READ "The History Of American Tr — SEE PAGE 6 — the PUBLISHEDMILITANT IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE

VOL. IX—No. 29 NEW YORK, N. Y„ SATURDAY, JULY 21, 1945 PRICE: FIVE CENTS

Trotskyist Runs British Despots For Parliament New York News Delivery Strikers In Nigeria Ban In Chile Election By Henriquez SANTIAGO, Chile, July 4 Check Union-Busting Assault Native Papers (By Airmail) — The Partido Obrero Revolucionario, Chilean Special to The Militant section of the Fourth Interna­ Congressional Lynchers at Work tional, ran a candidate in last COMPEL WLB TO ISSUE ORDER LONDON, July 16 — Two Negro-edited newspapers in week’s1 by-election for a parlia­ Nigeria which have espoused the cause of the terribly oppressed mentary deputy to represent the ON PUBLISHERS TO ARBITRATE and exploited population of that country hav^ been suppressed city of Concepcion, third largest by order of Governor Richards, according to cabled advices re­ of the country and second larg­ BULLETIN ceived here. est in industry. NEW YORK — A general membership meeting of the Nigeria is a British crown colony in Equatorial Africa, one of The POR delegates at the elec­ Newspaper Deliverers Union here, held just before The Militant the largest and wealthiest of British possessions, with a population tion tables counted 400 votes cast of over 21,000,000. I t is ruled through the Colonial Office in London. fo r our candidate, but the offi­ went to press, voted to end the 18-day strike halting circulation Suppression of the two papers, the West African Pilot and cial figures gave us 321 votes. of 14 metropolitan dailies, after the War Labor Board issued an order to the New York Publisher’s Association to arbitrate Daily Comet, was accompanied by a threat on the part of the B rit­ POLITICAL SITUATION ish Government to banish the editor, Nnamdi Azikiwe, from his However, the figures do not as the union had demanded. homeland. tell the story. The situation in the working class must be under­ These repressive acts have arisen from a strike of over 150,000 By John Locke Nigerian workers, including all the railroad men, coal miners, civil stood. Four months ago the general Servants and others. The strikers are demanding a minimum wage parliam entary. elections took NEW YORK, July 16 — Tlie powerful New of 60 cents a day. Their present pay averages two shillings a day, place. The Tightest conservative- York Publishers Association has teamed up with the the equivalent of about 50 cents. liberal bloc, representing the Under British imperialist rule the natives are subjected to in­ landlords and the big bourgeoisie, War Labor Board to try its hand at union-busting. human conditions of exploitation. Children between nine and twelve won a m ajority away from the But so far the newspaper-government all-out drive work even in tin and coal mines, 12 hours a day, carrying heavy Democratic Alliance which had loads up to 65 lbs. Colored bus drivers and conductors receive less had the m ajority since 1941. The to smash the striking deliverers’ union hasn’t passed Socialist and Communist parties than one-third the wages paid to European workers for similar (part of the Democratic Alliance) ■^first base. Work. lost 40 per cent of their electoral Yesterday the deliverers met The workers of Nigeria are organized into 64 trade unions votes and a third of their depu­ Dobbs Blasts Role and tossed a “ final” return-to- corresponding to the various industries and occupations. These ties. The Stalinists lost nearly work-or-be-fired order back into unions are combined in the Nigeria Trade Union Congress which 10,000 votes and two deputies, the teeth of the publishers. As held a convention in August, 1944. while the Socialist party dropped Of LaGuardia in this report is being written, the A t the convention resolutions were adopted calling for the in­ from 80,000 votes to 38,000 and small but fighting independent dustrialization of the country and nationalization of important from 18 deputies to six. Newspaper and Mail Deliverers The reason fo r this was that Newspaper Strike Union is still standing firm — industries. They called for the introduction of unemployment and a large part of the laboring mass­ trading blow for blow with the health insurance and fo r the improvement of housing conditions and Fa,rrell Dobbs, Trotskyist es abstained from voting. candidate for mayor in the New most powerful group of capital­ educational facilities. ist newspaper owners on earth. The workers were skeptical and York C ity elections, has issued (Continued on page 7) a statement denouncing the NEWSSTANDS EMPTY Persecuted Nigerian Editor Appeals to U. S. strike-breaking role of Mayor The thousands of newsstands F. H. La Guardia in the current in the New York area are s till Labor and Negro Organizations for Support strike of the New York newspa­ empty. The 8,000,000 iirculation of 14 metropolitan dailies, rang­ NEW YORK, July 17 — Cable­ with strong views. .. It is obvious per delivery workers. The full IN THE NEWS ing from the frankly reactionary grams were received this week I cannot rely on official protec­ text of the statement is as fo l­ Daily News to the so-called “ lib­ by the Socialist Workers Party tion. . . Latest rumor that I may lows : eral” New York Post has been and the Civil Rights Defense be banished from Nigeria for Lies At Any Price Mayor LaGuardia’s p i o u f cut to a fraction of normal. Committee confirming the sup­ supporting strikers demanding 60 During the newspaper deliver­ mouthings about “ law and order” Using the slogan of the fig h t­ pression of the two Nigerian cents daily wage.” ers strike in New York City, in the New York newspaper, deliv­ newspapers and the threat of The Council informed The M ili­ members of the stock-exchange ing coal miners, “ No con tract-no. ery men’s strike are nothing more Work,” the deliverymen, 1,70.0 banishment for their editor, tant that African organizations and penthouse crowd have been than the time-worn alibi of the Nnamdi Azikiwe. in Great Britain had dispatched “doing their bit” against the strong, walked out June 30 after governmental strike-breaker. taking a strike vote under the Additional information regard­ cables to the ‘‘Big Three” leaders striking workers by encouraging Neither O’ Dwyer nor Gold­ ing the widespread strike of Ne­ in Berlin, informing them that a black market in newspapers. provisions of the anti-labor stein, the Democratic and Repub­ Smith-Connally Act. They ‘struck gro workers in Nigeria was ob­ “colonial fascism” is rampant in The gentry have been skulking in lican candidates to succeed La­ tained by The Militant from the Nigeria. The Council is sending dark places and paying as much after the publishers had fla tly re­ Guardia in office, have spoken in fused to negotiate the most rea­ American Council on African urgent appeals to the NAACP, as $1 -for* a bootleg copy of their condemnation o f LaGuardia’s Education, 55 West 42nd St., New African Students’ Association favorite anti-labor sheets. sonable of contract demands — strikebreaking tactics. By their demands that the wealthy own­ York. This organization has re­ (ASA) CIO, Council on African * * S silence O’Dwyer and Goldstein Affairs, Brotherhood of Sleep­ Southern Bourbon Spokesmen ers of the press had been farced ceived a cabled request from Azi­ show that they, too, are support- kiwe fo r aid and support against ing Car Porters, Congressmen Cost of Capitalist War to grant to most other labor i n g the wealthy publishers persecution by the British colon­ Powell and Mitchell of New York The first reported American groups in the industry. against the striking newspaper ial authorities. Azikiwe informed and Chicago, National Urban “ basketcase” of this war Sgt. The deliverers struck in the face Succeed In Lynching F. E. P. C. delivery men who are fighting for the American Council on African League and other civic and re­ Frederic Hensel, of Corbin, Ky., of a clearly fake proposal by ligious groups to mobilize public was recently interviewed in the a decent standard of living. the news bosses that the demands Education as follows: By Joseph Hansen fe> “ I have reason to believe that sentiment throughout America on Percy Jones General Hospital, LAGUARDIA THREATENS be submitted to the War Labof behalf of Azikiwe and the strik­ Battle Creek, Mich. Sgt. Hensel, Bilbo Incites Race Board’s Newspaper Commission my life is in danger, in view of Negro-hating Southern Bour'bon Congressmen, under the Faking impartiality, LaGuar­ who has lost both legs and both for settlement. As the union’s the fact that all local high offi­ ers by sending telegrams of pro­ leadership of Mississippi’s venom-spitting Senator Bilbo, have dia said in his July 13 radio test to Governor Itichards of Ni­ arms, stated: “ I’d make a good Riots in Detroit president, Joseph Simons, put it, cials wrongly suspect me to be speech, “ I warn both sides that geria and the Colonial Office in picture for propaganda against succeeded in lynching the Fair Employment Practices Commit­ Senator Bilbo of Mississippi, “ both the publishers and we know at the bottom of present general if there is any violence that force strike because I am a journalist London. the next war.” tee. In a shameful spectacle that brands Congress as .reaction­ ranting on the floor of the Sen­ the Commission has no rig ht un­ * * * ary to the core, these advocates of race prejudice, discrimina­ ate July 12: “ I believe in se­ w ill be used to suppress force, in der the WLB policy to rule on the maintenance of law and or­ tion and segregation put the proponents of FEPC to complete gregation. . . Today, I asked the demands until a dispute has ‘Free E nterprise’ der.” However, this self-styled rout, cutting down the appropriation to $250,000 and including a gentleman, ‘What about a been certified to it through nego­ SWP Starts Fund For A fte r a session on July 11 be­ riot in Detroit for a change?’ champion of “ law and order” had tiation — and the owners have \ a proviso that this sum shall be used to liquidate the commit­ * tween the WPB Automotive Div­ nothing to say about the attempts tee. ® He said, ‘We are expecting to refused to negotiate.” ision, OPA and representatives have one almost any day.’ Mr. of the arrogagit, labor-hating pub­ The shut-down was effective of the automobile corporations on Senator Bilbo, American spokes­ militant action in 1941 in the lishers to use young children who Trotskyists In Europe fight against discrimination. President, it w ill come; it is immediately. Newsstands carried the problems of reconversion. man of race theories identical bound to come. It is sure to don’t know any better as strike­ only the Marshall Field publica­ Henry P. Nelson, WPB’s co-or- with those of Hitler, not cpntent When the FEPC came before breakers. Nor did he deem it By FARRELL DOBBS Congress this year, its advocates come. . .” tion, PM, which had met the d i n a t o r fo r reconversion with even this triumph, added in Isn’t it high time the work­ important to speak about the union’s demands. What papers Campaign Director said he hoped it would be the last a vicious snarl: “I f I had my way, asked an appropriation of only fact that two strikers have been $599,000 to keep it alive. The ing class put its own political did go out were limited to over- such conference. “ The next time FEPG would not get one cetli.” representatives in Congress to stabbed by the publishers’ thugs. A campaign to raise a $5,000 International Solidarity Fund Southern Bourbons attacked the-counter sales at the news I hope I can tell them, ‘The lid’s properly answer such inflam ­ When LaGuardia talks about plants. by September 15 has been launched by the Socialist Workers NO REAL POWER FEPC head on, breathing fire and off. Go out and cut each other’s matory calls for a pogrom? “ law and order” he is actually Finally, in the second week of Party. This action is taken in response to appeals for aid from fury, conscious of their power as throats all you want.’ ” From its beginning, FEPC had talking only to the strikers, and the strike, enraged by the failure a dominant wing of fhe Demo­ our Trotskyist co-thinkers abroad against whom the Anglo- * * * no real power to fight Jim Crow. American imperialists, the Stalinist counter-revolutionists and It was limited to the war in­ cratic Party. The advocates of hatred against the Negroes and (Continued on page 2) (Continued on page 2) the puppet governments are striking their heaviest blows. Life Begins for Goering dustries. It could not enforce its FEPC immediately backed down, the House Appropriations Com­ In Belgium, Trotskyists are be- •>■ According to a report from decisions. Its funds were so cutting their request to $446,000. mittee cut out the FEPC alto­ ing arrested by the puppet-gov­ been assassinated by the Stalin­ Britain, in the newspaper Scots­ stringently limited it could not This taste of blood aroused the gether from the bill which carried ernment and the Trotskyist pa­ ist gangsters in Greece. Vicious man, top-flight, Nazi Herman even make an adequate survey of Southern representatives of lynch appropriations fo r other agen­ LOS ANGELES CIO per, “ La Voie de Lenine,” has Stalinist attacks are being di­ Goering has been flown to Britain the enormous extent of racial law to greater fury. Again cies amounting to $770,000,000. been suppressed. The DeGaulle rected against the Italian Trot­ along with other big-shot Nazi discrimination in employment in I'EPC’s advocates backed down, Through a parliamentary cutting their request to S250.000. government has jailed a number skyists. A new wave of arrests leaders and Wehrmacht officers. America. It was scheduled for maneuver, the advocates of FEPC COMBATS FASCISTS of Trotskyist militants and the of the Trotskyist vanguard in In­ He has been taken to Winder- dissolution with the end of the This bill passed the Senate. LOS ANGELES, July 17 — front of the labor movement French Trotskyist paper, “ La Ve- dia signals redoubling of perse- mere, England, where he and war. FEPC was nothing but a In the House, however, the then held up the appropriations against the fascist menace, over other leading Nazis are relaxing Southern bourbons began waving Organized labor has announced rite,” has been' suppressed. No sugared sop tossed to the Negro a month ago. less than 250 Trotskyists have (Continued on page 6) on a large country estate. their arms in violent outbursts of (Continued on page 4) its first counter-action against people when they threatened Although the CIO commented * * * attempts by Gerald L. K. Smith, fascist demagogue, to es- at that time on Smith’s meetings, Solidarity Forever th i^ is the firs t concrete step establish a base for his move­ GPU In Italy Spreads A Reuters dispatch from Lon­ taken to combat his movement. don July 11, reports that Amer­ ment in Los Angeles. It must be supported by every Simpson Hits FEPC Foes The CIO council has organized worker, and every m inority group ican seamen held in port by a a mass meeting of workers at in Los Angeles, as the opening London dockers’ “ go slow” move­ NEW YORK, July 16.—Louise with Japan ends in the meantime, of H itler and the Southern Bour­ Vile Frame-Up Slander Olympic auditorium, which has a ment are extending open support Simpson, Trotskyist candidate for FEPC will be immediately dis­ bons. shot in the battle against native seating capacity of 10,500, to be fascism. The Militant of June 23, in re­ GPU amalgam. Their objective to the dockers. Members of the New York City Council, today solved. Thus the Committee may “ The 18,000,000 colored people held on the evening of Friday, porting the Stalinist attack upon is to hesmirch the name of Man­ crew of the American Ship “ Isaac not even receive the fu ll $250,000. affected by this united front of made the following statement on July 20, the same night for which the Italian Trotskyists, quoted gano. Mayer Wise,” from Savannah, ly ­ “ Yet last year alone 5,000 job leaction should particularly note the fate of the Fair Employment Smith has scheduled his fourth the Stalinist slander sheet Rina- Unable to counter the Trotsky­ ing in the Surrey Docks for over Practices Committee: discrimination cases were dock­ the role played by Representative scita which attacked “two Trot­ a month, told reporters “ They Los Angeles meeting. The fascists ist program by other means, the “ FEPC has been dealt a crush­ eted. With the evil of Jim Crow Vito Marcantonio of the Ameri­ will use the Shrine auditorium, skyists leaders, Mangano and Gir- should give thft little guys more Stalinists are more and more re­ ing biow by Congress. The ori­ growing more deadly every day, can Labor Party and the Stalin­ which seats 7,000. Their June one,” as “ paid agents of the Fas­ sorting to slander and gangster­ money,” and “ I don’t think they ginal request for an appropria­ FEPC obviously w ill not be able ists. Marcantonio considered the are paid half enough. I would meeting at the Philharmonic au­ cist OVRA” (Mussolini’s police). ism. In Puglia they are carrying tion of $599,000 was slashed to to so much as adequately survey $250,000 appropriation ‘satisfac­ not do the work for the money.” ditorium drew half that number. Our Italian comrades inform on a vicious campaign against $250,000. This is little more than the situation, much less do any­ tory.’ The Stalinists hailed it as Crew members of a Norwegian All the forces of the Socialist us that only one of these men Mangano and the Trotskyists. A one-half of last year’s woefully thing about it. a great victory. ship said: “ We are all in sym­ Workers Party, Los Angeles lo­ is a Trotskyist. Mangano, they comrade who visited Puglia fo l­ inadequate appropriation. It “ Both Republicans and ' Demo­ pathy with them.” “ The lesson for the colored peo­ cal, are being mobilized to sup­ report, is one of the best known lowing the recent riots there, re­ sounds the death knell of FEPC. crats formed a united front on ple is clear. I f they hope to de­ * * * port the anti-fascist campaign of this question. They agreed to labor leaders in the province of ports that Mangano disappeared “Total salaries alone for Com­ fend their democratic rights they the labor movement. Trotskyist Fuglia. He was one of the first during the subsequent m ilitary Sign of the Times kill FEPC by reducing its appro­ mittee members and employes must organize on the political speakers addressed a meeting of to rally to the banner of the intervention and wave of arrests. A sign in a Minneapolis bak­ last year amounted to not less priation. They even agreed to field. They must put m ilitant 1,500 workers last Sunday at a Fourth International in Italy. Mangano’s fate is not yet known. ery reads:. “ Due to prevailing than $352,000. Since FEPC must put in an amendment specifying representatives in office who w ill local church, urging them to at­ Girone, on the other hand, is He may have been arrested by conditions, we have been forced pro-rate its appropriation in the Committee should be liqui­ really fight fo r genuine democ­ tend the CIO meeting on July a notorious OVRA agent. The agents of the m ilitary authorities to lower the quality of our bak­ 12 equal portions fo r the com­ dated. This amendment gives the racy. They must join with the 20. Myra Tanner Weiss, Los An­ Stalinists deliberately linked the or he may have been murdered ery goods.” An inquiry revealed ing fiscal year, its personnel must green light to every employer labor movement to organize an geles SWP organizer, was the two names together in a typical by the Stalinists. no change in prices. be greatly reduced. I f the war who believes in the race theories independent labor party.” first to issue a call for a united PAGE TWO THE MILITANT S A T U R D A Y , J U L Y 21, 1945

N. Y. News Strikers Welcome Publishers Fight News Deliverers Newspaper Unions In New York End “ M ilitant” On Picket Lines All Over Country On A pril 26 the American It was Saturday night. A t By Ruth Johnson to the union office any time. We newspaper plants in New York appreciate what you’re doing Newspaper Publishers Associa­ papers they can carry. But if City, pickets of the Newspaper here tonight.” tion held its annual meeting in a driver ever sold papers from New York. This ultra-reaction­ Want Militant Action 17-Day Strike and Mail Deliverers Union march­ his truck to a boy, he’d be sus­ The picket captain invited us ed fo r the fourteenth day. The to join the line. Extra signs were ary organization at this meet­ Chevrolet Unit Calls (Continued from page 1) clear that they were out for noth­ pended!” Another strike-break­ The militant auto workers in New York local of the Socialist found fo r several ofth e comrades. Flint, Michigan, are clamoring ing less than the complete smash­ ing stunt of the News, he added, ing laid down its plans for a of threats and the completeness Workers Party dispatched com­ The rest of us, too, marched with for a return to the fighting pol­ For Strike Vote ing of the union. When the union was to send thousands of papers head-on offensive against the of the tie-up, the publishers and rades to sell The M ilitant con­ the pickets, who showed new spir­ icies that built the CIO United Toledo, Ohio—The Chevrolet the War Labor Board launched offered to return to work on the out to New Jersey in m ilk trucks, labor movement, particularly U nit of Local 14, UAW-CIO at taining Evelyn Atwood’s story and hire boys there to sell them. it as their ranks increased. Automobile Workers locals in their all-out offensive to smash basis of submitting all disputed of the strikers’ vile working con­ A t midnight, w ith the crowd the employes of members of their regular meeting held July issues to arbitration, the publish­ this area. the union. ditions, at two main points. COMRADESHIP dwindling away, we said goodbye the association. The M ilita n t 8 passed a resolution calling Members and leaders of AC The W LB led off. From the be­ ers turned it down and repeated A dozen of us went to the Dai­ As the drizzle changed to a to the pickets. “ I f there’s ever declared at the time that these upon the UAW International their demand of unconditional Spark Plug Local 651, who have ginning the board had repeatedly ly News building, where the pelting downpour, one of the anything we can do fo r you, we’ll representatives of Big Business Executive Board to initiate an engaged in one big walkout this ordered the deliverers to return surrender. rtronges't attempts to break the pickets took o ff his own coat, put do it!” One of them promised as were lining up for "concerted industry-wide strike vote under to their jobs. Now it raised its As the week ended, finally re­ strike were made. Others went it around the shoulders of a g irl we left, expressing the thanks of year, were burned up at the ac­ the Smith-Connally Act. action.” tion of the UAW’s international tone. “ Back to work,” the bosses’ alizing that the publishers-WLB to the Times Annex building. comrade, and told her, “ Wear it the strikers for the Militant’s The resolution, already passed “ Wages, they are convinced, can board representative, Regional board bellowed at the delivery- attack on the deliverers was noth­ home, too—- you can bring it back support. be forced down to a new bottom” by a regional conference in De­ men. “ Back to work or suffer the ing less than the beginning of a PICKET IN THE RAIN Director Carl A. Swanson, in call­ troit, and by many local unions, Since early evening there had in the post-war period, declared penalties.” general union-busting- offensive, ing o ff a request fo r an NLRB called for a 30-hour week yriih been a steady drizzle, yet hun- the May 19 M ilitant. strike vote last week. The deliverers didn’t go back trade union groups began to give no reduction in “ take-home” dieds of people stood in line to The ANPA is now beginning to to work. So the War Labor verbal support to the deliverers. Swanson contended that all but buy the Sunday edition. Damp, Dobbs Blasts Role carry out this union-smashing pay. Board — its strike-breaking role The greater New York CIO two issues were settled at a tired, but determined, the pickets program. Besides the spectacular never more clear — announced Council called on the publishers mediation meeting, but Igical 651 walked quietly in front of the en­ stoppage in New York, the cap­ the penalties. The contract be­ to agree to arbitration “ as proof officials charged that “ absolutely ‘Overwhelming Victory’ trance. Of Mayor In Strike italist press is forcing its em­ tween the publishers and the that it is not your purpose to no grievance” was settled. W ill­ As our comrades began to call (Continued from page 1) ployes out on the picket lines in CIO, President Philip Murray union, it said, was voided. The break the union.” Under press­ a number of cities. iam Rogers, chairman of the shop and CIO-PAC Chairman Sidney out “ Read the labor s.ide of the he means, “ Don’t dare to defend strikers, it claimed, had lost their ure of the aroused ranks, the committee, and the local’s pres­ Hillman seem to be able to talk strike in The M ilitant!” the pick­ yourself from the publishers’ STRIKES IN JERSEY closed shop guarantee, seniority Stalinist leaders of the New York ident, Archie Myers. publicly two ways at once. ets greeted us wit!) smiles. One violence or my. cops w ill club you rights and all privileges. The CIO dared not oppose such ac­ In New Jersey the Jersey voiced defiance of Swanson. My­ Last week these “ labor states­ comrade showed his union card into submission.” This meaning publishers, it said, were free to tion. Journal and the Bayonne Times ers stated: “ I f we must defy the men” issued a joint statement on to the picket captain, who pulled becomes all the clearer when La- hire strike-breakers. Support also was voiced by the have been closed down since June international to have the vote, the occasion of the launching of a M ilitant from his pocket and Guardia reports the decision of CIO Newspaper Guild of New 12. The ANPA forced the Intern­ we’ll do it.” a “ new educational” campaign by PUBLISHERS MOVE said, “ This is a real labor news­ ational Typographers to take York, the National Maritime the publishers to resume deliv­ the CIO Political Action Com­ Given the go-ahead signal by Union, the Shipyard Workers of paper!” eries “ with the least possible dis­ stride action when the publishers Flint auto workers are in­ For some time we stood in the mittee. “ PAC recognizes that their War Labor Board, the pub­ America, the New York News­ turbance” and adds threatening­ arbitrarily refused to recognize dignant over the do-nothing pol­ rain, urging everyone who pass­ while the overwhelming victory lishers acted. They announced boys Union Local 471, the Indus­ ly, “THEY HAVE A RIGHT TO ITU laws which have been part icies of the international union they were “ taking steps to break ed to “Read the strikers’ side!” leaders. A recent meeting of of­ won by the democratic forces in trial Union of Marine & Ship­ DO THAT.” of the collective bargaining pro­ the 1944 national election re­ the strike” and lifted the two- One worker, rushing by, stopped cedure between the publishers ficers of nine F lin t UAW-CIO building Workers Local 39, Local A t the same time, he calls the presented a serious setback fo r copy limit on over-the-counter short. “ Give me one,” he said. “ I and the union fo r the past 22 Locals adopted a resolution call­ 1 of the News Distribution Guild strikers “ men whose employment the forces of reaction those for­ sales. want to get at the bottom of years. ing on the UAW leaders to and N. Y. Local, United Office has terminated and a^e without ces have not been routed. The drive was spearheaded by this. I haven’t been able to find In Ft. Wayne, Indiana the “ establish and set in motion at and Professional Workmen. But a contract.” “Go back to work,” “ On the contrary, ana p arti­ the New York Daily News. The out anything in the other pa­ Journal Gazette and the News once the necessary procedure for the deliverers union w ill need he orders the strikers, “ You are cularly with the defeat of Hitler News managed to get some news­ pers.” Sentinel have not been published the UAW-CIO to revoke uncon­ more than the support of words. “ Read the workers’ side.” I losing ground . . . Eventually and the assurance of m ilitary vic­ boys — misguided youngsters since July 6, The Ft. Wayne ditionally its no-strike pledge” called to another. “ The Daily you w ill have to go back (to the tory over Japan, those forces who didn’t realize what they were TRY TO USE VETS printers at first refused to work and endorsed the resolution of Worker? THAT sheet?” he spat WLB) if you have an organiza­ have sharpened their attacks doing — to buy papers in bunch­ Following Sunday’s vote to re­ overtime, so. that no advertising the Detroit Regional Conference scornfully. Reassured that this tion at that time which the War against labor and the people.” es of 50 to 100. On the night of main on strike the publishers un­ LA GUARDIA Copy could be set. From June 21 demanding that the UAW of­ was The M ilitant, which supports Labor Board w ill recognize.” Wednesday, July 11, while trying doubtedly soon w ill begin even until July 6 these newspapers ap­ ficers petition for an industry­ It’s a peculiar “overwhelming every struggle of the workers, to stop the strikebreakers, two more vicious strike-breaking ac­ INVITES STRIKEBREAKING employer-dominated War Labor peared without ads. Then the wide NLRB strike vote to smash victory” which finds those, who h.e handed me a nickel for a the L ittle Steel formula. strikers were stabbed. tion. W ithin the next few days LaGuardia does not demand Board, that vicious instrument for printers walked put. They accuse received a “ serious setback” more dripping copy. that the publishers deal w ith the firm ly in the saddle than ever. The following day New York they’ll probably try to move the enforcement of the wage freeze the publishers of a lock-out. Presidents of four F lin t locals During more than eight months C ity’s police commissioner, Val­ trucks with scabs — perhaps YOUNG STRIKEBREAKERS strikers; he does not condemn the and a strikebreaker in its own In Pittsburgh a three-day sus­ have been named as a committee since the last national elections, entine, announced that he had using misguided war veterans, as Most of the strike-breaking acts of violence against the strik­ right. Like LaGuardia, the pub­ pension of the Pittsburgh Press to collaborate with the presidents the labor leaders who helped to been “informed that the publish­ they have threatened. The news­ was being done by young boys, ers; he does not arrange for the lishers are hiding behind the was caused when the Teamsters of the Detroit locals in carrying ers were going to try to move paper PM says it is reported that put this “ democratic” Congress ten or twelve years old, who city to provide relief for the WLB, which has issued order Union and the paper disagreed out the joint demands of the De­ the strike-bound trucks to cen­ in office have not been able to the Daily News has already print­ thought this was a chance to Strikers and their families to after dictatorial order against the on contract procedure over a de­ tro it and F lin t auto militants. tral distribution points. He or­ point to a single progressive act ed quantities of signs reading make “ big money.” Yet they prevent the publishers from strike. mand of the truckdrivers to take dered scores of extra police and “this truck is driven by a war were worried about scabbing. A t starving them out. No! That over delivery of certain papers * * * by this Congress or administra­ plain-clothesmen out to reinforce veteran.” least a score of our papers were would be serving the ends of jus­ IGNORE JUST DEMANDS previously handled by district tion. police details already around the The deliverymen are faced with nought by kids who changed tice. LaGuardia brazenly ignores the circulation men. Union-Busting Layoffs As the saying goes, “ one more newspaper plants. The strike­ such victory, and we are lost.” the frank and open hostility of their minds. Instead he invites the publish­ just demand of the striking un­ In St. Louis, the Newspaper When some 2,500 members of breakers would be protected. the New York City police force. “ We’re getting rooked too,” ers to try to break the strike; he ion for direct bargaining with the Carriers, who recently voted the the CIO auto ■workers union re­ * * * But for some reason the pub­ They’re being harangued and one lad told me. “ I gave one of threatens the strikers w ith police publishers. When it comes to a AFL Paper Carriers Union as its turned to work on July 12 after lishers didn’t try to move the threatened over the air by the those guys (a news dealers) violence; he tells them they have show-down, LaGuardia, or any bargaining agent, took a strike a 16-day strike at the Mack An Injury to One. . . trucks. Thinking perhaps it hadn’t city’s mayor—bumptious, blatting S3.50 to buy papers fo r me, but no jobs, no union contract; he other “liberal” capitalist politi­ vote which may close down the Truck plant in New Brunswick, W ith the slogan, “ An inju ry tat been heard the first time, the Fiorello La Guardia. I never saw head or ta il of him warns them to go crawling back cians w ill always line up, not on city’s three dailies. The union N. J., the company immediately one is an injury to all,” 6,500 CIO W ar Labor Board announced The'r backs to the wall, under again!” to thp publishers or their union the side of justice, but on the demands the management’s re­ instituted a big layoff under sen­ auto workers at the Spicer “ form ally” that it had revoked attack from all the forces the One of the pickets, a man of will be smashed, too. side of the capitalists. Labor- cognition of their right to be io rity rules which had provoked Manufacturing Company Toledo, its contract extension order of powerful publishers and theit middle age, looked gratefully at As a cover for his strikebreak­ hating newspaper publishers of considered members of a collec­ the New Brunswick walkout and Ohio, walked put on a solid strike June 14 “ by unanimous vote.” capitalist government can muster, our women comrades who werg ing policies, LaGuardia uses the the ILearst, Patterson and Salz­ tive bargaining unit. sympathy strikes of 5,400 other when the company fired an office The publishers, it repeated, were the deliverers are battling for the showing that a union struggle is burger stripe get the all-out sup­ Another newspaper strike is workers at the Mack plants in- worker who is an active 'unidh'ist. free to hire whomsoever they life of their union and by that every workers’ struggle, man- or port of the federal, state and city in progress in Birmingham, Ala­ Allentown, Pa., and Plainfield, The firing of the union office girl chose and smash both’ the strike token, fo r the security of all la­ woman. “ My own wife and 5- governments, while the striking bama. N. J. was a deliberate attempt to in­ and the union. bor. I t is the duty of every class­ year-old child were on the line Breeze CIO Auto newspaper, delivery men get noth­ A t the same time, .an Army timidate the office, workers, For their part, the publishers conscious rank and file union man earlier in the week,” he said ing but blows from both the whose contract has been stalled delivered another arrogant ulti­ in the country to say to the em­ oroudly. “ I t ’s good to have wom­ official announced sudden term­ Locals Win Gains Democratic a n d Republican ination of war contracts, effec­ for months by the WLB. matum. They told the strikers to battled independent Newspaper en help us picket.” “friends of labor.” Goodrich Layoffs Commenting on the company’s return to work by Monday, July and Mail Deliverers Union: “We He snoke of the companies’ use tive July 31, which will result in There is nothing new about La- layoffs for some 2,000 workers provocation, the Toledo Union 16 or.be discharged. Then the are on your side. Your fight is of children to break the strike. Journal, July 13, noted: “ Provok­ In New Contract Guardia’s conduct in the newspa­ in the Mack plants by September publishers made it absolutely our fight!” “ The company sells kids all the Violate Contract ing the workers by unjust firings NEWARK, N. J. July 7 — In per strike. ■ His kind of strike­ 1. About 500 workers were fired and petty sniping is on the in­ a successful conclusion to a breaking action has merely reced­ at the New Brunswick plant at crease among reactionary man­ twenty-eight day fight, the mem­ ed into the background during With Local Union the termination of the strike and agements. One of the best illus­ bership of locals 871, 823 and 267 the war while the federal gov­ AKRON, 0., July 14—'Threat­ 400 more will be laid off in 30 trations of this is seen rig ht here SINISTER WALL STREET FORCES IN of the United Auto Workers, CIO ernment did most of the dirty ened lay-offs of three hundred days. Some 850 w ill be laid o ff in Toledo where the Spicer Co. yesterday ratified the terms of a work for the bosses. Now, how­ women workers has precipitated at the Allentown plant by Au­ fired one of its office girls for new contract w ith the Breeze ever, riie capitalist dailies in New a critical situation at the Good­ gust. allegedly being late for work. Corporation. York City are being used to set rich rubber company here. ATTACK ON THE NEWSPAPER UNIONS For a year, the Mack company The strange thing in the Spicer Although the union’s central the tone fo r a full-scale anti-un­ has been stalling the proposed case and similar firings is that it "Once every year the American made to fight labor at the secret ization through which Wall Street contractual demand fo r an over­ ion drive planned by Big Busi­ Goodrich Local 5, CIO United new conti-act, which provides fo r is always the best union mem­ Newspaper Publishers Associa­ sessions we can judge best by engineers its strategy in the all, increase of 17 cents an hour ness. Capitalist politicians every­ Rubber Workers, has in its con­ a seniority system on a plant­ bers who are discriminated tion, the'House of Lords of our what happens.” newspaper field against the is not included in the new con­ where w ill from now on be called tract with the company a provi­ wide basis instead of the old de­ against. If would be strange in­ press, meets in secret,” declares Alfred McKlee, historian American working class. tract, the negotiations were an upon more and more by Big Busi­ sion that there shall be no lay­ George Seldes in his book Lords of contemporary journalism, de­ The ANPA sets the policy of ness to do strikebreaking jobs. partmental basis. The company deed if the workers did not resent important victory for the three lo­ offs until the work week has been had agreed to the new system, of the Press. In these “ closed clares fla tly that the ANPA “ has playing up vicious hate stories And like LaGuardia, they will such treatment and retaliate as cals involved. Each of the four reduced to allow transfers. How­ but violated its agreement in meetings they discuss ways and sometimes been a powerful ad­ directed against racial and na­ heed their master’s voice. ever, the War Manpower Com­ best they can against the indus­ previous contracts with this bit­ order to disrupt the union. tria l Bourbons.” means of fighting labor and their junct in legislative circles to the tional minorities. The ANPA terly anti-union corporation had mission, claiming that it cannot own employes who demand high­ lobbies of the United States plots the campaign of lies to been secured only after fourteen WOULD ACT THE BA ME relax the 48-hour work week O’Dwyer and Goldstein, the er wages .. they defend the em­ Chambers of Commerce, the Na­ besmirch the labor movement. to fifteen months of fruitless ne­ ruling in Akron as long as it is ployment of child labor, they take tional Association of Manufac­ The ANPA consistently displays gotiations followed by War La­ Democratic and Republican candi­ a critical manpower area, has SWP BRANCH united action against a Congres­ turers and the trade associations the rapacious American imperial­ bor Board arbitration and deci­ dates fo r mayor of New York refused to permit a cut in the sional measure which would keep of specific industries'.” ists as benefactors of' humanity. sions. City, are cut from the same cloth work week for women to allow drugmakers from poisoning or On the basis of carefully docu­ To fight this sinister organiza­ As a result of m ilitant action, as LaGuardia. In fact LaGuardia the 300 women to transfer into ACTIVITIES cheating the American people, and mented investigations, Ferdinand tion effectively, labor must de- including an eleven-day walkout has O. K .’d both of them. To other departments. they gloat over their own strike­ Lundberg charges in his book re a n d full investigation of and a unanimous strike vote un­ his police mind, both are “ safe.” CIO members pf the Wav Man­ AKRON — Joseph Andrews, MILWAUKEE — Visit the Mil­ breaking department which offers America’s 60 Families: “ The der the provisions of the Smith- Both O’Dwyer and Goldstein power Commission, Gideon Lowe ANPA’s ties with the power and writer of The Militant articles waukee branch of the SWP at scabs not only to members but journalism of the United States, Connally Act, the present con­ would act just as LaGuardia has and George Bass, have demanded paper trusts, with the powerful on the Akron strikes, will dis­ its headquarters, 926 Planking- to anyone who wants to fight acted in the newspaper strike. a reduction in the work week from top to bottom, is the per­ banking interests, with the ruling tract waS secured in twenty- cuss “ The Meaning on the ton Ave., Room 21, any evening unions.” sonal affa ir — bought and paid Wall Street oligarchy which dom­ eight days of direct negotiation, Hillman and the Stalinists have fo r women at Goodrich to prev­ betrayed the American Labor ent layoffs. Rubber Strike,” Sunday, July between 7 and 9:30 p. m. The current newspaper strikes for — of the wealthy families. inates the country. free from the hamstringing in­ 20 at 7 p. m., at the Akron Party into support of the in New York and elsewhere prov­ There is little in American jour­ Open up the books of the pub­ terference of the WLB. M ilitant Club, 405 Everett • capitalist politician O’Dwyer. PROMISES ACTION ide fresh evidence of the truth nalism to

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“ Labor with a white shin Southern Bourbon Poll-Tax Congressmen cannot emancipate itself where labor with a black The NEGRO skin is branded.” —K arl Marx

Lynch Fair Employment Practices Committee STRUGGLE by CHARLES JACKSON § (Continued from page 1) Q on these other agencies, demand­ second clause says the funds that it should leave no doubt as âtoiiiiiiiaiiiiiiiiiiiiD im iiiiiitoiiiiiiim iam iiiiiiiioiiiiiiiiiioim iiiiiioiiiiiïï ing a roll call vote on FEPC. MAY BE USED fo r “ continued to what party is standing for operation.” The “ MAY BE” ap­ the protection of minority rights.” THE AMENDMENT TROTSKYISTS PREDICTED An Open Letter to Negro Communists parently lies w ithin the discretion When the party of Harding, Finally the House committee of the committee itself, which is Coolidge and Hoover can claim Comrades: reported out the Senate b ill but dominated by friends of the a better record than the Demo­ Every Negro who proudly calls himself a Communist — tacked on the following amend­ Southern Bourbon congressmen. crats, that record must really be THE FATE OF THE FEPC who believes that communism is the only hope for Negro equal­ ment: It is evident that FEPC is dead bad! When Roosevelt set up the Fair Employment Practices Com­ ity and for working-class security, who hopes and works for “For completely terminating as a dodo. the functions and duties of the But there are people so low mittee in 1941, supporters of the New Deal hailed this act as the the abolition of the rule of the “ Sixty Families” and for the Committee on Fair Employment The liberal PM, which follows they are w illing to whitewash beginning of the end of racial discrimination and segregation establishment of the Socialist United States of America where Practices, including such of the a consistent policy of white­ even the Jim Crow record of the exploitation and racial discrimination would be public crimes washing the administration, is in America. The Roosevelt regime, they claimed, had taken up objects specified in the ap­ Democratic Party. Marcantonio numbers one and two — every such Negro, if he belongs to the forced to admit in its July 13 of the American Labor Party the battle against Jim Crow. propriation for such agency for Even .after a two-year test,' Communist (Stalinist) Political Association, has an immediate the fiscal year 1945 as may be issue: “ I t is clear that the war­ declared the “ compromise” was BILBO time agency to outlaw job satisfactory to him. “We won’t demagogues in the labor move­ opposition resulted, in the summer duty to perform. incidental to its liquidation, ment' still pointed to FEPC as of 1942, in Roosevelt’s transfer of lutionists but they are always — $250,000." discrimination suffered a sub­ even try to amend it,” he declared order establishing a new FEPC Whether you carry out this as in Italy, Belgium and Greece stantial defeat,” blandly. And then, in direct con­ evidence that the Roosevelt the FEPC from the jurisdiction Representative Colmer of Mis­ regime had championed equality of the White House to that of which like its predecessor has n'o task now may well mean the d if­ — ready, by their cooperation The killing of FEPC was so tradiction to the facts, he con-:' sissippi attempted to make this in hiring for the Negro people. M cNutt’s War Manpower Com­ power to abolish Jim Crow in in­ ference between victory and de­ with the Allied imperialists or raw that neither the House nor eluded: “ It leaves no string tied clause the sole one to govern the James W. Ford, one of the Negro mission, whose finances are con­ dustry. There isn’t an informed feat of all you strive for — the in other ways, to k ill the revolu­ the Senate took a roll-call vote. to FEPC. It can go on through expenditure of funds. However, it trolled by Congressional commit­ person in Washington who difference between Negro libera­ tion when push comes to shove. They passed the measure by the fiscal year.” Stalinist leaders, declared for in­ was too raw fo r the advocates of tees largely dominated by the honestly believes after these tion under Socialism or Negro They do this because they know voice vote, thus preventing the stance in the Daily Worker of FEPC who required a face-saving STALINIST FAKERS A p ril 10, 1943: poll-taxers. Many labor and Negro developments that the new FEPC extermination under American that the world revolution would position of individual Congress­ w ill meet a happier end than the also mean the return to workers’ formula to cover their retreat. The Daily Worker official organ “ The government has a well- organizations condemned this fascism. Important as it is, it is men from becoming know to the old one. democracy in the Soviet Union As the sole clause it was voted of the Stalinists went even' established policy against dis­ transfer as a move to make the not a hard job but an easy one; public. These tools of Big Busi­ “ The fate of the FEPC is a and therefore an end to the par­ down 188 to 116, but was in­ further. The July 13 issue hails crimination of Negro citizens in FEPC even more powerless than not a dirty job but a refreshing ness who claim to be “represen­ sign of thp things to come. To asitic domination of Stalin and cluded w ith the following clauses the amendment as a “ smashing war industries. That policy was it had been previously, and re­ one. tatives of the people” fear to let this it should be added, fo r the his bureaucray. The Stalinist as part of the final amendment: defeat for red-baiting, as well as established by President Roose­ quested that it be restored to its the people know how they voted! benefit of those looking ahead to leaders understand their task and “ Provided, that if and until the a victory for the right of Ne­ velt’s Executive Order 8802, previous status. Finally in De­ DECIDE NOW! Even the Republican Party, the postwar period, that the are working toward it. Can you Committee on F air Employment groes, Jews, Mexicans and other issued June 25, 1941. One cannot cember 1942, Roosevelt answered Your job, comrades, is to hon­ reactionary as is its record on FEPC had authority to in­ say the same? Practices is continued by an act minorities to work without deny that much has been accom­ these protests with the statement estly and conscientiously review Jim Crow, was able to make vestigate only war plants and of Congress, the amount named discrimination.” plished in the elimination of job that he saw no necessity fo r any and reevaluate the program and herein may be used for its con­ capital out of the debacle. Senator was never intended to function tactics of your party and decide LENIN’S VERDICT Morse, Republican of Oregon, discrimination, that many hun­ changes in the situation because When the Second International tinued operation until an addi­ The Stalinists have given the the FEPC is ‘still under direct after the war anyhow.” now whether, as genuine Com­ declared that the amendment was dreds o f thousands of Negro turned patriotic as a result of tional appropriation shall have Roosevelt regime vociferous sup­ control of the Chief Executive.’ munists, you are in the' rig ht “ designed in fact to thwart workers have been put to work ANALYSIS CONFIRMED the pressure of the last War been provided: port. In the New York election He also made reference to the party or the wrong party. You FEPC” and played “ into the in war industries. The Fair Em­ This fine analysis of FEPC by Lenin pronounced it dead and they are now throwing their announcement that the FEPC was must make this réévaluation not in “Provided further that in no hands of those who want to ployment Practices Committee the Trotskyist writer, Albert and went on to form the Third. case shall these funds be avail­ forces behind O’Dwyer, Demo­ (FE'PC) was an effective instru­ planning soon to go ahead with the prejudiced sense of friendship destroy FEPC. . . I do not think cratic candidate for mayor. To i ’arker, has been confirmed to the Wake up to the fact that able fo r expenditure beyond June ment in exposing cases of a number of open hearings. ties or blind loyalty to the CPA, my party has lived up to its justify this support they are hilt. The Southern Bourbon Con­ tlic Third International is dead SO, 1946,” discrimination and forcing em­ but in the impartial light of hard pledge (concerning the FEPC) willing to go to any lengths in GOOSE COOKED gressmen utilized their control facts and loyalty to the revolu­ as far as the fight to overthrow I f the war w ith Japan should ployers to hire Negroes. . ." in the Chicago Convention; white-washing the Democratic over its finances to strangle the tionary socialist program. capitalism is concerned! Only the end before that date, FEPC w ill “ But the goose of the FEPC otherwise it would never have Party. In signalizing the FEPC FORETOLD FEPC FATE FEPC. Although the Committee The Stalinist party, as we Fourth International can lead the likewise be summarily ended. had already been cooked in spite accepted this compromise” amendment cooked up by the Of all the political parties, the will still exist on paper for a pointed out last week, no longer coming progressive social over- This weasel-worded amendment of these typically Rooseveltian The Senator then revealed why Southern Bourbon Congressmen Trotskyists alone told the truth short period, its sole real activity comes up to the qualifications of tufn. permits the advocates of FEPC in assurances. A month later Jim it was even a Republican could as a “victory” for racial minori­ about FEPC and correctly fore­ w ill be to carry out its own a revolutionary party. The name To quote The M ilitant of June Congress to claim a “ victory.” Crow scored another victory in make political capital out of the ties they are simply following told its fate. Albert Parker, well liquidation. Thus, far from using ‘communist’ in this case is a 16; “The Socialist Workers The clauses, however, are quite Washington when Me Nutt, death of FEPC: “ The record of the dictum of H itler and Stalin known columnist of The Militant, the FEPC to end Jim Crow, the treacherous misnomer. Many hon­ Party and the world Trotskyist clear. The firs t clause specifies against the expressed wishes of my party is so much better than that the bigger the lie the more now in the armed forces, wrote government did just the opposite; est Negro militants are still being parties are the only workers’ or­ the liquidation of FEPC. The the FEPC members, suddenly that of the other major party people believe it. as follows in his pamphlet Ne­ called o ff an already scheduled jt plotted w ith the advocates of duped into believing that this ganizations which can hold their groes in the Post-War World, hearing on discriminatory em­ Jim Crow to end the FEPC. The party really means to lead the heads high with pride in their published July, 1943: ployment policies of the railroads, lesson fo r the Negro people is workers of the world to power. unsullied banner. We are the ¡clear. I f trust is placed in a only organization which pursued “ . . . Executive Order 8802... a hearing which Negro leaders The Stalinists in America are. reactionary government to end a Marxist - Leninist policy Midwest Vacation School Students gave.. .no powers to force anyone had described as a ‘key test’ of pursuing a reformist, not a rev­ McNutt’s attitude toward the discrimination, the battle is lost olutionary socialist policy. They throughout the war in the great to do anything. The FEPC was from the start. Only through tradition of Liebknecht and Lenin. set up by Roosevelt to ward off Negro. are not out to destroy the out­ Learn Marxism, Enjoy Happy Time m ilitant struggle can even the worn capitalist system but to Ours was the only true struggle the projected March-On-Wash- “In the four months after this, mildest concessions be gained. against fascism; ours was the The second week of the Mid- very often to engage in informal rtn Creel instructed a. large num- ington in the summer of 1941, the FEPC achieved absolutely patch it up. They resemble the West Vacation school was as big political discussions. ber of comrades in the principles discredited Social Democrats of only true defense of the USSR. and was a concession without any nothing: some of its members Not fo r a moment did we sus­ a success as the first in the opin­ The food was varied, well-cook­ of M arxist economics. teeth in it. The FEPC helped a resigned; Roosevelt promised, Germany who were responsible ed, and served in prodigious quan­ fo r the failure of the German pend the revolutionary socialist ion' of the more than twenty Workers attending the school little by a few open hearings to again after many protests had struggle. We did not tell any tities. One comrade was heard came from many different parts Modern Welding revolution after World War I. workers and students who at­ publicize the scandalous .situation been made, that the railroad lies about the character of the to “complain:” “ Meat, meat — of the country. A large number tended. in industry, and it prevailed on a hearings would be held after all; REFORMIST POLICIES war. We told only the truth. We every day the same thing!” were from New York, including Serious study alternated with few employers to hire some Negro McNutt and Attorney General Cooperation with the “prog­ tirelessly exposed the deception several from the Trotskyist Youth workers. Its ineffectualness was And the Welder indoor and outdoor recreation in Four classes were held in all, Biddle called a number of organ­ ressive” capitalists, supporting of the Stalinists, the Social-Dem­ two at the same time. During Group. There were also repres­ amply demonstrated when it held The greatest teachers of the providing an interesting and en-' izations to a conference to sug­ the imperialist war, accepting the ocrats and all other flunkies of entatives from Toledo, Akron, a hearing in Birmingham (Ala­ working class — Marx, Lenin and joyable week of relaxation from the first hour-and-a-half Wm. gest means of reconstituting and paralyzing no-strike pledge, ad­ imperialism. For this 18 of our Warde taught a group in the Chicago, Milwaukee, Minneapolis bama) in 1942, where it was more strengthening the FEPC; McNutt Trotsky — have pointed out that the grind of everyday work. vising against militant, mass pro­ leaders ’¡vere thrown into prison. Marxist philosophy of Dia­ and Seattle. or less openly defied by the Jim explained many times after that lessons of theory are to be glean­ Classes were held in the morn­ tests in the struggle fo r Negro But our party was not destroyed, lectical Materialism while Mac Crow employers. conference that the delay in ed from various processes, wheth­ ings from 9:30 ’til 12:30 and the Many comrades expressed a rights, supporting the Roosevelt not even weakened. It grew ingersoll led the less experienc­ “ Despite its impotence, the er they occur in nature, society remainder of the day was left desire to return to the camp la­ further action was due to the and Truman administrations of stronger under persecution and ed students in a basic Marxism FEPC was the object of much difficulty in getting a new chair­ or the mind. This point is ex­ open fo r the comrades to engage ter in the summer, and some are Big Business profiteering and of is now rallying more and more course. During the second pe­ opposition, especially from the man fo r the agency. Finally a cellently illustrated by an article in all soi’ts of sports from swim­ planning to do so. Any worker Jim Crow armies — all these revolutionary militants under its riod George Collins led a class .Southern Democratic poll - tax new chairman was secured, Mgr. on welding which appeared in the ming and rowing to softball and who can possibly get the time are reformist policies. Further­ banner of uncompromising strug­ through the history of the Fourth bloc in Washington, who hated it Francis J. Haas, dean a t Catholic April 1945 Fourth International. badminton. In the evening groups to do so should join these advanc­ more, regardless of the new fake gle against the rotten system of .nternational with special emph­ ed fighters fo r socialism fo r at as a symbol of the government’s University which has barred The whole approach of the author of workers gathered in t* **he re­ “turn” to the left, the Stalinists capitalism with its wars, its pov­ asis on the growth of the Social­ least a week of study and recrea­ rig ht to ‘encroach’ in any way Negro athletes from its track is a clarification of how, in the creation hall to play ping-pong, are still backing in their new erty, its oppression.” ist Workers Party in the United tion at the Midwest Vacation on the right of the states to treat meets, and on May 27, 1943, common industrial processes, chess and checkers, to dance, and resolution each of the policies Dark-skinned comrades within States. A t the same time War- School. the Negroes as they please. This Roosevelt issued a new executive work in which millions are en­ gaged, theoretical questions are listed above. What kind of a the Stalinist snare: You w ill have at bottom involved. An extract fight for Communism is that? to answer in the future not only follows: What real Communists in the to the workers as a whole, but Open-Air Lakeside Class at Vacation School rank and file can be expected to “ When I was a school kid, especially to the doubly-oppress­ support such a program of be­ there was a sentence in Brigham ed Negro people. The social-pa­ Pioneer trayal ? triotic reformists of yesterday and McFarland’s big geography book that held real charm fo r me. Why does your leadership take are scorned today; while Lenin, I read it again and again, and such a course? The Trotskyists the “fanatical” revolutionist, is unconsciously memorized it: ‘A — the real Communists — have revered by the world’s workers. man can stand within the short­ pointed out for years that the You can be hero or heel. The Notes world Stalinist parties are only est distance of the hottest bon­ Negro workers w ill decide tomor­ a pawn in the counter-revolu­ row which choice YOU made to­ Thousands of new readers of fire, but he seeks the shade of a tree to escape the heat which has tionary diplomacy of the bureau­ day. The Militant are following the cracy in the Soviet Union. They Yours for Getting There accounts of the national tour of traveled 93 million miles.’ masquerade in the guise of revo- CHARLES JACKSON Grace Carlson who is speaking, “On entering the factory work­ from first-hand experience, on shop I was confronted by a fa r the subject “ Women in Prison” more amazing example of the to branches of the Socialist same phenomenon. I saw a man Workers Party throughout the guide a six thousand degree flame country. Many of the new read­ — a temperature comparable to that of the sun itself estimated at ers have been able to attend the 11,000 degrees F. — across a meetings at which Comrade Carl­ piece of metal with a little 3,000 son has spoken and to make the degree pool of molten iron acquaintance of the sole woman under the flame, that cooled each among the 18 Socialist Workers moment, as the flame traveled Party leaders who were impris­ on, to a solid red heat of 1200 oned in the Minneapolis Labor degrees, and then more slowly to Case. ‘normal.’ And all this time, if It is timely to call to the at­ Students and teacher enjoy an outdoor class at the Grass Lake, Michigan Midwest Vacation School. Here, on the beautiful he was working on sheet metal, tention of new readers the shoreline of-the sparkling lake, William F. Warde leads a discussion on Marxist philosophy. he used his bare hands, bracing pamphlets which have been put himself with one hand on the me­ out by Pioneer Publishers on the tal only a few inches from this Minneapolis trial, the major case terrific heat. This seeming par­ CONTENTS during the war involving rights Plan "M ilitant" Picnic adox need only to be clearly JULY. 1945 of labor and freedom of speech stated to be grasped. The quan­ which resulted in ’the imprison­ Review of the Month tity of heat is one thing while its Leninism vs. Stalinism ment of Grace CarlSon and the 17 In Eastern Pennsylvania quality is something else again. other fighters for the working FASCISM USES MIDDLE CLASS For example, a cupful of boiling The Recent Strike Wave PH ILAD ELPH IA, Penn. — class. Four pamphlets, in an erty Bell” Station 84. A cold, water w ill make hardly more than M inistry Makers and “ Leftist” Delegates from the three East­ attractive box. under the title of clear pool and spring brook in a a dent in a 25 pound cake of ice. ern Pennsylvania branches of the TO ESTABLISH ITS MASS BASE Fakers ...... ■*.... by Hemu, Kalani The Case for Socialism, are being beautiful grove, w ith fields for But place this ice in a tub of Evolution of the Communist International sold at the special price of 25 Socialist Workers Party met Sun­ games and ample parking space, Fascism is not born solely from gold, have “ set marching” such lukewarm water and it w ill quick­ cents. The pamphlets are Social­ day, July 8 to launch plans for make-this an ideal picnic spot. the desire and subsidies of human forces if the masses had ly disappear.” (A Historical Review) a M ilitant Readers’ Picnic to be not previously been in a state of ism on T rial by James P. Cannon, There are hundreds of new capitalist magnates. “ To declare,” Was the German Working Class Responsible In Defense of Socialism by A l­ held all day Sunday, August 4 at Militant readers in the Allentown instability and discontent that From the article Modern Weld­ Silone observes truly, “ that these For Nazism? ...... by Felix Morrow bert Goldman, Who Are the 18 the Stump Farm in Quakertown, Quakertown - Reading - Philadel­ conditioned them fo r conquest. ing and the Welder, in FOURTH Pennsylvania. The 30-acre Stump organizations are only a diabolic The Rising German Revolution .. by John G. W right Prisoners in the Minneapolis La­ phia area. Here they w ill be As a matter of fact, in Italy as INTERNATIONAL for April Farm is very close to the “Lib- invention of finance capital, wish­ Trotskyist Tasks in Europe .. by W illiam Simmons bor Case? and Why We Are in able to become better acquainted 1945. Prison. with each other and meet those ing to preserve its rule, is not in Germany, the various social International Notes: India, Ireland, Germany Socialism on T rial is the offi­ tains a summary of the salient who are helping to make The enough fo r an understanding of layers intermediate between big From the Arsenal of Marxism cial court record of James P. Can­ facts of the case and brief biog­ Militant the leading workers’ pa­ the nature of these forces which capitalist bourgeoisie and organ­ discontented an escape from their Perspectives of World Development—I I non’s testimony in the Minnea­ per in America. As many as pos­ rise from the depths of society.” ized proletariat, who were victims raphies of the 18 who were put misery. But in reality, the work­ by Leon Trotsky polis trial. A dramatic primer behind bars because they “ fought sible of the M ilitant readers near­ Doubtless, in the beginning, when of both the developments and the ing class showed itself incapable of the revolutionary movement, for the interests of labor, for by will be personally invited to they are still playing merely the crisis of capitalism, were pro­ of leading the way. Instead it this testimony covers a wide their ideas, and for a better join in the day’s outing. role of “ anti-labor militia_,” the foundly discontented with their was fascism which exploited the range of Marxist theory. Never world.” In the pamphlet Why Plans call for a sports program fascist bands recruit many ad­ condition, material as well as discontent of these various social before have the ideas and pro­ We Are in Prison are included for children and adults. Refresh­ venturers with the mentality of moral. They dreamed of a radical strata, aroused them against the gram of socialism been so sys­ the farewell speechs the defend­ ments and food w ill be provided mercenaries. But as fascism change. A t once the question organized proletariat, and what tematically presented in a capi­ ants made just before they went at low prices that cover only ex­ orientates itself towards the con­ arises: why did they not turn is worse, succeeded in detaching ta list court. In Defense of So­ to prison- penses. Admission will be free. quest of power and becomes a to socialism? No doubt a number from organized labor certain * * * cialism is the official record of Readers wishing further infor­ great mass movement, the motives of clashing interests and certain proletarian groups. the final speech for the defense The Case fo r Socialism (four mation or those who wish to help that bring to it thousands of antipathies separated them from by Albert Goldman who was de­ pamphlets on the Minneapolis distribute tickets may write to: human beings become more com­ the organized proletariat. But * * * fense attorney as well as one of tria l) 25 cents. Order from Pio­ Picnic Chairman, care of Labor plex and require painstaking these conflicts would have been (From “ Fascism and Big Busi­ the defendants. neer Publishers, 116 University Forum, 405 W. Girard Ave., Phil­ analysis. The capitalist magnates surmounted if the revolutionary ness,” by Daniel Guerin, pp. 27- Who Are the 18 Prisoners con- Place, New York 3, N. Y. adelphia 23, Pa. could never, in spite of all their proletariat had opened up fo r the 28. Pioneer Publishers, 1939). SATURDAY, JULY 21, 1945 THE MTETTKNT PAGE PIVE Socialist Workers Party’s Fighting Platform For The Election Campaign In New York City of this, race hatred, secretly fostered by the childx-en left at home by working mothers! capitalist politicians, creeps thi'ough the city like Scandal after scandal has exposed the insuf­ a deadly plague. ferable conditions in the city-administered hos­ N. Y. Trotskyist Candidates PREAMBLE Despite all the glib promises of the boss poli­ pitals. Woefully under-staffed, the hospitals can­ ticians to utilize the power of their offices to not possibly give decent care to patients. Ap­ propriations are so low that not even pi'oper This year’s municipal elections are perhaps the despite his refusal to bargain collectively with establish fa ir employment practices, once elected food can be provided, let alone proper medical most important in the history of New York. The city employes. They supported him despite one of they tear up their promises as so much campaign postwar depression, now looming on the horizon, the worst scandals ever uncovered in New York propaganda and lend aid and comfort to the care. In many wards insanitary conditions prevail. Recent exposures prove the city hospitals will sweep through the country’s largest city LaGuax-dia’s payment of hundreds of millions of Negro-haters and Jew-baiters. Negroes are must be overhauled from top to bottom, new with devastating effect. Already sky-rocketing dollars to the transport companies fo r the city’s forced into the most menial low-paid jobs. When prices, staggering taxes, and frozen wages have own subways! lay-offs .come, they are the first to be kicked buildings added to existing facilities, and the staffs expanded. ■ cut deeply into the standard of living of the And now the ALP leadei-s have formed an into the streets. people. Shortages are growing. Rationing is be­ unholy alliance with Tammany Hall in this Defend the Negroes’ rig h t to decent jobs at coming more unbearable. The black market is election. In a sordid evil-smelling back room deal, decent wages! Fight segregation and discrim­ 7. Modernize the Subway tightening its stranglehold. they agreed to throw their support to O’Dwyer— ination everywhere! Make democracy a reality Mass lay-offs are now under way. Wage slashes fresh px-oof that they are captives of the Wall in New Yox-k! System ! A vote for the Trotskyist candidates is a vote are in store fo r those who manage to hang on to Street politfeal machines. Transportation in New York has deteriorated their, jobs. Compulsory arbitration and govern­ fo r genuine struggle to kill Jim Crow! Dirty Role of the Stalinists steadily. The elevated lines torn down at the ment strikebreaking are on the order of the day. beginning of the war fo r scrap iron have not The Stalinists, organized in the Communist 5. Full Recognition for the been replaced by new subway lines. Equipment What Does the Future Hold? Political Association, have played an especially already dangerously run down when LaGuardia Millions of workers in uniform returning to dirty role. In 1941 they supported LaGuardia, Rights of the War Veterans! took over the subway leases from the private joining the Social Democrats in swinging the their homes w ill find, not 60,000,000 jobs, but a The New York bankers and capitalists are companies, is worn out. Wrecks endangering the ALP along with them. They painted O’Dwyer in permanent army of conscripts and a vast army of carefully preparing for the return of the armed lives of thousands of passengers can occur at any that election as a follower of the “divisive Hitler unemployed. Heroes today, w ill they face the forces. As the veterans seek to change the un­ time! Public safety requires immediate replace­ technique." Among O’Dwyer’s supporters they same future as the veterans of World War I: bearable conditions of the postwar wotld, Wall ment of all worn-out equipment. It is high time listed “ the Coughlinites," “ Beobachter, the official Louise Simpson, 21-year-old member of the ILGWU, the Hoovervilles, tear gas, police clubs? Sti'eet hopes to turn them against racial and to junk the antiquated cars still in use and install organ of the New York Bund,” and the “ Tam­ Trofskyist candidate for New York City Council, and Farrell What do the capitalist political parties in New national minorities, poison them against the labor modern, noise-proof, aix--conditioned trains! many corruptionists,” who for window dressing Dobbs, editor of The Militant, who is the Trotskyist candidate York offer the workers as a solution to their movement and organize them into reactionary Expand transportation to eliminate dangerous nominated “ O’Dwyer, a tiger washed and ironed for mayor. Their platform appears in fu ll on this page of burning problems? They offer political stooges fascist-like gangs. congestion! Put the Transport Workers Union into the shape of a crusading District Attorney.” The Militant. of Wall ¡Street, hand-picked in smoke-filled back Through its control of the city administration, in charge of overhauling the transport system! Now, in the 1945 elections, the Stalinists are rooms by the bosses of New York’s corrupt Wall Street hopes it can make New York a model No one knows better than the subway workers supporting this very same Tammany “ tiger” ! The political machines! for other would-be fascists like Mayor Hague what is required! Operate the subways under Daily Worker even says O’Dwyer was “ always The Tammany - dominated Democratic Party of Jersey City and thus set in motion powerful control of the subway workers! represents the real estate corporations, the close to labor” ! forces that could crush the labor movement in Between election years, the boss politicians SHOP TALKS The Liberal Party is controlled by the Social wealthy merchants and the Wall Street pluto­ America. have many times proposed raising the five-cent Democrats and plays just as miserable a role crats. Tied in with vicious rackets, Tammany The workers of New York, on the other hand, fare to ten cents. They are strangely silent as the ALP. This party, too, received a large Hall—graft-ridden, rotten and venal—has long can inspire the whole country with a model ex­ about this when they ask the voters to put them working class vote in the last election, clear been a by-word for the worst in city politics. ample of the right way to greet the returning in office. But so long as these politicians have proof that the workers of New York are sick '/!//• Win • Wall Street politicians running on a so-called veterans. F irst of all, the labor movement should a monopoly of city politics and are free to carry --->0)<=vcTi; and tired of capitalist politics and want an inde­ “ reform” ticket have promised again and again help them organize in the fight for their rights. on their back room deals, the five-cent fare w ill pendent labor party. But th’e heads of the Liberal to clean out this sink of corruption. But Tammany A gain for the war veterans is a gain for labor! not be safe. They let px-ivate companies bleed — By V. Grey Party launched this organization in the first .. — - Hall simply draws back into the shadows, And the other way around! the subway system white and then paid them place through a split from the ALP that had no manipulates behind the scenes, and plots a come­ At the beginning of the war the government hundreds o f millions of dollars fo r the leases. We were working the four to twelve shift last week. One justification ill principle. They did not consult back. This year Tammany Hall is maneuvering took over big hotels to house the draftees. Now That is the only reason the subways do not show night when it was raining, a little bunch of us stood at the out­ the rank arid file. They did not abide by major­ to take over the city administration once more. let the city administration take over the big a huge profit on the books! side door of the washroom where It opens into the driveway. It ity decision. They were concerned with posts, hotels, the swank apartments, the million-dollar had been awful hot and we were trying to enjoy the rain a couple There Are No Real Differences not the principles of independent working class mansions to provide immediate housing fo r the 8. Tax the Rich N ot of minutes before going back to wox-k. The Republican flunkies of the Wall Street political action. .They never really wanted to , Over across from us, maybe a quarter of a mile, the strip war veterans and their families! build an independent labor party. They split in bankers have no real differences w ith Tammany Billions wei'e spent to feed and clothe the m ill stands. A flash of heat lightning broke from the clouds order to free their hands fo r shady deals with the P o o r! Hall. Their perspective, too, is another depression, draftees. Now let the city administration do right over it, and a big clap of thunder came a second later. capitalist candidates; in many cases the very Big Business has rolled up the most phenom­ permanent conscription and a Third “World War. its part fo r the war veterans by providing them “ Gee” Shorty said. “Jt looks just like a bomb dropped on the strip same candidates supported by the ALP. In this enal profits in all history! The merchants, land­ Thgjf Hoover - Dewey - Goldstein machine lays jobs at decent wages thi-ough an adequate pro­ m ill, doesn’t it? ” election the Liberal Party has been converted lords and bankers of New York have made their claim to office solely as a more efficient executor gram of public works! Slim thought a minute, and he said “ Yeah. I was just thinking into the tail of the Republican elephant. greatest financial gains since the First World of Wall Street’s program. The Trotskyist candidates believe the“ trade we’re lucky not to be Japanese steel workers tonight. I f a couple The worker who wants independent political War. But the boss politicians have placed the The American Labor Pax-ty at one time repre­ unions should fight fo r the rights of the war of bombs hit this m ill how could any of us escape?” representation, and who intends to voice this staggering burden of taxation on the working sented the hope of New York workers fo r an in­ veterans as a vital issue. Vote against capitalist Nobody said anything. But when you’re standing in the dark need and demand, can do so only by voting for people. The city sales tax is wrung out of the dependent party that would fight the Wall Street maneuvers to exploit the veterans! Vote for after working hard your thoughts are clearer, somehow. And thejr the Trotskyist candidates. The Socialist Workers poor. On top of this outrageous tax, the lower political machines. The large vote cast fo r the candidates who w ill defend the interests of the seenx to just slide out of you. Party has become the major political force car­ wage brackets have been shouldered w ith griev­ ALP in past elections came fxx>m workehs seeking veterans! Make the struggle for veterans’ rights rying on the fight for independent working class ous income taxes .that slash heavily into the an independent voice in city politics. I ’liey have a union fight in this election!! Japanese Steel Workers Are Like Us political action. A vote for any of the capitalist fam ily budget. Wall Street reaps bloodstained been cruelly betrayed by the ALP leaders. These When you stop to think of it; there they are just like us candidates is simply a vote th ro w into the sewer profits from the battlefields while the poor are treacherous politicians lined up in the camp of working in the heat—sweating their heads off for Bethlehem-san of boss class politics. A vote for the Trotskyist 6. Safeguard the Workers’ fox-ced to pay the terrible costs of imperialist LaGuai'dia. They supported LaGuardia despite or whatever the Japanese steel corporation’s name is. Their wages candidates, on the other hand, is a powerful blow war. Tammany Hall* the Republicans and all his having turned the police on strikers and un­ and conditions are ten times worse than. ours. And maybe they fo r labor’s independent political action! Standard of Living! the rest of the political agents of the rich seek employed demonstrators. They supported him can’t even take a minute after lunch to look at the rain. The LaGuardia administration pi-omised to office in order to perpetuate this i-uthless system. Abolish the city sales tax! Levy a heavy tax Johnny Dylek said, “ That’s who always gets it in a war—the keep down the cost of living in line with the | working people.” Johnny is Polish. His aunt and uncle haven’t promises of the Washington' bureaucrats. What on the greedy Teal estate interests. Petition Congress to abolish all taxes on incomes below been heard from since 1940. Ten-Point Platform of the Trotskyist Candidates colossal hypocrisy! I t was LaGuardia who levied “And the worst of it is they doix’t have anything to do with a city sales tax for the first time in New Yox-k’s $5,000 a year! Demand confiscation of all war profits! it either,” Shorty added. “I mean they didn’t start it,” he said, history. The capitalist candidates seeking to realizing that it is the working people after all who have to fight every worker on the payroll at his full rate of succeed LaGuardia are silent about this tax lev­ the wars for their bosses. 1. For Independent pay! elled against the poor. That means they suppox-t 9. M ake New Y o rk a 100 So we got talking about different little things—how Johnny it and intend to continue it! Percent Union City! had a letter from his brother in Silesia. And his brother was Working Class Political 3. Operate Government- Prices in New York have skyrocketed beyond sore because he couldn’t talk to any Germans. And he couldn’t the reach of the average family. Instead of Trotskyist candidates in office would foster talk to any Polish refugees either. How he had a Polish g irl­ A c tio n ! Built Plants Under fighting these price rises, the capitalist politi­ trade unionism, utilizing their power to break friend that he couldn’t see any more, and a lot of other things. cians have protected the profiteers. Instead of up the employer-police-court combination. Above City politics are doomed to remain the mono­ That reminded Shorty of a letter from his cousin in Belgium. helping the workers to increase wages to meet all they would see that the city adnxinisti-ation poly of corrupt political machine bosses until the Workers’ Control! His cousin wrote hinx how the American officers were getting to the rising cost of living, the boss political ma­ itself recognized the principles of unionism. For workers organize their own independent party. be pretty nasty. “ Just like Stebbs,” his cousin said. And Stebbs Industry in the New York area expanded enor­ chines have fought tooth and nail to keep wages the first time the pity employes would be able All the gains made by labor through decades of was the geixeral foreman we used to have, who was a little swag­ mously as a result of war production. Government frozen. Among the lowest paid sections of work­ to break the deadlock in their relations with the gering dictator-. A regular Hitler. struggle will be menaced by the Wall Street funds b uilt new plants and increased the capacity ers are those employed by the city itself, the city administx-ation. Trotskyist candidates recog­ sharks until the working class voters put in office of old ones. The capitalist candidates remain teachers, librarians, firemen, transit, sanitation, nize not only collective bargaining but the right Things You’re Not Supposed to Think About their own representatives. The worst crime of completely silent while Wall Street takes over hospital and park workers. to strike. the ALP and Liberal Party is their support of “ I t ’s the same in the Pacific,” Slim said. “ Only you don’t hear these plants and improvements financed out of To preserve the standard of living, let the city Throughout the city, the trade unions have Wall Street candidates. This is the politics of about it because they still censor the mail there. And the movies taxes from the pockets of the poor. Factories administration begin by instituting a sliding scale been tied hand and foot by the no-strike pledge. company unionism! If the workers of New York and everything else want to keep your mind on the fighting. You’re Wall Street doesn’t want are being closed down. of wages fo r its own employes! Wages should But the bosses never kept their side of the agree­ City become organized on the political field as not supposed to think of anything but how many boys get killed. These plants could produce peace-time goods in and must rise automatically with the rising cost ment to freeze prices and share the burdens of they have in industry, they can fill the municipal You’re not supposed to think of WHY they get killed.” vast quantities. of living! the war. Instead, their political representatives posts with men and women who really represent “ The only people that win on either side,” Tony said, with End the dire shortage in household goods! froze wages and let prices shoot skyward as the interests of labor. Think how much easier The black market in New York is one of the his face getting dark, “ are the goddamned capitalists. And that’s Operate the idle factories! profits poured into the bank vaults. it would be to safeguard the interests of the worst in the nation. Despite all the blown-up the truth.” It is time to put union men in office who w ill workers when the postwar depression paralyzes Trotskyist candidates in office w ill use the promises of the capitalist politicians to do some­ Another heat-lightning flash came over the strip mill and power entrusted to them to combat the profit- thing, every working class fam ily in the world’s represent the workers in labor disputes! Free made us think of the bombings in Japan again. the city! the trade unions from the shackles forged by Break Wall Street’s grip on City Hall! Build hungry capitalists who plot to limit and throttle richest city is getting less and less food. LaGuar­ “ But what are you going to do?” Shorty said. “ Hirohito and Big Business! an independent Labor Party! production. As an effective over-all check on dia has promised over and over again to end the all the Japanese capitalists have got those people hypnotized. the activities of these capitalists, the Trotskyist acute meat shortage with trainloads of meat. Look at the suicide atteks and all that.” candidates call fo r workers’ control of production. Instead, meat is rapidly becoming a luxury avail­ 10. For a Socialist Society! 2. Full Employment and “ Maybe,” Slim said after a long minute. “ Maybe they have Exercised through democratically-elected com­ able only to the rich on Park Avenue and River­ Capitalism has given mankind the agony of —but if we can think like this and talk like this, I bet the Jap­ side Dx’ive, who can afford private locker re fri­ mittees, workers’ control would prevent the capi­ two world wars in a quarter of a century. Big anese steelworkers can think and talk the same.” gerators or dine in swank restaurants. Job Security For A ll talist management from sabotaging production. Business now wants permanent conscription in The committees would check the books, inves­ Smash the black market system protected by preparation for a Third World War. So long Workers and Veterans! tigate the secret deals and understandings of the the Wall Street politicians! Organize consumers’ as capitalism endures, depressions, unemploy­ New York Mass Meeting bosses, and reveal how much profits are really committees to check prices and stop the diversion ment, hunger and war w ill ravage the world. Only The capitalist politicians promised 60 000.090 of goods into the black market! Neighborhood being drained into the bank accounts of the by taking industx-y out of the hands of the greedy jobs after the war. But even before the return committees of housewives, and committees of THE DOWNFALL OF BROWDER stockholders. These committees would power­ profiteers and organizing it rationally according of the bulk of the men in the armed forces, un­ fully reinforce the unions in defending the in­ union members, can start by calling on the small employment is growing by leaps and bounds. to the needs of the people is further progress terests of the employes against vindictive action grocer and butcher. I f the small man is not res­ possible. When the hundreds of thousands of workers com­ ponsible, they can enlist his aid to reach the sin­ by the management. The fate of civilization depends on the work­ ing back from the battlefields ask fo r wox-k w ill ister black market higher-ups. they be answered with police clubs and tear gas ? ing class taking power and establishing a Work­ HEAR 4. F u ll E q u a lity F o r Bad as the housing shortage was in New York ers’ and Farmers’ government. In this mighty A working class administration in the world’s when the Second World War began, it has since struggle the workers of New York can play a JAMES P. CANNON richest city can do a great deal to provide jobs Negroes and National steadily worsened. Rents have long been notori­ for everyone. It can institute a program of pub­ ous as the highest in the country. Landlords leading part. By setting out on the road of inde­ National Secretary, SWP lic works. It can set up a sliding scale of hours are now raising them still higher by cutting pendent political action, they will by their ex­ fo r all city employes and for all city projects. It Minorities. Down with down on services and chiseling on rent controls. ample encourage the workers throughout the can join with the unions to force the employers The city administration could ease this intoler­ country. That is why this New York election J. P. CANNON to institute a sliding scale of hours. It can put Jim C row ! able situation by an adequate px;ogram of hous­ is of great importance! That is why a vote for Other Speakers: pressure on Congress fo r federal legislation to The record of the boss political machines in ing projects. Expand housing in ratio to grow­ the Trotskyist candidates w ill bring closer the provide a sliding scale of hours everywhere. New York is one of lies and broken promises to ing population needs! Replace 'the slums and TROTSKYIST CANDIDATES Spread the work by reducing the number of the Negro people. Harlem is one of the worst slum fix-e-traps in the Lower East Side, Hax-lem and socialist society of peace, plenty and px-osperity IN NEW YORK ELECTIONS hours each man spends on the job — but w ith areas in the country. Under the rule of the capi­ other areas with modern lo>v-rent apartments! fo r all! no reduction in take-home pay! talist politicians, Negroes are segregated in Make work for the building trades! Build homes Farrell Dobbs Louise Simpson During conversion to peace-time production, crowded districts where they are compelled to instead of bombers! Editor of 'The Militant’ Member of ILGWU the government protects the profits of the bosses. live under inhuman conditions. Protected by Fathers in the armed forces and mothers in READ For MAYOR of NEW YORK But the workers are to be le ft to starve. The the capitalist politicians, landlords impose outra­ factories cannot easily give adequate care to For CITY COUNCIL workex-s’ income must be insured during this geous rents fo r dangerous fire traps; and merch­ children left at home. Let the city administra­ THE FOURTH Friday, August 3, 8 P. M. critical period 1 Let the municipal government ants jack up the prices fo r food and clothing tion build and operate neighborhood nurseries of America’s largest city utilize all its power of inferior quality. They know the segregated staffed by trained child specialists and nurses. INTERNATIONAL' WEBSTER HALL during conversion to force the employers to keep Negroes cannot easily go elsewhere. On top Let the city safeguard and properly care for 119 E. 11th Street (between 3rd and 4th Avenues) PAGE SIX THE MILITANT SATURDAY, JULY 21, 1945 Socialist Workers Party Opens Fund Campaign To Help Persecuted Trotskyists In Europe (Continued from page 1) ance as promptly as possible. We appeal to all readers of The M ili­ International Solidarity Fund cution at the hands of the B rit­ tant for support in this campaign. ish imperialist police. Buffalo: “ The branch has ac­ Ohio-Michigan Audiences Our Trotskyist co-thinkers a- cepted its $125 quota and the fu ll broad are compelled to endure amount has already been pledged SCOREBOARD not merely starvation and dis­ by the comrades and friends. We ease, which is the plight of the will send it in as quickly as we Hear Carlson Prison Talk peoples of the world following can collect it.” BRANCH Quota Paid Percent DETROIT, July 11 — An en­ United Mine Workers, to which the war, but they are singled out 100 Chicago: “ We accept our quota thusiastic audience of over 200 Patterson belongs. Reading $25 $25 for special persecution. They are of $500 and we can assure you friends and sympathizer's of the In the course of the evening, Newark 100 43 43 thrown into ja il and their press is it w ill be sent in in good time.” Socialist Workers Party over­ over $15 worth of pamphlets and Allentown-Quakertown 60 22 37 suppressed because they dare tell Detroit: “ We expect to meet flowed the Twelve Horsemen’s other literature was sold and San Francisco 375 134 36 the truth, because theirs is the our quota of $400 on the Interna­ Civic Center here tonight to hear $88.12 donated by the audience 20 24 only program that would put an Y oungstown 85 tional Solidarity Fund by Sept. Comrade Grace Carlson speak on to support The M ilitant and the Grace Carlson, only woman defendant among the 18 Minnea­ 19 15 end to misery, the only program Philadelphia 125 1 ”! “ Conditions of Women in Prison.” Socialist Workers Party in its polis Labor Case prisoners, photographed as she speaks in Detroit 500 53 11 that points the road to a brighter work. Before adjournment, six Chicago future. San Francisco: "Enclosed is our The speaker showed how poverty on “ Women in Prison.” Read her report of the successful meeting 0 0 people applied for membership in Akron 75 Yet the Trotskyists in all coun­ first contribution of $134 toward is the basic cause of almost all on this page of The M ilitant. 0 the SWP and over twice that Bayonne 100 0 tries manage to carry on heroic­ the International Solidarity Fund. crime, and that the m ajority of Of this sum $39 was raised number indicated their interest Boston 125 0 0 ally despite persecution and sup­ so-called criminals are merely of many of the women in prison through a collection taken at our in fallowing the activities and showing that only Socialism can Buffalo 125 0 0 pression. They answer every blow worker-victims of the capitalistic to show that inherently they are July 1 forum, the balance through purposes of the narty. blot out the prisons by abolishing Cleveland 75 0 0 descending upon them with inten­ system which breeds poverty. It the social system of capitalism honest, but that they are driven pledges paid up at once. We are was brought out that most Detroit 400 0 0 sified activity, with ever greater which breeds the hideous practice to the acts because of the inse­ sure that we w ill reach our quo­ sociologists, penologists, and psy­ Los Angeles 750 0 . 0 determination to build the parties Successful Meeting of caging in steel pens, human curity and lack of any . real hope of revolutionary socialism. The ta.” chiatrists agree that poverty is in the future. Milwaukee 30 0 0 beings whose only crime is most effective aid which can be Seattle: “ Seven trade unionists the root of crime, but that only New York 1000 0 0 Held in Cleveland poverty. given to them rig ht now is fin­ are assessing themselves $30 per the Socialist Workers Party 0 0 CLEVELAND, O.—respite the Ted Grant, organizer of the N. Y. Youth Group 15 ancial assistance. It is the ele­ person fo r the International Soli­ strikes at this evil source of crime 0 intense 'heat which sent workers Cleveland SWP and chairman of Carlson Talks to Pittsburgh 25 0 mentary duty of every class-con­ darity Fund. We ought therefore by fighting for the overthrow of in droves to the parks and lake- the meeting, told the audience Rochester 15 0 0 scious m ilitant to make all pos­ to raise the rest of our quota ^capitalism and the institution of Audience in Toledo shore, the Cleveland branch of about William Patterson, the St. Louis 25 0 0 sible efforts to lend this assist- without too much trouble.” socialism. TOLEDO, O, — Over 35 com­ the Socialist Workers Party held m ilitant Pennsylvania coal miner San Diego 25 0 0- rades and sympathizers came out MILLION A YEAR its largest public meeting in who was railroaded to prison for Seattle 350 0 0 refusing to scab, and is the first July 9 to hear the message that years, to hear Grace Carlson on Comrade Carlson brought back Toledo 100 0 0 Girls as young as 14 are im­ imprisoned victim of the Smith- CARLSON NOTES SWP GROWTH prisoned and stigmatized for Sunday, July 8. with her from the Federal prison Twin Cities 250 0 0 The audience of 60 sympathizers Connally anti-strike law. A re­ crimes for which they can hardly at Alderson, W. Va. Members-at-Large and and friends listened attentively solution calling on President Tru­ be held responsible, Grace Carlson Her interesting speech, dealing 0 0 AT HER MEETING IN DETROIT while Comrade Carlson illustrated man unconditionally to pardon Friends 245 said. Her speech left no doubt in with the underlying causes for from her prison experience that and release brother Patterson was By Grace Carlson tant readers in the Ohio-Michigan the minds of the audience about crime and the solution of this the m ajority of “ crimes” for adopted unanimously. TOTAL «5,000 $316 6 area! In Youngstown, fo r ex­ the guilt of America’s Sixty problem under socialism, held the DETROIT, July 12 — The au­ which men and women are sent The audience contribpted $45 ample, the comrades sold about Families for the imprisonment undivided attention of the com­ dience at the Detroit meeting last to prison are “ crimes” against in the collection of funds for 1,000 subscriptions in the last 2 of a million people every year in rades during the entire time that night was five times as large as the holy institution of private party work in Cleveland. There M ilitant sub campaigns. There this country because capitalism she spoke. Hungry Prisoners the audience to which I spoke property. Under capitalism there were at least 10 new M ilitant are 43,000 homes in Youngstown prevents them from earning a A fte r Comrade Carlson’s lec­ when I was here on tour in 1941! is fa r more concern about readers who were attending an Kansas farmers are complain­ and a population of 160,000. This human, dignified living. A-rousing ture, which showed that the pres­ Vote Trotskyist! This is certainly very gratifying protecting property and profits SWP meeting for the first time. ing that War Department food means that The M ilitant goes to ovation was extended Comrade ent economic system is the basic evidence that the Trotskyists one out of every 43 homes in this than concern fo r human life. In the Coming allotments for German prison- Carlson at the conclusion T>f her cause for most of the crimes com­ have gained many, many new steel center. The exploitation and economic mitted, it became increasingly ers-of-war, now being employed friends in the great industrial speech. The M ilitant is popular with insecurity under the capitalist Youngstown Workers clear to all that only under so­ New York Elections center in a few short years. on private work, are so skimpy the workers. They like its fight­ Comrade A rthur Burch, or­ system, with the consequent Hear Grace Carlson cialism w ill we be able to rid Among other important issues, that the prisoners cannot do a I saw the same thing in Cleve­ ing program and its honest re­ ganizer of the Detroit Branch, bitter struggle fo r bare existence ourselves of the evils that a fflict .presided over the meeting, and YOUNGSTOWN, O. — Speak­ the Socialist Workers Party “full day’s work” because of land, Youngstown and Toledo. porting of facts which the other for the masses, drives increasing the working class under the pres­ The audiences to which I spoke 'his brief resume of the Min­ numbers of workers to despair, ing in Youngstown on July 7, ent capitalist rule. Election Platform advocates: loss of weight. papers don’t give. So, when The in those cities were not only much Militant backs anything, it really neapolis frame-up trials served desperation, “ crime,” and fester­ Grace Carlson gave an inspiring HANDS OFF THE L. C. Aicher, superintendent larger but they had a much big­ carries weight. I’m certainly as a fitting introduction of the ing destruction in the prisons. talk to about forty interested ger proportion of industrial work­ speaker of the evening. The floor Comrade Carlson denounced the workers. She painted a picture EUROPEAN AND of a private agricultural ex­ lucky to have The M ilitant back­ GRACE CARLSON'S ers. Many of these were friends ing in this town! was later opened fo r questions federal government’s Jim Crow of the prisons fo r women — not periment station at Fort Hays, and shop-mates to whom our com­ TOUR SCHEDULE COLONIAL PEOPLES! There isn’t very much time fo r and discussion, in which the system at Alderson, West V ir ­ the walls but the forces of so­ ciety that have driven women Kansas, complained in a letter rades had sold tickets fo r the having fun-' on this tour but .the audience participated with in­ ginia,, as a most vicious example CITY DATE Wall Street intends to put meeting — steel workers, auto to Rep. Frank Carlson that it comrades have tried to squeeze terest. of segregation and discrimination from all walks of life and all Los Angeles Thurs to Wed. down working class revolutions workers, railroad men, etc. Some ages into things that are consid­ was “ the Army’s business” if it as much fun as possible into the against Negroes. The prison o f­ Aug. 2ftto 8 wherever they appear. That is bring their whole families. PATTERSON SUPPORTED ficials draw a deep Jim Crow line ered crimes. wanted to punish POW’s “ for crowded tour schedule. There were San Francisco F ri. to Sun. why they want to continue But The M ilitant can also claim nice socials held in Youngstown, A resolution supporting Wil­ of division between the white She showed how the social sys­ Aug. 10-12 what happened in Europe,” but policing countries overseas in­ some credit for increasing the Cleveland and Toledo after the liam Patterson, recent victim of and colored inmates which covers tem of capitalism, because it Portland Tues.-Wed. definitely. Withdraw the Allied Aicher was concerned for the attendance at these meetings. The meetings at which I met the the Smith-Connally anti - labor every activity and hour of the gives no opportunities fo r the Aug. 14-15 Detroit, Youngstown, Cleveland prisoners’ lives and is carried to occupation troops! Support the Kansas farmers who were “ pay­ many new comrades who joined law, and requesting a presidential great mass of people and bars Seattle Thurs. to Sat. revolutionary struggles of the ing good money for prisoners and Toledo branches all sent out pardon for this fighting labor the point of not permitting Ne­ the huge majority from chances Aug. 16-18 announcements of their meetings the party while I was in prison, defender, was Unanimously groes and whites to even speak to earn a decent living, ig the real Missoula Sunday Aug. 19 workers in other lands! and then not getting a day’s to Militant readers in their cities. and the many new friends who passed. A copy of the resolution to each other! criminal in society. Plentywood Tues., Aug. 21 work out of them.” And there are thousands of M ili­ have come close to us. was forwarded to Local 2399 'Comrade Carlson concluded by IShe went into the background Twin Cities August 22 The History Of American Trotskyism In the first installments of his book, Comrade Cannon told : with the bureaucracy we could have gained more members. That how the American Communist Party grew out of the left wing HOW THE PIONEER TROTSKYISTS FOUGHT is not a sufficient basis. But we utilized the issue of democracy to of the Socialist Party in 1919; described its period of under­ get a sympathetic hearing and then immediately began pounding ground life until in 1921 it was organised as a legal party which away on the rightness of Trotskyism on all the political questions. began to penetrate the trade union movement. As thè composi­ EXPULSION FROM THE COMMUNIST PARTY You can easily imagine what a tremendous shock our stand tion of the party changed with the influx of workers, a series and expulsion was to all the party members. For years it had been of factional struggles began between the proletarian wing and drilled into them that Trotsky was a Menshevik. He had been ex< the petty-bourgeois tendencies w ithin the party. The struggles By James P. Cannon pelled as a “counter-revolutionist.” Everything had been turned up­ began on a high theoretical level involving the Russian question. Fosterites were scared to death that the Lovestoneites would get side down. The minds of the helpless members had been filled w ith A single copy of Trotsky’s suppressed Criticism of the Draft us and not paid. We didn’t have any money at all, and didn’t know wind of this and accuse them of being accomplices. In a panic they prejudices against Trotsky and the Russian Opposition. Then, out Program which illuminated the question was smuggled out to where we could get any. We planned the firs t issue of The M ilitant expelled us from the join t caucus and brought us up on charges of a clear sky, three party leaders declare themselves Trotskyists, America, This is the ninth installment of Cannon’s book. before we knew how we were going to pay for it. But we made a before the Political Committee. We were given a tria l before a joint deal with the printer to give us credit for one issue. We wrote They are expelled and immediately go to the party members * * * meeting of the PC and the Central Control Commission. We reported to some friends in Chicago who sent us some money and we got out wherever they can find them and say: “ Trotsky is rig ht on all that tria l in the early issues of The M ilitant. Naturally, it was a the paper. We announced proudly that it was going to be published the principled questions, and we can prove it to you.” That was Our task was difficult. We had one copy of Trotsky’s document, kangaroo court, but we had fu ll scope to make a lot of speeches twice a month. So it was. the situation w ith which a good many comrades were confronted. but didn’t have any way of duplicating it; we didn’t have a stenog­ and to cross-examine the Fosterite witnesses. That was not because Very shortly after we were thrown out of the party, we dis­ Many of those expelled for hesitating to vote against us didn’t rapher; we didn’t have a typewriter; we didn’t have a mimeograph of party democracy. We were given our “ rights” because the Love­ covered a group of Hungarian comrades who had been expelled want to leave the party. They didn’t know anything about Trot­ machine; and we didn’t have any money. The only way we could stoneites, who were in the m ajority in the Political Committee, from the party for various reasons in the factional struggles a year skyism at that time, and were more or less convinced that it was operate was to get hold of carefully selected individuals, arouse were anxious to compromise the Fosterites. In order to serve their or two before. Independently of us, unknown to us, they had come counter-revolutionary. But the' stupidity of the bureaucracy in enough interest, and then persuade them to come to the house and purposes they gave us a little leeway, and we made the most of it. into contact with some Russian Oppositionists working in Amtorg throwing them out gave us a chance to talk with them, to confer read the document. A long and toilsome process. We got a few peo­ The trial dragged on day after day—more and more party lead­ —the Soviet commercial agency in New York—and had become con­ with them, supply them with literature, etc. This created the ple together and they helped us spread the gospel to wider circles. ers and functionaries were invited to attend—until we finally had vinced Trotskyists. They certainly looked like an army of a million basis fo r the first consolidation of the faction. Finally, after a month or so, we were exposed by a little indis­ an audience of about 100. Up until then we hadn’t admitted any­ people to us. We found a little group of Italian ’Oppositionists in Individuals Recruited to Trotsky’s Ideas cretion on the part of one of the comrades, and we had to face the thing. We had confined ourselves to cross-examining their witnesses New York, followers of Bordiga, not really Trotskyists, but they issue prematurely in the joint Foster-Cannon caucus. The Fosterites and tarnishing and compromising the Fosterites, anti one thing and forked with us fo r a while. We conducted a quite energetic fight. In those days every individual loomed up as enormously im­ raised it in the form of an inquiry. They had heard so and so and another. Finally, when we tired of this, and since the report 'was We answered accusations m ilitantly. We began to circulate new portant. I f you have only four people to start a faction with, when they wanted an explanation. It was clear that they were greatly spreading throughout the party of what was going on, we decided material of the Russian Opposition through The M ilitant—Trotsky’s you can find a fifth one—that’s a 25 per cent increase. According worried and still undecided. We took the offensive. I said: “ I con­ to strike. I read to a hushed and somewhat terrified audience of par­ criticism o f the draft program, and so on. Soon one could see the to legend, the Socialist Labor Party, way back in the old days, sider it an insult for anybody to cross-examine me. My position in ty functionaries a statement wherein we declared ourselves 100 per beginning of the crystallization of a faction that had a future be­ once made a jubilant announcement that in the election they had the party has been pretty clearly established now for ten years cent in support of Trotsky and the Russian Opposition on all the fore it because it had a clear principled program. doubled their vote in the state of Texas. It turned out that instead and I resent anybody questioning it.” So we bluffed them fo r another principled questions, and announced our determination to fig h t along of their usual vote of one they had obtained two. week, and in that week we made a few new converts here and that line to the end. We were expelled by the joint meeting of the The Left Opposition Gains Supporters I will never forget the day we got our first recruit in Phila­ there. Central Control Commission and the Political Committee. While it was a small faction for a long time, it was a very delphia. Soon after we were expelled, while the hue and cry was Then they called another meeting of the caucus to consider the convinced and fanatical and determined faction. We began to gain The Trotskyists Are Expelled raging against us in the party, there came a knock on my door question again. By this time Hathaway had returned from Moscow. recruits throughout the country. Our most important big acquisition one day and there was Morgenstern of Philadelphia, a young man Pe had been to the so-called Lenin School in Moscow; in reality it The very next day we had a mimeographed statement circulat­ was from Minneapolis. Minneapolis has played a role not only in but an old “ Cannonite” in the factional fights. lie said, “ We heard was a school of Stalinism. He had been all smartened up in the ing through the party. We had anticipated the expulsion. We were teamsters’ strike struggles, but also in building American Trot­ about your expulsion for Trotskyism, but we didn’t believe it. Stalin school and knew better how to proceed against “ Trotskyism” ready for it and struck back. About a week later, to their great con­ skyism. We gained supporters in Chicago. What is the real low-down?” In those days you didn’t lake any­ than the local shoemakers. He said the way to proceed is to make sternation, we h it them with the firs t issue of The M ilitant. The We were badly handicapped in many respects. We hadn’t had thing for good coin unless it came from your own faction. I can & motion: “ This caucus condemns Trotskyism as counter-revolution­ copy had been prepared and a deal made w ith the printer while we time prior to our expulsion to communicate with the party members remember to this day going into the back room, getting out the ary,” and see where everybody stands on the motion. We objected were dragging on the trial. We were expelled on October 27, 1928. outside New York very much. The firs t that most comrades in the precious Trotsky document from its hiding place and handing it to this on the ground—dissimulatingly formalistic, but. a necessary The M ilitant came out the next week as a November issue, cele­ Communist Party knew about our position was the news that we had to Morgie. He sat down on the bed and read the long “ criticism” tactic in dealing with a police-minded graduate of the Stalin School brating the anniversary of the Russian revolution, giving our pro­ been expelled. The crude tactics of the party leadership helped us —it is a whole book—from beginning to end without stopping —that the question of “ Trotskyism” had been decided long ago, and gram, and so forth. Thus began the open fig h t fo r American Trot­ a great deal. Their method was to go up and down the country, once, without looking up. When he finished, he had made up his that there was absolutely no point in raising this issue again. We skyism. putting a motion in every committee and branch to approve the ex­ mind and we began to work out plans to build a nucleus in Phila­ said, we refused to be a party to any of this folderol. We certainly didn’t have too bright a prospect to begin with. pulsion of Cannon, Shachtman and Abern. And everybody who want­ delphia. But we gained steadily in the firs t weeks and built firm ly from ed to ask a question or to get more information was accused of We recruited other individuals the same way. Trotsky’s ideas The Trotskyist Issue Predominates the outset because we started right. We broke the log-jam of un­ being a Trotskyist and expelled forthwith. That helped us a whole were our weapons. We ran the “criticism” serially in The Militant. principled factionalism in the party with a charge of dynamite. lot; they pushed such comrades right into a position where we We debated it four or five hours and they still didn’t know We had only the one copy, and it was a long time before we were W ith just one blast we rid ourselves of all the old errors and mis­ could at least talk to them. In Minnesota, where we had good what to do with us. They faced this dilemma: if they became tarnish­ able to publish it in pamphlet form. Because of its size we could ed with “ Trotskyism” they would lose sympathy in Moscow; if, on takes of the American party factions when we put ourselves on the friends of long association, the commissar of the Lovestone gang not get it mimeographed. We had no mimeograph of our own, no ground of a principled program of internationalism. We were sure summoned them to a meeting and demanded an immediate vote on the other hand, they split with us, their case would be hopeless so typist, no money. Money was a serious problem. W’e had all been fa r as getting a majority was concerned. They wanted the majority of what we were fighting about. A ll the little organizational machi­ a motion to approve our expulsion. They refused. “ We want to deprived of our positions in the party and had no incomes of any very badly and they nourished the hope—oh, how they hoped!—that nations, that had loomed up so big in the old squabbles, were just know what this is; we want to hear what these comrades have to kind. We were too busy with our political fight to seek other thrown o ff like an old coat. We began the real movement of Bol­ say.” They were immediately expelled. They communicated with a smart fellow like Cannon would eventually come to his senses and jobs in order to make a living. On top of that we had the problem not just go and start a futile fight for Trotsky at this late day. shevism in this country, the regeneration of American Communism. us. We supplied them with the documentary material, The M ilitant, of financing a political movement. We could not afford an office. It was not too promising a struggle from the point of view of etc. Eventually, practically all those who had been expelled for W ithout saying so directly, we gave them a little ground to think Only when we were a year old did we finally manage to rent a numbers. The three of us who signed the declaration—Abern, Shacht- hesitancy in voting to confirm our expulsion became sympathetic that this might be so. Decision was postponed again. ramshackle office on Third Avenue, with the old “ E l” roaring in We gained about two weeks with this business. Finally the man and myself—fe lt pretty lonely as we walked down to my house to us and most of them joined us. the window. When we werp two years old we obtained our first to lay plans to build a new party that was to take power in the We emphasized from the very beginning that it is not simply Fosterites decided among themselves that the issue was getting mimeograph machine, and then we began to sail forward. too hot. They were hearing more and more rumors of Cannon, Shacht- United States. A ll three of us had been working fo r the 1LD. We a question of democracy. The question is the program of Marxism. man and Abem proselyting party members fo r Trotskyism. The were immediately thrown out of there, with back wages coming to I f we had been content to organize people on the basis of discontent (To be continued) SATURDAY, JULY 21, 1945 THE MILITANT PAGE SEVEN

WIN AN ORIGINAL Arbitrator Backs LAURA GRAY CARTOON! Anti Union Firings Have you been following the trials and tribulations of the “ poor rich” fam ily in Laura Gray’s feature cartoons on At Bell Aircraft Page 8 of The M ilitant'/ If you have, you most likely have BUFFALO—The right of the your own pet name for this family. W ith this issue, we Bell Aircraft Corporation to “dis­ launch a contest to find the most appropriate descriptive cipline” the 18 union members The Workers’ Forum columns are open to the opinions of the readers of "The M ilita n t’’ name for them. singled out and fired because of A new subscriber, Gene Gan­ Downes of Grand Rapids, has Letters are welcome on any subject of interest to the workers. Keep them short and include Three originals of these feature cartoons, personally in­ their participation, a few weeks non of Wisconsin, sent in the fo l­ w ritten to us requesting that we ago, in a sit-in demonstration lowing letter: “ Seeing your cou­ send five extra copies of our your name and address. Indicate if you do not want your name printed. scribed to the winners by the cartoonist, w ill be awarded for the three best names submitted. First choice of the originals protesting mass layoffs, was up­ pon in the June 2 issue of The May 26 paper which carried the tempt to divide the worker from w ill go to the first-place winner; second Choice to the second- held in an arbitration decision M ilitant, which I happened to cartoon entitled: “ Capitalism in Hayek's Book handed down recently. find the other day on the street War and Peace.” (Live Plants— the worker thrown into uniform. place winner; third choice to the third-place winner. In case of Editor: “ The demonstration was repre­ car in Milwaukee, I am subscrib­ Dead Men; Dead Plants — Live A Word to Our Navy Vet ties, all who submit winning names w ill receive an original After recently coming- off a Paterson, N. J. hensible” , stated the arbitrator, ing fo r same as it sure is what Men). This is the famous Laura ship, I read a book review in the Correspondents feature cartoon, by Gray. the Rev. Andrew L. Bouwhuis, S’. the working class needs. En­ Gray cartoon which has been re­ A ll readers of The M ilita n t are eligible for the contest J., thus showing himself comple­ closed find $1.00 fo r a one-year produced in the labor press of June, 1945 Fourth International The volume of letters to.the Race Hatred and there is no lim it on the number of suggested names a tely in accord with the company’s subscription.” Thanks, Gene, we several countries. that stood out very sharply in Workers’ Forum is growing my mind. Joseph Hansen’s ex­ Editor: contestant may enter. Just send in your entries, clearly view that any action on the part appreciate your comments. How From all parts of the country from week to week. We welcome cellent analysis of Prof. Hayek’s My brother Frederick has been written on a sheet of paper, together with your fu ll name of workers to maintain their jobs about getting your friends and our readers are sending in sub­ letters dealing with any matter overseas fo r almost two years; is “ reprehensible.” A ll the 18 shopmates to send in subscrip­ book, “The Road to Serfdom,” and address. scriptions for their friends; in of interest to the workers. We my sister, Katherine, has been were penalized fo r their m ilitant tions ? really exposes the false approach The contest w ill run for six weeks. All* entries must last week’s mail, K. M. Zwicker want to publish them all. To in the WACS fo r three years, defense against rising unemploy­ Our Youngstown agent, Mary of Michigan sent in two one-year of Prof. Hayek. reach The M ilitant office, 116 University Place, New York This is what happened on the enable us to do this, it is es­ stationed at the General Hospital, ment and falling wages that are Jones, takes the lead this week subscriptions for his friends. 3, N. Y. by August 31. Editors of The M ilita n t w ill judge the blessings of reconversion. ship. We had the June, 1945 sential that letters be kept as Camp Atterbury, Indiana. in the number of renewals. She Our Detroit Agent, Howard the contest and decide the winning entries. Their decision Sixteen were suspended from Readers Digest aboard. In it was short as possible. No letter My cousin was killed in this sent in five one-year and six six- Mason sends in this very inter­ war and my uncle died on the their jobs for one to four weeks, month renewals. a condensation of “ The Road to should be longer than 300 will be final. esting communication, in addition Serfdom.” This condensation was battlefield in the first war. and the firing of the other two, We welcome to the M ilitant to fourteen six-month subscrip­ words. Please keep w ithin this Anthony Marino, vice president at the beginning of the magazine I have served at home making ing for. The Militant seems to give you an impression I received Army a new San Francisco agent, tions: “The Militant is getting limit so that every worker-cor­ of Local 501, and Morton Clur- with a foregoing note that it was regular purchases of war bonds care less than nothing for the from my association with the Toni Price, who initiates her role well known in all the important respondent may get a break. man, committeeman, was upheld one of the most important books and remaining on my war job Chinese workers. Except for a other comrades. It was a feeling in our ranks by sending in four locals in the city. Two comrades by the arbitrator’s decision. of recent years. Usually, Readers THE EDITOR although I could earn much more slighting reference to “ Chinese of closeness that time and dis­ six-month and two one-year sub­ reported seeing the papers on the arithmetic” I have seen no men­ tance could not break. It was scriptions. Digest places its book synopses ARBITRATOR’S CUE desks of a couple of local unions. tion of China in The M ilitant. feeling the enthusiasm of the at the end of the magazine. A fter At the hearing the high-priced Another West Coast report, While distributing the paper at — but they were not in your Dorothy Cheng young and its injection into the this one from San Pedro, where my shipmates ar.d I had read it, corporation lawyers spent most a PAC meeting, one of the girls hand-picked delegation — they Brooklyn, N. Y. old. It was feeling the determi­ I argued on one theme mainly. of their time building up cases our agent writes: “ Am sending besides being told a number of were in the ranks of the 35,000 nation 'of the old and its injec­ six subscriptions, five six-month times by passersby that they had Hayek claims that the co­ Editor’s Note: If Dorothy against those of the 18 whom the operative or socialist method kills you saw in dungarees and blues. tion into the young. I t was the and on.e one-year. These subs already subscribed, sold five new They were the sons, brothers and Cheng consults the files of The company disliked because of their incentive and that unions likewise feeling of responsibility by all were sold in fron t of the Long­ subs — on wrapping paper.” husbands of the workers who Militant she will find that we outstanding m ilitant records. The stifle initiative. It was easy to in the building of a revolutionary shoremen’s meeting.” Local New York comrades, ac­ have been compelled to strike have consistently opposed and arbitrator naturally took his cue expose this lie by pointing out party. William Warde, instructor at tively campaigning for signa­ against the union-busting aut<$, condemned Japan’s imperialist from this and dealt out the sev­ Patrick O’Conner the Midwest Vacation School, tures to place Farrell Dobbs and the limitless incentive, initiative rubber, steel and oil bosses. rape of China from the time the erest; penalties to those unionists and courage, required in building ’ Akron, O. writes during his first week Louise Simpson on the election Now you slander American la­ Japanese armies marched into against whom the company’s at­ the unions and winning decent there: “It would do your heart ballot, are aware of the necessity bor when you speak of failure Manchuria in September, 1931. tack was the heaviest. This was conditions, especially the seamen’s Editor; and mind good to hear the praises to make every New Yorker a to bargain “ at the table” in­ We adhered and still adhere to particularly so in the case, of Vice unions. This was a strong point, The week I spent at the Sum­ President Marino, who had espe­ of the paper from the comrades Militant subscriber. Our petition stead of the picket line. I t is this policy in the interests of mer Vacation School was certain­ and friends of the party. They gatherers report a lively interest since it takes even more initiative precisely the failure of the EM­ cially earned the hatred of the both the Chinese workers and ly the fullest and most enjoyable have an affection for i t that in our party and program by the and courage to fight for new ideas PLOYERS to bargain in good peasants and the Japanese company because of his activity and a better world. week I have ever experienced. in the plant. would inspire a mummy. Here people who sign their petitions faith at the table — it is be­ masses, because the Japanese im ­ Swimming, boating and dancing for example are the remarks of and a brief discussion leads in I ended by pointing out that cause the Big Business boys perialists are the enemy of both. In his decision, the arbitrator were all a lot of fun, but most admitted the respsonsibility of a new comrade in Detroit, wife some cases to a six-month or Hayek, who ran away from smash at the unions through Never did we “ condone” atroci­ Austria where he failed to help enjoyable of all was the satisfac­ R. P. Whitman, general manager of an auto worker, an ex-miner one-year subscription! the discharging of stewards and ties committed in China by Jap­ stop the fascist onslaught, cer­ tion of knowing that all the com­ of the Bell Corporation, for the from Harlan County. ‘I like most committeemen! anese soldiers. tainly had no rig ht to tell us how rades stand firm ly convinced of unrest that led to the demonstra­ Kovalesky because everything he You say the “boots” consider to halt fascism. The m ilitant Atrocities—and every thought­ our ideas. The overwhelming as­ tion, by his failure to notify the writes in so clearly pictured and the strikes to be over petty workers will know how to smash fu l person w ill see how true this surance of, and confidence in, our workers, as provided by the con­ so true to life. Then Grace Carl­ LOS ANGELES grievances. This is partly the fascism and its cause, capitalism; is—are inseparable from war. ideas inspires us to build an ever tract, as to how or when 8,000 of son’s articles.’ There is much truth — they are not told the SOCIALIST YOUTH CLUB and Prof. Hayek may live to see War is the supreme atrocity stronger revolutionary party. them would be laid off. But he praise fo r ■ the interview and il­ whole truth — they are not told lustrations.” some initiative frolJi the workers EASTLAND from which stem all the acts of W ith a basis like this, how can nevertheless punished the 18 FORUM of how the workers are being that he never dreamed of. frightfulness. I f we were to join the Fourth International fail! union members fo r a situation S till another subscriber, J. kicked around every day in the money at my trade as a book­ in a hate campaign against every July 26 B. Greggson K. Zellon that resulted from the company’s shops. This is “ at home.” When binder, but I, too, wanted to solve nation whose armies commit Milwaukee callous and anti-union actions! New York _____ 'f_____ they board the transports they and have a part in the winning atrocities, we would be abandon­ Passing by in silence the many NOTICE Topic: w ill get even more of a one­ of the victory. ing our basic principle of socialist flagrant violations by the com­ The M ilitant needs a set of the "A History of Germany — Vet Flays Riesel sided picture! And when they I am not any different from internationalism. We would be­ German Stalinists pany of its agreement with the Encyclopedia Britannica for the reach the vermin-infested, fun­ thousands of other colored Amer­ 1918 to 1945’’ come tools of the very imperial­ Editor: union, the arbitrator brazenly reference library of the editorial Editor: gus-soaked tropics they w ill be icans who serve the country we ists who by hate propaganda keep In his article “ Greek Reaction lectured the union leaders and department. W ill anyone w illing Speaker: C. FREDERICKS I am a veteran. I am angry! assembled nightly and given call our own. We have done and the nations at each other’s Plots to Restore Monarchy,” July members to “ live up to the terms to donate such a set please com­ I am about to “ bl

Senator was lying or telling the truth. The M ilita n t on the contrary, flatly accused Eastland of lying. Now this accusation of the Southern Bourbon Congress Shows No Hurry t h e MILITANT Senator has been publicly exploded as a gfoss Published in the interests of the fabrication. In a speech before the Senate on July Working People 12. Senator Wagner revealed that all 'the high- To Assist Unemployed ranking generals had denied point-blank the truth Vol. IX—No. 29 Saturday, July 21, 194£ o f Eastland’s accusations. The fact that most of An administration-sponsored b ill to improve bene­ P u b lish e d W.e.el:lv by these generals are themselves steeped in race preju­ fits under the state unemployment compensation THE MILITANT PUBLISHING A88TI dice gives their denial all the more weight. laws was side-tracked last week as soon as it was at 116 University Place, New York 3, N. Y. As for the Stuttgart atrocity tale, inquiry made introduced into Congress. Telephone: ALgonquin 4-8547 at the French Embassy and checked by them with Representative Robert Doughton, Chairman of the FARRELL DOBBS, Managing Editor the French High Command, according to Wagner, House Ways and Means Committee which must ap­ “has brought a categorical denial of this story. prove the measure before it is brought on the House THE MILITANT follows the policy of permit­ Thus this charge is not only irrelevant, but also un­ floor, indicated strongly on July 10 that his com­ ting its contributors to present their own views mittee would take no action for some time on the In signed articles. These views therefore do not true." Allied Supreme Headquarters likewise de­ bill. necessarily represent the policies of THE M IL I­ nied the truth of the story. He emphasized that the bill was introduced only TAN T which are expressed in its editorials. One single fact alone — aside from these offi­ by “ request” and that “ it w ill be included in a num­ cial denials— blows up the Senator’s fabrication Subscriptions: $1.00 per year; 60c for 6 months. ber of other things under study.” He further in­ about the subway rape: there is no subway in Stutt­ Foreign: $2.00 per year, $1.00 fo r 6 months. dicated that the bill may be held up in committee gart! until Fall. Bundle orders: 3 cents per copy in the United States; 4 cents per copy in all foreign countries. Yet in the face of these facts the capitalist press While Congress finds the time to vote itself a big Single copies: 5 cents. did not give equal prominence to the exposure of salary increase, billions in tax rebates to the cor­ Eastland’s lies. In fact most of the capitalist press porations and other measures to aid the profiteers, “ Entered as second class matter March 7, 1944 did not even mention the exposure! So far as their it pleads that it is “ too busy” to consider the needs at the post office at New York, N. Y., under record is concerned, Eastland’s declarations still of millions of workers facing mass unemployment in the act of March 3, 1879.” the next few months. stand. Bigots who drink up such filth y propa­ The proposed measure, based on Truman’s report ganda w ill continue to circulate the story as gen­ “ The cook threatened to strike — can't we have her arrested under your to Congress last May would provide a federal sub­ Only the world revo­ uine. sidy to states to supplement their unemployment Could a more revealing light be thrown on the Smith-whatcha-ma-callit law ?” lution can save the compensation funds if the state governments agree role of the capitalist press in besmirching the (See Cartoon Contest, Page 7) to raise their present standards to a $25 weekly USSR for socialism. But Negro people? maximum fo r a period of 26 weeks during any en­ the world revolution tire year of unemployment. Most eligible workers would receive fa r less than the maximum, which carries with it the ines­ averages out to $12.50 a week over a year's time. capable blotting out of Big Three Meeting Meanwhile, the state governments are further the Krem lin oligarchy. tightening their rules for unemployment insurance Like three vultures settling on the prostrate body use these troops to put down eligibility. One of the chief means of denying work­ — Leon Trotsky of Europe, Truman, Churchill and Stalin are meet­ Italy revolution. In their own way they Fronce ers unemployment insurance are legal residence The Parisian paper La Vie ing in the ruins of Berlin. Each one knows that Devastating unemployment in hope to continue the task of the restrictions. These would deny unemployment com­ Economique et Financière (Econ­ the Second World War is but the prelude to a still Italy is making still worse the H itlerite regime — that is, pre­ pensation to millions of workers who have been ncar-famine conditions facing the omic and Financial Life) in its bloodier conflict if the capitalist system endures. serve capitalism, in Germany. forced to migrate to different states for war jobs. workers and poor people. The new In order to use the Allied troops May 26 issue viciously attacks They are therefore highly concerned over strength­ the French Trotskyists. The de Recently the Pennsylvania legislature adopted a puppet premier, Ferruccio Parri, most effectively in this bloody reciprocal relief law which permits aid to non-resi­ A Warning To Labor ening their individual positions in preparation for Gaulle regime has persecuted the has been forced to admit that counter - revolutionary task, the dents provided the state from which the applicant the T hird World War, and w ill fight for the larg­ about half the workers among imperialists want to prevent them Trotskyists throughout France, The frenzied attempt of the New York Publish­ arresting them and suppressing comes grants similar privileges to non-resident ap­ the great industries of northern from learning the truth about the ers Association and the War Labor Board to break est possible share of the booty now in their hands. their paper La Vérité (Truth), plicants from Pennsylvania. Only Rhode Island Ita ly are working only two to opposition of the German workers the heroic strike of newspaper deliverers has flash­ The three vultures are meeting, consequently, three hours a day or not at all. to the Nazi regime. They want to first underground publication to qualifies ed a red-light warning to all American labor. For in secret. They are haggling in secret. They are In response to the mounting prevent the Allied soldiers from appear against the Nazi con­ The Truman proposal would leave administration this attempt is an ominous preview of the pattern measuring o ff each other’s power, striving to cut unrest among the Italian work­ learning from the lips of the querors. Now La Vie Economique of unemployment insurance in the hands of the each other down. ers, Parri on July .13 addressed German people the truth about et Financière, organ of French notoriously corrupt state political machines. But fo r strikebreaking which W all Street and its gov­ imperialism, joins the w olf pack ernment is elaborating for use against the resurgent But the main business of the conference—ways an appeal to his Allied masters fascism — that it is simply a even this measure is regarded by the Big Business to modify the terms of the secret product of capitalism which can howling against Trotskyism. American workers. and means of suppressing the rising tide of work­ This reactionary journal in­ agents in Congress as “ too much.” They are pro­ armistice and give Italy “ a better be exterminated root and branch ceeding to bury it “ in committee.” First, the government wheeled up the War Labor ing class revolution—will take precedence over all status than we have now.” only by overthrowing capitalism sinuates that Trotskyism is an international plot. It points to the Board artillery. The WLB intervened as an open, other considerations. The establishment of work­ Parri revealed that more than itself. “disquieting synchronization” be­ undisguised strikebreaking agency. A t the first nod ers’ power would end the rule of capitalism and 20 p00 Italian soldiers and 40,- * * * tween the Belgian crisis, the from the publishers, the board commanded the along with it the privileged position of the agents 000 civilians had been killed in An Associated Press dispatch the struggle against the Nazis. French crisis and “ even the Du Pont, National Lead workers to return to work. Then, without an iota of of imperialism represented, above all, by Stalin. gives a graphic picture of the New documents, he declared, British crisis,” while levelling its They are therefore in unanimous agreement on sordid night life in Berlin where authority, it ordered the union’s rights voided arfd showed that the Italian workers the officer staffs of the Allied fat banker’s finger at Trotskyism In Cartel Conspiracy gave the signal to the capitalist publishers to draw the necessity to crush working class revolution brought to Germany had offered conquerors regale ..themselves. as responsible fo r fomenting these crises. This is the tradi­ up their next battery of big guns—the mobilization wherever it may break out into the open. stubborn resistance against the “For a pack of cigarettes,” says The National Lead Company and E. I. du Pont This i-s the main point on the agenda of the Big Nazis and German factory AP, “a foreign conqueror can buy tional device of reaction. Instead of strikebreakers. of viewing the profound economic de Nemours & Company, notorious munitions and But the sickening, the shameful aspect of the Three. owners. everything from four percent beer chemical trust, last week were found guilty of Parri declared “ moral and to the questionable charms of a and social crisis of Europe as a violating the Sherman Anti-Trust Law by maintain­ W LB ’s strikebreaking intervention was the role of material reconstruction is not professional blonde.” product of the breakdown of the labor members on the board. Here was a dem­ possible for the Italians” under Amid the terrible ruins of the capitalism and the end result of ing a monopoly in the manufacture and sale of tita ­ onstration that the government is seeking to u til­ the terms of the armistice im­ cemetery-like city, “hpnkytonks the most devastating war in his­ nium, an- important war material. tory, reaction seeks out “agita­ ize the War Labor Board against workers not in A Good Beginning posed by the Allies. as sordid as any old time In a 45-Jia:ge opinion, Federal Judge Simon H. However, the limberness of Klondike dancehall cater to all tors” whom it can blame and Rifkind also found the two indicted corporations war industries—in preparation for extending the crucify. Trotskyism offers the spine of this representative of with the time and money to guilty of participation in an illegal international W LB ’s strikebreaking powers into the postwar The Los Angeles CIO has taken a big step for­ only program capable of provid­ Italian reaction before the Allied spend.” cartel to lim it production, fix prices and divide period. The W LB ’s labor members nevertheless ward in the fight against native American fas­ ing an end to misery and hunger. imperialists is fu lly indicated by The abysmal poverty of the markets on a world-wide scale. The cartel conspiracy voted for the board’s strikebreaking actions. cism. On July 20, the same night Gerald L. K. his cowardice in not even demand­ German workers forces “ girls of Reaction thereupon accuses Trot­ skyism for responsibility for included German, Japanese, French, British, Canadian Thus, these labor “ leaders” continued to cloak Smith’s organization was to meet in the Shrine ing publication of the shameful bobby sox age” to stand about these terrible conditions! and other foreign corporations. the War Labor Board, the proven tool of the em­ auditorium, the Los Angeles CIO scheduled a terms of the secret armistice. “ in clusters eyeing prospective acquaintances.” “Until the entry of the United States into the ployers, with an aura of “ im partiality” and sanc­ counter-meeting in the much larger Olympic audi­ The journal, in a ludicrous “ The night clubs... share with attempt to bring in evidence for war,” said Judge Rifkind, the American members of tioned its strikebreaking. This situation can no torium. Sweden the cartel “regarded the war as a temporary inter­ This counter-meeting can serve a most useful retail food stores the distinction its calculated lies that might im­ longer be tolerated. The shout must go forth like A special dispatch to the June of being the most active business press the unwary, refers to the ruption fo r which they would, after cessation of thunder from the entire union ranks: W IT H D R A W purpose. First, it can acquaint the Los Angeles 30 Chicago Daily News reveals enterprises in this grisly capital widespread strikes in France and hostilities, make adjustments in a spirit of fairness THE LABOR MEMBERS FROM THE working class with the danger of native fascism that even in Sweden, at present of partitioned Allied power.” tries to show how the Trotskyists and amity.” He added that “there is a preponderant STRIKEBREAKING WAR LABOR BOARD! in the post-war period. Secondly, it can give the the most prosperous country on Few Germans haunt these create dissension and turmoil. As probability that the underlying conspiracy persists.” the European continent, economic bright spots in the general ruin. if Trotskyist agitation were at W ith the W LB ’s tacit sanction, the publishers alarm signal to all the anti-fascists in the coun­ However, the punishment of these big business try that precious time must not be lost. Labor conditions are sw iftly deteriorat­ Those who do are “ dazed white- the bottom of workers’ unrest! criminals who made millions from their conspiracy, drew up their next line of strikebreaking artillery. ing. “ National incomes have collar folk splurging their last The crudity and brazenness of w ill not fit the crime. Since they were tried in a They sought to inject race hatred— the deadliest must begin right now to organize its defense against decreased 10 percent since the marks in an effort to forget the attacks such as these are ob­ civil suit, there is no possibility that they will go to the challenge of Smith’s plan to convert America war’s beginning,” says the damp cellars to which they must vious. It would be a grave 'o f venoms— into the conflict. While rounding up jail or even pay big fines. misguided youngsters, including a number of Ne­ into a stronghold of world fascism. T hirdly, it w ill dispatch, “ and living standards return at dark. All look as if they mistake, however, to dismiss them have decreased in the same were driftin g aimlessly — their A t most, it is expected that the judge w ill order gro boys, to peddle papers, the publishers’ agents serve notice on the American fascists that they as unimportant. French reaction cannot hope to emulate Hitler or Mussolini with­ proportion.” future a blank.” is gathering its forces fo r a the offending corporations to “ cease and desist” circulated the lie that the striking union discri­ Great dissatisfaction with con­ Mainstay of the night clubs is from further law violations and release their patents out meeting, from the outset, the mighty resist­ bloody settling of accounts with minated against Negro workers. ditions is visible among the work­ the officer caste. Special tables the workers. The attacks against fo r the use of other concerns on a royalty-free basis. This lie the union has exposed. It does accept ance of the labor movement. ing class. “ For five months now-. are reserved for them. Here Rus­ Trotskyism are part of the For the guilty corporations, this constitutes a warn­ Negroes without discrimination. But it has only a America’s native fascists have learned a great 125,000 workers in the metal­ sian, American and British gold- preparation. When the tools of ing — to evade the anti-trust laws more carefully lurgical industries have been on braid wine, dine and sing while few Negro members. Why? The newspaper pub­ deal from the march of Mussolini and H itler to French Big Business set out to in the future. power. They understand that to be successful they strike, prostrating such great about them the broken wheels of murder the most militant work­ lishers themselves have persistently REFUSED export firms as L. M. Ericsson, a great industrial center of must begin with an aggressive attempt to mobilize ers in France, they w ill do so TO HIRE NEGRO WORKERS! Bofors, Swedish General Electric, Europe gather rust. under guise of stamping out Finally, came the most sinister aspect of the tens of thousands of discontented middle class Electrolux and the great Goteborg enemies of the country and in­ 0PA Admits Black Markets strikebreaking pattern—the open threat to use re­ people. They know the most rabid of these people shipbuilding works.” The demands ternational plotters against turned war veterans to smash the strike. In short, must be organized into shock troops. They know of the workers in this extra­ France. The name they w ill give their next step is to turn these gangs against the ordinary strike are not specified. this “plot” will be Trotskyism. the maddened capitalists and their mouthpieces In the political sphere, a le ft­ Steal Billions Annually revealed their ultimate method for “ dealing w ith” labor movement and crush it through violence ward swing is rapidly taking Black markets are gouging an estimated two billion organized labor—the method used so effectively and bloodshed. place. Swedish political com­ Algeria At its present stage of development. American Q: Did United States trade dollars annually in increased prices from the Amer­ by Mussolini and Hitler. mentators expect the Social with Spain decrease during the De Gaulle’s Consultative As­ fascism is concentrating on organizing its cadres Democrats to form a labor gov­ ican consumers, OPA officials admitted last week in Fortunately, the rising wrath of the New York present World War? sembly is now debating the rising Washington. and establishing a base of mass support in the ernment this fa ll when the present unrest in Algeria. Instead of workers and the determined stand of the strikers A: No — on the contrary, the They reported that the government’s price control middle class. This is the strategy the would-be coalition breaks up. granting the independence the forced the Publishers Association and War Labor United States last year bought agency is so under-staffed and has such feeble pow­ dictator Gerald L. K. Smith is now following. five times as much from Franco- Algerians want, these spokesmen Board to retreat. The bosses dared not—this time Germany governed Spain as it did in the of French capitalism envisage a ers that it is incapable of halting the ever-growing — attempt to make good on their strikebreaking This is the reason for his public activities in Los black market operations. Congress recently denied Despite increasing pressure from last peacetime year of 1939. Ac­ long-range program of tightening Angeles. the coils of imperialism on this an OPA request for $6,000,000 to double its enforce­ threats. the ranks of the armed forces to cording to figures recently an­ But the American labor movement has learned unhappy colony. ment staff. But let there be no illusions that what the em­ relax the ban on fraternization nounced by the Department of ployers and government revealed in the newspaper from the experiences of the European workers. The with German civilians, the Ameri­ Commerce, imports from Spain Last May, French armed forces Ceiling price violations and black market practices were ’$50,000,000 in 1944, as strike is just idle talk. It follows the basic pattern leaders of the trade unions in Italy and Germany, can generals remain adamant in flying American planes bombed are almost universal fo r meats, poultry and textiles. the heads of the Stalinists and the Social Demo­ against $10,000,000 in 1939. the rebellious Algerians, inflict­ Although OPA appeals to the consumers to refuse for their coming assaults on American labor. The their refusal to change their * * * policy. ing more than 10,000 casualties. to buy at above-ceiling prices, this would mean sim­ workers have been warned in good time. Let them crats, followed a policy of non-resistance to the While admitting widespread Q: How much food are Ger­ Andre Tixier, Minister of the In­ ply going without meat and clothing altogether. fascists. By their lack of militancy they guaranteed man civilians allowed by the take heed and unite their ranks for uncompromis­ violations of the order, the gen­ terior, hinted that, the blame for Actually the black market is to a large extent the triumph of fascism. If these leaders had organ­ AMG? the uprising rests with wealthy ing struggle. erals maintain that reversing it maintained by the regular dealers. These dealers, all ized a m ilitant defense against the fascists, neither A : Only 1150 calories per day, estate-owning colonists who re­ would lead to still greater fratern­ the way from manufacturers to retailers, have de­ Mussolini nor H itler could ever have seized power. ization. In a July 9 release to the roughly equivalent to six slices fused to carry out even such a vised numerous methods fo r price ceiling evasion. The next step in the struggle against Smith and press the army staff indicated of rye bread. Such a ration mild reform as granting 80,000 means starvation. A medical natives the right to vote. Perhaps the principal method is that of the cash- his fellow demagogues is therefore the mobiliza­ the real reasons for the ban on Liar Eastland fraternization. As summarized by «commission of the League of Na­ Pierre Bloch, a “’Socialist,” ac­ on-the-side sale. The purchaser simply makes an tion of labor’s ranks and the organization of picket tions, a few years ago, found the correspondent of The New cused reactionary economic in­ additional cash payment that is not recorded on that even 1770 calories, one and On June 29 Senator Eastland of Mississippi fili­ lines. Picket lines around the meetings of the na­ York Times, the generals are in terests in Algeria of “fomenting” check stubs or invoices. The final price-hike is .passed a half times the allotment for bustered in the Senate against continuance of the tive fascists, if organized on a sufficiently large “ fear of German uprisings during the uprising, while Marc Rucart on to the consumer who is forced to pay “ what the Germany, would only maintain the coming winter.” The generals of the Radical Socialist Party saw traffic will bear” or do without. Fair Employment Practices Committee. He flung and aggressive scale, can stop the fascist movement the life of a bedridden adult who two foul accusations against the Negro people. He in its tracks. expect “ serious trouble” as a the hand of “ our Allies who look The textile and clothing industries are in the best had no exercise whatever. on Algeria with covetous eyes.” said that "high-ranking generals” had character­ The picket lines must be reinforced with anti­ result of shortages in fuel and * * * position to get away with price gouging. Because of food. Q: When the government takes Most slanderous accusation of the factors of style, innumerable different materials, ized the Negro soldier as an “ utter and abysmal fascist workers’ guards. These guards are neces­ all, however, was levelled by the This confirms .the analysis ad­ over a plant, doesn’t that plant colors, etc., the textile and clothing profiteers are failure.” He said that French Negro Senegalese sary to meet the assault of the fascist thugs Smith vanced by The M ilitant from the Stalinist, Etienne Fajon. This suffer a loss in profits? able to put out “ new” items not specifically covered troops dressed in American uniforms had locked and his cohorts are now organizing. They are beginning of the Allied occupa­ professional mud-slinger declared A : Not at all. The Montgom- by the regulations, which fix the ceilings at 1942 5,000 Christian German girls of good fam ily in a necessary to protect union halls and other labor tion of Germany. The M ilitant cry-Ward mail order house, for that the Algerian natives took levels. In this way, they can pass o ff shoddy mate­ subway at Stuttgart for five days, “ kept them there property from attack. They are necessary to pro­ declared that the Allies oppose example, under army manage­ part in a “ fascist plot” fomented fraternization because they fear by agents of Vichy and H itler! rials at exorbitant prices. and crim inally assaulted them.!' tect the lives of union men. ment, made profits of $4,767, 955 a workers’ revolution in Germany in the first quarter of this year* Thus do the agents of t.he Kremlin None of the government cost-of-living statistics, The capitalist press gave great prominence to The Los Angeles CIO has started the defense of will gain wide sympathy among after all taxes. This compares Iry to whitewash French im ­ on which the wage-freeze is based, take into account these accusations of the Southern gentleman. The American labor against native fascism. Now it the ranks of the Allied troops. with $3,430,324 in the first quar­ perialism by throwing filth on black market prices, quality deterioration and over­ capitalist press did not say whether the chivalrous must be followed up throughout the entire country! The Allied imperialists intend to ter of 1944. the martyred rebels of Algeria. ceiling charges.