FOLIO NO NAME ADDRESS AMT A04314 A B FONTES 104 IVTH CROSS KALASIPALYAM NEW EXTENSION BANGALORE BANGALORE,KARNATAKA,PIN-560002,INDIA 25 A17671 A C SRAJAN 66 LUZ CHURCH ROAD MYLAPORE CHENNAI CHENNAI,TAMIL NADU,PIN-600004,INDIA 180 D00252 A DHAKSHINAMOORTHY PARTNER V M C TRADERS STOCKISTS OF A C LTD 6/10 MARIAMMAN KOIL RAMANATHAPURAM DT RAMANATHAPURAM RAMNAD,TAMIL NADU,PIN-623501,INDIA 90 A02076 A JANARDHAN 8/1101 SESHAGIRINIVAS NEW ROAD COCHIN COCHIN ERNAKULAM,KERALA,PIN-682002,INDIA 25 A02270 A K BHATTACHARYA UNITED COMMERCIAL BANK MATA ANANDA NAGAR SHIVALA HOSPITAL VARANASI U P VARANASI,UTTAR PRADESH,PIN-221001,INDIA 25 A03705 A K NARAYANA C/O A K KESAUACHAR 451 TENTH CROSS GIRINAGAR SECOND PHASE BANGALORE BANGALORE,KARNATAKA,PIN-560085,INDIA 25 P00351 A K RAMACHANDRAPRABHU 'PAVITRA' NO 949 24TH MAIN ROAD J P NAGAR II PHASE BANGALORE BANGALORE,KARNATAKA,PIN-560078,INDIA 360 A17411 A KALPAKAM NARAYAN C/O V KAMESWARARAO 7-6-108 ENUGULAMALAL STREET SRIKAKULAM (A.P.) SRIKAKULAM,ANDHRA PRADESH,PIN-532001,INDIA 18 A03555 A LAKSHMINARAYANA C/O G ARUNACHALAM RANA PLOT NO 30 LEPAKSHI COLONY WEST MARREDPALLY SECUNDERABAD HYDERABAD,ANDHRA PRADESH,PIN-500026,INDIA 25 A04366 A M DAVID 1 MISSION COMPOUND AJMER ROAD JAIPUR JAIPUR,RAJASTHAN,PIN-302006,INDIA 25 M00394 A MURUGESAN 3 A D BLOCK V G RAO NAGAR EXTENSION KATPADI P O VELLORE N A A DT VELLORE NORTH ARCOT,TAMIL NADU,PIN-632007,INDIA 23 A17672 A N VENKATALAKSHMI 361 XI A CROSS 29TH MAIN J
    [Show full text]
  • JATINDRA NATH DAS -Alias- JATIN DAS
    JATINDRA NATH DAS -alias- JATIN DAS. Birth : 27 th October 1904. Death : 13 th September 1929. Father : Mr. Bankim Behari Das. Mother : Mrs. Suhashini Devi. SHAHID JATINDAS ?By : Mr. Ranjit Roy (Bengali Teacher, Belgharia Jatin Das Vidyamandir for Boys) resides at Birati. The main article was published in ‘NABANKUR’ school magazine for the year 2004-2005 in Bengali. A MARTIAL REVOLUTIONARY PATRIOT OF INDIA Translated By : Mr. Prasenjit Kumar Das, Jatin Das Nagar, Belgharia. In 1757 at Pallashir the faith of Bengal and India, in larger context was held after the betray of Mirzafar, Umichand, Iyerlatif, Jagatseth but this land not only gave birth of betrayer Mirzafar but also gave birth of many patriots like Khudiram, Bhagat Singh, Baghajatin and Jatin Das. These great patriots taught us about nationalism, patriot ship, how to sacrifice for others. They http://www.indianactsinbengali.wordpress.com 1 have tried their best to uphold the head of a unified, independent and united nation. Let us discuss about one of them, Jatin Das and his great sacrifice towards the nation. on 27 th October 1904 Jatin Das (alias Jatindra Nath Das) came to free the nation from the bondage of the British Rulers. He born at his Mother’s house at Sikdar Bagan. He was the first child of father Bankim Behari Das and mother Suhashini Devi. After birth the newborn did not cried for some time then the child cried loudly, it seems that the little one was busy in enchanting the speeches of motherland but when he saw that his motherland is crying for her bondage the little one cant stop crying.
    [Show full text]
  • CURRENT AFFAIRS (MARCH,2020) NATIONAL NEWS PM-CARES Fund • Prime Minister’S Citizen Assistance and Relief in Emergency Situations (PM- CARES) Fund
    CURRENT AFFAIRS (MARCH,2020) NATIONAL NEWS PM-CARES Fund • Prime Minister’s Citizen Assistance and Relief in Emergency Situations (PM- CARES) fund. • It is a dedicated fund with the primary objective to deal with threats like COVID-19. • Prime Minister of India is the Chairman of the trust. The other members of the trust include Finance Minister, Home Minister and Defence Minister. • Funds being donated to the PM-CARES is to be exempted from tax under Section 80(G) of the Income Tax Act Bi-monthly Monetary Policy Statement • In view of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) decided to advance its meeting scheduled for 31st March, 1st and 3rd April 2020. • It met on 24th, 26th and 27th March Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) at its meeting on March 27, 2020 decided following changes- • Reduce the policy Repo Rate by 75 basis points to 4.40% from 5.15%; • Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) rate and the Bank Rate stand reduced to 4.65% from 5.40%; • Reverse Repo Rate reduced by 90 basis points to 4.0 % from 4.9%. • The Cash Reserve Ratio was cut by 100 bps to 3% of NTDL (Net Time and Demand Liabilities). Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY) ❖ On 26th March,2020,Rs 1.70 Lakh Crore relief package under Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana was announced • Healthcare Workers: Insurance cover of ₹50 lakh • Food grains to Poor: 80 crore poor people under National Food Security Act will receive five kg extra wheat or rice and 1 kg of pulses • MGNREGA workers (13.63 crore): Wage increased from ₹182/day to ₹202/day • Jan Dhan Women
    [Show full text]
  • KOLKATA MC ULB CODE: 79 Ward No
    BPL LIST-KOLKATA MUNICIPAL CORPORATION Ward No: 088 ULB Name :KOLKATA MC ULB CODE: 79 Member Sl Address Name of Family Head Son/Daughter/Wife of BPL ID Year No Male Female Total 1 MATHOR PARA ROAD 94 TALLYGUNGE ROAD A. P. HELA R. L. HELA 2 5 7 1 2 CHANDRA MONDAL LANE 17 CHANDRA MONDAL LANE ABHA SARKAR SUSIL SARKAR 2 1 3 2 3 100 TALLYGUNGE ROAD ACHO CHAKHALIYA LATE KRISHNA CHAKHALIYA 2 4 6 3 4 17 CHANDRA MONDAL LANE ADAR MONDAL LATE MATHUN MONDAL 0 1 1 4 5 17 CHANDRA MONDAL LANE KOL 26 ADHIR GHOSH LT AKSHAY GHOSH 2 4 6 5 6 17 CHANDRA MONDAL LANE ADHIR MONDAL LATE DURGA MONDAL 1 0 1 6 7 19A PRATAP ADITYA PLACE KOL-26 ADHIR PRAMANICK LT UPEN PRAMANICK 3 2 5 7 8 11/1/M GOPAL BANERJEE LANE AJAY DAS LATE LALIT KR.DAS 2 2 4 8 9 13 BAULI MONDAL ROAD AJAY GHOSH LATE ANIL GHOSH 3 1 4 9 10 54 TALLYGUNGE ROAD AJAY SAMANTA LATE MITHILAL SAMANTA 2 2 4 10 11 37 NEPAL BHATTACHARYA 1ST LANE AJAY SINGH LATE LOK SINGH 3 1 4 11 12 CHANDRA MONDAL LANE 17 CHANDRA MONDAL LANE AJIT DAS LT K. L. DAS 3 1 4 12 13 16A CHANDRA MONDAL LANE KOL-26 AJIT KARMAKAR LT SUDHIR KARMAKAR 4 3 7 14 14 TALLYGUNGE ROAD 108 TALLYGUNGE ROAD AJOY PRASD RAMDEB PRASAD 7 6 10+ 15 15 S.P. MUKHERJEE ROAD 200H S.P. MUKHERJEE ROAD KOL-26 ALAOK BOSE LT.
    [Show full text]
  • Sunday Indian, Alan Clements Discusses Suu
    GA N D H I IN TH E 21 S T C E NT U R Y GANDHI – THE IDEA… …WHOSE TIME HAS COME...OR GONE? istorians of the did not take up’ says his nephew, Abhey future, I believe, Singh Sandhu (See the story on page on will look upon Bhagat Singh) – parted ways. this century not Dr. Douglas Allen, Professor of Phi- as the atomic losophy at the University of Maine who age but as the is writing a book on the Mahatma pro- age of Gandhi." - Eknath Easwaran. vides an intriguing perspective, ‘Espe- ‘EveryH Indian city has a Mahatma Gan- cially relevant and significant today is a ‘dhi Road. Almost. But how many actu- greatly misunderstood position from ally walk down the road that the Ma- the non-violent Gandhi. Rather insist- hatma illuminated through his ing on some utopian, absolutist posi- thoughts and credo? Over generalised tion, Gandhi grants a surprising and simplified, Gandhi has been re- number of cases in which there are no duced to a synonym for non-violence good non-violent alternatives and vio- without any attempt at understanding lence is necessary. But we should never the brushstrokes of thoughts that glorify such violence. The fact that we panned the Gandhian canvas and may need to resort to violence is tragic, their nuanced hues that today, more should sadden us, and is an indication than ever, need to be revisited under of human failure.’ new light. Today, Gandhi’s philosophy perme- Gandhi’s firm backing of his basic ates pop culture in a relatively superfi- principles – that of ahimsa and satyag- cial manner like Raj Kumar Hirani’s raha – were evident in his calling off the "Lage Raho Munnabhai" or tongue-in- non-cooperation movement after an cheek Gandhigiri cards.
    [Show full text]
  • Yashpal (Yaśpāl)
    Yashpal (Yaśpāl) Leben: Neben Agyeya und Jainendra Kumar zählt Yashpal (1903-1976) zu den drei „Revoluzzer-Autoren“ der Hindi-Literatur, die in ihren Werken den Kampf um die Unabhängigkeit in den 1930er bis 1950er Jahren verarbeiteten. Yashpal wurde 1903 in Firozpur (Panjab, Nordindien) Briefmarke zum Gedenken an Yashpal (2003) geboren. In seiner Jugend war er überzeugter Gandhi- Anhänger und warb als Aktivist unter der Landbevölkerung für die Non-Cooperation- Bewegung. Später, während seiner Zeit als Student am Punjab National College (Lahore) wandte er sich aus Enttäuschung über die Politik des Indian National Congress der radikale- ren Bewegung der Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) zu, die den gewalt- samen Widerstand als den wirkungsvolleren Weg zur Befreiung Indiens von den Briten pro- klamierte. Auf dem College lernte er Bhagat Singh und Sukhdev Thapar kennen, zwei wichti- ge Mitglieder der HSRA, die später als Märtyrer-Revolutionäre Berühmtheit erlangen sollten. Zwischen 1932 und 1938 saß er wegen eines versuchten Bombenanschlags in Haft. Neben seiner Tätigkeit als Aktivist und vielfach ausgezeichneter Autor war er auch Journalist, Kriti- ker, Herausgeber, Dramatiker und Übersetzer. Werk: Yashpal wird in der Nachfolge Premchands gesehen, weil er über die Ungerechtigkeiten in- nerhalb der indischen Gesellschaft schrieb. Jedoch verband er seinen sozialkritischen Realis- mus stärker mit urbanen Themen und marxistischen Sichtweisen, die das neu erweckte Klas- senbewusstsein, die Aufdeckung religiöser Doppelmoral und Kastenvorurteile ins Zentrum stellten. Seine Sympathien für den Marxismus dürften auch ein Grund dafür sein, warum viele seiner Werke ins Russische übersetzt worden sind. Der Roman Dada Kamred (1941) handelt etwa von indischen Kommunisten in den späten 1930er und frühen 1940er Jahren und setzt sich kritisch mit Fragen des gewaltsamen Widerstands sowie mit dem moralischen Dilemma auseinander, die Familie für die Revolution zu verlassen.
    [Show full text]
  • Major Civilizations of the World Include S Indhu S Araswati, Vedic, Egyptian, Babylonian, Chinese, Roman and Greek Civilizations
    1 Chapter - 1 M ajor Civilizations of the Wor l d 1.0 Aim 1.1 Preface 1.2 Origin of Man and Development . 1.2.1 Questions for Exercise 1.3. Sindhu Saraswati Civilization 1.3.1 Saraswati River 1.3.2 Indus Architecture 1. Town Planning 2. Great Bath and Great Grannary 3. Great Reservoir and Stadium 4. Great Dockyard. 1.3.3 Other Arts of Indus. Saraswati Civilization 1.3.4 Indus Script 1.3.5 Science 1.3.6 Economic Life. 1.3.7 Social Life 1.3.8 Religious life 1.3.9 Political Life 1.3.10 Cremation of the Dead 1.3.11 Questions for Exercise 1.4. Vedic Civilization 1. 4 .1 Language and Literary Richness 1.4.2 Political System 1.4.3 Social Life 1.4.4 Economic Life 1.4.5 Religious Life 1.4.6 Knowledge and Science 1.4.7 Questions for Exercise. 1.5. Ancient Civilization of Egypt 1.5.1 Political System 1.5.2 Social Condition 1.5.3 Economic Condition 1.5.4 Religious Life 1.5.5 Art 1.5.6 Knowledge and Science 1.5.7 Questions for Exercise 1.6 Ancient Babylonian Civilization 1.6.1 Political System - (1) Administration (2) Law (3) Judicial System 1.6.2 Social condition 1.6.3 Religious Life 1.6.4 Economic Condition 1.6.5 Art 1.6.6 Knowledge and Science 1.6.7 Questions for Exercise 1.7. Chinese Civilization 1.7.1 Royal Dynasties of China 1.7.2 Administrative System 1.7.3 Social Life.
    [Show full text]