Appendix 13 Trivial Names Still in Common Use for Selected Inorganic and Organic Compounds, Inorganic Ions and Organic Substituents

Appendix 13 Trivial names still in common use for selected inorganic and organic compounds, inorganic ions and organic substituents

Many of the trivial names are accepted by the IUPAC. The list is selective but includes many chemicals used in routine laboratory work.

Trivial name IUPAC namea Formula or structure

Acetamide Ethanamide O Me

NH2

Acetic acid Ethanoic acid O Me OH

Acetone Propanone Me Me

Acetonitrile Ethanenitrile Me C N Acetylacetone (Hacac) Pentane-2,4-dione

Acetyl chloride Ethanoyl chloride O Me Cl

Acetylene Ethyne HH Allene Propadiene H2CCHC 2 Aniline Phenylamine NH2

Anisole Methoxybenzene OMe

# Pearson Education Limited, 2002 2 APPENDIX 13 . Trivial names still in common use

Trivial name IUPAC namea Formula or structure

Arsine Arsane As H H H

Bicarbonate Hydrogentrioxocarbonate(IV) O O C OH

Boric acid (orthoboric acid, boracic acid) Trioxoboric acid OH HO B OH

Borohydride Tetrahydroborate(1±) H

B H H H tButyl (tert-butyl) (substituent) 1,1-Dimethylethyl CMe3

Carbon tetrachloride Tetrachloromethane Cl

C Cl Cl Cl Carbonate Trioxocarbonate(IV) O O C O

Chloroform Trichloromethane H

C Cl Cl Cl 18-Crown-6 1,4,7,10,13,16- Hexaoxacyclooctadecane O O O

O O

Cumene Isopropylbenzene

Dimethylacetylene But-2-yne Me Me

Ethylene Ethene HH

H H

# Pearson Education Limited, 2002 APPENDIX 13 . Trivial names still in common use 3

Trivial name IUPAC namea Formula or structure

Ethylenediamine (en) 1,2-Ethanediamine

H2NNH2 Ethylene glycol Ethane-1,2-diol HO OH

Formaldehyde Methanal O H H

Formamide Methanamide O H

NH2

Formic acid Methanoic acid O H OH

Hydrogen sul®de Sulfane S H H

Isopropyl (substituent) 2-Methylethyl CHMe2

Mesitylene 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene Me

Me Me

Methylene chloride Dichloromethane H

C H Cl Cl

Nitrate Trioxonitrate(V) O ON O

Nitrite Dioxonitrate(III) N O O Nitronium Nitryl OON

Perchlorate Tetraoxochlorate(VII) O

Cl O O O

Permanganate Tetraoxomanganate(VII) O

Mn O O O

# Pearson Education Limited, 2002 4 APPENDIX 13 . Trivial names still in common use

Trivial name IUPAC namea Formula or structure

Phosgene Carbonyl dichloride Cl O C Cl Phosphate Tetraoxophosphate(V) O

P O O O

Phosphine Phosphane P H H H Phosphite Phosphonate O

P OH O O Phthalic acid Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid CO2H

CO2H

Picric acid 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol OH

O2N NO2

NO2

Quicklime or lime Calcium oxide CaO

Silica Silicon dioxide SiO2 Slaked lime Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2

Stibine Stibane Sb H H H

Sulfate Tetraoxosulfate(VI) O

S O O O

Sul®te Trioxosulfate(IV) S O O O

Thionyl chloride Thionyl dichloride S Cl Cl O

Toluene Methylbenzene Me

# Pearson Education Limited, 2002 APPENDIX 13 . Trivial names still in common use 5

Trivial name IUPAC namea Formula or structure

Water glass Sodium silicate Na4[SiO4]

meta-Xylene 1,3-Dimethylbenzene Me

ortho-Xylene 1,2-Dimethylbenzene Me

para-Xylene 1,4-Dimethylbenzene Me

Me aThis may not necessarily be the only accepted IUPAC name. For fuller details see: G.J. Leigh (ed.), IUPAC Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry: Recommendations 1990, Blackwell Scienti®c Publications, Oxford; A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds, Blackwell Scienti®c Publications, Oxford (1993).

# Pearson Education Limited, 2002