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GIPE-017790-Contents.Pdf (590.3Kb) OFFICIAL AGENTS. FOR THE SALE OF GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. In India . \ lh:ssBs. TIU.CXEB, SPI:NX & Co., Calcutta and Simla. MESSES. N EWlU.N & Co., Calcutta. 1\hssRs: HIGGINBOTHA.M & Co., Madras. MESSRS. THA.CKER & Co., LD., Bombay. 1\bssas. A. J. CoMBRIDGE & Co., Bombay. Tn.B SuPERINTENDENT, AHERICA.N BA.PTIST MissioN PREss, .. Rangoon. · Mns. RA.DHA~A.I ATHA.RUI SAaooN, Bombay. Msssns. R. 0A.MBB! Y & Co., Calcutta. Ru SAHIB M. Guun SIBGH & SoNs, Proprietors of the Mufid-i-am Press, Lahore, Punjab. • MEssns. THOMPSON & Co., Madras. MESSRS. S. MuBTBY & Co., Madras. MEssRs. GonL N.u.J.YBN & Co., Bombay. · MnssBs. B. BANEB.TBE & Co., 25, Cornwallis Street, Calcutta. MESSEs. S. K. LABIRI & Co., Printers _and Booksellers, College Street, Calcutta.. · . :MEsSRs. V. KALYUI'A.IlA.lU. ITER &.Co., Booksellers, &c., Madras. lhssas. D. B. 'fA.BAPOREVA.LA., SoNs & Co., Booksellers, Bombay. MEssRs. G. A. N J.TESAN & Co., Madras. · . MR. N. B. MATBUB, Superintendent, Nazair Kanum Hind Press, Allahabad. TuB CA.LCUTTA. ScuooL Boox SociETY. MR. SuNDER P.&NDUBUG, Bombay. MBssRs. A. M. AND J. FERGUsoN, Ceylon. MES8B8. TEMPLE & Co,, .Madras. MEssRs. CoMBRIDGE & Co., Madras. MEsSRS• A. R. PILL.U & Co., Trivandrum. MESSES. A. CHAND & Co., Lahore. BA.BU S. C. TA.LUXDA.R, Proprietor, Students cl Co., Cooch Behar. · In England. lb. E. A. ARNOLD, 41 & 43, Maddox Street, Bond Street, London, W. ., MEssRs. CoNSTABLE & Co., 10, Orange Street, Le1eester Square, r..~ondon. w. c. M:sssus. GRINDLA.Y & Co., 54, Parliament Street. London, S. W. MEssRs. KBGAN :PAuL, TBENCB, TRUBNER & Co., 43, Gerrard Street, Soho, London, W. * MR. B. QuABITCB, 11, Grafton Street, New Bond Street, Londo11, W. MEsSRs. W. TBACXER & Co., 2 Creed Lane, Ludgate Hill, London, E. C. • MEsSRs. P. S. KING & SoN, 2 & 4-, Great Smith Street, Westminster,London, S. W. MEssas. H. S. KING & Co., 65, Cornhill, London, E. C. MR. B. H. Br.AcXWELL, 50.51. Broad Street, Oxford. MBssas. DIEGBTON BELL & Co., Trinity Street, Cambridge. Ma. T. FIBBER UNWIN, 1, Adelphi TerraP-e, London, W. 0. MEssRs. LuZJ.c & Co., 46, Great Russell Street, London, W. C. On the Continent. MEssRs. .R. FRIEDLANDER & Sou N, 11, Carlstrasse, Berlin, N. W. 6.· MR. OTTo lliRRA.SSOWITZ, Leipzig. Ma. RuDOLF HAUPT, Leipzig (Germany) • .Ma. KARL HIERSEMJ.NN, 29, Konigsstrassee, Leipzig. Ma. EaNEsr LEROUX, 2R, Rue Bonaparte, Paris. Ma. MJ.RTINUS NI.TBOF.F, The Hague. BENGtA.L DISTRICT Gv1.ZE1'TEERS. SINGHBHUM. SARAIKELA AND KHARSAWAN· [PricB-In India, B1. ~.S; in. England, 81. 9/l.] BENGAL DISTRICT GAZETTEERS. '- - SINGHBHUM, SARAIKELA AND 'KHARSA WAN. BY L. S. S. O'MALLEY, llfDU.ll' CIVIL SBBVICBo CALCUTTA: A THE BENGAL SECRE'rARIAT BOOK DEPOT. 1910.- PREFACE. I HAVE much pleasure in aoknowledging the assistance which I have derived, in compiling this volume, f1·om the Final Report on the Settlement of the Kolhan Government Estate by Mr. J. A. Craven, from the Final Report on the Survey and Settlement Operations in the Porahat Estate by Mr. J. H. Taylor, from the Final Report on the Operations for the Preparation of a Record-of-Rights in Pargana Porahat by Mr. T. S. Macpherson, r.c.s., and from the Final Report on the Survey and Settlement Operations in the Saraikela and Kharsawan States by Mr. C. W. E. Connolly. Much of the information contained in this volume is taken from those reports. L. S. S. O'M. ~ . PLAN OF CON 'fEN T S. CHAPTER. PAGES. I. PaYsiOAL AsPECTs 1-21 II. HISTORY • • • 22-46 III. THE PEOPLE .. • 47-65 IV. THE Has • • 66-95 v. PuBLic HEALTH • 96-98 VI. FoREsTs • . 99-108 VII. AGRICULTURE • . 109-119 VIII. NATURAL 0AtAMITIES . • . 120-123 IX. RENTS, wAGES AND PRICES . 124-139 X. MINES, MANUP ACTURES AND TRADE • . 140-159 XI. MEANS oF CoMMUNICATION . 160-162 XII. LAND REVENUE ADMINIS'fRATTON • • • 163-187 XIII. GENERAL ADMINISTRATION • . 188-198 XIV. LocAL SELF-GovERNMENT .. • 199-200 XV. EDTJCATION . 201-205 XVI. GAZETTEER • 206-226 SARAIKELA STATE. I. PHYSICAL AsPECTS • 227-228 II. HISTORY • • • • ~ 229-231 III. THE PEOPLE • • • • • • 232-233 IV. AGRICULTURE • • • 234-236 v. LAND REVENUE ADMINISTRATION • • • 237-243 . • VI. GENERAl. ADMINISTRATION . • 244-246 VII") GAZETTEER . .. • • 247-248 KHARSAWANI STATE. I. PHYSICAL AsPECTs • • • • 249 II. HISTORY • • 250-251 III. THE PEO:PLE • • • • 252-253 IV. LAND RBl'ENUE ADMINISTRATlON . 254-255 v. GHNERAL ADMINISTRATION • • 256-257 INDEX • • • • • • • ' • 259-266 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I. PHYSICAL ASPECTS. PACIIS, GEli'BRAL DESCRIPTION-Origin of name-Boundaries-conflguration- N.&TUBAL DIVISIONS-Se.njai Valley-Dhalbhiim-Poribiit-Kolbin­ Siranda PJr-SOENEBY-HILL SYSTEH-Nortb-western spur-Trap-range­ Quartzite range-Schistose range -North-eastern spur-Principal peaks­ RIVER BYSTEH-SUBABNABBXRA SYBTEH:_Su barnarekhii.-Kharkai­ Roro-Sanjai-BAITABANI BYSTBH-BBARHANI BYSTBH-South Koel­ North and South Karo-Deo-Koina-GEOT.oOGY-Supertlcial deposits­ Dhirwir rocks-Gneisses and granites-Igneous rocks-Minerals-Gold­ Copper-Iron and Manganese-Miscellaneous-BOTANY -FAUN .&-Game · birds-Reptiles-OLIHATB-Temperature-Rainfall ... 1-21 • CHAPTER II. HISTORY. TRB BTOlfB AGB-EABLY OIVILIZATION-TRB J.&.INS-ABOBIGINAL BA.OBS­ BBITIBB CONQUEST OP DRALBRUH-EABLY BBLATIONS WITH POBARAT­ FIBST INVASION Ol!' TRB KOLRAN-8UBMISSION Ol!' THB HoS-KOL BEBBLLlO:N-GANGA NARAYAN'S BEBELLION-ANNEXA.TIO:N Ol!' THE KOLRAN-l\IUTIBY Ol!' 1857-BIBSAIT OUTBBBAX Ol!' 190Q-ADMI:NIS• 'mATlVB OliAlfGBS ,., 22-46 CHAPTER III. THE PEOPLE. GBOWTII OP POPULATION-cENSUS OP 1901-Density-Migration-Towna and villages-VILLAGB:oRG.lNIZATION -Pir1-Manlcis and mundai-Pt'fJdkt'ital --0COUPATIONS-SBX AND HABBIAGB-LANGUAGES-M_undi languages­ RBLIGfONS-Hindua-Muhammadana-Christians-TBIBES AND CASTES.....,. Origin-Nomenclature-Distribution-Principal tribes and castes-Bantils -Goilis-Bhumij-Mundis-Mund~ monuments- Tintia- Bhuiyis- Xurmis-Ximira .. , n• · ,,. ,., ... 47-65 TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER IV.. THE HQS. PAGBS. TBADl'rlONS o:r ORIGI!T-P:U:YSIC.lL 'rYPB-GENBRAL CHARACTERISTICS­ DBVBLOPHEN'r lJNDER BBI'rlSR BULB-DBESS-llfTERNAL STB.UOTURB­ BIR'r:U:-MARRIAG I-FUNERAL CER BHONIES-SUPUJ.CHR.&L liONUJIIEliTS -PROPBRTY--0AS'rB-LANGUAGB-FOLXLORB-RBLIGIO.N-DBITIIS­ SPIRITS OP THB DBAD-WI'rCHCRAFT-E:X:ORCIS}I-FBSTIVALS-l\laghi­ Bti PMa&-Other festivals~AHUSB:ME.NTS-:VILLA~E,s-Vxi:.LAGII LIFE- ColiHlJltAL. BYS'rEll~ _ ••• : G6-95 CHAPTER V •. PUBLIC HEALTH•. · CLi'HA'rB-VITAL STATISTIOS-PBINCIP AL DISE.ASES-Fever-Cholera-Small· pox-Other diseases-Infirmitie~~ VACOiiU.TlOli~M~DIC.&!' I~STITU'riONS 96-98 1 > .l ••• •. l - !' (. • > • " • • • .. '- , .... CHAPTER VI ... : . ' ' ABBA· AND BI'rt1UION--CHAR1CTEB o:r F~imsu.:.The aiil forests-Yixed forests-BESEBVBD PORESTS-History-Systen:i of ~qaoagemeot-Markets­ Revt1nUe prospects-?rotection-Relationa with the people-PROTECTED POBBS'rS-Kolhin-Porabit-0THBll FORESTS 99-108 CHAPTER VII. AGRICULTURE. GENEBAI. CONDITIONS~&AlNIALL-lBBIGATION-.Bandk.t-Wells-CLASSES OP LAND-PRINCIPAL CROPS-Rice-Other cereals and pulses-Oil-seeds..,... Sugarcane-Cotton-Tobacco-METHODS. OP CULT!:V ATION-.RotatioQ­ Manures-E:X:TENSION OP OULTIV ATION-hlPROVBMEN'r OP CROPS- CATTLE ... 109-119 CHAPTER VIII. NATURAL CALAMITIES. LIA:BILITY TO FAHINB-FAHIBB OF 1866-'FAllllliE OP 1874-FAMIIIB OP 1897.-FAHINB OP 1900 ,,. ·••• 12~123 ·CHAPTER IX. RENTS, WAGES AND PRICES. RBFTB-Kolhin-Porihit-Dhalbhii.m -Rakumits and a'hwalJs-Betk'hegiri­ l'BICIS-WAGES-SUPPLY OF LA.:BOUR-M.l'IEBIA.J. CO.li'DITIOI!l-Kolhiin- }'oribit-Dhalbhii.m ... .., .. • 124-139 TABLB OP' VONTENTS. xiii CHAPTER X. MINES, MANUFACTURES AND TRADE. PAGES, MINEs-Copper-Gold-Native methods of gold recovery-Ancient workings­ Prospects-Iron-Manganese-Mica-Soapstone · quarries-Limestone­ MANO':rACTUBEs-Tata. Iron and Steel Works-Cocoon-rearing-Othel' · industries-TBADB-Weights and measures-Land measures ... 14.0-159 . CHAPTER XI. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION. ' R.ULWAYS-ROADS-BUNGALOWS-CONVE}" AN CBS-W ATEB COMMUNICATIONS- POSTAL COlllllUli'ICATIONS ••• . .... .. , ,., 16G-162 . , .. - .. ' CHAPTER. XII~ ~ .. •' !. • .. ' . • • LAND REVENUI!: ADMINISTRATION• .. '· ' ... '.... - KoLRA.N-Revenue History-Settlement of 1837-:Settlement of 1897-System of adminilltration-Manki&-Munda•-Tak.s'laar&-Rules regarding Dikkua-Tenures-Rights of tecants-PORABAr-Land tenurea-Zamin­ diil'i of Poriihiit.-Tenure-holders-Klorpoak-Ckikri.in-nent-free land--· Tenants• rights-.Mankis-Headmen-Kkuntkattidars -Ryoti rights­ !,orest rights-Rights· ,in trees-Miscellaneous· incidents-DRA:LBRUM­ Revenue history- Gk'iitwals-Pradh'iini tenures~Other tenures...:.nunl· katti rights ••• ,.. ••• ... ... 163-187 CHAPTER XIII. GENERAL ADMINISTRATION. ADMINISTRATIVE CHARGES AND STAl!'J!'-REVBNUB-Land revenue-Excise­ Stamps-Cesses-lncome-tax-Registration-ADMINISTRATIOll' OP JusTICE -Crime-Criminal castes-POLICE-village police-Kolhii.n-Porihit- Dhalbhiim-Cke~ukidiri system-JAILS-Ko:LRA.N. MARKET FUND ... 188.-198 CHAPTER XIV. LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT. MUNICIPALITIES-DISTRICT ROAD COMMITTEE_ ... CHAPTER XV. EDUCATION. P:aoGBEBB OP EDltCATio:N-SBco:KDARY ScHooLS-PRIMARY Scs:ooLs-GI:aLs• ' SoHoo;r.s'""':'Si>EciAL ScnooLs-IND11STRIAL ScHoor.s-EDtrOATION' o:r . £BOlii.IGllULS ... ... ... -- ... ... ••• ~01-205 xiv TABLE 0!' CONTENTt:. CHAPTER XVI. GAZETTEER. PAGES, AlUliTDJ,>UB- Babarigori-Bandgiioo - Benusigar - Cbaibisi - Chaiupm­ Chakradbarpur -Cbakulii-Dbalbbum-Gbitsili-Goilkeri-Haludpukur or HaldipuklJur-Jagannithpur-1aintgarh-Kilimiti-:-Keri-Kcsnigarh· .Kolbin-Kolbio Pirs-llanobarpui--Porihat esta~Ruam~Sadant Pirs -Siranda--Siranda Garb • .. ,,, ••• 206-226 BARAIKELA STATE. · CHAPTER I: PHYSICAL ASPECTS.
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