Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan

Home , Arizona Falls, Coconino Plateau, East End (Arizona), Harquahala Mountains, Jacob Snively, Maricopa Trail

Adopted August 16, 2004

Maricopa Trail

Maricopa County Trail Commission Maricopa County Department of Transportation Maricopa County Parks and Recreation Maricopa County Planning and Development Flood Control District of Maricopa County We have an obligation to protect open spaces for future generations.

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan VISION

Our vision is to connect the majestic open spaces of the Maricopa County Regional Parks with a nonmotorized trail system.

The Maricopa Trail

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 1 Credits

Maricopa County Board of Supervisors Andrew Kunasek, District 3, Chairman Fulton Brock, District 1 Don Stapley, District 2 Max Wilson, District 4 Mary Rose Wilcox, District 5

Maricopa County Trail Commission Supervisor Max Wilson, District 4 Chairman Supervisor Andrew Kunasek, District 3

Parks Commission Members: Citizen Members: Laurel Arndt, Chair Art Wirtz, District 2 Randy Virden, Vice-Chair Jim Burke, District 3 Felipe Zubia, District 5

Stakeholders: Carol Erwin, Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) Fred Pfeifer, Arizona Public Service (APS) James Duncan, Salt River Project (SRP) Teri Raml, Bureau of Land Management (BLM)

Ex-officio Members: William Scalzo, Chief Community Services Officer Pictured from left to right Laurel Arndt, Supervisor Andy Kunasek, Fred Pfeifer, Carol Erwin, Arizona’s Official State Historian, Marshall Trimble, and Art Wirtz pose with the commemorative branded trail marker Mike Ellegood, Director, Public Works at the Maricopa Trail groundbreaking ceremony at Anthem November 12, 2003. Joy Rich, Chief Regional Development Services Officer Project Team Former Members: Reed Kempton, MCDOT, Project Manager Supervisor Fulton Brock, District 1 Eric Gorsegner Kristen Mandeville, MCDOT Supervisor Don Stapley, District 2 Pat Schneider Cheryl Toy, MCDOT Representative Carolyn Allen Bruce Ellison Christopher Coover, Regional Trail Manager Bill Lanford Karen Stewart, Community Services Agency Jerry Aster Carole Songer, Community Services Agency Jack Stapley Roberta Crowe, MCDOT Dennis Holcomb, Flood Control District of Maricopa County Matthew Holm, Planning and Development page 2 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Contents

Vision 1 Credits 2 Figures 4 Introduction 5 Maricopa County Regional Trail System Map 6 Relationship to Comprehensive Plan 7 Goals and Policies 8 Design Guidelines 9 Sun Circle Trail 10 Maricopa Trail 21 Central Arizona Project Aqueduct 61 Priority Two 72 Maricopa County Department of Transportation Priority Three 82 2901 West Durango Street Phoenix, AZ 85009 Priority Four 93 602-506-8600 Project Corridors Map 117 Maricopa County Parks and Recreation Segment Table 118 411 North Central Avenue, Suite 470 Public Involvement 122 Phoenix, AZ 85004 602-506-2930 Implementation Plan 129 Appendix A - Analysis and Trail Classification 131 Maricopa County Planning and Development Appendix B - Design Guidelines 150 411 North Central Avenue, Third Floor Appendix C - Liability for Attractive Nuisance 162 Phoenix, AZ 85004 Appendix D - Subdivision Regulation 163 602-506-3301 Appendix E - Plans 164 Appendix F - Funding Sources 186 Flood Control District of Maricopa County Appendix G - Glossary 192 2801 West Durango Street Appendix H - References 194 Phoenix, AZ 85009 602-506-1501

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 3 Figures

Figure 1: Regional Trail System 6 Figure 43: San Tan Mountain Regional Park 50 Figure 93: McDowell Mountain Regional Park Trails 85 Figure 2: Grade 5% 9 Figure 44: Hawes Road 52 Figure 94: Rio Verde 85 Figure 3: Grade 12.5% 9 Figure 45: RWCD Irrigation Lateral 53 Figure 95: Tonto National Forest Trails 85 Figure 4: Sun Circle Trail Map, Plate 2 10 Figure 46: Southern portion of Consolidated Canal 54 Figure 96: Power line Trail 86 Figure 5: Sun Circle Trail 11 Figure 47: Gila River 55 Figure 97: Grand Canal 87 Figure 6: New River & Lower Agua Fria 12 Figure 48: Estrella Mountain Regional Park 56 Figure 98: Roosevelt Irrigation District Canal 88 Figure 7: Arizona Canal 13 Figure 49: Robins Butte Wildlife Area 58 Figure 99: Bullard Wash 89 Figure 8: South Canal 14 Figure 50: Buckeye Hills Regional Park 59 Figure 100: Channel Alignment 89 Figure 9: South Canal 14 Figure 51: Proposed FCD Channels 60 Figure 101: Bullard Wash Channel Improvements 89 Figure 10: Consolidated Canal 15 Figure 52: CAP Priority Three and Four 62 Figure 102: Hassayampa River 90 Figure 11: Western Canal 16 Figure 53: CAP Priority One and Two 63 Figure 103: Hassayampa River 90 Figure 12: National Trail 17 Figure 54: CAP across Scottsdale 64 Figure 104: Trilby Wash 91 Figure 13: SRP Power line 19 Figure 55: CAP across SRP-MIC 64 Figure 105: Morgan City Wash 92 Figure 14: Salt River 20 Figure 56: CAP across Peoria 65 Figure 106: Morgan City Wash 92 Figure 15: Maricopa Trail 21 Figure 57: CAP across Phoenix 66 Figure 107: Priority Four Segments 93 Figure 16: White Tank Mountain Regional Park 22 Figure 58: CAP across Maricopa County land 66 Figure 108: Black Canyon Trail 94 Figure 17: Waterfall Wash 24 Figure 59: CAP across Phoenix 66 Figure 109: Arizona Trail 95 Figure 18: McMicken Corridor 25 Figure 60: CAP across Scottsdale 66 Figure 110: Power line Floodway 96 Figure 19: McMicken Dam 26 Figure 61: Granite Reef Dam 67 Figure 111: Power line Floodway 96 Figure 20: Upper Agua Fria 27 Figure 62: CAP across Mesa 68 Figure 112: Power line Corridor 97 Figure 21: Lake Pleasant Regional Park 28 Figure 63: CAP across Apache Junction 68 Figure 113: Waterman Wash 98 Figure 22: Lake Pleasant 29 Figure 64: CAP across Apache Junction 68 Figure 114: Sierra Estrella Wilderness Area 99 Figure 23: Old Haul Road 30 Figure 65: CAP across Maricopa County land 68 Figure 115: Unnamed Wash Corridor 99 Figure 24: Anthem 30 Figure 66: CAP in Pinal County 69 Figure 116: Unnamed Wash Corridor 100 Figure 25: Greer Ranch 31 Figure 67: CAP across Maricopa County land 70 Figure 117: Vekol Wash 100 Figure 26: Cave Creek Regional Park 33 Figure 68: CAP across Buckeye 70 Figure 118: Gas Pipeline 101 Figure 27: Go John Trail 34 Figure 69: CAP across Maricopa County land 70 Figure 119: North Maricopa Mountains Wilderness Area 102 Figure 28: Cahava Springs 34 Figure 70: CAP across Surprise 70 Figure 120: SR-85 Power line 103 Figure 29: Spur Cross Trail 35 Figure 71: CAP across Peoria 70 Figure 121: Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail 104 Figure 30: Spur Cross Ranch Conservation Area 36 Figure 72: CAP across Maricopa County land 70 Figure 122: Sauceda Wash 105 Figure 31: Trail 247 38 Figure 73: CAP across Buckeye 71 Figure 123: Gunnery Range 105 Figure 32: City of Scottsdale Trail 38 Figure 74: Priority Two Segments 71 Figure 124: Gila River 106 Figure 33: Stagecoach Pass 39 Figure 75: Agua Fria River 72 Figure 125: Fourth of July Wash 107 Figure 34: McDowell Mountain Regional Park 40 Figure 76: McMicken Outlet Wash 73 Figure 126: Centennial Wash 107 Figure 35: 136th Street 42 Figure 77: Cave Creek Wash 73 Figure 127: Centennial Wash 108 Figure 36: McDowell Sonoran Preserve 43 Figure 78: Cave Creek Regional Park Trails 74 Figure 128: Harquahala FRS 109 Figure 37: CAP across Scottsdale 44 Figure 79: State Trust Land 75 Figure 129: Old Camp Wash 110 Figure 38: CAP across SRP-MIC 44 Figure 80: Usery Mountain Regional Park Trails 75 Figure 130: Tiger Wash 110 Figure 39: Bulldog Canyon 45 Figure 81: Signal Butte Floodway 76 Figure 131: Harquahala Mountain Wilderness Area 111 Figure 40: Usery Mountain Regional Park 46 Figure 82: Queen Creek in Pinal County 77 Figure 132: Power line Corridor 112 Figure 41: RWCD Canal and EMF 48 Figure 83: Queen Creek in Maricopa County 78 Figure 133: Hummingbird Springs Wilderness Area 113 Figure 42: Sanokai Wash 49 Figure 84: Salt River 78 Figure 134: Vulture Peak 114 Figure 85: Gila River 79 Figure 135: Wickenburg Connection 115 Figure 86: Hassayampa River 80 Figure 136: White Tank Western Connection 115 Figure 87: Buckeye FRS 1, 2, and 3 80 Figure 137: White Tank Mountain Regional Park Trails 115 Figure 88: Priority Three Segments 81 Figure 138: Flood Control District Regional Conveyance Channel 116 Figure 89: New River 82 Figure 139: Northern Avenue 116 Figure 90: Daisy Mountain north 83 Figure 140: Drainage Channels 116 Figure 91: Daisy Mountain API 84 Figure 141: Buckeye/Sun Valley Area Drainage Master Plan 116 Figure 92: Deadman Wash in Anthem 84 Figure 142: Project Corridors 117 page 4 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Introduction

In February 2000, the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors pilot project centered on Lake Pleasant Regional Park. Their Priority Two segments are important regional corridors that (BOS) formed the Maricopa County Trail Commission and task was to identify the best trail corridors linking White Tank connect to the Maricopa Trail and may provide connections to unveiled their plans to develop a Regional Trail System. The Mountain Regional Park, Lake Pleasant Regional Park, Spur regional park systems. Priority Three segments are regional trail system plan was compiled in three stages over a period of Cross Ranch Conservation Area, and Cave Creek Recreation corridors that are not key components of the regional trail nearly five years. It represents a comprehensive system of Area. This pilot project became Phase One of the Maricopa system at this time, but may become important future trails. All nonmotorized trail corridors that will help guide the planning County Trail System Plan and was adopted by the Maricopa other trail corridors are assigned Priority Four. process as Maricopa County moves through the 21st Century. County Board of Supervisors (BOS) on September 4, 2002. The Maricopa County Regional Trail System is a collection of The plan recognizes the importance of the Sun Circle Trail, Phase Two began with the hiring of two full-time trail planners trail corridors under the jurisdiction and control of many different establishes the Maricopa Trail, and identifies future trail and a trail program manager. The planners’ task was to identify agencies. Maricopa County has identified the Sun Circle and corridors throughout the County. trail corridors from Spur Cross Ranch Conservation Area and Maricopa Trails as its highest priorities for completion. At any Many of the trail corridors identified in the plan are under the Cave Creek Recreation Area to San Tan Mountain Regional time, should the opportunity arise, lower priority segments may jurisdiction of Federal, State, and Local agencies other than Park. The route would include McDowell Mountain Regional be developed. The County’s priority designation may or may not Maricopa County. The County’s goal is to work in partnership Park and Usery Mountain Regional Park. While the planners coincide with the priorities of any agency whose trails have been with these agencies to facilitate the connectivity, funding, were working on corridors, the program manager began the identified as components of the regional system. design, and construction of an interconnected trail network. implementation process identified in Phase One. After much As Maricopa County Parks and Recreation Department public input, Maricopa Trail was chosen as the name for the The Regional Trail System is a natural step in the County's celebrates its 50th Anniversary, it becomes the lead agency for primary trail loop connecting the regional parks. Phase Two of regional planning process. It meets goals identified in all four the Maricopa County Regional Trail System, connecting the the Maricopa County Regional Trail System was adopted by the elements (Land Use, Transportation, Environmental, and past, present, and future generations of Arizona residents and BOS on October 22, 2003. Economic Development) of the Maricopa County 2020, Eye To visitors. the Future, Comprehensive Plan adopted October 20, 1997. The primary tasks for Phase Three were to complete the Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan; identify the The Regional Trail System Plan identifies three goals: Maricopa Trail; and incorporate Estrella Mountain Regional Provide a shared use, nonmotorized trail system Park, Buckeye Hills Regional Park, and Phoenix’s South to connect the Maricopa County Regional Parks Mountain Park into the primary loop. Secondary tasks included together. identifying connections to external trail systems and looking at future trail corridors throughout the County. The Maricopa Link metropolitan areas, municipal trails, County Regional Trail System Plan is a comprehensive communities, and neighborhoods with regional document that supercedes the Hiking and Riding Trails Plan nonmotorized multi-modal corridors. adopted by the BOS in June 1964, the Maricopa County Provide open space corridors to protect natural Regional Trail System Plan: Phase One in September 2002 and and cultural resources from development. the Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan: Phase Two in The project will capitalize on existing right-of-ways such as October 2003. This document categorizes the trail segments by canals, parks, utility corridors, and flood control projects. The priority with the Maricopa Trail and Sun Circle Trail being the Commission is developing community partnerships to make the highest and identifies the remainder of the segment priorities as two, three, and four. program a reality. The Commission hopes that this project will Photo: Tony Renaud, MCDOT GIS Group be a source of pride for the entire community. The 1521 miles of the Maricopa County Regional Trail System are organized into identifiable segments and priorities. These A project team was formed with staff from the Maricopa County priorities will serve as a guide for County planners to use when departments of Transportation, Parks and Recreation, Planning implementing the trail plan. The Priority One segments are and Development, and Flood Control District. They began with a those comprised of the Sun Circle Trail and the Maricopa Trail.

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 5 Maricopa County Regional Trail System

Figure 1 : Regional Trail System

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Maricopa County Trail Commission Sun Circle Trail Maricopa Trail Indian Communities Priority 2 Priority 3 Ak Chin Priority 4 Fort McDowell Mohave-Apache Juan Bautista de Anza Gila Bend National Historic Trail Gila River Arterial Salt River Pima-Maricopa Railroad Tohono O' Odham Powerlines Counties Rivers/Washes Canal Maricopa La Paz Parks Pima BLM Wilderness Areas Yuma Wildlife Areas Pinal Yavapai Sonoran Desert National Monument

Tonto National Forest

Barry M. Goldwater Gunnery Range 015 0 Miles

Produced April 2004 by Maricopa County Department of Transportation page 6 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Relationship to the Comprehensive Plan

Maricopa County is the fourteenth largest (geographic area) Provide an efficient, cost effective, integrated, The Comprehensive Plan recognizes the importance of creating, county in the United States, encompassing 9,226 square miles. accessible, environmentally sensitive, and safe improving, and conserving natural habitat and open space in The current population of 3.2 million is expected to grow to County-wide multi-modal system that addresses order to increase biological diversity. Two environmental goals nearly five million by the year 2020. With population growth existing and future roadway networks as well as were established. They are: comes the need for efficient land development, an integrated promotes transit, bikeways, and pedestrian Goal 1: Promote development that considers multi-modal transportation system, protection of the natural travel. adverse environmental impacts on the natural and environment, and the creation of economic development The Maricopa County Regional Trail System will be a major cultural environment, preserves highly valued opportunities. component of the multi-modal transportation system. It will open space, and remediates areas contaminated Maricopa County Comprehensive Plan provide alternative transportation corridors for bicyclists and with hazardous materials. pedestrians and offer off-street, nonmotorized connections Goal 2: Improve air quality and minimize noise The Comprehensive Plan defines a future impacts. vision for Maricopa County. Comprehensive between the County’s regional parks. It will provide key links to because it includes a broad range of allow users easy transitions with on-street bicycle, pedestrian, The Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan promotes the planning activities for the entire and transit facilities. establishment of open space corridors. The trail is a compatible unincorporated area of the County. The Land Use recreation use with parks and open space areas. Impacts to the Comprehensive Plan shows the connection natural environment will be given a high priority during the Given the vast area under the jurisdiction of Maricopa County, between the use of land and resources in design and construction of the trail system. the land use area designations in the Comprehensive Plan different geographic areas, physical embody generalized land use, development, and preservation Economic Development infrastructure of the built environment, and concepts. The goal of the land use element is to: the process of governing. Ultimately, Maricopa County has the power to intervene as a catalyst or because it is comprehensive, it guides Promote efficient land development that is facilitator for quality development in the region. Thoughtful land decisions to (1) protect natural resources; compatible with adjacent land uses, is well use decisions, comprehensive transportation planning, and (2) ensure efficient expenditure of public integrated with the transportation system, and sensitive environmental controls, combined with economic funds; and (3) promote the health, safety, convenience, and is sensitive to the natural environment. development opportunities, should aid in the generation of general welfare of the public. The Maricopa County Regional The Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan helps the quality jobs and contribute to the enhancement of the quality of Trail Plan Phase One is consistent with the goals, objectives, County meet four specific objectives outlined in the land use life for residents and communities. The goal of the economic and policies outlined in the Comprehensive Plan. This includes element of the Comprehensive Plan. They are: development element is to: transportation, land-use, environment, and economic Objective L7: Ensure provision of adequate Promote a growing balanced, efficient, and development elements. public facilities and promote an diversified economy, consistent with available Transportation interconnected open space system. resources, that enhances quality employment The transportation element of the Maricopa County Objective L9: Integrate transportation opportunities, improves quality of life, and is Comprehensive Plan defines a system of transportation facilities planning with land use. sensitive to the natural and cultural environment. that may be developed in Maricopa County through the year Objective L10: Promote the balance of 2020. The element includes existing and future roadway conservation and development. The Maricopa County Regional Trail System networks and regional efforts towards creating a multi-modal Objective L11: Promote an interconnected will improve the quality of life for residents of system to accommodate transit, pedestrian, and bicycle needs. open space system. and visitors to Maricopa County. Properly The transportation goal is to: designed and located, trailheads can serve Environmental as catalysts for quality development. Maricopa County’s environmental ecosystems and land Property values tend to be higher when ownership patterns provide a complex natural setting and adjacent to parks and trails. planning agenda. Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 7 Goals and Policies

The overall goal of the Maricopa County Regional Trail Policy: Development projects, proposed on lands upon which a Goal 2: Link metropolitan areas, municipal trails, System is to establish a continuous trail system connecting the trail or pathway in the Regional Trail Plan has been identified, communities, and neighborhoods with regional County’s regional parks. Natural river systems, trails, and should dedicate and improve land for such trail or pathway nonmotorized multi-modal corridors. adjacent parks have long been recognized for their purposes where a nexus exists between the impacts of the environmental protection, recreation values, and aesthetic proposed development and the dedication/improvement Policy: Provide connections to existing neighborhood trails and qualities. Trail systems can also enhance property values, requirements. on-street bicycle and pedestrian facilities. increase tax revenues, mitigate impacts on the natural Policy: Establish and maintain a trail system that provides a Policy: Provide signed access points/gateways to environment, reduce motor vehicle traffic, and promote a local diversity of quality outdoor recreation opportunities by locating neighborhoods. identity. The following goals and policies are intended to trails of varying lengths and challenge within the full spectrum of facilitate and encourage the development of the regional trail Policy: Create well-defined trailheads that have good transit recreation settings in Maricopa County. system. A goal is a concise statement describing a condition to connections. be achieved. It does not suggest specific actions, but describes Policy: The trail should, wherever feasible, include grade- Policy: Coordinate with public agencies and developers to a desired outcome. A policy is a specific statement to guide separated intersections at major road crossings and at other ensure appropriate trail connections are planned, constructed, decision making. physical barriers along the corridor. and maintained. Policy: All Maricopa County departments will incorporate the Goal 1: Provide a shared use, nonmotorized trail Policy: Promote the construction and maintenance of trails by regional trail in the planning and design phases of any project the private development sector. system to connect the Maricopa County Regional adjacent to or crossing a regional trail corridor. Parks together. Goal 3: Provide open space corridors to protect Policy: Establish methods for trail acquisition, design, natural and cultural resources from development. development, and maintenance that maximize community- contributed materials & services, and other trail establishment Policy: Protect sensitive ecological and archeological sites. options at little or no cost to the county. Policy: Discourage creation of informal trails. Policy: Public and private agencies should participate in all Policy: Wherever possible, trails should be designed to enhance phases of trails development and implementation. the natural landscape and not be detrimental to the natural Policy: Provide separation of users to minimize hazards. environment. Policy: Coordinate the regional trail and its design with the trail Policy: Establish and designate trails, where feasible, that design plans of cities and other public agencies, especially in correspond to existing trails, paths, or roads that have already relation to trail linkages. disturbed the environment. Policy: Seek opportunities to designate or construct future trails Policy: Provide trail corridors that can assist in the preservation on lands already under public ownership. of quality open space in Maricopa County. Policy: Seek trail opportunities through Policy: Promote development and use of trails for environmental easements, dedications, joint use education. Policy: Wherever feasible, Maricopa County departments will agreements, and other appropriate Policy: Promote the establishment of open space and trail construct trail crossings at points of contact on existing, methods with public and quasi-public corridors in adjacent counties that can be connected by trails programmed, and planned County public infrastructure to set agencies. with the Maricopa County Regional Trail System. anchor points for future trail alignments. Maricopa County will encourage other entities to do the same. page 8 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Design Guidelines

The Maricopa County Regional Trail System is proposed as a nonmotorized, shared-use, multi-modal corridor used for transportation and recreation. Where possible, it will feature a primary hard-surface trail and a secondary soft-surface trail. The Primary Trail Secondary Trail trails will generally, but not always, be parallel to each other in the same corridor. Some corridors may accommodate only one trail surface, either hard or soft, due to terrain or other constraints. All trails will be designed and constructed following national design guidelines identified either in the AASHTO Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities, Americans with Disabilities Act, the USDOT Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access Parts I and II, or the Rails-to-Trails Conservancy Trails for the Twenty-First Century. In addition, the trails should be designed in accordance with the design recommendations identified in the MAG West Valley Multi-Modal Transportation Corridor Master Plan. See Appendix A for the Trail Classification and Corridor Prototype Designs from the MAG study. Additional design A pathway generally parallel to the primary trail. details from the MAG West Valley Multi-Modal Transportation The main pathway that serves high numbers of It is always a soft surface tread. Corridor Master Plan are available in Appendix B. Many of the people. It is typically hard surfaced (paved), but may agencies responsible for corridors within the system have be soft surface (unpaved) in undeveloped or adopted detailed trail design guidelines for use by their staff and non-developable areas. Significant portions of the contractors. Maricopa Trail will be unpaved. Two primary criteria used in the selection of trail alignments in this plan were trail width and grade. It is recommended that the tread, the useable width of the path, for hard-surfaced trails be 12 feet wide. The width for soft-surfaced trails may vary 12.5% Grade depending on terrain, expected usage, and other design factors. 8:1 Slope The preferred corridor width to accommodate both surfaces is 100 feet. Less than 100 feet is acceptable if limitations exist. 10 FT 5 FT This provides the ability to separate different types of users from each other and allows the trail to wind around obstacles, vegetation, and terrain. The recommended minimum corridor width to accommodate both surfaces is 28 feet. This width Grades > 5% require landings at specific intervals. should be allowed only for short distances to provide connections between facilities. Corridors less than 28 feet wide Figure 2: Grade 5% Figure 3: Grade 12.5% may only accommodate one trail surface, either hard or soft. Ideally, most grades will be less than five percent. Steeper grades may be allowed if mitigated with proper landings.

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 9 Priority 1 Sun Circle Trail

The Sun Circle Trail encompasses approximately 140 miles of hiking and riding trails that encircle the Valley for the most part on canal banks. The canals were built by the Hohokam Indians around 500 A.D. to irrigate their crops and the remnants of their extensive canals were used by early settlers to construct a modern canal system. In the mid-1960s, the Arizona State Horsemen’s Association Trails Committee first recognized the unique recreation opportunity made available by the canals and proceeded to ride, map, and propose the Sun Circle Trail. At the request of the Association, the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors appointed the Maricopa County Hiking and Riding Trails Committee, composed of representatives from various agencies, organizations, and departments who would have an interest in trails. Maricopa County Parks and Recreation Department was empowered to acquire rights-of-way, leases, and possible federal funds for the Committee. The Committee prepared a written report, published in 1964 by the Maricopa County Planning and Zoning Department, titled “Hiking and Riding Trails in Maricopa County, Arizona”. The report proposed the 140-mile Sun Circle Trail and 380 miles of secondary trails linking Valley urban areas and the County Regional Park System to the Sun Circle Trail. The Board of Supervisors then adopted the “Hiking and Riding Trails Plan” in June 1964. In 1965, the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors, the Salt River Project (SRP), and the Bureau of Reclamation provided an historical first by signing a 50-year agreement for use of sixty-six miles of canals for parts of the trail until the year 2014. On February 9, 1976, the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors and the Parks and Recreation Commission agreed that the Sun Circle Trail be included in and designated as part of the Arizona State Trails System. On March 25, 1977, the Secretary of the Interior announced that the Sun Circle Trail had been accepted into the National Trails System and designated a National Recreational Trail.

Figure 4 : Sun Circle Trail Map, Plate 2

page 10 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan the Maricopa Trail. the Maricopa Trail. of identifiedascomponents 3,6,7,8, and9arealso been brokendown intoSegments1-9. hasFor planningpurposes,theSunCircleTrail because ofitshistoricalsignificance. priority ahighest Systemas County Trail Regional SunCircle intheMaricopa isidentified The Trail arterials. where thetrailcrossesfreewaysprovided andmajor Underpasses andbridgesarebeingplanned Sun CircleTrailis situatedoncanalbanks. Morehalf ofthe marking thetrailatintervals. than with muchofthesystemToday, signs isareality, 9 1 Figure 5:SunCircle Trail 8 7 Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan -page 21 System Plan Maricopa County RegionalTrail 2 6 4 5 3

Priority 1 Maricopa CountyTrail System3 Regional - page Segment One Figure 6: New River & Lower Agua Fria . This plan is part of a multiphase includes both the Lower andAgua Fria River River New from the Segment One Segment One page 12 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System Gila River to Skunk Creek Wash to Skunk to the ArizonaCreek Gila River Canal. and continuing studied in the West Valley Multi- Agua Fria River were and Lower The River New Modal Transportation Corridor Master Plan undertaking conducted through the efforts of Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG),District of Maricopa in cooperation with the Flood Control The (FCDMC). corridor is plannedCounty as a multi-purpose flood control facility that also will provide opportunities for recreational and alternative transportation trails. Thebegan in December trail plan study 1999 and designed an overall several communitiesinvolving within the project area, including Avondale, and Glendale, Peoria, Phoenix, Maricopa County. The River and New Corridor Lower Agua Fria represents River a riparian common to the Sonoran Desertecosystem region of Arizona. This unique corridor contains valuable geographic features, a rich diversity of plant and animal habitats, cultural and historic resources, and beautiful The vistas. corridor links many communities together in the West Valley. The principal purpose of the plan is to create for a a regional planning framework for pedestrians, equestrians, bicyclists, and other 42-mile trail network nonmotorized trail users. Thebe accessible to a trail will ofvariety users of different abilities and ages. identified This in network the MAG plan expands on the existing trail linkages and all to connect with and planned river trail system existing major public lands. These planned nonmotorized, multi-modal transportation trails take advantage, possible, of locationswhere multiple that offer the community benefits such as alternative transportation routes, recreational opportunities, habitat preservations,wildlife open space protection, and flood control. planThe served MAG as a guide definitive in the development of the Maricopa Regional Trail It is expected that the trail design guidelines County System. identified in the plan have will a major influence on the regional trail network. and design recommendations is included trail classification The on entire chapter A. in Appendix

Priority 1 area to provide trails and pathways along the canals. pathways alongthe area toprovidetrailsand Phoenix inthe useprojects ofcanalmultiple number projectsrepresentagrowing These Phoenix (PAC). ArtsCommission completionby the and guidedthroughto wereidentified Bothprojects andhistoricallycanal. community tothisimportant significant and theArizonaFallsProject, use artandlandscapearchitecturetoreconnectthe Project CanalDemonstration theSunnyslope along theArizonaCanal, Two recentprojects Salt River Project(SRP). bythe 1900sandismanaged early inthe was tothefederalgovernment sold in thesystem, in1883by(tributaries totheSalt).Built theArizonaCanalCompany, it,liketheothercanals and New Dam attheconfluenceofSkunkCreekWash River Salt RivertotheAdobe northern partofthemetropolitanPhoenixareafromGranite ReefDiversion Damonthe Segment Two Segment Two Segment Two Segment Two Figure 7:ArizonaCanal is the Arizona Canal. The Arizona Canal runs east to west across the west across runseastto ArizonaCanal The is theArizonaCanal. Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan -page14 TrailSystemMaricopa County Regional Plan

Priority 1 Maricopa CountyTrail System5 Regional - page Figure 9: South Canal Figure 8: South Canal Segment Three Segment Four is the South Canal from the Granite Reef Dam to is identified as the South Canal from the Roosevelt Canal from the Roosevelt as the South is identified the Roosevelt Water Conservation District Canal. Segment Three is Water District Canal. SegmentThree is Conservation the Roosevelt identified as the Sun Trail.Circle Trail as the Maricopa as well Segment Four Segment Three & Four Segment Three Consolidated Canal. It was District Canal to the Water Conservation the federalbuilt by government between 1906 and 1908 to unify the The providesentire south side canal system. South Canal now a to the desert residents.gateway for Mesa The South Canal, from Lehi to the Granite Reef Dam, has a character distinct from rest their of the Lehi area value canal system. Residents of Mesa’s connection to the canal, both aesthetically and symbolically. Many people choose to live in Lehi because it is a good place to keep and ride horses. The South Canal provides a picturesque riding trail with an authentic connection to traditional agricultural practices. The to South Canal is being developed accommodate both typical multi-modal traffic and equestrians alike. of Mesa is currently The city in design phase for portions of the multi-use path, constructedwith few sections open for use in the next Thisyears. be lit, 10 path will andfeet wide, paved. The be surface will asphalt type to accommodate the SRP’s operation and maintenance needs. page 14 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 1 Freestone DistrictPark. toGilbert’s a connection also provide would Canal. Thissectionoftrail Western tothe continue with Mesaand begin attheboundary would Trail Heritage Canal. The with town alongtheConsolidated Mesa ofGilberthasplanstoconnect The thetrail pavedwide pathwillstart constructioninlate2004. concrete. belit, 10-foot The sections with to They arecurrently subsequent plans from Centerto8thStreet. planning Canal Crosscut/Consolidated city constructedamulti-usepath onthe The ofMesahas 1908for$187,000. government November 1907. Itwas the in soldto Consolidated Canalmadepossible. NegotiationstobuytheConsolidatedCanalbeganin fortheAssociationafterrecognizing thewaterdistribution system the savings water aspartofa unified federalgovernment latersoughttoacquirethecanal The on toChandler. and Road Mesa to Baseline Canal theold followed which Canal Consolidated part ofthe This 'new' considerable lossofwaterfromseepage. waterowners prevented a became canal riverbed, thesandy through of instead Consolidated Canal throughthe water Canal Mesa. By Tempe electricity carrying thatprovided thefirst to Chandler Power Plant spot This theis wherethe edgeofasmall Chandlerbuilt Canal. mesa neartheTempe towhat Road is now Brown called the'Crosscutcanal'andforabouttwomiles,itfollowed branchheadingwestwas doestoday. The it Canal thendividedtwo branches,as into Consolidated oldMesaCanal.The water into the its someof emptied heading, thecanal ofthe milessouth Two feetdeep. upto26 a canal Chandlerbuilt dredge, Using ahuge ofthenew canal. masonrywalls,and wing head abutments the granite the damtied into southendof The ofhugeboulders. dam made diversion buildanew offeredto hisproposals,Chandler savedby tobe water exchange forthe dams sohebeganbargainingwithIn them. withcompanies were having brushdiversion Dr. Chandlerrecognizedtheproblemsthatowners oftheMesa canal andTempe smalltocultivatethat occurredwere alotofnew too land. theoccasionalsurpluses River, and meager water supply intheSalt had firstclaimonthe water rights witholder River's serioussupplyproblems.Lands faced history, itsowners driest periodsinthebears hisname.Becausethecanalwasbuilt duringoneofthe Salt now theareathat waterwas to tobring desire Company.Consolidated Canal Chandler's A.J.Chandlerandhisduring thedroughtyear 1891andmasterminded by of Dr. canalwasstarted The the presentcity limits. within any land wasn't ofthe builttoserve ConsolidatedCanal, approximatelyThe 18-mile long,is thelargestcanalinMesaand CanalinGilbert. Mesa tothe Western Five Segment Segment Five is the northern portion of the Consolidated Canal from the South Canal in theSouthCanal from ConsolidatedCanal the northernportionof is the Segment Five Figure 10:Consolidated Canal Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan -page 16 Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem Plan

Priority 1 Maricopa CountyTrail System7 Regional - page Segment Six Figure 11: Western Canal follows the Western Canal from the Consolidated Segment Six Segment Six page 16 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System Canal in Gilbert to the Ken McDonald GolfCanal in Gilbert to the Ken McDonald Course in Tempe. built in WesternThe1912-1913Westernwas by the Canal Canal into operation in Western The went Canal Construction Company. February 1913 and its filed deed in April 1915. Thewas canal was built under contract the federal with government to be a part of the Association. From the Golf Course the trail wind it’s would way to Guadalupe there isplanned nonmotorized bridge crossing overRoad where a runInterstate-10. From here the trail would though a neighborhood Road, Pima Canyon the eastern-mostthen follow entrance into South Mountain Park. is also Trail.Segment Six part of the Maricopa

Priority 1 Segment Seven is also part of the Maricopa Trail. partoftheMaricopa Trail. Segment Seven isalso paralleling theroadbacktoSanJuan Lookout. north, area, thencurves across afairlylevel trail leadswest the Beyond theroad, crossing SanJuanRoad. to thenortheastand wash places, eventually curving alarge before backaround skirting begins todescend,quitesteeply in A littlewestHill, thetrail ofGoat in every direction. views west, offeringterrific continues asit ridgeline the trail follows The changes dramatically. crowds andthelandscape away dwindle the alittlewestoftheantennae, Trail, Once pasttheKiwanis muchoftheway. paralleling theroadfor antenna-studded summit, sideofthe north continues upthe About amilebeyond thepassis Buena the VistaLookout. The trail atFatMan's Pass. National Trail the rejoin You then boulders. granite two slitbetween foot-wide ofamiletoFatMan'sgenerallywestward four-tenths Pass, about wash the thenfollow tunnel, thenatural-rock Marker9. Gothrough theside trail to TrailTake HiddenValley,whichyou'll findnear slope. quicklyupthe climbs those buildings,and ofwest officially justalittle begins National Trail Depression. The Great years ofthe Corpsinthelatter the CivilianConservation stone buildings,builtby old About amilein,therewillof beacouple Trail. ontheNational arenosignsatthispoint Trailhead. There fromthePimaCanyon up thedirtroad Start by west heading atsomepoint. Trail park joinstheNational the SanJuanLookoutinwest. the Nearly every othertrailin intheeastto Trailhead system, thePimaCanyon stretchingfrom National The Trail is thebackboneof Park the SouthMountain inSouthPark. Mountain NationalTrail Seven isthe Segment Segment Seven Segment Seven Segment Figure 12:National Trail Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan -page 18 Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem Plan

Priority 1 Maricopa CountyTrail System9 Regional - page The fauna found in South Mountain is typical of the lower of the lower The South Mountain is typical fauna found in Sonoran Desert ecosystem. The desert arthropoda - sun spiders, scorpions, centipedes, beetles, and ants are common, but mostly undergroundnocturnal, spending the day due to high daytime temperatures. Reptilian inhabitants include desert tortoises and several species of Thelizards, geckos, and mammal snakes chuckwallas. population, which is and lizards habitat,restricted by food supply, - and the presence of man, includes Gila monsters, the California jackrabbit, cottontail rabbit, ground squirrel, mice, horned javalina, gophers, and kit fox. Bird populationsringtail, coyote, vary according to season and moisture but include Gambel’s Quail, great roadrunners, and red-tailedhorned owls, and mourning doves, Harris’s hawks. Park History as a city park datesThe of South Mountain back of Phoenix history to 1924. Prominent local citizens, with the help of Sen. Carl Hayden, bought 13,000 acres from the federal for $17,000.government In developed1935, the National Park a master plan for the park Service ridingwith and hiking trails, picnic areas, all and overlooks, in rustic regional character. The Corps Civilian Conservation (CCC) built many of the facilities in the park based on this master plan. Visitation at the park has gone from 3,000 a month in 1924 to three million a year today. Photos and artifacts at the South Mountain Education Center give a glimpseEnvironmental into the early history of the park and CCC's construction work. Park/PreserveSouth Mountain actually consists of three mountain Guadalupe. They stretch Ha Tauk, Gila, and ranges, the Ma diagonally from northeast to southwest. Diagonal mountain ranges of South Mountain, are floors, like those that protrude from desert features of the Sonoran Desert. Varioustypical minerals were mined 1900s beforein the park early its birth as a park. Thespecies found in the park are bursage, major plant trees,brittlebush, creosote bush, palo verde and saguaro cactus. the than 300 species in the park. Only of plant life are found More hardiest plants survive, and even slowly. grow they The of varieties cacti include: saguaro, barrel, hedgehog, pincushion, jumping cholla, pear. Palo verde, and prickly christmas cactus, staghorn, cholla, trees, along the ocotillo mesquite, elephant and ironwood with plant, are also numerous in the park. South Mountain Park South Mountain page 18 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 1 Segment Eight is also part of the Maricopa Trail. Trail. Segment EightisalsopartoftheMaricopa Trail. alignment fortheSunCircle aerial photographdepictsthecurrent redlineonthe The cultivated farmland,andurbandevelopment. segmentThe passesthrough aninteresting mix ofnatural desert, South Mountain Park. serves and Rios Tres asacriticalconnectionbetween the Wetlands It IndianCommunity. River Gila Phoenix andthe of between theCity Eight Segment Segment Eight Segment Eight Segment Figure 13:SRPPower line Figure is an SRP power line running along the boundary running alongtheboundary is anSRPpowerline MCDOT GIS:Aerial 2004 Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page110 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan

Priority 1 il System - page 11 il - page System Maricopa County Regional Tra Maricopa County Regional Figure 14: Salt River Segment Nine Today, this area contains large cottonwood and willows as well as nonnative as well nonnative large cottonwood and willows this area contains Today, species such as Salt Cedar (Tamarisk).The Hayfield site also includes a trail system which parallels the riparian corridor, this system also provides access to Corridor. the Salt River Segment Nine is alsoof the Maricopa part Trail. to serve as an education is the Salt River from 83rd approximately south ofAvenue Segment Nine Segment Nine Southern Avenue to the confluence of the Gila River and Agua Fria River. This segment includes the Tres Wetlands Rios Constructed Project. Demonstration Due to the expense of upgrading theWaster 91st Avenue WaterTreatment city ofFacility, officials Phoenix decided to seek alternative treatment wastewaterprocesses to clean the valley's discharges which into the Salt In 1994, River. the city of Phoenix decided that it the would work with BOR in constructing a wetland project at the convergence of the Salt, Gila, and Aqua Fria rivers as the result standards for of increased waterdischarges into quality is Spanish for called Tres which Arizona’s waterways. Thewas Rios, project "Three The Rivers." wetlandswater to treatmentprovide were for the 91st WasteAvenue Water Treatment Plant, create wildlife for habitat, provide flood protection for downstream residents, and in addition, page 20 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System and passive recreationand passive resource for the community. from the for Tres wastewater The 91st Avenue Rios is treated source water Phoenix on the northern is located in southwest bank of the Salt WWTP which TheRiver. treatment plant is operated by the city of Phoenix on behalf of the Sub-Regional of cities Multi-City Operating Group (SROG), a consortium Phoenix,including Glendale, Mesa, Scottsdale, and Tempe. The plant discharges approximately 150 million gallons per day (mgd) (168,000 acre-feet up to per year) with 105,000 acre-feet pipelined (under contract) to the Palo Verde Nuclear Power Plant. Effluent not sent to Palo Verde is discharged 30,000 diverts Irrigation District further The Buckeye into the Salt River. directly seven miles downstream and uses it for acre-feet from the Salt River agriculture. In the spring of 1995, construction began on the The systems. wetland consistedwetlands of three discrete sites wetland with a total area encompassing 12 acres surface of free-water treatment wetlands. They were called the Cobble site, the Hayfield site, and the Research Cell site. the continuousAdditionally, outflow of from the Hayfieldwater site has helped one mile of riparianto sustain approximately habitat along the Salt River.

Priority 1 Circle Trail section ofCircle Trail thisdocument. DetailsforthesesegmentscanbefoundintheCircle Trail. Sun Sun the componentsof also 6-9are 3, and and 10-35.Segments 3, 6-9, includes segments and milesinlength entireloopis242 The becomingcrafted priortotheMaricopaTrail areality. facilitate themultitudeofinter-agency thatneedtobe agreements helpwill Maricopa County maintained byanagencyorassociation. organizations andwill be by segments arebeingbuilt private utility trail corridors.Some thecanalsandin operate trailsalong water districts tobuildand Project, ArizonaPublicService, and trail. Localcommunities have intoagreementswith entered SaltRiver theplacementof agencytofacilitate a city, or another a town, recreation facilities,itmustpartner with anotherCounty department, construct cannot legally Since thisagency Maricopa County. FloodControl Districtof by the trail willpropertyowned beplacedon ofthe Major portions through. itpasses jurisdictions diverse asthe and trail isascomplicated the responsibility of ownership and The Reclamation. of Bureau Management, andthe of Land Forest, theBureau Arizona, theTonto National River theStateof IndianCommunity, Gila Community, the Indian Pima-Maricopa River Buckeye, theSalt towns QueenCreek,Gilbert, Guadalupe,and ofCave Creek, Avondale,Scottsdale, Mesa, Tempe, andGoodyear, the Chandler, County, PinalCounty,thecitiesofSurprise,Peoria,Phoenix, Maricopa jurisdictionsof passesthroughthe MaricopaThe Trail Regional Park. Mountain Park,andBuckeye Mountain Park,Estrella Regional Hills MountainMountainPark, SanRegionalSouth Regional Tan Mountain RegionalPark,Usery McDowellConservation Area, Park,SpurCrossRanch Regional Park,CaveCreek Park,LakePleasant Tank Mountainconnecting Regional White looparoundtheValley trail establishesacontinuousnonmotorized Theafter muchpublicinput. was name,MaricopaTrail, selected The System. the Maricopa CountyPark parksin will connecttheregional SystemTrail Plan. One oftheMaricopaCounty This trail Regional Goal red,accomplishes in Maricopa shownonthemap The Trail, Maricopa Trail Figure 15:Maricopa Trail 34 34 33 10 10 35 35 11 11 9 12 13 8 14 15 16 16 7 17 18 Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan -page21 TrailSystemMaricopa County Regional Plan 19 20 6 21 25 24 22 32 23 31 26 3 28 28 29 29 30 27 27

Priority 1 populations, while the sherd areas may represent camps of temporary hunters and gatherers. of the sitesMost in the area are concentrated around the held water The TanksWhiteTanks probably themselves. the year-round and people drew thereby to the region. Petroglyphs on rocks indicate the Indians were more than transients. Pottery sherds along the Agua Fria and rivers Hassayampa signify the presence of andvillages a good possibility that an Indian trail connected the streams White the with Tank long before Europeans came into the of possible agricultural terraces or area. The discovery been carriedcheck dams indicates that farming may have on in the various canyons of the White Tank by Mountains utilizing seasonal runoff and rain water. OLIVE AVE 1 Miles X FD % % % % % % MQ Y % BR m % k ST IW 2 WF . % 1 # FD %

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# 1 # N FD 0.5 FD N R N R GC R R R R R R R R N R R 0.5 N N N R N N R R R N SUN VALLEY PARKWAY VALLEY SUN N N N N R N N N N N TRAILS N N N White Tank Mountain Regional Park N N Black Rock Long Loop: Rock Long Black 1.3 mi - 2.1 km round-trip, hike only. Loop:0.5 mi0.8 Short - km round-trip,Rock Black hikeonly, barrier-free/interpretive. map.) Close-Up (See 7.9km 12.7 miCanyon: - Ford Trail: Camp 6.4mi kmGoat - 10.2 Close-Up map.) Ironwood: 0.9 mi km (See 1.5 - 4.1 mi 6.6kmCanyon: Mesquite - Trail: 1.0South mi 1.7km - Waddell:1.01.6 mi km - WaterfallTrail: 0.9 1.5 mi hikekm, - only; first halfbarrier- is free. (See Cl ose-Up map.) Willow1.7 Canyon: mi 2.7km - BR FD GC IW MQ ST WD WF WL indicated. one-way unless shown are Distances - - Distances on map arefor segments junctionbetween not are included.) trailhead.and crossings (Road traiupto l notadd trail may jonmap lengths Due torounding,- unctions,segment or above. shown totals Figure 16: White Tank Mountain Regional Figure 16: White Tank Mountain Park these canyons, the sites include varying from 1 to 75 seven villages, acres in area, a rock shelter in the theface of a steep cliff overlooking tanks, and severalwhite sherd (piece areas. ofof broken pottery) Several the villages appear to have been sizeableoccupied for long periods by White Tank Mountain Regional Park covers nearly 30,000 system. largest park in the county acres, making it the and beautiful of the Park is made up of the rugged Most is a freestandingWhite Tank which range Mountains, from Valley River Basin of the Salt separating the Phoenix the Hassayampa Plain. The range rises sharply from its sea level, in a series of rocky base, at 1,400 feet above ridges and fault lines to peaks of over 4,000 feet. The base of theand upper levels serrated mountain are deeply with Infrequent heavy rains cause ridges and deep canyons. flash floodwaters to plunge through the canyons and pour lose their out upon the plain where they momentum. These torrential flows, pouring chutes down and dropping off ledges, have scoured out a series of depressions, or "tanks", in the Thesegranite rock below. tankswhite white the mountains theirgive name. Park History Eleven archeological sites, occupied during the time period the located within boundaries of A.D. 500-1100, were White TankRegional Mountain Park. All of these sites can be attributed to the Hohokam Indians. TheWhite Tanks apparently the Hohokam about A.D. abandoned by were 1100. There is no further indication of human occupation until the historic period, when the Western Yavapai of the terrain Due to the ruggedness controlled the area. sites inWhiteand the difficulty of obtaining water, the Tank restricted leading out of to large canyons were Mountains the mountains on east, north, and probably west. of Ruggedness of terrain and scarcity water restricted the leading out of the mountains. In sites to large canyons page 22 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System White Tank Mountain Regional Park Mountain White Tank

Priority 1 riders. andtrotting/gallopingequestriansendurance bicyclists andracers, multiple-use. They aredesignedforcross-country joggers,fast runnersand tracksare Allcompetitive events. andorganized groups, individuals, and high-speedoutdoorrecreationfor strenuous, to provide challenging, Competitive inadditiontoitstrails.The Competitive Trackis designed Track 10-mile offersanapproximately RegionalPark Mountain Tank White Ramada4. mileslong,beginsat loop ofBlackRockTrail,which isabout½ shortmile fromtheparkinglot.The about4/10ofa free toPetroglyphPlaza, isbarrier- Trail free.Waterfall andbarrier hard-surfaced short trailsthatare includetwo 2.5milesofpedestrian-onlytrails. These In addition,thereare from easytostrenuous. indifficultyto 7.9milesandrange 0.9mile from use trailsrangeinlength caution isstressedassomeofthetrails may beextremelyShared- difficult. welcomed, although ridersare bike valley andmountain below.Horseback ofthe mountains andpanoramas ofthe views breathtaking provide some hikes can campsites.Day establishedbackcountry in permit, isallowed with a trailsofvarieddifficulty. Overnight backpacking, excellent shared-use 25milesof approximately offers Mountain RegionalPark White Tank Trails information please contact the Ranger Station at623-935-2505. theRangerStation information pleasecontact Forfurther notstaffed. booth is entrance whenthe the self-pay station feeisrequired.Pleaseuse pervehicleentry A$5.00 Fri&Sat. and 10p.m. White Tank RegionalParkisMountain open6a.m.to 8p.m. Sun- Thurs Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page23 Plan

Priority 1 Figure 17: Waterfall Wash Segment Ten , the first segment of the Maricopa Trail,, the first segment of Maricopa starts at the

Segment Ten page 24 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System eastern boundary of TankWhite Mountain Regional Park. This segment one Avenue, the main entranceis approximately mile north of Olive into a connectionthe park. Segment 10 provides from the park to south end of Dam.WaterfallMcMicken It followsWash the and is located on has begun the process to purchase State Trust County Land. Maricopa this segment from the State of Arizona. An established trail head and large equestrian staging facility is located just inside the park at the trail entrance. Segment Ten Segment Ten

Priority 1 by FCDMC. fee in isowned thecorridor milesof corridor. Approximately 16 scenic backdroptothe anddramatic rugged the damandform a of west milestothe lie two Tank Mountains Valley. The White the western portionof the of outstanding panoramicviews pointandoffers atitshighest damis34feetabove grade The Sonoran Desertlandscape. appearing anatural ispredominantly areathat Park inan Mountain approximatelyTank eastofWhite Regional 1/4mile situated damis of the westend 200-5000 feet.The corridorin width varies fromroughly The miles inoverall length. McMickenThe tract Corridorisalinear oflandthatisabout 18 Flood ControlDistrictofMaricopa County. the maintainedby and are owned components and itsoutfall dam1950s toprotectLukeAirForce Base fromflooding.The byDam was ofEngineersinthe constructed theArmy Corps McMicken City ofSun unincorporated County justnorth West. city northwest ofSurpriseand portionofMaricopainthe County inthe arelocated components itsoutfall damand Dam. The primary of The component Segment Eleven Figure 18:McMicken Corridor Trilby Wash Segment Eleven Eleven Segment Low Flow Channel & Pool & Channel Flow Low McMicken Dam, McMicken Corridor (FCD Owned (FCD Owned Property McMicken Outlet Wash Emergency Emergency Spillway is the McMicken McMicken the is Outlet Channel McMicken ) that vary considerably in character. They are: that vary considerably incharacter.They and maintenance.Upslopeofthedam FCDMC owns astripof thisWithin stripthere isanunpavedroadusedforoperations 12-200 feet. the damFCDMC astripoflandthatvarieswidth owns in from base ofthedamis wide. approximately 165feet Down slopeof approximately wide 12feet andhasagravel surfacedroad.The for adistanceofabout9.5miles.Thetopthedamis channel, andaspillway, extends inaslightarctothenortheast includestheMcMicken Dam, alowflow firstunit,which The The McMicken Corridor consists of four geographicsections McMicken consistsoffour The Corridor The McMicken Outlet Wash. McMicken Wash. The Outlet McMicken Channel. The Outlet EmergencyThe Spillway. McMicken aspillway.a lowThe and Dam, flow channel, Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan -page25 TrailSystemMaricopa County Regional Plan habitat. potentially significant wildlife Corridoramakes theMcMicken that plantmaterials variety of arich containing landscape Desert resultisaSonoran The naturally. and poolareahavebeen allowed torevegetate During thepast40 years thelow flow channel Emergencynortheastward Spillway. tothe water carries runoffand area thatintercepts these two roadsisalow pool flow channeland northern perimeteroftheproperty. Between the andalong thedam of along thebase thisstripWithin thedistrict hasunpaved roads land thatvaries inwidth feet. from1000-5000

Priority 1 Figure 19: McMicken Dam Segment Eleven Segment Eleven The McMicken OutletThe component of the Wash McMicken the fourth is Dam corridor.McMicken It is Segment Thirty-Seven of the be discussed on page 73. Regional Trail and will Dam corridor Aging infrastructure issues along the McMicken for of alternatives a variety to look at are requiring FCDMC rehabilitating Dam or McMicken possibly replacing this facility These feature. conveyance flood multi-purpose a with impactthe decisions will the placement of trail within It is expectedsystem. that the trail will be included as a component of any future this projects within corridor. Segment Eleven continued Regional TrailPlan page 26 - Maricopa County System The Emergency Spillway is the second section of corridor. Spillway The Emergency This section is about one mile square and Grand is bounded by on theAvenue northeast and Deer Valley Road on the The Spillwaynorthwest. dam outlet structure and Emergency of the of this boundary form the southwestern corridor. Much area of the corridor has a decidedly industrial character. Inside this structure are two shooting ranges and three major power line structures. The Canal is Beardsley situated immediately structure. A significant portion of the adjacent to the spillway spillway asemergency established area has become a naturally mesquite bosque. Outlet Channel. corridor Theis the McMicken third area of the five This miles segment is approximately long and varies in from 500-2000 the width feet. The runs parallel with channel topographic contours and is designedcoming to intercept flows overland from the north. The channel is also designed to carry from the flows Dam flowMcMicken low channel during normal periods of runoff. Eastward, the toward Agua Fria River, the outlet channel is straddled by three large line power structures. The industrial appearance of this segment of the corridor theincreases towards east.

Priority 1 throughout eachcommunity. recreation andopenspaceareas,canals,employment centers toreachschools,parks, use pathsandtrailsalongtheriver corridor can of thecorridorasfieldteamsportsinparkareas.Bicycle commuters hikingcanbe asmuchapartviewing as wildlife and uses, activities such range of while embracingawide that maintainthecharacterofriver experiences By floodcontroltechniques andinteractions. implementing recreation and openspace variety of riveranda the accessto provides well proposedmulti-usetrailthat will astheentireValley benefitfromthe Peoria, as of City Park.The PleasantRegional Lake Outlet Channelto Segment Twelve Pleasant. plan identifiedapreliminary trailalignmentfromtheGila River toLake Maricopa inthe County AguaFriaRiverThe byDistrict of corridorwas studied theFloodControl Segment Twelve

includes only the portion from the McMicken Dam Dam McMicken fromthe portion the includes only AguaFriaRiver Master Watercourse Plan . This Segment Twelve Figure 20:UpperAguaFria Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan -page27 TrailSystemMaricopa County Regional Plan

Priority 1 In 1877 Mollie sent to Stockton, California, wherewas In 1877 Mollie Arizona's mental patients kept, after were being declared insane. She died in 1902 at the State Hospital in Phoenix. Jacob Snively, a man of unbounded energy as a prospector in California and Arizona and long notorious for his leading prospected Revolution, part in the Texas the area about Big killed by Snively was Monroe. same time as Mollie an Apache chieftain,Rump (Wa-poo-i-ta), in 1871 near the White Picacho, a prominent landmark about 18 miles of the Park.northwest of extensiveEvidence in interest mineral possibilities is invisible numerous prospect holes in the area, but a search Countyof mining claims and claimants at the Maricopa a few miningRecorder's office reveals only locations filed in the Park boundaries. Camping Lake Pleasant Regional Park offers 148 sites for RV and tent camping. Desert Tortoise Campground has 76 campsites, 25 developed sites, 41 semi-developed sites, and 10 tent sites. Each developed campsite has water, a coveredelectricity, ramada, a picnic table, a barbecue grill and fire ring. Each semi-developed site and tent has a covered ramada, a picnic table, a barbecue grill and facilities arefire ring. Restroom and shower available. All camping site in ParksMaricopa County are available on basis. The a first-come first-served Developed Camp sites are available at $18.00 per night and the Semi-developed at $10.00 per night. sites and tent are available offers 72 sites Roadrunner Campground and Picnic Area for RV and tent camping. All sites are sites Developed hook-ups, and electricity meaning that each site has water a picnic table, covered ramada, barbecue grill and fire ring. facilities are available shower nearby. Restrooms with Lake Pleasant also has shoreline camping during most of Shoreline depending levels. the year camping is on water available on a first-comebasis first-served and the fee is $5.00 per night. s e

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H Figure 21: Lake Pleasant Regional Park Lake is is shown atLake 1690 feet, usually reached G Mountain among the more colorful. anMollie Monroe, eccentric female prospector during the 1860s and early co-discoverer,a along with 1870s, was George husband her common-law Monroe and others, of Castle Hot Springs. Lake Pleasant is located 15 miles west of I-17 on Carefree (State RouteHighway 74) 30 miles north of Phoenix, within limits of Peoria.The acres offer anthe city park's 23,662 Withideal destination for boating and camping enthusiasts. 10,000 acres of crystal clear-water visitors can enjoy water skiing, jet sailing, or fishing. Park History Lake Pleasant Regional Park Lake Pleasant Regional Park, within the area controlled by during the historicthe Northeastern Yavapai period, was inhabited by Hohokam peoples during the prehistoric era. archeological sitesFive located during were an archeological of the Lake Pleasant area. Included in these five study archeological sites were a defensive site, a stone workshop, many Undoubtedly small villages. a farmhouse, and two oncemore sites were present along the Agua Fria but have gone under the waters of Lake Pleasant. The sites five occupied were during the period located during the study A.D. 700 to 1450. from the bed of In the park area, high bluffs rise directly greatly restrictingriver, the amount of for area available prehistoric habitation and agriculture. Despite this restriction, heavily fairly the area was apparently populated during prehistoric times, as located onsites were almost every flat terrace close to the river. The Lake Pleasant Regional Park area, while historically part of the mining and range industries of Central Arizona, had no with significant influence upon either. Prospectors met only frustration. The mines thatin the Lake Pleasant few did exist no lack of short-term was projects. There area were roamedprospectors who the area in hopes of finding their Sawyer and Jacob Monroe bonanzas. Mollie Snively were page 28 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 1 with boat trailers. Restroom facilities are also available at the 4-lane ramp. 4-lane with facilitiesarealsoavailable atthe boattrailers.Restroom also pavedtothewateravailable levelof1,600feet.Parkingis andfunctional for112vehicles boatrampis This boatlaunching. for offers4lanes Northendofthelake, the ramp, locatedat secondboat boatramp.The Restroomfacilitiesareavailable atthe10-lane trailers, and124cars. with vehicles 355 for480vehicles, 10 laneoffersroom Parkingatthe feet. of1,600 elevation toawater functional is paved and 10-laneboatramp boat launching.This offers 10lanesfor largestLake Pleasantofferstwo boatrampatLakePleasant boatrampsforlaunching.The Boating Segment Thirteen watercraft. per entrance feeis$5.00 Park andRoadrunnercampgrounds. Desert Tortoise andthe StaffHeadquarters, Pleasant boat ramp,Lake Center, 10-lane Visitor tothe access entrance provides mainState Route74offCastleHotSprings Road.The entranceto The Lake Pleasant vehicle and $2.00 per is located 2 miles north of 2milesnorthof is located Segment Thirteen Figure 22:Lake Pleasant the facility. byLake PleasantRegionalParkwill atrailplanstudy bedetermined for within exactplacementofthetrail corridor. The the AguaFriaRiver with connects untilit withinparkboundaries stay the Regional Parkand Pleasant areaswithin oftheprimaryparking trail willLake beginatone Segment Thirteen begins inside Lake Pleasant Regional Park. The Pleasant RegionalPark. begins insideLake Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page29 Plan

Priority 1 begins just east of I-17 after crossing Segment Fifteen underneath the interstate. The trail run north of Desertwill Hills and up Skunk Drive Creek in a five-mile by corridor provided the Construction on this segment has already Anthem development. begun following a Trailblazing celebration and dedication. Figure 24: Anthem Segment Fifteen begins at Lake Pleasant and travels Segment Fourteen Figure 23: Old Haul Road Segments Fourteen & Fifteen Fourteen & Fifteen Segments Segment Fourteen page 30 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System eastward alongeastward an old haul road easement.it will Ideally, corridorremain north of SR74 and utilize an existing waterline for most of the distance The take to I-17. crossing of I-17 will hasWash.place at Deadmanbegun County Maricopa Arizonanegotiations with State Lands for the purchase of for the trail.property

Priority 1 town of Cave Creek. town Creek. ofCave the and Phoenix, city of ofPeoria, city jurisdiction ofMaricopaCounty, areunderthe oftrailthat segments includessections entities. These LandDepartment,andprivate Bureau ofReclamation,ArizonaState Maricopa County, by throughproperty owned trailalignmentpasses The trail. to theregional routes ofthese trailsmaybedeveloped asfeeder consideration. Some from alsoeliminated were privately parcels owned or crossednumerous grades, traversedsteep alignments, roadway trails thatfollowed existing Potential theRegionalParks. between werewe seeking the connections provide becausetheydidnot of theRegional Trail did notfittheneeds majority(Appendix The oftheseroutes E)thatserved asastartingpoint. map intheMaricopaRecreational Trails County New AreaPlan River alignments identifiedonthe and Sixteen.arenumeroustrail There Fifteen, segmentsFourteen, for were explored A numberofalternatives Park. comesnorthoutofCaveit CreekRegional withas Segment18 meeting up Area Conservation Spur CrossRanch Landtowards Trust on page75.SegmentSixteen northeast acrossState thencontinues Segment Forty-Fivediscussed RegionalPark, Creek southeast toCave one legcontinuing withwill fork trail The across theirproperty. Trail theRegional to accommodate wouldwho like private landowners through GreerRanch.This segmentencompasses easements from Sixteen Segment Segment Sixteen will alongRodgerCreekand continueeastward Segment Sixteen Figure 25:GreerRanch Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan -page 31 SystemMaricopa County RegionalTrail Plan

Priority 1 Vulture Mine. Miners were sure that the Aqua River, Creek and the New Cave Fria River, stream of the Tonto also rich with gold. were but find the treasures, miners tried to A few met the Apaches who ran them out of the area. TheTonto Apaches controlled the area, wait. being, mining had to so for the time lured by Ranchers and farmers followed reports of mild climate, plentiful water, tall timbers and lush grass. All of the reports failed to mention that hostile Indians surrounded the area. Of all the tribes in the the area, the Tonto were most Apaches capturedfeared. They ate animals they and burros. including horses, mules, oxen, mobile, highly TontosThe were unpredictable, and difficult to capture. to the State appealed to the Newcomers Federal Government for assistance. The Civil War demanding the need for every was Washingtonsoldier. decided they leaders did to lose the potential gold production not want was capabilities of Arizona. In 1863, Arizona declared a new and separate territory, of New Mexico. splitting off from the territory A Governor sentwas to Arizona along A Governor with a small force of Whipple sent a troops to Fort in Prescott. In 1865, the army small force of 300 volunteers from California to establish Fort McDowell. Fort McDowell was located 18 miles east of Cave a regular after the Californians arrived, Creek. One year infantry unit settledarmy into Fort For 15 moreMcDowell. confrontations skirmishes, ambushes, and bloody years, raged between the soldiers and the Tonto Apaches. On WalterDecember 1, 1873, Lieutenant of the 5th S. Schuyler, led a scouting expedition that Cavalry, out of Fort McDowell Creek. After weeks along Cave resulted in the first skirmish andof searching for Indians, his troops found a Lt. Schuyler Westband of Tontos held up on the Creek. On of Cave bank Christmas morning the troops attacked the Tontos, killing 9, including one of the most fearless leaders named Nanotz. The Creek area has a rich archeological foundation. Dozens Cave beenof prehistoric sites discovered.have many However, more remain undisturbed. During the 1400s, bands of Apache Indians began drifting into the area. Soon, the Apaches spread throughout the State. They than the Hohokams. Instead of them different lifestyles brought with by hunting, gathering, and raiding. The farming, the Apaches lived the arrival1500s saw of Spanish explorers. Spanish found the The inhospitable. On their maps, central Arizona was desert to be very labeled as "deplobado" meaning, "desolate wilderness." began to becomeMining in a focal point in central Arizona history 1863. The call "Gold rang out. Fabulous in the Bradshaws" rich such as Antelope Hill. gold outcroppings were found in high peaks Wickenburg the richest strike, In 1864, Henry uncovered A.D. until 1400 A.D. Many reminders of Many A.D. until 1400 their living in the area still remain. Stone field and huts, pit houses, terraced irrigation ditches were left behind. There that are also many petroglyphs carved the Indians. by were Cave Creek Regional Park Creek Regional dedicated and became the Park was Cave on Octoberthird recreation area in the regional park system acquired from the Bureau the land was bulk of 31, 1992. The the 1970 of Land Management under a lease authorized by Recreation and Public Purposes Purchase Act. The 2,922- acre recreation area is located in the southwest corner of an and area that has been the scene of mining exploration development for over Prospectors 120 years. known were to be working in the area in the early 1870s. Deposits of copper, gold, silver, lead and tungsten have been found in the park and the mountains to the east. north/ Mountain, The landmark in the area is Go John primary 3,060 feet elevation, Creek Regional Park. At east of the Cave an area of shattered it Go John Mountain stands guard over of waves a silent spectator to successive dreams. It was hoped to make their fortunes speculators and settlers who either from mining the hills to north and east or by irrigating the level plains to the south and west. from a low Creek Regional Park ranges in elevation Cave point in the southeast corner of park at 2,000 feet to the top of oneGo John Mountain, feet thousand-sixty higher. Park History Creek namedCave for the small streamwas that rises in the hills to the northeast for and flows southwesterly 25 miles The in turn, was stream, before reaching Paradise Valley. bluff along bank that overhanging its west named from a high, forms a wide, aboutopen two cavern miles north of the taken Creek.present day Cave shelter there for People have skirmishcenturies. A bloody occurred within the cave between Apache Indians and U.S. Troops in 1873. in theAncient Hohokam Indians stayed area from around 800 page 32 - Maricopa County Regional Trail Plan System

Priority 1

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Priority 1 Segment Eighteen Figure 28: Cahava Springs is a north/south connection through the Cahava is a north/south connection through the Cahava Segment Eighteen Springs development commencing at the northern boundary of Cave the Go John the park. This TrailCreek Regional Park where exits segment then continues north to the boundary of Spur Cross Ranch Area. Conservation Segment Seventeen Segment Seventeen Figure 27: Go John Trail Segment Seventeen picks up just inside of the boundary Creek Cave This Trail segment follows the Overton Regional Park. to the Go John Trail to the all the way of the park. northern boundary The 4.8 mile Go Parks Staff as a long, more difficult hike. John Trailby is described Segments Seventeen & Eighteen Segments page 34 - Maricopa County Regional Trail Plan System

Priority 1 park boundary the trail continues onto the Tonto NationalForest. Tonto continuesontothe trail park boundary the miles northeastalongascenictrailtothe parkboundary. Onceatthe passing 1.2 throughthemaintrailheadandcontinues Spur CrossTrail thenconnectswith the parkstaff.SegmentNineteen determined by be will which east tothe route aproposed segment thenfollows This crosses theboundary Conservation Area. intoSpurCrossRanch Nineteen Segment Segment Nineteen begins as the primitive Elephant Mountain begins astheprimitiveTrail Elephant Figure 29:SpurCrossTrail Segment Nineteen Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page35 Plan

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l 6 E 0 3 0 Spur Cross Ranch Conservation Are 1000 0 1000 2000 3000 Feet 0.5 Figure 30: Spur Cross Ranch Conservation Area 0.5 Spur Cross Ranch Conservation Area Cross Ranch Conservation Spur Regional Park additionCounty's to Maricopa Spur Cross Ranch is the newest On JanuarySystem. signed 9, 2001 documents were Governor by Jane Hull for the state of Arizona, Supervisor Jan Brewer for Maricopa County and Mayor Vincent CreekFrancia for the town ensuring of Cave the conservation of this 2,100 acre ranch. Spur Cross Ranch is designated a "Limited use public recreation and area,"conservation Tentative plans include the development center, of a visitors to selected archeologicalrestrooms, and a trail system sites. incorporates both Spur Cross Ranch of high Sonoran Desert, A prime example floor and spectacularvalley rock outcroppings rising more than 4,000 feet into the mesas above. spring-fed County flowsOne of the last remaining year-round streams in Maricopa plants with and trees, including through Spur Cross. Its banks are covered andcottonwoods Abundant willows. water and plant life make this a home to many species of animals including mule javelina, deer, and coyotes. 45 Approximately of birds arevarieties reported to live in this the habitat. Beyond banks of the stream The park cactus. stands of saguaro region's thickest remaining lies one of the contains nearly 90 archaeological sites used the by Hohokam Indians between 1000 - 1200 A.D. Hohokam petroglyphs dot the area. Both the Hopi and the Fort McDowell Indian Mohave-Apache communities have identified Spur Cross Ranch as a sacred place. page 36 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 1 The following list contains primary goals addressed within the Master following Plan: primary withinThe listcontains the goalsaddressed forvisitorsatSCRCA. opportunities interpretive,educational and onrecreation, focus asecondary resourcesand cultural and environmental andprotectionof conservation the was on process focus ofthe modified tomeetthe requirementsofSpur CrossRanch. primaryunique The whichProcess andRecreationOpportunity Spectrum, were adaptedand within thecontext oftheU.S.ForestService’s LimitsofAcceptable Change recommendations formanagementofenvironmental resources andcultural year thatbegan planningprocess in February Itprovides 2002. within thepublicreceived thetwo- stakeholders,and received fromagencies, providing day fornonmotorized plan useactivities. reflectsinput The withincultural andnaturalresources while SCRCAthatconserveandprotect formanaginglands recommendations and provides plan addressesissues thepark.The formanagementof willprovidea framework process, public throughacomprehensive masterplan,developed A recently completed 4. minimizes ofvisitors that useandenjoyment to manageSCRCAfor 3. andimplementation monitoring, to provide adaptive management, for of2. transfer the and management land of continuity the toprovide for integrated ofacomprehensive regionally 1. tocontinuedevelopment adverse impacts to ecological and cultural resources. adverse andcultural impactstoecological SCRCA. within futureconditions forcurrentand strategies thataccount managersandstaff. ofSCRCA land changes knowledge during landowners. adjacent with program resourcesmanagement natural andcultural Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page37 Plan

Priority 1 Priority 1 Segments Twenty & Twenty-One

Segment Twenty begins at the Tonto National Forest boundary with Spur Cross Ranch and heads north on Forest Road 4, which is closed to motorized vehicles in this area. About a mile north of the Spur Cross boundary Forest Segment Twenty Road 4 meets Forest Trail 247. Segment Twenty heads east on Trail 247 until it reaches the Bronco Creek drainage, where it runs south past Bronco Butte to the boundary of the City of Scottsdale. Once entering the City of Scottsdale, it becomes Segment Twenty-One and moves east again on a secondary trail alignment identified in the Scottsdale Trails Master Plan. This Segment passes Butte Peak and Gold Hill and eventually reenters the National Forest west of Seven Springs Road.

Figure 31: Trail 247

Segment Twenty-One

Figure 32: City of Scottsdale Trail

page 38 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Segment Twenty-Two Segment Segment Twenty-Two in theplan’sdesignguidelines. limitsassetforth slope recommended slopes will the exceed meansthetrail Spur Crossboundary toBartlettDamRoad, the sectionfrom inthe trail,especially regional portion ofthe precipitoustopographyof this The forest destinations. users cantakethesetrailstoSevenTrail Springsandother RangerDistrict. Creek theCave network in trail an extensive into Twenty-Two feed Segments Twenty, Twenty-One,and regionalparks, linkingthe its connectivity.Besides opportunities they toMaricopa offer Trail usersaswell for routes thevariety wereThese chosenfor recreational of entities. Scottsdale, arelargeandprivately byonly afew owned remaining landparcels,allin and Twenty-TwoThe cross. ofthe that SegmentsTwenty land Service most manages Forest Park.The MountainRegional McDowell Area and Conservation viable SpurCrossRanch between connection a routesprovided Noneofthese Carefree andScottsdale. would possiblealignmentsinCave have combined Creek, were tothiscorridorthat severalThere alternateroutes Scottsdale. and oftheforest ontheboundary at StagecoachPass the segmentends where south District office,andcontinues crosses BartlettDamRoadneartheCave CreekRanger SearsKay segmentthenheadssouth past Ranch, road. The connects toapowerline corridorlessthanamileeastof the Canyonand ofRackensack vicinity Springs Road)inthe crosses Forest Road 24 (Seven crossesForest Road24(Seven Segment Twenty-Two Segment Twenty-Two Figure 33: Stagecoach Pass 33:Stagecoach Figure Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page39 Plan

Priority 1 Priority 1 McDowell Mountain Regional Park

McDowell Mountain Regional Park McDowell Mountain Regional Park is located 15 miles northeast of the city of Scottsdale in the lower 158TH Verde Basin. This 21,099-acre Sonoran Desert Park is one of Maricopa County’s largest parks. The

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8 % 2 NR i 1 SCOUT 2 0.8 mi - Granite - CA M P 1 1.3 km Tank .9 ASHER VIEW DR > r DR k Mink's m Camp In the early 1500s, the areas near the confluence of the Salt and Verde Rivers was home to between 2 .4 # m 2.0 mi i 4,000 and 10,000 Hohokam Indians. Native activities ranged from intensive agriculture, with river - 3 - % Sto .2 km - % ne m 0 NT .2 m a 0 0 n 3 > 0 k W . 3 2 . a s h 4 0 irrigation, to nomadic hunting and gathering. McDowell Mountain Regional Park contains the remains

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2 - i 1 o m m . 8 km 1.9 k i .1 # u - 1 s 160 2 # N 2032 l 0 .3 e k X y m 1.2 SM-W PB mi - WG In 1865, Camp McDowell was founded on the west bank of the Verde River. Remaining a permanent BF 1 .9 3 H 1 k 0. . 8 m 0.9 8 4 i mi GR 1 m m l 0 Rock # - 1 .3 i l 0 # .4 km k - s # m i Knob Trai lhead - military post until 1890, it was the only fort inside present boundaries of Maricopa County. Remains of 1 Y 5 . BF % 5 . # Staging Area 5 m M # k 2494 N i m the fort still exist in the present day village of Fort McDowell, just a few miles southeast of McDowell - Y % C 1.6 % 1 m k % D . i 0 D - . A 9 2.5 1 0.5 m k SM-W O O m 1 km - 0.6 Park. Due to the presence of Camp McDowell and the protection it offered, settlement in the Salt River .6 k HT R m M W S m 6 t . C Tonto # o i SN N E 2 .3 km n 0 I .7 4 D Valley was permanent. On February 12,1871, Maricopa County was created to serve the growing m - e -

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TT W 0 i U 2 # .3 - A EL population. 2 as k L M h 0 m R O .2 K MO m M O # 0. i D U 4 - R N U k m T L N PB A L E By early 1944, talk and correspondence originated regarding establishing a County Park system. A I T PB N A W O I N 4.3 D committee was established, studies were conducted for choosing locations, the process of land m C S i - 7

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PRESERVE % 18,273 acreage for McDowell Park was first leased in 1958, and patented in 1964. Through further

land acquisition this has been expanded to now encompass 21,099 acres. One of the largest in the

Maricopa County Parks System, McDowell Mountain Regional Park rates as one of the most scenic

Dixie Mine ( r e with majestic mountain views. # McDowell v FORT MCDOWELL i YAVAPAI NATION Competitive Track R e d Trails r

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2 V . 4 mi 0 - 3 0 .8 6 McDowell Mountain Regional Park offers k 1 m over 40 miles of hiking, mountain biking, FOUNTAIN HILLS MCDOWELL MTN PRESERVE BLVD and horseback riding trails. Park trails GOL GLE % D EN EA FOUNTAIN HILLS TRAILS range in length from 0.5 miles to 15.3 Figure 34: McDowell Mountain Regional Park BF Bluff: 2.2 mi - 3.5 km DX Dixie Mine: 2.4 mi - 3.8 km miles and range in difficulty from easy to N EG Eagle: 0.4 mi - 0.6 km loop, hike only. GR Grani te: 3.4 mi - 5.4km strenuous. Those looking for an easy W E HT Hilltop: 0.5 mi - 0.7 km, round-trip, hike only. LH Lousley Hill: 1.2 mi - 1.9 km round trip, hike only. hike should try the North Trail at 3.1 S NR North Trail: 2.9 mi - 4.7 km round-trip, hike, bike only. NT Nursery Tank: 0.5 mi - 0.8 km round-trip, hike only, barrier-free. miles. Those looking for a good workout 1000 0 5000 10000 Feet PB Pemberton: 15.4 mi - 24.8 km loop SC Scout: 0.8 mi - 1.3 km loop, hike, bike only. for themselves or their horses should try SN Scenic: 3.4 mi - 5.5 km (Parts subject to flooding) 101234Kilometers SM -W Stoneman Wash: 4.0 mi - 6.4 km (Subject to flooding) TT Tonto Tank: 2.7 mi - 4.3 km the Pemberton at 15.3 miles. Always 10123MilesWG Wagner: 1.1 mi - 1.8 km, hike, bike only. - Distances shown are one-way unless indicated; remember to carry plenty of water and let Contour Interval 40 Feet map does not show round-trip distances. - D istances on map are for segments betw een someone know where you are going. trail junctions, or junction and trailhead. - Due to rounding, segment lengths on map may not add up to trail totals shown above. On January 10th 1998 McDowell Park opened the 1st of 3 loops of a new

Page 40 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan utilize the campground dumpstation. utilize thecampground needing adumpfacility restrooms.Those can handicapped-accessible southloopoftheand showers. campgroundalsooffers The toilets offerflush ourrestrooms of All showers. water hot flush toiletsand barbecue grillandfirering.The Park offers immaculaterestroomswith up toa45-footRV, water hook-ups,apicnictable, andelectrical tent orRVcamping.Eachsitehasalargeparkingareatoaccommodate Familycamping areas.The Campgroundconsistsof76camping sitesfor and Group family offers camping RegionalPark McDowell Mountain Camping steep inclines. technical descents,and portionofthetrack offersswoopingThis turns, very for theexpertrider. Technical Loopis experts.The ridersand forintermediate Sport Loopis of thetrackwas designedfortheaverageriderbutisusedby all.The LongLoop trackatry The welcomegive the too. equestrian ridersare to and Joggers skillsasriders. their who wanttotest mountain bikers geared for is competitivetrack terrain. This descents, andrugged skills. The trackconsists ofsteepinclines, technical swooping turns, theriders totest ofobstacles variety loop offersa average rider.Each forthe riders,andone experts, forintermediate one 15 miles:oneforthe totaling loops offersthree thetrack park.Today, the competitive trackat Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page41 Plan

Priority 1 Priority 1 Segment Twenty-Three

Segment Twenty-Three takes the regional trail from Stagecoach Pass Segment Twenty-Three in the city of Scottsdale to McDowell Mountain Regional Park, covering a distance of ten miles. This segment begins at the boundary of the Tonto National Forest with Scottsdale and moves diagonally in a southeast direction for four miles. At the four mile mark it connects with a corridor that runs north/south along 136th Street. The segment travels south for six miles along this 136th Street corridor until it reaches the northwest corner of McDowell Mountain Regional Park. The 136th Street route was identified as the primary segment because it makes the most direct link with the park from Stagecoach Pass. An alternative connection to the park could be made by taking the trail west from 136th Street along the north side of Rio Verde Drive, and then heading south on the 128th Street alignment. From there the connection to the park would be made by heading east on a corridor south of the Jomax Road alignment. One feature of the 128th Street route that makes it a compelling alternative is Scottsdale’s plans to build a trailhead and grade-separated crossing at the Rio Verde Drive/128th Street intersection. The nature of land ownership near the park is another reason for considering use of the 128th Street alignment. Most of the property crossed by Segment Twenty-Three is owned by the Arizona State Land Trust and has been proposed for inclusion in the McDowell Sonoran Preserve. The remaining property, roughly a mile-long parcel south of Rio Verde Drive, is privately owned. Since this parcel is divided among numerous property owners any effort to establish a right-of-way for the Figure 35: 136th Street regional trail there may be complicated.

page 42 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan including Scottsdale’s WestWorld facilityandthePreserve’s “Gateway”. WestWorld including Scottsdale’s plannedforthatvicinity, Bell Roadarea.There arethreetrailheads PeakParkway/ Four fromanumberofstagingareas intheThompson are nonmotorized.Trailuserswill toaccessSegmentTwenty- beable All Preservetrails tosunset. arefromsunrise Preserve. hours Preserve Sonoran fortheMcDowell ofScottsdale by thecity regulations setforth attachedbecauseof mayhave conditions trails Using Preserve streetswherever alongbusy possible. plan avoids alignments using Scottsdale streetsidetrailswasthe trail seriously never consideredsince west Parkandsouth Mountain fromMcDowell along Regional the CAPanddownRegional Park.Taking toUseryMountain thetrail routeto workable a optionas Preserve left only the the community. That way through allthe connect trailsthat any haveFountain Hillsdoesn’t the city of work wouldn’t because Regional FountainHills Park via McDowellMountain from finally, togosouth available there.Andtrying through theFortMcDowell Community, butnosuitablealignments were the trail optionwas totake heavilyAnother vehicles. usedbyoff-highway forestis thatpartofthe and SR87,wasn’t recommendedbecause McDowell IndianCommunity Fort the NationalForestbetween Tonto Park. Onealternative,takingthetrailoutinto Mountain Regional waya viable McDowell RegionalParkwithUsery Mountain tolink were lookedatwhile threeothercorridoralternatives There tryingtofind ofninemiles. Four covers adistance staging area.SegmentTwenty-lead totheCAPnearWestWorld traverse andconnectto the thePreserve Scottsdalecity trailsthatthen Passtrailsto andWindgate Thumb, Knob,Tom’s planned/future Rock ofthe segmentusesparts The of Scottsdaleproper. and asmallsection Preserve McDowell Sonoran the through traveling the CAPaqueductby Segment Twenty-Four Segment Twenty-Four Segment Twenty-Four connects McDowell Mountain Regional Park to Figure 36:McDowellSonoranPreserve Segment Twenty-Four Segment Twenty-Four Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page43 Plan

Priority 1 Figure 37: CAP across Scottsdale Segment Twenty-Five Figure 38: CAP across SRP-MIC Figure 38: CAP across SRP-MIC Segment Twenty-Six This This includes includes Feasibility Study is the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct from is the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct across corridor length. ThePima-Maricopa Salt River Feasibility Study For A Multi-Use Path Along The will will be discussed at length in a later section. Feasibility Study West WorldWest in Scottsdale, southeasterly to the boundary the Salt with Pima-Maricopa Indian Community (south of Shea Boulevard). River Segment Twenty-Five the city lies with-in of Scottsdale and includes the land ownership/management of the Central Arizona Water Conservation District (CAWCD), Bureau of Reclamation (BOR), and Arizona Department of Transportation Twenty-Five, (ADOT). identified Segment as the Scottsdale Segment in Feasibility Study Segment Twenty-Five approximately 9.2 miles of the total 53-mile corridor length. It is primarily adjoining properties to the CAP right- land along the existing developed of-way. Segment Twenty-Six Pima-Maricopathe Salt River Indian Community and the (SRP-MIC) 10.5 miles of the total 53- Granite Reef Dam. There are approximately mile Indian Community comprises approximately 7.1 miles across adjoining land along the existing undeveloped properties to the CAP Aqueduct easement. TheDam section is approximately Granite Reef includes3.4 miles which and the crossing of Salt siphon, River are a Granite Reef Dam, Arizona Canal, and the South Canal. There significant number of jurisdiction and managementthis agencies within the Salt area. They Project, include SRP-MIC, River Maricopa County, Bureau of Land Management, CAWCD, Tonto and U.S. National Forest, Corps of Engineers. adjoining properties to the TheArmy existing Aqueduct easement/right-of-way are primarily undeveloped land. Segment Twenty-Five & Twenty-Six & Twenty-Six Segment Twenty-Five and Twenty-Six Segments Twenty-Five are both sections of the Central inArizona Project (CAP) divided Aqueduct. These segments were the accordance with Project (Feasibility Study). Aqueduct System Central Arizona page 44 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 1 well to the north and eastofthesite. well tothenorth thatruns aroute by selecting avoided park’s northernboundary,was ofUserywest PassRoadonthe Range, situated MountainShooting Usery potential conflict,the roads.Another the BulldogCanyon nonmotorizedusergroupsalsopresently utilize Equestrians andother access gatesfromtheForestService beforeridingontheforest. tolocked and the combination traffic. OHVusersmustgetapermit motorized area,areopento theBulldogCanyon Usery in PassRoad, eastof corridor portionofthe the Park. Roadsin Regional Mountain Usery trail thatwillusers toaccess allow within regional the Segment Twenty-Seven formsthenorthernarcofaproposed trailloop Plan. the Trail continuing alongthe CAP intoPinalCounty aswas shown inPhase2of parkand throughthe of continuing MaricopaCounty instead remain in to theprimaryMaricopaTrail option wasitwill chosenbecause allow for This intheprimary loop. Regional Park Mountain to includeUsery inorder ofthe MaricopaTrail be aspur segment will federal land.This allofiton coversForest Service’s network. segment tenmiles, trail The segmentThis uses a combinationofforest trailsthatwill be partofthe Park.Mountain Regional cornerofUsery Pass Roadtothenortheast Usery ReefDamacross ofGranite thesoutheast to the CAPaqueduct Twenty-Seven Segment Segment Twenty-Seven travels through the Tonto NationalForest the Tonto fromtravels through Segment Twenty-Seven Figure 39:Bulldog Canyon Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page45 Plan

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S U Figure 40: Usery Mountain Regional Park Arizona. Swilling came into the Valley in cameArizona. Swilling into the Valley 1867 and noted the ofpresence of ancient canal systems the early Native had irrigatedAmericans who the same lands. traveled between JohnIf Swilling camp a Y.T. Smith's hay as Phoenix and miles east of downtown Fort McDowell, few he presumably did in the summer of 1867, he came within closer to the ruins of Mountain Park, and even site of Usery American village and an ancient Native an old canal system situated between the park and the Salt River. The first to fields east canal broughtSwilling water of the present Arizona State Hospital near Phoenix and inspired the beginning of other canal building. Usery Mountain Regional Park became a park in 1967. Pass local folks, is the also knownMountain, as "Scarface" to the mountain itself wasgeological focal point of the park. The Usery Mountain Regional Park Usery Mountain Regional Usery Mountain Park encompasses 3,648 acres, and contains a elevation ranges from 1,700 to 2,750 feet, large of variety plants and animals that call the lower a 73-unit Sonoran Desert home. Facilities include campground (reservations not accepted), a group campground (reservations required). Day-use area includes a group picnic area (reservations required) and picnic sites grills, tables, armadas,with Park offers the Usery and water. outdoor enthusiast plenty of outdoor opportunities to enjoy hiking, mountain biking, and horseback riding; a horse staging area is available with picnic areas and hitching posts. Park History The Valley traditional account of settlement the Salt River credits a former Confederate Officer and gold seeker, Jack Swilling, with the beginning of the modern irrigation in central page 46 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 1 south ofthearea. the SaltRiver tothenorthwest. Abroadbasinlieswest and immediately and the northwest, McDowell Mountains across theUseryGoldfields onthenorthandnortheast, Mountains east,the onthe the Superstitions Nearby rangesare: amountain region. isontheborderof Park Mountain Usery security..... behindbars. unwanted a kindof providedhim unorthodox, his activities, Basincountrywhere up into theTonto losing ground,moved struggle tosurvive and,apparently 1880s. Hehadatough 1870sandearly inthelate inthearea whowas runningstock acattleman was title.He rather thana was firstname, his named forKingUsery (sometimesspelledUssery). "King" Coconino plateau region. Coconino plateauregion. ofthe intoorout move fallasthey and sight inthespring apicturesque present dogs, with their Basque shepherds and Mexican by led Flocks of sheep, Valley. Salt River tothe Baldysouth ofMt. north country high leading fromthe Usery Passisalsoknown forbeingamajorsheeptrail Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page47 Plan

Priority 1 Priority 1 Segment Twenty-Eight

Segment Twenty-Eight encompasses the Roosevelt Water Segment Twenty-Eight Conservation District Canal (RWCDC) and the East Maricopa Floodway (EMF). The corridor runs from the South Canal to Queen Creek Wash in the towns of Gilbert and Queen Creek, a distance of 18 miles. Segment Twenty-Eight’s route has been recognized as a regionally significant recreation corridor for some time. Because of its regional significance, this corridor has been identified in other trail plans. For instance, the Marathon Trail is planned for the EMF between Brown Avenue and the Gila River Indian Community. Similarly, both Gilbert and Mesa identify the EMF as a corridor in their recreation master plans. Completed in 1989, the EMF was built by the US Soil Conservation Service to collect flood runoff from eastern Maricopa County.

Figure 41: RWCDC and EMF

page 48 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Segment Twenty-Nine

Segment Twenty-Nine follows the Sanokai Wash and Queen Creek wash corridors from the East Maricopa Floodway (EMF) in the town of Segment Twenty-Nine Priority 1 Gilbert to the Hawes Road corridor in the town of Queen Creek, a distance of six miles. Presently Sanokai Wash doesn’t link to the EMF directly. Rather, it empties into Queen Creek wash just west of Higley Road and Queen Creek wash then connects to the EMF. Therefore the first mile of Segment Twenty-Nine from the EMF is on Queen Creek Wash. The remaining part follows Sanokai Wash along the Ocotillo Road alignment until a point west of Power Road, where it then moves southeast. It crosses Hawes Road just north of Riggs Road. The factors influencing Sanokai Wash in Segment Twenty-Nine are much the same as those impacting Queen Creek in Segments Fifty-Four and Fifty-Five. As with Queen Creek, Sanokai Wash represents a natural trail corridor and it is identified as a recreational corridor by the town of Queen Creek and FCDMC. Sanokai Wash is presently used by the public for recreation activities, crosses scores of privately owned land parcels, and has been hemmed in and raised by unengineered levees. Furthermore Sanokai Wash’s alignment has been altered by development, and FCDMC has plans to increase its flood-handling capacity with channel improvements and detention basins. These plans that will alter the wash’s original route even more. Figure 42: Sanokai Wash In the confluence alternatives section of the Queen Creek & Sanokai Wash Hydraulic Master Plan, FCDMC recommends redesigning the confluences of Sanokai Wash with Queen Creek Wash and of Queen Creek with the EMF. In its preferred design alternative FCDMC would split the alignments of the washes. A new channel would be built for Queen Creek Wash along the south side of Queen Creek Road from Higley Road to the floodway. Similarly, Sanokai Wash would have a new channel built along the Ocotillo Road alignment from Higley to the floodway. The final result would be that both Queen Creek and Sanokai washes would empty directly into the EMF. This means the regional trail will eventually connect from the EMF straight into the Sanokai Wash corridor.

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0 2 PLEASE N O TE! 2362 N 2391 SANTA N N MOUNTAINS Theyarethis pending on map not shown Numerous routes exist throughout the park. the establishment offormalthea establishment park trail system. Figure 43: San Tan Mountain Regional Park Figure 43: San Tan Mountain San Tan Mountain Regional Park Mountain San Tan page 50 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System San Tan Regional Park is a 10,198-acre park located south of Hunt Mountain and EllsworthHighway Road near of Queen Creek the town The in Pinal County. park has no water, electricity, or phone and is scheduled for future development. The park is managed by CountyMaricopa Parks and Recreation Department under a agreementcooperative with Pinal County and the U.S Department of Interior - Bureau of Land Management (BLM). The master plan has been recently updated through a joint effort between Maricopa County, Pinal County, the cities of Chandler and Mesa, and the towns of cooperation Queen Creek and Gilbert. Thiswill help to address the interagency needs and concerns Plan of all interested park users.be The Master will Final in summer available 2004.

Priority 1 at http://www.santanpark.net/ isavailable Newsletter #3and printedinRegional Park.Itwas Mountain process forSanTan planning duringthe developed mapto theThe rightwas Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page51 Plan

Priority 1 Priority 1 Segment Thirty

Segment Thirty is a relatively short section of the Maricopa Trail. It’s only four miles long and connects the Queen Creek and Sanokai Wash segments in the town of Queen Creek to a proposed northern entrance to San Tan Mountain Regional Park. The upper end of Segment Thirty is formed by the intersection of Queen Creek Wash and a community trail corridor near downtown Queen Creek. Heading southwest, the segment crosses Chandler Heights Road between Hawes and Ellsworth roads, turns west for a very brief stretch, then runs south along Hawes Road until it ends at the park. Segment Thirty crosses the Maricopa County boundary and enters Pinal County at Hunt Highway. (Though located in Pinal County, San Tan is administered by Maricopa County.) The proposed entryway into the northern section of San Tan is about a mile south of the county line. Segment Thirty crosses mostly private property that is divided into numerous parcels of varying size. Presently no formal entrance for San Tan exists where this corridor ends, though residents currently use the portal proposed here as well as a number of other entry points on the northern boundary to access the park. Maricopa County Parks and Recreation Department’s official policy is to require all visitors to county Segment Thirty regional parks to enter by a park’s established entrances. The town of Queen Creek has formalized these entry points by identifying them as desired entrances in its Open Space and Trails Plan.

Figure 44: Hawes Road

page 52 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan also identified as part of the City of Chandler Southeast Trail System. SoutheastTrail oftheCityalso identifiedaspart ofChandler segmentis This inChandler. Canal theConsolidated to Brooks FarmRoad alignmentof andthe line power a follows ponds. It refuse bisects two where it Chandler Canalin theEastern totheextensionof Gilbert. Itruns MainCanalin attheRWCD Road andOcotillo Chandler HeightsRoad between RWCD Irrigation ditchstartingmid-block The Lateral isanopen river areopenditches. southofthe inagricultural areas waterfromcanals thattake of thelaterals Many underground. areasare inurban theSaltRiver of Most north laterals periods. water ontotheirproperty forspecifictime valves bythatrelease throughout theyear opening scheduled intervals atregularly entitlement water customers taketheir Residential irrigation isWater routedinto and throughtheselateralsbyaseriesofturnout gates. inirrigatedareas. points to various delivery home to924milesof 'laterals”,ditchesthat IrrigationLateral. theValley(RWCD) Inadditiontomany is majorcanals, Segment Thirty-One Segment Thirty-One is the Roosevelt Water Conservation is theRoosevelt District Water takewater fromthelargecanals Segment Thirty-One Figure 45:RWCD Irrigation Lateral Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page53 Plan

Priority 1 Consolidated Canal Figure 46: Southern portion of Segment Thirty-Two Segment Thirty-Two page 54 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System is the southern portion of the Consolidated Canal running Segment Thirty-Two through the town of Gilbert and the city of Chandler. The Consolidated Canal is Consolidated Canal is of Chandler. The of Gilbert and the city through the town identified as the Heritage Trail in the town of Gilbert, starting at Westernthe and Canal of running to the city Chandler boundary. of Chandler identified the stretch Consolidated Canal from Galveston The city Street to Riggs Road as the Chandler Paseo Project. The Chandler Paseo Master passive 6.5-mile linear park designed to provide Plan illustrates a continuous recreation, open space, and alternative transportation along the Consolidated Canal. The and a proposeddefine canal, its right-of-way, ten-foot builder easement primarily the park. The first 15 feet on each side of the canal must be left open as clear zones SRP to maintain the canal. to allow the between 15-foot along thethe Meandering clear zone and east bank of the canal easement is a 12-footdeveloper concrete multi-use path. Theboth path services recreationalternative transportation jogging, and passive and accommodates walking, rollerblading, and biking. Adjacent to this path is a decomposed granite path for be of Chandler park to be lighted and accessible during city path is running. The hours. The equestrian trail runs along the the bank of the canal within 15-foot clearwest zone. The decomposed granite surface existing built up from the sediment provides an ideal surface for an equestrian path. The equestrian path is to be located on the opposite side of the canal from the multi-use path to minimize the danger of horses pedestrianbecoming spooked by and bicycle traffic. streets crossing the bridges at each of six arterial for vehicular also plans There are canal. These bridges allow will pedestrians, cyclists, and horseback riders to pass under the roadwayand safely uninterrupted by traffic. The bridge crossings will be program. of Chandler’s as part of road improvement city the developed TrailSegments of the Maricopa connecting the Consolidated Canal to Estrella Western Regional the NationalMountain Park are identified as the Trail Canal, through South Mountain Park, a power line corridor, and the Tres Rios section of the Eight, and Nine in Seven, as Segments Six, are described These corridors Salt River. the Sun Circle Trailof this plan. section Segment Thirty-Two Segment Thirty-Two

Priority 1 numerous state and federal agencies. numerous stateandfederal aswell as cityofGoodyear, the ofBuckeye, and city Avondale, town of FCDMC,the the between effort will ajoint be plan The SR-85 Bridge. the GilaRiver from the confluenceof AguaFriaRiver west tothe proposedstudyfor theriverreach of The will corridor.cover a17.5mile vision and isconsistentwith along-term,multi-use heritage oftheriver istoprovide flood protectionstrategyWCMP athat preserves the of theGilaRiver throughfloodcontrolmeasures. goalfor theElRio The functions enhancethenatural Masterand Plantomaintain Watercourse a isproposing County FloodControl DistrictofMaricopa The County Master ElRio Plan(WCMP). Watercourse ControlDistrictof Maricopaincludes theentireextentFlood ofthe Area. Wildlife toRobbinsButte and AguaFriarivers This segment Segment Thirty-Three Segment Thirty-Three Figure 47: Gila River Gila 47: Figure Segment Thirty-Three is theGilaRiver fromtheconfluenceofSalt closely involved in this cooperative planning process. cooperative planning closely inthis involved also been Regional Parkhave Estrella Mountain Department stafffrom Recreation and County Parks Maricopa Rio planningprocess. andensure Trail thatitbeintegratedintotheEl corridor oftheMaricopa this identify consultants to their and with FCDMCstaff closelyworking been planningstaffhave Trail River. along theGila integrate hikingtrails As amulti-usefacility, theElRioprojectwill communitiesto allow recreationalfacilities •Identify multiple-useand potential conditions. ondrainageandflooding growing area. andnon-structural • Develop andidentify structural both Control theadverse impactsoffuturelanddevelopment • •Provide protectiontotheresidentsinarapidly flood The ElRio will: The WCMP to complement and enhance flood control measures. floodcontrolmeasures. to complementandenhance flood controlalternatives. Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page55 Plan

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A 2.4 mi 3.8 - Baseline: km round-trip, hike-only. Coldwater: 1.8mi2.9 - km Dysart: 0.6 mi 0.9 - km km 5.3 3.3 mi - Gadsden: km : Gila miround-trip, 0.4 -0.7 barrier-free. km 14.0 - mi 8.7 Trail: Pedersen Rainbow Valley Trail: 6.0 mi 9.7 - km Trail 3.6 Toothaker: km 5.9mi - R BA CW DS GD GL PD RB TH Figure 48: Estrella Mountain Regional Figure 48: Estrella Mountain Park American presence in Arizona began. The American military now made a commitment to to the southwest gain further access to the the this presence also helped insure However, West Coast. containment and decline of the native Indian population. Estrella Mountain Regional Park Estrella Mountain Bullard RegionalRoad via miles south Estrella Mountain Park is located two of Buckeye in Goodyear,Avenue, Arizona, or 5 miles south of the I-10 Freeway Estrellavia Parkway. ten coveredThis features 65 acres of grass with 19,840-acre park ramadas, picnic tables, equipment, lighted ball fields, grills, restrooms, playground two an 18-hole golf course, and a rodeo arena. Park History witnessed the Regional Park, one could have of Estrella Mountain Perched on a ridgeline interesting andunfolding of many out in the desert events lives that have been lived Thelandscape below. history and lives the Hohokam Indian of the area begins with to 1450 A.D., and relied culture. This around 500 A.D. group inhabited the area from on the riversheavily and streams of the Water a area for their existence. obviously was of this The desert environment. critical element in shaping the cultures and history on irrigated agriculture, according to the based almost exclusively Hohokam culture was Historical Atlas of Arizona. Part of the Hohokam, later cultures, or utilizing a canal system, once located Regional Park. within the park boundarieswere of Estrella Mountain By 1600 A.D., the Maricopa and Pima Indians thewere tribes living near or around the area of the current park boundaries. Their encampments or settlements primarily were along the Gila River and its tributaries. From 1600 to about 1860, Indian Territory claims and the distribution of Indian tribes around the state changed significantly. However, the near or aroundtribes living the park remained and Pima Maricopa tribes. the Santa north to Gila In 1691, Father Eusebio Francisco Kino followed Cruz River the Gila to and then followed California, passing by or possiblywest River through a haveportion of the Park. Father Kino would been the first European to see the Sierra Estrella range. Between 1691 and 1704, Father Kino explored and mapped many of the Indian encampments then the the park and was border. between what Mexican From the earliest times of Spanish influence, until 1776, is thewhat now central portion of In 1822 City. Spain through the colonial governed in Mexico Arizona, was by government Revolution but interest in this ended Spanish the Mexican rule in desert southwest region from the United States beginningwas to grow. Boundary disputes between Mexico Whenand the United States beginning. were broke war out in 1846,with Mexico a new page 56 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 1 began acquiring property and developing the park system. the began acquiringproperty anddeveloping and RecreationDepartment Maricopa County Parks In the1940s, was established. town ofGoodyear was established.In1916the Coldwater, Avondale, latertobecome town of what Inthe1890stown Liberty. the of iscurrently one ofthefirstschoolsbuiltincloseproximity builtin totheparkwas 1880s, late Inthe few reservations. were ontoa State concentrated the establish farms.Duringthe1870sIndiannationsortribesacross areato settlers intothesouthcentralArizona brought thefirstAnglo late1860sand1870s The valley. GilaRiver middle vicinity ofthe inthe Anglopresence cameamorepermanent War, After theCivil was theCivilThis theonlybefore War. Reservation set up Park. Regional Mountain of Estrella andsouth east lands, justtothe Indiansontheirancestral Pima andMaricopa established forthe was Reservation this Initially 1859. in Reservation Gila River Indian Reservations inArizona.The firstReservation tobeformedwas the Indian beganestablishing U.S.Government the In the1850s, the UnitedStates. Estrella Mountainland thatisnowParkbecamepart of inRegional time all first meantforthe This day location. present was toits moved theGadsden Purchase,theU.S./Mexico boundary territory. Through all thelandnorth States of theGilaRiverwas declaredUnited cessionofland.InArizona, Guadalupe HidalgoandthevastMexican of Treaty thesigningof ended Mexico by In 1848,thewarwith variety of quality recreation opportunities. variety opportunities. ofquality recreation a greater and excellent forproviding potential resources many untapped Regional Parkcontains Mountain system.Estrella Parks Maricopa County valuablevery forthe preserved aresource factorsthatThese have worked toresistdevelopment have foothills. mountains and these traveledwho past European explorers desert, very first similarinappearancetothelandscapeseenby the of thepark.Most ofthe landscapeofthe development isst facilities inthepark, of growthEven andexpansion though therehasbeenasteady opened. that fallthefirstnine holesoftheSierra EstrellaGolfCourse were during and considerably insize Park hadgrown Regional Mountain park.By1962,Estrella the parkstobedesignatedasaregional Parks totheiryoung parksystem. Estrella Mountain Parkwas oneof theconceptofRegional tobeginapplying Recreation Department and CountyMaricopa Parks prompted the completed in1958 study Association ANationalRecreation change inthelate1950s. to theparkbegan perspective of a communitypark.However, this Mountain Parkwasyears Estrellaconsidered For thefirstfiveorsix than$10,000. operating budgetofless years land,and a first acresofleased and400 of purchasedproperty 828acres,428acres Parkinitially1953. EstrellaMountain contained of purchased inSeptember was thispark year. firstproperty for The that MountainParklater staff tocreateEstrella Parks andRecreation added totheeffortsofCounty Parkscommission,andtheCounty in thewest valley. involvement The ofthislarge groupofcitizens was ofestablishingacountyarea mettoinvestigate thepossibilities park In Julyof1953,interestedcitizensintheGoodyear andAvondale partofthevalley. community parkinthat attention toprovide a areabroughttheCounty’s the citizensinGoodyearandAvondale opportunities todevelopparksandin1953asparkofinterest from tolookforadditional Departmentcontinued Parks andRecreation County theCounty. The of were outlying areas developed inthe parks type fewcommunity a areaatthattime, urbanizing Phoenix inthe primarily concentrated was property Although County Park Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page57 Plan ill limited to a very small portion very toa small ill limited park today remainspristine

Priority 1 Segment Thirty-Four Segment Thirty-Four Figure 49:Robins Butte Wildlife Area ). includes several dirt paths and accessWildlife roads through Robbins Butte

Segment Thirty-Four Segment Thirty-Four The Trail trail that cross under the SR-85 bridge following Maricopa would an existing connects to the the in RBWA, Wildlife across the main road of roads and network trails in Robbins Butte Once Area. Hills and enter Buckeye across property continue south Bureau of Land Management would trail Regional Park from the north. page 58 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System Area to Buckeye HillsArea to Buckeye Regional Park. The Robbins Butte Wildlife Area is located seven(RBWA) miles ofsouthwest Arizona, Buckeye, and Region VI of the Arizona County in Maricopa 1681 acres. RBWA is comprising approximately for Federal Game and Fish Department (Department). Thewas purchased with Aid money property the purposes. In thewith areas along the Gila River 1950s, RBWAwildlife selected as one of two was the Black Butte habitat enhancement. of RBWA Most including greatest potential for waterfowl purchasedentities parcelsparcels was from private in a series of transactions from 1951 to 1973. Six totaling 1,511 acres are deeded to the Arizona also includes 170 Game and Fish Commission. RBWA acres of lands under the jurisdiction of Public Land Order Number 1015 (PLO 1015). The the PLO 1015 land has been managed Commission by since 1954 through a Cooperative the(FWS and WildlifeAgreement with U.S. Fish Service

Priority 1 unlikely in the foreseeable future. unlikely intheforeseeable is becauseencroachment rangedevelopment considered forshooting isbeing Park HillsRegional department.Buckeye heavily police by local have closedorarethreateningtocloserangescurrently beingused valley west inthe ranges shooting nearexisting Residential development rangeatBuckeye Hills. shooting and upgradethe investing toexpand to explore increasedrecently has potable.Interest reasonablybe made water,well buttestingwill haslocated berequiredtodetermineifitcan drilled recently area.A therecreation isnowater available in area. There atthesouthernendof large ramadasandasmallshootingrange grills, two tables,cooking picnic parkinclude50 Facilities attheregional the Southwest. route forarailroadacross areaa suitable waspurchased atacostof$10million.The considered Mexico. totalareaacquiredwasNew 45,535square milesandwas The and ofArizona southernparts the obtained Purchase 1853 theGadsden States. In the GilaRiver formedthesouthernboundary ofthe United yearsMany Gila River. the ago the southbankof of rollingbenchabove of 4,474acres Parkconsists 85.The StateRoute on ofBuckeye, Town Park islocated5five oftheBuckeye HillsRegional milessouthwest Buckeye HillsRegional Park Figure 50:Buckeye HillsRegionalPark 0.500.511.52Kilometer 2500 0 Buckeye Hills Regio . 500 Contour Interval 40 Feet 40 Interval Contour 0 Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page59 Plan 5050 Feet 5000 2500 . 51

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Priority 1 Segment Thirty-Five Segment Thirty-Five Figure 51: Proposed FCD Channels is made up of three Flood Control District Segment Thirty-Five Segment Thirty-Five page 60 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System Channels. The proposed North Inlet Channel, Jackrabbit Inlet Channel, Maricopa Floodand Tuthill Control District of Channel identified by Inlet staff. TheCounty placement of the Maricopa Trail would be incorporated into construction of future structures Waterfall Cholla and captures water from Inlet Channel The North WhiteWashes and feeds them into the Tanks FRS#3 flood waters Thestorage facility. Jackrabbit planned serve aschannel will an outfall for White Tanks to WhiteFRS#3 Tanks FRS#4. The ChannelJackrabbit also capture will waters from the watersheds of the White Tank White FRS#4 is Tanks FRS#3. located southWhiteTanks Mountains of a flood waters storage facility that undergowill remediation sometime in the next 5-10 years. The remediation of could this facility result in the a storage replacement of the Dam with basin. The proposed Tuthill Conveyance Channel serve as an outfallWhite will from FRS#4 Tanks be All 5 of these structures will physically to the Gila River. of interconnected into one combination storage-conveyance system flood protection facilities. These interconnected structures would White span from just south of Tank Regional Mountain Park connection with through McMicken Dam south to the all the way Gila River.

Priority 1 CAP Introduction

In 1986, the Governor’s Arizona Bicycle Task Force began the process to study the feasibility of placing a multi-use pathway along the banks of the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct System. It took many years to work out the details to determine how to fund, manage, and complete the study. The visionaries finally persevered and in June 2004, the Feasibility Study for a Multi-Use Path Along the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct System was completed. The agencies who participated in the funding and management of this study were the Bureau of Reclamation; the cities of Mesa, Peoria, Phoenix, and Scottsdale; the Maricopa County Department of Transportation; and the Arizona Department of Transportation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of and develop design guidelines for a multi-use path along the CAP Aqueduct system from the Waddell turnout in Peoria to the southern boundary of Mesa. This study looked at the opportunities and constraints for implementing a continuous path for those users desiring a paved surface and for those that desire an unpaved pathway. The study also weighed the operational and maintenance concerns of Reclamation and the Central Arizona Water Conservation District (CAWCD) with the liability issues associated with providing a pathway within the CAP Aqueduct system right-of-way.

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 61 Central Arizona Project

The Central Arizona Project (CAP) Aqueduct system is a 336-mile long system of canals, tunnels, pumping stations, and pipelines, and was constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation. It is 80 the largest single source of renewable water supply in the state of Arizona. The CAP is 79 designed to bring about 1.5 million acre-feet of Colorado River water per year to Pima, Pinal, and Maricopa counties. This water delivery system 75 reaches from Lake Havasu to south of Tucson. 73 The CAP is managed and operated by the Central Arizona Water Conservation District (CAWCD). 72 CAWCD is a municipal corporation, also known as a public improvement district. This quasi- 104 governmental entity was formed to repay the federal government for the reimbursable costs of construction and to operate, maintain, and manage the CAP. In September of 2003 , the 103 Central Arizona Project Aqueduct was identified by the Department of the Interior as a National Recreation Trail. As part of the recreational planning for the CAP Aqueduct, the BOR committed itself to maintaining a 20-foot recreation corridor on canal right (facing downstream). The Maricopa County Department of Transportation (MCDOT) contracted Logan Simpson Design (LSD) to investigate the feasibility of and develop design guidelines for a multi-use path along the CAP Aqueduct system from the Reversible Canal (Waddell Turnout) west of Lake Pleasant Road in the city of Peoria to the southern limits of the city of Mesa.

Figure 52: Central Arizona Project, Priority Three & Four page 62 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan The Feasibility Study For A Multi-Use Path Along The Central Arizona Project Aqueduct System (Feasibility Study) looks at the opportunities and constraints for implementing a continuous path for those users desiring a paved surface and for 38 those that desire an unpaved pathway. The Feasibility Study also weighs the operational and maintenance concerns of the BOR and the CAWCD with the liability issues associated with providing a pathway within CAP Aqueduct right-of- 39 way. 40 LSD conducted field research along the 53-mile length of CAP Aqueduct involved in this study. The Feasibility Study area was divided into six segments by 41 geographical location: Peoria, Phoenix, Scottsdale, SRP-MIC, Granite Reef, and Mesa. These same segments will be utilized in implementing the Maricopa County 42 Regional Trail Plan. The remainder of the CAP aqueduct is also divided by jurisdiction, however the same level of detail is not available. These segments 25 range from priority 1 to priority 4.

50 51 52

Figure 53: Central Arizona Project, Priority One & Two Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 63 Segments Twenty-Five & Twenty-Six

Segments Twenty-Five and Twenty-Six are both sections Segment Twenty-Five of the Maricopa Trail, making them the highest priority corridor. These segments were divided in accordance with the Feasibility Study For A Multi-Use Path Along The Central Arizona Project Aqueduct System (Feasibility Study). Segment Twenty-Five is the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct from West World in Scottsdale, southeasterly to the boundary with the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community (south of Shea Boulevard). Segment Twenty- Five lies within the city of Scottsdale and includes the land ownership/management of the Central Arizona Water Conservation District (CAWCD), Bureau of Reclamation (BOR), and Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT). Segment Twenty-Five, identified as the Scottsdale Segment in the Feasibility Study includes approximately 9.2 miles of the total 53-mile corridor length. It is primarily developed land along the existing adjoining properties to the CAP right-of-way. Segment Twenty-Six is the Central Arizona Project Figure 54: CAP across Scottsdale Aqueduct across the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Segment Twenty-Six Community (SRP-MIC) and is identified as the SRP-MIC Segment in the Feasibility Study. There are approximately 10.5 miles of the total 53-mile Feasibility Study corridor length. The Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community comprises approximately 7.1 miles across undeveloped land along the existing adjoining properties to the CAP Aqueduct easement.

Figure 55: CAP across SRP-MIC page 64 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Segment Thirty-Eight

Segment Thirty-Eight is the Peoria Segment of the CAP as identified in the Feasibility Study. This segment comprises approximately 3.8 miles of the total 53-mile study corridor length and is primarily undeveloped along existing adjoining properties to the Aqueduct right-of-way. This segment runs from the Reversible Canal west of Lake Pleasant Road, southeasterly to the 67th Avenue alignment (boundary with the city of Phoenix). This segment is a priority three in the Regional Trail Plan. The specifics of this segment can be found on pages 8-9 of the Feasibility Study.

Segment Thirty-Eight

Figure 56: CAP across Peoria

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 65 Segments Thirty-Nine, Forty, Forty-One, & Forty-Two

Segments Thirty-Nine, Forty, and Forty-one of the Regional Trail Plan are the Phoenix Segment of the CAP as identified in the Feasibility Study. The Phoenix Segment is described as the Cap Aqueduct length from the 67th Avenue alignment (boundary with the city of Peoria), southeasterly to Scottsdale Road (boundary with the city of Segment Forty-One Scottsdale). Segment Forty-Two is the CAP in the City of Scottsdale from Scottsdale Road to West World. This is part of the Scottsdale Segment, Segment 25 of the Maricopa Trail and is described on page 64. The Phoenix Segment comprises approximately 19.7 miles of the total 53-mile study corridor length and had a mixture of undeveloped and developed land along the existing adjoining properties to the Aqueduct right-of-way. These segments are identified as priority two in the Regional Trail Plan. The specifics of this segment can be found on pages 10-14 of the Feasibility Study. Segment Thirty-Nine

Figure 59: CAP across Phoenix

Segment Forty-Two

Figure 57: CAP across Phoenix Segment Forty

Figure 60: CAP across Scottsdale

Figure 58: CAP across Maricopa County land page 66 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Segment Forty-Eight

Segment Forty-Eight is the Granite Reef Dam. Granite Reef Diversion Dam was built about 50 miles downriver from Roosevelt Dam, at a rock Segment Forty-Eight outcrop or "reef" directly below the confluence of the Salt and Verde rivers. The purpose of the dam is to divert water from the river into the canals north and south of the river for delivery to water users within the Project. No water is stored, and no power is generated at Granite Reef Dam. There are no recreational facilities. This section is approximately 3.4 miles long and includes the crossing of the Salt River and siphon, Granite Reef Dam, Arizona Canal, and the South Canal. There are a significant number of jurisdiction and management agencies within this area. They include SRP-MIC, the Salt River Project, Maricopa County, Tonto National Forest, Bureau of Land Management, CAWCD, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The existing adjoining properties to the Aqueduct easement/right-of-way are primarily undeveloped land. This segment is identified as part of the Maricopa Trail. Figure 61: Granite Reef Dam

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 67 Segments Forty-Nine, Fifty, Fifty-One, & Fifty-Two

Segments Forty-Nine, Fifty, Fifty-One and Fifty-Two are identified in the Feasibility Study as the Mesa Segment. The Mesa Segment is Segment Forty-Nine Segment Fifty generally described as the CAP Aqueduct length from the boundary with the Tonto National Forest and BLM (north of Thomas Road along Power Road), southeasterly to the Maricopa County boundary with Pinal County (approximately Southern Avenue). The Mesa Segment comprises approximately 9.8 miles of the total 53-mile study corridor length and is primarily developed land along the existing adjoining properties to the Aqueduct right-of-way. These segments have a secondary priority in the Regional Trail Plan. Segment Forty-Nine is the CAP along the Spook Hill Floodway. The trail in this area will be incorporated into the Red Mountain Freeway (Loop 202) construction anticipated to start in early 2006, with completion in late 2007. MCDOT has been working in cooperation with FCDMC, City of Mesa, ADOT, and the local community to coordinate issues pertaining to the project aesthetics and trail system continuity. In Figure 63: CAP across addition to the Regional Trail, the city of Mesa has planned a trail Apache Junction corridor along Power Road from the Granite Reef Dam to McDowell Figure 62: CAP across Mesa Road. The trail continues to the east along McDowell Road to the Red Mountain District Park trail system. The trail would continue within the park between McDowell and Brown Roads, and then cross the freeway Segment Fifty-One on Brown Road to reenter the CAP Canal right-of-way. The trail then continues to the south and east along the CAP Canal and provides a connection with the Regional Trail. Segment Fifty-One is in Mesa between Broadway Road and Southern Avenue. Segment Fifty-Two Segments Fifty and Fifty-Two passe through unincorporated land in Maricopa County.

Figure 64: CAP across Apache Junction

Figure 65: CAP across Maricopa County land page 68 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Segment Fifty-Three

Segment Fifty-Three is the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct in Pinal County. At this time, Pinal County has no formal trail plan. However, the Pinal County Planning & Development Services Department, with assistance from many state and federal agencies, user groups, and private citizens are preparing a Multi-Use Trails Plan for Pinal County. This plan would incorporate the CAP as a major linkage between Pinal Segment Fifty-Three and Maricopa counties.

Figure 66: CAP in Pinal County

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 69 Segments Seventy-Two to Eighty

Segment Seventy-Two is the CAP Aqueduct in unincorporated Segment Seventy-Two Segment Seventy-Three Maricopa County as it crosses over the Hassayampa River near Buckeye. Segment Seventy-Three is the CAP Aqueduct across the town of Buckeye. Segment Seventy-Five is the CAP Aqueduct across the city of Surprise. Segment Seventy-Nine is the CAP Aqueduct across unincorporated Maricopa County from the city of Surprise to the city of Peoria. Segment Eighty is the CAP Aqueduct in the city of Peoria on the west side of the Agua Fria River. All of these segments are identified as priority three corridors. Figure 67: CAP across Maricopa County land Figure 68: CAP across Buckeye

Segment Seventy-Nine

Segment Seventy-Five Segment Eighty

Figure 69: CAP across Maricopa County land

Figure 70: CAP across Surprise Figure 71: CAP across Peoria page 70 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Segments One Hundred Three and One Hundred Four

Segment 103 is the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct from the town of Buckeye boundary to the La Paz County line. This is on unincorporated Maricopa County land. This corridor is a priority four. Segment 104 is the CAP Aqueduct inside the town of Buckeye and is a priority three corridor.

Segment One Hundred Four Segment One Hundred Three

Figure 72: CAP across Maricopa County land Figure 73: CAP across Buckeye Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 71 54 46 55 55 47 56 56 44 44 43 45 36 37 59 57 57 58 Figure 74: Priority Two Segments

Priority Two Priority Two page 72 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System Segments 36-59 are labeled as two priority corridors on theand shown in yellow Two map. Priority segments are important regional corridors that connect to the Maricopa Trail and may connections to provide the regional park system. These segments accomplish Goal 2 of the Maricopa Regional Trail is: to link County System which metropolitan areas, municipal trails, communities, and neighborhoods regionalwith nonmotorized corridors.

Priority 2 and width available will make locating a trail inthiscorridorchallenging. will atrail makelocating and width available terrain 1/4mile.The almost varies lessthan100feetto inwidth from River. It AguaFria intothe empties fourmilesand about flows southward isachannelthat Outlet Wash The DamCorridor. part oftheMcMicken Segment Thirty-Seven as SegmentTwelveon page27. sectionrunning fromMcMickenThe DamtoLakePleasantis identified throughouteachcommunity. areas, canals,andemployment centers space open recreationand toreachschools,parks, corridor the river along can usepathsandtrails Bicyclesports inparkareas. commuters field team corridoras ofthe part mucha beas can viewing andhiking as wildlife uses, activities such awidewhile embracing rangeof the river of thatmaintainthecharacter controltechniques By flood implementing interactions. experiences and recreation and openspace variety of riveranda the provides accessto as, theentireValleywillproposedmulti-usetrail that benefitfromthe Phoenix, thetownsYoungtown, Surprise,and ofElMirage andaswell cities of Glendale, Dam.The Avondale, toMcmicken New River fromthe theportion thissegmentonly includes River Pleasant, toLake Plan. Countyinthe Control DistrictofMaricopa sectionoftheAgua FriaRiver wasalsostudiedbytheFlood This Dam. McMicken Segment Thirty-Six Segment Thirty-Sixand Thirty-Seven This planidentified This apreliminarytrail alignmentfromtheGila is theAguaFriaRiver fromtheNew River to is the McMicken Outlet is theMcMicken facility isWash. This Agua Fria Watercourse Master Agua FriaWatercourse Figure 75:Agua FriaRiver Segment Thirty-Six Segment Thirty-Seven Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page73 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan Figure 76:McMicken OutletWash

Priority 2 Figure 77: Cave Creek Wash Segment Forty-Three is Cave Creek is Cave Wash. Creek It connects Cave Segment Forty-Three Segment Forty-Three Regional Park to the CAP Aqueduct, ten miles to the south. Segment Forty-Three starts at the southeast corner of the Cave Creek Regional Park. It runs southWash along upper Cave Creek under Carefree andHighway into theof city Phoenix. The segment passes through land and south further along Cave slated for Phoenix’s Sonoran Preserve WashCreek Buttes Dams into Creek and Cave the Union past the Cave miles two Hills area. It terminates at the CAP aqueduct approximately north of the 101 freeway. Trails master plan identified in Phoenix’s account for all of Segment forForty-Three except a short reach of Creek WashCave just south of Creek RegionalCave Park. Segment Forty-Three crosses land owned by the Desert Foothills Land Trust, the State Land Department, the Bureau of Land Management, and private entities. The private land north of Carefree Highway is held in large parcels a few by owners. Phoenix’s has initiative Sonoran Preserve plans for trailheads, interpretive trails, and other educational and recreational improvements in the area south of Carefree Highway. page 74 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 2 A detailed park description and history are available on page 32. availablepage 32. are on andhistory A detailedparkdescription ofCave Land Park. CreekRegional totheboundary across StateTrust Segment Forty-Five perimeter ofthearea. the arealsoavailablearound accommodate horsetrailers.Hitchrails lotto parking alarge gravel Facilityhas This horse stagingarea. isalsoa There designated. unless otherwise All trailsaremulti-use distances orsurroundingmountainscanbeseenandenjoyed. tothewestgreat south oftherecreationareaorlooking or north acrosstheplain,flatland, yousurrounding plains.Whether arelooking of vistas offerspectacular to enoughelevation have because they very Parkarepopular Regional trailswithin CaveThe the Creek fromeasytodifficult. 0.2 milesto4.8andrangeindifficulty from trailsrangeinlength Park horseback riding. mountain bikingand for hiking, 11milesoftrails Cave Parkoffersover CreekRegional tothesoutheasternparkboundary. Trail Flume onthe 1.2miles thencontinues Trail Flume intersection ofthe tothe 0.8miles Slate Trail the segmentfollows This Regional Park. Segment Forty-Four Segments Forty-Four&Forty-Five branches offofSegment16andrunssoutheast is madeupof two trailsinsideCave Creek Figure 79:State TrustLand Segment Forty-Five Segment Forty-Four Figure 78:CaveCreekRegional ParkTrails Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page75 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan

Priority 2 Regional Park Trails Figure 80: Usery Mountain Segment Forty-Six Segment Forty-Six consists of several trails in the Usery Mountain Segment Forty-Six Segment Forty-Six from the proposed The trail enters Usery Regional Park trail system. Tonto National Forest trail (Segment 27 Trail) of the in theMaricopa northeast corner of the park. The trail becomes the Pass Mountain Trail running 7.1 miles south to the trailhead staging area. From this point the trail continues south approximately 1.5 miles as the Noso Trail and ends head east along From here the trail would at the Channel Trail. either the Channel Trail or it could jump down to Trailthe Levee which parallels the Channel Trail miles. These for several trails both run into the Signal parallel each otherTrailwhich toWashthe Spillway Trail the south and for about a mile to the park boundary. From here the trail crosses onto Flood ControlFCDMC Structures. page 76 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 2 Segment Forty-Seven Segment Forty-Seven basins. areas with the native plantmaterialand creationofearthen, vegetated recommendations ofthisplanstipulate re-vegetation ofalldisturbed preserves 45acresofopenspaceand wildlife habitat.The aesthetic ADMP written by FCDMC. The (ADMP), MasterPlan Drainage HillArea oftheSpook components threestructures were These structures. ofdrop within includesanumber Located completely thepark,it andlarge earthenembankmentandchannel,13feettall 14 feetwide. isa PassMountainDiversion width. The feetin third inlengthand18 SignalButteFRS isanearthenstructuremeasuringamileand The convey point. thechannel measures30feetatitswidest floodrunoff, to Designed andearth. concrete of isconstructed and 2.5 mileslong, isapproximately channelthat floodwater isa SignalButteFloodway The Structure (FRS). Pass MountainandtheSignalButteFloodRetarding Diversion, structures. The structuresinvolved aretheSignal ButteFloodway, the consists ofmaintenanceroadsalongandatopachainFCDMC segment fromtheCAP.This Mountain RegionalPark access toUsery providing loop arcofthetrail formsthesouthern Segment Forty-Seven Park westboundary Mountain totheCAPaqueduct. ofUsery Regional takes the regional trail fromthesouthern trail takes theregional Segment Forty-Seven Figure 81: Signal Butte Floodway Figure 81:Signal Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page77 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan

Priority 2 Segment Fifty-Four Figure 82: Queen Creek in Pinal County Segment Fifty-Five Segment Fifty-Five Figure 83: Queen Creek in Maricopa CountyFigure 83: Queen Creek in Maricopa follows the alignment of Queen Creek as it links the improve the flood mitigation capacity of the Queen improve The PlanCreek and Sanokai washes. Master Hydraulic proposes doing channel improvements and building detention basins alongThese the washes. channel may improvements enough tobe severe change the alignment of Queen Creek Wash. is Queen Creek Wash inside Maricopa County. QueenWash is Queen Creek inside Maricopa County. Segment Fifty-Four & Fifty-Five & Fifty-Five Segment Fifty-Four Segment Fifty-Four CAP aqueduct in Pinal County to the line.Maricopa County Queen Creek the Maricopa County miles from five CAP approximately Wash intersects the until it passes through unincorporatedline. Segment Fifty-Four Pinal County reaches Queen Creek limits. town Segment Fifty-Five Southern Pacific under Rittenhouse Road and the Wash then flows Creek RoadEllsworth Road. The then crosses corridor railroad north of Cloud Ocotillobetween and Cloud roads and connects to a community trail corridor Queenrunning north/south near downtown Creek. Wash Queen Creek a natural is trail corridor. Despite some complications, it’s SanTrail from the CAP Aqueduct toward suited for taking the Regional ideally of Queen Creek identifies the wash town Tan Regional Park. The Mountain as a recreational corridor in its Open Spaces and Trails Plan. In the Queen statesWash Plan FCMDC Master Hydraulic that Queen Creek & Sanokai Wash opportunities for a shared-use multi-modal Creek excellent provides Hikers,trail system. equestrians, bicyclists, and off-road currentlyvehicles use the sectionswash, of which have been significantly altered from their of the wash been constructed on the sides natural state. Embankments have of west Rittenhouse Road to keep Queen Creek from flooding adjacent farm fields. These unengineered levees have raised the above thewash height of surrounding property. of the land inMost owned. this corridor is privately In fact, Queen Creek land. owned large and small parcels of privately many Wash courses through and northernRapid urbanization in eastern Maricopa is PinalCounty County and medium- turning agricultural land in the area of these segments into low- density housing plots. There are active and abandoned aggregate surface mines along Queen Creek Wash, near where it crosses the CAP, that have Thesedisturbed the character and alignment of wash. commercial operations may influence the placementeventual of the trail in this corridor. In response to these development intends trends, FCDMC to substantially page 78 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 2 place which reintroducing water tothedry includes riverbed. projectsto take restoration habitat resulted inlarge-scale has This neighborhoods. few older interspersed witha industrialareas and pits, gravel landfills, sandand thelandalongriverbedToday, hasbecomelinedwith a dry, barrenriverbed. providingwater supply areliable forthevalley, leftbehind they goalof their thedamsachieved series oflakes.While createa to rivers andVerde theSalt placing damsalong 1900s,theU.S.BureauofReclamationbegan In theearly farmlands. habitat aswell thesurrounding water asproviding toirrigate cottonwood/willow and mesquite bosques including vegetation year-round, supportinglush SaltRiver flowed The once 83rd AvenueAvenue. andSouthern atapproximately CircleTrail ofthe Sun Dam tothejunction Segment Fifty-Six Segment Fifty-Six is theSaltRiverfromGraniteReef Figure 84:SaltRiver Segment Fifty-Six Segment These Projectsinclude:These regional destination. regional destination. willthis restaurants, retailshops,andamarina complement in Arizona.Resorts, largestpopulation the water available to walls.slurry lake The provides thelargestusablebody of flood channelusinginflatabledams,awater pumpsystem and Lake,whichTown within isbeingcontained theSaltRiver oftheprojectis220-acreTempe focalpoint wide. The mile one Itis about Street). border (at48th Phoenix west tothe (east ofPriceRoad), 5.5 milesinlengthfromtheMesa border about Salado extends city ofTempe'sportiontheRio The Tempe Lake Town level, terracelevel, andLow FlowChannel. bank,slopesofthebankstoterrace 50 feetofthetop within typically projectsite includestheoverbanks, end. The ordownstream upstream endto19thAvenue western onthe Interstate-10 crossingontheeastern the extendsfrom 580 acresand sitetotals within city ofPhoenix. The the oftheSaltRiver projectislocated inafive-mile section This Project HabitatRestoration The PhoenixRioSalado centers are also being considered. centers arealsobeing andinterpretive maps,outdoorclassrooms, entry trail monuments, Linear parks,scenic bridges,projectmarkers,overlooks, pedestrian andinformationkiosks. shadestructures, including parkinglots, areas visitor andstaging centers offer a projects alsocould The SaltRiver. ofthe habitat thenative about learn visitors to ways for thatprovide systems dooffertrail projectscanand These Airport. Harbor International Sky project nearPhoenix reachesoftheRioSalado and Tempe Phoenix connectthe would that andanother Project at83rdAvenue Rios with Tres 19th Avenuethe Projectat Salado connect theRio arealsoseveral There otherproposedprojects,onethatwould as federalandlocalagencies. well as Community Indian Mesa theSaltRiverPima-Maricopa and projectinMesa, isbeingdoneincooperationwithThis city the of Va Shly'ayAkimel Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page79 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan

Priority 2 Segment Fifty-Eight Figure 86: Hassayampa River is the Gila River from State Route 85 to the is the Gila River from State Route 85 to the is the Hassayampa River from the Gila to the River is the Hassayampa River Segment Fifty-Seven Figure 85: Gila River Hassayampa River. Hassayampa Segment Fifty-Eight Flood Retarding Structures. Buckeye flows both above ground. River The ground and below Hassayampa Because the the river of the time named of this characteristic, the American Indians River, means Hassayampa which river.""the upside-down RiverThe is a Hassayampa dry bed river unless there is rainfall. As a result a This is also there are several sand and gravel operations in this area. used areaheavily for recreational off highway and 4x4 vehicles. Segments Fifty-Seven & Fifty-Eight & Fifty-Eight Fifty-Seven Segments Segment Fifty-Seven page 80 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 2 subject toreconstructioninthefuture. structures arecurrently remediationandcouldbe beingstudiedfor FCDMC andwill maintenanceroads.These property utilizeexisting located on will be trail west. This the to River Hassayampa east andthe tothe theFCDChannels between segmentwill provideconnection This River.west intotheHassayampa asasinglesystem,three structuresfunction with flowing floodwaters Mountains. The Tank White runofffromthe floodwater to thesouthfrom areas Hassayampa I-10andagricultural Theyweretoprotect River. built ofthe east Tank Mountains, and oftheWhite south of Interstate10, three Buckeye RetardingStructuresare located immediately Flood north Segment Fifty-Nine Segment Fifty-Nine is the Buckeye Flood Retarding Structures. The The RetardingStructures. Flood istheBuckeye Figure 87:BuckeyeFRS1,2,&3 Segment Fifty-Nine Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page81 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan

Priority 2 66 65 67 64 68 62 63 61 61 60 60 78 78 70 77 69 69 76 76 74 74 71 Figure 88: Priority Three Segments Priority Three Segments 60-81 are labeled as priority three corridors and shown in blue on the map. Three segments are regional corridors Priority componentsthat are not key of the regional become will at this time, but may system important future trails. page 82 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 3 development is a main function of the study. functionofthestudy. development isamain ofrapidurban effects theadverse these featuresfrom Protecting theriver. along vistasfound resources, andbeautiful historic culturaland and animalhabitats, diversity ofplant rich maintainingthe designofthetrailway emphasizes The ofNew River. the community Phoenix, and Goodyear, Peoria, Avondale, Glendale, corridorincluding by the connected Maricopa County are within River. jurisdictions Several River oftheLowerAgua Friawith totheconvergence theGila corridorstretchesThe southwest fromthecommunity ofNew Program. Equity Enhancement Transportation Act21stCentury (TEA-21) Department ofTransportation(ADOT) and theTransportation Governments withthroughtheArizona funding (MAG) studyThis byMaricopaAssociation of was sponsored the andrecreationdestinations. from homes,businesses,schools, travelproject offersauniqueopportunitytocreate routes toand with pedestrian,hiker,bicyclist, and equestrianinmind,this the Designed FriaRiver. Agua River andLower trails alongtheNew system ofurbanandrural is aplanned42-milenonmotorized The MasterPlan ValleyMulti-Modal Corridor West Transportation community ofNewRiver. alignments Trail were identifiedbythe the to spur ashort north leaving andtravel 17 attheriver crossing segment I- wouldAPI land.This Mountain crossunder the Daisy Segment Sixty Segment Sixty West Valley Multi-Modal Transportation Corridor Master Plan CorridorMasterPlan ValleyMulti-ModalTransportation West is the Newis the River fromtheArizonaCanalnorthto . Segment Sixty Figure 89:NewRiver Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page83 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan

Priority 3 Figure 92: Deadman Wash in Anthem Segment Sixty-Three Figure 90: Daisy Mountain North Segment Sixty-One follows a trail along Deadman Wash identified in in followsWash a trail along Deadman identified Figure 91: Daisy Mountain API starts at the crossing New River of I-17. It then is located inside the Daisy Mountain API.is located inside the The Daisy trail Segment Sixty-Two Segment Sixty-One, Sixty-Two, & Sixty-Three Segment Sixty-One, Sixty-Two, Segment Sixty-One the I-17 frontage follows road south a short distance and crosses over State Trust Land. The corridor then follows along a dirt access road identified through aerial photography, making a connection to the corner of thenorthwest land parcel. Segment Sixty-Two Parks County be determined by Maricopa will alignment in this corridor parcel becomes a County and Recreation Department staff if the land for a connection allow would to the Anthem Trail park. This segment and Maricopa TrailSystem identified to the south. Segment Sixty-Three Segment Sixty-Two join and with the Anthem TrailIt would Plan. a connectionprovide through Daisy Mountain API to the north. page 84 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 3 Globe Trailhead. Globe Trailhead. Mormon of the justnorth Trail theArizona joins line corridorand power a #87follows Trail #87. leads toTrail Horseshoe Damand National ForestandpastBartlettLake. Itthenpassesunder Segment Sixty-Six National Forest. community toconnecttheTonto ofRioVerde Segment Sixty-Five Rio Verde. totheparkboundary withportion oftheEagleTrail of thecommunity northeast crossingMcDowell Park DriveMountain a thenfollows segment identifiedby Parksstaff. continuesThe North Trail viaanew trail connectingtotheNorthTrail 5miles approximately runs thePembertonTrail atthewesternparkboundary, Trail Maricopa 23ofthe Starting fromSegment Mountain Park. Regional Segment Sixty-Four Segment Sixty-Four, Sixty-Five, &Sixty-Six Segment Sixty-Six Figure 95:Tonto N.F.Trails follows Forest Road #479 through the Tonto #479throughtheTonto follows ForestRoad is the trail corridor as it meanders through the through as itmeanders is thetrailcorridor is madeupof several trailsinMcDowell Segment Sixty-Four Segment Sixty-Four Figure 93: McDowell Mountain Regional ParkTrails Figure 93:McDowellMountain Regional Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page85 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan Segment Sixty-Five Segment Sixty-Five Figure 94:RioVerde

Priority 3 Figure 96: Powerline Trail Segment Sixty-Seven is the Town of Line Gilbert Power Trail as Segment Sixty-Seven Segment Sixty-Seven page 86 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System identified on the Gilbert Parks & Trails Map. The trail is located on an Water the Riparian at Ranch and SRP easement between Preserve Freestone District Park. This both a hard surface for trail incorporates as and rollerbladersa soft surface for equestrians. as well bicyclists Road just southLindsay of the a signalized trail crossing at There is also Freestone Park entrance.

Priority 3 Segment Sixty-Eight fIda colRa,vaabxcletadataludras atrailunderpass. and viaculvert abox of IndianSchoolRoad, south SunsetBasin,located floodcontrolfacilitywillThe connect tothe Road and64thAvenue. School BasinatIndian totheSunsetDetention Home Roadalignment Bethany the Avenue and 97th approximately at (Loop101) Freeway five projectlimits milesinlength.The arebetween theAguaFria BethanyHome/GrandCanalFlood The Control Projectisapproximately and atgradecrossingswill beforprovided where necessary. sides ofthechannelineffortstoavoid conflictinguses.Underpasses areseparate There equestrian andmulti-usepaths locatedonopposite uses fromtheprojectandtouseareaasalinearpark. to gainmultiple Parks Departmenthasworkedwith theDistrict closely In additiontothefloodcontrolbenefitof project,theCity of Glendale the city ofPhoenix. and District, MaricopaCounty Flood Control Glendale, venture between requirements inthearea.It isbeingconstructedaspart ofa joint requiredtomeethydrologicdrain projectthatis andconveyance feature locatedalongtheGrandCanal. isafloodcontrol/storm This significant Control Projectisa CanalFlood BethanyThe Home/Grand served acres. about17,000 thecanal time, Atthat Association. partofthe became 1906 andit inJune Canalfor$20,488 purchased theGrand federalgovernment The Grand CanalCompany. of theSaltRiver. Itwas plannedin1877and constructedin1878 by the north side the pioneer canalon oldestremaining GrandCanal isthe The city ofGlendale. RiverNew miles fromPapagoParkinthecityof Phoenixtothe inthe Segment Sixty-Eight is the Grand Canal spanning a distance of 24 of24 spanningadistance GrandCanal is the Figure 97:GrandCanal Segment Sixty-Eight Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page87 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan

Priority 3 Figure 98: Roosevelt Irrigation District Canal is the Roosevelt Irrigationis the Roosevelt District Canal. It runs Segment Sixty-Nine Segment Sixty-Nine Segment Sixty-Nine 45for approximately miles from 27th Avenue and Lower Buckeye Road to the Hassayampa This River. is identified as a of city Goodyear alsoproposed multi-use and equestrian trail. The city of Avondale has a 30-foot public access easement adopted in 1997 that allows for recreational use along the canal. At present there are no crossings the canal bisectswhere the major arterials. This be issue would addressed when implementation of this segment occurs. page 88 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 3 Segment Seventy Alignment Figure 100:Channel Segment Seventy to the wash. Phase I of the Bullard Wash Improvem Wash of theBullard I to thewash. Phase impr which recommends Master Plan(ADMP), AreaDrainage Tanks Corridor/White Loop 303 within FCDMC isincludedthe Bullard Wash areas. stormThis Bullard water Wash. wouldotherwisein streets,businesses,farmfields,andresidential collect the areanorthofI-10, theprojectwill collectandconvey storm-water currently drainingby sheetflowto fromflooding.For nearby development Airportand width protectthePhoenix-Goodyear floodplain and northofthePhoenix-Goodyear projectwill Itwill channelizethefloodplain The Airport. reducethe andwithinbasins. the channelalignment the of I-10andwest Road,with ofDysart anoutlettotheAguaFriaRiver. andothermulti-use Landscaping,fencing, facilitiesin through southMcDowell Road of Bullard Wash from highstormflows will take channel McDowell Adiversion Buckeye to Road. Road Bullard A and EstrellaParkway locatedbetween alignment, Bullard Wash alongthe channel earthen/greenbelt an Phase IIincludes channel fromtheGilaRiver BuckeyeRoad. toLower is Bullard Wash running approximately 13 miles from the Gila River through the city of Goodyear to the Agua FriaRiver. Agua fromtheGilaRiver ofGoodyeartothe throughthecity miles running Bullard approximately 13 is Wash Segment Seventy ents Project has already been completed and included construction ofanearthe andincluded has already completed ents Project been Figure 99:BullardWash Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page89 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan Figure 101:Bullard Wash ChannelImprovements cluding trailsareanticipated along n and gabion basket-lined n andgabion detention basins north venue, from venue, Lower ovements bemade ovements

Priority 3 Segment Seventy-Four Figure 103: Hassayampa River is the Hassayampa River to River is the Hassayampa to is the to the CAP. Hassayampa River Under Arizona skies. Is a wondrous qualityIs a wondrous And the title to its fame Hassayampa is its name Hassayampa Never tell the truth again. Never By the early SpaniardsBy told Known today from sea today Known to sea Girls or women, boys or men, Girls or women, Of a sparkling stream that “lies” There is a legend centuries old, To those who drink its water bright To drink its water those who Red man, white man,Red man, white boor or knight, Segment Seventy-One Segment Seventy-Four system linkage provide to a trail will ThisWickenburg. segment located in the Hassayampa River Preserve. River as Today, Hassayampa has been set aside a section of the Wickenburg. locatedWithin Preserve River in the Hassayampa crystal the river’s emerge, flowing clear waters the preserve above ground throughout the Thisyear. lush streamside habitat of most isthe Hassayampa of desert's home to some spectacular wildlife. Wickenburg founded was in 1863 Wickenburg, by Henry a Gold he discovered struck it rich when who German immigrant, he namedat what the Vulture TheMine. is located Vulture Mine close to the Hassayampa River. After his gold strike, copper and also discovered silver were and Wickenburg became a real People lived“rootin’ tootin’ boomtown”. who in Wickenburg had a habit of exaggerating the potential of wealth in this area... they bragged so much that it became common to in the west call whoanyone told “tall tales” a “Hassayamper” ... or a person who the by Hassayampalives In fact, to River. a townvisitor back way then, Andrew Downing, this wrote the town poem, now which has Wishing posted beside the Hassayampa Well near the river: Figure 102: Hassayampa River Segment Seventy-One Segment Seventy-One Segments Seventy-One & Seventy-Four Segments page 90 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 3 is in unincorporated Maricopa County. Maricopais inunincorporatedCounty. thecorridor restof The cityofSurprise. within the the CAPis McMicken Damand southernsectionbetween entities. The andprivateDepartment, BureauofLandManagement, StateLand by Arizona owned are largelandparcels There majority oflandalongthisrouteisundeveloped. The connection totheCentralArizonaProjectAqueductSystem. animportant Itprovides northern borderofMaricopaCounty. the McMicken Damto corridor connects TrilbyThe Wash Segment Seventy-Six Segment Seventy-Six is Trilby Wash. Wash. Trilby is Segment Seventy-Six Segment Seventy-Six Figure 104:TrilbyWash Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page91 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan

Priority 3 Segment Seventy-Eight Figure 106: Morgan City Wash Segment Seventy-Seven Figure 105: Morgan City Wash are Morgan City Wash.City Segment Seventy-Seven connects the northern end of Trilby City feature is Morgan Wash Lake Pleasant. The with primary side of Lake Pleasant into the west flows Wash which Regional Park. The becomes Segment wash Seventy-Eight intoafter crossing the boundary the park. This corridor passes through rugged terrain.of Most the route is within unincorporated Maricopa County. The remainder is inside the by of Peoria. There are large parcels of land owned city Arizona State Land Department, Bureau of Land and entities. Management, private Siting a trail alongWash Morgan City is consistent with recommendations from the North Peoria Area Drainage Plan completedMaster by FCDMC in 2002. Segments Seventy-Seven & Seventy-Eight Segments Segment Seventy-Seven and Seventy-Eight page 92 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 3 opportunities. with development developed inconjunction trails willlikelybe These most important futuretrails. of theregionalsystem atthistime, butmay become arenotkeyare regionalcorridorsthat components Priority likepriority segments foursegments, three Trail. de AnzaNationalHistoric Black Arizona Trail, andJuanCanyonTrail, Bautista County. alsoincludesportionsof the Four Priority Maricopa corridors locatedintheout-lying areas of majorityThe ofthesesegmentsareconceptual corridors andshownin purpleonthemap. Segments 81-114arelabeledaspriority four Priority Four Figure 107:PriorityFourSegments 105 105 106 106 99 101 101 98 107 107 100 100 108 108 102 102 97 96 95 95 109 109 110 110 111 111 92 92 113 113 93 93 112 112 85 86 114 114 94 91 87 88 90 89 89 81 Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page93 Plan 83 84 82 82

Priority 4 Segment Eighty-One Figure 108: Black Canyon Trail is the Black Canyon Trail. The Black CanyonThe Trail. Black is the Black Canyon Trail is a 62-mile nonmotorized, hiking and equestrian trail. It starts at the Ben Avery Shooting Range on the Carefree Highway and to extends Highway 69, Mayer, and the Prescott National Forest. On January 10, 1969, a Secretarial Order allocated approximately 65, 501 acres of public land for stock driveway purposes and established the TrailBlack Canyon Area (BCTA).TheOrder further stated, “subject to existingvalid rights, the [BCTA] be administered primarily area will for riding stock driveway, and hiking purposes, and other forms of outdoor activities such as hunting, camping, and rock hounding.” Recreation 1987, a Cooperative Agreement In May Management andand Yavapai Maricopa BLM, the by drafted and signed was (CRMA) counties. It stated that each agency must prepare a management plan submitted their County plan the area. Maricopa for their respective stipulatingfollowing year that the trail be nonmotorized. Since then, Henderson Trailhead built Emery using BOR funds and the BCT was became nominated and accepted as part of the Arizona State Trails System. The Black Canyon Trailas serves a major connection between the River, Trail, BlackMaricopa Canyon the communities of Anthem, New County. Cit, and as a direct link to Yavapai Currently, the International Mountain Biking Association is(IMBA) working with local agencies to determine trail alignments and continue constructing corridors. Segment Eighty-One Segment Eighty-One page 94 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 4 bicyclists. alternate routesremaintobefound in several areasformountain inmany areas.Furthermore, theplanningstages alignments arestillin following The descriptionisofthe general trailcorridor, actual Partners." part ofthe "ArizonaTrail Association became CanyonCounty, Monument, andtheArizona National TrailWalnut Pima Trail. fortheArizona wasdeveloped Understanding (MOU) Incompletion oftheArizonaTrail. 1995, a Memorandum of and plan forthedevelopment tocooperatively agencies allows these Partners) that ArizonaTrail Bureau ofLandManagement(known asthe andthe Service,National ParkService, Forest U.S. Arizona StateParks, between was established Agreement In late1993,anIntergovernmental trails inthecountry. will beonecompleted, theArizonaTrail ofthepremierlong-distance a nonmotorizedtrail. thevisionespecially ofWhen tomaintain newneeded. However, is needed intheseareas, trailconstruction Primitive roadsaretemporarilyinareaswhere linkagesare beingused number. originalnameand their by alsoknown trailsthatare existing from 11to35miles in length.Inmostcases, theArizona utilizes Trail ranging 43Passages up of is made Trail Map). The Route signed. (Trail and designated "officially" havebeen Arizona Trail the than 600milesof As ofearly2002,mostthe790milestrailopen to is thepublic. More and businessesareworking makethe togetherto Arizona Trail areality. volunteers, groups packstock users.Government andprivate agencies, will and cross-country snowshoers, alsoexist joggers, skiers, for orotherspecially(outside ofwilderness managedareas).Opportunities primaryThe usersarehikers,equestrians, and mountainbicyclists cultural diversity.biologic, historic,and highlightstheState'stopographic, primitive, trailthat longdistance isintendedtobea ArizonaTrail Mexico toUtah.The the Statefrom traverses trailthat nonmotorized mile will a790 Shewalter, be eventually thedreamhiking enthusiastDale of Flagstaffteacherand Arizona Trail, Segment Eighty-Two Segment Eighty-Two is the Arizona Trail inside Maricopa County. The The insideMaricopais theArizonaTrail County. prehistoric Salado Indians. Two well-preserved dwellings overlook Roosevelt Lake. Roosevelt well-preserved Two overlook Lake. dwellings prehistoric SaladoIndians. National Castle DomebeforeitpassesnearTonto Monument dwellingsskirts bothIronMountain and ofthe andthecliff Arizona entersMaricopaThe County Trail Area,located intheSuperstition National inthe Wilderness Tonto Forest.It Segment Eighty-Two Segment Eighty-Two Figure 109:Arizona Trail Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page95 Plan County. Yavapai north into thencontinues Trail for22 miles. Arizona Divide Trail The Mazatzal andfollows the Wilderness, Creek and enters theMazatzal crossesSycamore primitive roadsasit trailsand existing continues northalong Arizona prehistoric times.The Trail have beenamajorlandmarksince a largesectionofcentralArizona and FourPeaksarevisible over Wilderness. Area and Four PeaksWildlife tothe Bar eventually connect Three at Roosevelt and headswest Damto crosses Arizona theSaltRiver Trail The

Priority 4 Figure 111: Power line Floodway Segment Eighty-Four Figure 110: Power line Floodway Segment Eighty-Three is the Powerline Floodway in is the Powerline Floodway Maricopa is the Powerline Floodway in Pinal County. Floodway is the Powerline Segment Eighty-Three & Eighty-Four Segment Eighty-Three County. Segment Eighty-Four Segment Eighty-Three and Eighty-Four connect the CAP aqueduct to theFloodway (EMF),in Pinal County East Maricopa nine miles The Floodway the Powerline Powerline is a Floodway. via away, to the FCDMC built by concrete-lined earthen channel that was and Rittenhouse from Vineyard floodwater the Powerline, carry dams, and discharge it in the EMF. These segments connect to the CAP on land in unincorporated Pinal County, crosses Proving Grounds and the GM in Mesa, runs just north of Williams Airport before it opens into the EMF. Gateway held or owned of this land is privately Most by the FCDMC. The crossbar east/west formed by these segments creates two large loops in the regional trail in this part These of the Valley. trail the CAP and between trail users toEMF allow travel loops will to hike, having to the bike, or ride all the way without top or bottom to go east or west. they want when of the system throughThese some highly-developed segments travel industrial areas. Though such areas aren’t ideal recreational corridors, what lack in scenerythey and open spaces is offset by the fact that these accessible to directly make the regional trail more segments will residents of a rapidly part of the growing County. page 96 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 4 26 miles traveling most of the distance through BLM land. BLMdistance through land. 26 milestraveling ofthe most corridorrunsapproximately This toanother. River theGila one pointon from connection aneast/west andprovides Wash It intersects Waterman Mountain Ranch. and Estrella Goodyear cityof connection throughthe important line provides an power Area.This Arlington Wildlife ParkandrunningtotheGilaRiverEstrella Mountain Regional nearthe Segment Eighty-Five Segment Eighty-Five is a power line starting at the Gila River near River near at theGila starting line apower is Figure 112:Powerlinecorridor Segment Eighty-Five Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page97 Plan

Priority 4 Figure 113: Waterman Wash Segment Eighty-Six The City shall utilize The proposed regional is the Watermanis the WatermanWash corridor. The Policy C-2c: Policy drainage corridors as defined in the Flood Control District of County’s Maricopa Water Plans (El Rio) and Course Master in the Area Drainage Master Plans (SR303 Corridor/White Wash) Valley/Waterman Rainbow Tanks, as Estrella, and land use buffers, multi-use trails, and open spaces. Segment Eighty-Six Segment Eighty-Six Wash corridor is identified by the city asof Goodyear a proposed access provide through will corridor Thisequestrian multi-use trail. trail for connections Valley the Rainbow area and allow to the Sierra Estrella Wilderness Area and the Sonoran Desert National Monument. The City General Plan 2003-2013, Open Space Goals, Objectives of Goodyear and Policies states: page 98 - Maricopa County Regional TrailPlan System

Priority 4 Access wilderness.hawk the alsoinhabit goldeneagle,prairiefalcon,andCooper'sspotted whiptail lizard, giantdesert tortoise,mountainlion,muledeer, coyote,javelina, andGilamonster, sheeproamthemountains herd ofdesertbighorn of themountainshave shrub-live oakandeven juniper.Aremnant sitesontop ocotillo, paloverde,and elephant bush.Smallprotected cholla, includesaguaro, animal communities.Plantsinlower areas extreme differenceshavecauseddiverseThe elevation plantand of theSierraEstrella. takes you tothesummit QuartzPeak Trail The an elevationfeetinonly miles. of4,119 two hunters. Butterfly rises2,600 feetaboveMountain thedesertplainto and backpackers, climbers, forhikers, canyons provide challenges knife-edged steepslopes,androughrocky ridgelines, Arizona. The Phoenix,one ofthemostrugged mountainrangesin contains 14,400-acre wilderness, just15milessouthwestThis located of Sierra EstrellaWildernessArea as development occurs. future trafficroutesinthe roadsbecomemajor the unmaintaineddirt an alternateaccess intheevent as corridor was point that identified Segment Eighty-Eight (BLM).Management Bureau ofLand by the andmanaged administered Area Sierra EstrellaWilderness Segment Eighty-Seven Segment Eighty-Seven &Eighty-Eight boundary from here. boundary fromhere. roadsextendwilderness Road. Unmaintaineddirt eastward tothe Riggs toreachRainbow ValleyRoadand exit 121andtravel south Interstate10to bounded by River Take theGila IndianCommunity. area is Elsewhere,the tothepublic. accessible wilderness is crossings areruggedanddeep. Only ofthe western boundary the wilderness boundary areextremely sandy orsilty, wash and approach thewilderness boundary. the Primitive dirtroadsnear to vehiclesarerequired metropolitan Phoenix, four-wheel-drive Although distinguishedasoneof theclosestwilderness to areas is asmall unnamedwashThis corridor. identifies the main access route tothe access route main the identifies Segment Eighty-Eight Segment Eighty-Eight Figure 115:Unnamed WashCorridor Figure 114:SierraEstrellaWildernessArea Segment Eighty-Seven Eighty-Seven Segment Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page99 Plan Photos onpage: this Tony GIS MCDOT Group Renaud,

Priority 4 Segment Ninety Segment Ninety Figure 117: Vekol Wash Figure 116: Unnamed Wash Corridor Segment Eighty-Nine Segment Eighty-Nine This wilderness area is a two-hour drive from metropolitan is a two-hour area This wilderness Phoenix. Road conditions vary with high-clearance and four- wheel-drive vehicles 8 is recommended. Interstate Highway north of the northern wilderness boundary with access highway through the private available service facilities at exit 151 (junction of Interstate 8 and state route 84) and 144 exit Vekol Road is maintained, but can be (Vekol Road). The rough or washed out. Access is an unnamed wash corridor running south from corridor running south from is an unnamed wash The Lava Flow Trail meanders through the Flow The Lava of the lowlands wilderness area. Desert bighorn giant spottedsheep, coyote, quail, whiptail javelina, lizard and the Ajo Mountain whipsnake, and numerous birds, reptiles, and raptors abound. is Vekol Washis Vekol from the Pinal County line to a crossing Segment Eighty-Nine & Ninety Segment Eighty-Nine County. Wilderness Pinal lies in western The Top 34,400-acre Table Grande, 20 miles north and Case recognized from 45 Easily Phoenix, miles east, Table Top atMountain, 4,373 feet, is the highest peak in the landmark. summit is a familiar Steeply rising flat- area and its flat-topped and mesquite-and top mesas, ridges, lava flows, canyons, wide ironwood-lined washes surround TableTop Peak. into the and others venturing Hikers, backpackers, horseback riders, wilderness are rewarded solitude.with TheTop four-mile-long Table at the Top, the summit of Tabletrailhead hiking trail leads to the with southwest corner of the Thewilderness. view from atop the peak is a panorama of mountains ranges and desert plains. The abundant desert includesvegetation an unusual 40-acre island of desert grassland on the summit of Table Top and dense saguaro forests on the southwest side. page 100 - Maricopa County Plan Regional Trail System Maricopa Road/SR This corridor parallels both the Maricopa 238 at Mobile. of the Sonoran and Pinal Desert National Monument boundary County and connects to Vekol Wash. there are also to the wash, In addition several corridors accessutility containing and maintenance roads for provide power would both overhead lines and a gas pipeline. This options shouldvarious the corridor need to be shifted or relocated. Segment Ninety it enters theunder Interstate 8 where Sonoran Desert National VekolWash been anMonument. important to have is believed andprehistoric travel trade corridor the between Hohokam and tribes Signs of and is now large villages permanent Mexico. located in what habitat sites occur throughout the area, and particularly along the bajadas of the Table Top Mountains. Occupants of these villages were O’odham, Quechan,the ancestors of today’s and Cocopah, Maricopa, other tribes. This segment also provides access to the Table Top Wilderness lies in both Maricopa and Pinal Counties. Area which Table Top Wilderness Area

Priority 4 Sonoran Desert National Monument Sonoran DesertNationalMonument Area. the Rainbow Valley in fromagaspipelineand Desert NationalMonument Wash Waterman Segment Ninety-One Segment Ninety-One known asAreaA. formerly Mountains, Sand Tank entranceintothe A permitisrequiredfor Permits Stage Route. Butterfield Overland Road) affordsaccesstotheNorth andthe Mountains Maricopa (Maricopa StateHighwayand theFreemanInterchange(Exit 238 140). (Exit 144) Vekolinterchange atthe some access Interstate 8provides Access StageRoute. the ButterfieldOverland and the Trail, Mormon HistoricTrail, Battalion Bautista deAnzaNational theJuan including trails, several important historic includes remnantsof areas andmany sites, significantarchaeologicalandhistoric andit wilderness monument alsocontainsthreeCongressionally designated all Hills, separatedas wellvalleys.wide astheBoothandby The White Mountains, Top andTable mountain ranges,theMaricopa, SandTank monument containsthreedistinct forest.The saguarocactus extensive most strikingaspectoftheplantcommunity within themonumentis portionofthatdiversity.and themonumentcapturesasignificant The Desert isthemostbiologically ofthe North Americandeserts, diverse Sonoran The SonoranDesertlandscape. examples ofuntrammeled monumentcontainsmagnificent acres. The 496,337 approximately Clinton onJanuary17,2001.The outer boundariesencompass President Monument createdby was SonoranDesert National The sthenortheast connectionintotheSonoran is Segment Ninety-One Figure 118:GasPipeline Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page101 Plan Photo: Tony Renaud, MCDOT GIS Group Group GIS MCDOT Renaud, Tony Photo:

Priority 4 Photos on this page: Tony Renaud, MCDOT GIS Group Renaud, Group MCDOT GIS Tony this on page: Photos Segment Ninety-Two Figure 119: North Maricopa Wilderness Area provides access provides to the North Maricopa Segment Ninety-Two Segment Ninety-Two Segment Ninety-Two This lies in southwestern 63,200-acre wilderness Maricopa County, of Phoenix,12 miles east of Gila Bend and 20 southwest Arizona. It contains a 10-mile section of Mountains,the Maricopa a (1,000low-elevation to 2,813 feet) Sonoran Desert range, and extensive surrounding desert plains. The North Maricopa Mountains are a jumble of long ridges and isolated peaks, bajadas separated by Vegetationand washes. includes saguaro, cholla, ocotillo, and other Sonoran Desert plant species. Desert bighorn sheep, desert tortoise, the and raptorscoyotes, bobcat, fox, inhabit deer, Gambel's quail, wilderness. providesThe wilderness outstanding opportunities for solitude and recreation, includingprimitive hiking, backpacking, horseback riding, The and photography. observation, Margie'scamping, wildlife Cove through the heart of North take you and Brittlebush Trails Wilderness. Mountains Maricopa page 102 - Maricopa County Plan Regional Trail System Mountains WildernessMountains Area situated in the Sonoran Desert National This Monument. segment dirt is a primitive access road directly off of West Cove Trailhead. SR-85 that connects to the BLM Margies West Cove parking forMargies Trailhead includes day-use ten three campsites picnicvehicles, a with tables and steel fire rings, toilet, and informationalvault signage. North Maricopa Wilderness Area Mountains

Priority 4 Monument. DesertNational Sonoran Areaaswell asthe access pointintothe Wilderness justnorthintersecting withAnza ofGilaBendand the Trail provides another power trailhead.The the BLM’slinecontinues southalso Cove Margies West provides to that access aprimitive Areaandintersects with dirtroad Wilderness Maricopa Mountains North ofthe boundary follows power the linealso The the power road. linefromthe togainaccess as enough proximity beingwithin close experience, whilestill havea quality awayallows theroadto enough recreation userstobefar from asatrailcorridor Federalland.Utilizingthepowersides by line and Private Gila Bend.SR-85isborderedonboth between theGilaRiver of andthetown connection asimportantnorth/south lineserves power This Historic Trail. the GilaRiver totheintersection of theJuanBautistadeAnzaNational south Segment Ninety-Three Segment Ninety-Three is a power line running parallel to State Route 85 from Route85from paralleltoState linerunning is apower Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page103 Plan Figure 120:SR-85Powerline Segment Ninety-Three Ninety-Three Segment

Priority 4 is the Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail inside Maricopa County. is the Juan Bautista de Anza National HistoricCounty. Trail inside Maricopa Figure 121: Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail Segment Ninety-Four Segment Ninety-Four Segment Ninety-Four mid 1770s, to California. In the from Mexico 1,200 miles long, running Trail approximately Anza is The complete the Spanish Viceroy commanded Juan Bautista San Francisco de Anza to fortify with more settlers from Sonora, to protect the Pacific from RussianCoast and English influence. A land route need towould be found to transport oftenpeople and supplies, as sail ships were lost at sea. Anza gathered 30 families, supplies and provisions, and set out from Tubac, Arizona. They continued along the Yuma Indians to and were later helped by cross the Colorado River. He later to the Gila River, Santa Cruz River the expeditiondivided into three groups, each one day apart to allow holes water to refill. regrouped They at iswhat the today Anza Borrego Desert State Park and reached San GabrielMission Arcángel, then followed established trails through Indian villages along the coast of California and arrived at California. Monterey, the first trail of Congress in 1990, and was authorized by Trail was Anza National Historic The Juan Bautista de Westernits kind in the Region of the National Park Service. The National Park Service (NPS) manages the Anza development,Trailpreservation, and enjoyment and guides the of the trail. Management of trail resources and remains individual right-of-way landowners,with non-profit groups, and federal, state, and local agencies. In Arizona, citizens in Santa Cruz County completed have a 4.5 mile segment of the trail from Tumacacori National Historical Park to Tubac Presidio State Historic Park. Captain Since Anza at Tubacwas Presidio, this segment interesting. of the and interpreted along a five-mile Thesegment of the trail is particularly trail is marked Santa Cruz River in the AnzaTucson where Trail Coalition of Arizona has planted a tree in Anza’s memory along the Paseo de los Arboles. About 13 miles of completed trail can be experienced in County Maricopa in a pristine This the Bureau of also includes the historical Mormon Land Management. setting on land managed by corridor StageBattalion Trail and Butterfield Overland Route. page 104 - Maricopa County Plan Regional Trail System

Priority 4 Segments Ninety-Five & Ninety-Six

Segment Ninety-Five is Sauceda Wash. This corridor starts at the Segment Ninety-Six identifies the only legal way to traverse the northern boundary of the Barry M. Goldwater Gunnery Range. It Segment Ninety-Six Barry M. Goldwater Gunnery Range. It follows a corridor provides a connection under Interstate-8 and through the town of Gila consisting of SR-85 as well as the Tucson, Cornelia, and Gila Bend. It then connects with the Gila River near the Gila Bend Indian Bend Rail corridor owned by Phelps Dodge Corporation. This Community. segment provides connections to Pima County and Ajo. There is no agreement at this time between any of the agencies involved. Segment Ninety-Five Barry M. Goldwater Gunnery Range This is the second largest land-based military range in the United States. Since it was established at the beginning of World War II, the Goldwater Range has served continuously as a tactical air combat training center. The Range is composed of almost 4200 square miles of land in southwestern Arizona and the overlying airspace. Approximately two-thirds of the land space has been reserved for military training. The remaining one-third of the Goldwater Range lies within the Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge where ground-based military activities do not occur. Airspace overlying the Cabeza Prieta as well as the rest of the Goldwater Range is used for military training. The Goldwater Range is also one of the largest and best- preserved native desert regions remaining in the United States. The public can visit the Goldwater Range, but only under a strictly enforced permit system and rules that are necessary to ensure Figure 122: Sauceda Wash human safety, prevent interference with military training, and protect the desert environment. There are several distinct administrative sections on the Goldwater Range: the Eastern Section-U.S. Air Force, Western Section-U.S. Marine Corps, Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge-U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, non-military uses in both the Eastern and Western Sections are administered by the Bureau of Land Management. Non-military uses can occur on the Goldwater Range to the extent that they are compatible with military operations. The BLM and military managers identified wildlife habitat protection, environmental conservation and Figure 123: Gunnery Range

studt, and some forms of outdoor recreation Priority 4 including hiking and camping as the principal uses compatible with the military priorities of the Goldwater Range.

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 105 vehicles are recommended, except for portions of Segment Ninety-Seven Segment Ninety-Seven Figure 124: Gila River Woolsey Peak WildernessWoolsey Area This is in 64,000-acre wilderness southwest Maricopa County, 11 miles northwest of Gila Bend and 32 miles of Phoenix,southwest Arizona. Wilderness.It is adjacent to the 13,350-acre Signal Mountain This encompasses a major part of the Gila wilderness BendThe Mountains. topography diverse and geology flows,include sloping lava basalt mesas, rugged peaks, and ridges. The Woolsey 3,270-foot Peak, rising 2,500 feet throughout visible above the Gila River, is a geographicsouthwestern landmark Arizona. The wilderness contains a of including creosote, andsurprising variety vegetation, bursage. Theare lined saguaro, cholla, paloverde, washes desert mesquite, ,and ironwood with paloverde. opportunities ruggedness,offer for solitude and primitive excellent and size of the wilderness The diversity, hiking, and sightseeing photography, are recreation; backpacking trips, horseback riding, day wildlife observation, also common. Desert bighorn sheep, and mule deer, bobcats, cougars, hawks and owls, and raptorsvarious frequent the region. Access old U.S. 80 and EnterpriseHighway This is accessible via Road south wilderness of Arlington, via various jeep trails south fromextending the Aqua Caliente Road, and Interstatevia 8 and the Painted Rocks Dam Road west of Gila Bend. High-clearance vehicles are needed and four-wheel-drive the Enterprise Road south of Gillespie Dam. camping facilities and a popular was fishing attraction, closedbut was to the public in 1989 due to unsafe levels there is no Currently, of pollutants in the Gila River. public access to Painted Dam or the Lake Unit. Rocks Painted Rocks Petroglyph Site, approximately 90 miles southwest of Phoenix, Arizona, provides visitors the opportunity to view an ancient archaeological etchings, or site containing hundreds of symbolic and artistic rock "petroglyphs," produced centuries ago by prehistoric peoples. There are also passed inscriptions made by people who through during historic times. Many Site, occurred in events near the Petroglyph Arizona history well-known including the expedition of Juan Bautista de Anza that founded San Formerly Mail. Battalion, and the Butterfield Overland Francisco, the Mormon a unit of the Arizona State Park system, jurisdiction of Painted Rocks Site revertedPetroglyph to the Bureau of Land inManagement 1989. Picnic tables, barbeque grills, steel fire rings, and a toilet arevault for provided camping. A ramada for is available picnicking and primitive group activities. The trailerdump stations are provided. No potable water, hook-ups, or former Painted Rocks State Park included a "Lake Unit" near Painted Rocks Dam approximately 4.5 miles north of the Site. Petroglyph This area included Segment Ninety-Seven to just from the Hassayampa River is the Gila River Segment Ninety-Seven Woolseysouthwest of Wilderness Peak Area. It traverses through the Wildlife of Gila Bend, the town Arlington Area, and Painted Rocks Petroglyph Site. Wildlife Arlington Area bank of the Gila along the west located Wildlife is Area (AWA) The Arlington of southwest Arlington and 15 miles approximately 3-1/2 miles south of River 1500 acres, approximately Arizona. AWA is in Maricopa County, Buckeye by the Arizona Game and Fish Commission owned being composed of lands and lands owned by other governmental agencies but managed for by wildlife ponds The area has two long-term agreement. wildlife Game and Fish under 10 acres, an extensive stand of salt cedar, and abouttotaling approximately four miles of river channel including cattails running water, and other sand and gravel bars, riparian trees such as emergent vegetation, cedar. andsalt willow, cottonwood, Site Painted Rocks Petroglyph page 106 - Maricopa County Plan Regional Trail System

Priority 4 Segments Ninety-Eight & Ninety-Nine

Segment Ninety-Eight follows portions of the Fourth of July Wash located in western Maricopa County about 20 miles west of Old US 80 Segment Ninety-Eight Segment Ninety-Nine along Agua Caliente Road. This segment starts from the Painted Rocks Dam area to and continues to Centennial Wash. This would provide a north/south connection between Signal Mountain Wilderness Area and Centennial Wash. Segment Nine-Nine provides a connection from Centennial Wash to Eagletail Mountains Wilderness Area. Eagletail Mountains Wilderness Area The 100,600-acre Eagletail Mountains Wilderness is about 65 miles west of Phoenix, Arizona, in Maricopa, Yuma, and LaPaz counties. The wilderness includes 15 miles of the Eagletail Mountains ridgeline and Courthouse Rock to the north, Cemetary Ridge to the south, and a large desert plain area between the two ridgelines. Several different rock Figure 126: Centennial Wash strata are visible in most places, with natural arches, high spires, monoliths, jagged sawtooth ridges, and numerous washes six to eight miles long. Recreation such as extended horseback riding and backpacking trips, sightseeing, photography, rock climbing, and day hiking are enhanced by the topographic diversity, scenic character, size, as well as the botanical, wildlife, and cultural values of the area. Access From Phoenix, travel west along Interstate 10 to the Tonopah exit. Travel south from Tonopah to the paved Salome Highway, then west to the Harquahala Valley via the Courthouse Rock Road. Roads near the wilderness include the pipeline maintenance road on the north and East Clanton Well Road on the south. High-clearance or four-wheel-drive vehicles are needed for access to the wilderness boundary. Figure 125: Fourth of July Wash Priority 4

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 107 Figure 127: Centennial Wash Segment One Hundred is Centennial Wash is Centennial at the Arlington from the Gila River Wildlife Area to Centennial Levee. Centennial Wash CentennialWildlife Levee. Area to Centennial tributaries and its rains in response only are ephemeral and to heavy flow in the surrounding mountains. Besides being a scenic wildlife corridor, it would and an east/west Eagletail the Gila River provide connection between WildernessMountains Area. Segment One Hundred Segment 100 page 108 - Maricopa County Plan Regional Trail System

Priority 4 Segment One Hundred One

Segment 101 is the Harquahala Flood Retarding Structure (FRS) and Saddleback FRS. The Harquahala Flood Retarding Structure is located Segment Ninety-Six in western Maricopa County immediately north of the CAP canal and west of Burnt Mountain. It lies north of Interstate 10. It is 12 miles long, and its distance from I-10 varies between two and three miles at various points along the structure. It was built to protect I-10 and agricultural areas to the south from the effects of floodwater runoff from the Big Horn Mountains. The Saddleback Flood Retarding Structure is located in western Maricopa County south of Interstate 10, approximately 14 miles east of the Yuma County border. It is five miles in length. It was built to protect agricultural areas on the Harquahala Plain south of I-10 from the effects of floodwater runoff from the Big Horn Mountains and Saddleback Mountain. These structures are interconnected facilities. This trail segment would be located on existing operation and maintenance roads. Currently, the Interstate 10 underpass for the Harquahala FRS is five feet in height. However, there are several additional freeway underpasses located less than a mile from this structure that could accommodate a pedestrian and equestrian crossing.

Figure 128: Harquahala FRS Priority 4

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 109 Segments One Hundred Two & One Hundred Five

Segment 102 is Old Camp Wash. This is a major wash Segment 105 is Tiger Wash. It starts in far western Maricopa County south of I-10 and corridor running from Centennial Wash to the Hummingbird west of Salome Highway. The identified corridor runs from Centennial Levee past the Springs Wilderness Area. This corridor was identified by Harquahala Mountain Wilderness Area crossing over Eagle Eye Road several times before Tonopah residents as a major wildlife corridor. This running into a power line corridor. This is a mostly undeveloped part of Maricopa County segment provides crossings under Interstate 10 and over that offers beautiful scenery and solitude for the recreational user. the CAP. Segment 105 Segment 102 Priority 4

Figure 130: Tiger Wash Figure 129: Old Camp Wash

page 110 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan has since been stabilized. has sincebeenstabilized. in 1925and1975 was listedontheNational RegisterofHistoric Placesand wasIt abandoned solaractivity. record tomeasureand Smithsonian in1920 observatory The wasbuiltby the PeakObservatory. with Harquahala the stone housesfromearlier grand miners. finaleisrealized atthesummitThe shafts,and miningdebris, drive displays old buff,the portions. Forthehistory trailDesert hasseveral andsteep Act of1990.The difficult Wilderness Arizona mountain throughtheHarquahala Areadesignated inThe Wilderness down leadsfrom the summit the hikers, apacktrail degree vistas.For 360 breathtaking with Arizona southwest pointin thehighest the summitis enthusiast, Forthescenic spotted. sheep may alsobe encountered, bighorn elevation. Inadditiontothetypical desertreptilesandcritterswhich canbe with changesin seen variations canbe ecosystem May distinct through and SonoranDesertscenerywith floraMarchlover blooming ithasbeautiful road itselfisrugged andchallengingfor OHVenthusiasts. For thenature everyone! The for offerssomething SummitRoad Harquahala Mountain The visitors.wilderness by many experience treasured Brown's Canyon interiordrainagesystem furnishthesolitude andsecluded sheltered area's andthe here.Ruggedtopography recreation opportunities will many find andphotographers wildlifeobservers, Hikers, backpackers, populations. also supportshabitatfordesertbighornsheep,tortoise,and mule deer area The populations. rarecactus grasslands, and interior chaparral,desert "island"of ecosystems includingarelict provide exceptional diversity, natural distinctive The canyonsystem. interior ascreened Harquahalas contain ranges, the Desertmountain many Sonoran ranges. Differentfrom mountain desertanddistant panoramaofsurrounding provides abreathtaking Peak, thehighestpointinsouthwest Arizona, 5,691-foot-high Harquahala ranges.The mountain of westerndesert largest Arizona's contains partofone wilderness Arizona.This Phoenix, northwest of miles Paz counties,80 liesinMaricopaandLa Wilderness 22,880-acre HarquahalaMountain The Harquahala Mountain WildernessArea restrooms, picnictables,andinterpretivesignage. including accommodations trailhead thereare roadwhere along adirt MountainsArea Wilderness totheHarquahala connection Segment 106isa Segment OneHundred Six Segment OneHundredSix Figure 131: Harquahala Mountain Wilderness Area Figure 131:HarquahalaMountain Wilderness Photo: Tony Renaud, MCDOT GIS Group Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page111 Plan

Priority 4 Segment One Hundred Seven

Segment 107 is a power line running from the proposed Flood Control District channels all the way to La Paz County. This power line corridor serves as an important connection through the western part of Maricopa County. The power line intersects with several other trail corridors providing linkages to two BLM Wilderness Areas, Wickenburg, Tonopah, and White Tank Mountain Regional Park as well as the CAP. It traverses nearly 60 miles of pristine desert and includes lush oases provided by several large water tanks. Evidence of ranching is also present with cattle loading stations located throughout the corridor. Segment One Hundred Priority 4

Figure 132: Power line Corridor

page 112 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Access may alsobeencountered. foxes, andGilamonsters kit goldeneagles, desert tortoise.Cooper'shawks, prairiefalcons, sheep,muledeerand fordesertbighorn wildernessof theishabitat Most mesquiteabound. paloverdes, and Saguaro, chollas,ocotillos, of allagesandabilities. of recreationopportunitiesforvisitors wilderness offerawealth this natural beautyof vegetation, andthe complexitybajadas. The anddiversityoflandforms,desert landmark encircledby and many lowerpeaks,hills,washes, a Mountain, isdominatedbySugarloaf area wilderness. The this Mountains cross theeasternBigHorn Over milesof eight by ajeeptrail. only liestothesouthwest,Horn Mountains separated Wilderness Big The ofthearea. Highway 10south noticeable alongInterstate exceptionalplains givingscenicvalue,wilderness the especially Desert theTonopah risesteeplyMountain from foot-high Sugarloaf colorfulescarpmentsofthe3,418- Maricopawestern County. The 31,200-acrewildernessThis lies55miles west ofPhoenix in Hummingbird SpringsWildernessArea Hartman portions ofPowerline andSols Wash, Wash, Wash. using Hassayampa River tothe Wickenburg 108 connectsthrough then crossesover apower linecorridor.Atthis point,Segment washes, Woodchopper Coyote and of portions the northfollowing Segment 108 Segment OneHundred Eight drive vehicles are recommended. vary,nearby. Roadconditions andhigh clearanceandfour-wheel- roads otherunnamed and roads fromthese boundary wilderness Aguila provides fromthenorth.Dirtroads the extend access to Eagle orSalomeRoadexits. of EyeTonopah The Roadsouth by exitingIt canbeaccessedfromthesouth Interstate10 atthe wildernessThis area isatwo-hour drive frommetropolitanPhoenix. runs from HummingbirdSprings Area on Wilderness Figure 133:HummingbirdSprings WildernessArea Segment OneHundredEight Maricopa County Regional Trail System -page113 Maricopa County RegionalTrail Plan Photo: Tony Renaud, MCDOT GIS Group

Priority 4 Segment One Hundred Nine

Segment 109 is a connection through a proposed Maricopa County Regional Park. This would provide linkage to the existing Vulture Peak Trail administered by the BLM. Vulture Peak Trail, seven miles south of Wickenburg, Arizona, is a short but steep trail that takes hikers from the base of Vulture Peak (2,480 feet) to a saddle (3,420 feet) just below the summit in only two miles. From this point, experienced hikers can scramble up an extremely steep and narrow chute to the summit of Vulture Peak itself (3,660 feet). The final ascent is not maintained and should be attempted only by experienced and well-conditioned hikers. Vulture Peak Trail meanders through classic Sonoran Desert landscapes, including dense stands of saguaro, ocotillo, cholla, and other cactus varieties; crosses wide desert washes; and offers dramatic scenic vistas of rugged desert mountain ranges and valleys in all directions. Vulture Peak Trail is accessed by two trailheads. The primary trailhead is suitable for passenger cars and may be reached by the paved Vulture Mine Road from Wickenburg. An upper trailhead, suitable only for 4-wheel-drive vehicles, Segment One Hundred Nine is near the base of Vulture Peak and may be reached by following the posted primitive dirt road from the primary trailhead. The primary trailhead offers parking for 15 vehicles. The 4- wheel-drive trailhead offers parking for four vehicles. No other facilities, including water or trash collection, are provided. Priority 4

Figure 134: Vulture Peak

page 114 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Recreation Department staff. Recreation Department Parks and Maricopa County by the would bedetermined alignment exact supervisor. However, any park withthe routes havebeendiscussed possible side.Several eastern to thedeveloped park portion ofthe Regional Park.This segmentwould theundeveloped western connect Tank through Mountain Segment 112isaneast/westWhite connection trails. River usingexistingjeep parkfromtheHassayampa corridor would tothe Park. This connect Segment 111 corridortothenorth. relevancetheproposed based onnecessity and to evaluated thiscorridorshouldbe Recreation Committee.Therefore Outdoorby the Byway countyWickenburg inYavapai identified Canyon CityBackcountry as theBlack path followseast/west asimilar Segment 110 Segments 110, 111, &112 is a western entrance into White Tank Mountain Regional Regional Mountain Tank White western entranceinto is a connects Wickenburg to connects This Trilby segment Wickenburg Wash. Figure 136:WhiteTankwestern connection Segment 111 Figure 135:WickenburgConnection Segment 110 Segment 112 Regional ParkTrails Figure 137:WhiteTankMountain Maricopa County RegionalTrailSystem -page115 Plan

Priority 4 Figure 141: Buckeye/Sun Valley ADMP Segment One Hundred Thirteen Figure 138: FCD Regional Conveyance Channel Figure 140: Drainage Channels is Northern Avenue. This corridor included was as a is a Flood Control District Regional Conveyance Channel. Channel. Control District Regional Conveyance Flood is a Segment One Hundred Fourteen Figure 139: Northern Avenue This conceptual is a very segment at this be time. It part of the would proposed Buckeye-Sun Valley Area Drainage Plan (ADMP). The Master FCD typically identifies regional drainage fallibilities in 2-3 mile grids/ channels consist of regional conveyance patterns. The facilities connecting regional retention basins to an outfall. In this case it would us a north/southgive connection to the Gila River. An example of comparable facilities can be seen in the Loop 303 Corridor/White Tanks ADMP. Segment 114 Segments One Hundred Thirteen & Fourteen Segments Segment 113 potential future route based on plans to Northern Avenue widen into a Departmentsuper street. Maricopa County of Transportation will determine the feasibility of trail placement as part of this project. page 116 - Maricopa County Plan Regional Trail System

Priority 4 Project Corridors

Figure 142: Project Corridors Map

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 117 Segment Table

Segment Name Length (miles) From To Priority

1 Sun Circle Trail 19.0 Gila River Arizona Canal 1 2 Sun Circle Trail 39.0 Adobe Dam Granite Reef Dam 1 3 Sun Circle Trail 4.7 Granite Reef Dam RWCD Canal 1 4 Sun Circle Trail 5.0 RWCD Canal Consolidated Canal 1 5 Sun Circle Trail 6.9 South Canal Western Canal 1 6 Sun Circle Trail 12.0 Consolidated Cabnal Ken McDonald Gold Course 1 7 Sun Circle Trail 13.0 East end of South Mountain Park West end of South Mountain Park 1 8 Sun Circle Trail 7.8 West end of South Mountain Park Gila River 1 9 Sun Circle Trail 7.6 83rd Ave. south of Southern Ave. Confluence of Gila and Agua Fria Rivers 1 10 Maricopa Trail 0.8 Eastern boundary of White Tank Mountain Regional Park McMicken Dam 1 11 Maricopa Trail 16.0 South end of McMicken Dam Agua Fria River 1 12 Maricopa Trail 9.4 McMicken Dam Outlet Channel Lake Pleasant Regional Park 1 13 Maricopa Trail 0.6 Agua Fria River Eastern Park Boundary 1 14 Maricopa Trail 8.6 Lake Pleasant Regional Park I-17 at Deadman Wash 1 15 Maricopa Trail 4.3 I-17 at Deadman Wash Rodger Creek 1 16 Maricopa Trail 5.8 Rodger Creek Segment 18 1 17 Maricopa Trail 1.5 Overton Trail in Cave Creek Regional Park Go John Trail/Northern Park Boundary 1 18 Maricopa Trail 3.5 Northen Boundary of Cave Creek Regional Park South entrance of Spur Cross Ranch Conservation Area 1 19 Maricopa Trail 3.1 Elephant Mountain Trail Spur Cross Trail/Northern Park Boundary 1 20 Maricopa Trail 11.0 Tonto National Forest City of Scottsdale 1 21 Maricopa Trail 2.5 City of Scottsdale Tonto National Forest 1 22 Maricopa Trail 9.0 Seven Springs Road Stagecoach Pass 1 23 Maricopa Trail 9.7 Stagecoach Pass McDowell Mountain Regional Park 1 24 Maricopa Trail 9.0 Western Boundary of McDowell Mountain Regional Park West World 1 25 Maricopa Trail/CAP 6.0 West World SRP-MIC 1 26 Maricopa Trail/CAP 9.3 Northern Boundary of SRP-MIC Granite Reef Dam 1 27 Maricopa Trail 9.1 City of Mesa Boundary Northern Boundary of Usery Mountain Regional Park 1 28 Maricopa Trail 18.0 South Canal Queen Creek Wash 1 29 Maricopa Trail 6.1 East Maricopa Floodway Hawes Road 1 30 Maricopa Trail 2.2 Queen Creek Wash and Sanokai Wash San Tan Mountain Regional Park 1

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Segment Name Length (miles) From To Priority

31 Maricopa Trail 5.7 RWCD Main Canal Consolidated Canal 1 32 Maricopa Trail 8.5 RWCD Irrigation Lateral Western Canal 1 33 Maricopa Trail 17.0 Confluence of Salt and Agua Fria Rivers Robbins Butte Wildlife Area 1 34 Maricopa Trail 1.6 Gila River Buckeye Hills Regional Park 1 35 Maricopa Trail 17.0 Gila River Waterfall Wash 1 36 Agua Fria River 19.0 New River McMicken Dam 2 37 McMicken Outlet Wash 3.2 McMicken Dam Agua Fria River 2 38 CAP 5.0 Reversible Canal 67th Avenue 2 39 CAP 7.7 67th Avenue Unincorporated County land at approximately 19th 2 Avenue 40 CAP 1.1 Approximately 19th Avenue 7th Avenue Alignment 2 41 CAP 10.0 7th Avenue Alignment Scottsdale Road 2 42 CAP 3.3 Scottsdale Road West World 2 43 Cave Creek Wash 9.9 Cave Creek Regional Park CAP 2 44 Cave Creek Regional Park Trails 2.1 Western Park Boundary Southeastern Park Boundary 2 45 State Trust Land 4.5 Segment 16 Cave Creek Regional Park Boundary 2 46 Usery Mountain Regional Park Trails 4.1 Tonto National Forest Southern Park Boundary 2 47 FCD Structures 3.2 Usery Mountain Regional Park CAP 2 48 Granite Reef Dam 0.8 SRP-MIC Power Road 1 49 CAP 5.8 Tonto National Forest Boundary University and Ellsworth in Mesa 2 50 CAP 2.4 University and Ellsworh in Mesa Broadway Rd. in Mesa 2 51 CAP 1.5 Broadway Road Southern Avenue 2 52 CAP 0.6 Southern Avenue U.S. 60 2 53 CAP 11.0 U.S. 60 Queen Creek in Pinal County 2 54 Queen Creek 4.6 CAP in Pinal County Maricopa County Border 2 55 Queen Creek 5.4 Maricopa County Border Hawes Road 2 56 Salt River 34.0 Granite Reef Dam Junction of Sun Circle at 83rd Ave. and Southern Ave. 2 57 Gila River 3.9 State Route 85 Hassayampa River 2 58 Hassayampa River 10.0 Gila River Buckeye Flood Retarding Structures 2 59 Buckeye Flood Retarding Structures 18.0 Proposed FCD Channels Hassayampa River 2 60 New River 26.0 Arizona Canal Daisy Mountain API 3

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 119 Segment Table Continued

Segment Name Length (miles) From To Priority

61 Daisy Mountain North 1.0 New River at I-17 Daisy Mountain API 3

62 Daisy Mountain API 3.6 Northern Boundary Southeastern Boundary 3 63 Deadman Wash 3.1 Southeastern Boundary Desrt Hills Drive 3 64 McDowell Mountain Regional Park Trails 6.6 136th Street Rio Verde Boundary 3 65 Rio Verde 0.8 McDowell Mountain Regional Park Tonto National Forest 3 66 Tonto National Forest Trails 20.0 Rio Verde Boundary Arizona Trail 3 67 Power line Trail 5.2 RWCD Canal Consolidated Canal 3 68 Grand Canal 23.0 Papago Park New River 3 69 Roosevelt Irrigation District Canal 44.0 27th Avenue and Lower Buckeye Road Hassayampa River 3 70 Bullard Wash 6.2 Gila River Agua Fria River 3 71 Hassayampa River 13.0 Buckeye FRS CAP 3 72 CAP across unincorporated County land 1.1 Buckeye west of the Hassayampa River Buckeye east of the Hassayampa River 3 73 CAP across Buckeye 7.3 Hassayampa River Surprise 3 74 Hassayampa River 25.0 CAP Wickenburg 3 75 CAP across Surprise 5.0 Western boundary of Surprise Crozier Road and Jomax Road Alignments 3 76 Trilby Wash 23.0 McMicken Dam Morgan City Wash 3 77 Morgan City Wash 20.0 Castle Hot Springs Road Lake Pleasant Regional Park 3 78 Morgan City Wash 4.2 Western Boundary of Lake Pleasant Regional Park SR-74 3 79 CAP across unincorporated County land 9.2 Surprise Boundary Peoria Boundary at Reems Road 3 80 CAP across Peoria 7.4 Reems Road Agua Fria River 3 81 Black Canyon Trail 54.0 Near the Ben Avery Shooting Range Yavapai County 4 82 Arizona Trail 101.0 Pinal County line Yavapai County line 4 83 Powerline Floodway in Maricopa County 6.0 Maricopa County line RWCD Canal 4 84 Powerline Floodway in Pinal County 3.0 CAP Maricopa County line 4 85 Power line 26.0 Gila River near Estrella Mountain Regional Park Gila River at Arlington Wildlife Area 4 86 Waterman Wash 26.0 Gila River Anza Trail 4 87 Sierra Estrella Main Entrance 10.0 Waterman Wash Sierra Estrella Wilderness Area 4 88 Alternate Estrella Entrance 5.5 Waterman Wash Sierra Estrella Wilderness Area 4 89 Unnamed Wash Corridor 11.0 Anza Trail Vekol Wash 4 90 Vekol Wash 8.7 Pinal County line Interstate 8 4

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Segment Name Length (miles) From To Priority

91 Gas Pipeline 3.5 Waterman Wash Sonoran Desert National Monument 4 92 North Maricopa Mountain Wilderness Area 1.0 SR-85 Power line Corridor via primitive dirt road 4 93 Power line Corridor 24.0 Gila River Anza Trail 4 94 Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail 68.0 Pinal County line Yuma County line 4 95 Sauceda Wash 7.7 SR-85 Gila River 4 96 Tucson, Cornelia, and Gila Bend Railroad 31.0 Northern Boundary of Gunnery Range Pima County line 4 97 Gila River 58.0 Hassayampa River Anza Trail, Southwest of Woolsey Peak Wilderness 4 98 Fourth of July Wash 21.0 Gila River Centennial Wash 4 99 Eagletail Entrance 15.0 Centennial Wash Eagletail Mountains Wilderness Area 4 100 Centennial Wash 39.0 Gila River at Arlington Wildlife Area Centennial Levee 4 101 Harquahala FRS 17.0 Centennial Wash CAP 4 102 Old Camp Wash 27.0 Centennial Wash Hummingbird Springs Wilderness Area 4 103 CAP across unincorporated County land 35.0 Western Boundary of Buckeye La Paz County line 4 104 CAP across Buckeye 3.8 Gila River Centennial Wash 3 105 Tiger Wash 28.0 Centennial Levee Power line Corridor 4 106 Harquahala Entrance 4.6 Tiger Wash Harquahala Mountains Wilderness Area 4 107 Power line Corridor 59.0 FCD Structures La Paz County line 4 108 Three Washes 36.0 Hummingbird Spring Wilderness Area Hassayampa River 4 109 Vulture Peak 15.0 Sols Wash Hassayampa River 4 110 Wickenburg East 11.0 Hassayampa River in Wickenburg Trilby Wash 4 111 White Tank West 6.2 Hassayampa River White Tank Mountain Regional Park 4 112 East/West through White Tank 7.5 Western Park Boundary Eastern Park Boundary 4 113 FCD Regional Conveyance Channel 6.9 Buckeye FRS Gila River 4 114 Northern Avenue 9.0 FCD Channels Agua Fria River 4

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 121 Public Involvement

Trail Commission The public participation for the Maricopa County Regional Trail In February 2000, the Maricopa County Trail Commission System took a number of forms. Open (MCTC) was established by the Maricopa County Board of house meetings were held. A web Supervisors (BOS) to facilitate the development of the page was created. Articles appeared regional trail system. It was charged with serving in an in local newspapers. Announcements advisory role, reviewing plans for the trail network, hearing were made on television and comments from the public, and advising the BOS on trail presentations were given to service issues. The MCTC met quarterly throughout the planning clubs and other organizations. process. The MCTC was made up of two members of the Board of Public Meetings Supervisors, two members of the Maricopa County Parks and The trail plan was developed Recreation, five citizen members (one member appointed by in phases over a period of each Supervisor), stakeholders, and ex-officio members three years. During each representing County departments. phase, the public was encouraged to participate The number of stakeholder members varied but through through a series of open much of the process included the Bureau of Reclamation, house meetings. The objective Bureau of Land Management, Arizona Public Service, and of the first set of meetings in Salt River Project. Ex-officio members included the Chief each phase was to inform the Community Services Officer, Public Works Director, Chief public and stakeholders about Regional Development Services Officer, and Flood Control the regional trail plan and District Director. gather input on potential trail routes in the current study area. The objective of the second set of meetings was to solicit input on specific trail alignments within the study area. Project team members were seeking input on trail routing, placement, and physical design. Recommendations presented during the second series were based, in part, on The 20 public meetings took place as follows: input received during the first series of public meetings. During January 29, 2002 City of Peoria Council Chambers Phase One, suggestions for the permanent trail name were 8401 W. Monroe, Peoria solicited, as well as comments on the goals and policies. January 31, 2002 Ben Avery Shooting Facility-Activity Center 1/4 mile west of I-17 on Carefree Hwy. The meetings provided stakeholders and residents in the project area an opportunity to meet the project staff, March 14, 2002 Ben Avery Shooting Facility-Activity Center 1/4 mile west of I-17 on Carefree Hwy. comment on relevant issues, and express any concerns March 19, 2002 Sunrise Mountain High School they might have about any aspect of the project. Maps 21200 N. 83rd Avenue, Peoria and exhibits describing the project were on display and May 6, 2003 Red Mountain Ranch Elementary School project team members were available to discuss the 6650 E. Raftriver Street, Mesa project and answer questions. Almost all the meetings May 7, 2003 Rawhide Western Town were held between 5 p.m. and 7 p.m. 23023 N. Scottsdale Road, Scottsdale page 122 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Public Involvement Continued

May 15, 2003 Queen Creek Town Hall World Wide Web 22350 S. Ellsworth Road, Queen Creek An effort was made to make as much August 19, 2003 Red Mountain United Methodist Church information available on the internet as 2936 N. Power Road, Mesa possible. Initially, two web sites were used in August 25, 2003 Pinnacle High School Teachers’ Cafeteria this process. The primary site for the Maricopa 3535 E. Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix County Regional Trail Program was http:// September 8, 2003 Queen Creek Town Hall www.maricopa.gov/trail/. Additional 22350 S. Ellsworth Road, Queen Creek information was placed on the MCDOT Bicycle January 5, 2004 Gila Bend School District Cafeteria 308 N. Martin Ave., Gila Bend Program site at http:// www.mcdot.maricopa.gov/bicycle/bike.htm. January 7, 2004 Michael Anderson Elementary School Gym 45 S. 3rd Ave., Avondale 5:00-7:00 p.m. The web sites featured background information on the Maricopa County Trail January 13, 2004 Wickenburg High School Cafeteria 1090 S. Vulture Mine Rd., Wickenburg Commission, the “Name the Trail Survey,” January 15, 2004 Corona Ranch frequently asked questions, and presentations 7611 S. 29th Ave., Laveen on the pilot study. After Phase One was January 27, 2004 Ruth Fisher Elementary School Cafeteria completed, everything was placed on the 38201 W. Indian School Rd., Tonopah primary site under Parks and Recreation. The March 9, 2004 Gila Bend School District Cafeteria entire documents for Phases One and Two are 308 N. Martin Ave., Gila Bend currently available and this document will be March 11, 2004 Michael Anderson Elementary School Gym soon after approval. Samples of the material 45 S. 3rd Ave., Avondale are included on the following pages. March 24, 2004 Wickenburg High School Cafeteria From the World Wide Web: 1090 S. Vulture Mine Rd., Wickenburg Trail Guide - Frequently Asked March 16, 2004 Corona Ranch 7611 S. 29th Ave., Laveen Questions March 29, 2004 Ruth Fisher Elementary School Cafeteria Why is the County taking the lead in trails? 38201 W. Indian School Rd., Tonopah Maricopa County is taking the lead in trails for a number of reasons. The County has the responsibility of regional planning. The trail program complies with the Growing Smarter Open Space Policies adopted in 1998, and is a part of the County's Comprehensive Plan. As Maricopa County continues to grow at an amazing rate, it becomes increasingly important to preserve a portion of our natural desert jurisdictions, communities, and properties, so partnerships and as open space. As good stewards, we have an obligation to leave a legacy for agreements are key to creating the Regional Trail System. The Maricopa future generations. Simply stated, it is a quality of life issue. County Trail Commission serves as the facilitator to bring all the different links together. How will the Trail be created? What are some examples of areas, parks or Linking open space projects and trail systems into one big loop around trails that can be linked? the County will create the Regional Trail System. Portions of the trail already exist, others are in the planning stages, and some areas will The Trail Commission will seek to create linkages need to be created from scratch. The trail will cross through many between our County Park System and a number of individual projects through the Valley.

Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 123 Public Involvement Continued

Working together, we will be able to make recreational destinations will minimize the adverse affects of the environmental impacts and What is the timeframe for completion of the Regional Trail more visible and accessible for the entire County, benefiting from all of preserve open space in our community. System? the facilities. Potential trail links are: Why is it so important to adopt a Regional Trail Program now? Maricopa County Park System The long-term project will take several years to implement. The hope Growth projections indicate that in 2050 Maricopa County will be home to is that some day this 200+ mile trail will become a source of regional County Hiking and Riding Trails, adopted June 29, 1964 over six million people. Development is quickly reaching into all corners of pride in our community. Its adoption into the County's Comprehensive Desert Spaces, adopted by Maricopa Association of Governments the County. We need to define plans to preserve precious open space Plan will insure that our pristine desert is preserved for generations to (MAG), October 25, 1995 now, or it will be too late. Maricopa County has incorporated the Regional come and that open space and trails will forever be a valuable part of West Valley Recreation Corridor Trail System into its Comprehensive Plan, ensuring implementation of the our community. Superstition San Tan Corridor trail as the Valley continues to expand and develop. Maricopa County Flood Control Planned Projects: The Rio Where is the funding for the Trail Program coming from? Salado, Tres Rios, and El Rio Given the scope and the size of the project, the County knows it cannot What is the Maricopa County Trail Commission? embark on this project alone. The County has invited representatives The Maricopa County Trail Commission is comprised of: from the Bureau of Reclamation, Salt River Project, and Arizona Public 2 members of the Board of Supervisors, Service to sit on the Trail Commission. Working together with other Chair and Vice-Chair of the Maricopa County Parks Commission, municipalities and community leaders around the County, we will seek funding for this project. One source of funding will be grants that are 5 Board-appointed citizen members, available at the state and federal level as well as from private resources. Representatives from Salt River Project, Arizona Public Service, and the Bureau of Reclamation. How will the Trail Commission identify land to be linked together? The Trail Commission serves in an advisory role to the Board and will Maricopa County Parks & Recreation, Planning & Development, Flood work to implement plans for Maricopa County's Regional Trail System. Control District, and Department of Transportation have already identified some areas that are potential trails sites. They have established an The intent of the Trail Commission is to identify a Regional Trail System inventory of regional open space, park areas, recreational, utility, and trail that connects the County Park System, municipal facilities and corridors. In addition, partnerships with other government agencies and recreational resources. Municipalities and members of the private municipalities will be required. sector will then be able to establish links to the regional system. This Who will be able to use the Trails? project will capitalize on existing right-of-ways such as canals, parks, utility corridors, and flood control properties. The partnerships are The trails will be available for everyone's use and enjoyment. The Trail crucial to the success of this project since it has limited potential to Commission seeks to create a Regional Trail System where people can generate revenue. walk, run, hike and ride horses. The Trail Commission holds regular meetings to create an effective trail Will there be uniform landscaping, paving, and facilities along the plan, identifying a system of trails that connect the County Park System, trail? local community parks, private land, and recreational areas. The The Regional Trail System will link many trails and open spaces together; Commission will make recommendations to the Board of Supervisors. some are already in existence. Portions of the trail will be paved, Then, negotiations and agreements between the landowners and the unpaved, or landscaped depending on the community in which that County can be developed to create the Regional Trail System. portion of the trail resides. Opportunities for providing input into the Why link the Trails? design of specific areas will be made available through a variety of methods encouraging public suggestions. Compact Disc Linking the trails creates a network of open spaces. Maricopa County recognizes that our community How will this program affect new development? The Phase One Plan CD, a digital version of the first needs to rely more on alternate transportation Maricopa County has done an inventory of the open space in the Valley; document, was made available to the public free of charge. methods in the years to come, and encourages our recreational resources and the access citizens have to them. The After the completion of Phase Two, a new CD with both orderly development and multi-modal Regional Trail System will enhance the quality of life for Valley residents, documents was created. A third CD with the entire plan will transportation corridors. The Regional Trail System making it an even more attractive place to live. It will establish a be produced shortly after the final document is adopted. will allow people to utilize bike paths or Park & precedent for planning open space and future development. The goal of Ride facilities to get where they need to go. This the Regional Trail System is to capitalize on our available resources and preserve them before it is too late. page 124 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Public Involvement Continued

Name the Trail The Maricopa County Trail Commission sought input from the MARICOPA SONORAN public for an appropriate name for the primary loop connecting the regional parks together. As of May 20, 261 votes for one of DESERT TRAIL SYSTEM the four proposed names and 151 additional trail name suggestions had been received. The survey closed May 31, 2002. The Trail Commission settled on the name Maricopa Trail Martin Luther King Freedom Trail Pioneer Trail Barry Goldwater Memorial Trail Mountain Vistas Trail Maricopa County Regional Trail Desert Circle Trail Cactus Trail Hohokam Trail Roadrunner Trail Maricopa Trail César E. Chavez Trail Sonoran Desert Trails Circle the County Trail SUN COUNTRY TRAIL SYSTEM Maricopa Interconnected Trail System Lariat Loop Trail Desert Dream Trail Valley of the Sun Trail Kino Trail Corporal John Henry Pruitt Memorial Trail Desert Mountain Trail MARICOPA COUNTY TRAILWAY The Desert Lariat DESTINATION TRAIL BOLA TRAIL Maricopa County Regional Trail Desert View Trail Saguaro Trail Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 125 Public Involvement Continued

Field Trips Field trips to and tours of potential trail corridors Creating The Maricopa Trail played an important function in the planning of An Exercise in Regional Planning the regional system. This is because some decisions could only be made after the spatial context of an issue had been experienced and appreciated. During Phase Two the Trail People on horses Commission and its supporting staff arranged a number of visits to areas of particular interest to the regional trail. These trips brought together members of the commission, planners, community officials and concerned citizens. Bringing interested parties together in such a fashion provided an invaluable opportunity to clarify issues and share ideas in actual trail settings. People on blades

Supervisor Max Wilson at McMicken Dam Presentations Numerous presentations were given by staff to civic groups, clubs, agencies, and professional organizations. A reasonable effort was made to accommodate all requests for speakers during the planning process. A sampling of the computer People in shoes slides are shown on this page.

People in People on bikes chairs

Our children Our grandchildren

Our great grandchildren page 126 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Public Involvement Continued

Input is sough on trail-blazing plans Newspapers Regional trail system to link with Reach 11 By Tom Barry, Independent Newspapers A number of articles about the regional trail plan were printed Northeast Phoenix residents have long enjoyed easy access to a system of multi-use in area newspapers while the study was being completed. nature trails in a Reach 11 Recreation Area for hiking, cycling and horseback riding. They helped to generate interest in the trail concept and kept Eventually, the 18 miles of trails in Reach 11 will be linked to an uninterrupted the public informed about the plan’s progress. Every effort was system of trails that will extend nearly 335 miles across Maricopa County, a major made by project staff to meet with reporters in person or by portion of which will follow the Central Arizona Project canal. telephone to facilitate the interviews. Local newspapers were also used to advertise the public meetings.

County trail system gets boost By Christina Leonard The Arizona Republic Sept. 05, 2002 12:00:00 Maricopa County leaders took a big step Wednesday Planners envision trail on 336-mile CAP toward creating an ambitious regional trail system they Canal hope will link recreational areas throughout the Valley. The Board of Supervisors unanimously approved plans for Associated Press the first phase of the Regional Trail System and allocated May 19, 2002 $250,000 each year for two more years to continue efforts. Imagine a tangle of trails cutting across Arizona's deserts, mountains and The first phase will involve 221 miles of trails linking the cities and linked by a single, 336-mile artery leading from the California White Tank Mountains to Lake Pleasant to Spur Cross state line to Tucson. Ranch and the Cave Creek Recreation Area. This central trail would follow the path of the Central Arizona Project "It's a big thing because once we adopt it, we can canal, which funnels Colorado River water across five counties and into incorporate it into our planning documents," Supervisor the farms and homes around Phoenix and Tucson. Andy Kunasek said. Branching off the CAP trail, smaller trails would extend like spider webs "The whole idea is to get out ahead of development." Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 127 Public Involvement Continued

Television trails are planned that could impact their property. encouraged. If possible – no paving or limited paving should be considered. I would also encourage you to refer to previous plans that The Coalition of Arizona Bicyclists supports this plan. All trails, paths, KPHO TV, a CBS affiliate in Phoenix, ran several clips about the have been drawn and proposed for horse trails in this area. etc. need to follow AASHTO guidelines. Trails will need to be marked, trail program during their morning and evening news. A link from etc. Mileage signs, rest stops, etc. It would be great if the trail could cross county boundary and follow the their web page to the trail program was provided. Agua Fria and other great trails. Visuals and maps were excellent. We will be looking at the web site. Public Comments Good presentation. Seems like an extremely complex task of The AZ Inline Skating Association can provide input as to how the trail coordinating developers, cities, residents, and local interest groups may be friendly to skaters. Simple things like making seams go across Public comments have been together. I think this project might not seem popular now for some, but the path rather than along the path are simple, inexpensive measures received throughout the the long range perspective of this project will prove great in 25 plus that may be taken to provide a path that is as conducive to skaters as it years. process. Residents of is to cyclists. Maricopa County were This trail system will be a great asset as long as the trails go through (are Trails need clear signage – distance, direction, next crossroad, etc. Must encouraged to participate in unbroken) and connect to other trails. be bike friendly! Keep up the good work! the public meetings, log on to We hope that our public officials are here for us to protect our land rights It would be nice to have the regional study area maps on the Internet so the web, listen to and not those of a small, self-select group. we can discuss them with people who couldn’t come to the meeting. presentations, call members of Developing a comprehensive and user friendly urban trail system would The County park personnel appear to be reluctant to include trails that the project team on the phone, have secondary effects of improving the health of users by increasing the were developed with county parks help before they arrived in Phoenix. or communicate via email. amount of exercise they endure and the corresponding reduction of air Please hold all developers on either state or private lands to include and pollutants from fewer automobiles on the road. Several residents were provide for trails before issuing building permits. This is the only way to Might be nice to have more of an idea of when (generally) this plan may concerned about liability for ensure the access to the rights of the people who need to use them. Fine be implemented. property owners along the trail heavily and penalize those who do not honor these trails. Understand the for individuals who might difference between user groups to ensure the safety of each. Make sure We only support connectivity when it does not disrupt neighborhoods. wander off the path and onto trails between Spur Cross Ranch and Cave Creek Park are open and The interests of the few people who may want to go 30 – 100 miles on aesthetically pleasing in location – not between a roadway and a 6-foot trails at one time should not outweigh the rights of local neighborhoods. private land. State law block wall. No shooting anywhere near the trail. Don’t minimize access to Trails are fine because people always knew there would be trails, and in addresses this issue with ARS the trails. true nature areas. To try to force it upon small residential areas where it 33-1551. This statute makes it clear that land owners are not While the idea of a regional trail system is not new – existing marked and will cross driveways, pick up trash areas makes no sense. We support liable for an injury to a recreational user unless willful, malicious, approved trails have disappeared because of lack of desire on the part of the Windgate Pass and Vista III. or gross negligent conduct was involved. The entire text of this planning or enforcement on the part of regulation. I am happy to hear Make sure trails and substrate/cross sections are equestrian friendly. statute is included in an Appendix C. that Dave Konopka is working as full-time person on this regional idea. Maybe with his help the trail system can really go forward. I applaud Maricopa County for taking a regional lead in this process. Another question that came up was if the County had the ability Regional planning and regional issues in Phoenix are not addressed to It’s a great plan. My concern is with all the development in the area, is it the degree that they need to be. Transportation issues need to be on the to require developers to provide for a trail. ARS 11-806.01 gives feasible. Will the developers be made to work with the county on these list next. counties the ability to adopt general regulations to provide for trails. The concerns are for trails that are multi-use, they are limited to the proper arrangement of hiking and equestrian trails. The everyone. Are these trail systems obsolete when the land is sold? I’m not Good job. entire text of this statute is included in Appendix D. in agreement with all the paved trails, there is enough pavement in the desert now. It might be nice to have desert trails for the future The following are a sampling of comments generations to see what it was like. from the public meetings: Where are all the original plans for those trails? Why hasn’t a trail head The private property owners along any proposed been made on Carefree Highway as it was planned instead of the ground trail system need to be considered at all early being moved? stages of planning and kept informed. These trails There is definitely a need for these trails we have been using for years to will have a significant impact on privacy. Property be preserved. Multi-use isn’t always conducive to horse use and owners should be notified even when conceptual hopefully it can be done with this in mind. Maximum widths are page 128 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Implementation Plan

Regional Trail System Implementation Plan or otherwise obtain necessary rights-of-way, construct trail Action Plans segments, or participate in intergovernmental agreements The elements of the Implementation Plan are intended to serve Action Plans with 1-3 year increments should be developed (IGAs) with other agencies will need to be prioritized. as a guide for the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors (BOS), using the Prioritization Criteria. These will identify partners, Maricopa County Trail Commission, and County departments to Advocacy at risk property, and develop a schedule for the preservation of rights-of-way by affected jurisdictions. The action plans follow as the vision for the regional trail system becomes a Establish a nonprofit advocacy organization on behalf of the will establish timelines for trail design and construction. The reality. The text and the Trail Implementation Guide on this page Maricopa County Regional Trail System that supports the action plans will include funding strategies. A list of potential identify the actions to be taken and an estimated time line for trail system. This organization could participate in funding mechanisms and grant sources are included in those actions. The chart also indicates what method will be used fundraising activities to enhance the Maricopa County Appendix F. to complete the actions. Completing the plan, for example, is a Regional Trail System and reach out for volunteers to trail planning process. Adopting the plan is a legislative process. users’ groups like bicyclists, equestrians, hikers, and others. They appear here as they appeared in the adopted version of Phase One except for the addition of the Status column on the table. General Trail Implementation Guide Timeline Key: * Immediate Time anticipated Continues into the future General Information Action Description Timeline Method Status Maricopa County Trail Commission Identify the remaining corridors and complete the necessary Complete Trail Plan Identify remaining corridors and carry out planning studies. Planning Complete planning studies. Trail Commission recommends to BOS to adopt corridor planning studies Adopt Segment Legislative Complete Regulatory and preferred segments. Each segment of the trail should be approved and adopted Adopt Ordinances Departments and agencies amend their policies and procedures to Existing Process Ongoing as and Codes incorporate trails. BOS adopts ordinances and codes. Legislative needed by the Maricopa County Trail Commission and the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors. Trail Commission recommends to BOS that Maricopa County Parks and County departments will update any goals, policies, codes, Recreation Department be the agency responsible for the trail program. Designate Authority Legislative and ordinances necessary to protect regional trail corridors This includes the ability to plan, design, build, operate, and maintain the * and facilitate the realization of the regional trail system. trail system.

Framework Planning Provide Resources Trail Commission recommends to BOS staffing and funding needs. Ongoing Establish a framework for design, construction, maintenance, Legislative Adopt Prioritization and management. The Maricopa County Department of Select objective criteria to guide future design and construction. Planning Ongoing Parks and Recreation should be given the authority to Criteria Use prioritization criteria to select specific segments for right-of-way operate the regional trail system as a network of linear parks Prioritize Segments Planning Ongoing in cooperation with any counties, cities, towns, or agencies acquisition, design, and construction. involved. Appropriate funding should be provided to this Trail Commission recommends to BOS that a not-for-profit organization be Establish Nonprofit Management Complete agency to properly staff, operate, and maintain the trail established to support the trail system. system. Develop scopes of work, schedules, and budgets to accomplish Develop Segment Project Prioritization prioritized segments. Allow flexibility for at-risk properties and Ongoing Action Plans Management The Maricopa County Trail Commission should establish a opportunities as they arise. set of Prioritization Criteria to help focus where energy is spent. As corridors are adopted, the decisions to purchase Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 129 Implementation Plan

Steps for Implementation Designate Maricopa County Parks and Recreation Department as the lead agency for the implementation and oversight of the Maricopa County Regional Trail System. Hire Regional Trail Manager (Full-time Regular employee) to implement the Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan. Time frame is immediate pending budget approval. Regional Trail Manager will work with County agencies to implement agency specific policies to protect the Maricopa County Regional Trail System. Regional Trail Manager will complete annual status report for all trail segments, due October 31 each year. Document criteria to prioritize trail segments for acquisition and/or development by January 2005. Regional Trail Manager will work with MCDOT, Parks and Recreation, Planning and Development, FCDMC, and MCSO Trail Division. Develop an annual acquisition plan to acquire right-of- way access for the Maricopa County Regional Trail System. Regional Trail Manager will develop a marketing strategy for the Maricopa County Regional Trail System. Regional Trail Manager will identify financial and in-kind resources for the acquisition and development of the Maricopa County Regional Trail System. Regional Trail Manager will develop and maintain relationships with other jurisdictions for the coordination, implementation, and management of the Maricopa County Regional Trail System. Regional Trail Manager will coordinate with other non-government entities on regional planning issues related to the Maricopa County Regional Trail System. page 130 - Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 131 Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

page 132 - Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 133 Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

page 134 - Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 135 Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

page 136 - Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 137 Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

page 138 - Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 139 Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

page 140 - Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 141 Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

page 142 - Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 143 Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

page 144 - Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 145 Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

page 146 - Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 147 Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

page 148 - Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix A — Analysis and Trail Classification

Appendix A—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 149 Appendix B — Design Guidelines

page 150 - Appendix B—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix B — Design Guidelines

Appendix B—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 151 Appendix B — Design Guidelines

page 152 - Appendix B—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix B — Design Guidelines

Appendix B—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 153 Appendix B — Design Guidelines

page 154 - Appendix B—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix B — Design Guidelines

Appendix B—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 155 Appendix B — Design Guidelines

page 156 - Appendix B—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix B — Design Guidelines

Appendix B—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 157 Appendix B — Design Guidelines

page 158 - Appendix B—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix B — Design Guidelines

Appendix B—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 159 Appendix B — Design Guidelines

page 160 - Appendix B—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix B — Design Guidelines

Appendix B—MaricopaAppendix County B—Maricopa Regional County Trail RegionalSystem Trail Plan System - page - page 161 11 Appendix C — Liability for Attractive Nuisance

Arizona Revised Statutes 4. "Recreational user" means a person to whom permission has 33-1551. Duty of owner, lessee or occupant of premises to been granted or implied without the payment of an admission recreational or educational users; liability; definitions fee or any other consideration to travel across or to enter upon premises to hunt, fish, trap, camp, hike, ride, exercise, swim or A. A public or private owner, easement holder, lessee or engage in similar pursuits. The purchase of a state hunting, occupant of premises is not liable to a recreational or trapping or fishing license is not the payment of an admission educational user except upon a showing that the owner, fee or any other consideration as provided in this section. A easement holder, lessee or occupant was guilty of willful, nominal fee that is charged by a public entity or a nonprofit malicious or grossly negligent conduct which was a direct cause corporation to offset the cost of providing the educational or of the injury to the recreational or educational user. recreational premises and associated services does not B. This section does not limit the liability which otherwise exists constitute an admission fee or any other consideration as for maintaining an attractive nuisance, except with respect to prescribed by this section. dams, channels, canals and lateral ditches used for flood control, agricultural, industrial, metallurgical or municipal purposes. C. As used in this section: 1. "Educational user" means a person to whom permission has been granted or implied without the payment of an admission fee or any other consideration to enter upon premises to participate in an educational program, including but not limited to, the viewing of historical, natural, archaeological or scientific sights. A nominal fee that is charged by a public entity or a nonprofit corporation to offset the cost of providing the educational or recreational premises and associated services does not constitute an admission fee or any other consideration as prescribed by this section. 2. "Grossly negligent" means a knowing or reckless indifference to the health and safety of others. 3. "Premises" means agricultural, range, open space, park, flood control, mining, forest or railroad lands, and any other similar lands, wherever located, which are available to a recreational or educational user, including, but not limited to, paved or unpaved multi-use trails and special purpose roads or trails not open to automotive use by the public and any building, improvement, fixture, water conveyance system, body of water, channel, canal or lateral, road, trail or structure on such lands.

page 162 - Appendix C—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix D — Subdivision Regulation

Arizona Revised Statutes D. The ground of refusal or approval of any plat submitted, performance bonds, assurances or such other security as may including citation of or reference to the rule or regulation violated be appropriate and necessary to assure the installation of 11-806.01. Subdivision regulation; platting regulations; violation; by the plat, shall be stated upon the record of the board. required street, sewer, electric and water utilities, drainage, classification; easement vesting flood control and improvements meeting established minimum E. The commission shall recommend to the board and the board A. The county board of supervisors shall regulate the standards of design and construction.. Before adoption of shall adopt general regulations of uniform application governing subdivision of all lands within its corporate limits, except regulations by the board or any amendment as provided in this plats and subdivisions of land within its area of jurisdiction. The subdivisions which are regulated by municipalities. article, a public hearing shall be held by the commission. A copy regulations adopted shall secure and provide for the proper of the regulations shall be certified by the commission to the B. No plat of a subdivision of land within the area of jurisdiction arrangement of streets or other highways in relation to existing county board of supervisors which shall hold a public hearing of such county shall be accepted for recording or recorded until or planned streets, highways or bicycle facilities or to the official after notice of the time and place has been given by one it has been approved by the board. The approval of the board map for adequate and convenient open spaces for traffic, publication fifteen days prior to the public hearing in a shall be endorsed in writing on the plat and shall also include utilities, drainage, access of fire fighting apparatus, recreation, newspaper of general circulation in the county. specific identification and approval of the assurances except light and air. The board may adopt general regulations to those for hiking and equestrian trails required by this section. If provide for the proper arrangement of hiking and I. Approval of a plat shall not be deemed to constitute or effect a county planning and zoning commission exists, the plat may equestrian trails (emphasis added) in relation to existing or an acceptance by the county for designation of any street, be referred to such commission for its consideration and the planned streets or highways, and if adopted, such hiking and highway, bicycle facility or other way or open space shown upon board may receive the recommendation of the commission. If equestrian trails shall conform to the official map for adequate the plat into the county maintenance system except for hiking the subdivision is comprised of subdivided land, as defined in and convenient open spaces for traffic, utilities, drainage, and equestrian trails which shall be constructed and maintained section 32-2101, and is within a groundwater active access of fire fighting apparatus, recreation, light and air. The by the county. However, at such time as the streets, highways, management area, as defined in section 45-402, the plat shall general regulations may provide for modification by the bicycle facilities or other ways are fully completed in accordance not be approved unless it is accompanied by a certificate of commission in planned area development or specific cases with the approved plat and written specifications made by the assured water supply issued by the director of water resources, where unusual topographical or other exceptional conditions county board, the county shall accept such streets, highways, or unless the subdivider has obtained a written commitment of may require such action. The regulations shall include bicycle facilities and other ways into the county maintenance water service for the subdivision from a city, town or private provisions as to the extent to which streets and other highways system within one year of completion. water company designated as having an assured water supply shall be graded and improved and to which water, sewer or J. For any subdivision that consists of lots, tracts or parcels, by the director of water resources pursuant to section 45-576 or other utility mains, piping or other facilities shall be installed or each of which is of a size as prescribed by the board of is exempt from such requirement pursuant to section 45-576. provided for on the plat as a condition precedent to the approval supervisors, the board may waive the requirement to prepare, The board shall note on the face of the plat that a certificate of of the final plat. submit and receive approval of a preliminary plat as a condition assured water supply has been submitted with the plat or that F. On recording of a plat, the fee of the streets, alleys, avenues, precedent to submitting a final plat and may waive or reduce the subdivider has obtained a commitment of water service for highways, easements, parks and other parcels of ground infrastructure standards or requirements except for improved the proposed subdivision for a city, town or private water reserved to the use of the public vests in trust in the county for dust-controlled access and minimum drainage improvements. company designated as having an assured water supply, the uses and to the extent depicted on the plat including, but not pursuant to section 45-576. limited to, ingress and egress easements depicted on such plat. C. Any person causing a final plat to be recorded without first On annexation by any city or town such fee automatically vests submitting the plat and obtaining approval of the board is guilty in the city or town. of a class 2 misdemeanor. No county recorder shall accept for G. Boards of supervisors of counties shall prepare specifications recording or record any plat which has not been approved as and make orders, inspections, examinations and certificates as provided by this article. may be necessary to protect and complete the provisions and make them effective. The regulations shall require the posting of

Appendix D—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 163 Appendix E — New River Area Plan: Trails

New River Area Plan, page 29 e) Equestrian/Pedestrian Facilities There are many equestrian, off-road and hiking trails located within the New River planning area. The NEVTS (Northeast Valley Transportation Study) addressed including trails in development plans and proposed a trail system in the southern end of the Area Plan (Figure 6—Recreational Trails) [see this page]. The Emory Henderson Trail enters the planning area at its southern boundary two miles west of I-17 and crosses through the Ben Avery Shooting Range. It remains generally parallel to I-17 and extends north entering Yavapai County, northwest of the New River Interchange. Other trails around the Cave Creek Recreation Area are used extensively, yet are unofficial and maintained by residents only.

page 164 - Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix E — Apache Junction Parks and Recreation Master Plan

Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 165 Appendix E — East Maricopa Floodway Multi-Use Corridor Study

page 166 - Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix E — Town of Gilbert General Plan 2003

Chapter 4 — Parks, Open Space, Trails, and Chandler has designated equestrian trails at the Cloud and Recreation Element Brooks Farms Roads alignments. Chandler is also working Parks, Open Space and Trails, Recreation Plan with the Gila River Indian Reservation on the provision of a 20-foot wide trail easement along the south side of Hunt Regional Context Highway to provide connections to the Santan Mountains Park and the Town of Queen Creek. Chandler has three The Town of Gilbert shares several regional trail connections large parks near the Gilbert jurisdictional border: Pima Park, with the surrounding communities of Queen Creek, Mesa Santan Park, and Tumbleweed Park. and Chandler. These trails provide connections to regional destinations, as described in the following paragraphs. The Eastern Canal provides Gilbert with connections to Chandler and Mesa. Within Gilbert, the Eastern Canal pro- The Queen Creek General Plan identifies Queen Creek and vides a link to the Western Canal, Southeast Regional Li- Sanokai Wash as major equestrian, bicycle, and pedestrian brary, Riparian Preserve, Crossroads Park, and the Rodeo trails through the community. These trails connect to the Park equestrian recreational area. Santan Mountains. The Santan Mountains Regional Park south of the Town provides a regional recreation resource SRP maintains several transmission line easements and visual identity to the Town. Additional multiple use throughout the Town. The northern power line is located ½ trails are located along Riggs and Chandler Heights Roads. mile south of Guadalupe Road and extends east-west along Rittenhouse Road is planned as a bike pedestrian trail and the Western Canal alignment. A second transmission line provides connections to Williams Gateway Airpark. easement extends north from the SRP power plant to the Western Canal alignment and north into Mesa. A SRP trans- Maricopa County has designated the Western Canal and mission line easement is located on the north side of Queen portions of the Consolidated Canal as the Sun Circle Trail Creek Road between the Eastern Canal and RWCD Canal, and may look to expand the trail in the future. The Sun Cir- providing east-west connection between the two canals. cle Trail provides connections throughout the Valley as far west as the White Tanks Regional Park, north to the Central Arizona Project and Lake Pleasant, and east to the East Maricopa Floodway. Maricopa County Flood Control District’s East Maricopa Floodway and the RWCD Canal are planned for a regional trail called the Marathon Trail, which connects Gilbert with Mesa to the east and north, and to the Gila River Indian Reservation and the Santan Mountains to the south. The Maricopa County Flood Control District drainage master plans for the East Maricopa and Red Mountain Flood- ways and Queen Creek Wash include recreational resources such as parks and trails.

The City of Chandler is constructing a trail system on the Consolidated Canal, called the Paseo. Within Chandler, the Consolidated Canal provides connections to the Chandler Tumbleweed Regional Park, the Chandler Municipal Airport and the Bear Creek Municipal Golf Course. The Consolidated Canal also provides connections within Mesa to Fitch Park and Harmony Park. Within Gilbert, the Consolidated Canal is part of the Heritage Trail located in the downtown area, and also connects to Freestone Park, the Gilbert Municipal Cen- ter, and the Western Canal.

Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 167 Appendix E — Town of Gilbert General Plan 2003

page 168 - Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix E — City of Mesa Parks and Recreation Plan

Map Title: MULTI-USE PATH CURRENT DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE PRIORITIES (Page O)

The map represents the future multi-use paths that could be developed in Mesa. The priorities are outlined in order as designated in the left corner of the map. The solid lines represent completed multi-use paths. To date, Mesa has approximately 2 miles complete. 23 miles are planned for the future as priorities.

An Urban pathway consists of a separated minimum 10’ paved pathway for shared use by both pedestrians and cyclists. The landscape area adjacent to a canal is optional depending on right-of-way availability.

SUMMARY The city has great potential to extend its urban pathway system through developing the canal system into multi-use paths. This is the most requested desire of the residents. Developing the multi-use paths would allow youth and adults to move through the city in a more free fashion. Multi-use paths have high demographic appeal for people of all ages.

Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 169 Appendix E — City of Phoenix General Plan

page 170 - Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix E — Town of Queen Creek General Plan 2002

Maricopa County Regional Trail

Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 171 Appendix E — Litchfield Park General Plan

page 172 - Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix E — Scottsdale Trails Master Plan

Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 173 Appendix E — City of Tempe General Plan 2020 & 2030

Transportation Element City of Tempe General Plan 2020 & 2030

Introduction

This Transportation Element represents a synthesis and summary of the policy basis of the much more detailed Comprehensive Transportation Plan. The Trans- portation Element has been developed as an outgrowth of the General Plan 2020 and will be incorporated into the General Plan 2030. The Transportation Element includes the sections listed below. A general objective, statement of rationale, and a set of implementation strategies have been developed for each of the following sections:

Pedestrian Network Bikeways Transit Streets and Freeways Relationship to Land Use and Neighborhoods Public Art in Transportation Parking and Access Management

page 174 - Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix E — Town of Fountain Hills General Plan 2002

McDowell Mountain Preservation The Town has recently finalized an agreement with MCO Properties to set aside over 354 acres of land as a natural preservation area. A parking area and trailhead is planned for development that would allow visitors to access the trail system within the preserve potentially connect with the regional trail system developed in the McDowell Mountain Park to the north and west of town. Additionally, the Town is coordinating with the City of Scottsdale to connect the intra-municipal trails between preserve areas.

Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 175 Appendix E — Hiking and Riding Trails, Maricopa County, Arizona

page 176 - Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix E — McDowell Sonoran Preserve Trails Plan

McDowell Sonoran Preserve Trails Plan

Working in cooperation with user groups, the McDowell Sonoran Preserve Commission created a Conceptual Trails Plan for the Preserve (pdf/3233kb/1pg). The over-riding goal was to provide opportunity for appropriate public access, use and enjoyment of the Preserve, while ensuring environmentally sensitive archaeological and other historical sites are safeguarded. Many portions of the Preserve will not have public access for these reasons. Every opportunity was made to utilize existing routes so that no new impact on the environment was necessary. In the existing heavy recreation use area north of Dynamite Boulevard on State Trust land, it is planned to reduce the existing over 100 miles of trails by over two-thirds. This change will occur over time as the City takes ownership of the land. It will take many years for the full trail system to be put in place.

Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 177 Appendix E — Town of Cave Creek General Plan

page 178 - Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix E — Town of Carefree General Plan 2020

CIRCULATION ELEMENT Traffic circulation and trails plan

Pedestrian / Equestrian Trails, page 29

In recent years, the Town of Carefree working with the Desert Foothills Land Trust and other concerned citizens has taken an interest and a more pro-active role in preserving public access trails for pedestrian and/or equestrian use. Current public trails are those segments of Galloway and Grapevine washes that are under the stewardship of the Desert Foothills Land Trust and the 80th Street alignment trail from Rising Sun Road to Grapevine Wash.

Trail System, page 33 The proposed trail system includes a long-range plan for the development of trails throughout the Town. The design for each trail segment will take place as public access is approved. Bikeways will be considered along major roadways including the portions of Cave Creek Road that are in Carefree, Carefree Highway between Cave Creek Road and Tom Darlington, along Tom Darlington, and along Mule Train and Carefree Drive. Bikeways should be developed after documentation of need and further analysis of design alternatives.

OPEN SPACE ELEMENT

Regional Open Space Opportunities, page 37-38

The Maricopa Association of Governments adopted the Desert spaces plan in 1995 which identifies and recommends conservation and management strategies for natural resources and open spaces critical to the quality of life in the Valley. The concept is to preserve and enhance the mountains and foothills, rivers and washes, canals and cultural sites, upland desert vegetation, wildlife habitat, and existing parks and preserves. The plan establishes a network of protected open spaces that correspond to regionally significant mountains, rivers, washes and upland desert. The plan documents some important open space resources within Carefree and the Surrounding area: A potential regional trail along Rowe Wash could connect to a Cave Creek trail providing a link between the mountains north of the Town to the Cave Creek Recreation Area and Spur Cross Ranch.

Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 179 Appendix E — Tonto National Forest Trails

Recreation Agenda for National Forests

We need to plan together to support community objectives for building recreational programs, facilities, and services that contribute to local and regional economies and quality of life.

National forests located 1 hour or less from metropolitan areas with populations of 1 million or more are growing in number. These forests are increasingly important because they contribute to the quality of life of millions of people. The agency has the opportunity to become a leader Tonto in promoting good land stewardship in communities through the Urban and Community Forestry program. Urban people are placing greater demands on the Forest Service for a wide range of travel and tourism services, educational opportunities, and experiences. Emerging issues such as limits to growth, carrying National capacity, competing uses, and multicultural Scottsdale diversity have occurred on these forests first. They can serve as learning centers or "Windows to the Future" for other forests facing urbanization Phoenix issues.

With the rapid development of areas that For surround national forests, many critical public access points are in jeopardy. It is important to work with local governments, nonprofit Mesa organizations, and private landowners to plan together for the future of public rights-of-way. With changes in use patterns on the forest transportation system, it is important that we work together to plan for future uses. Forest Service Trails

N 404Miles W E

page 180 - Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix E — City of Chandler General Plan

OUR RESOURCES Open Space and Recreation Element

GOAL: CREATE OPEN SPACE NETWORKS THAT CONTINUE TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHANDLER RESIDENTS.

OBJECTIVE: Create a network of pathways, trails and open space throughout the City as an important element of recreation, transportation and life quality enhancement for Chandler residents.

Policy: Create Neighborhood, Community, and Regional Parks linked with trails and paths to schools and other public areas, retention areas, and linear parks.

Policy: Consider instituting design guidelines that conserve environmental resources and enhance and complement the City’s open spaces and parks.

Policy: Continue to integrate the Consolidated Canal as a primary connector between Neighborhood and Community Parks in Southeast Chandler.

Policy: Continue to examine the feasibility of establishing an east-west bikeway, jogging, and pedestrian trail system to feed into the Paseo Trails System.

Policy: Continue to implement recommendations of the Chandler Bike Plan Update that are related to parks, recreation, and open space development.

Policy: Continue to link Chandler parks to local and regional bikeways.

Policy: Continue to link the City’s Regional Parks, Community Parks, and the Paseo Trails system with bike lanes on the City’s major thoroughfares and with adjacent communities through the regional bikepath system.

Policy: Continue to explore opportunities along other waterways throughout the City to provide trails with linkages to parks and bikeways.

Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 181 Appendix E — Queen Creek & Sanokai Wash Hydraulic Master Plan

page 182 - Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix E — Goodyear General Plan 2003-2013

Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 183 Appendix E — Avondale General Plan

page 184 - Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix E — Avondale General Plan

Appendix E—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 185 Appendix F — Funding Sources

Potential Funding Sources Bicycle Transportation and Pedestrian Walkways Under ISTEA, only nonattainment areas were included in the Federal Government funding formula. Funds are distributed to States based on a TEA-21 continues and expands provisions to improve facilities and safety formula that considers an area’s population by county and for bicycles and pedestrians. The eligibility of NHS funds is broadened to TEA-21 include pedestrian walkways, and safety and educational activities are the severity of its air quality problems within the now eligible for TE funds. Other changes ensure the consideration of On June 9, 1998, the President signed into law PL 105-178, the nonattainment or maintenance area. Further, greater weight bicyclists and pedestrians in the planning process and facility design. Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21) authorizing is given to carbon monoxide nonattainment and maintenance highway, highway safety, transit, and other surface transportation Recreational Trails Program programs for the next six years. Subsequent technical corrections in the areas. A significant portion of the urbanized area of Maricopa TEA 21 Restoration Act have been incorporated; thus, the material County is designated as a nonattainment area for air quality. A total of $270 million in contract authority is authorized for FYs 1998- presented here reflects the combined effects of both Acts and the two are A State may transfer up to 50 percent of its increase in CMAQ funds 2003 to provide and maintain recreational trails. States must establish a jointly referred to as TEA-21. compared to what it would have received if the CMAQ program were State recreational trails advisory committee that represents both funded at $1.35 billion per year nationwide. The funds may be motorized and nonmotorized recreational trail users. Of funds distributed TEA-21 builds on the initiatives established in the Intermodal Surface transferred to other Federal-aid programs, but can be used only for to a state, 30 percent must be used for motorized use, 30 percent must Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA), which was the last major projects located in nonattainment and maintenance areas. be used for nonmotorized use, and 40 percent must be used for diverse authorizing legislation for surface transportation. This new Act combines trail uses (any combination—the diverse category may overlap with the the continuation and improvement of current programs with new Transportation Enhancements (TE) others). The Federal share is raised to 80 percent (from 50 percent), and initiatives to meet the challenges of improving safety as traffic continues Federal agency project sponsors or other Federal programs may provide to increase at record levels, protecting and enhancing communities and Transportation enhancement activities continue to be funded through a additional Federal share up to 95 percent. Soft match provisions are the natural environment as we provide transportation, and advancing 10 percent set aside from STP funds. In order to maximize the use of allowed, including soft matches from public agencies. America’s economic growth and competitiveness domestically and available TE funding, TEA-21 provides innovative financing alternatives internationally through efficient and flexible transportation. for meeting matching requirements. The list of activities eligible for National Scenic Byways Program transportation enhancement funds is expanded, but all projects must Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) Improvement relate to surface transportation. Newly eligible are safety education activities for pedestrians and bicyclists, establishment of transportation TEA-21 authorizes a total of $148 million for technical assistance and grants to states for the purposes of The Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement museums, and projects to reduce vehicle-caused wildlife mortality. Provision of tourist and welcome center facilities is specifically included developing scenic byway programs and undertaking related program, continued in TEA-21 at a total authorized funding under the already eligible activity “scenic or historic highway programs.” projects along roads designated as National Scenic Byways, level of $8.1 billion for the six years of the Act, provides a In addition, one percent of the transit urbanized area formula funds All-American Roads, or as State Scenic Byways. flexible funding source to state and local governments for distributed to areas with populations greater than 200,000 must be used transportation projects and programs to help meet the for transit enhancement projects specified in the Act. requirements of the Clean Air Act. Eligible activities include TEA-21 allows a state to transfer some of its TE funds to other programs. transit improvements, travel demand management The maximum amount that may be transferred is up to 25 percent of the strategies, traffic flow improvements, and public fleet difference between the state’s current year TE set aside and the state’s conversions to cleaner fuels, among others. Funding is FY 1997 TE set aside. available for areas that do not meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (nonattainment areas), as well as former nonattainment areas that are now in compliance (maintenance areas).

page 186 - Appendix F—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix F — Funding Sources

Conservation and Reinvestment Act (CARA) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Clean Water may be incorporated nonprofits, local governments, tribes, Revolving Fund educational institutions, states, territories, and possessions. The act, funded by Congress on yearly basis, allocates Low interest loan program established by the Federal Clean The program awards $50,000 or less, or $50,001 to money to states under seven funding categories: Land and Water Act to make money available to local agencies for a $250,000 with a 20% matching share required. Water Conservation Fund projects; Wildlife Conservation; wide range of water quality improvement projects. Mitigation Fees Urban Parks and Recreation Program; Historic Preservation; Applicants may be public entities, special for construction of Indian and Federal Lands Restoration Farmland protection treatment facilities. Public and private entities are eligible for Mitigation Fees for impacts to the “Waters of the US” as Program, and Endangered and Threatened Species implementation of non-point source control projects and for defined under the provisions of the Clean Water Act, which is Recovery. estuary protection plans. administered by the Army Corps of Engineers and the EPA Community Development Block Grants jointly, takes the form of restoration or enhancement of water EPA Climate Change Action Plan related areas. Mitigation occurs in many steps if the area is The US Department of Housing and Urban Development This grant program funds proposals focusing on source unavoidable. First, there is on-site mitigation, then in-kind (HUD) offers financial grants to communities for reduction, recycling, and composting. Emphasis is placed one for one replacement of last habitat, third off-site neighborhood revitalization, economic development, and on measurability of projects, in terms of volumes of waste replacement or enhancement, lastly, if previous options do improvements to community facilities and services, reduced to be translated into greenhouse gas reductions. not exist, in lieu fees can be assessed by the Corps as especially in low and moderate-income areas. Eligible applicants may be states, tribes, incorporated compensation. These fees are usually directed to a Land and Water Conservation Fund nonprofits, and universities. Past award amounts range from nonprofit habitat related group such as the Nature $50,000 to $250,000. Conservancy, or other land trusts in the valley. This Federal funding source was established in 1965 to provide “close-to-home” park and recreation opportunities to EPA State Environmental Education Fund National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) Challenge residents throughout the United States. Money for the fund The EPA supports projects which design, demonstrate, or Grants comes from the sale or lease or nonrenewable resources, disseminate environmental education practices, methods, or The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) has five primarily federal offshore oil and gas leases and surplus techniques. Applicants may be educational institutions, initiatives through which challenge grants awarded: federal land sales. LWCF grants can be used by public agencies, and nonprofit organizations. Most awards 1) Conservation Education; communities to build a variety of park and recreation are for $5,000 and at times up to $25,000. facilities, including trails and greenways. 2) Fisheries Conservation and Management; EPA State Wetlands Protection Grants Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Grants 3) Neo-tropical Migratory Bird Conservation; Assists state and tribal wetlands protection efforts. Funds The USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) can be used to develop new wetlands protection programs or 4) Wetlands and Private lands; and provides funding to state and local agencies or nonprofit refine existing protection programs. Eligible applicants may 5) Wildlife and Habitat Management. organizations authorized to carry out, maintain, and operate be state and tribal agencies, but this has been expanded for watershed improvements involving less than 250,000 acres. local projects to include local governments, conservation Eligible applicants are aquariums, botanical gardens, The NRCS provides financial and technical assistance to Districts, nonprofits, and others. educational institutions, museums, nonprofit organizations, eligible projects to improve watershed protection, flood public agencies, research institutions, and zoos. The NFWF prevention, sedimentation control, pubic water-based fish EPA Sustainable Development Challenge Grants seeks a minimum two to one match (non federal to federal) and wildlife enhancements, and recreation planning. The Encourages community groups, businesses, and for all grants it awards. NRCS requires a 50% local match for public recreation, and government agencies to work together on sustainable fish and wildlife projects. development efforts that protect the local environment and conserve natural resources while supporting a healthy economy and an improved quality of life. Eligible applicants

Appendix F—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 187 Appendix F — Funding Sources

Local Government National Park Service, Department of the Interior Political Subdivisions of the State, defined per A.R.S. § 38- 431, and including without limitation all: Counties, Provides staff assistance to support partnerships between Taxes Incorporated Cities or Towns, School Districts, Special government and citizens to increase the number of rivers In 1985 the Arizona Legislature passed a law enabling the Districts; and nonprofit organizations that are exempt from and landscapes protected and trails established nationwide. citizens of Maricopa County to implement a one-half cent federal income taxation under Section 501(c) of the Internal Applicants may be private nonprofit organizations and local sales tax to provide funding for regional freeway Revenue Code and that have the purpose of preserving federal, state, and local governmental agencies. improvements and provide for the creation of the Regional open space. Public Transportation Authority (RPTA). Currently no money State Government Arizona Game and Fish Teaming with Wildlife Program is allotted to trails and bicycle uses. There are a number of potential funding sources in various With the creation of a Regional Transportation District, there state agencies that deal with recreation, transportation, Funding received through the Federal Conservation and could be a creation of a special district that would have the conservation, tourism, and water quality. Reinvestment Act (CARA) can be distributed to projects throughout the state for wildlife conservation, outdoor taxing authority from the Board of Supervisors to create a tax Trail Heritage Funds education, and recreation. that could support the trail. Sponsored by the Arizona State Parks, Trail Heritage funds Impact fees provide a 50/50 match for project programs including: the Arizona Game and Fish Department Heritage Fund Grants The Board of Supervisors could create a parks or recreation acquisition or lease of future trail alignments; design and The Urban Wildlife Habitat component of the fund supports impact fee of which a component could support trails. engineering when included with trail developments and the establishment of wildlife habitat/populations in harmony directly related to the project; trail development and with urban environments and promotes public awareness of General Obligation Bonds reconstruction activities including but not limited to subgrade Arizona’s native wildlife. A county or municipality may issue general obligation bonds, preparation, base course, soil sterilization, earthwork, Arizona Water Protection Fund which are backed by the full faith and credit of the county or erosion control revegetation, natural and hardening surfaces, municipality, for any lawful or necessary purpose. Each Provides monies for the development and implementation of culverts, low water crossings, band improvements, gabions, county and municipality has a constitutionally set debt cap, measures to protect water of sufficient quality and quantity to retaining walls, guard rails and bridges, and trail support which limits the bond issuance capacity. Prior to issuing maintain, enhance, and restore rivers and streams, and facilities including but not limited to signage, parking areas, general obligation bonds, the county or municipality must associated riparian resources. hitching trails, bike racks fencing, motorized access barriers, receive authorization by a majority vote of qualified electors underpass, restrooms, and water facilities. Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) at an election. The primary advantage associated with Land Acquisition Grants Recycling Unit general obligation bonds is the ability to use the bond proceeds for most any purpose and tax can be spread more Proposition 303, passed by Arizona voters in November, The Waste Reduction Initiative Through Education (WRITE) uniformly county-wide. 1998, provides $20 million per year for eleven years, grants are for recycling projects. beginning in state fiscal year 2001, to award grants for the Bond Referendums acquisition of State Trust Lands. The goal of these grants is LRSP – Local Regional and State Parks Communities across the nation have successfully placed "to conserve open spaces in or near urban areas and other Supports land acquisition and development of facilities for propositions on local ballots to support greenway areas experiencing high growth pressures." Conservation outdoor recreation improvements throughout Arizona, development. To date, Maricopa County has not utilized this may occur through permanent or temporary acquisitions, Applicants may be incorporated municipalities, counties, option. such as leases of up to 50 years in length, purchases of a state agencies, and Indian Tribes. parcel's development rights, or "fee simple" purchase of a Capital Improvement Program parcel. Grants may be made by the Arizona State Parks Some local governments have initiated a yearly Board for up to 50% of the appraised value of a land parcel. appropriation for trail development in the Capital Eligible applicants defined in state law are: State Agencies;

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are working to solve local, regional, and national water- Improvements Program. The Maricopa County Trail System development fees to be assessed for “necessary public related problems. Coors provides grants, ranging from a few could be supported by money that the Board of Supervisors services,” which has been interpreted to include parks and hundred dollars to $50,000 for projects such as river appropriates. open areas. There must be a reasonable relationship cleanups, aquatic habitat improvements, water quality between the cost of the public facilities for which the Improvement District monitoring, wetlands protection, pollution prevention, water development fee is assessed and the service demands of education efforts, groundwater protection, water Counties may form an improvement District to establish and the benefit area. The development fees assessed must not conservation, and fisheries. maintain a park or recreational area for the benefit of the exceed a proportionate share of the costs incurred or to be property within the District. The improvement District funds incurred in providing a public facility. World Wildlife Fund Innovative Grants Program improvements by making assessments against the property This organization awards small grants to local, regional, and within the District with each property in proportion to the statewide nonprofit organizations to help implement benefits to be received by each lot. The improvement District Private Funding Sources innovative strategies for the conservation of natural may also fund the improvements with assessment bonds, There are a wide variety of different grants that can be used resources. Grants are offered to support projects that which are repaid over a period of years by the assessments to fund a trail such as the Maricopa County Regional Trails conserve wetlands, protect endangered species, preserve made on the property within the District. The primary System. While this is a comprehensive look at the options migratory birds, conserve coastal resources, and establish disadvantages associated with the use of County available, it is not intended to suggest a complete list. and sustain protected natural areas such as greenways. improvement Districts are that approval by the majority of the Innovation grants can help pay for the administrative costs The Maricopa Trail + Park Foundation landowners is required and an improvement District would for projects including planning, technical assistance, legal need to be established for each benefit area of an open To help support the Maricopa Trail, the Maricopa Trail + Park and other costs to facilitate the acquisition of critical lands, space improvement. It would be difficult to establish an Foundation, a 501(c)3 non-profit organization was formed. retaining consultants and other experts, and preparing visual improvement District on a Countywide basis due to the The Maricopa Trail + Park Foundation Board of Directors will presentations and brochures or other conservation activities. stringency of the landowner approval and benefit area focus their community-wide talents on fundraising. This The maximum award for a single grant is $10,000. Arizona requirements. Community Facility Districts resource will help to build the Maricopa Trail and Education/ Growing Smarter Grant Program Cultural Centers at Maricopa County Regional Parks. Community Facility Districts, CFD’s, which may only be Supports the acquisition of State Trust Lands for formed within municipal boundaries by a sponsoring American Greenways DuPont Awards conservation of open spaces in or near urban areas and municipality, may be used to provide for the acquisition, other areas of experiencing high growth pressures. Funds construction, operation, and maintenance of a wide variety of The Conservation Fund’s American Greenways Program has teamed with the DuPont Corporation and the National are available to state agencies, counties, municipalities, and public infrastructure, including open space areas for nonprofit organizations. recreational purposes. There are two ways to form a CFD: Geographic Society to award small grants ($250 to $2,000) by majority vote of landowners at a special election or by a to stimulate the planning, design, and development of American Greenways Eastman Kodak Grant Program greenways. These grants can be used for activities such petition signed by all landowners in the proposed District. The program encourages action-oriented greenway projects. asmapping, conducting ecological assessments, surveying Keys to determining which projects will receive grants are Development Fees land, holding conferences, developing brochures, producing the importance of the project to local greenway development interpretive displays, incorporating land trusts, building trails, Counties and cities may impose development fees on efforts, how likely the project is to produce tangible results, and other creative projects. Grants can not be used for landowners in a “benefit area” to pay for proportionate share and the extent to which the grants results in matching funds academic research, institutional support, lobbying, or political of the public facilities required to serve a development. The from other sources. The program’s grant amounts range activities. county development fee statute defines public facilities to from $500 to $2,500. include only neighborhood parks intended to serve Coors Pure Water 2000 Grants development within a one half mile radius, but excludes regional parks; the statute applicable to municipalities allows Coors Brewing Company and its affiliated distributors provide funding and in-kind services to grassroots organizations that

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beyond the classroom supporting environmental education The Body Shop USA Foundation, Inc. Lindbergh Grants projects that leverage resources, bringing focus to the field, This foundation makes grants to organizations that serve and The Lindbergh Grants program functions as a provider of and empower citizens to make informed decisions on preserve the environment through education or direct seed money and credibility for pilot projects that environmental issues. Past grants supported water service. Applicants may be educational institutions and subsequently receive larger sums from other sources to resources, toxins and environmental health, and education nonprofit organizations. continue and expand the work. Lindbergh Grants are made on all levels. Qualified applicants may be aquariums, in the following categories: agricultural; aviation/aerospace; The Educational Foundation of America botanical gardens, educational institutions, museums, conservation of natural resources – including animal plants nonprofit organizations, research institutions, and zoos. The The foundation supports smaller, more grass roots water, and general conservation (land, air, energy, etc.); program awards from $4,950 to $15,000. organizations and projects with sustainability, replicability education – including humanities/education, health and and potential for long-term environment impact. Interests population sciences, and adaptive technology; and waste National Trails Endowment include: energy efficiency and conservation, environmental minimization and management. The Lindbergh Foundation The American Hiking Society (AHS) manages a fund of education, alternatives to nuclear energy, sustainable encourages men and women whose individual initiative and money created by contributions to an annual endowment agriculture, water quality issues and public land resources work in a wide spectrum of disciplines furthers the fund for trails. Money from the endowment will be made conservation. The foundation encourages educational Lindbergh’s vision of a balance between the advance of available to organizations for which foot trails are a primary institutions, nonprofit organizations, public agencies, and technology and the preservation of the natural/human focus. research institutions apply. Grant amounts will range from environment to apply. $10,000 to $200,000. PowerBar Direct Impact on Rivers and Trails (DIRT) Marshall Fund of Arizona Projects should: 1) endeavor to increase or maintain access The Energy Foundation The Marshall Fund seeks projects that address and explore to the outdoors or the size of an outdoor recreational The Energy Foundation will support regional transportation new ideas to improve the quality of life in Arizona. It also resource, 2) have a regional or local focus, 3) indemnify a reform through analysis, policy research, regulatory work and provides funds to meet critical budget problems for important specific land area or waterway that will benefit, 4) have real advocacy. The foundation will explore policy options that ongoing projects. Grants can be made to tax exempt potential for success or significant measurable progress over promote alternatives to increased single occupancy vehicle organizations, which qualify under Section (c) (3) of the a short term, and 5) be quantifiable and include a measure use and to new highway construction. The foundation will Internal Revenue Code. Grant amounts range from $1,500 for evaluating success. Grant amounts range from $2,000 to also support multi-modal alternative transportation planning. to $40,000. $5,000. The Design Arts Program National Rivers Coalition REI Seed Grant Program Project WET The Design Arts Program of the National Endowment for the Supports grass roots river conservation. The funds are Phillips Petroleum is co-sponsor of this new environmental Arts funds projects that promote excellence in urban design, administered by the National Rivers Coalition, which consists program, which focuses on the importance of water historic preservation, planning, architecture, and landscape of the American Canoe Association, American Rivers, resources. Phillips’ funds are being used to help the planning. American Whitewater Affiliation, National Wildlife Federation, program expand into all 50 sates. River Management Society, River Network, Sierra Club, and Geraldine R. Dodge Foundation, Inc. Recreational Equipment, Inc. (REI) Environmental Grants the Wilderness Society. The program awards from $200 to The foundation’s special interests include: ecosystems and $1,000. REI awards these grants to organizations for protection and habitat preservation, pollution prevention and reduction, enhancement of natural resources for use in outdoor biodiversity/species conservation, energy conservation, and The National Environmental Education and Training recreation. Grants of up to $5,000 are offered to accomplish enlightened environmental policy through education and Foundation Inc. any of the following: preservation of wild lands and open communication. Aquariums, botanical gardens, educational The program supports environmental education and training space; advocacy-oriented education for the general public institutions, and zoos are encouraged to apply. Available projects related to health and drinking water projects. Yet, it about conservation issues; building a membership base of a grant amounts are from $7,000 to $100,000. retains a focus on youth, particularly environmental education projects that focus on higher grade levels and go page 190 - Appendix F—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan Appendix F — Funding Sources

conservation organization, direct citizen action (lobbying) habitats which are critically important to sustaining abundant Community volunteers may help with trail construction as campaign on public land and water recreation issues; and ecological communities in Western Canada and Western well as fundraising. Potential sources of volunteer labor in projects working to organize trails constituency or to enhance United States. All applicant organizations must be classified Maricopa County could include local bicycling, hiking, and the effectiveness of a trails organization’s work as a trails as 501©(3) by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service or 149(l)(f) equestrian groups, the Boy Scouts, the Girl Scouts, and advocate at the state or local level. by revenue Canada. The foundation awards between local civic clubs such as the Kiwanis, Rotary, and Lions’ $20,000 to $30,000. Clubs. Recreational Improvement Fund (RIF) Grants A case in point is Cheyenne, Wyoming’s volunteer green- The program funds the maintenance, operation, and Land Trusts way program. The Greater Cheyenne Greenway has development of recreation trails and inland lake cleanup. Some citizens choose to set up a land trust to assure that motivated an impressive amount of community support and Recreation Improvement (RIF) dollars are available for their land is used for a specific purpose. Land trusts to volunteer work. The program has the unusual problem of operation, maintenance, and development of recreational benefit the Maricopa County Regional Trails System could having to insist that volunteers wait to begin landscaping trails and related facilities. State and local partnership be established. thetrail until construction is completed. A manual for projects may apply for available grants. Sponsors greenway volunteers was developed to guide and regulate Recreational Trails Program Grants A sponsorship program for trail amenities allows for smaller volunteer work. The manual includes a description of Funds the maintenance and development of recreational trails donations to be received both from individuals and appropriate volunteer efforts, request forms, waiver and and related facilities. businesses. The program must be well planned and release forms, and a completion form (volunteers are asked organized, with design standards and associated costs to summarize their accomplishments). Written guidelines The Surdna Foundation established for each amenity. Project elements that may be are also provided for volunteer work in 100-year floodplains. The foundation’s goal is to prevent irreversible damage to the funded can include wayside exhibits, benches, trash To better organize volunteer activity, Cheyenne developed environment, and to support government, private, and receptacles, entry signage, and picnic areas. Usually, an “Adopt-a-Spot” program. Participants who adopt a voluntary actions that will produce a sustainable environment plaques recognizing the individual contributors are placed on segment of trail are responsible for periodic trash pick-up, and foster a population of environmentally informed citizens. the constructed amenities. but can also install landscaping, prune trail-side vegetation, Their interests include biological and cultural diversity, energy Local industries and private businesses may agree to develop wildlife enhancement projects, and install site and transportation. Up to $300,000 is available for nonprofit provide support for development of the Maricopa County amenities. All improvements must be consistent with the organizations. Trail System through: Greenway Development Plan and must be approved by the Toyota USA Foundation local Greenway Coordinator. Adopt-a-Spot volunteers are donation of cash to a specific trail segment; allowed to display their names on a small sign along the Grants were awarded to start the French Creek Project in donation of services by corporations to reduce the adopted section of greenway. Pennsylvania.. This project is an environmental program for cost of trail implementation, including equipment and high school students and their teachers involving the labor to construct and install elements of the trail; preservation of a historic waterway. In addition, support was given to the Brooklyn Botanical Gardens to produce mobile reductions in the cost of materials purchased from active learning centers on different topics in botany and local businesses that support trail implementation and ecology. Grant amounts from $25,000 to $75,000 for can supply essential products for facility development. aquariums, botanical gardens, educational institutions, Volunteers museums, nonprofit organizations, and zoos. Wilburforce Foundation Funding is focused on organizations that work to protect

Appendix F—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 191 Appendix G — Glossary

AASHTO — American Association of State Highway and open area that protects the natural landscape character. Ideally Gateway — Access point to a trail or other special points of Transportation Officials. the corridor is a separated primary trail, hard or soft surface, interest that often include large works of public art. and secondary trail, with conservation / interpretation trails Access Point — A specific site that connects to a trail or to Geographic Information System (GIS) — A spatial database destinations or points of interest. as appropriate. The floodplains should be left unused. mapping system that can be used to contain location data Access Node — A site that connects to the trail, or to Conservation / Interpretive Trail — A “passive” activity trail lo- for trails and other important features. neighborhoods and open spaces. These sites have a low cated in an undeveloped area that meanders near and Grade — The slope to which a trail rises or falls over a linear level of activity. within landscapes set aside for habitat preservation, water- distance, expressed as a percentage. A trail that rises five shed protection, or within man-made landscapes such as ADA — Americans with Disabilities Act. vertical feet in 100 horizontal feet has a five percent grade. parks or recreational areas. Active Zone — A corridor segment in a developed area that Grade-separated Crossing — Trail overcrossings or under- serves high numbers of people. Ideally it has a split corridor Cross Slope — The angle of the trail tread measured from side- crossings that allow trail users to cross a street at a differ- to-side as a percentage. with a hard surface primary trail in the major corridor, and a ent level than motor vehicles. primary trail hard surface and secondary trail in the minor Decomposed Granite — A native, crushed granite rock known Hard Surface — A paved asphalt / concrete mix or concrete corridor. Equestrian pathways are in the floodplain where for its permeability and used as a concrete substitute for tread. possible. building natural trails, driveways, and walkways. Horizontal Curvature — The radius of a curve. ADOT — Arizona Department of Transportation Design Speed — The speed used to calculate curves and other design components. Informal Trail — A trail that has developed through informal ARS — Arizona Revised Statutes use and is not designated or maintained by an agency. Easement — Grants a non-owner the right to use a specific por- At-Grade Crossing — A trail crossing a roadway on the same tion of land for a specific purpose. Easements may be lim- Intermodal — A mode is a particular form of transportation, plane. ited to a specific period of time or may be granted in perpe- such as bicycle, walking, transit, or automobile. Intermodal Bicycle — Every device, including a racing wheelchair, that is tuity. An easement agreement survives transfer of land- refers to connections between modes. propelled by human power and on which a person may ride ownership and is generally binding upon future owners until Levee — A compacted embankment built alongside a river for and that has either: (a) Two tandem wheels neither of which it expires on its own terms. the purpose of preventing highwater from flooding the ad- is more than sixteen inches in diameter, (b) Three wheels in joining land. contact with the ground any of which is more than sixteen Entryway — Site that accesses the trail or other special point of interest. inches in diameter (ARS 28-101.6) MAG — Maricopa Association of Governments Equestrian — One who rides on horseback; a horseman; a Bicycle Lane — A portion of roadway striped, with pavement MCDOT— Maricopa County Department of Transportation rider. markings and signed for exclusive use of bicycles. These Mountain Zone — A corridor segment in steep or rugged ter- must meet certain standards for width, striping, signing, and Equestrian Passageway — Generally an open sandy passage- rain. A narrow corridor that can accommodate only a pri- marking. way in drainage bottoms, including floodways. It is intended mary trail, with no other ADA corridors available, is one for horses and other stock / pack animals, but other modes Bicycle Path — See “Shared-use Path or Trail” reason to have a mountain trail. are not restricted. BOS—Board of Supervisors Mountain Trail — A trail segment usually in steep or rugged FCDMC — Flood Control District of Maricopa County terrain intended to be used by hikers, equestrians, and Connector Trail — A linkage or connecting trail that mountain bikers. The trail is permitted an exception to the interconnects primary and secondary trails with one Floodplain — The flat, occasionally flooded area bordering streams, rivers, or other bodies of water susceptible to new ADA proposed regulations. Exceptions are based on; another. changes in the surface level of the water. the combination of running slope and cross slope, height of Conservation Zone — A corridor segment in an undeveloped, obstacles, surface characteristics, or width.

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Roadway — The portion of the highway, including shoulders, Multi-Use Path or Trail — See “Shared-Use Path or Trail” intended for vehicular use. MUTCD — Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices Secondary Trail — A pathway generally parallel to the primary Neighborhood / Transit Connector — A tertiary trail that trail. It is soft surface in each of the landscape connects surrounding neighborhoods, schools, and management zones. adjacent transit stops and Park-N-Ride facilities to trails within the system. Shared-use Path or Trail — A path or trail that is used by more than one user group, including, but not limited to, Open Space — Areas of natural quality, either publicly or equestrians, pedestrians, bicyclists, hiker, skaters, and privately owned, designated for protection of natural joggers. resources, nature-oriented outdoor recreation, and trail- related activities. Shy Distance — The gap between a trail edge and any fixed object capable of injuring any trail user. Passive Zone — A corridor segment in a mixed development area that serves low to moderate numbers of people. Side Slope — The angle of the terrain measured in percent. Ideally the corridor is a separated or adjacent primary hard Sight Distance — A measurement of visibility, unobstructed, surface trail and secondary trail. Equestrian pathways are along the normal path to the farthest point of the roadway or in the floodplain where possible. trail surface. Paved Surface — A hard surface of asphalt / concrete mix or Soft Surface — A natural soil or decomposed granite tread. concrete (may be colored). The decomposed granite may be stabilized. Pedestrian — Any person afoot. A person who uses a manual Trail — A marked or established path or route. or motorized wheelchair is considered a pedestrian unless Trailhead — The beginning or ending access point to a trail, the manual wheelchair qualifies as a bicycle (ARS 28- often accompanied by various trail support facilities such as 101.37). horse trailer and regular vehicle parking spaces, hitching Primary Trail — The main pathway that serves high numbers of rails, corrals, water troughs, bike racks, shade armadas, people. It is typically hard surface (paved), but may be soft picnic tables, drinking fountains, restrooms, directional and surface (unpaved) in undeveloped or non-developable informational signing, and entrance gates. areas. Tread — The surface portion of a trail upon which users travel. Right-of-Way — A general term denoting land, property, or Unpaved Trail — A soft surface of natural soil or decomposed interest therein, usually in a strip, acquired for or devoted to granite. The decomposed granite may be stabilized. some public purpose. Watercourse — Any natural or built channel through which Right of Way — The right of one trail or roadway user to water naturally flows or will collect and flow during spring proceed in preference to another trail or roadway user. runoff, rainstorms, etc. Riparian — Along a watercourse, arroyo, seep, pond, or other location where the availability of water is increased, The community of the watercourse, its vegetation and its wildlife are collectively referred to as a riparian area.

Appendix G—Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan - page 193 Appendix H — References

AASHTO Task Force on Geometric Design. Guide for the Transportation Corridor Master Plan. Phoenix, AZ. 2001. Maricopa County, AZ. Northwest Valley Transportation Study. Development of Bicycle Facilities. Phoenix, AZ. Maricopa County Department of Washington, Maricopa County, AZ. Agua Fria River Watercourse Master Transportation. 2000. D.C.American Association of State Highway and Plan. Phoenix, AZ. Flood Control District of Maricopa Transportation Officials. 1999 County. 2002. Maricopa County, AZ. Queen Creek/Sanokai Wash Hydraulic Arizona Revised Statutes: www.azleg.state.az.us/ars Master Plan. Phoenix, AZ. Flood Control District of Maricopa County, AZ. Bicycle Transportation System Plan. General Plan. Maricopa County. 2000. City of Apache Junction, AZ. 1999. Phoenix, AZ. Maricopa County Department of City of Chandler, AZ. General Plan. 2001. Transportation. 1999. Maricopa County, AZ. Spook Hill Area Drainage Master Plan. Phoenix, AZ. Flood Control District of Maricopa County. City of Goodyear, AZ. Parks, Trails, and Open Space Master Maricopa County, AZ. East Maricopa Floodway Capacity 2002. Plan. 2001. Mitigation and Multi-Use Corridor Study. Conceptual Design Alternatives Report. Executive Summary. Phoenix, AZ. Maricopa County, AZ. Sun Circle Trail. Phoenix, AZ. n.d. City of Mesa, AZ. Mesa 2025 — A Shared Vision. 2001 Flood Control District of Maricopa County. 2000. Maricopa County, AZ. West Valley Rivers: Agua Fria River City of Peoria, AZ. Trails Master Plan. 1999. Maricopa County, AZ Feasibility Study for a Multi-Use Path Corridor. Phoenix, AZ. Flood Control District of Maricopa City of Phoenix, AZ. General Plan. 2001 Along the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct System. This County. 2000. City of Phoenix, AZ. Sonoran Preserve Master Plan. 1998. study was done in conjunction with: ADOT, Bureau of Pinal County, AZ. Comprehensive Plan 2001. 2001. Reclamation, the cities of Mesa, Peoria, Phoenix, and City of Scottsdale, AZ. Trails Master Plan: On the Right Trail. Scottsdale. Phoenix, AZ. 2004. Town of Carefree, AZ. General Plan 2020. 2002. 2003. Maricopa County, AZ Loop 303 Corridor/White Tanks Area Town of Cave Creek, AZ. Cave Creek General Plan Update: City of Scottsdale, AZ. McDowell Sonoran Preserve. Conceptual Drainage Master Plan. Phoenix, AZ. Flood Control District Circulation Element. 2000. Trails Plan for the Preserve: www.scottsdaleaz.gov/ of Maricopa County. 2004. Town of Fountain Hills, AZ. General Plan 2002. 2002. preserve/trailsplan.asp Maricopa County, AZ. Maricopa County 2020 Eye to the Future: Town of Gilbert, AZ. General Plan 2001. 2001. City of Surprise, AZ. Surprise General Plan 2020. 2000. Comprehensive Plan. Phoenix, AZ. 1997. Town of Queen Creek, AZ. General Plan 2002. 2002. City of Tempe, AZ. General Plan 2030. 2003. Maricopa County, AZ. Maricopa County GIS Database. 2003- United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service. Flink, Charles A., Kristine Olka, Robert M. Searns. Trails for the 2004. Recreation Agenda: Twenty-First Century: Planning, Design, and Management www.fs.fed.us/recreation/programs/ Maricopa County, AZ. Maricopa County Regional Trail System strategy/rec_agenda_ht.html. Manual for Multi-Use Trails. Washington, D.C. Rails-to- Plan: Phase One. Phoenix, AZ. 2002. Trails Conservancy. 2001. United States Department of Transportation. Designing Maricopa County, AZ. Maricopa County Regional Trail System Sidewalks and Trails for Access, Part 1. Washington, D.C. Maricopa Association of Governments. MAG Regional Bicycle Plan: Phase Two. Phoenix, AZ. 2003. USDOT, Federal Highway Administration. 1999. Plan. Phoenix, AZ. 1999. Maricopa County, AZ. New River Area Plan. Phoenix, AZ. United States Department of Transportation. Designing Maricopa Association of Governments. MAG Regional Off- Maricopa County Planning and Development. 1998. Sidewalks and Trails for Access, Part 2. Washington, D.C. Street System Plan. Phoenix, AZ. 2000. Maricopa County, AZ. North Peoria Area Drainage Master Plan. USDOT, Federal Highway Administration. 2001. Maricopa Association of Governments. Pedestrian Area Policies Phoenix, AZ. Flood Control District of Maricopa County. United States Architectural and Transportation Barriers and Design Guidelines. Phoenix, AZ. 1995. 2002. Compliance Board. Recommendations for Accessibility Maricopa Association of Governments. Pedestrian Plan 2000. Maricopa County, AZ. Northeast Valley Area Transportation Guidelines: Outdoor Developed Areas, Final Report. 1999. Phoenix, AZ. 1999. Study. Phoenix, AZ. Maricopa County Department of Maricopa Association of Governments. West Valley Multi-Modal Transportation. 1996.

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