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Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. Trhnyx Geoffroy Saint

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Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. Trhnyx Geoffroy Saint Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. AspilusGray, 1864:83. Type-species, Trionyxcarinif-Gray, 1856 [= Trionyx cartilagineus (Boddaert), 17701 by monotypy. Webb, Robert G. 1990. TriotTyx. Landemania Gray, 1869:211,212,215. Type-species, Landemania imrata Gray, 1869 (= Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, 1834) by Trhnyx Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire monotypy . Softshell Mes SarbieriaGray, 1869:211,212,220. Type-species, Sarbieria frenata Gray, 1869 (= Trionyx subplanus GeoffroySaint-Hilaire, 1809) Trionyx GeoffroySaint-Hilaire, 1809a:363. Type-species, Trionyx by monotypy. awtiacusGeoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809 [= Trionyx triunguis Callinia Gray, 1869:211,212,214,221. Type-species, Callinia spin- (Forskal), 17751 by subsequent designation (Bory de Saint- if- Gray, 1869 (= Trionyx spinifem LeSueur, 1827) by sub- Vincent, 1828:77). See Nomenclatural History. sequent designation (Stejneger, 1907:514). Amyda Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, lWa:365. Type-species, Amyda Fordia Gray, 1869212, 219. Typespecies, Fordia africana Gray, jauanica Schweigger, 1809, listed as synonym of Trionyx jau- 1869 (= Trionyx hiunguis (Forska), 1775) by monotypy. anicus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809 (= Trionyx cartilagineus Nilssonia Gray, 187232. Type-species, Nilssonia fomsa Gray, (Boddaert), 1770) by monotypy. 1872 (= Trionyxformanrs Gray, 1869) by monotypy. Trionix Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809b:legend pls. 1, 2. Ex errore. Isola Gray, 1873a:51. Typespecies, Isolapeguensis Gray, 1873 (= Aplaria Rafiiesque, 1817:166 (nomen nudum). Type-species, Ap- Trionyx fomsur Gray, 1869) by monotypy. laria micaRafiiesque, 1817 (= Trionyx spinif- LeSueur, IdaGray, 1873a:55. Type-species, Ida ornataGray, 1873 [= Trionyx 1827) by monotypy. cartilagineus (Boddaert), 17701 by monotypy. Strionyz LeSueur, 1827:legend pl. 7. Ex mre. Oscaria Gray, 1873b:157. Type-species, Oscaria swinhoei Gray, Aspidonscks Wagler, 1830:134. Type-species, Aspidonsctes aem- 1873 [= Trionyx swinhoei (Gray), 18731 by monotypy. tiacus Wagler, 1830 (= Trionyx hiunguis(Forska), 1775) by Landemannia: 'Iheobald, 1876:28. Ex emre. subsequent designation (Fitzinger, 1843:30). Landmania: Heude, 1880:viii. Ex mre. Apabne Rafiiesque, 183264. Type-species, Apalone hudsonica YuenHeude, 1880:18. Type-species, Yuen lepmsus Heude, 1880 [= Rafiiesque, 1832 (= Trionyxspinif-LeSueur, 1827) by mo- Trionyx swinhoei (Gray), 18731 by subsequent designation "OtyPY. (Stejneger, 1907:514). Merodeca Rafiiesque, 183264. Type-species, Mesodeca bartrami Rafethus: Heude, 1880:20. Ex mre. Rafinesque, 1832 [= Trionyxfm(Schneider), 17831 by mono- Psilognatbus Heude, 1880:24. Type-species, Psifognathus la& tyPY. Heude, 1880 (= Trionyx sinensis Wiegmam, 1834) by mono- Amida: Dumhil and Bibron, 1834:416. Ex mre. tyPY. Amy& Dumhil and. Bibron, 1834:421. Ex mre. TemnognathusHeude, 1880:25. Type-species, Temnognathusmor- GymnopusDumkrii and Bibron, 1834:363. New replacement name daxHeude, 1880(= Trionyxsinensis Wiegmann, 1834) by mo- for Trionyx Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809 and Aspidonectes "OtyPY. Wagler, 1830, f?Dumkil and Bibron, 1835:466,472. Gomphopelta Heude, 1880:27. Typespecies, Gomphopelta orzi- Gymnopodus: Dum6ril and Bibron, 1835:484. Ex mre. naeHeude, 1880 (= TrionyxsinensisWiegmann,1834) by mo- Plarypeltis Fitzinger, 1835:109, 120, 127. Type-species, Platypeltis "OtyPY. fmm, Fitzinger, 1835 [= Trionyzfm(Schneider), 17831 by CoelognathusHeude, 1880:29. Type-species, C0ekJg~thUSnom- subsequent designation (Fitzinger, 1843:30). wstatus Heude, 1880 (= Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, 1834) by Pelcdiscus Fitzinger, 1835:110, 120, 127. Type-species, Pelodiscus monotypy. sinensh, Fitzinger, 1835 (= Trionyx sinensis Wiegmum, 1834) Tortistmum Heude, 1880:31. Type-species, Tortistmum novem- by subsequent designation (Fitzinger, 1&13:30). wstatum Heude, 1880 (= Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, 1834) Aspedonecks: Holbrook, 1&12:12,18. Ex errore. by monotypy. PotamochelysFitzinger, 1&13:30.Type-species, Aspidonecks jauan- CeramopeltaHeude, 1880:33. Type-species, Ceramopelta latimtris icus, Wagler, 1830 [= Trionyz carh'lagineus (Boddaert), 17701 Heude, 1880 (= Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, 1834) by mono- by original designation. tyPY. TyseGray, 1844:47. Type-species, Tyse niloticaGray, 1844 [= Tri- Coptopelta Heude, 1880:34. Type-species, Coptopelta septemcostata onyx triunguis (Forska), 17751 by subsequent designation Heude, 1880 (= Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, 1834) by mono- (Stejneger, 1907:514). tyPY. DoganiaGray, 1844:49.Type-species, DoganiasubplanaGray, 1844 Cinctistmum Heude, 1880:36. Type-species, Cinctistmum bi- (= Trionyz subplanus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809) by mono- cinctum Heude, 1880 (= Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, 1834) by tyPY. monotypy. Dagonia: Gray, 1856:67. Ex mre. Temnognanthus: Boulenger, 1889:256. Ex mre. Glat@eltis: Cope, 1860:296. Ex mre. AspideretesHay, 1904:274. Type-species, TrionyxgangeticusCuvi- Tpyz Dumeril, 1861:158. Ex mre. er, 1824 by original designation. RafetusGray, 1864:81. Type-species, RafetuseuphraticrrsGray,1864 Aspidonectis: Stejneger, 190751 5. Ex mre. (= TrionyzRlphraticusGeoffroySaint-Hilaire, 1809) by mono- Triinp Smith, 1930:3. Ex mre. tyPY. Trinnyz Amegtuno, in Simpson, 1943:423. Ex mre. Map. Distribution of Trionyx. Question mark indicates an area ofuncertain range boundaries. Platyrettis: Kirsch, in Stejneger, 1944:8. Ex mre. and Barbour, 1972, color), ventral pattern of juveniles (Stejneger, Euamyda Stejneger, 19447, 9, 12. Type-species, Amyda muticq 1907; Mao, 1971), adults in color (Karsen et al., 1986); head panems Stejneger, 194(= Trionyx muticus LeSueur, 1827) by mono- (Petzold, 1963; Mao, 1971, color); skulls, carapaces and plastn YPY. (Heude, 1880:pls. 2-9; Bourret, 1941). Trionb Baker, in Loveridge and Williams, 1957:424. Ex mre. Descriptions of Trionyx steindachneri are in Rivers (1889), Tryonix: Guerin-Meneville, in Loveridge and Wi,1957:424. Siebenrock (1906, translated in Pope 1935; 1907), Smith (19311, Ex -re. Bourret (1941), Petzold (1%3), and McKeown and Webb (1982). Amygda: Richter, 1961:7. Ex enore. Some illustrations are of hatchling (McKeown, 1978, color, as T. Asperiditm: Romer, 1966:366. Ex mre. sinemis), hatchling and adult (McKeown and Webb, 1982), subadult Aspiderectes: Morafka, 1977:160. Ex mre. (Siebenrock, 1907; copied in Pope, 1935, Smith, 1931 [only head- Landemenia: Scudder, in Smith and Smith, 1980:204. Ex mre. neck], and Wermuth and Mertens, 1961), adults (Petzold, 1%3; Aspidonechrs: Beyer, in Smith and Smith, 1980:204. Ex mre. Karsen et al., 1986, color), juvenile head pattern (Siebenrodt, 1906, Trio-: Winokur, 1982:83. Ex enore. copiedin Pope 1935); carapace, plastron, and aspects of skull (Bour- Tironyx: Bull, Legler, and Vogt, 1985784. Ex mre. ret, 1941, skull copied in Wermuth and Mertens, 1%1). Palea Meylan, 1987:77, 94. Type-species, Trionyx steindachnen' Siebenrock, 1906 by original designation. Distribution. The genus Trionyxoccurs in North America Aspendetes: Weems, 1988:119. Ex mre. (southeastern Canada, United States, northeastern Mexico), central Africa and the Nile River drainage, southern coastal Turkey and the Content. Fifteen extant species are generally recognized Tigris-Euphrates draiige, eastern China and adjacent U.S.S.R., worldwide, of which 12 are extralimital in the Old World (Trionyx Japan, and the Indian subregion from Pakistan through southeast cartihgineus, T. euphraticus, T.fonnanr, T. gangeticus, T. hunrm, Asia and the Sunda Archipelago (and some neighboring islands). T. leithii, T. nigricans, T. sinensis, T. steindachnerr; T. suefanus, T. Of the five species treated here, the distribution of the three winhoei, and T. triunguis). Only the three indigenous American North American species (T. fkmx, T. muticus, T. spiniJm) is species (T.fern, T. muticus, and T. spinyew) and two Old World detailed in Catalogue accounts 138-140 (Webb, 1973b-d); updated species introduced into Hawaii(T. sinensis and T. steindachnen) are maps with spot localities are in Iverson (1986). Trionyx muticur treated here. See Comment. seemingly has been extirpated in western Pennsylvania (McCoy, 1982; Emst in McCoy, 1985). Definition. In this paragraph the combination of features Trionyx sinemis occurs along the eastern seaboard of China accomodates all 15 extant species, and also characterizes the sub- (including the Korean peninsula), ranging as far north as the Amur family Trionychinae (only included genus, Trionyx); the genera River drainage into U.S.S.R. and south as far as central Vietnam, and Chitra and Pelochelys, traditionally included in the Trionychinae, are including the major islands of Hainan, Taiwan, and Japan (distribu- regarded as comprising a separate subfamily, Chitrinae (Webb, in tion map with spot localities, Iverson, 1986). Trionyx sinensis has press). Femoral flaps are absent. The anterodistal part of the been successfully introduced on the island of Kauai, Hawaii forelimb usually bears three cuspedged scales that are proximal to (McKeown and Webb, 1982). upper marginal, completely smooth scale; upper cusp-edged scale Trionyx steindachneri is indigenous to southeastern China, is often partly smooth. The anterior rim of the carapace is distinct adjacent northern Vietnam, and the island of Hainan, and has been from skin of neck, and usually has a marginal ridge. The carapace successfully introduced on the island of Mauritius in the Indian of hatchlings-juveniles usually has longitudinal rows of tiny tu- Ocean (Bour, 1984), and the islands of Kauai and Oahu, Hawaii bercles, which are lost in adults. The bony carapace of the young has (McKeown and Webb, 1982).
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