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Minerals in Arizona Through Geologic History

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Rillito cement plant Mineral photos from the former Arizona Mining and Mineral Museum, closed in 2011 by the Arizona Historical Society. Jan C. Rasmussen, Consulting Geologist, Ph.D., SME R.G. and Stanley B. Keith, MagmaChem Exploration Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 23, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 22, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com Orogenic Orogeny Age (Ma) Age (period) Industrial Minerals Productive Mining areas/ Examples Phase Permian Holbrook salt, potash, gypsum; Coconino Ss. flagstone; Alleghenian (Ouachita) 325-220 Miss. – Triassic Gypsum, Salt, Potash, Flagstone cavities for gas storage in Supai evaporites; Moenkopi dimension stone Lull between Acadian - 360-325 Mississippian Limestone, Lime, Marble Escabrosa & Redwall Ls. for cement Alleghenian Acadian/ Caledonian 410-380 Devonian Limestone for flux Martin Fm. Cambrian – Taconic. 490-445 Quartzite for flux Bolsa Quartzite Ord. Late Middle Serpentine asbestos – Mescal Proterozoic – Chrysotile asbestos (Salt R. Canyon, Grenville 1200-900 Ls. altered by diabase; Dripping Early Late Sierra Ancha Mts.); dimension stone Spring Quartzite for flux Proterozoic White Picacho pegmatites; Four Middle Silica, Feldspar & Mica from Peaks Amethyst; Buckeye Hills Oracle/Ruin 1440-1335 Proterozoic pegmatites; Beryl; Granite feldspar; granite dimension stone, crushed landscaping & clay Late Early Mayer metarhyolite decorative facing Mazatzal 1750-1600 Silica, Granite Proterozoic stone; Payson granite road metal Late Early Crushed stone, BIF hematite for feed Yavapai 1800-1775 Silica, Granite, Schist Proterozoic for cement plant Middle Late Sparse localities – no Penokean/ Hudsonian 2000-1800 Proterozoic production Jan Rasmussen Orogenic Orogeny Age (Ma) Age (period) Industrial Minerals Productive Mining areas/ Examples Phase Sand, Gravel, Cinders, Peridot, San Francisco volcanic field cinders, San Zeolites, Gypsum; Clay from altered 5-0 Pliocene (5-2 Ma) Carlos olivine; Bidahochi Fm. hydrofrac latitic vitric ash, Hydrofrac sand sand, Cheto bentonite clay San Andreas Basin & Range reworked from Permian sand Halite; Perlite; Cinders, Pumice, Luke Salt, Red Lake halite; Bowie zeolite; Late Miocene (12- 13-5 Perlite, Zeolite; Gypsum; Specialty San Pedro valley gypsum, diatomite, 5 Ma) Clay, Diatomite Burro Creek clay Middle & Late Fluorite, barite assoc. with gold Late (Whipple) 18-13 Miocene (16-12 Oatman fluorite veins; amethystine quartz Ma) Superior perlite; Sleeping Beauty Early Miocene Fluorite, barite assoc. with Middle (Datil) 28-18 turquoise from Castle Dome mine; Apache Galiuro (23-14 Ma) Pb-Zn-Ag F veins; gravel Leap Tuff building stone Early (South Late Oligocene 30-22 Gravel : Mountain (28-23 Ma) Earliest Early Oligocene 38-28 Clay, Gravel Pantano common clay for bricks (Mineta) (34-28 Ma) Late Early Eocene (56- 55-43 Feldspar, Beryl, Mica; Gravel (Wilderness) 41 Ma) Metamorphism of limestone to Clay at Kalamazoo (San Manuel); Middle Paleocene (66-56 65-55 marble; clay alteration on fringes of Sahuarita marble; Turquoise at Kingman, (Morenci) Ma) Laramide porphyry Cu Castle Dome Early Fluorite assoc. with Pb-Zn-Ag veins & 85-65 Late Cretaceous Kaolinitic shales Upper Cretaceous E AZ (Tombstone) replacement deposits Earliest 89-85 mid-Cretaceous (Hillsboro) Early & mid- Paul Spur Lime in Mural Ls. of Bisbee Sevier 145-89 Limestone; Lime Cretaceous Group Late 160-145 Late Jurassic Early & Middle Middle 205-160 Turquoise; Sandstone for flux Bisbee blue turquoise Nevadan Jurassic Early 230-205 Late Triassic Gypsum, Petrified Wood Chinle Fm. Petrified wood; Jan Rasmussen Cleveland Co., NC Orthoclase feldspar, Dragoon Mica occurrences Feldspar occurrences Operation Name Company Black Canyon Mica3 Azco Mica Inc. Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 22, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com Oracle Granite, Santa Catalina Mts. Amethyst, Four Peaks mine, Mazatzal Mts., Maricopa Co. Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 23, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com U Apache Gp., serpentine asbestos El Dorado mine, Gila Co. Diabase in contact with Mescal Limestone made marble and serpentine asbestos Diabase in Apache Gp Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 23, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com Arizona was on the western, trailing edge of North America Collisions of eastern N.A. with Europe or Africa made large mountain ranges. Arizona mostly had seas go in and out (transgression/regression). Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 23, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com Mostly Coconino Ss Operation Name Company Name Hammond Wholesale Oak Quarry - Permian (~280 Flagstone Oak Quarry Harley Gray Stone Company Partridge Quarry Harley Gray Stone Company Ma) flagstone Bacon and Beans Horner Stone Quarry Cucamunga Quarry Horner Stone Operation Name Company Name Mary Ann Quarry Horner Stone Apache Quarry American Sandstone Ferno/Oaky Quarry Levin Stone Company Inc. Black Cat Quarries American Sandstone Levin Stone Plant Levin Stone Company Inc. Blaser Stoneyard American Sandstone Switchback Quarry Mortimer Inc. Coconino Quarries 1 American Sandstone Rock Ridge Quarry Rock Ridge Quarries LLC Cucamunga Quarry American Sandstone Geronimo Quarries American Sandstone Stone Yard and Plant Silver Arrow Stone Golden Buckskin Quarry American Sandstone Sweet Thing 1 and 2 Silver Arrow Stone Mills Quarries American Sandstone Crookton Quarry Star Stone Quarries Inc. Red Bird Quarry American Sandstone Champagne Quarry Stone World Santa Cruz Quarry American Sandstone Classic Oak Stone World TrickTank Quarry American Sandstone Yellow Horse Quarries American Sandstone Lizard Group Quarries Stone World New River Slate Quarry Anasazi Stone Mayer Onyx Stone World Rattlesnake Quarry Anasazi Stone Rattlesnake Canyon Stone World Sidewinder Quarry Anasazi Stone Blue Bell Schist Quarry Apache Stone Sedona Red Stone World Brown Dog Quarry Apache Stone Copper Queen Triple R Stone Echo Green Quarry Apache Stone Rainbow Schist Quarry Apache Stone White Mountain Sandstone Arizona Gold Jagged Tooth Quarry Arizona Aggregate Removers Corp. Diamond 7 Oak Quarry Drake Stone Products Inc. White Mountain Sandstone Diamond 7 Quarry Drake Stone Products Inc. Buckskin Quarry Corp. M C Canyon Quarry Drake Stone Products Inc. White Mountain Sandstone Rockhouse Quarry Drake Stone Products Inc. Chocolate Antelope Quarry Dunbar Stone Company Inc. Corp. Blue Jay Quarry Dunbar Stone Company Inc. White Mountain Sandstone Hualapai Chocolate Quarry Dunbar Stone Company Inc. Shiraz Corp. Red Bird Quarry Dunbar Stone Company Inc. White Mountain Sandstone Granite Pit Fort McDowell Yavapai Materials Sierra Quarry Corp. Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 22, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com Buckeye Hills Quarry Kilauea Crushers Inc. Estrella Quarry Kilauea Crushers Inc. Jomax Quarry Kilauea Crushers Inc. Picacho Quarry Kilauea Crushers Inc. MDI Pit (El Paso Pit) Material Delivery Inc. McCall Pit McCall Construction Redi Mix Detrital Pit Meadow Valley Contractors Inc. Redi Mix Detrital Pit Meadow Valley Contractors Inc. Mineral Park Pit Mineral Park Decorative Rock Rio Del Monte Mine Murphy Landscaping & Excavating LLC Casa Grande Quarry Pioneer Sand Company Navajo Quarry Pioneer Sand Company Picacho Quarry Pioneer Sand Company Prescott Valley Granite Pit Prescott Valley Granite Red Hills Quarry Red Hills Mining LLC Red Mountain Quarry Red Mountain Mining Inc. Congress Quarry Rock Sources Star Valley Granite Quarry Star Valley Granite & Materials Copper Chief Sunset Marble Company LLC Superstition Mountain Granite Pit Superstition Mountain Stone Inc. Treasure Chest Granite Quarry Treasure Chest Granite Pit Inc. Walker Butte Granite Walker Butte Granite LLC Riggs Pit Willcox Rock & Sand Inc. Hardluck (Bidahochi) Pit Brimhall Sand Rock & Building Materials New River Slate Quarry Building Products Company Red Lake Quarry Crown Materials LLC Belmont Pit (US Mine) Custom Landscape Materials LLC Little Hill Mine Decorative Rock Sales LLC Sacramento Mine Dick Merritt Construction Chevelon Pit Dyna Rock & Sand Eureka Rose Eureka Mining Reymert Mine Gila Rock Products LLC Barkley Pit Granite Express LLC Mineral Mountain Granite Express LLC Docie Pit Granite Mountain Materials Congress Pit Jakes Granite Supplies LLC Bonito Quarry Kalamazoo Materials Inc. Broccoli Raab Kalamazoo Materials Inc. Chloride Quarry Kalamazoo Materials Inc. New Superior Kalamazoo Materials Inc. Old Superior Quarry Kalamazoo Materials Inc. Valentine Quarry Kalamazoo Materials Inc. White Hills Pit Kalamazoo Materials Inc. Buckeye Hills Quarry Kilauea Crushers Inc. Estrella Quarry Kilauea Crushers Inc. Jomax Quarry Kilauea Crushers Inc. Picacho Quarry Kilauea Crushers Inc. Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 22, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com Sandstone Quartz, Washington Camp, Santa Cruz Co. Operation Name Company Name Copper Hill Kessen and Kessen Bobbitt Silica Smithco Enterprises Inc. Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 23, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com Limestone Escabrosa Limestone Rillito plant, Marana Redwall Limestone Clarkdale Cement plant Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 23, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com Operation Company Name Name Rillito Plant Arizona Portland Cement Co. Twin Peaks Arizona Portland Quarry Cement Co. Cedar Glade Drake Cement LLC Quarry Clarkdale Phoenix Cement Quarry & Plant Company Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 23, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com Halite, Salton Sea, CA Sylvite, Carlsbad, NM Polyhalite, Carlsbad, NM Jan C. Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.G. February 23, 2016 www.janrasmussen.com Petrified Forest Member, Chinle Fm., Petrified Forest National Park Jan
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  • LITHIUM PEGMATITES of the WHITE PICACHO DISTRICT, MARICOPA and YAVAPAI COUNTIES, ARIZONA by David London and Donald M

    LITHIUM PEGMATITES of the WHITE PICACHO DISTRICT, MARICOPA and YAVAPAI COUNTIES, ARIZONA by David London and Donald M

    LITHIUM PEGMATITES OF THE WHITE PICACHO DISTRICT, MARICOPA AND YAVAPAI COUNTIES, ARIZONA by David London and Donald M. Burt Department of Geology Arizona State University This one-day field trip visits several small lithium pegmatites on private property in typical desert terrain, and normal desert field equipment (boots, hat, canteen, etc.) is recommended. Two short hikes will be made totaling about 2 km. The road to the pegmatites has too many sharp curves for buses, but can be negotiated by ordinary sedans if drivers are careful not to become stuck in the loose sand of San Domingo Wash. Figure I. View of the Red and White Picachos from the west. INTRODUCTION ( 1977). This guide incorporates, in addition, preliminary The Arizona pegmatite belt is a broadregion that extends results of thesis research by London (in progress, 1978). from central to northwestern Arizona (Jahns, 1952). The The discovery of eucryptite in the district (Burt et al., 1977) White Picacho pegmatite district is located near the SE end has been confirmed by Jahns (personal communication, of this belt. The Arizona Bureau of Mines bulletin by Jahns 1977). ( 1952) remains the best general reference on the district, The pegmatites of the White Picacho district are mainly and the reader is referred to it for a more complete indicated on the Red Picacho 7.5' topographic quadrangle description of the pegmatites. Jahns' detailed maps of the map of the U.S. Geo1. Survey (1964), al though several geology of the pegmatite workings are still usable, workings on this map are misnamed. The district derives its inasmuch as only minor mining and development work has name from White Picacho, a prominent peak about 1 km been carried out in the district over the past 25 years.