37 BAB II DESKRIPSI OBJEK PENELITIAN A. Kasus
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The Revival of Tradition in Indonesian Politics
The Revival of Tradition in Indonesian Politics The Indonesian term adat means ‘custom’ or ‘tradition’, and carries connotations of sedate order and harmony. Yet in recent years it has suddenly become associated with activism, protest and violence. Since the resignation of President Suharto in 1998, diverse indigenous communities and ethnic groups across Indonesia have publicly, vocally, and sometimes violently, demanded the right to implement elements of adat in their home territories. This book investigates the revival of adat in Indonesian politics, identifying its origins, the historical factors that have conditioned it and the reasons for its recent blossoming. The book considers whether the adat revival is a constructive contribution to Indonesia’s new political pluralism or a divisive, dangerous and reactionary force, and examines the implications for the development of democracy, human rights, civility and political stability. It is argued that the current interest in adat is not simply a national offshoot of international discourses on indigenous rights, but also reflects a specifically Indonesian ideological tradition in which land, community and custom provide the normative reference points for political struggles. Whilst campaigns in the name of adat may succeed in redressing injustices with regard to land tenure and helping to preserve local order in troubled times, attempts to create enduring forms of political order based on adat are fraught with dangers. These dangers include the exacerbation of ethnic conflict, the legitimation of social inequality, the denial of individual rights and the diversion of attention away from issues of citizenship, democracy and the rule of law at national level. Overall, this book is a full appraisal of the growing significance of adat in Indonesian politics, and is an important resource for anyone seeking to understand the contemporary Indonesian political landscape. -
BAB II GAMBARAN UMUM A. SURAT KABAR TRIBUN JOGJA 1. Sejarah
BAB II GAMBARAN UMUM A. SURAT KABAR TRIBUN JOGJA 1. Sejarah Tribun Jogja PT. Media Tribun Jogja merupakan salah satu anak perusahaan dari Group of Regional News Papper Kompas Gramedia (KG). Perusahaan Kompas Gramedia (KG) didirikan oleh Petrus Kanisius Ojong dan Jacob Oetama pada tanggal 20 Juni 1965. Tribun Jogja merupakan salah satu anggota dari Tribun Network. Tribun Network sendiri memiliki surat kabar yang tersebar luas di 18 propinsi di Indonesia, yaitu di Sumatra terdapat Serambi Indonesia (Aceh), Sriwijaya Pos (Palembang), Bangka Pos (Bangka Belitung), Tribun Batam (Batam), Tribun Pekan Baru (Riau), Tribun Jambi (Jambi), dan Tribun Lampung (Lampung). Di Pulau Jawa terdapat Tribun Jabar (Bandung), Harian Surya (Surabaya) dan Tribun Jogja (Yogykarta). Di Kalimantan terdapat Bnajarmasin Post (Kalimantan Selatan). Tribun Kaltim (Kalimantan Timur) dan Tribun Pontianak (Kalimantan Barat). Di Sulawesi yaitu Tribun Menado (Sulawesi Utara), dan yang terakhir adalah Nusa Tenggara Timur yaitu Pos Kupang (Kupang). PT. Media Tribun Jogja adalah koran ke 16 dari Group of Regional News Papper Kompas Gramedia. Koran ini hadir menyapa warga 39 Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya pertama kali pada tanggal 11 april 2011, dengan tampilan 20 halaman, yang terbagi dari dua sesi yang masing-masing sesi terdapat dua web. Sebelum terbit dalam tampilan media cetak, pada tahun 2010 telah hadir versi online yakni Tribun Jogja Online. Bagi Tribun Jogja masyarakat ditempatkan sebagai orang spesial di panggung kehormatan. Hal ini dikarenakan nama Tribun yang diartikan panggung kehormatan dan menjadi tempat untuk memberitahu, memperlihatkan dan menunjukan hal- hal speSial yang dilakukan oleh insan tersebut. Oleh karena itu nama Tribun Jogja dipakai karena koran ini ingin menempatkan pembaca sebagai orang yang terhormat dan menyajikan berita dengan lengkap. -
BAB II DESKRIPSI OBYEK PENELITIAN A. Deskripsi SKH
BAB II DESKRIPSI OBYEK PENELITIAN A. Deskripsi SKH Kompas Informasi media tempat penelitian ini dilaksanakan berguna untuk mengetahui latar belakang pemikiran pekerja media serta alur kerja yang terjadi di media tersebut. Data mengenai surat kabar harian Kompas peneliti dapatkan dalam company profile yang diperoleh pada pusat data Kompas, Lantai 4 Gedung Kompas Gramedia Jalan Palmerah Jakarta Selatan. Beberapa data juga didapat dari sumber buku St. Sularto. A.1. Sejarah Berdirinya SKH Kompas Harian Kompas diterbitkan pada tahun 1960 atas prakarsa dua orang yakni Petrus Kanisius Ojong (atau yang biasa disingkat PK Ojong) dan Jakob Oetama. Kedua orang ini memiliki kesamaan yakni pernah menjadi guru dan memiliki minat di bidang sejarah. PK Ojong adalam pemmpin redaksi Star Weekly dan Jakob Oetama pada saat itu adalah pemimpin redaksi majalah Penabur. Keduanya bertemu dan membahas mengenai kesulitan masyarakat Indonesia dalam membaca format media majalah terutama yang berasal dari luar negri. Keduanya memprakarsai berdirinya majalah Intisari yang menjadi tonggak awal berdirinya kerajaan Gramedia Majalah dan juga koran Kompas. 39 Kompas dalam sejarah pendiriannya juga melibatkan Presiden Soekarno. Pada saat itu Presiden meminta Jakob dan PK Ojong mendirikan sebuah surat kabar untuk menampung aspirasi masyarakat. Awal mula nama yang akan digunakan adalah “Bentara Budaya”, namun Presiden Soekarno lebih memilih “Kompas” karena berfilosofi sebagai penunjuk arah bagi masyarakat. Maka didirikanlah harian umum Kompas yang kala itu dicap sebagai medianya partai Katolik. Saat ini Kompas berada dalam satu struktur manajemen Kelompok Kompas Gramedia (KKG). Inti dari bisnis perusahaan ini adalah media. Pertama adalah majalah kemudian merambah ke koran dan saat ini juga merambah pada media siaran dan internet. -
43 Bab Iii Gambaran Umum Harian Kompas Dan Data
BAB III GAMBARAN UMUM HARIAN KOMPAS DAN DATA PEMBERITAAN 3.1. Gambaran Umum Harian Kompas 3.1.1. Sejarah Harian Kompas Harian Kompas lahir tanggal 28 Juni 1965, tiga bulan sebelum peristiwa politik G 30 S PKI meletus. Lahirnya Kompas tersebut diprakarsai oleh tokoh-tokoh Katholik dengan motto ‘Amanat Hati Nurani Rakyat.’ Hati nurani adalah wujud semangat hidup tidak pantang menyerah terhadap segala macam tekanan hidup, keesokan harinya barulah Kompas mulai dipasarkan (Kasman, 2010: 154- 155). Surat kabar Kompas dalam sejarah pers Indonesia menduduki tempat yang unik, karena Kompas hidup dalam tiga periode yang berlainan, yaitu masa Orde Lama, Orde Baru, dan era reformasi. Nama Kompas sering diplesetkan dengan banyak istilah seperti, ‘Komando Pastur,’ ‘Komando Pas Seda,’ ‘Komando Pasukan,’ dan ‘Komt Pas Morgen.’ Hal ini tentu ada dasarnya yakni ketika Kompas lahir, tiap-tiap surat kabar mempunyai afiliasi politik mengharuskan Kompas memiliki afiliasi politik juga. Harian Kompas pun berafiliasi dengan Partai Katholik, yang diketuai oleh Frans Seda. Para Jenderal, seperti A.H. Nasution dan Ahmad Yani mendukung 43 44 gagasan tersebut, mereka mengangkat Petrus Kanisius Ojong yang memilih Jacob Oetomo sebagai rekanya (Kasman, 2010: 146-147). Kehadiran surat kabar Kompas tidak lepas kaitanya dengan kelompok militer dan aktivis Katholik saat itu. Awal tahun 1965, Letjen Ahmad Yani selaku Menteri/Panglima TNI-AD menelepon rekanya yang sekabinet, Drs. Frans Seda. Yani melemparkan ide menerbitkan koran untuk membangkitkan semangat republik bagi rakyat juga tentara untuk melawan pers komunis. Frans Seda menanggapi ide tersebut dan membicarakannya dengan Ignatus Josef Kasimo sesama rekan di Partai Katholik dan dengan rekannya yang memimpin majalah Intisari, Petrus Kanisius Ojong dan Jakob Oetomo. -
Islamic Hypnotherapy to Reduce Parent's Anxiety Towards the Future of Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders
Al-Balagh: Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi, Vol. 5, No. 1, January – June 2020, pp. 1 - 26, DOI: https://doi.org/10.22515/al-balagh.v5i1.1953 ISSN: 2527-5704 (P) ISSN: 2527-5682 (E) http://ejournal.iainsurakarta.ac.id/al-balagh ISLAMIC HYPNOTHERAPY TO REDUCE PARENT'S ANXIETY TOWARDS THE FUTURE OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDERS Tri Winarsih Zahro Varisna Rohmadani Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta Abstract Keywords: Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have anxiety about anxiety about their children’s future. This anxiety affects the the child's future; Islamic psychological well-being of parents. Therefore, parents need hypnotherapy; advice to reduce their stress level. Hypnotherapy methods have parents with autistic children been proven that those are able to reduce anxiety in various cases. For this reason, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of Islamic hypnotherapy in overcoming the fear of parents with ASD children. This study employs a pre-experimental method consisting of one group which takes treatment with the Islamic hypnotherapy method. The measurement of anxiety about the child’s future was conducted by giving a scale of stress to child’s future, before and after providing an intervention.The results were tested by using SPSS with Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test Z = -2.251 and Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.024 (p<0.05), which mean that Islamic hypnotherapy can reduce the anxiety faced by parents who have autism children. Islamic hypnotherapy is capable of reducing stress because it teaches positive suggestions and and releases samples’ emotions. Correspondence: e-mail: [email protected] Al-Balagh: Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi, Vol. -
Where Communism Never Dies Violence, Trauma and Narration in the Last Cold War Capitalist Authoritarian State
01 Heryanto (to) D 28/6/99 10:11 am Page 147 Downloaded from <arielheryanto.wordpress.com> ARTICLE INTERNATIONAL journal of CULTURAL studies Copyright © 1999 SAGE Publications London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi Volume 2(2): 147–177 [1367-8779(199908)2:2; 147–177; 008929] Where Communism never dies Violence, trauma and narration in the last Cold War capitalist authoritarian state ● Ariel Heryanto National University of Singapore ABSTRACT ● Indonesia’s militarist New Order, the last and longest-lasting Cold War capitalist authoritarianism, came to power in 1965 immediately after one of the bloodiest massacres in modern history. Vigorous cultural reproduction of the trauma of the events and continuous rehearsals of state violence on the nation’s body politic have been enormously responsible for the regime’s longevity. They constitute the most determining force in the identity-making of the powerless subjects, and in their everyday practices. Far from being systematic, however, the efficacy of the New Order’s authoritarianism is full of refractory and contradictory features. Neither instrumental political-economy nor cultural essentialism is adequate to explain them. Central to the enduring responses of the powerless Indonesians before the decisive protest in 1998, but most frequently misunderstood by scholars and human rights observers alike, is hyper- obedience, instead of resistance. ● KEYWORDS ● history ● hyper-obedience ● Indonesia ● narrative ● political violence ● popular culture ● simulacra Since the keyword ‘globalization’ has had the serious examination it deserves, its predecessor the ‘Cold War’ has been largely left alone. It seems there is a general perception that the Cold War is not only a dead thing of the past, but also essentially a clear-cut phenomenon. -
INDONESIA and EAST TIMOR @WOMEN in INDONESIA & EAST TIMOR Standing Against Repression CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 1.POLITICAL
£INDONESIA AND EAST TIMOR @WOMEN IN INDONESIA & EAST TIMOR Standing against repression CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 1.POLITICAL IMPRISONMENT ININDONESIA AND EAST TIMOR 3 Women prisoners of conscience 3 Arbitrary detention and harassmenton political grounds 4 Human rights violations against women labour activists 4 2.TORTURE AND ILL-TREATMENT 10 Background 10 Torture of women detainees 11 Ill-treatment of women detained as suspected prostitutes 12 East Timor 13 Ill-treatment in the context of family planning 15 3.EXTRAJUDICIAL EXECUTIONS,"DISAPPEARANCES" ANDTHE DEATH PENALTY 16 4.THE LEGACY OF HUMAN RIGHTSVIOLATIONS 18 Impunity 18 Impunity in East Timor 18 The women of Aceh: still suffering 19 The legacy of 1965 — the women's story 20 5.RECOMMENDATIONS 22 Endnotes 23 INTRODUCTION In May 1993 a woman in the Indonesian capital, Jakarta, was beaten up by 12 police officers as they came to arrest her on suspicion of conducting a gambling den in her house. A police spokesperson said that the police had "become emotional and slapped" the woman, and that the case had been settled on the spot. Two weeks later she was still being treated for cerebral haemorrhage in hospital. In December 1994, a female student activist was released from prison. She had been sentenced to one year's imprisonment for participating in a peaceful demonstration during which she had called on Indonesia's President Suharto to take responsibility for human rights violations committed by members of the security forces during his years in power. Women in Indonesia and East Timor suffer extrajudicial executions, "disappearances", torture, arbitrary arrest, unfair trial, imprisonment for peaceful expression of opposition to the government, and the death penalty. -
1996 Indonesian Middle-Class Opposition in The
Downloaded from <arielheryanto.wordpress.com> 9 Indonesian middle-class opposition in the 1990s Ariel Heryanto Indonesia’s sustained economic growth since the mid-1970s has unwittingly helped to revitalise two urban-based oppositional forces. They are the industrial workers and the middle-class professionals and activists (students, lawyers, non-government organisation (NGO) activists, journalists, artists, and religious leaders). Notwithstanding their dynamism, such oppositions encounter obstacles that constrain them as movements for far-reaching social change. Having been born out of, and having to operate within, the social structure they try to challenge, these oppositional groups find themselves in a position full of dilemmas and contradictions. What follows is a brief account of these new oppositional forces in the 1990s, and the difficulties they have to overcome before any radical transformation of the existing social order can be imagined. The main thrust of this chapter can be outlined as follows. The New Order regime achieved a hegemonic status on the basis of the extra-ordinary political violence in 1965– 6, and the continued reproduction of widespread fear in its protracted aftermath. The 1965–6 massacre took the lives of around one million people and jeopardised the lives of millions of survivors.1 That massive violence and subsequent terrorism provided the fundamental basis for sustained ‘political stability’ and successful economic development. However, the same events have generated new phenomena that increasingly undermine that basis. A new generation of middle classes and industrial workers has emerged. World capitalism incorporated Indonesia further into its structural relationships politically and economically, as well as culturally. Despite its continued success in keeping the economy of the nation growing, the New Order regime has been in steady political decline since the mid-1980s and more obviously in the 1990s. -
Generating History: Violence and the Risks of Remembering for Families of Former Political Prisoners in Post-New Order Indonesia
Generating History: Violence and the Risks of Remembering for Families of Former Political Prisoners in Post-New Order Indonesia by Andrew Marc Conroe A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology and History) in The University of Michigan 2012 Doctoral Committee: Professor E. Webb Keane Jr., Chair Professor Nancy K. Florida Professor Rudolf Mrazek Professor Andrew J. Shryock ! © Andrew Marc Conroe _________________________ 2012 For Karen ""!! Acknowledgements A great number of individuals deserve thanks for the support, guidance, insight, and friendship they provided to me throughout this project. My first debt of gratitude is to the former political prisoners, children and grandchildren of former political prisoners, and activists in Jogjakarta who opened their doors to me, welcomed or tolerated my questions, and shared their thoughts and experiences with me; I am admiring of their courage, resilience, and spirited engagement with the complexities and contradictions of their experiences. I would certainly not have made it this far without the love and unflagging support of my family. My parents, Harriet and Henry Conroe, got the ball rolling many years ago through their encouragement, love of learning, and open-mindedness about their son’s international peregrinations. I’ve been lucky to have my brothers, Gabriel and Daniel Conroe, with whom to share adventures, stories, and music over the years. Jack Wittenbrink provided my teenaged self with a first glimmer of understanding of ethnographic sensibilities and the joys of feeling out-of-place. Elizabeth Nicholson’s accounts of shadow puppet theater and komodo dragons first turned my eyes and ears and thoughts in the direction of Indonesia. -
Thesis Is Presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
The Internet, Social Media, and Political Outsiders in Post Suharto Indonesia A Case Study of Basuki Tjahaja Purnama Ezmieralda Melissa (21411454) B.Comm.(Bus) (Bond University, Australia) M.A. (The University of Melbourne, Australia) This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The University of Western Australia School of Social Sciences Media and Communication 2019 THESIS DECLARATION I, Ezmieralda Melissa, certify that: This thesis has been substantially accomplished during enrolment in the degree. This thesis does not contain material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in my name, in any university or other tertiary institution. No part of this work will, in the future, be used in a submission in my name, for any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution without the prior approval of The University of Western Australia and where applicable, any partner institution responsible for the joint-award of this degree. This thesis does not contain any material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. The work(s) are not in any way a violation or infringement of any copyright, trademark, patent, or other rights whatsoever of any person. The research involving human data reported in this thesis was assessed and approved by The University of Western Australia Human Research Ethics Committee. Approval #: RA/4/1/7931. Third party editorial assistance was provided in preparation of the thesis by Mrs. Gail Harper. ii The work described in this thesis was funded by The Directorate General of Resources of Science, Technology, and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia. -
Sing Wis, Ya Wis: What Is Past Is Past. Forgetting What It Was to Remember the Indonesian Killings of 1965 Robert W
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2003 Sing Wis, Ya Wis: what is past is past. Forgetting what it was to remember the Indonesian killings of 1965 Robert W. Goodfellow University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Goodfellow, Robert W., Sing Wis, Ya Wis: what is past is past. Forgetting what it was to remember the Indonesian killings of 1965, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, Department of History, University of Wollongong, 2003. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/1425 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Sing Wis^ Ya Wis: What is Past is Past. Forgetting what it was to Remember The Indonesian Killings of 1965 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY from UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG Robert W. Goodfellow BA (hons) DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY 2003 Ul Synopsis The personal trauma associated with the intense violence that engulfed Indonesia between October and December 1965 is not enough to explain how an open and documented history of the killings was silenced for over 33 years. Likewise, the New Order government's political and military power to suppress competing historical accounts cannot fully elucidate this enduring silence. History is a story about who controls the means of historical consciousness as well as the production of narratives. Therefore, part of the answer of what enabled the forgetting of the Indonesian killings can be found in an examination of the Suharto regime's propaganda project. -
Media and Religious Conflict: Commodification Analysis in Kompas.Com
MEDIA AND RELIGIOUS CONFLICT: COMMODIFICATION ANALYSIS IN KOMPAS.COM Conceived as a condition of completing the Strata I Program Communication Studies Faculty of Communication and Information By: ISA NAUVAL ABIYOGO L100154013 COMMUNICATION SCIENCE STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY SURAKARTA 2020 AGREEMENT PAGE 2 3 4 MEDIA AND RELIGIOUS CONFLICT: COMMODIFICATION ANALYSIS IN KOMPAS.COM (Commodification of Aceh Conflict in 2015 on Kompas.com) Abstrak Konflik menjadi komoditas bagi media. Pada 2015 tepatnya pada 13 Oktober, terjadi pembakaran gereja di Aceh Singkil yang dilakukan oleh Pemuda Peduli Islam (PPI). Akibat pembakaran ini umat Kristen dan Muslim di Aceh Singkil berseteruan. Insiden ini mengakibatkan satu korban jiwa dan beberapa orang terluka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan analisis menggunakan teori framing Entman. Model ini digunakan untuk menentukan bagaimana media massa membangun realitas dengan empat elemen: mendefinisikan masalah, mendiagnosis penyebabnya, membuat penilaian moral, dan rekomendasi solusi. Data analisis diambil dari situs Kompas.com dengan 17 berita dari 13-20 Oktober 2015. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui komodifikasi isi yang dilakukan oleh Kompas.com saat terjadi konflik di Aceh Singkil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada 2 komodifikasi yang dilakukan Kompas. Pertama adalah komodifikasi konten, dengan membuat judul yang menimbulkan rasa ingin tahu pembaca. Kedua, Kompas.com melakukan komodifikasi audiens dengan cara menyasar pembaca generasi milenial. Kata Kunci: Aceh Singkil, Komodifikasi, Framing, Kompas.com Abstract The conflict became a commodity for the media. In 2015 precisely on October 13, there was a church burning in Aceh Singkil carried out by Youth Islamic Care (PPI). As a result of this burning Christians and Muslims in Aceh Singkil became feuding.