'. In This Issue * Shipping Labor, Management, Work As One * "Cycloid Propulsion": Something New * Planned Sale of Ships Menaees Industry * Days of 'Lakes Carferries Are Reealled

Vol. XI FEBRUARY, 1948 No.2 l

Partial List of Agreements Held by Masters, Mates and Pilots of America ----

East Coast Stockard Steamship Corporation Hnrt Wood Lumber Co. Agwilines, Inc. Smith & Johnson In~erocean ::)tcamllhip Corporation .<\:Icoll Steamship Co. Sound Transport Corporation Henry J. Kaiser Companies Aml.'l"ican Foreign Steamship Co. Sword Steamship Co. (Permanente :&Ietals Corp.) Americ:m Petroleum Trnnsport (orp. Tankers Oceanic Corporation (Kaiser Company, Inc.) American Republics Lines l'rI. & J. Tracy (Kaiser Cargo, Inc.) American Liberty Lines, Inc. Tugboat Owners & Operators of Port of Key System American~South African Line Philadelphia Kingdom of Thailand (Siam) American SUJ:"ar Co. Union Sulphur Co. Kitsap County Transportation Co, 4· Argonaut Line, Inc. Lines Louis Knutson Athmtic Coast Line Railroad Co. U. S. Navigation Co. Libby, McNeill & Libby Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co. Virginia Ferry Corp. Los Angeles Steamship Co. Chas. T. Banks Towing Line Wellhart Steamship Co. Luckenbach Gulf Steamship Co., Inc Black Diamond Steamship Co. Wessel Duval & Co., Inc. Luckenbach Steamship Co., Inc. • Blidberg Rothchild Co., Inc. West India S.S. Co. Martin Siversten Steamship Co. Boland and Cornelius Wilmore S.S. Co. Martinez-Benicia Ferry & Trans. C Boston Tow BOBt Co. Wilkinson Steamship Co. Matson Navigation Co. o. Eastern District Wood Towing Co. ?tIatson Steamship Co. A. L. llurbank Co. 'Vorth Steamship Company McCormack Steamship Co. Bush Terminal Co. Warner Company lEast Coast-South American SerVice) Buxton Line Great Lakes (Pacific Coast--West Indies SI Calmar Steamship Corp. Ann Arbor Railroad Co. (Intercoastal Service) ttT Ct) Carras, 'J. M., Inc. Bob-Lo Excursion Co. Moran Towing and Transportntion Co I Central Railroad Co. of N. J. Chicago-Duluth, Georgian Bay Transit Co. Northland Transportation Co. ., nco Central Vermont Transportation Co. Chicngo & Milwaukee Steamship Co. Northwest Towboat Assn. Chesapeake Ferry Co. Chicago Roosevelt Steamship Co. Norlhwestern Paci6c Railroad Co. Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Co. Cleveland & Buffalo Transit Co. Ocean and Dominion Steamship Corp Coastwise Trans. Co. Oceanic & Oriental Navigation Co . Crystal Beach Transit Corp. Servic~) Colonial Navigation Co. Detroit & Cleveland Navigation Co. (Australian-New Zealand Delaware, Lackawanna & \Vestern R. R. lo'itz Simons & Connell Dredge & Dock Co. Oceanic Steamship Co. Diamond Steamship Co. Grand Trunk Western Railroad Co. Oliver J. Olson & Co. Dichmann, Wright & Pugh Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Co. Olympic Steamship Co., Inc. P. Dougherty Great Lakes Transit Corp. Pacific-Atlantic Steamship Co. Eastern Gas & Fuel Co. Great Lakes Transport Co. Pacific-Atlantic Steamship Co. Eastern Steamship Lines Illinois Ship & Dredge Co. (Quaker Line) Eastern Transporlation Co. Island Transp. Co. of Mackinaw City Pacific Lighterage Corp. Erie R.,.i1road Lake Sand Corp. ,Pacific Mail S.S. Co. Erie & St. Lawrence Corporation Mackinac Transportation Co. Pacific Republic Line Farr Spinning and Operating Co., Inc. Marine Sand Company (Moore-McCormack Lines, Inc.) First National Oil Corp. Minnesota Atlantic Transit Co. Pacific Steamship Lines Fldschman Transportation Co. National Transport Co. Pacific Tankers. Inc. Gloucester-Yorktown Ferries Nicholson-Universal Steamship Corp. Pacific Towboat & Salvage Co. Hall Tug & Barge Corporation Perc Marquette Railway Co. Paramount Pictures, Inc. Hartwelson Steamship Co. Standard Oil Co. (Indiana) Petaluma and Santa Rosa Railroad Co. Hl.'dger Steamship Corp. Wabash Railway Co. Petroleum Navigation Co. Illinois Atlantic Corporation Wisconsin_l'tfichigan Steamship Co. P. L. Transportation Co. (Formerly Colahee S.S. Co.) Pope & Talbot, Inc. International Freight Co., :tnc. Gull (McCormack ·S.S. Co. Div., aU servicn 0:.... International Shipping Co. Bloomfield Shipping Co. Steam Schooner Trade) Interstate Oil Transport Co. Central Gulf (S.S. Co.) Port Orford Cedar Co. Isthmian Steamship Lines Commercial Molasses Corp. Puget Sound Navigation Co. Isbrandtsen Co., Inc. Gulf ::ihiphuiJding Corp. (Towboat Div.) Red Salmon Canning Co. Jamestown and Newport Ferry Co. Lykes Bros. Steamship Co. Reedsport Towboat Co. Jenney Mfg. Co. Mississippi Shipping Co. Richmond-San Rafael Ferry & Trans. Ce. The Jay Street Cor.necting Railroad Mobile Towing and Wrecking Co.. Inc. River Lines Kellogg Steamship Corp. Waterman Stcamship Corporation Sacramento Northern Railway Lehigh Valley Railroad Standard Fruit & Steamship Co. San Diego & Coronado Ferry Co. C. D. Mallory Corp. San Francisco Towing Co. Clyde Mallory Lines San Pedro Towboat Co. P. F. Martin. Inc. West Coast Santa Ana Steamship Co. Mnrtin Marine Transportation Company Admiral Oriental Line Santa Catalina Island Compan~· Marine Trnnsport Line Alaska Packers Association Santa Cru7. Oil Corp. Moore-McCormack Lines Alaska Railroad Santa Cruz Porthind Cement Co. (Merchllnt & Miners Transportation Co.-Appren- Alaska Salmon Co. P. F. Sato Company tire membership on tug boats) Alaska Steamship Co. Seekonk Corp. Mexico Shipping & Trading Co., Inc. Alaska Transportation Co. Ship Owners Assn. of tht Pacific Co.st Moran Towing & Transportation Co. American Mail Line Ship Owners & Merchants Tug Co. Mystic Steamship Co. American Prc!sident Lines, Ltd. Southern Pncific Co. (Pacific Lines) National Bulk Carriers, Inc. American Trading and Shipping Company Southern Pacific Golden Gate Ferrin, Lt•• New England & Southern Steamship Co. D. J. Arques States Line New York Central Railroad Co. Arrow Line Stntes Steamship Company New York & Mail Steamship Co. Atehison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Co. Sudden & Christensen New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R. Atkinson & Pollock Co. (Intercoastal Service) New York & Porto Rico Steamship Co. Guy F. Atkinson Co.} Tacoma Oriental Line New York Dock Railway I George Pollock Co. Union Sulphur Co., Inc. R. A. Nicol & Co.. Inc. Bay and River Navigation Co. Washington Nnvigation Co. Norfolk-Southern Railroad Co. Bay Transport Co. Western Pacific Railrond Co. Norfolk & Washington Steamboat Co. Boat Operators of Columbia District Weyerhaeuser Steamship Co. North American Motorship Corp. Boat Operators of Columbia River District-Tow_ Wilmington Trans. Co. (StenRlshlps) North Atlantic and Gulf S.S. Co. boat Division Wilmington Trans. Co. (TowIJOats) Norton-Lilly Mnnagement Corp. Bulk Carriers Corp. Wilmington Transportation Co. Oldwood, Inc. Burns Steamship Company (San Francisco Bay Ferr)· Scr\'icel Orbis Steamship Corporation California Steamship Co. E. K. Wood Lumher Co. Overlakes Freight Corp. Carriso, Inc. R. C. Zuckerman Compnn~· Panama Railroad Steamship Co. Chamberlin. W. R. & Co. Weyl-Zuckermnn & Co. Pan American Petroleum & Transport Co. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad Western and SOllllteT1/ Rire" Parry Navigation Co., Inc. Coastwise (Pacific Far East Line) PennSYlvania Railroad Co. Coastwise Steamship Co. Americnn Barge Line Co. Philai!elphia & Reading Railroad Columhia Basin River Opcrators (Towboat Divi- Carnegie·Illinois Steel Corp. Pocahontas Steamship Co. sion) Central Barge Lines Polaris Steamship Co., Inc. Constructir,n Aggregates Corp. J. I{. Davidson & Bro. . .• Prudential Steamship Corp. Coos Bay Dredging Co. Dravo Corp. (I{eystone Sand DIVISIOn) Ross Tow Boat Co. Coos Bay Logging Co. Federal Barge Lines Rountree, Wm. J. Co., Inc. De La Rama Steamship Co. Halliday Sani! Co. Seabonrd Air Line Railway Far East Steamship Co., Inc. John I. Hay Co. Seas Shipping Co. J. C. Freese Company Iron Cit~· Sand and Gra\'el ((I. Seatrain Lines, Inc. General Steamship Corporation Lake Tankers Corp. Shephard Steamship Co. Grace Line McCrady Rodgers Comp:my ~inc1air Navigation Co. (Panama Mail Steamship Co.) !\'lissouri-Illlnois R. R. Co. hr Cto South Atlnntic Steamship Co. (Pacific Const Panama Line Service) Natchez & Louisiana Ranwn~' Trnns ~outhern Pacific Co. (Direct Pacific Coast·South American Service) . Tel:as and Mexh:o R1I7' Sonthl'rn Railway Company W. R. Grace & Co.. as Agents for Grace Line, Inc., Ohio Rinr Company Southern Transportation Co. Pacific Coast, West Coast Mexican Central, Pittsburgh Coal Compan~" !1penccr Kellogg & Sons American Panama Service of Grace Line, Inc., Steamer Service Co. Sprague S.S. Co. and Pacific Coast South American Service of Streckfus Steamers, Inc. Staples Coal Co. Grace Line, Inc. Union Barge Line Corp. States Marine Corp. James Griffiths & Sons. Inc. Warrior & Gulf Navigation Co. Stevenson, T. J. & Co., Inc. Hammond Shipping Co.• Ltd. Wheeling Steel Corporation The Master, Mate and Pilot Official Journal of the Nationil'll Organization of M

In Voicing Opposition to Proposed Scuttling of the Entire Maritime Industry Through Giving Away and Sale of Ships to Foreign Nations. State Department's Policy Termed "TIl-Advised" by those in Best Posilion to Know

Labor and management, long at. odds on many only the sale of these 200 war-built vessels, but also points connected with American shipping,' are the temporary transfer of up to 300 additional bulk­ shoulder-to-shoulder in pushing their opposition to cargo carriers to the participating countries on bare­ any further global distribution of America's ships boat charter for handling commodities made avail­ a$' sponsored by recommendations of the ·State De­ able by the program of United States assistance. partment before the Senate foreign relations The latter transfer is expected to reduce the finan­ committee. cial requirements of the participating countries by A transfer of 500 American ships has been rec­ $240 million in reducing their requirements.for ·ommended. dollar shipping services. This amount is divided The document, "Outline of a 'European Recovery $160 million during the first 15 months, $94 million 'Program," sent to Congress on December 19, was during the following fiscal year, and $46 million in not specific in its r'ecommendations but said the best fiscal 1951. A further $110 million would be saved .interests of the nation would be served by permit­ through a general easing of freight rates, especially ':ting the sale or temporary transfer of some of our during the last three years of the program." war built ships to European countries. Section 8 (d) of the proposed Act would give the The 200-page document contains a proposed bill Administrator complete power to sell vessels to for­ ··together with a supposed justification of it and eign governments acceptable under the Marshall . eXplanation. Plan. The section states: Section 7 (2) of the bill proposed by the State De­ "Whenever the Administrator shall determine '.:partment provides that the Economic Cooperation that sale to a participating country, or to a citizen 'iAdministrator (chief officer of the recovery pro­ thereof, of any merchant vessel would be in further­ '[ Columbia, with General and gain knowledge and freedom could be by the dissem_ Or~anh:ation \t~ ~ of the National I' Executive Offices at Interna­ ination of information in many ways. But, again of Masters, Mates and Pilots Ji' tional Commerce Buildins. of America. at 810 Rhode ' . , 16 Moore Street, New York the dissemination of certain knowledge without giv: Illlalld Avenue. Northeast, ' 4, N. Y. ing the complete truth may lead the ignorant to believe they have knowledge and instead of leading Published on the 16th of each month. them to freedom, only leads them to a tighter bond_ Sworn detailed circulation statement on request. ,' age. It may also be that the ones disseminating this Entered 88 second-dass matter at the post office at Wa8hin~n.....D. C., so-called knowledge are the ignorant ones, belieVing nJlder the Act of August 24. 1912. they are doing the right thing. On the other hand it may be they are doing this for a purpose. SUBSCRIPTION: S1.00 PER YEAR FOREIGN 12.00 Not being a mind reader or able to secure the entire background of these people (officers and memo E. W. HIGGINBOTHAM. Alobile. Ala., Business Mana~er bel's), I am unable to say what category they should W. J. VAN BUREN. New York City, Editor. be in. However, from the information I am able to gather, and from their record and action, past and present, they are either ignorant, arrogant 01' dis. rupters for a purpose and also working towards the NATIONAL OFFICERS controlling of your finances and affairs, particularly E. W. HIGGINBOTHAM, President, Mol;lile. Ala. the finances, for if these finances were not in the C. F. llAY. Vice Prellident. San Francisco (in cbar'l'c of Ocenn-lIwlnlr and Coastwille Craft on Pacific Const). picture you would not hear their voices. STANLEY BARR. Vice President. Detroit. As a suggestion so that you may not be led astray. £. C. DANIELS. Vice President. Savannab. Ga. check on all past records as to how long they ha,g C. H. HANSEN, Vice President. New Orleans, La. been a member; how long active and their former B. T. HURST. Vice President, Norfolk, Va. affiliations if any. Salaries, past and present. and CLYDE R. SMITH, Vice President, Seattle, Wasb. sacrifices for the Organization for which they for· W. C. ASH. Vice President, New York City. merly worked and whether they can return to their GEORGE HAVILAND. Apprentice Vice-President. New York Cit,.. W. J. VAN BUREN, Secretnry·Treasurer, New York City. former employers. Their reason for leaving and the longest period worked for any employer. There are many other matters which can be checked on as to their records and records of the Local, the above,: coMMUNICATIONS AND REMITTANCES may be addresaed and check. mentioned suggestions will give you a guide made payable to the National Organization Masters. Mates and Pilots analyze the person and persons in question and th~ of America, 810-16 Rhode Islnnd Avenue. N. E.• Washington, D. C., or International Commerce Buildinc. 15 Moore Street, New York 4, N. Y. Organization, National and Local, that you m~.

8,J:ADING AND ADVERTISING MATTER MUST reach the office not better use your own judgment as to whether they Inter than the lOth of the month precedlnl:' publication. are sincere in their "preachings" and whether th

',:HANGE OF ADDRESS should be received prior to the first of the month sho'uld be recognized for the good of the Organiza' to affect the forthcoming issue, and the old 88 well as the new addrellB tion, also whether the National and Local has acted must be a-iven. for your best interest in general. . In the main these members disseminating certain so-called knowledge are officers and representatives of Locals, the latter in particular, who are not elect4 GENERAL CHAIRMEN REPRESENTING RAILROAD EMPLOYES OF OUR OUGANIZATION IN THE DIFFERENT PORTS by referendum vote of the membership of the Loca offi~el'8' PORT OF NEW YORK-Capt. C. DeMooy, Supervising General Chair_ but rather placed on the pay roll either by the man j Capt. M. F. Gorry; Capt. John J. Bill: Capt. Jos. L. McRen j of the Local who are not capable or do not hare u,: JOB. Shields: Cap~. Robt. Williamson: Capt. J. G. Kaufman j R. Maley j to attend to the Local's business as thev are emploYh Wm. J. O'Connell: Capt..Howard Barton; Capt. A. StrifIolino: Capt. • t e elsewhere, or the representative was placed on es Wm. Cole. rn PORT OF PHILADELPHIA-Capt. Clayton B. Dibble. pay roll by a packed meeting. It theyefore b:CO I PORT OF SEATTLE-Capt. John M. Fox. necessary that every member !I1vestIgate hI,. ~ PORT OF NORFOLK-Capt. J. P. Edwards, Capt. J. Ira Hodges. Capt. Jas. and check up on its affairs and take part lnt' n H. K. Hudli:ins, Capt. E. A. Phelps, Capt. Eugene Treakle. affairs of the Local. This is your Organl~a IOlt PORT OF NEW ORLEANS-Capt. C. H. Hansen. National and Local. It is your duty to check O"tiU! PORT OF DETROIT-Capt. Stanley Barr. PORT OF SAN FRANCISCO-Capt. J. A. Gannon. and its personnel. The records do not shoW be interest you take in the Organization exceptt~ dues-paying member. If you have sho\\'n JJI e you are one out of five, which is a small per:en National Advertisinli: Representative-JOHN ARTHUR McAVOY. ti 15 Whitehall St., New York 4, N. Y. Tel. BOwling Green 9·0919. compared with what you expect of the Org'l!ll~a Have you a copy of the National and Loca (Continued on page 10)

[2 ] THE MASTER, MATE AND P » I New Device Uses "Cycloid Propulsion" and To Move, Reverse, Steer and Stop Vessel em­ aiu, giv­ ; tol An increase in maneuverability and operating ef­ and rudder, together with all connecting gear or ling ficiency of ships by the introduction of a radically mechanism. The direction the vessel takes is deter­ 'nd~ different type of propulsion unit may be the result mined by the control which changes the pitch of the this of tests now being conducted by the U. S. Army on blades. 'ing, "cycloidal propulsion." The vessel can be backed, run sideways at 90 al1 "Cycloidal propulsion" is a rotary application of degrees to the centerline, or spun around'on the the principles of an oar, just as is a conventional center of a line down the keel. 'It can do this latter 'screw. Both consist basically of the action of an trick fast enough to make the crew dizzy. Sharp , inclined plane being forced through water which turns can be safely made at top speed by suddenly ,results in a corresponding reaction, forcing the ship changing the direction of the thrust, delivered by forward or backward, according to the direction the radically new propulsion unit. The cycloidal of rotation. screws do not lose any efficiency while backing; something not true of the conventional screw. A cycloid curve is described as "the curve formed by any point on the radius of a rolling wheel." However, the point, to describe the most efficient (and easiest-understood) cycloid path, should be on the circumference. An iIlustrativecycloid curve may be accomplished by placing a watch on edge 011 a tabletop with the numeral six in contact with the table. As the watch is rolled, the "six" rises and' moves forward at the same time. It's upward motion is faster than its forward motion until it reaches a point about midway in its climb to the position occupied by "12," after which the reverse is true. As it passes "12's" position, it begins a descent as it continues to move forward. When it reaches the surface of the table again the imaginary line it has t~aced constitutes a "eycloid curve."

_Everett & Pacific Shir,buildinrr Co. plose-up view of the installation of cycl.oi~,!,~ propulsion 11~ on the expe1imental c'1"ajt. G1"eat posstbthttes a1:e seen . the 'J'ad·ical depm'tU'fe from the conventional screw 'If tests , a'fe successful.

,'CYcloidal propulsion differs, however, in that the ,xis of rotation is horizontal rather than vertical. he blades rotate at right angles to the plane of -Signat Corps, U. S. A. "Spinning on a di1ne" with the cycloidal propulsion unit. Ves­ "otion. They are mounted flush under the hull and, sels so equilJped ?nay also "crab" sideways, turn at top speed 'hen rotating, each blade changes its pitch during and back up without loss of screw efficiency. Device could ch revolution. This pitch may be altered by a possibly change na,vaZ tactics ,ntrol, thereby changing 'speed and direction. 'The five vertical blades of each of the two propul­ The experiments have been carried on for the past lqn units are feathered like an oar as the wheel 12 months by a little Army tug at Puget Sound. En­ ,,

The glvmg, selling, chartering and transferring ment in the American Merchant Marine. Many, of the ships of the American Merchant Marine to many more reasons have already been expounded by foreign powers is being determinedly opposed by the other shipping groups. Nationai Organization Masters, Mates and Pilots. "The writer respectfully requests an opportunity Captain William C. Ash, national vice president, to appear in person before you or any committee rep. has asked that every member of the N. O. M. M. & P., resenting you to give more details and factual data on this matter. It is honestly believed that if the in his own self-interest and in his interest in the con­ policies outlined in Sections 7 and 8 of the ERP are tinuing of a strong Merchant Marine, aid in this followed as regards shipping, it will be a blow to the fight by appealing to his legislators to stop this American Merchant Marine from which it cannot crass wastefulness of American shipping. easily recover. Captain Ash has looked into the future and seen "Respectfully submitted, the time when American seamen will be "on the "WM. C. ASH, beach" while American goods are carried in cheap "Secretary-Business Mgr., Local No. 88. foreign bottoms manned by cheap foreign seamen. "National Vice President. This view of things is shared by the majority of "Legislative Representative." American shipping men who also stand to lose by the building of a foreign shipping industry at the Captain Ash said, in addition: expense of their own. "This is a serious fight we have on our Captain Ash has also pointed out how a fiourish­ does not take much imagination to foresee wha ing "gray market" in steel is being built up in the happen when foreign bottoms moor on Ame U. S., partly because of the drain on our steel output shores and ask for cargoes at reduced rates, caused by the building of foreign shipping with possible because of lower living and wage American steel or by foreign steel freed for the pur­ ards; slack safety and sanitation levels, and in pose of American steel in industrial usages. instances Government ownership. Legislation to forbid further transfers or sales of "The American high standard of living American shipping to foreign powers has been asked. successfully do one thing. It cannot succe Captain Ash has sent the following letter to every compete in a free state of competition with member of the House of Representatives and the labor. A coolie does not require as much Senate: clothes, income tax or amusements as an Am "HONORABLE SIR: seaman nor does he know as many comforts dinary luxuries which we today take as mat "From page 1133 of Congressional Record I quote fact. Senator Vandenberg, 'IN THE FINAL ANALYSIS OUR PURPOSE IS NOT TO PROTECT THE He recalled the words of Secretary of Co AMERICAN MERCHANT MARINE,' etc. The Averill Harriman in January of last year writer, in behalf of the many thousands of Merchant speaking on the importance of the Mercha Marine officers and crews, asks 'SINCE WHEN?' rine, he said: "Your assistance is earnestly solicited to guaran­ "A healthy American postwar Merchant­ tee by legislative action the following: must be fostered. I feel we should aim at a· "REQUEST: No further allocation of funds for the most modern ships-most efficient for eac transfer, charter, hire, or purchase of American from our various ports to carry about a hal vessels. over-all basis of our foreign trade. To ace "REASON: Everyone of the nations we wish to this our Government should stimulate consta assist HAS ALREADY ACHIEVED THEIR PRE­ construction on an annual replacement basi WAR TONNAGE OF OCEAN-GOING DEEP will give us a healthy shipbuilding industry; DRAFT VESSELS. Although they state they will so sadly neglected after the last war." not use American steel for their extensive shipbUild­ ing program (over 15 million tons) they have stated "Every single member of the N. O. M. tliey will not discontinue shipbuilding. This means should take it on himself to write at least they will use our steel for structural purposes and sonal letters: one to his Representative an their own manufactured steel for their shipbuild­ to his Senator. Do it in your handwriting ing. At the completion of the E.R.P. they will then in your own words why you feel there s. have a fast, modern merchant fieet at our expense be any more ships transferred; for the go and we will be entirely out of the picture. country, the industry and yourself. Tr "REQUEST: A POSITIVE PERCENTAGE of at least 65 per cent of all cargoes purchased with these others to write, too. funds be CARRIED IN AMERICAN-FLAG vessels, "We must let the Government know, in regardless of where the cargoes originate. tain terms, that this policy, if continued, "REASON: To maintain the present rate of em­ disaster on an important segment of ou ployment without creati'1g any further unemploy- economy," declared Captain Ash.

141 TUt UHTtD MATE·} .e California Labor Group Supports Stand Of Organization on Planned Ship Sales lity By CAPT. C. F. MAY, Pnsident, to defeat the Taft-Hartley supporters, was .endorsed 'ep­ National Organization Masters, Mates and Pilots, by the convention unanimously and should be'sup­ iata West Coast Local No. 90 ported by all the membership. ' the The statement on the Taft-Hartley Law advises are Nearly 2,000 delegates, representing practically the unions on what steps to take to protect theii' the all of the AFL organizations within the State of interests, and calls to their attention the dangers .not California, convened in Sacramento to open the contained in the Act for the affiliated organizations. Forty-fifth Annual (Forty-eighth Anniversary) The statement on housing made a complete resume . Convention of the California State Federation of of the whole problem and proposed a number of steps Labor. Evidences of the growth of the Federation to be taken both by the state government and the were represented by the record-shattering attend­ Federal Government to alleviate this crisis. ance. These statements are extremely informative, and One of the most important resolutions passed by now that they have become the policy of the Federa­ the Forty-fifth Annal Convention was the following tion it is the obligation of the members to acquaint .one opposing the sale of American ships to foreign themselves with them and carry out their provi­ countries, which was introduced by Delegate May. sions to the best of their ability. We quote the resolution below, and it is important Of the nearly 300 resolutions which were sub­ . to stress that we now have the full support of the mitted to the convention by the delegates, there was one million members of the American Federation of one dealing with the need of establishing a separate Labor in California in our fight to prevent the scrap­ fund, by voluntary assessment, to help finance the ping of the American Merchant Marine. political program for the defeat of the legislators , . ,: Policy for the American Federation of Labor in who voted for the Taft-Hartley Law. the State of California was established in three com~ Other resolutions covering the vario\ls phases of prehensive statements submitted by the Executive trade union activity were acted upon and will be re­ ;Council, dealing with the political campaign for 1948 ported in detail in the final proceedings which the 'and the reapportionment of the State Senate, the Federation will issue soon. Nearly 160 resolutions Taft-Hartley Law, and the whole problem of housing. which the convention lacked the time to consider were referred to the newly elected Executive Coun­ , .In the statement dealing with the political cam- cil of the Federation. ':paign and the reappointment of the State Senate, The Federation convention is scheduled to meet in the Executive Council recommended that the var­ Long Beach, Calif., in 1948. iqus affiliated Central Labor Council bodies organize RESOLUTION No. 218-Presented by Capt. C. F. On a congressional district basis to oppose those May, of Masters, Mates and Pilots Union No. 90,' nators and congressmen who voted for the Taft­ San Francisco. artley Bill and who will be up for reelection. The tatement graphically outlined the organization of WHEREAS a serious threat to the American Mer­ hese United AFL Political Committees, and speci- chant Marine, and one which will seriously aggra­ ~ed in detail their activities. vate the growing unemployment of American sea­ men, is embodied in Senate Bill 1619, introduced, COf great importance will be the campaign tbat will upon request, by Senator Gurney in the United ,e launched by the Federation to place an initiative easure before the people of California in 1948 to States Senate; and e~pportion the State Senate. At the present time, WHEREAS this bill would authorize the President hIS; chamber is organized on a geographical basis. to charter Government-owned, war-built ships to. other words, Los Angeles County, with a popula­ "any foreign operator"; and on of 3% million, has only one senator, while a WHEREAS the chartering of these American ships all county up in the sparsely populated areas, with to non-citizens would not constitute any saving, and {-haps not more than 10,000, also has one senator. would not, in any manner, improve the efficiency in ,IS has given the preponderance of power to the the providing of relief cargoes to the countries in ,ore backward agrarian communities at the expense Europe in need of them; and ,the heavy urban populations represented by the WHEREAS a_ ri{{mber of countries which have .ger cities of the state. It means, actually, tax­ bought many of our ships, such as Norway, for ex­ .on without representation. The State Senate ample, supposedly for its own transportation and a h~s been responsible for defeating some of the economic requirements, are now owned and manned }t Important legislative measures submitted by by Norwegian personnel and are in competition in labor movement in Sacramento, and has been non-Norway trades with our ships from the Pacific lfearhead in passing laws, which were viciously Coast to the East Coast of South America and the ,1- abor. This campaign, together with the fight Pacific Coast to the Far East; and

BRUADV 10'0 151 -

WHEREAS Norwegian interests have offered to be in flat contradiction to the declaration of policy charter ships to American operators in New York, in the Merchant Ships Sales Act of 1946, which pro. at rates below which they could be operated by Amer­ vides that the United States have an efficient and icans, establishing that Norway was not in need of adequate American-owned Merchant Marine, sUffi. these ships as badly as it was claimed; and cient to carry its water-borne commerce, capable of WHEREAS should this bill be enacted, the Ameri­ serving as a naval and military auxiliary, owned can Merchant seamen will be forced to compete and operated under the United States flag, by citi. with foreign seamen whose wages are incompar­ zens of the United States: Therefore be it ably lower, while American shipyard and metal Resolved, That the Forty-fifth Annual Convention trades workers will be deprived of employment, of the California State Federation of Labor go on thereby placing into jeopardy the whole concept of record as being opposed to the Gurney Bill, S. 1619. maintaining the American standard of living; and and be it further ' Resolved, That copies of this resolution be sent to WHEREAS this does not in any way involve the the American Federation of Labor Convention re. question of helping the relief needs of the world, in questing similar action from it, and that copies also which objective the Maritime Unions are second to be sent to the Congressmen and Senators from Cali. none in their support; and fornia. WHEREAS should this measure be adopted, it would Referred to Committee on Resolutions. NOMM&P is "Powerful Force" Against Ship Sales The role the N. O. M. M. & P. is playing in the fleets, and we favor the principles of the Marshall opposition to the State Department's proposal which Plan. Tonnage figures show that the foreign mario would jeopardize the livelihood of many American time nations inclllded in the Plan have reached or seamen was recognized by the New York Times, are near their pre-war maritime strength. If thes'e which prominently carried this news story in its ships are turned over, the foreign maritime nations issue of December 30: will be 35 % stronger than they were in 1938.' "The powerfully organized National Organization "Captain Ash said the union had appeared before of Masters, Mates and Pilots, an American Federa­ Congress, during the debates on the interim aid pro­ tion of Labor union of deck officers, plan to set up gram, and had asked Congress to specify that no picket lines in every port of the nation in an effort relief moneys be used for chartering, hiring 01' pur­ to stop the proposed transfer of American ship ton­ chasing American vessels to sail under foreign flags. nage to foreign nations, it was announced yesterday. "The organization also sought a limiting amend­ "Under the European Recovery Program, or Mar­ ment to assure that American vessels would continue shall Plan, it has been proposed to sell or charter 500 to carry this country's foreign commerce in the same 'surplus' American vessels to other nations, so they ratio as in recent months-between 50 and 60 per can carry their own relief cargoes home. cent. Both union proposals were rejected, he said. "Capt. William C. Ash, business manager and sec­ "Captain Ash declared that 1,000 officers of the retary of Local No. 88, of the MMP, said that the union were now 'on the beach,' and he estimated 22,000 masters and deck officers of his union were that another 2,500 would be put out of their johs if opposed to the transfers and would picket the ships, the ships are transferred. Estimates of the amount loading piers, yards where some of the ships are of tonnage needed by the foreign nations varies, but assigned for conversion and the tugs that try to a Department of State memorandum on the ERP move them. mentioned the sale of 200 surplus ships and t " 'I would like to see one of them get away,' Cap­ chartering of 300 more. tain Ash said. "The transport section of the Harriman Aid Co~t "The union already had joined with other mari­ mittee, which made an exhaustive study of shIp' time labor organizations in voicing opposition to the ping needs, proposed that tonnage be made avat!­ proposed transfers, and it is expected here and in able to the foreign nations if these countries would, Washington that this feature of the ERP will pro­ reduce their own shipbuilding programs by an, duce a bitter and lengthy battle. Many members of equivalent amount of tonnage. The European n" Congress are opposed to the idea, and the sea unions tions have a 15,500,000-ton construction prOgr. and shipping operators assert that the transfer of laid out for the next four years. ships represents a major threat to the American "Members of the Harriman committee "'ho adv industry. cated the limitation on foreign building expr . "Captain Ash said no other marine unions had fear that the recipient nations would use Amert been asked to assist the MMP in the pI'oj ected picket tonnage while preparing their 9wn modern fl~r lines, but he expressed the belief that both AFL and and that at the end of the aid program the" CIO unions would approve and support the action. would have a serious over-supply of tonnage, E " 'We will advocate using every means to stop the without this limitation a surplus is thl',e~ltenedd transfers,' he said. 'What else can we do? The cording to Government shipping authol'1tte~ an union has never opposed the rehabilitation of foreign dustry groups who have studied the Plan.

TU~ MHHD. MATE AND P cy, '0­ 1d Solon Fears for Merchant Marine Future n­ of Representative Willis W. Bradley, of California, contracts in American shipyards will be completed in ed recently gave voice to grave misgivings concerning the first quarter of 1948. If we are to stimulate the ti- the manner in which the affairs of our merchant fleet building of the vessels so urgently needed, if we are are being handled. to preserve our American shipbuilding facilities, or­ on In a radio broadcast from Washington, D. C., ganizations and skilled workmen, Congress must act on' Representative Bradley cited instances to back up again in a similar manner to what was done in 1940. 9·, his points. His remarks at the time were reprinted We cannot wait. This must be done immediately. in the Congressional Record and were as follows: The hour glass is running out. Our merchant to marine, our shipbuilding industry and our national Is Congress Neglecting Our Merchant Marine? defense are imperiled. ,so ANNOUNCER. WINX and WINX-FM presents the MR. HART. Thank you, Mr. Bailey. Now we are ,seventy-ninth consecutive program in the series: Is going to hear from Mr. Oakes, of the Shipbuilding Congress Doing Its Job? Workers Union, CIO. Each week at this time a controversial subject is MR. OAKES. The first thing Congress must do is to discussed on this nationally famous forum. Today, recognize the obvious fact that America must have the issue under consideration will be: Is Cong-ress an adequate shipbuilding industry for the sake of our Neglecting Our l\i[erchant Marine? prosperity and for world peace. Without American Mr. Ed Hart, the Forum moderator, has as his ships and shipbuilding~ we can't have either prosper­ guests Frazer A. Bailey, president of the National ity or security. Yet, unless legislation is passed by Federation of American Shipping, and Walter Oakes, ,this Congress, shipbuilding in the United States will ,'" executive board member and Washington representa­ be stopped almost, completely in less than a year. ~,tiye of the Marine Shipbuilding Workers of America, There will be no new ships built; 200,000 highly ii: cro. And now, Mr. Ed Hart. skilled workers will be lost to other industries or out MR. HART. This is Ed Hart speaking from Wash­ of jobs; shipbuilding organizations will dissolve and ,ington. all shipbuilding communities will be terribly hard hit If we are to maintain our No.1 position in world by unemployment. Failure of the Congress to act :trade, we will need an adequate, well-balanced mer­ promptly will mean that the shipbuilding industry Jchant marine, second to none. Do we have such a fleet will collapse after World War II just as it did after :~oday? Is Congress seeing to it that we have such a World War I, with the same disastrous consequences.

Navy to Get New Test Vessel A high-pressure test vessel will be built by Bab­ cock & Wilcox Co. for the U. S. Navy's Underweater Sound Reference Laboratory, Orlando, Fla., officials of the company have announced. This unit is sim­ ilar to the one now being completed, but is designed specificaHy for Sonar measurements. The vessel, which has an inside diameter of 100 inches and an over-aH straight length of 25 feet 8 inches. will have a 1,000-pound working pressure. It will be fabricated of 4-inch steel with an ultimate tensile strength of 70,000 pounds per square inch. The vessel will weigh approximately 77 tons. The unit will be used to test operation of instru­ ments and fittings under actual conditions of pres­ 'VfJ'W of the six-story b'm'Zding on Washington Stnet, 610 York City, which will be horne to Local No. 88. sure and temperature.

r q 1 - Giant New Mechanism Puts ] Equipment to the Test in Proof-Loading Procedure Proof-loading of the component parts of lifting devices is now generally required throughout indus­ try.· This requirement has led to the installation of practical equipment by Paulsen-Webber for this purpose. The unit is available not only for proof­ testing products sold by this company, but to all in­ t dustry on a service basis. E d

r f E i f i e I

A close-up view of the equipment with protective /letting lifted. Device speeds testing of equipment used ill marjn~ and industrial life. Commission Registry Certificates, or test in the presence of representatives from Lloyd's, the Amer ican Bureau of Shipping, or other interested persons. Equipment was checked and calibrated in June, Operato?' p1"epares to place 250,OOO-pound p1'oof test on a eight-bloclc tackle. Device is encased in Wi1'C U?'ill fO?' 1947, to conform with recommendations of the safety measw'e. United States Government Bureau of Standards. Compliance to specifications drawn by the United States Maritime Commission, Government regulat­ Message to the Membership ing bodies of foreign countries, marine insurance (Continued From page 2) companies and others, is confirmed by this special­ stitution and By-laws? Local Port Rules? Agree­ ized unit designed and built to proof-load tackle ment under which you work? Have you read theml blocks, fittings and gear assemblies used in marine Do you understand them? If you have and you do, and industrial trades. you are one out of twenty. If you are one of the Proof-loading has, generally, been accomplished other nineteen you are in BONDAGE and your by the lifting of a dead weight of required tonnage. FREEDOM is limited. Secure these documents, The obvious amount of labor involved in fitting up read them, understand them and make use of them; for this kind of testing has made the meeting of re­ The national convention is fast approachmg. 1 quirements cumbersome and expensive. The Paul­ will convene May 10, 1948, in Detroit, Mich. Make sen-Webber unit, due to its design for this single suggestions to the delegate who will attend from purpose, is able to perform proof-loading work in a your Local for a constructive convention. scant fraction of the time. This equipment can handle proof-loading work up to 250,000 pounds. The service is offered to ship­ LOST SEXTANT yards, steamship companies, stevedoring firms, manufacturers of blocks, fittings or assemblies, W. A. Olson, Card 3814, Local No. 90, reports he has lost his sextant. It was last seen in the distributing houses carrying finished products in Ols~~ their inventories but requiring test certificates at union office storeroom in Seattle, Wash. the point of sale, or any other interested principles. would like to recover it. Anyone able to ah Various types of certificates are required to attest him may reach him by writing to him at p. . specified strains applied and Paulsen-Webber is pre­ Box 730, Port Angeles, Wash. pared to furnish its own forms, issue U. S. Maritime

rio 1 Speaking solely for the -Licensed Deck lOfficers, Latest Gallup Poll Says, Captain Ash stated that he had received reams of Union Labor Definitely complaints from skippers who have been forced to assume additional clerical burdens after their pur­ Does Not Like Mr. Taft sers had been discharged. Results of the latest Gallup Poll blasts wide open Hill pointed out that according to regulations the the absurd claim that labor union members are not master of every American merchant ship must desig­ 'roused against the Taft-Hartley Law and its effects nate some officer to maintain the vessel's medicine pon them as individual workers. chest and administer to ill or injured personnel. This fact was revealed when the public was asked Sometimes, Hill continued, the officer selected for to indicate its preference for President Truman or this post is not qualified to handle blood plasma, or 'Senator Robert A. Taft in the forthcoming presi- penicillin, or other drugs that require skillful ad­ dential race. ' ministration. 'Labor union members polled in all the 48 states rolled up a 3-1 majority in favor of Mr. Truman who fought the Taft-Hartley Law which was co-sired by Widow of Veteran Lakes Senator Taft. This is ample evidence of the think­ big of individual union members who have not been Skipper Recalls First fooled by the propaganda of business interests claim­ Carferry Trip in 1897 ing that the law confers great privileges upon work­ ers and frees them from the domination of grasping By HElJEN BURROWES ~Iabor leaders. ' Milwaukee "Sentinel" W"iteT " ' Of great significance is the fact that the nation­ A nautical victory won by Milwaukee over Chi­ ~wide result of the poll, without breaking down the cago 50 years ago was celebrated here several weeks o~cupational vote by groups, showed less than a 2-1 ago by its last survivor. majority for Mr. Truman. 'The voting showed that The victory was the inauguration-on February ,the most vigorous opposition to Mr. Taft and the 19, 1897-of railway carferry service across Lake policies for which he stands was voiced by individual Michigan. Before that time, all freight cars headed 'labor union members. through Milwaukee from east or west had to go The figures used above apply when the number around the lake to Chicago because there were no 'of voters who said they had "no opinion" are dis­ boats built to carry them over the shortcut. counted. If this group is included the majorities in The survivor is Mrs. Elizabeth Martin, 88, of ,avor of Mr. Truman are reduced slightly but do not Thiensville. She was one of the few chosen to make Iter the only possible conclusion. A poll of union the maiden voyage of that first steel carferry to sail ,embers, not labor leaders, resulted in the repudi­ the Great Lakes, for the very good reason that her lion of Taft's position by an overwhelming vote. husband, the late Capt. James W. Martin, was ,A complete breakdown of the ballots by occu­ largely responsible for the boat's existence. alional groups shows that Taft failed to win a ma­ The 1897 trip was from Ludington, Mich., to Mil­ ority from any of them. His greatest strength came waukee. Mrs. Martin relived it in reverse by travel­ rOI)l the business and professional group as might ing from Milwaukee to Ludington on the carferry, expected. Other groups, arranged in descending City of Flint. 'del' on the basis of support given Taft, are as fol­ She went as the guest of the Pere Marquette Rail­ ,\VB: White collar, farmers, manual workers, and bor union members. road. There were plenty of festive details to mark this as a special occasion. It was only natural that the major excitement attending the first trip should trong Protests Made Against recur only in Mrs. Martin's memories, but these came thick and fast as she was conducted around the Dismissals of Ships' Pursers boat. rotests by Tom B. Hill, East Coast Representa­ Watching the freight cars going into the hold, she ,e of the American Merchant Marine Staff Officers remembered how hundreds watched agog at Luding­ ciation, and Capt. William C. Ash, Vice Presi­ ton while 29 loaded freight cars and the private car t of the Masters, Mates, and Pilots, were issued of the PM's general manager were loaded onto the ntli' against dismissal by ship operators of pur­ Pere Marquette for its trial run. . and purser-pharmacist mates. Her visit to the pilot 'house brought back the !nce the end of the war, they charged, the com­ memory of Captain Martin standing at his post there !es have been ousting pursers until, today,' more as '!his" cal'ferry moved away from the Ludington 50per cent of the nation's cargo vessels are dock in the February dusk Captain Martin's long out men trained to perform clerical and medi­ career as a skipper on the Great Lakes had ended Puties. when he became PM's Superintendent of Steamships, ince safety of the ships' personnel is an important but he couldn't resist the pull of the pilot house again r, 'both spokesmen contended that the results for this historic voyage. yed from hiring such trained men would more (Two months earlier, he had also resumed his repay operators for the salaries expended. (Continued on lJage 16)

[II 1 Owners, Labor, Working Together Coast Guard' Specifications (Continued from page 1) On Distress Signals Chang' • sion must sell the vessel at the price and on the finan­ On October 24, 1947, the United States Co ' cial and other terms established by law. The Com­ Guard approved new specifications covering distr ,\EL I mission would thus be relieved for example, of the signals for merchant ships and tankers; ocean-goin' responsibility of making the determinations as to Am' coastwise and Great Lakes. The Federal Regist nouncE availability required in Section 6 of the Merchant October 31, 1947, contains the new specifications> Ship Sales Act of 1946. The consideration specified ton pa pages 7072 'and 7073. 000,00 in that Act for sales of war-built vessels to non­ These are the first important changes in ma citizens would, however, be required." Act of years in the specifications for distress signals to constrl The State Department document says in regard carried on lifeboats, liferafts and in the pilot ho been a to the conservation of steel and money by Ship Sales: or on the navigator's bridge of vessels of 150 gr largesl "While it is recognized that a large proportion of tons and over. since 1 the shipbuilding program projected by the partici­ They represent the Coast Guard's desire to 1940. pating countries is concentrated on types of vessel crease safety at sea by laying down strict sp chant in short supply, it is believed that some of the energy cations for watertightness and performance. has re and materials planned for this program could be ability of pyrotechnic dishess signals. Servic progr~ used to better advantage on other more urgent re­ is limited to three years from date of manufa the k' construction tasks if additional tonnage is made and signals not bearing a date on manufacture u over a available from the United States. Transfers of such the new specifications cannot be carried after J The additional tonnage to the participating countries ary 1, 1949. three should be linked, in so far as practicable, with a Day-Nite distress signals, made by Aerial more 1 reduction of the building of similar types abroad as ucts, Inc., of Merrick, L. 1., were approved unde 'on h a steel conservation measure/' new Coast Guard specifications on October 27, the co The program which has been recommended is at Approval of the Day-Nite signal was carri the G 'complete variance with the advice and wishes of ex­ The Fede1'al Register for November 1, 1947, a rram. perienced maritime men, both in labor and manage­ quoted below: ment. It is as though the State Department has 'resolved to make its own policy without advice and United States Coast Guard without experience. Whose voice, if any, reaches ApPROVAL OF EQUIPMENT and has reached the ears of the planning officers is By virtue of the authority vested in me by, difficult to understand. It could seem that someone 4405 and 4491, as amended (46 U. S. C. 375,' is deliberately attempting to scuttle the American and section 101 of the Reorganization Plan N Merchant Marine. 1946 (11 F. R. 7875), as well as the addition Management certainly has responded to the fight. thority cited below, the following approval of ment is prescribed and shall be effective for a The National Federation of American Shipping has of five years from date of publication'in the branded the plan as "a grave threat to the future of Register unless sooner canceled or suspen American shipping." proper authority: Frank J. Taylor, president of the American Mer­ 'chant Marine Institute, has said: SIGNALS, DISTRESS, COMBINATION FLARE, S "How American shipping will fare in the year HAND ahead will depend in a good measure upon the solu­ Approval No. 160.023/1/0, A-P Day-J:li tion of several complex problems. These include the combination flare and smoke distress SI ,extent of the American Merchant Marine's partici­ rangement Dwg, No. 4500-AR, Rev. No, 17 June 1946, manufactured by Aerial pation in the movement of cargo under the Marshall Inc., Merrick, Long Island, N. Y. Plan. Tied in directly is the increase in foreign com­ (R. S. 4417a, 4426, 4488, 49 Stat. 1544, petition that would result from the proposed trans­ 346, and sec. 5 (e), 55 Stat. 244, as ame fer of American war-built tonnage to foreign U. S. C. 367, 391a, 404, 481, 1333, 50 U. S. 'countries. Dated: October 27, 1947. "Despite frequent congressional and industry pro­ [SEAL] J. F. FAR tests, the continued dispersement of U. S. dry-cargo Admiml, U. S. Coast Comm tonnage to foreign interests is still under considera­ tion. The fact that Allied, neutral and some former enemy merchant fleets are at or within easy reach of tell a period of bitter competition betwee pre-war levels has failed to halt the munificent dis­ foreign operators and the American posal policy. Over 1,000 American ships have been industry. sold foreign to date. It is proposed under the Mar­ "The marine industry and labor, of shall Plan to turn over an additional 500 vessels to must view this proposal with some alar foreign interests by direct sale and charter. These make for less tonnage for operation u.nde,;, foreign sales and gifts, when coupled with the huge ican flag and hence a certain reductlOn foreign shipbuilding programs now under way, fore- nities for employment of American sea

r I"} , Tut IAHTFR. MAT Nauti~al • • Notes • •

AEL Plans Two Super-Ships crated at a cost which would en­ Refrigerated Sailings Deferred able them to tour Europe in their American Export Line has an­ The Refrigerated Steamship Line own cars at a cost which would not nounced the plan two fast 20,000­ will defer resumption of its Flor­ exceed the cost of comparable rail ida-New York coastwise service ton passenger liners to cost $40,­ travel on the continent. 000,000. Benefits of the Maritime until the start of the new shipping Act of 1936 whereby a 50 per cent season in October, according to Mormac Revives "The construction subsidy is granted has Ralph Keating, president of the been assured. They would be the Good Neighbors" company. When service was dis-' largest ships ordered constructed The Moore - McCormack Lines continued at the close of the citrus since the Ame,';ca was finished in were to have revived their sailings fruit shipping season in June, 1940. President Truman's Mer­ to South America with the de­ plans were to resume service in chant Marine Advisory Committee parture of the Argentina on Janu­ December with three newly-con­ has recommended that there be a ary 15. The runs of this ship, to­ structed high-speed refrigerated program initiated which would lay gether with the Uruguay and the vessels. the keels of 46 passenger liners B,-azil making up "The Good over a period of four years. Neighbor Fleet," will run .regu­ Alaskan Barge Dubbed Success The line awarded contracts on larly between New York, Rio de The first round trip of the Alash three new passenger-cargo liners Janeiro, Montevideo and Buenos Freight Express Corporation's more than a year ago but construc­ Aires. barge service between Anchorage tion has been held up because of Capt. Thomas M. Simmons, mas,­ and Seward was completed satis­ 'the continuing steel shortage and ter of the Argentina before and factorily and on time recently de­ the Government's economy pro­ during the war, will again be in spite a gale of 80 miles per hour. gram. command of the ship, which has Company executives were well been completely redecorated and pleased with the results and ",Depreciation Rate fireproofed. praised longshoremen and steve­ Said Too Slow dores in particulai· for the manner The Association of American Many Small Shipping in which they handled the cargo in iSliip Owners has made an inquiry Companies the teeth of the gale. The trip [[into the principles of assessing de­ The industry is speculating took 48 hours. preciatio!, on ships as practiced mightily on what's to become of here and abroad. They claim that the many small companies now en­ European Travel Up in '47 foreign methods are "more realis­ gaged in ocean trade. Small by Trans-Atlantic travel on United tic" than those used by the U. S. most standards, the number is still States Lines vessels increased ap­ rade. great for shipping circles. Fifty proximately 60 per cent during companies had practically all the '0 The contention is that sufficient 1947 over 1946, according to a re­ 'depl'eciation is not allowed and that dry-cargo shipping about two cent company statement. The re­ ,therefore the taxing rate is too years ago. Now there are as many port, covering 11 months by fig­ ~igh. . as 120 companies. After World ures, said 91,234 passengers were War T, many companies folded but carried between the U. S. and pelgium Hopes for Big Fleet a few got their starts as big opera­ Europe during the period. This is ;'Belgian sources say they hope to tors. Now the present big opera­ an increase of 34,000 over the same nlarge their merchant fleet from tors are watching to see if, when period in 1946. ,he preseut 269,000' (62 vessels) the expected "contraction" comes, some small companies will become 850,000 tons during the next 10 Politics Makes USS a "Must" ~rs; a figure which the Belgians the big operators they themselves lteve will be sufficient to care for have become. ' The political situations in the eit· maritime needs. Middle East are making conditions Kerr Now Sails to Spain for the merchant mariner ashore there virtually intolerable, accord­ rgain-Day Rates to Europe? The Kerr Steamship Co. has an­ :Arno~d Bernstein, owner of the nounced the reestablishment of ing to a report made by Louis S. ,e whIch bears his name, has said regular service from Gulf ports to Bershen, director of the Overseas • believes low-cost all-expense Spain and Portugal. Regular calls Service of the United Seamen's ,uropean tours at figures of $12 to will be made at Galveston and New Service. He called for a continu­ .Hper day are "a distinct possi­ Orleans and other Gulf ports as ance of the type of facilities made ly." One-class accommodations well if cargo inducements warrant. available by the USS "to make it R~ld be used. Also planned is a European ports of call will include possible for American seamen to ,i'vice whereby travelers would Barcelona, Cadiz, Seville, Lisbon, find decent means of spending their ,~ their automobiles along un- Vigo, Gijon and Bilbao. shore leave."

'RUm. 194R [ 13 1 I Member, Former Mayor and J bill WILLIAM J. ROUNTREE CO., Inc. Banker, Was Seaman at 60; 1 sell Specialists in The Far East Trade Now Holds First's Pape rna Charles S. Smith, former mayor of Berwyn tnt, Steamship Operators, Agents and Ship Brokers and a member of the N. O. M. M. & P. in good sfa J Freight Contractors to and from All Parts of ing, is perhaps unique in the world of seas and sh{ the World The former bank president first went to sea as', ordinary seaman when 60 years old and in five y . 24 STATE STREET, NEW YORK 4 has risen to obtain his master's papers. Telephone: BOwling Green 9~3040 At present Smith is first officer on the Arc Cable Addre,., WILLTREE, N. Y. Victory and is awaiting the time when he will h COlT GENERAL AGENTS FOR UNITED STATES OF Al'rIERICA a ship of his own. His story is quite simple when' up WAR SHIPPING ADMINISTRATION background of it is uncovered. [ Smith couldn't let a war go by without "ge ury into it." Casting about for a way to get into • but frol fray, he found that the Merchant Marine was c. Deck License Examination Preparation only service which had no age limitations so " signed up as an ordinary seaman. Coming' tax ARDUIN NAVIGATION SCHOOL through the deck department, he obtained his ernJ officer's papers in five years. Now he's sorr' thl" Approved by State Board of Education didn't go to sea when he got out of high school. Rhode Island "If I had," he said, "I would be a big oper W: Originals and Upgrades today." He hasn't done so badly for himself is. He was mayor of Berwyn, Ill., a suburb or. Individual Instruction to Each Student cago, from 1915 to 1917. After serving as an o lery captain in World War I, he went into the') tinu 86 WEYBOSSET ST. PROVIDENCE 3, R. I. ber and banking business in his home state of and Telephone: UNion 4519 consin. He rose to be president of the Wo stab (Wis.) State Bank. He and Mrs. Smith have ofL four children, all of which have gone through co Ann She flies to meet him whenever he docks. A 194( start of his sea career, her trips were short :} "] (;ONSOL he was a deck hand on a Great Lakes tanker. labo Removes Rust and Scale in the war he shipped on board tankers in the P 194~ area. :Pea' Prevents Further Corrosion First Officer Smith says he likes the life a avoi ship and likes the sea. Why? . Seer "Responsibility. That's what makes this I H CONSOL interesting," he declared. it IN PLAIN AND COLORS e at all Major Ports Income Tax Chisellers Cost INTER·COASTAL PAINT CORP. East St. Louis, Ill. Baltimore, Md. U. S, Over $3 Billion Ye' San Leandro, Calif. A conservative, businessman's news magazi United States News, charged that tax cheat the U. S. Government of between $4 and $8 b Cable Address "i.\1AROSOC" N. Y. Tel. WOrth 2-9263 year. Workers are not involved in this tax c the magazine declared significantly. MARITIME OFFICERS ASSOCIATION, Inc. Those who live on wages and salaries . 130 Greenwich Street counted on to come clean because their earn New York 6, New York reported directly to the Treasury," the INDIVIDUAL INSTRUCTIONS let it be known. MINIMUM TIME AND EXPENSE Because of the wholesale frauds. "taxpa FOR DECK AND ENGINE OFFICERS nay all they owe suffer a penalty imposed who pay less than the law calls for," th ALL GRADES pointed out. Deck Engine "The Government could easily give every. SELLERS & VAN WART O'NEILL & MANCINI a cut of more than 20 per cent next year Retired Members of M. M. & P. Members of M. E. B. A. Local No. 88 Local No. 33 comes that have escaped taxation could and taxed," the magazine added.

1 141 THF MAlTER. MATE And after that was done, it said, there would be billions left for debt retirern,ent and aid to Europe. Who does the cheating? Mostly businessmen and BRAMBLE NAVIGATION &MARINE self-employed persons, the article disclosed. It cited ENGINEERING SCHOOL many instances, based upon cases unearthed by Internal Revenue agents. • • • Automobile dealers far and wide "chisel" taxes by "The School That Teaches" understating the profits made on used cars taken as PREPARATORY COURSES for all (iRADES trade-ins for new cars. Many businessmen inflate OF LICENSE their expense accounts to ,escape their rightful share Approved Dnder G. 1. Bill of Rights , of taxes. Doctors do a lot of covering up, because their in­ • CAPT. HUGH T. ELLISON, Director come is mostly in cash, "which mayor may not show , Member. Masters, Mates & Pilots up in th~ir account books." 3 Commerce St. Telephone: During the year ending last January 20, the Treas­ BALTIMORE 2, MD. LEx. 3529 ury recovered close to $2 billio,n, "an all-time high," but that's still only a fraction of the amount nicked from Uncle Sam. "How much the Treasury is able to recover from PONCHELET MARINE CORPORATION tax evaders might well determine how soon the Gov­ ernment can afford to write off some revenue Independent Service to through a tax ,cut," the magazine declared. NORTH FRANCE-HOLLAND-BELGIUM SOUTH FRANCE-NORTH AFRICA

Wage-Price Balance Held MODERN AMERICAN FLAG SHIPS Greatest Need For Today Sailing Dates on Request Our greatest need, from the standpoint of con­ tinued prosperity for the individual wage earners 21 West Street New York 6, N. Y. and the whole economy, is to bring about a more WHitehall 3.8330 ·stable balance between prices and wages, Secretary "0£ Labor L. B. Schwellenbach said in his Thirty-fifth nnual Report to Congress for the fiscal year 946-47. "In marked contrast with the preceding year, BALTIMORE NAVIGATION and abor-management relations during the fiscal year 947 were characterized for the most part by the MARINE ENGINEERING SCHOOL eaceful negotiation of union contracts and the Courses for All Licenses-All Gmdes ,voidance of large or lengthy work stoppages," the CONDUCTED BY cretary said. J. "KNUTE" AUMAN He also pointed out that measured on the basis of MASTER MARINER timated total working time, the days lost at plants Pritu:;pal establishments directly involved in strikes aver- MEMBER lI1ASTERS, lI1ATES AND PILOTS ed well under 1 per cent. ' Approved by Maryland State Board of Education ~tudents Accepted Under G.I. Bill of Rights Attributing labor peace to free collective bargain­ .g, the Secretary emphasized that "perhaps the Baltimore School: Armistead Hotcl Fayeue & Holiday Sts• .pst important single factor in the resumption of Baltimore, Md. Saratoga 2890 ,ore peaceful and stable relationships between labor nd management, following the turbulence of the cOnversion period, was the return to normal peace­ :me bargaining practices based on the usual proc­ Attention Captains ses of free collective bargaining." n the subject of real earnings the Secretary said You can depend upon our prompt shipboard t "although the average factory worker's gross delivery of all your electrical requirements. kly pay rose from $43.31 in June, 1946, to $49.33 We carry the largest and most complete stock of marine electrical supplies and fittings. une, 1947, it brought him less in goods and serv­ at the end of the year than at the beginning." OWESEN & CO., INC. .he report also discusses the significant contri­ New York, N. Y. New Orleans, La. ,Ions of the Department of Labor to full employ- 125 Broad St. Ilt· and the high-level prodnction of civilian 238 Chartres St. Phone Bowling Green Phone Magnolia 3925 JIs, and to a wider nnderstanding of the real im­ 9-4097 San Francisco, Calif. of the price-wage relationship on our economy San Pedro. Calif. t 105 Front St. on the everyday problems of the Nation's wage 116 W. 7th S•. ers. . Phone Ter. 2·0378 Phone YD. 6-0518

,UARY, 1948 r 1 ~, Carferry Trip of '97 Recalled MERCHANT MARINE SCHOOL (Continued from page 11) Pen !VIa' of tho SEAMEN'S CHURCH INSTITUTE of N. Y, captain's role long enough to bring the quette from Bay City, where she was bUilt, throu \; 25 South Street, New Yort 4, N. Y. the ice choked Straits of Mackinac to Ludingt g T01. BO ..... ling Green 9-2710 thus confounding the skeptics who said it couldn'tO~, Founded 1916 done.) e

Licmsed < by the State of New York. "He was awfully proud of that ·boat," said Mr Martin. "He'd thought about such a carfeny fos. Origin~l and Refresher courses for Deck and Engine Oepartm.nt years, and after the PM accepted the idea he helpeS Officers. Ins+ructions to unlicensed personnel f~r endorsemenh to their certificates. make the plans and superintended every detail of the building." SEMI.PRIVATE TUTORING-DAY & EVENING Under the captain's loving guidance, the Pel' Marquette made the trip across the lake in fine stYle' and docked at the newly constructed apron on th~ Kinnickinnic River here at 4 a. m., February 20 Its handpicked passengers-most of them officialS-: JOHN A. McAVOY snatched a few hours' sleep and then went on deck Federal and State Tax Consultant for the carferry's triumphal passage up the Milwau. kee River to a berth at the Michigan Street bridge Specializing in Maritime Tax Problems That was really something, according to Mrs, Mar: tin-"Whistles were blowing, bells were ringing OPEN DAILY ALL YEAR hundreds of people were watching along the shore: Claims prepared for refunds of overpaid Nearly 50,000 came aboard to tour the boat hefore Social Security Taxes it left for Manitowoc the next day." Pel'e Marquette's Mail acceptable if you caDDot file in person. The story of the sad end after 35 years on the lake without a major aCcident was 15 Whitehall Street New York 4, N. Y. supplied by Capt. Bernard Rotta of the City of Flint. Bowling Green 9-0919 "I took her to Manitowoc to be dismantled ,in 1932," he said. "She wasn't much use any more, pe. cause her hold was too low to get modern freig cars aboard."

Di Giorgio Strikers Still in JATON Fight for Union Recogniti Eleven hundred members. of the National F CANVAS Labor Union and Teamsters, Local No, 87, tained their picket line around the 20,000-ac DECKS Giorgio Ranch while the owner was attending Rose Bowl Game in Pasadena on New Year's No Painting , The workers are resolved to redouble their elf to bring labor organization into the San Joa. TARPAULINS Valley and to picket the Di Giorgio Corporation· No Re-waterproofing it agrees to sit down with union representati . discuss wages, hours and working conditions fo BOAT COVERS employes. . No Holes As the strike goes through its fourth mont morale on the picket line is excellent. The AWNINGS has succeeded in blocking the importation of can-American strikebreakers from EI Paso by No Burning ing the Texas State Federation of Labor sW warrants for the arrest of the two Di Gior GUARANTEED-REPAIRS FREE cruiting agents. All Di Giorgio products have been placed Unfair List by the American Federation of Marine Canvas Supply Corporation and its affiliated members have been urged 700·6 Court Street, BROOKLYN buy the following brand names: "0 Yes w the Best" "Red FlaO''' "Sun Color" "High Branche.. NEW ORLEANS, BOSTON, SAN FBANCISCO , OJ '" T. A. O'NEILL, President "River Boy," "Earl Crown," and "Try One. , The strikers sorely need all assistance wh! be given them.

[ 16 ] THE MASTER, MATE A I I If your license was suddenly Mm'"_ ougl): ~ton,,'} SUSPENDED.. ,'t be NORTON-LILLY MANAGEMENT CORP.

Stea.",ship Ope.·ato.·s

Head Office: ... would you be 26 BEAVER ST. NEWYORK4,N. Y. "on the spot" financially?

• Whenever there is a casualty, regardless of who is at fault, you officers must take the blame. And this frequently results in your license being suspended, if not revoked. A tested type of insurance ... issued only to WHitehall 4.4880 American merchant officers ... offers these benefits in event of such a shipping casualty: 1. Legal assistance at the investigation or trial. 2. Protection against loss of wages, should your license be REVOKED or SUSPENDED. Standard Fruit 3. Protection against loss of the difference in wages should your license be reduced to a lower grade. & 4. Protection again loss of personal effects and instruments from shipwreck. These special policies are underwritten by a group Steamship Co. formed by four of America's oldest and most prom­ inent insurance companies: Aetna Insurance Co., Automobile Insurance Co., Hartford Fire Insurance Co., and Home Insurance Co. World-wide protec­ tion against such casualties that can happen to all • who follow the sea. Capt. ROY E. NEILL, Agt. 'l'ele!1l\oll€S : 111 Sutter St.. Suite 1030 San Frnncisco-=-D~~lgI;s2~lS34 San Francisco 4. C<11if. Alamec1a~ld..1~ehur"t _-lO{6 II Broadway Please send me details of policy: Name Age . New York 4 S.S...... Capacity Pay . Steamship Co. . . License No Grade Port of Issue . Permanent Home Address . .. - ' . TRAIGHT AND STALWART, every factory srack is a towering symbol of man's faith in the future ... industry's confidence in its ability ro create and to expand production for better living and a richer world. With confidence like that, Roebling has pioneered in developing and making an extraordinary range of products indispensable t6 industry. And the confidence that its products and engineering skill have earned in every industrial field is one of Roebling's most valued assets. Every Roebling employee is striving to safeguard that confidence by making productS and rendering services that are of maximum utility to you.

YOU CAN'T GO WRONG WITH THE RIGHT WIRE ROPE EVERY TYPE of Roebling Wire Rope ommends will give you top returnS per is right for certain service. But that's not dollar. Whatever type it is, preformed ~r enough ... the important thing is that you non-preformed, it will have behind It choose the one rope that's right for your Roebling's unequalled experience in .«­ own job ... the rope with the right bal­ search, development and manufactunng ance of strength, flexibility. fatigue and the finest wire products that can be ro~ abrasion resistance to give real economy Call or wire the nearest Roebhn, over a long period of use. branch office. Your Roebling Field Man will gladly JOHN A. ROEBLING'S SONS COMPANY study your requirements, and you can TRENTON 2, NEW JE~SE~ I Cififl have full confidence that the rope he rec- Branches and Warehouses in p"nClpG

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