Monitoring of Indian Aquatic Resources Series: MINARS/ 29 /2008-2009
STATUS OF WATER QUALITY IN INDIA- 2007
CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS Website: www.cpcb.nic.in e-mail: [email protected]
JULY 2008
CONTRIBUTIONS
Supervision and Co-ordination : Dr. B. Sengupta, Member Secretary
Dr. R.C. Trivedi, Additional Director
Report Preparation : Mr. R.M. Bhardwaj, Scientist `C’
Ms. Garima Dublish, Junior Research Fellow
Ms. Sandhya Shrivastava, Junior Research Fellow
Ms. Shweta Gaur, Junior Research Fellow
CONTENTS
Page Executive Summary I-VII
Chapter I Introduction and Methodology of National Water Quality 1-12 Monitoring Programme 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Water resources of India 1.2.1 Surface Water 1.2.2 Ground Water 1.3 Water Quality Monitoring Programme 1.3.1 Objectives 1.3.2 Monitoring Network 1.3.3 Parameters Observed 1.3.4 Frequency of Monitoring 1.3.5 River Basin wise Distribution of Water Quality Monitoring Stations 1.4 Approach to Water Quality Management Chapter II Water Quality Trend in India 13-22 2.1 Water Quality Trend 2007 2.2 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 2.3 Total Coliform (TC) 2.4 Faecal Coliform (TC) 2.5 Water Quality Trend (1995-2007) 2.6 Water quality Trend of BOD in Rivers Chapter III Water Quality of Rivers at a Glance 23-32 3.1 Observed Water Quality 3.2 Organic and Pathogenic Pollution 3.3 Other parameters 3.4 Groundwater Quality Chapter IV Water Quality of Rivers in Indus Basin 33-36 4.1 Indus River System 4.2 Water Quality Monitoring in Indus Basin 4.2.1 Water Quality of river Beas 4.2.2 Water Quality of river Satluj 4.2.3 Water Quality of rivers Ravi, Parvati, Largi,Swan and Sirsa Chapter V Water Quality of Rivers in Ganga Basin 37-45 5.1 Ganga River System 5.2 Water Quality Monitoring in Ganga Basin 5.2.1 Water Quality of river Ganga 5.2.2 Water Quality of river Yamuna 5.2.2.1 Major Water Quality Segments 5.2.2.2 Critical Segments 5.2.2.3 Water Quality of river Yamuna 5.2.3 Water Quality of tributaries - Kalinadi, Ramganga, Gomti, Saryu, Ghaghara, Hindon, Kali- Hindon, Rihand, Rapti, Sikrana, Sai, Sirsa,
Page Daha, Farmar and Gandak 5.2.4 Water Quality of tributaries - Chambal, Khan, Kshipra, Parvati, Betwa, Sind, Tons, Sone, Johila, Sankh, Mandakini and Gohad 5.2.5 Water Quality of tributaries – Damodar, Barakar, Mahananda and Rupnarayan Chapter VI Water Quality of Rivers in Brahmaputra Basin 46-49 6.1 Brahmaputra River System 6.2 Water Quality Monitoring in Brahmaputra Basin 6.2.1 Water Quality of river Brahmaputra 6.2.2 Water Quality of tributary stream Dhansiri 6.2.3 Water Quality of tributary streams Subansiri, Kharsang, Burhidihing, Pagladia, Digboi, Jai Bharali, Kolong, Manas, Disang, Jhanji, Bhogdoi, Mora Bharali, Borak, Bharalu, Kathakal and Deepar Bill Chapter VII Water Quality of Rivers in Mahi Basin 50-51 7.1 Mahi River System 7.2 Water Quality Monitoring in Mahi Basin 7.2.1 Water Quality of river Mahi and tributaries Panam and Anas Chapter VIII Water Quality of Rivers in Sabarmati Basin 52-54 8.1 Sabarmati River System 8.2 Water Quality Monitoring in Sabarmati Basin 8.2.1 Water Quality of River Sabarmati 8.2.2 Water Quality of tributary streams Shedi and Khari Chapter IX Water Quality of Rivers in Narmada Basin 55-57 9.1 Narmada River System 9.2 Water Quality Monitoring in Narmada Basin 9.2.1 Water Quality of River Narmada and Tributary Chota Tawa Chapter X Water Quality of Rivers in Tapi Basin 58-60 10.1 Tapi River System 10.2 Water Quality Monitoring in Tapi Basin 10.2.1 Water Quality of River Tapi,