Appendix 13 Trivial names still in common use for selected inorganic and organic compounds, inorganic ions and organic substituents Many of the trivial names are accepted by the IUPAC. The list is selective but includes many chemicals used in routine laboratory work. Trivial name IUPAC namea Formula or structure Acetamide Ethanamide O Me NH2 Acetic acid Ethanoic acid O Me OH Acetone Propanone Me Me O Acetonitrile Ethanenitrile Me C N Acetylacetone (Hacac) Pentane-2,4-dione OO Acetyl chloride Ethanoyl chloride O Me Cl Acetylene Ethyne HH Allene Propadiene H2CCHC 2 Aniline Phenylamine NH2 Anisole Methoxybenzene OMe # Pearson Education Limited, 2002 2 APPENDIX 13 . Trivial names still in common use Trivial name IUPAC namea Formula or structure Arsine Arsane As H H H Bicarbonate Hydrogentrioxocarbonate(IV) O O C OH Boric acid (orthoboric acid, boracic acid) Trioxoboric acid OH HO B OH Borohydride Tetrahydroborate(1±) H B H H H tButyl (tert-butyl) (substituent) 1,1-Dimethylethyl CMe3 Carbon tetrachloride Tetrachloromethane Cl C Cl Cl Cl Carbonate Trioxocarbonate(IV) O O C O Chloroform Trichloromethane H C Cl Cl Cl 18-Crown-6 1,4,7,10,13,16- Hexaoxacyclooctadecane O O O O O O Cumene Isopropylbenzene Dimethylacetylene But-2-yne Me Me Ethylene Ethene HH H H # Pearson Education Limited, 2002 APPENDIX 13 . Trivial names still in common use 3 Trivial name IUPAC namea Formula or structure Ethylenediamine (en) 1,2-Ethanediamine H2NNH2 Ethylene glycol Ethane-1,2-diol HO OH Formaldehyde Methanal O H H Formamide Methanamide O H NH2 Formic acid Methanoic acid O H OH Hydrogen sul®de Sulfane S H H Isopropyl (substituent) 2-Methylethyl CHMe2 Mesitylene 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene Me Me Me Methylene chloride Dichloromethane H C H Cl Cl Nitrate Trioxonitrate(V) O ON O Nitrite Dioxonitrate(III) N O O Nitronium Nitryl OON Perchlorate Tetraoxochlorate(VII) O Cl O O O Permanganate Tetraoxomanganate(VII) O Mn O O O # Pearson Education Limited, 2002 4 APPENDIX 13 . Trivial names still in common use Trivial name IUPAC namea Formula or structure Phosgene Carbonyl dichloride Cl O C Cl Phosphate Tetraoxophosphate(V) O P O O O Phosphine Phosphane P H H H Phosphite Phosphonate O P OH O O Phthalic acid Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid CO2H CO2H Picric acid 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol OH O2N NO2 NO2 Quicklime or lime Calcium oxide CaO Silica Silicon dioxide SiO2 Slaked lime Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 Stibine Stibane Sb H H H Sulfate Tetraoxosulfate(VI) O S O O O Sul®te Trioxosulfate(IV) S O O O Thionyl chloride Thionyl dichloride S Cl Cl O Toluene Methylbenzene Me # Pearson Education Limited, 2002 APPENDIX 13 . Trivial names still in common use 5 Trivial name IUPAC namea Formula or structure Water glass Sodium silicate Na4[SiO4] meta-Xylene 1,3-Dimethylbenzene Me Me ortho-Xylene 1,2-Dimethylbenzene Me Me para-Xylene 1,4-Dimethylbenzene Me Me aThis may not necessarily be the only accepted IUPAC name. For fuller details see: G.J. Leigh (ed.), IUPAC Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry: Recommendations 1990, Blackwell Scienti®c Publications, Oxford; A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds, Blackwell Scienti®c Publications, Oxford (1993). # Pearson Education Limited, 2002.