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This is a free sample of content from Calcium Signaling, Second Edition. Click here for more information on how to buy the book. Index A ANO1, 441 ABT-199/Venetoclax, 471, 473 AP. See Action potential Action potential (AP), 407 Aquaporin, 441 Activin-A, 389 ARF1, 291 AD. See Alzheimer’s disease Arteriosclerosis. See Calcification ADAM10, 551 ASD. See Autism spectrum disorder Addiction. See Drug addiction Astrocyte Adenylyl cyclase, CRAC channel calcium brain aging modulation, 72–73 Alzheimer’s disease Aging amyloid-b effects on calcium dynamics, brain 549–550 Alzheimer’s disease astrogliopathology, 548–549 amyloid-b effects on calcium calcium signaling in astrocytes, 549–552 dynamics, 549–550 endoplasmic reticulum calcium release and astrogliopathology, 548–549 astrogliotic response, 552 calcium signaling in astrocytes, 549–552 astroglia support over life, 546–547 endoplasmic reticulum calcium release and ionic signaling and excitability, 547 astrogliotic response, 552 physiology in aging, 547–548 astrocyte transcription-dependent metabolic plasticity, 391–393 astroglia support over life, 546–547 ATF3, 389 ionic signaling and excitability, 547 Atherosclerosis. See Calcification physiology in aging, 547–548 Atrap, 164 overview, 545–546 Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tissue calcification, 534–535 IL1RAPL1 mutations, 296 AKAP9, 470 parvalbumin neurons, 228–229 AKAP79, 75 ALN, 163 B Alzheimer’s disease (AD) BAP1, 482 astrocyte aging Bcl-2 amyloid-b effects on calcium dynamics, 549–550 endoplasmic reticulum function, 465–466 astrogliopathology, 548–549 immunity role, 465 calcium signaling in astrocytes, 549–552 IP receptor interactions endoplasmic reticulum calcium release and 3 modulators astrogliotic response, 552 Bcl-2, 134–138 calcium dysregulation, 501–502 Bcl-2L10, 140–141 calcium homeostasis Bcl-Xl, 138–140 IP3 receptor, 510–511 Bok stabilization, 132, 134 mitochondrial calcium handling, 512–513 Mcl-1, 140 ryanodine receptor, 511–512 overview, 133 store-operated calcium entry, 512 overview, 464, 466–467 CALHM1 receptor, 510 therapeutic targeting in cancer epidemiology, 500 Bcl-2 and cell death signaling, 469–470 histopathology, 500 BIRD-2, 468–469, 490 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, 507–509 prospects, 473–474 NMDA receptors, 503, 506–507 small molecule mimics of BIRD-2, 470–473 purinergic receptors, 509–510 TAT-Pep2, 467–469 AMPA receptor, 383, 506 protein types and functions, 127–129, 465 AmpII, 413 ryanodine receptor modulation Amyloid-b. See Alzheimer’s disease Bcl-2, 141–142 559 © 2019 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. All rights reserved This is a free sample of content from Calcium Signaling, Second Edition. Click here for more information on how to buy the book. Index Bcl-2 (Continued) diabetes, 329 Bcl-Xl, 142 kidney dysfunction and hypertension, 328–329 overview, 141 neurotoxicity, 329–330 VDAC modulation, 142–145 isozymes, 319–321 BIN-1, 413 short linear motif mediation of substrate recognition BiP/GRP78, endoplasmic reticulum function, 248–249 coordination of motifs during substrate BIRD-2, 136, 468–469, 490 dephosphorylation, 324–325 Bok, IP3 receptor stabilization, 132, 134 LxVP motif, 323–324 Bone. See Calcification overview, 322–323 BRAF, 485–486 PxlxIT motif, 323 Brain aging. See Aging signaling network evolution, 325–326 BTG2, 389 substrate identification Buffer proteins. See Cytosolic calcium buffers affinity purification–mass spectrometry, 326–327 in silico strategies, 327–328 overview, 326 C phosphoproteomics, 326 Cab45, 253 Calcium CaBPs. See Calcium-binding proteins amplitude and frequency modulation of signal, 69–70 CAC-NA2D2, 484 homeostasis overview, 202 CAC-NA2D3, 485 intracellular levels and signaling overview, 1–5 / CAD SOAR, 39–40, 44–46, 49, 56 local signals and discrete communication, 9–12 cADPR. See Cyclic ADP-ribose oscillations Caenorhabditis. See Planarian flatworm high-fidelity signaling, 7–9 Calbindin-D9k spatial profile, 70–72 functions, 232 Calcium-binding proteins (CaBPs) regulation, 232 CaBP1, 299–302 structure, 230–232 CaBP2, 299, 301–303 Calbindin-D28k CaBP3, 298 function, 233 CaBP4, 300–304 regulation, 233–234 CaBP5, 302 structure, 232–233 CaBP7, 298 Calcification CaBP8, 298 calcium salt types and distribution, 528 diseases, 303–304 mineral homeostasis, 525–526 overview, 297–303 pathological calcification Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein blood vessels kinase II (CaMKII) aging and senescence, 534–535 Alzheimer’s disease, 551 apoptosis and necrosis, 531–532 autoinhibition, 267–268, 270 calcification inhibitors and triggers, 529–530 calcium pulse frequency sensitivity, 273 calcium-sensing receptor, 530–531 calmodulin trapping, 272 endoplasmic reticulum stress, 532–533 glycosylation, 273–274 matrix vesicle/exosome calcium release, 534 hub domain stoichiometry and geometry, 274–275 mitochondrial calcium and mitophagy, kinase domain tethering to central hub 533–534 assembly, 270–272 vascular smooth muscle cell calcium flux, 529 methionine oxidation, 273–274 fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, 536 oocyte/egg calcium signaling, 342 heart valve, 535–536 overview, 265–267 kidney stone, 536 phosphorylation, 269–270 osteoarthritis, 536 prospects for study, 278 overview, 527–528 substrate capture for phosphorylation, 272–273 prospects for study, 536–537 subunit exchange triggered by activation, 276–278 physiological calcification and calcium signaling, synapse-to-nucleus calcium-dependent 526–527 communication, 383–384 Calcineurin Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV activation, 321–322 (CaMKIV), synapse-to-nucleus Alzheimer’s disease, 551 calcium-dependent communication, calcineurin-b1, 322 383–384 inhibitor therapy adverse effects with cyclosporin Calcium-induced calcium release (CICR), 111, 116, A and tacrolimus 202, 412–413 560 © 2019 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. All rights reserved This is a free sample of content from Calcium Signaling, Second Edition. Click here for more information on how to buy the book. Index Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), blood vessel IP3 receptors, 413–415 calcification, 530–531 mitochondrial calcium, 416–417 Caldendrin, 301 ryanodine receptor, 415–416 CALHM1 receptor, neurodegenerative disease, 510 STIM/Orai, 416 Calmodulin. See also Calcium/calmodulin-dependent two-pore channels, 415 protein kinase II; Calcium/calmodulin- prospects for calcium studies, 422–423 dependent protein kinase IV relaxation and calcium clearance, 410–411 CRAC channel–PMCA pump signal linking, 76–77 transverse and axial tubule system and microdomain diseases, 288–289 signaling, 410, 412–413 functional overview, 286–288 CaSR. See Calcium-sensing receptor TRP channel interactions, 31 Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular Calneuron 1, 299, 302–303 tachycardia (CPVT), 418–420 Calneuron 2, 299, 302–303 CAX, 438 CALNUC, Golgi function, 253 CBP, 384–386, 390 Calreticulin CCK. See Cholecystokinin endoplasmic reticulum function, 247–248 CD47, 531 function, 235–236 Cellular reticular network (CRN) regulation, 236–237 calcium dynamics, 245–246 structure, 234–235 endoplasmic reticulum Calsequestrin, sarcoplasmic reticulum function, 250–251 BiP/GRP78, 248–249 Calumenin, Golgi function, 253 calreticulin, 247–248 CaMKII. See Calcium/calmodulin-dependent GRP94, 249 protein kinase II overview, 246–247 CaMKIV. See Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein disulfide isomerase, 249–250 protein kinase IV endosome, 254 CAMTA1, 382, 386 Golgi Cancer CALNUC, 253 calcium signaling remodeling calumenin, 253 cell death, 486–487 overview, 252–253 metastasis, 485–486 p54/NEFA, 253–254 ORAI1, 483, 485, 488 mitochondria, 252 ORAI3, 481–482 peroxisome, 254 proliferation, 483–485 prospects for study, 254–255 prospects for study, 490–491 sarcoplasmic reticulum PTEN, 482 calsequestrin, 250–251 STIM, 482–483, 485, 487 HRC, 251 therapeutic targeting, 488–490 junctate, 251–252 TRPM8, 481 overview, 250 TRPV4, 481, 486–489 sarcalumenin, 252 TRPV6, 481 Cholecystokinin (CCK), 108, 439–440 tumor microenvironment, 487–488 Chronic pain, synapse-to-nucleus calcium-dependent IP3 receptor–Bcl-2 interactions communication, 389–390 overview, 464, 466–467 CICR. See Calcium-induced calcium release therapeutic targeting CLN3 disease, 210–211 Bcl-2 and cell death signaling, 469–470 CPVT. See Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular BIRD-2, 468–469, 490 tachycardia prospects, 473–474 CRAC channel small molecule mimics of BIRD-2, 470–473 calcium tunneling through endoplasmic reticulum TAT-Pep2, 467–469 near Orai1 channels, 80–81 SERCA, 480, 490 clustering and signal strength, 75–76 store-operated calcium entry, 479, 482, 485, 487 functional overview, 38, 43, 71 Cardiac hypertrophy, calcium in remodeling, 420–422 PMCA pump cross talk, 76–80 Cardiomyocyte structure, 43–44 excitation–contraction coupling targets for local calcium entry calcium transient generation and contraction adenylyl cyclase, 72–73 induction, 408–410 NFAT, 74–75 remodeling in disease, 417–422 phospholipase A2,73–74 tuning, 411–412 PIP5 kinase, 74 non-canonical calcium signal generation CREB, 301, 382, 384–386, 390, 392–393 561 © 2019 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. All rights reserved This is a free sample of content from Calcium Signaling, Second Edition. Click here for more information on how to buy the book. Index CREST, 384 signaling complexes and membrane junctions, CRN. See Cellular reticular network 57–59 Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), cardiomyocyte stimulus intensities and activation of SOCE, 59–60 signaling, 415–416 Bcl-2 function, 465–466 Cyclosporin A. See Calcineurin CRAC channel clustering, 75–76 Cytosolic calcium buffers endoplasmic
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  • Triadin, a Linker for Calsequestrin and the Ryanodine Receptor

    Triadin, a Linker for Calsequestrin and the Ryanodine Receptor

    Triadin, a Linker for Calsequestrin and the Ryanodine Receptor Wei Guo,* Annelise 0. Jorgensen,' and Kevin P. Campbell* *Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, and *Departmentof Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 Introduction Protein components of the triad junction play essential roles in muscle excitation- contraction coupling (EC coupling). Considerable research has been performed on the identification and characterization of proteins that regulate calcium storage and release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (McPherson and Campbell, 1993; Franzini- Armstrong and Jorgensen, 1994). Key proteins characterized include the dihydro- pyridine receptor; the voltage sensor and L-type calcium channel in t-tubules; the ryanodine receptor/Ca2+-releasechannel in the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplas- mic reticulum; and calsequestrin, a moderate-affinity, high-capacity calcium-bind- ing protein located in the lumen of the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum. Study of these proteins has been instrumental to our understanding of the molecular mecha- nisms of EC coupling. Recent research from our laboratory has focused on triadin, an abundant transmembrane protein in the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum. Here, we briefly review recent results on the structure of triadin and its interactions with other protein components of the junctional complex in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Identification of Triadin Using purified skeletal muscle triads, we generated a library of monoclonal anti- bodies against different proteins of the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum (Camp- bell et al., 1987). Several monoclonal antibodies recognize a protein of 94 kD (now called triadin) on reducing SDS-PAGE (Fig.