Humanitarian Needs Assessment Programme MARCH 2020 SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC United Nations MOBILITY AND NEEDS MONITORING NORTH-WEST 2,832,9981 IDPs Total IDPs in North-West Syria Disclaimer: The geographical boundaries and names used on this report/map(s) are not verified and do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by HNAP Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) are individuals who have been forced to flee their location of origin to another location within Syria for at least one month. They are either displaced from one location in Syria to another, or displaced within Syria after having had returned from abroad.2

newly displaced 77,745 IDPs this month

Top 3 sub-districts of origin Number of Displacements Top 3 sub-districts of arrival 10% 35,533 7,515 6,642 23% 12,154 9,550 7,749

from from from to to to Dana Jandairis Azaz Suran 35% REASONS FOR DISPLACEMENT3 REASONS FOR ARRIVAL TO CURRENT LOCATION DETERIORATION OF % 24% BETTER SECURITY % SECURITY SITUATION 68 33% SITUATION 73 DETERIORATION OF % PRESENCE OF % ECONOMIC SITUATION 11 RELATIVES/SOCIAL TIES 24 One Two Three Four or more ACCESS TO LIVELIHOOD EVACUATION % % 11 OPPORTUNITIES 15

MAP OF ARRIVAL IDPS PRIORITY NEEDS LIVELIHOODS 63% 2

ll arals Ra Gandora 1 Saran BASIC SERVICES4 % 61 Sran leppo rRaee Matali a Meni Sei ElHadid trin

rima % rin Mare FOOD andairis 56 l a 3 Nal

Tada

Daret a Dana Harim oreena

Salin tare TOP 3 COMMUNITIES OF ARRIVAL Kar Taarim

Maaret Tamsrin rmana Ar-Raa Community Sub-District IDPs Tetna Daros enns

andiye Idle 1 Jandairis Jandairis 5,355

Saraa Leend 2 isrsSr Bab Al Salame Azaz 3,990 adama Mamal ria Raeea Idleb IDPs Kansaa 3 8 - 200 Jalma Jaindairis 3,611 Esem iyara 201 - 800 Lattakia 801 - 1,800 Kar Nool 1,801 - 7,800 7,801 - 12,200 No IDPS

TYPE OF NON- MOST COMMON SHELTER TYPES ADEQUATE SHELTER SUB-CATEGORY SYRIAN IDPS FROM ABROAD 9% 77% Syrians arrived from abroad Substandard Shelter Unfinished Buildings but not to place of origin5 3% 63% 0 Total IDPs from abroad in March Public Building Schools 1,429 - Transitional Shelter

44% 105 reside in 44% 99% 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 0 0 0 adequate housing Emergency Shelter Tents Apr-19 May-19 Jun-19 Jul-19 Aug-19 Sep-19 Oct-19 Nov-19 Dec-19 Jan-20 Feb-20 Mar-20 (house/apartment/hotel) SHELTER OWNERSHIP

53% 23% 12% 12% are hosted in their cur- rent or co-rent their are squatting in their current own their current rent shelter current shelter shelter property Humanitarian Needs Assessment Programme MARCH 2020 SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC United Nations MOBILITY AND NEEDS MONITORING NORTH-WEST SYRIA

6 28,417 Returnees Total returnees in NWS in 2020 Returnees are individuals who have returned to their place of origin for at least one month after having previously fled their location of origin for at least one month.

returnees in 26,214 NWS this month

26,197 PLACE OF ORIGIN 17 Returnees from within Syria this month 0% Returnees from other countries (>99% of all returnees this month) (<1% of all returnees this month) RETURNEES FROM WITHIN SYRIA RETURNEES FROM ABROAD Returnees from within the Syria are a subset of returnees in NWS who Returnees from abroad returned to their place of origin in NWS for at have returned to their place of origin for at least a month after having least a month after having previously fled to another location outside previously fled to another location within Syria for at least a month. 100% of Syrian borders for at least a month. Of note, HNAP has no means of verifying the reported country of displacement or the status held by returnees when in these countries. TOP SUB-DISTRICTS OF DISPLACEMENT TOP COUNTRIES OF DISPLACEMENT From Within Syria From Abroad 9,249 8,200 5,655 17

from from from from Dana A'zaz Afrin Turkey

MOST IMPORTANT REASON FOR RETURN TOP SUB-DISTRICTS OF ARRIVAL MOST IMPORTANT REASON FOR RETURN TOP SUB-DISTRICTS OF ARRIVAL

IMPROVEMENT OF SECURITY SOCIO-CULTURAL REASONS 100% SITUATION IN ORIGIN 97% 100%

NEED TO PROTECT ASSETS OR 65% PROPERTIES 5%

WORSENING OF ECONOMIC SITUATION IN DISPLACEMENT 3% 11% 16%

Jisr-Ash- Atareb Tadaf Shugar Daret Azza PRIORITY NEEDS MAP OF RETURNEES

LIVELIHOODS % 2 ll 46 arals Ra Gandora Saran

Sran leppo rRaee % Matali a FOOD 3 Meni 43 Sei ElHadid trin

rima rin Mare andairis 1 l a HEALTH % Nal 38 Tada Daret a Dana Harim oreena Aleppo

Salin tare TOP COMMUNITIES OF RETURN Kar Taarim Maaret Tamsrin rmana Ar-Raa Tetna Community Sub-District Returnees Daros enns andiye Idle Sarmin 1 Abzemo Atareb 4,500 Saraa Leend isrsSr adama Mamal ria 2 Daret Azza Daret Azza 4,150 Raeea Idleb Returnees Kansaa 3 - 200 3 Sahara Atareb 3,200 Esem iyara 201 - 600 Lattakia 601 - 1,100 Kar Nool 1,101 - 4,200 4,201 - 17,150 No Returnees Hama

SHELTER TYPES TYPE OF NON- MOST COMMON ADEQUATE SHELTER SUB-CATEGORY SHELTER OWNERSHIP 7% 100% 99% Substandard Shelter Damaged Buildings own their current property - Emergency Shelter 1% are hosted in their cur- - rent shelter Public Building 93% - reside in Transitional Shelter adequate housing (house/apartment/hotel) Humanitarian Needs Assessment Programme MARCH 2020 SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC United Nations MOBILITY AND NEEDS MONITORING NORTH-WEST SYRIA POPULATION HIGHLIGHTS

MONTHLY IDP HIGHLIGHTS in NWS MONTHLY RETURNEE HIGHLIGHTS Given recent de-escalation measures of military operations in north- 26,241 returns were reported in north-west Syria over the month west Syria, rates of displacement have reduced significantly - by 90 of March 2020, equating to 69 percent of all returns in the country percent - since last month. The primary reasons for displacement over the month. The highest proportion of returns were reported have also shifted. This month, just 68 percent of IDPs reported a from Dana sub-district - 9,249 individuals, of whom 80 percent deterioration in the security situation as their primary motivating returned to Atareb sub-district - all of whom cited the improvement in the security situation as the most important reson for return. factor for leaving, as compared to 94 percent the previous month. In general, reasons for return from within Syria were much more The highest proportion of IDPs were displaced from Dana sub- centered around the improvement of the security situation in the district, which, conversely, last month was the sub-district to which place of origin (89 percent compared to 21 percent last month). Of the highest proportion of IDPs had arrived. The majority of these IDPs those who returned to Aleppo (81 percent of total returns in north- (76 percent) were displaced further north to Aleppo governorate and west Syria), 99.9 percent reported improvement of the security cited the deterioration of the security situation as the most important situation as most important reason for return. reason for displaced from Dana. POPULATION HEAT MAP

Total Population Turkey 4,183,213 Total IDPs

ll Mediterranea2,832,998n Sea arals Ra Gandora Total Returnees (2020) Saran

Sran leppo rRaee 28,417 Matali a Meni M4 Sei ElHadid trin

rima rin Mare 4 andairis M l a Nal M4 Tada

Daret a 4 Dana M Harim oreena Aleppo Salin tare Kar Taarim

5 Maaret Tamsrin M rmana Ar-Raa Tetna

Daros enns 5 M Legend andiye Idle Sarmin Governorate Capital 4 M4 M Mainroad or Motorway Saraa isrsSr adama Mamal ria Raeea Idleb Population Kansaa 0 - 1,000 Esem iyara 1,001 - 93,100 Lattakia 93,101 - 197,000 Kar Nool 197,001 - 363,000 363,001 - 1,100,000 1,100,001 - 1,830,000 Hama 742,109

MOBILITY TRENDS 742,109

283,237 342,078

283,237 197,598 342,078 180,977 75,977 102,982 45,314 45,190 197,598 47,637 40,980 77,745 38,112 180,977 2,945 2,934 870 4,515 6,227 2,928 8,128 2,669 211 26,214 15,14375,977 45,314 102,982 47,637 40,980 77,745 Apr-19 May-19 Jun-19 Jul-1945,190 Aug-19 Sep-19 Oct-1938,112 Nov-19 Dec-19 Jan-20 Feb-20 Mar-20 2,945 2,934 870 4,515 6,227 2,928 8,128 2,669 211 26,214 15,143 Apr-19 May-19 Jun-19 Jul-19 Aug-19 Sep-19 Oct-19 Nov-19 Dec-19 Jan-20 Feb-20 Mar-20

Returnees IDPs

Returnees IDPs Humanitarian Needs Assessment Programme MARCH 2020 SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC United Nations MOBILITY AND NEEDS MONITORING NORTH-WEST SYRIA PRIORITY NEEDS FOR THE MONTH BY SUB-DISTRICT AND POPULATION GROUP THE CHARTS BELOW INDICATE THE PRIORITY NEEDS, AS PERCENTAGES, FOR EACH POPULATION CATEGORY BY SUBDISTRICT

Basic Services Livelihood Food Health Water NFI Shelter Education Security Afrin 17% 35% 28% 16% 22% 25% 0% 21% 13% Aghtrin 26% 25% 22% 3% 17% 16% 0% 2% 0% Al Bab 16% 30% 27% 16% 13% 6% 4% 9% 0% 55% 50% 62% 59% 73% 39% 46% 62% 61% Arima 19% 22% 11% 11% 6% 0% 0% 3% 0% 43% 42% 39% 25% 38% 23% 23% 41% 15% Ar-Raee 23% 14% 2% 10% 7% 2% 1% 5% 1% Atareb 10% 20% 18% 15% 17% 10% 5% 8% 4% Azaz 46% 44% 26% 0% 0% 32% 0% 0% 0% Badama 77% 66% 61% 59% 59% 25% 7% 54% 7% Bennsh 44% 51% 36% 31% 39% 36% 36% 40% 39% Bulbul 64% 50% 30% 22% 60% 25% 0% 21% 20% Dana 62% 55% 58% 52% 55% 50% 31% 37% 49%

Residents Daret Azza 2% 37% 26% 15% 0% 0% 12% 63% 0% Afrin 37% 61% 46% 25% 40% 54% 15% 50% 15% Aghtrin 38% 38% 36% 5% 30% 31% 6% 3% 1% Al Bab 10% 41% 43% 20% 21% 14% 15% 5% 0% Ariha 57% 58% 69% 68% 76% 46% 57% 63% 61% Arima 31% 35% 26% 21% 14% 11% 17% 4% 0% Armanaz 53% 50% 47% 30% 44% 31% 34% 46% 20% Ar-Raee 46% 39% 33% 26% 24% 17% 25% 22% 1% Atareb 9% 23% 19% 16% 16% 15% 10% 9% 3% Azaz 60% 67% 37% 1% 0% 50% 2% 0% 0% Badama 77% 76% 74% 57% 21% 57% 43% 51% 22% Bennsh 41% 56% 41% 31% 32% 40% 35% 32% 36% Bulbul 65% 61% 45% 23% 45% 44% 21% 23% 18% Dana 70% 69% 63% 60% 62% 62% 58% 53% 61%

IDPs Daret Azza 2% 37% 36% 23% 0% 0% 30% 52% 0% Afrin ------Aghtrin 10% 10% 10% 0% 10% 0% 0% 0% 0% Al Bab ------Ariha ------Arima ------Armanaz ------Ar-Raee ------Atareb 11% 36% 33% 29% 23% 7% 2% 10% 8% Azaz ------Badama ------Bennsh ------Bulbul 55% 60% 35% 20% 80% 40% 0% 20% 25% Dana ------

Returnees Daret Azza 60% 70% 50% 60% 30% 0% 0% 60% 50%

Priority Needs The MNM looks at the priority needs in the last 30 days across north-west Syria. Information and subsequent color coding is determined according to the percentage of the host community, IDPs and returnees who report a particular service/sector as needed in each community. Community focal points are asked the extent to which each service sector is needed for each population category. For more information on the priority needs, please consult the dataset. Humanitarian Needs Assessment Programme MARCH 2020 SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC United Nations MOBILITY AND NEEDS MONITORING NORTH-WEST SYRIA

Basic Services Livelihood Food Health Water NFI Shelter Education Security Darkosh 61% 46% 49% 61% 38% 28% 10% 40% 9% Ehsem ------Ghandorah 22% 10% 0% 12% 1% 1% 0% 2% 0% Harim 60% 75% 89% 71% 81% 55% 64% 70% 50% Idleb 73% 56% 49% 47% 42% 26% 24% 40% 60% Jandairis 55% 64% 38% 31% 37% 27% 9% 38% 3% Janudiyeh 50% 50% 44% 42% 30% 26% 11% 47% 9% Jarablus 24% 18% 2% 11% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% Jisr-Ash-Shugur 54% 50% 57% 45% 44% 36% 15% 39% 12% 38% 42% 28% 21% 44% 19% 20% 32% 13% Maaret Tamsrin 68% 37% 35% 10% 26% 11% 10% 10% 10% Mabtali 5% 10% 9% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% Mare 6% 23% 19% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0%

Residents Menbij 90% 55% 15% 45% 30% 45% 5% 45% 10% Darkosh 69% 65% 65% 66% 44% 55% 39% 45% 20% Ehsem 56% 54% 65% 68% 60% 53% 11% 58% 20% Ghandorah 24% 12% 5% 13% 4% 17% 19% 13% 0% Harim 73% 81% 96% 80% 92% 69% 76% 79% 56% Idleb 81% 75% 69% 51% 57% 67% 66% 42% 64% Jandairis 61% 74% 56% 48% 58% 47% 55% 53% 7% Janudiyeh 62% 60% 61% 41% 37% 51% 41% 49% 14% Jarablus 36% 33% 27% 25% 12% 16% 0% 9% 0% Jisr-Ash-Shugur 60% 61% 67% 47% 44% 59% 38% 45% 19% Kafr Takharim 51% 51% 41% 31% 51% 30% 30% 46% 20% Maaret Tamsrin 79% 46% 41% 15% 31% 22% 25% 12% 11% Mabtali 5% 10% 10% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% Mare 36% 57% 52% 0% 32% 26% 41% 0% 0%

IDPs Menbij ------Darkosh ------Ehsem 53% 56% 70% 67% 66% 52% 0% 53% 20% Ghandorah ------Harim ------Idleb 51% 60% 51% 52% 39% 20% 29% 24% 1% Jandairis ------Janudiyeh 55% 60% 20% 65% 65% 45% 40% 50% 15% Jarablus ------Jisr-Ash-Shugur 55% 53% 69% 38% 73% 67% 40% 55% 29% Kafr Takharim ------Maaret Tamsrin ------Mabtali ------Mare ------

Returnees Menbij ------Humanitarian Needs Assessment Programme MARCH 2020 SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC United Nations MOBILITY AND NEEDS MONITORING NORTH-WEST SYRIA

Basic Services Livelihood Food Health Water NFI Shelter Education Security Mhambal 48% 83% 30% 78% 75% 16% 38% 82% 31% Qourqeena 65% 79% 75% 73% 77% 67% 72% 71% 25% Raju 13% 34% 29% 22% 24% 13% 10% 16% 16% Salqin 64% 65% 57% 53% 47% 39% 29% 36% 31% Sharan 0% 77% 74% 36% 62% 0% 0% 25% 0% Sheikh El-Hadid 0% 41% 36% 28% 22% 0% 0% 27% 0% Suran - Aleppo 57% 45% 20% 20% 15% 10% 11% 15% 8% Tadaf 16% 18% 8% 5% 7% 0% 0% 4% 0%

Residents Teftnaz ------Mhambal 60% 85% 55% 79% 76% 70% 78% 77% 47% Qourqeena 65% 84% 83% 81% 82% 71% 76% 73% 25% Raju 20% 30% 34% 26% 27% 17% 17% 15% 11% Salqin 73% 72% 68% 59% 55% 60% 58% 35% 32% Sharan 0% 80% 75% 38% 67% 0% 4% 36% 0% Sheikh El-Hadid 0% 48% 41% 28% 29% 0% 0% 29% 0% Suran - Aleppo 50% 44% 54% 51% 29% 65% 67% 43% 17% Tadaf 29% 38% 33% 8% 10% 14% 27% 8% 0%

IDPs Teftnaz ------Mhambal 55% 76% 56% 80% 84% 65% 59% 64% 43% Qourqeena ------Raju ------Salqin ------Sharan ------Sheikh El-Hadid ------Suran - Aleppo ------Tadaf 25% 20% 18% 0% 8% 9% 7% 6% 0%

Returnees Teftnaz 76% 64% 45% 44% 45% 34% 19% 64% 50% Humanitarian Needs Assessment Programme MARCH 2020 SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC United Nations MOBILITY AND NEEDS MONITORING NORTH-WEST SYRIA

BACKGROUND AND METHODOLOGY

WHAT IS HNAP? The Humanitarian Needs Assessment Programme (HNAP) for the Significant highlights regarding the overall composition of enumerators, Syrian Arab Republic is a joint UN assessment initiative, which tracks community focal points, coverage, and assurance levels are as follows: displacement and return movements, conducts sector and multi-sector assessments, and monitors humanitarian needs inside Syria. HNAP is implemented through local Syrian NGOs, with technical support from 100% 74% UN agencies. Information is collected across all communities in Syria Coverage Locations covered through face-to-face consultations and direct field observations. with 80 - 100% assurance level MOBILITY AND NEEDS MONITORING The Mobility and Needs Monitoring (MNM) in NWS factsheet is 111 3,577 published every month in order to enable humanitarian partners to Enumerators from Community focal deliver evidence-based humanitarian support to the most in-need NGO partners points, of which 11% are women communities in north-west Syria. Through the MNM, HNAP provides updated monthly information on crucial issues, such as push and The HNAP assessment of the communities is carried out by taking the pull factors, times and frequency of displacement, shelter types, and list of communities on existing datasets (p-code), used by OCHA and priority needs in the last 30 days all pertaining to the two primary humanitarian agencies in the Syrian Arab Republic. population categories, namely:

• Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) - who are further subdivided COMMUNITY FOCAL POINT BREAKDOWN into categories of regular internal displacement and internal KI Type Female Male Total displacement post-return; Community Based Organization 7 7 • Returnees - who are further subdivided into returnees from Leader abroad or returnees from other locations within Syria; Community Leader 4 431 435 Group Leader of IDP’s 125 878 1,003 Group Leader of Returnees 36 77 113 METHODOLOGY Health Worker 33 44 77 In order to fulfil its objectives, the MNM in NWS utilises a community Local administration 8 1,030 1,038 focal point methodology. Community focal points are selected based NGO/Humanitarian Aid Worker 28 135 163 on the quality/reliability of information provided, their knowledge Other 4 12 16 and expertise of the needs and current situation of target population Religious leaders 51 51 groups, and their representativeness of the target population groups. Social Worker 37 148 185 For the purpose of quality control, five factors concerning the reliability Teachers 120 155 275 of information provided by community focal points are taken into Trader/Shopkeeper 4 210 214 account, which together constitute the assurance level: Total 399 3,178 3,577

• Community focal point is involved in the registration of IDPs and ASSURANCE LEVEL returnees; LEVEL NUMBER OF LOCATIONS • Community focal point has a list of the IDPs and returnees; • Community focal point is involved in humanitarian response 0% 0 operations; 20-49% 22 • Three community focal points separately interviewed and 50-79% 306 provided their response with less than 3% discrepancy; % • Information provided by community focal point is supported by 80-100 929 enumerator’s observations.

FOOTNOTES AND DISCLAIMERS

1The information in this product is based on estimates/available data based on key informant methodology and is intended to serve as one source of data for further triangulation with other sources by the IDP Task Force and Population Task Force. 2 Figures on the origin of IDPs should not be taken as accurate breakdowns by timeline, rather, they are calculated based upon community focal point approximations on majority numbers in an assessed location. 3 The percentages shown here only include reasons rated as “very important”. 4 Basic services refer to municipality related issues, such as access to electricity and fuel, rubbish collection and road-works. 5 Figures on the last place of displacement of IDPs and returnees should not be taken as accurate breakdowns by timeline. They are calculated based upon community focal points’ approximations on majority numbers in an assessed location. Figures for IDPs from abroad are based on KI reports inside Syria and not in hosting countries. 6 The definition of returnees is not related to the criteria of return in terms of safety and dignity, nor with any durable solutions defined strategy. Refugee return figures are collected in return areas inside Syria only and not in hosting countries. For further queries on refugee returns please refer to UNHCR