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Significance of Mineralogy in the Development of Flowsheets for Processing Uranium Ores
JfipwK LEACHING TIME REAGENTS TEMPERATURE FLOCCULANT CLARITY AREA COUNTER CURRENT DECANTATION It 21 21 J^^LJt TECHNICAL REPORTS SERIES No.19 6 Significance of Mineralogy in the Development of Flowsheets for Processing Uranium Ores \W# INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, VIENNA, 1980 SIGNIFICANCE OF MINERALOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF FLOWSHEETS FOR PROCESSING URANIUM ORES The following States are Members of the International Atomic Energy Agency: AFGHANISTAN HOLY SEE PHILIPPINES ALBANIA HUNGARY POLAND ALGERIA ICELAND PORTUGAL ARGENTINA INDIA QATAR AUSTRALIA INDONESIA ROMANIA AUSTRIA IRAN SAUDI ARABIA BANGLADESH IRAQ SENEGAL BELGIUM IRELAND SIERRA LEONE BOLIVIA ISRAEL SINGAPORE BRAZIL ITALY SOUTH AFRICA BULGARIA IVORY COAST SPAIN BURMA JAMAICA SRI LANKA BYELORUSSIAN SOVIET JAPAN SUDAN SOCIALIST REPUBLIC JORDAN SWEDEN CANADA KENYA SWITZERLAND CHILE KOREA, REPUBLIC OF SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC COLOMBIA KUWAIT THAILAND COSTA RICA LEBANON TUNISIA CUBA LIBERIA TURKEY CYPRUS LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA UGANDA CZECHOSLOVAKIA LIECHTENSTEIN UKRAINIAN SOVIET SOCIALIST DEMOCRATIC KAMPUCHEA LUXEMBOURG REPUBLIC DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S MADAGASCAR UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF KOREA MALAYSIA REPUBLICS DENMARK MALI UNITED ARAB EMIRATES DOMINICAN REPUBLIC MAURITIUS UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT ECUADOR MEXICO BRITAIN AND NORTHERN EGYPT MONACO IRELAND EL SALVADOR MONGOLIA UNITED REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA MOROCCO CAMEROON FINLAND NETHERLANDS UNITED REPUBLIC OF FRANCE NEW ZEALAND TANZANIA GABON NICARAGUA UNITED STATES OF AMERICA GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC NIGER URUGUAY GERMANY, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA VENEZUELA GHANA NORWAY VIET NAM GREECE PAKISTAN YUGOSLAVIA GUATEMALA PANAMA ZAIRE HAITI PARAGUAY ZAMBIA PERU The Agency's Statute was approved on 23 October 1956 by the Conference on the Statute of the IAEA held at United Nations Headquarters, New York; it entered into force on 29 July 1957. -
A Study of Some Methods of Concentrating Uranium and Radium in Carnotite Ore
Scholars' Mine Masters Theses Student Theses and Dissertations 1932 A study of some methods of concentrating uranium and radium in carnotite ore H. L. Gibbs Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/masters_theses Part of the Chemical Engineering Commons Department: Recommended Citation Gibbs, H. L., "A study of some methods of concentrating uranium and radium in carnotite ore" (1932). Masters Theses. 4815. https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/masters_theses/4815 This thesis is brought to you by Scholars' Mine, a service of the Missouri S&T Library and Learning Resources. This work is protected by U. S. Copyright Law. Unauthorized use including reproduction for redistribution requires the permission of the copyright holder. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A STUDY OF SOl.ill T,::ETHODS O:B" COl1C}~;TTRl~TnTG TJP"':~..1TTIJL! ;:J·TD RIillIOIJ IN C.AR~OTIT!~ ORE. by lliJ10LD L. GIBBS A THESIS submitted to the faculty of the SCI-TOOL OF MINES AND 1~'IETIJ:.,LURGY OF THE m·...lVERSITY OJ!' I'~IaSOURI in partial fulfillment of the work required for the Degree of' Ivll~T:ER OF SCIENCE n~ C:EIa1IC.AL ENGnmERnTG Rolla, ~~iissour1 1 9 3 2 Al'proved by f.A.J. -,. ~ Acknowledgments • • • • • • • 1 Object • • ••• • • • 2 Introduction • • • 2 Description of the Ore • • • 3 Examination o~ the Ore • • • • • 3 Methods of Analysis • • • • • • 7 Flocculation Tests • • • g Flotation of Carnotite • • • • • II Results of Flotation Testa • • • • 15 Recovery of Radium :rrom Leached Ore by Flotation • • • • 18 Summary -
Roscoelite K(V ; Al; Mg)2Alsi3o10(OH)2 C 2001 Mineral Data Publishing, Version 1.2 ° Crystal Data: Monoclinic
3+ Roscoelite K(V ; Al; Mg)2AlSi3O10(OH)2 c 2001 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1.2 ° Crystal Data: Monoclinic. Point Group: 2=m: As minute scales, in druses, rosettes, or fan-shaped groups; ¯brous and in felted aggregates; as impregnations, massive. Physical Properties: Cleavage: Perfect on 001 . Hardness = Soft. D(meas.) = 2.92{2.94 D(calc.) = [2.89] f g Optical Properties: Transparent to translucent. Color: Dark clove-brown, greenish brown to dark greenish brown. Luster: Pearly. Optical Class: Biaxial ({). Pleochroism: X = green-brown; Y = Z = olive-green. ® = 1.59{1.610 ¯ = 1.63{1.685 ° = 1.64{1.704 2V(meas.) = 24.5±{39.5± Cell Data: Space Group: C2=c: a = 5.26 b = 9.09 c = 10.25 ¯ = 101:0± Z = 2 X-ray Powder Pattern: Paradox Valley, Colorado, USA. 10.0 (100), 4.54 (80), 3.35 (80), 2.60 (80), 1.52 (60), 3.66 (50), 3.11 (50) Chemistry: (1) SiO2 47.82 Al2O3 12.60 V2O5 19.94 FeO 3.30 MgO 2.43 CaO trace Na2O 0.33 K2O 8.03 + H2O 5.13 Total 99.58 (1) Stuckslager mine, California, USA. Polymorphism & Series: Forms a series with muscovite; 1M polytype. Mineral Group: Mica group. Occurrence: An early-stage gangue mineral in low-temperature epithermal Au-Ag-Te deposits; from the oxidized portions of low-temperature sedimentary U-V ores. Association: Quartz, pyrite, carbonates, °uorite, gold (Au-Ag-Te mineral association); corvusite, hewettite, carnotite, tyuyamunite (U-V mineral association). Distribution: In the USA, from the Stuckslager mine, Lotus, El Dorado Co., California; in Colorado, from Cripple Creek, Teller Co., La Plata district, La Plata Co., Magnolia district, Boulder Co., the Gateway district, Mesa Co., in the Uravan and Paradox, Bull Canyon, and Slick Rock districts, in Montrose, San Miguel, and Dolores Cos. -
Presentation Materials
Annual General Meeting 25 November 2016 Creative Resources Leadership Overview § Lepidico is a well funded ASX-listed lithium exploration and development company with an experienced management team § Lepidico’s strategic objective is to become a sustainable lithium producer with a portfolio of assets and pipeline of projects § Lepidico’s exploration initiatives largely focus on hard rock minerals that prior to L-Max® were not traditional sources of lithium § Lepidico is differentiated by having successfully produced lithium carbonate and a suite of by-products from non-traditional hard rock lithium bearing minerals using its patented L-Max® process technology § Lepidico provides exposure to a portfolio of lithium exploration assets through its wholly owned properties, JV’s and IP licence agreements in Asia, Australia, Canada, Europe and South America § At 30 September 2016 Lepidico had A$3.0M in cash and no debt 2 New sources of lithium § Micas and phosphates have been largely overlooked as a source of lithium as no commercially viable process was available to extract the lithium and process through to lithium chemicals prior to L-Max® § Lithium bearing micas Lepidolite and Zinnwaldite contain up to 5% Li2O and like spodumene, are hosted in pegmatites § Lepidolite and Zinnwaldite often occur with tin and tantalum bearing minerals as well as with spodumene § Lithium phosphates such as Amblygonite contain up to 10% Li2O Lepidolite (light purple) Zinnwaldite (dArk grey) Ambygonite/MontebrAsite K(Li,Al,Rb)3(Al,Si)4O10(F,OH)2 KLiFeAl(AlSi3)O10(OH,F)2 -
Uraninite Alteration in an Oxidizing Environment and Its Relevance to the Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel
TECHNICAL REPORT 91-15 Uraninite alteration in an oxidizing environment and its relevance to the disposal of spent nuclear fuel Robert Finch, Rodney Ewing Department of Geology, University of New Mexico December 1990 SVENSK KÄRNBRÄNSLEHANTERING AB SWEDISH NUCLEAR FUEL AND WASTE MANAGEMENT CO BOX 5864 S-102 48 STOCKHOLM TEL 08-665 28 00 TELEX 13108 SKB S TELEFAX 08-661 57 19 original contains color illustrations URANINITE ALTERATION IN AN OXIDIZING ENVIRONMENT AND ITS RELEVANCE TO THE DISPOSAL OF SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL Robert Finch, Rodney Ewing Department of Geology, University of New Mexico December 1990 This report concerns a study which was conducted for SKB. The conclusions and viewpoints presented in the report are those of the author (s) and do not necessarily coincide with those of the client. Information on SKB technical reports from 1977-1978 (TR 121), 1979 (TR 79-28), 1980 (TR 80-26), 1981 (TR 81-17), 1982 (TR 82-28), 1983 (TR 83-77), 1984 (TR 85-01), 1985 (TR 85-20), 1986 (TR 86-31), 1987 (TR 87-33), 1988 (TR 88-32) and 1989 (TR 89-40) is available through SKB. URANINITE ALTERATION IN AN OXIDIZING ENVIRONMENT AND ITS RELEVANCE TO THE DISPOSAL OF SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL Robert Finch Rodney Ewing Department of Geology University of New Mexico Submitted to Svensk Kämbränslehantering AB (SKB) December 21,1990 ABSTRACT Uraninite is a natural analogue for spent nuclear fuel because of similarities in structure (both are fluorite structure types) and chemistry (both are nominally UOJ. Effective assessment of the long-term behavior of spent fuel in a geologic repository requires a knowledge of the corrosion products produced in that environment. -
A Crystal.Chemical Investigation of Alpine Gadolinite 135
LN Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 30, pp. 1n-136 (1993) A CRYSTAL.CHEMICALINVESTIGATION OFALPINE GADOLINITE FRANCESCODEMARTIN Istinto di ChimicaStrumtristica Inorganica" Universit degli Studi, Via G. Venezian21, I-20133 Milan' Italy TULLIOPILATI CentroCNR per Io Studiodelle Relazioni fra Strunurae ReattivitChimica, via Golgi 19,I-20133 Milan' Italy VALERIADIELLA Centro CNRdi Sndio per la Stratigrafia e Petrografiadelle AIpi Centrali, via Bonicelli 23, I-20133Milan' Italy PAOLO GENTILE AND CARLO M. GRAMACCIOLI Dipanimentodi ScienzedellaTerra, Ilniversit degli Studi,via Bonicelli 23, I-20133Milnn' Italy ABSTRACI Gadolinite-(Y) specimensfrom variouslocalities in the Alps havebeen examined by electronmicroprobe and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. tn generat,dysprosium is the most abundantrare-earth, although a few samplescontain approximately equal ulnount,of Dy undYb-,andin oneinstance, Gdpredominates.Incontrasttomanynon-Alpineoccunences, mostof these specimens show only lirnited amountsof the lighter REE.There is an almostconstant presence of calcium (up to 4 wt7o.CaO' and.possibly twice thai amountfor morequestiorible samples;;iron is often markedlydeficient with respectto the tleqretlcal formula, and in ar leastone case (Glogstafelberg), the materialshould more properly be ialled hingganite-(Y)(4.0 wrToFeO). In somespecimens, a silnificant substituiionof S fJi Be (up to about4 .Z wtUoUrOll canbededuced-from crystal-structure data, on the basisof linear inteipolation of the measuredBe-O''6ond lengfhswith reip".t to other gadolinite-groupminerals. This substitutionis more exteisive for specimenshigh in Ca and low in Fe, and which thereforegrade toward datolite. No evidencefor replacementof Si by B hasbeen iound. Minor amountsof thorium (up to 0.4 wtToThO2)commonly are present' and uranium(0.3 wtVoUO) was found in one specimen.As for xenotimeand monazite,the behaviorbf Y is not uniquely determinedby the ionic radius,some specimensbeing especiallyemiched in this elementwith respectto the middle-heavyrare earths(up to 4 I .5 wt%oY 2O) . -
Experiment on Charging an Electric Vehicle Lifepo4 Battery After Over-Discharge
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL "MACHINES. TECHNOLOGIES. MATERIALS" WEB ISSN 1314-507X; PRINT ISSN 1313-0226 Experiment on charging an electric vehicle LiFePO4 battery after over-discharge Nikolay Pavlov*, Diana Dacova Technical University - Sofia, Bulgaria [email protected] Abstract: The efficiency and technical and economic properties of the electric cars depend mainly on the rechargeable traction battery. LiFePo4 batteries belongs to the lithium-ion type and has a number of advantages such as high capacity, long life cycle, resistance to fire at high temperatures or shock. They have safe and stable over-charging and over-discharging performances. This paper describes the process of charging the individual cells of an electric car battery after their over-discharge. Keywords: LITHIUM IRON PHOSPHATE (LiFePO4) BATTERY, OVER-DISCHARGE, CHARGING, ELECTRIC VEHICLE 1. Introduction the battery does not ignite, explode or smoke. The authors of this publication have also performed experiments on over-discharged Early vehicles were created to meet the transport needs in the cells with high-current charging, using the on-board charger of the settlements. Due to low speeds and low mileage, in the middle of electric car. In this experiment, some of the cells deformed the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century the use of electric (swollen). cars and cars with internal combustion engine was equal, but social In this work the process of charging the battery of an electric and technical factors gave an advantage in the development of cars car after over-discharging of the individual cells is described. [1]. The harmful effects of emissions from internal combustion Charge experiments of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery engines, the reduction of fossil fuel resources and improvements in have been performed on an electric car. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2005/0044778A1 Orr (43) Pub
US 20050044778A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2005/0044778A1 Orr (43) Pub. Date: Mar. 3, 2005 (54) FUEL COMPOSITIONS EMPLOYING Publication Classification CATALYST COMBUSTION STRUCTURE (51) Int. CI.' ........ C10L 1/28; C1OL 1/24; C1OL 1/18; (76) Inventor: William C. Orr, Denver, CO (US) C1OL 1/12; C1OL 1/26 Correspondence Address: (52) U.S. Cl. ................. 44/320; 44/435; 44/378; 44/388; HOGAN & HARTSON LLP 44/385; 44/444; 44/443 ONE TABOR CENTER, SUITE 1500 1200 SEVENTEENTH ST DENVER, CO 80202 (US) (57) ABSTRACT (21) Appl. No.: 10/722,127 Metallic vapor phase fuel compositions relating to a broad (22) Filed: Nov. 24, 2003 Spectrum of pollution reducing, improved combustion per Related U.S. Application Data formance, and enhanced Stability fuel compositions for use in jet, aviation, turbine, diesel, gasoline, and other combus (63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 08/986,891, tion applications include co-combustion agents preferably filed on Dec. 8, 1997, now Pat. No. 6,652,608. including trimethoxymethylsilane. Patent Application Publication Mar. 3, 2005 US 2005/0044778A1 FIGURE 1 CALCULATING BUNSEN BURNER LAMINAR FLAME VELOCITY (LFV) OR BURNING VELOCITY (BV) CONVENTIONAL FLAME LUMINOUS FLAME Method For Calculating Bunsen Burner Laminar Flame Velocity (LHV) or Burning Velocity Requires Inside Laminar Cone Angle (0) and The Gas Velocity (Vg). LFV = A, SIN 2 x VG US 2005/0044778A1 Mar. 3, 2005 FUEL COMPOSITIONS EMPLOYING CATALYST Chart of Elements (CAS version), and mixture, wherein said COMBUSTION STRUCTURE element or derivative compound, is combustible, and option 0001) The present invention is a CIP of my U.S. -
Iidentilica2tion and Occurrence of Uranium and Vanadium Identification and Occurrence of Uranium and Vanadium Minerals from the Colorado Plateaus
IIdentilica2tion and occurrence of uranium and Vanadium Identification and Occurrence of Uranium and Vanadium Minerals From the Colorado Plateaus c By A. D. WEEKS and M. E. THOMPSON A CONTRIBUTION TO THE GEOLOGY OF URANIUM GEOLOGICAL S U R V E Y BULL E TIN 1009-B For jeld geologists and others having few laboratory facilities.- This report concerns work done on behalf of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission and is published with the permission of the Commission. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1954 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE- INTERIOR FRED A. SEATON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan. Director Reprint, 1957 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Ofice Washington 25, D. C. - Price 25 cents (paper cover) CONTENTS Page 13 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 19 20 21 21 22 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 29 29 30 30 31 32 33 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 , 40 41 42 42 1v CONTENTS Page 46 47 48 49 50 50 51 52 53 54 54 55 56 56 57 58 58 59 62 TABLES TABLE1. Optical properties of uranium minerals ______________________ 44 2. List of mine and mining district names showing county and State________________________________________---------- 60 IDENTIFICATION AND OCCURRENCE OF URANIUM AND VANADIUM MINERALS FROM THE COLORADO PLATEAUS By A. D. WEEKSand M. E. THOMPSON ABSTRACT This report, designed to make available to field geologists and others informa- tion obtained in recent investigations by the Geological Survey on identification and occurrence of uranium minerals of the Colorado Plateaus, contains descrip- tions of the physical properties, X-ray data, and in some instances results of chem- ical and spectrographic analysis of 48 uranium arid vanadium minerals. -
Environmental Exposure of Thallium and Potential Health Risk in an Area of High Natural Concentrations of Thallium: Southwest Guizhou, China
Environmental Exposure and Health 367 Environmental exposure of thallium and potential health risk in an area of high natural concentrations of thallium: southwest Guizhou, China T. Xiao1, L. He1,3, J. Guha2, J. Lin1 & J. Chen1 1State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, People’s Republic of China 2Sciences de la Terre, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Canada 3Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract Little is known in the literature about thallium (Tl) exposure from naturally occurring Tl contamination. This paper draws attention to the potential health risk posed by high concentrations of naturally occurring Tl in the environment. The inhabitants of a rural area of southwest Guizhou Province, China, reside within a natural Tl accumulated environment resulting from the Tl-rich sulfide mineralization, and they face a severe Tl exposure in their daily lives. The daily intake 1.9 mg Tl from the consumed food crops was estimated for a local adult inhabitant of Lanmuchang. High Tl concentrations were detected in urines of the local residents. Measured urinary Tl levels are as high as 2.51-2,668 µg/L, surpassing the accepted world urine Tl level <1 mg/L for “non-exposed” humans. However, there is a positive relationship between the extent of Tl exposure from Tl in soil and crops in the immediate environment and the levels of Tl detected in urine. This study has been able to identify that the elevated urinary Tl levels are mainly attributable to Tl accumulation in locally grown vegetables acquiring Tl from natural sources in the local soils. -
Lithium 2017
2017 Minerals Yearbook LITHIUM [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. Department of the Interior September 2020 U.S. Geological Survey Lithium By Brian W. Jaskula Domestic survey data and tables were prepared by Annie Hwang, statistical assistant. In the United States, one lithium brine operation with an cobalt oxide and 2,160 kg of lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum associated lithium carbonate plant operated in Silver Peak, oxide (Defense Logistics Agency Strategic Materials, 2017). At NV. Domestic and imported lithium carbonate, lithium yearend 2017, the NDS held 540 kg of lithium-cobalt oxide and chloride, and lithium hydroxide were consumed directly 1,620 kg of lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum oxide. in industrial applications and used as raw materials for downstream lithium compounds. In 2017, lithium consumption Production in the United States was estimated to be equivalent to The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected domestic 3,000 metric tons (t) of elemental lithium (table 1) [16,000 t production data for lithium from a voluntary canvass of the of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE)], primarily owing to only U.S. lithium carbonate producer, Rockwood Lithium Inc. demand for lithium-based battery, ceramic and glass, grease, (a subsidiary of Albemarle Corp. of Charlotte, NC). Production pharmaceutical, and polymer products. In 2017, the gross weight and stock data collected from Rockwood Lithium were withheld of lithium compounds imported into the United States increased from publication to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. by 7% and the gross weight of exports increased by 29% from The company’s 6,000-metric-ton-per-year (t/yr) Silver Peak those in 2016. -
Lithium Phosphate Refining Vindicates Cathode Production with No Requirement for Lithium Hydroxide Or Carbonate
05 March 2019 Lithium phosphate refining vindicates cathode production with no requirement for lithium hydroxide or carbonate HIGHLIGHTS ▪ Lithium phosphate produced from Lithium Australia's SiLeach® Gen-2 Pilot Plant has been further refined using a simple, proprietary purification process. ▪ The resulting product has a significantly higher purity than that previously used to create lithium-iron-phosphate cells via Lithium Australia's 100%-owned VSPC cathode powder technology. ▪ The latest refining process paves the way for the production of very high-purity cathodes while bypassing the supply restrictions of lithium carbonates and hydroxides. ▪ High-quality lithium-ion batteries generated from mine waste are now a reality. Lithium Australia NL (ASX: LIT, or 'the Company') has successfully refined lithium phosphate (‘LP') generated by its SiLeach® Gen-2 Pilot Plant to create a very pure product that is suitable for the direct generation of lithium-iron-phosphate ('LFP') powders for the production of lithium-ion batteries ('LIBs'). The Company's production of LIBs using LP generated direct from mine waste was first reported on 21 November 2018. Batteries produced in that manner demonstrated outstanding potential, notwithstanding the fact that they were manufactured from unrefined LP. Now, further refining of the LP by way of a simple proprietary process (details of which will be provided once updated IP applications are in place) has reduced the concentrations of impurities such as potassium, sodium and sulphur by orders of magnitude, providing scope to further improve battery performance. The new LP refining stage fits seamlessly into the Company's SiLeach® process, developed to capitalise on the abundance of lithium micas (for which SiLeach® is ideally suited).