Holzforschung, Vol. 62, pp. VIIÐXI, 2008 ¥ Copyright © by Walter de Gruyter ¥ Berlin ¥ New York. DOI 10.1515/HF.2008.122

Subject index

2,29-biquinoline 289 bisabolane derivatives 624 2D correlation NMR 709 bleached kraft softwood pulp 383 2D-NMR 514 bleaching 389 31P nuclear magnetic 24 blood protein 294 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 322 bond dissociation energy (BDE) 50 5S rDNA 759 bond line 714 bonded lignin 31 α-Aryl ether hydrolysis 527 borax 8 α-ether 50 brightness 71, 389 abietadiene 417 abietol 417 abnormal fi bres 149 C9 units 527 accelerated screening methodology 270 callus resin 417 acetic acid 694, 704 carbohydrates 637 acetyl groups 659 carbon dioxide (supercritical) 129 acetylated wood 423 carbonization 591 acetylation 189 carboxylic acid 136 acid-base 472 catalytic oxidation 64 acidolysis 164 cell wall 77, 149, 352, activation energy 169 Ð assembly 475 adhesion 237 Ð ultrastructure 597 adhesive penetration 91 cellar fungi 759 adhesives 237, 714 cellulose 8, 129, 136, 176, 183, 300, 375, 676, 694, 704, adsorption 352 Ð acetate 154 aerogels 129 – fi bers 383 alkali – microfi bril angle (MFA) 475 Ð impregnation 397 certifi cation 530 Ð treatment 448 charged groups 546 alkaline chelating stage 142 Ð (amine) copper quaternary (ACQ) 289 chemical composition 344 Ð extraction 329 chemithermomechanical pulping (CTMP) 71, 375 – sulfi te/anthraquinone (AS/AQ) pulping 142 chromated copper arsenate (CCA) 119 alkyl-aryl ether 164 chromones 264 aminolysis 136 chromophores 389 anisotropy of swelling 357 citric acid 368 antifungal activity 309, 620, 624 cleavage mechanism 50 antioxidant activity 264 color reversion 71 arabinoxylan 329 compression 149 aromatic compounds 255 compression/crushing test 270 ascomycetes 613 compressed atomic Ð Sitka spruce 82 Ð absorption spectrometry (AAS) 294 Ð wood 461 Ð force microscopy (AFM) 230 computed tomography (CT) images 441 autohydrolysis 539, 645, 653 computer simulation 215 coniferaldehyde 389, 667 β-ether 50 coniferyl alcohol 627, 667, 688 β-O-4 bond 164 consolidation 201 bagasse 142 constant phase element 737 bamboo 481 contact thermal resistance (CTR) 362 bark 553 copolymerization 488, 495, 501 basidiomycetes 112 copper beech 15, 277 Ð preservative fi xation 300 bending properties 201, 569 Ð preservatives 294 bio-char 402 Ð speciation 289 biodeterioration 270 corn cob 329 bioenergy 429 coumarins 553 biofuel 429 creosote 119 bio-oil 402, 409 cross-link 8 biopulping 1, 375 crystallization 154 biorefi nery 645, 653 crystallized mesoporous carbon 157 biotransformation 613 Cu-I 289 VIII Subject index cushioning properties 448 fi ber cylindrical model 352 Ð bonding 383 – fi berboard 569 deacetylation 397 Ð development 597 decay Ð morphology 338 Ð fungi 264, 270 Ð saturation point 423 Ð mode 481 fi nes 546 defi bration 597 fi nite element method (FEM) 584 deformation length 453 fi re retardance 318 degradation 57 fi xation 289, 294 dehydrogenation polymer (DHP) 495, 501, 508 fl ooring 731 de-inked pulp 8 fl ow-through reactor 627 delignifi cation 627, 637 fl uorescence densifi ed wood 584 Ð microscopy 383 density 237, 569 Ð resonance energy transfer (FRET) 383 deposition of xylans on fi bers 637 Folin-Ciocalteu 284 derivatization followed by reductive cleavage (DFRC) 24 formic acid 694, 704 desulfuration 514 Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) 745 DHP 667 fractionation 31 diamond keys (DKs) 584 fracture toughness 82 dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) 472 free Ca2+ 368 diffusion 397 free radicals 264 digital image analysis (DIA) 584 FTIR spectroscopy 530 dimer 50, 514 fungal decay 318 dislocations 77, 149 Ð resistance 488 dissolved wood lignin (DWL) 15 fungicidal activity 264 DMDHEU 577 fungicides 488 double furfurylation 709 Ð cantilever beam (DCB) test 82 Ð shear strength 461 galactoglucomannan 659 dowel 461 gas chromatogram-mass spectrum (GC-MS) 169 doweled joint 461 gelatinous layer 255 dry rot fungi 752, 759 geometric conformance 453 drying 136 glucomannan 597 durability 284 glue bond 248 dynamic contact angle analyzer (DCA) 556 glued-elaminated timber (GLT) 584 glulam structures 243 earlywood 123 glycolic acid 694, 704 effective capillary cross-sectional area 397 grading 284 electrical grass lignin 481 Ð relaxation 737 gray level 248 Ð resistivity 591 grid strain analysis 453 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) 737 grob-type fragmentation 627 electroconductivity 157 guaiacol 169 electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) 294, 300 gypsum embedding strength 86 Ð crystal 368 empiric isotherms 577 Ð particleboard 368 EN 113 112 end grain 237 engineered wood product 718, 725 Hailwood-Horrobin model 423, 577 enol 164 Hammett’s substituent constant 50 environment friendly 620 hardwood 264, 539 enzymatic hardwood pulp 8 Ð functionalization 223 hazardous and solid wastes 119 Ð mild acidolysis lignin (EMAL) 24 heat esterifi cation 136, 169 Ð of adsorption 577 ethylene maleic anhydride 488 Ð of wetting 577 ethylenic residues 667 Ð transfer 362 eucalypt wood 514 Ð treated wood 472 Eurocode V 86 Ð treatment 344 European oak 679 heatinduced discoloration 71 exothermic temperature 368 heating rate 591 extraction 539 heating 136 extractives 99, 284, 344, 620, 679 hemicelluloses 64, 344, 539, 559, 694, 704 hetero-correlation 176 falcataria 731 heterolytic 50 Fe3+ reducing activity 264 high resolution gas chromatography combined with low fertilisation 149 resolution mass spectrometry 608 Subject index IX

HMBC 709 material interfaces 383 HMQC 709 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of fl ight homo-correlation 176 (MALDI-TOF) 64 homolytic 50 maximum likelihood classifi er 441 horseradish peroxidase (HRP) 501 mechanical hot-water extraction 659 Ð interlocking 237 hydrolysis 64 Ð properties 77, 546, 714 hydrophobation 112 Ð pulping 1, 375 hydroxycinnamic acids 417 Ð pulps 389 hygroscopicity 745 medium density fi breboard (MDF) 209, 215 metal chelation 264 image segmentation 248 metastable induced electron spectroscopy (MIES) 688 immunogold-EM 597 microscopy 77 impregnation 318 milled wood lignin (MWL) 15, 24, 645, 653 indoor wood-decay fungi 759 milling 209 infrared spectroscopy 676 model system 136 initial heat 429 modeling 201 integral heat of swelling 357 moisture content 322, 569 intergenic spacer 759 Ð distribution 435 inter-tree variation 435 moisture 136 Ion coupled plasma spectroscopy 289 Ð gradients 243 ionic conduction 737 Ð induced stresses 243 ionic liquids 309 Ð measurement 435 iron 57, 694, 704 Ð sorption 429 irrigation 149 Ð variations 243 isocampneoside I 197 monolignol glycoside 495, 501 Isotherm 745 multivariate Ð analysis 189 juvenile wood 745 Ð calibration 429 Ð statistical method 530 kappa number 149 nail 86 kinetics 38, 164 nanoindentation 230, 714 Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) segmental coupling 468 nano-mechanical properties 230 kraft cooking 149 natural durability 99, 264 kraft pulping 397, 546 near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) 176, 189, 284, 429, 435, 679 nickelcatalyzed carbonization 157 laccase 223 nitrobenzene oxidation 637 laminated N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) 129 Ð strand composite 718 NMR; prehydrolysis (P)-factor 653 Ð strand veneer (LSV) 725 non-aseptic cultures 1 Ð veneer board (LVB) 731 Norway spruce 277 Ð veneer lumber (LVL) 725 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 15, 645 latewood 123 latex adhesives 468 oak wood 57 Lifshitz-van der Waals 472 oat spelt 329 light-induced discoloration 71 oleoresin 417 lignan 417 oligosaccharides 539 lignin 15, 24, 50, 164, 169, 183, 389, 495, 501, 508, 539, 597, organic 667, 676, 688, 709 Ð biocides 264 Ð carbohydrate complexes 31 Ð liquids 357 Ð content 475 oriented strand composite 718 Ð degradation 645, 653 orthogonal array 209 Ð distribution 481 oxidation 38, 752 Ð isolation 15 oxalic acid 694, 704 Ð model compounds 38 oxygen delignifi cation 142 Ð molar mass 659 ligno-p-cresol 157 paper dry strength 8 Liocell 129 papermaking 383 liquid phase adsorption 157 parallel-plate rheology 468 liquid-liquid extraction 31 partial least square (PLS) regression 189, 284 lodgepole pine 569 particle board 215, 223 log characteristics 441 pellet storage 429 low molecular weight products 627 pentachlorophenol 119, 608 percentage wood failure 248 manganese peroxidase 375 permanganate oxidation 637 marine borer 99 permeability 215 masonry 752 peroxide bleaching 142 X Subject index pH 338 respiration measurement 112 phenol 169 response surface methodology 209 phenolic ribosomal DNA 759 Ð hydroxyl groups 527 roll forming 453 Ð resin 569 rubberwood 731 phenylethanoid glycosides 197 phosphonium S1 layer 597 Ð compounds 389 S2 layer 475, 597 Ð sulfate 389 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 556, 597 phosphortriamidates 318 scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) 91 phosphorus 389 screening 99 photodegradation 183 secoabietane derivatives 624 photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS, XPS, ESCA) 688 secoiridoid glucosides 553 physical properties 448 shape change 448 pinoresinol dimethyl ether 508 shear wall 584 plasma 472 shives 597 plywood 453 shrinkage 591 polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) 119 Siberian larch 357 poly(ethylene co-8-hydroxy quinolinyl acrylate) 488 silica content 338 poly(ethylene co-dipentachlorophenyl diacrylate) 488 silicone 112 poly(lactic acid) 154 simulated rainfall 608 polyethylene glycol 64, 694, 704 sinapyl alcohol 627 polymerization 709 size exclusion chromatography (SEC) 57 polyoxometalate (POM) 38 small-diameter 569 ponderosa pine 402, 409, 725 small-diameter timber 718, 725 poplar wood 627, 637 soda-AQ pulping 627, 637 porosity 237 soft-rot fungi 277 Port-Orford cedar 620 softwood kraft pulp 329 powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) 591 softwood pulp 8 prehydrolysis kraft pulping 645, 653 solid-state reaction 136 preservation 709 solubility parameters 357 Ð tolerance 613 solubility 31 preservative-treated wood 119 solution pressurised extraction 659 Ð calorimetry 577 primary molds 1 Ð isotherm 423 principal component analysis (PCA) 189 sorption 329 purifi cation 31 southern yellow pine 270 pyridinium salts 309 spectra pre-processing procedures 679 pyrolysis 50 spray coating 8 pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry (py-MBMS) 176 spruce wood 475, 659 stabilization 129 quantifi cation 667 steam quinone methide 501 Ð extraction 329 quinone 183 Ð pressure 556 steel-timber dowel joints 243 radial swelling 357 stiffness loss 270 radioisotope labeling 223 stilbenes 284 Raman 667 strength properties 329 Ð microscopy 255 stress-strain curves 448 random mat structure 201 submerged wood 745 reaction substituent effect 50 Ð mechanisms 627 sugar maple 441 Ð zone 322 sulfur 57, 694, 704 Ð of lignin fragments 637 supercritical reactivity 136 Ð drying 129 real-time strain profi le 453 Ð methanol 402 recycled fi bers 569 Ð methanol 409 refi ned fi ber 230, 556 Ð water 119 refi ning 546 surface regeneration 129 Ð energy 472 renewable material 709 Ð roughness 209 replication 508 swelling 352 residual lignin 645 synthesis 318, 488 resin 417 Ð acids 284 Taguchi design 209 resonance 15 tangential swelling 357 Ð Raman spectroscopy 183 tannic acid 294 Ð spectroscopy 24 tear index 149 Subject index XI tebuconazol 613 valence band 688 temperature 714 Vasa 694, 704 template polymerization 508 veneer 718 tensile volume swelling 357 Ð index 149 Ð strength 149, 237 tension wood 255 Warburg impedance 737 terpenoids 624 water 352 tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) 389 Ð activity 556 textural analysis 441 Ð removal 383 thermal Ð resistance 154 Ð conductivity of wood 362 Ð vapor sorption 556 Ð stability 338 waterlogged wood 57 Ð treatment 676 weight percentage gain (WPG) 189 thermally treated wood 277 wetting 472 thermogravimetry 318 wheat straw fi bre 338 thermo-hygro-mechanically (THM) wide angle X-ray diffractometer (WAXD) 556 – densifi ed wood 277 wood 91, 183, 197, 318, 375, 488, 667, 676 thermomechanical Ð composite 201, 223, 225, 530, 718 Ð pulping (TMP) 8, 389, 597, 667 Ð decay 752 – refi ning 230, 338 Ð degradation 64, 694, 704 thickness 569 Ð depolymerization 402, 409 three-point bend end notched fl exure (3ENF) test 82 Ð lignins 527 topochemical analysis 255 Ð liquefaction 402, 409 total phenols 679 – modifi cation 223, 277, 577, 709 totally chlorine free (TCF) bleaching 142 Ð particles 223 transformation/recovery/recycling 119 Ð plastic composite 154 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 597 Ð preservation 264, 270, 309, 620 triazoles 613 Ð surface 362 trimer 50 Ð swelling 357 twodimensional (2D) correlation spectroscopy 176 wood-adhesive interactions 468 wood-based composites 215 Überwallungsharz 417 wooden blocks 584 ultraviolet microspectrophotometer (UMSP) 481 work of adhesion 472 unbounded lignin 31 wounding 322 UV Ð laser 183 X-ray diffraction technique 745 Ð resonance Raman spectroscopy (UVRRS) 183 xylan 31, 539, 659, 676, 694, 704 Ð spectroscopy 501 xyloglucan 8 Ð microspectrophotometry (UMSP) 255 Ð Vis spectroscopy 169 Ð visible 289 Young’s modulus 591