ZIM CSWR La Cronica de Nuevo Mexico F ZI tri CSL.J R 79:1. ~ Received on : 04-27-95 C7x . April 1995 no a 40 A CRONICA ~ . ISSUE NUMBER 40 OE NUEVO MEXICO

HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF NEW MEXICO The Juan Martinez de Montoya Collection 1995 ANNUAL CONFERENCE and TUCSON, ARIZONA - APRIL 13 - 16, 1995 The Palace of the Governors by Arrancernents for the 1995 of the Tucson historic district is also Historical Society of New Mexico and planned that afternoon for those who Thomas E. Chavez Arizona Historical Society joint annual micht not want to go on the mission On August 10. 1608. Captain Juan Martinez de Montoya appeared before Cristobal conference are nearly complete as we QO tour. Saturday eveninq, the Historical de Onate. son of Juan de Onate and the acting Governor of New Mexico. With a to press. The conference is scheduled for Society of New Mexico book auction and secretary dutifully taking down every word the captain proceeded to give testimony Easter weekend. April 13-16. 1995 at the awards banquet will conclude the about his almost eiQht years' service in New Mexico. He talked of his many exploits Tucson. The Ramada Downtown will be conference activities. beqinninq with his role of brinQing reinforcements to the desperate colony in 1601. conference headquarters. Easter Sunday. April 16. buses will be to travelinqout onto the plains. defending San Gabriel. where he built a house. from The Westerners banquet scheduled available for those who may want to at­ Indian attack. helped establish certain mines and visited many pueblos which are for the eveninq of Thursday. April 13.will tend Easter servtces which will be con­ enumerated. He even introduced pieces of previous correspondence. the earliest dated kicl< off the weekend's activities. Papers ducted by the Rev. Charles Polzer at the 1602. into the record to verify his early service in New Mexico and the fact that he are scheduled all day Friday. April 14. Guevavl and Calabasas mission ruins. A and his descendants had received the minor but important noble title of hidaldo. followed by an evening reception at the stopover at PataQonia and a tour through He wanted to make sure that all his exploits would be included in his official Arizona Historical Society Museum. the San Rafael Valley is scheduled for the record. Papers will continue Saturday morn­ return trip to Tucson. Among the litany of events that he enumerated and for which he received credit. ing. April 15. After lunch. a tour of San Final program and registration was the foundinq of Santa Fe. which the record notes as " .. . y haber hecho plaza Xavier mission will be hosted by Bernard materials were mailed to the member­ en Santa Fe" and a page later. "poble" Santa Fe. Internal as well as external evidence Fontana. who will describe the conser­ ship as soon as they were available. finished establishes the year of the founding of Santa Fe as 1607. vation work being done on the 18th cen­ Members are reminded that Easter week­ Cristobal de Onate finished the hearing by verilyinc all that had been said before tury church. This will be followed by end is a busy travel weekend. and the appropriate witnesses. Martinez de Montoya. with copies of his testimony and let­ a tour of Tumacacori National Monu­ arrangements should be made as early ters verifying his title. left New Mexico to return to Spain. soon after he gave his ment and a stop at Tubac. A walking tour -RJT as possible. testimony. In Spain in 1785. the descendants of Juan Martinez de Montoya petitioned the Pleaseremember that the annual Book Auction is scheduled for Friday after­ authorities to verify their title of hidalgo. by virtue of the original award given to their noon. Please bring your book donations with you. or cal1 me. John P. Conron ancestor. A hearing was set and repeated again in the nineteenth century as successive in Santa Fe. at 505-983-3088 to arrange for a pick-up of books and lor objects. descendants claimed the riQht awarded their ancestor. - JPC For the first hearing. the family appeared with the old seventeenth century record ••• I of Martinez de Montoya's New Mexico record. These documents and all the subse­ quent testimony were precisely copied and entered into the official testimony. which A Friend Of So Many u.s. Army durinc the 1920S. but in World resulted in a sixty-two page bound volume with a beautifully scribed title pace that Of Us Dies War II and in the Korean Conflict he serv­ reads; ed in the u.s. Navy. In World War II Don Juan Saez y Mauncade LEE MYERS Myers served in the Sea bees and par­ vecino de esta Corte 1902 - 1994 ticipated in the invasions of the Marshall Sobre Islands. Saipan and Tinian. During the Leland Clair (lee) Myers died on Tues­ Korean Conflict he screed on board the Que se le incluya en la descendencia day. November 8. 1994. at Mountain repair ship. the USS Luzon: Lee was pro­ directa del Capitan D. Juan Martinez de Shadows Health Care Center in Las ud of the fact that both he and his son. Montoya. Descubridor. Conquistador. y Poblador Cruces. New Mexico. Ted. served on repair ships. held the que fue en las Americas. y Governador del Mr. Myers was born in Chanute. Kan­ same identical ratings and enjoyed liberty Nuevo Mexico. sas on June 28. 1902. He served in the continued on page 4. col. 3 ~ Sometime in the third decade of the twentieth century. University of New Mexico ~ . professor and historian. France Scholes. noted a listing in a trade journal that the WESTERNERS TO TUADE London firm of MaQQs Brothers. Ltd. were offerinq for sale a ~roup of documents. in part. dealinq with New Mexico. Somehow Professor Scholes convinced the company OLD BOOKS FOR NEW "Comparisons of European and to send him the volume of papers. Scholes used the collection as a basis for an article The santa Fe Corral of the Westerners. New Mexico Indian Game-Animal on Juan Martinez de Montoya that he published in the New Mexico Historical Review an international organization of western Ceremonies" by Luke Lyon. 1981. in 1944. The collection of papers was footnoted. sent back to London and forgotten historians both professional and amateur. 15 pp. until recently. is opening a new phase of their long "The Villista Murder Trials: Deming. Some six years aQo Scholes' footnote was read with renewed interest. A group of standing publication proqram. The club New Mexico 1916-1921" by John O . historians that included my staff. Cordelia and David Snow and myself openly speculated is releasinc for public sale a limited Baxter. 1983. 22 pp. about the existence of the papers. A couple of telephone calls. an exchance of number of original copies of La Gaceta. "The Anatomy of a Land Grab: The correspondence. some personal visits by Palace supports Homer Milford and Frank historic monocraphs from their Una de Geto Grant" by Fern Lyon. Ortiz. resulted in the acquisition of the documents in 1994 by the Palace of the Gover­ archives. 1984. 21 pp. nors. The History Library of the Palace of the Governors has made this 10nQ traveled Each issue of La Gaceta published in "The Battle for Fort Union: Barclay collection of information available for research and New Mexico's history is a little the 1970S and ·80S. contains a sicniftcant and Doyle vs. the Army" by Robert richer. article by one of the most noted W. Frazer. 1984. 17 pp. -TEC historians or archeoloqtsts of the "Christmas In Old New Mexico" by Southwest. and will be sold at cost to Anita Gonzales Thomas - also SOURCES finance a renewal of the Westerners' "Las Posadas" by Peter Ribera France V. Scholes. "Juan Martinez de Montoya. Settler and Conquistador of New publication program. The program's goal Ortega and Mexico." NMHR. no. 4. October 1944. pp. 337 - 342. is to preserve in print. and make "Christmas Event - An Extract" by available. interesting and important Cordelia Thomas Snow. "Juan Martinez de Montoya. The Reluctant Governor: The Reverend Jacob Mills Ashley. 1986. research and analysis which otherwise Palace of the Governors Obtains Elusive Documents." Comapdres. no. 4. October­ 18 pp. miqht remain unknown. December 1994. pp. 5 - 8. The paperback booklets are 6" x 9" "Choice Places: The Spanish and Publisher. "Around the Plaza; Santa Fe: Est. 1610 1607." El Palacio. no.!. Winter except for the 1989 which is 5V2" X 8 V2 ". Mexican Land Grants in Texas" by J.1 . 1994 - 95. pp. 14 - 16. Bowden. 1987. 33 pp. The featured articles available are listed For the story of France Scholes obtaining the documents. I am grateful to John "Territorial Justice in the 18805. below: or Kessell of UNM and Devarcas Project. "Horse Race at Fort Fauntleroy" Why The Natives' Serenaded Judge by Marc Simmons. 1970. 32 pp. Long" by Jean R. Padilla. 1989. 13 pp. ••• 'The Wonderful Year of 1880 in * Santa Fe" by J.K. Shiskin. 1971. 32 pp. The booklets may be ordered for MUUDER MOST FOUL IN PINOS ALTOS "The Most Interesting 100 Square $1.50 plus 50 cents postage and Mile in America and Its Impact on handline. each. from The Westerners. c/o A Shoot-Out in Bill Tratchers I'andanqo and Gamblinc Hall. Santa Fe" by Dale Bullock. 1981. Meriom Kastner. 1908 Calle de Sebastian. See paoe 2. ~ 21 pp. Santa Fe. NM 87501. 0 much re~arding the unhappy affairof the Murder At Pinos Altos previous evening: but since then he has so far recovered from his fright and the by John P. Wilson excitement as to be induced to make Pinos Altos. or Pino Alto as it was ble at this place. and that hard feelings of the first murder that has ever occur­ some further disclosures in regard to this known then. became a boominq ~old have existed between them ever since. red at the Pino Alto Mines. and we trust dastardly murder and outrage upon this camp soon after the discovery of placer Thisold matter probably led to the tragic this is the last we shall be called upon to community. He says he left the room as ~old along Bear Creek in mid-May of scene we are about to record. On the record. We learn great excitement was soon as the two men on guard started 1860. Miners flocked into this foothill evening in question. Mr Thatcher who manifested by the citizens of Pino Alto away. but had proceeded only a short country. about ten miles west of the San­ was in attendance at the Salle room step­ on the morning subsequent to the distance when he was waylaid by two ta Rita copper mines in southwestern ped up to the bar and called upon all pre­ murder. and that it was with difficulty men who fired at him several times. two NewMexico. and newspapers from Texas sent to come up and drink. remarked as they were restrained from hanging the balls taking effect. He instantly fell as to California carried excited reports by he did so, that he believed all present prisoners forthwith . No regular business though mortally wounded. when one of volunteer correspondents. The 1860 cen­ were his friends. Mr. Dack. advancing was attended to. and nothing else was the assassins. probably supposing him to be in the agonies of death. came up and sus recorded 500persons at the Pino Alto towards the bar said. 'Say that again. I talked of". 7 Ricked him. exclaiming. 'D--n you . you Gold Mines in Auqust. I Although peo­ want to hear it!'Whereupon Taylor. who - *- ple came and went. this was still quite a was present. cried out 'Let the d- - - d are dead now .' or in words to that effect. contrast with newspaper claims about scoundrel come, I will get him!' and im­ "Chas. Hampton and Col. Sterten . im­ after which. havinq placed his hand on thousands of people on their way to the mediately drew his pistol. leveled it at plicated in the murder of Wm. Dacz. are his temple to ascertain ifhe was stillalive. mines. or that the Mexican and American him and fired. It is supposed however. now in confinement. Coulbert issuppos­ quickly disappeared. populations were approximately equal in that the ball went into the air. as the ed to have gone toward Santa Fe. The As soon as he considered it safe, he got up and . though suffering from his numbers. 2 In the census. approximate­ pistol was thrown out of range by an in­ blue shirt man was seen at Apache Pass. ly 90 percent of the miners had given dividual standing near. Taylor has evaded arrest so far. but is wounds. hand cuffed and shackled. Mexico or New Mexico as their place of Wrenching himself fromt he ~rasp of reported secreted in the neighborhood hobbled across the acequia and entered birth . those who were attempting to hold him of Pino Alto, being unable to ride. even the jacal where he was found in the mor­ Actual descriptions of Pinos Altos at he fired at Dack the second time. the ball in a buggy". 8 ning. Dr. Blackwas summoned, who had this time are scarce. One. written by a probably taking effect. Almost - *- his manacles removed. dressed his lawyer from Virginia named Benjamin simultaneously with this shot. three wounds. and had him conveyed to his "An examination was held before Neal. said tha the two-month-old town others were fired into Dach's person. He own house. where he still remains. Squire Navarrez. at Las Cruces. on the had some ei~ht or ten stores. besides had now evidently received his mortal thouoh we believe it is the intention to 27th inst.. of Col. Sterten. Chas. Hamp­ gro~ shops and gambling houses. Almost wound: but. as he sunk down, he reeled remove him to Fort Fillmore soon. for ton. and Coulbert. who were arrested for in spite of the abundance of whiskey. to a post and grasped it with his left arm. surgical treatment and better the murder of Wm. Dick at Pino Alto. gamblin~ halls and well-armed men. and while he drew his pistol with his riqht protection. Hon. P.T. Herbert appeared as counsel some ethnic tension. Pinos Altos was not hand. and fired at Taylor. the ball tahtnq Thus we have very briefly stated the for the prosecution. and W. Claude Jones a disorderly. WildWest mining camp. At­ effect in his thich . He then fellover dead. particulars of a double murder of the and Col. McWillie for the defense. The ac­ torney Neal claimed that "Each mining without a groan or exclaimation of any most cold-blooded and dastardly cused were committed to answer the district has its own laws. and it is kind. Two other shots were afterwards character. The murder of the Mines. and charge of murder in the first degree at astonishing how the people quietly and fired into his body from a Dragoon pistol for which the prisoners were in confine­ the next term of the District Court". o peaceably obey them". 3 James Tevis. in the hands of Chas. Hampton. ment. was horrible . God knows . but another who lived there at the time. Altogether. he received eight balls in his - *- nothing in comparison with this. That. so recalled in later years that Sundays were person - one in the arm. five in the "Last Sunday night. between the far as these three prisoners were concern­ used for dueling and all difficulties were breast. one in the thigh and one in the hours of eight and nine. the door of the ed, was probably done under the in­ settled on that day. provided the conten­ abdomen - besides one wound with a building in which Mr. Coulbert. Chas. fluence of excitement and the crazing ef­ fects of liquor: this was premeditated and ding parties were sober. 4 An early issue knife. Hampton and Col. Sterten have been for of the nearest newspaper. The MesjJJa Subsequently Mr. Thatcher pointed some time confined on a charge of accomplished by heartless men. before Times. carried an account of one such out Chas. Hampton as one of the murder at Pino Alto, was broken open. whose base acts hell itself would pale duel between Henry Kennedy and "Sam" murderers. which the latter pronounced and the two latter shot dead and the with horror. for no others could be guil­ Dyer. Dyer received a sli~ht scratch on a d- - - d lie. and fired at the former with former wounded in the right arm and ty of a crime so heinous. Our citizens are very indignant. and his knuckles : Kennedy was unhurt. 5 his six shooter. but missed him and shot breast. The person who was left in charce Hank Smith described the first Mr. Wright of De Witte. Texas. through of the prisoners had chained them to a take no pains to hide their feelings and stampede to Pinos Altos in his own the mouth. Hampton them attempted to post and then gone down town for a few opinions. though all appear cool and col­ memoirs. His vivid account of a shoot­ escape through the back door, and in so moments. supposing them perfectly safe. lected. May Wisdom guide their acts is out at George Caldwell's Fandango and doing was shot twice by parties in the The murderers, probably beltevlnq they our earnest prayer". 10 Gamblino House apparently told of room. the balls both lodging in his had killed them all. fled. Mr. Coulbert. And the man with a blue shirt was something that never happened. head. stimulated by fear and excitement. suc­ seen no more. however. There was no mention of this According to the evidence presented ceeded in breaking the IOCR with which Southern New Mexico at this time was in contemporary sources. Smith con­ at the trial. Taylor fired 2 shots . Edward he was confined and. leavlnc the home to a parade of colorful characters. tinued with a tale about another shoot­ Coulbert. 2, Col. Sterten 1. and a man building. proceeded in the direction of including James Tevis. Hank Smith. Jack em-up. this time between Bill Dicb and with a blue shirt. not yet recognized. 3 Mr. Lucas' house as fast as his manacled Swilling. W. Claude Jones , P.T. Herbert Will Taylor in Bill Tratcher 's Fandanco shots. limbs and wounds would permit. and on and M.H. MacWillie. I I The principals in and Gambling Hall.a story that the best­ Taylor and Hampton are very the way met some individual to whom this case of multiple murders are lesswell known history of early Pinos Altos men­ dangerously, and it is believed by many. he gave information of the assault. known. but a few details can be found 12 tions as well. 6 mortally wounded. Wright. though sui A number of men soon collected in the 1860 census schedule. Lawyer This time not only did the bullets fly. ferinq considerably is not seriously around the house where the two Benjamin Neal at age 45 was one of the but Hank Smith's recollection that "for injured. prisoners lay dead and still in irons. and older persons in Pinos Altos. He was also about five minutes it seemed a perfect A portion of the participants in the af­ Dr. Black was called and dressed the Attorney General in the Provisional hell between the screams of the woman fray. were examined by Judge Holt. Coulberts wounds. From some course Government of the Territory of Arizona, and the ~roans of wounded and dyin~ Justice of the Peace under the provi­ not clearly understood, the citizens soon which some residents of Tucson and men" might even be an understatement. sional Government. and bound over dispersed. leaving two gentlemen in Mesilla had formed in April of 1860.Judge Thanks to The Mesilla Times we have under $1.000 bonds each. to appear charge of the SUrviving prisoner and the Holt. the Justice of the Peace, apparent­ graphic accounts of not only the ~un­ before the District Court of said Govern­ bodies of his companions. In a few ly held his office under the same govern­ fight. the incarceration and charges made ment but the people, being dissatisfied minutes after. both the two men on ment. and references to District Court against the accused murderers. but the with the action of the Court. assembled guard came across the Plaza on the run. would refer to the provisional Territory abrupt conclusion one night almost two and elected 24 men as jurors, and tried stating that the prisoner said his wounds of Arizona rather than to New Mexico months later when the rough hand of them. Judge Lynch presiding. The follow­ pained him very much, and earnestly re­ Territory. frontier justice settled matters once and in~ was their verdict: quested them to make all haste and get Col. Sterten was A.G.Sterten, age 31. for all. Here from four issues of the 'We, the jury find the following ver­ the Doctor. On returning. Coulbert could a native of Norway. The Fort Webster newspaper. is the entire story . dict: When Walter Taylor and Charles not be found. Considerable search was where he sought protection was not the Hampton have recovered sufficiently in made for him that night. but no clue to post of that name from the early 1850S "Murder at Pino Alto" the estimation of their Physicians. to his whereabouts could be obtained. but an early reference to Fort Mclane. travel. they shall be banished from New The next morninq Dr. Black. who established at Apache Tejo. south of Mexico and Arizona. and ifagain caucht resides in a house adjoining , stated that present-day Bayard. New Mexico. in the "We are this week called upon to within their limits to be hung. Col. 'his lady' heard the prisoner pass down fall of 1860. 13 Sterten was a miner. but a chronicle a most sad and heart rending Sterten and Mr. Coulbert are requested the street by their house immediately few years earlier he along with James event - one which has cast a general to leave the country and not be caught after the guard left. begging. the while. Tevis and probably others in the Pinos gloom over our community. On Thurs­ aqainin either Arizona or New that his life might be spared: and that Altos community had joined William day night. Nov. 1St. at a Baile given in Mexico'. soon after she heard several shots fired Walker's filibusters in Nicaraqa. This was Pino Alto. Mr. Wm. Dack. a well known Mr. Sterten is now at fort Webster. further down the street. in the direction the source of their assumed military titles. and highly respected citizen. who has and claims protection from the Military. he was going. About 8 o'clock in the although nothing indicates that any were resided in our midst some time. was Mr. Coulbert escaped from those who morning a Mexican from 'California' officers at that time . Walker himself had almost instantly killed, and three other had him in charce. after sentence had stated that the prisoner was on that side been shot by a firing squad in Honduras men wounded - two probably mortal­ been passed upon him. He was fired at of the Acequia Madre, in a iecel. badly scarcely seven weeks before the fracas ly. The followlnq particulars of the affray twice and from his action it was suppos­ wounded. On repairing thence, he was in Pinos Altos: newspapers at the time we have gathered from Mr. Catlett who ed one of the balls took effect. but we found as stated. and althouoh sufferinq were fullof stories about his more recent was present at the trial: have not learned of his being seen from several severe wounds, and the exploits and then his execution. It appears that sometime last winter since . cold. was able to sit up and converse. Charles Hampton. a 29-year-old miner Mr. Dacz and Mr. Taylor had some trou- Thus. we have given a brief account He however appeared loth to say and a Virginian. shared a dwelling (# 1171) 2 with Neal and Sterten. The latter had William Dach, or Dicb as his name ap­ as a resultof a land dispute. Eloise Otero and on a railroad company's train that modest personal estates. but at $15 .000 pears to have been. was not listed in the remarried in 1886 to Alfred M. beroere. never. never went to Los Lunas or Hampton's estate made him one of the Pino Alto census and we Rnow very lit­ More children arrived at the Los Lunas Socorro: the "narrow-gauge Denver and wealthiest men in Pinos Altos. He. of tle about him. Hank Smith said that Dick home and in 1897 the family moved to Rio Grande Western Railroad"? Rather. course. did not live to enjoy it. Edward was a Superintendent of the Overland Santa Fe: there were now eight the standard-cuace Atchison. Topeka Coulbert was not wounded in the Mail Co.. but this was evidently not children. and Santa Fe Railway was the railroadof oriclnal exchance of \?unfire but he nar­ so. I~ His name is not found in At the age of twenty seven. Ninamar­ choice. the only choice for train travel rowlyescaped death twice in Mesilla. He references about thiscross-countrystage ried a u.s. Armyofficer. RawsonWarren: north or south through Los Lunas. One was a New Yorker. 27 years of a\?e. and line and he was not listed in the census the year was 1908. But Army life was not suspects that the couple would have a wheelwrtqht by trade. Perhaps he was returns for Overland Mail Co. personnel for Nina: the marriage lasted less than ~one north from LosLunas to Albuquer­ one of the Overland Mail Co. employees in Arizona or Dona Ana counties. from two years. In addition to her dissatisfac­ que. transferred perhaps. to another who left for the mines durinq June. 14 the newspapers we Rnow that Giles tion with life at Army posts. there may AT&Sf train heading north and east thouqh we are told that nearly all of Hawley was the Superintendent of the well have been another compelling towards Chicago. them recovered from \?old fever and sixth division. between EI Paso and Tuc­ reason to leave Lt. Warren. Nina later At one point in his lifeAlfredberqere returned to duty. 15 son. Dice was a 'well Rnown and hi\?hly confided to closefriends that Warrenhad had to have changed his name from Walter Taylor. who started it all. col­ respected citizen', at least to TheMesilla ..confessed to havinghad a common-law Berger to Ber~ere (he was born Alfred lected a bullet in the thi\?h but otherwise Times. and the touble started because of wife and two children in the Philippines Berger in England). This small point of came out of thisaffair better than anyone a grudge that Taylor had nursed since the at the time he married her" (page 65). history is not explained. I have heard except for the man in the blue shirt. previouswinter. over something that had Throughout the rest of her lifeshe re­ stories that Mr. Berger thoucht that the Taylor wasanother miner.from Maryland happened at Mesilla. The fact that three tained the Warren surname. combining protestant sounding berqere would be and 31 years old. He shared a house in individualsbesides Taylorused DicR for it in the traditional Spanish way into more welcomed by the Roman Catholic PinosAltoswith Jacob Snively. but made target practice suggests that there was Otero-Warren. For the rest of her life she Spanish families of New Mexico. himselfscarce after November 1St. Hank more to it than this. The jurors in Pinos allowedthe world to believe that she was On pages 56 and 57 there are

Smitih 16 said that Taylor was laid up for Altos and Judge Colt in Mesilla. who a widow: Rawson Warren. however. did references to the "governors mansion" about six months with his lee: another rendered the final verdict, seemed to not die until 1942. Public life. family and and the "executive mansion on writer said that he escaped to Old Mex­ agree with the newspaper that the whole community involvement occupied her Washington Street (now the site of the ico and was thouqht to be living near affair 'was premeditated and accomplish­ from then onward. FirstInterstate BanR building)": the time

Corralitos. 17 ed by heartless men'. She had a most productive life: a is 1902 and 1903. While the official gover­ The newspaper didn't identify the About this time the first quartz lode leader in the Suffreqate movement in nors/executive residence was in the Baile room. which accordinc to Hank (the Pacific mine) was located and in­ New Mexico; the first woman to be Palace of the Governors around the cor­ Smith was Bill Thatcher's Fandanco and dividual violence faded as the miners' at­ Superintendent of PublicSchools in San­ ner facing Palace Avenue and the Santa Gambling Hall. At 25.W.H . Thatcher was tention shifted from palcers to more ta Fe County: the firstwoman from New Fe Plaza. it is a reality that then gover­ the younqest of anyone in this melee. He capital-intensive and lessfree-for-all hard Mexico to be nominated for high office nor Miguel Otero used hisown residence \?ave his occupation as 'Gentleman' to rock mining. Within a year nearly all of (the Republican party nominee for the as the "executive residence". Ideally the census-taker. althouqh he was of the miners were gone for a time. drawn U.S. House of Representatives in 1922): located just a half block away from the modest means ($1.000 estate). Thatcher away by the unfolding of the Civil War. Santa Fe County director for the Office old palace was the former commanding evidently had a Rnack for saying the In time Pinos Altos would boom again. of PriceAdministration (1942- 1945); etc.. officers residentfor Fort Marcy. It certain­ wrong thin\? but he was lucky that - fPW etc. In 1959 she was named by the Gover­ ly offered more residential space. a more Charles Hampton's aim was poor and the nor an "Admiral" in New Mexico's Bi­ gracious entrance and more sumptuous bullet missed. Partisan Navy. These accomplishments accommodations than those available in and all the other New Mexico services the ancient Palace. Governor Otero did and business involvements are detailed use the Palace of the Governors as his Notes throughout the bOOR by author Charlotte official offices. 1. National Archives Microfilm 8. The San Francisco Herald. Nov. Whaley. I must inform Ms. Whaley that Will Publications. Microcopy 653 27, 1860. p. 2. quoting The NinaOtero-Warren was the matriarch and Helen Shuster filed for homestead (1967). Population Schedules of Mesilla Times. Nov. 15. 1860. of a family of brothers. sisters. nieces and land for 640 acres. more or less. not for the Eighth Census of the 9. Daily Alta California (San nephews. so many of whom achieved 160 acres (page 135). United States. 1860. Roll 71 2. francisco. Ca.). Dec. 14. 1860. prominence within their fields of Lastly. on page 176 we are told that New Mexico. Vol. 1. p. 1. quoting The Mesilla Times. endeavor. These siblings and their "Emperor Hirohito surrendered aboard 2. Rocky Mountain News. Aug. Nov. 29. 1860. children loved her. were awed by her. the battleship Missouri in TORYo Bay on feared her wrath, perhaps envied her, or. September 2. 1945 . . ." He did not. I 29, 1860. p. 1; The San 10. Santa Fe Gazette. Jan. 19. 1861. as I read in the book even resented don't suspect that he was even invited Francisco Herald. Sept. 8. 1860, quoting The Mesilla Times. Jan. p.3. 3. 1861. her. to attend the party. Rather the Japanese But perhaps I am telling too much. Foreign Minister signed the surrended 3. The Ranchero (Corpus Christi. 11. B. Sacks. Be It Enacted: The TX.). Nov. 3. 1860. p. 2. You should read the bOOR and find out document for the government of Creation of the Territory of who Nina Otero-Warren was and what Japan. 4. James H. Tevis. Arizona in the Arizona (Phoenix. Arizona she meant to New Mexico. I would like Ms.Whaley.aside from my concerns. '505 (Albuquerque, University of Historical foundation:' 1964). to \?ive you one quote from the bOOR has given us a good. charming. detailed New Mexico Press: 1954) p. 12. Microcopy 653 Roll 712. that Ninamade in 1931. just after her last 10012 at a fine lady. A lady that nephew 198. 13. Robert W. Frazer. Forts of the term as county school superintendent Dr. Bergere Kenny described as "very 5. The Mesilla Times. Nov. 1. 1860. West (Norman. University of had ended: "I am wondering if this pro­ \?racious. courtly" (page 186). p.2. Oklahoma Press: 1965) p. 100. gressive and advanced republic has still -fPC time and patience for charm?. . . Ido not 6. Hattie M. Anderson. editor. 14. Daily Alta California (San "Mining and Indian Fighting in Francisco. CA.). July 25. 1860. believe there is an Anglo who does not feel that unless he takesthiscountry and Arizona and New Mexico. p. 1. 1858-1861 ; Memoirs of Hank the people to his heart -loving it. scars 15. The Ranchero (Corpus Christi. Smith". Panhandle-Plains and all - that he is very happy among Tx.), Aug. 4. 1860. p.2. Historical Review, Vol. 1 (1928). us. The moment he begins to resent any pp. 92-93. R.S. Allen. "Pinos 16. Anderson. "Memoirs of Hanh aspect of his life. we still remain foreign Altos. New Mexico". New Smith". p. 93. to him" (page Ill). Mexico Historical Review 23 (4) 17. Allen. "Pinos Altos". p. 305. Ms. Whaley tells of one trip made by (Oct. 1948), pp. 304-305. 18. Anderson. "Memoirs of Hank Ninaand her sistersby ship and airplane to Cuba and Mexicoafter World War II. 7. Ssnte-Fe Gazette. Nov. 24. Smith". p. 93. I recall a few other trips taken annually 1860. p. 2. quoting The Mesilla by "those fabulous Ber~ere sisters" ac­ Times. Nov. 8 1860. companied. of course. by "Queen Bee" ••• Nina. Theywould gather inSanta Fe. take \?reying red haired woman emerges: the train to EI Paso and. burdened with BOOKS: all is correct except "tall". Although her luggage and provisions, board the EI NINA OTEDO-WADDEN stature was always tall. her actual size Presidente Juarez destined for Mexico ofSANTA FE was in fact almost tiny. Author Whaley City. Upon entering their compartments tells us that Nina was "tiny" and "never they took out their sponqes and clorox. by Charlotte Whaley weighed more than 100 pounds" Published by and proceeded to scrub the compart­ University of New Mexico Press (page 198). ments from top to bottom. Theycarried Nina Otero-Warren 1930. Albuquerque. N.M. 871 31 Who was Nina Otero-Warren? Born enough provisions to get them to Mex­ ca. 1994 Maria Adeline Emilia Otero (but known ico, D.F.: they would not venture into the (Museum of New Mexico #30263) Reviewed by fohn P. Conran to all as Nina) in LosLunas. NewMexico dining car. The process was repeated on on October 23. 1881 into a prominent the return trip. New Mexico Heritage I have just finished reading a book NewMexico family that dates itsheritage I do have a few factural concerns. Preservation Week, about a lady of unrelenting pride in her in NewMexicoback to earlySpanish oc­ however.and they begin on page 29with Spanish heritage and her New Mexico cupancy days. The story of Nina's im­ the details of the honeymoon following May 13 - 21 birthright. A lady. who I instantly liked. mediate family begins when Manuel the weddinq of Alfred berqere and Eloisa Eventsfor the week are co-sponsored grew to admire and withwhom Ibecame Basilio Otero crossed the Rio Grande to Luna Otero. The newlyweds left Los by the NewMexico Historic Preservation a friend. It was a friendship that was cut Mary Eloisa Luna. Nina and two boys Lunas by train for Chicago. But the Division and others throughout the state. short by her death in 1965. were the progeny of that marriage. Pullman car in which the couple are A flyer of events is available from the When my mind recalls Nina Otero­ While the children were still very traveling breaks down "near Socorro". Division at 228 East Palace Avenue. Warren. a stately. rather tall. aristocratic. young. Mr. Otero was Rilled in a gun fight Whywould they head south to go north. Santa fe, NM 87503. D

3 BOOKS: cowboys to look around for more pro­ Lee Myers (continued from page 1) Directory of Cultural saic employment. together at ports in California and Resource Education THE LAST COWBOYS: Brook 's investigation of her thirty-two Japan. Pro~rams CLOSING THE OPEN RANGE, subjects demonstrated that they were a Now on sale! Mr. Myers first moved to New Mexico IN SOUTHEASTERN remarkably homogenous ~roup. With in 1940 when he was employed as a The National Park Service and the Na­ few exceptions. they had been born to NEW MEXICO, 18905 - 19205 machinest for the United States Potash tional Council for Preservation Education farm families in Texas or other southern announce the sale of the newly revised by Connie Brooks Company in carlsbad. He also started his states. married. and raised children of and expanded Directory of Cultural Published by own business. the Carlsbad Grinding their own. After leavinq cowboy life. they Resource Education Programs from the University of New Mexico Press Works in 1945 . resided in permanent homes. eaqerlv Government Prlntlnc Office for only Albuquerque. N.M. 87131 In 1973 Lee Myers was elected a pursued economic advancement. and $6.50. 1993 fellow in the Company of Military attempted to build communities similar Tables. maps. notes. appendixes Historians. He was a charter member of The Directory: index . x i. 129 pages to those they had known previously. the Council on America's Military Past • Is the only resource of its kind. Many became active in churches. Reviewed by John O. Baxter (CAMP) from which he received the This too-pace booklet identifies schools. and local politics. Thus. Brooks Wiliam V. Carter Award for outstandinq advanced training opportunities What happened to the hired hands presents a group portrait that effective­ service in historic journalism in 1976. He related to the preservation and after the big. open-range cattle outfits ly shatters the myth of cowboys as loners of cultural resources was inducted into the Hall of Fame of the rnanaqement operatinq on the Staked Plains went out and misfits. unable to fit into conven­ in the United States. Dona Ana County Historical Society in of business? According to Connie Brooks. tional society. 1989. The Historical Society of New Mex­ • Contains detailed information many cowpunchers simple unsaddled Her research also debunks other about cultural resource manage­ ico presented him with the Edger Lee "Old Paint. " took off their spurs. and fallacies. such as the belief that true ment proqrams within the fields Hewitt Award in 1991 for his longtime in­ settled down in the same reqion where cowboys insisted on workin~ horseback. of anthropology. landscape terest and contributions to the military they had worked for the cattle kings. reiusinq any tasks that required them to preservation. and historic history of New Mexico. How they menaced to change careers is dismount. In fact. the men considered in preservation. Mr. Myers wrote over fifty published the subject of her book. The Last this book showed surprising versatility. • Offers a solid samplinq of the dif­ articles. most of them on aspects of Cowboys: Closing the Open Range in usually adaptinq to ground-level occupa­ ferent types of curriculum. pro­ Southwestern military history. His "Fort Southeastern New Mexico. 18905 - 19205. tions without so much as a discouraging vides common definitions. iden­ Stanton. New Mexico: The Military Years. In this intriQuin~ little volume. Brooks word. Hopinq for security throuqh land tifies additional resources - all in 1855-1896" was published in 1993 by the a hghly readable format. examines the lives of thirty-two cowboys ownership, many of them actually Lincoln County Historical Society. Order the Directory of Cultural who ended their ranee-riding days in the became sodbusters. clalminq 160 acre A Military honor ~uard from Fort Bliss Resource Education Programs. with reqion that became Lea County in 1917 . homesteads on the public domain where was at his graveside service. It seemed checks or money orders payable to To be included in her sample. each they raised crops and ran a few livestock. hi~hly appropriate for historian Leland Superintendent of Documents. sent by waddy must have participated in post­ Others found jobs as butchers. Myers that the soldiers in the honor mail to: Civil War trail drives north from Texas or carpenters. railway workers. teachers. or guard were from the srd Armored Superintendent of Documents worked for major open-range ranches. lawmen. A few were able to establish ex­ such as the XII in Texas. or Joh n Calvary. whose members served in New P.O. Box 371954 tensive ranchlnq operations of their own. Pittsbuq~h. Chisum's "Iinqlebob" in New Mexico. Mexico before and after the Civil War. PA 15250-7954 During interviews conducted in later Stock number: 0224-005-01146-3 Also. the thirty-two subjects must have years. most of them indicated that they resided in the Lea County area lon e attached no special importance to their We are indebted to the Las Cruces enough to have been enumerated in cowboy experiences and had always SUN-NEWS and the November federal census records. the author's thouqht of themselves as simply being 1994 issue of Hellootem for much primary source for bioqraphical inform a­ Cultural Resource working men. of this information. -JPC tion. The results of her study disprove a Carefully researched. The Last Traintng Directory number of popular misconceptions con­ Cowboys is a welcome addition to re­ Available Free! ceminq cowboys and their way of life. cent studies concerntnq various asp ects As Brooks has noted in her opening of the livestock industry. To supplement • The National Park Service is pleased chapter. settlement came late to the her text. Brooks has included some to announce the availability of copies of Staked Plains. a vast ~rasslands situated useful tables and three well-drawn maps Architectural the Cultural Resource Training Directory. Jan. - Dec. • 1995 (formerly called the in west Texas and southeastern New Mex­ that will assist those unfamiliar with Lea Artifact Directory of Training Opportunities in ico . Lack of water discouraced perma­ County geography. In an appendix. she nent occupation until the introduction Collections Cultural Resource Managemen t (Sh ort has also provided thumbnail biographies Term).) Compiled by Emogene A. bevttt of windmills after 1880 allowed cattlemen Survey of the thirty-two men whose life stories and Dahlia V. Hernandez. this directory to graze livestock on the public domain. form the substance of her book. Cert ain­ In addition to the directories describ­ is a reqular feature of the CRM bulletin. As the herds moved in. ranchers placed ly. readers with an interest in ranchinc or the professional magazine published by their employees in scatte red line camps ed in Column' 4. another publi cation has southeastern New Mexico history will been released by the National Park Ser­ the National Park Service to promote that later gave way to more substantial and maintain hi~h standards for preser­ welcome this volume. - JOB vice. Second Lives: A Survey ofArchitec­ headquarters. In 1885 . a small communi­ ving and manaolnq cultural resources. ty known as Momument sprang up ne ar tural Artifact Collections in the United The es-paee directory provides infor­ an important sprinq on the Hat Ranch. States, was edited by Emogene A. Bevin. mation on 270 workshops or courses. and has an introduction by Charles E. Durinq the next twenty-five years. other Jerry L. Ro~ers These courses provide units of learning Peterson. over a relatively short period of time. towns. including Lovington. Hobbs. and SucceedsJohnCooR Jal. originated to serve the bi~ outfits and The focus for the survey has been the from a few hours to a few days: the an lncreasinq number of newly-arrived At Santa Fe three-dimensional parts of a buildinq that longest being 6 weeks. The workshops and courses cover a homesteaders. Despite the ~radual in­ have been salvaged for study or for Jerry L. Rogers has moved from his research. wide variety of topics and disciplines in­ crease. population remained sparse: in cludinq: anthropoloqy. archeology and 1910. only 1.500 families resided in those position of 11 years as Keeper of the Na­ The survey has resulted in valuable tional Register of Historic Places and resources of architectural artifac ts on architecture as these fields address parts of Eddy and Chaves counties soon preservation concerns. oral history. Associate Director of Cultural Resources display. but mostly in protected storage. to be separated into Lea County. By that museums and related specialities. preser­ but which can be made available to the time. open-ranee ranchinq was already at the National Park Service to become vation law. etc. etc. on the wane. which forced former director of the Park Service's south­ researchers as needed. Copies of the directory are availabale western region, based in Santa Fe. N.M. The survey is available from the u.s. at not cost. while supplies last. by call­ Ro~ers succeeds John COOR. who has Government Printing Office. Superinten­ ing 202-343-9561 or by writing: Ms. bevltt. been named director of the Rocky Moun­ dent of Documents. Mail Shop. SSOP . National Park Service. (424). P.O. Box This newspaper is published by tain reqion. 0 Washington, D.C. 20402-9328. 0 37127. Washington. D.C. 20013-7127.0 HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF NEW MEXICO P.O . Box 1912 Santa Pe, New Mexico 87504 EDITOR FROM; . r ; Non-Profit Organization John P. Conron 40 n.s, POSTAGE PAID OFFICERS La Cronica de Nuevo MeXICO No. Santa Fe, New Mexico John W. Grassham - President Robert J. Torrez - rst Vice President 87501 Darlis Mill er - snd Vice President HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF NEW MEXICO Permit No. 95 And res J. Sequra - secretary Cathy Ru~n - Treasurer Post Office Box 1912 DIRECTORS John O. Baxter santa Fe, New Mexico 87504 Susan Berry Thom as E. Chavez John Conro n Richard N. Ellis TO: Elvis E. Flemi nQ Austin Hooever MarQaret E. McDonald Serials Department Riley Part!er r3t~ne.\rAa AQnesa Reeve 1 Li brAar"y Carl D. Sheppard David H. Townsend University of New Mexico Robert White Albuquerque, NM 87131-1466 John P. Wilson Spencer Wilson The opinio ns expressedin siQned articles are not necessarily those of the Historical 0' !> Society of New Mexico. Menti on of a pro­ duct. service or prof essional in these col­ umn s is not to be considered an endorse­ ment of that product. service or professional 0' i) by the Historical Society ot New Mexico.

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