Building a diamond open access journal on Wikimedia platform

Dr. Diptanshu Das

Editor in Chief, ILAE Project Board member, Wikimedia Medicine & Long term Wikipedian Former Board Member, WikiJournal of Medicine

Wikimeet India 2021 Member, Working Group, Open Access India Developmental Paediatrician & Child Neurologist [email protected]

● a collection of values shared by individuals (freedom of speech, knowledge for everyone, community sharing, etc.); ● a collection of projects (Wikipedia, , , , , , , , Wikispecies, , , Incubator, etc); ● a collection of activities (conferences, workshops, wikiacademies, etc.); ● a collection of organizations (, Wikimedia chapters, etc.), as well as some free electrons (individuals without chapters) and similar-minded organizations Wikimedia Projects

● Wikipedia, a web-based encyclopedia ● Wiktionary, a dictionary ● Wikibooks, educational textbooks ● Wikinews, news articles ● Wikiquote, a collection of quotations ● Wikisource, a library of source texts and documents ● Wikiversity, educational material ● Wikivoyage, a travel guide ● Wikispecies, a taxonomic catalogue of species ● Wikimedia Commons, a data repository of media like images, videos and sounds. ● Wikidata, a common source of data, also accessible by the other projects Wikipedia

●The largest and most popular general

reference work on the Internet ○Over 55 million articles1 ○Over 300 languages2 ●15 billion views per month3

●1.7 billion unique visitors per month Articles in English ●11th most visited website4 Wikipedia matters

●The general public trust it.5, 6 ●Used by doctors (50% - 70%)7, students (>95%)8, educators (>85%)9 and lawmakers10 .

Picture B https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine Inconsistent quality and Changes are reviewed, Clinicians/academics/ A shortage of images Cannot incorporate coverage11 but not systematically researchers often want original research Can not simply use any image on credit for their work the internet due to copyright Academic limitation More than a mention in the “history” tab

Wikipedia’s limitations

CC BY-SA 3.0 Maintenance costs, Most are paywalled Non-paywalled Copyright of images Limited readership Rigid, unchanging subscription costs, to readers journals charge (size and articles become advertising authors (article demographics) outdated processing charge) … Some charge both authors and readers!

Academic journals’ limitations

CC BY-SA 3.0 Similarities and differences

Academic Journal Wikipedia Readership size Small and brief Very large and extended Median article - 800 total Median article - 10,000 per year Top 5% article - 3000 total Top 5% article - 1,000,000 per year Readership composition Other academics, often within narrow field General public as well as experts and professionals

Peer review Pre-publication, private review by 2-4 subject Post-publication public review of a sort by subject specialists generalists ‘Good article’ - 1 reviewer ‘Featured Article’ - 5-12 reviewers Reputation Varies by journal but generally extremely high Public generally trust Academics have mixed opinions but improving Authorship Small number with relevant, accredited Large number with mixed expertise levels. Loose expertise. Organised group with lead and organisation. Many pseudonymous or anonymous. corresponding authors. Timeliness Static Constantly updated Updated by new publications Only one consensus version

Shafee, T. et al. (2017). Evolution of Wikipedia’s medical content: past, present and future. JECH. 71(10) CC BY-SA 3.0 Academic journals publishing model

Traditional model Open Access model

● The reader, the reader's ● The author or the author's institution, or a library pays a institution pays an Article subscription fees Processing Charge (APC) as a fees for submission and publication,

and/or a membership fees. Hybrid model ● Journal costs are borne by professional societies or sponsoring ● Combination of both models institutions.

Open Access models

https://www.bium.ch/en/pu blication-open-access/publ ication-and-open-access/ https://www.nature.com/news/open-access-the-true-cost-of-science-publishing-1.12676 Open Access models Diamond Open Access

Using the Wikimedia platform https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/WikiJournal_User_Group Key features

All published articles are openly accessible under a Open Access free Creative Commons license

WJM is a fully non-profit journal run by volunteer Free to publish editors so has no publication charges of any kind

All article peer reviews are published and Public peer-review publicly accessible

Appropriate material is integrated into Wikipedia-integrated Wikipedia for added reach and exposure How do WikiJournals complement Wikipedia?

●Published in a standard academic journal format ○ Compliant with international journal guidelines (ICMJE, COPE, & BOAI) ○ Indexed, dissemination in academic world - G-scholar, DOAJ, CrossRef (DOI codes), ISSN, informit, ScienceOpen ○ Familiar format to researchers and health professionals ○ Permanent, citable “version of record” ●Externally peer reviewed (publicly accessible reviews) ●Authors are credited for their work ●Ethics, guidelines and processes externally audited (member of COPE and ICJME) ●Suitable material is incorporated into the encyclopaedia to be dynamic living version with maximum reach and impact Publication formats

Research Review

Original research Case studies Focused Encyclopaedic Multimedia

Generally including A patient case in the on a specific detail - Broad summaries These are short Method, Results, medical journal, or a of a topic. covering an entire reviews centred Discussion. significant event, topic. around a key image decision, project, or - Encyclopaedic or other multimedia. policy. tone.

They can be re-writes, expansions or improvements of existing important Wikipedia articles. Before After

Text used to expand Wikipedia articles Images are stored in Wikimedia Commons, and can be used across sister projects. Images from this one paper appear in articles with a total of 255,000 readers per month. Wikipedia articles where media View count are used (Feb 2015) Estrogen 53793 Estradiol 27055 Menstrual cycle 53209 Ovulation 15584 Reference ranges for blood tests 23898

Progesteron 34680 Follicle-stimulating hormone 22883 Luteinising hormone 23706 Publishing flow (Journal first)

Publication

PDF Citable Preprint Public Stable server peer review HTML Indexed do Version of record i

Highly accessed Broad readership Editable and updatable

Wikipedia-integration

WikiJSci Editorial Board. (2018). The aims and scope of WikiJournal of Science. WikiJSci 1(1) Publishing flow (Wikipedia first)

Preprint server Publication

PDF Citable Public Stable peer review HTML Indexed do Version of record i

Highly accessed Broad readership Editable and updatable

Wikipedia as preprint Wikipedia-integration

WikiJSci Editorial Board. (2018). The aims and scope of WikiJournal of Science. WikiJSci 1(1) Publishing flow (Versioning)

Preprint server Publication

PDF Citable Public Stable peer review HTML Indexed do Version of record i

Highly accessed Broad readership Versioning Editable and updatable

Wikipedia as preprint Wikipedia-integration

WikiJSci Editorial Board. (2018). The aims and scope of WikiJournal of Science. WikiJSci 1(1) Beyond Wikipedia

●Teaching resource used in Wikiversity ○ Acute gastrointestinal bleeding from a chronic cause: a teaching case report ●Image gallery in Commons and used throughout Wikimedia sister projects ○ Medical Gallery of Blausen Medical ●Stand-alone research article ○ Vitamin D as an adjunct for acute community-acquired pneumonia among infants and children: systematic review and meta-analysis ●Possibly also ○ Wikibooks 27 ○ Wikidata Who can submit articles?

Anyone can submit All authors treated equally The content counts

Ideal for research and acedemics aiming to Achieve maximum outreach, exposure, and impact Be credit for expert input to open access projects Contribute to the world’s most read encyclopaedia

Picture D Who can peer review articles?

Anyone can give review Pre- or post-publication

External experts invited to review (at least 2 required) Have expertise in the topic at hand, and be willing to provide relevant credentials if requested.

Be willing to disclose any potential conflicts of interests

Not be editorial board members of the journal

Anonymity optional

Picture E • 66,000 journal article views during 12 2018. • 4.2 million views (2018) of all material 13 integrated into Wikipedia. High impact • 11 publications so far in 2019. Wikimedia journal hosting platform

Features Site identity and branding journals.wikimedia.org / wikijournals.org / journals.wiki / j.wiki Specialised sidebar items and logos CC BY default license (compatible with most scientific journals) Automation of repetitive tasks Copying accepted articles into latest volume & issue Formatting PDFs Specialised extensions Automated email reminders to reviewers31 Wikidata integration to track peer reviews (currently written in talkpages) Individual WikiJournals

WikiJournal of Science WikiJournal of Medicine www.WikiJSci.org www.WikiJMed.org [email protected] [email protected] WikiJSci WikiJMed WikiJSci WikiJMed

WikiJournal of Humanities WikiJournal of PPB www.WikiJHum.org [email protected] WikiJHum WikiJHum Case studies – improving Wikipedia

FULL REVIEW ARTICLES ARTICLE SECTIONS Existing high-quality Wikipedia Section of Wikipedia article article updated and submitted warranted own page ○ Hippocampus ○ Gene structure Wikipedia articles previously lacked Wikipedia article previously images existing but flawed/outdated ○ Cell disassembly during apoptosis ○ Lysine Wikipedia article previously completely absent/stub ○ Anthracyclines

33 Possible partnership systems

●Article co-published in both a specialist “conventional” journal and in a WikiJournal. ○ Specialist journal: Invite authors, identify peer reviewers ○ WikiJournal: Advise on Wikipedia policy compliance, readability, style and formatting ●Co-publishing in two journals is frequent. Example: Staniszewska, S., et al. (2017). GRIPP2 reporting checklists: tools to improve reporting of patient and public involvement in research. Research involvement and engagement, 3(1), 13 Staniszewska, S., et al. (2017). GRIPP2 reporting checklists: tools to improve reporting of patient and public involvement in research. British Medical Journal 358(1), j3453 ●Appropriate content then copied into Wikipedia per ‘journal-first’ model

Picture H How can this be relevant for me?

● Creating a WikiJournal in your niche, relevant to the WikiProjects under which you edit articles. Pulling together a team needed to operate the journal. ● Enhancing the model and the structure to make it scalable. Deep insights needed. ● Debiasing, wherever relevant. ● Attracting academic societies from across the globe to use the model. References and notes

1. List of – Grand Total (updated daily)". Wikimedia.org. Retrieved 15 August 2019.

2. . Wikimedia.org. Retrieved Aug 15, 2019.

3. Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report - Wikipedia Page Views Per Country – Overview. Monthly requests or daily averages, for period: 1 Sep 2018 - 30 Sep 2018 . Retrieved Aug 15, 2019

4. Alexa - The top 500 sites on the web. Retrieved Aug 15, 2019.

5. Giles J (2005). "Internet encyclopedias go head to head". Nature’

6. Lucassen T, Schraagen JM (2010) Trust in Wikipedia: how users trust information from an unknown source. Proceedings of the 4th workshop on Information credibility

7. Heilman JM, West AG (2015) “Wikipedia and Medicine: Quantifying Readership, Editors, and the Significance of Natural Language.” J Med Internet Res

8. Allahwala UK et al. (2013) “Wikipedia use amongst medical students–New insights into the digital revolution” Medical teacher

9. Purcell K et al. (2013) “How teachers are using technology at home and in their classrooms” Pew Research Center

10. Peoples LF (2009) "Citation of Wikipedia in Judicial Opinions, The." Yale JL & Tech

11. Clauson, K. A; Polen, H. H; Boulos, M. N K.; Dzenowagis, J. H (18 November 2008). "Scope, Completeness, and Accuracy of Drug Information in Wikipedia". Annals of Pharmacotherapy 42 (12): 1814–1821. doi:10.1345/aph.1L474. PMID 19017825.

12. Category:Articles that have passed peer review, Wikimedia Toolforge.

13. WikiJMed, WikiJSci, WikiJHum statistics at Wikimedia Toolforge for 2018. Images

A. ”Wikipedia mini globe handheld”. Lane Hartwell. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. B. ”Alumnos de la UG editando Wikipedia”. Edjoerv. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. C. ”Blausen 0909 WhiteBloodCells”. BruceBlaus. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license. D. ”Lead-2”. Chemical Elements, Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license. E. ”Tubal Pregnancy with embryo”. Ed Uthman. Public Domain. F. BlankMap-World-v2. Roke. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. G. ”Wikimedia logo family complete”. Wikimedia Foundation. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Use of the Wikimedia logos and trademarks is subject to the Wikimedia trademark policy and visual identity guidelines, and may require permission. H. BruceBlaus. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license. Thanks.. Questions?

● You can help... ● Get involved.

Reach me on: [email protected]

User: Diptanshu Das https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Diptanshu_Das

This presentation is available under CC-BY-SA 3.0

Portions of the presentation have been taken or adapted from Mikael Haggstrom’s presentation on WikiJournal (CC-BY-SA 3.0) at 2019, Stockholm.