NIOS II Processor Implementation in FPGA: an Application of Data Logging System
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A Superscalar Out-Of-Order X86 Soft Processor for FPGA
A Superscalar Out-of-Order x86 Soft Processor for FPGA Henry Wong University of Toronto, Intel [email protected] June 5, 2019 Stanford University EE380 1 Hi! ● CPU architect, Intel Hillsboro ● Ph.D., University of Toronto ● Today: x86 OoO processor for FPGA (Ph.D. work) – Motivation – High-level design and results – Microarchitecture details and some circuits 2 FPGA: Field-Programmable Gate Array ● Is a digital circuit (logic gates and wires) ● Is field-programmable (at power-on, not in the fab) ● Pre-fab everything you’ll ever need – 20x area, 20x delay cost – Circuit building blocks are somewhat bigger than logic gates 6-LUT6-LUT 6-LUT6-LUT 3 6-LUT 6-LUT FPGA: Field-Programmable Gate Array ● Is a digital circuit (logic gates and wires) ● Is field-programmable (at power-on, not in the fab) ● Pre-fab everything you’ll ever need – 20x area, 20x delay cost – Circuit building blocks are somewhat bigger than logic gates 6-LUT 6-LUT 6-LUT 6-LUT 4 6-LUT 6-LUT FPGA Soft Processors ● FPGA systems often have software components – Often running on a soft processor ● Need more performance? – Parallel code and hardware accelerators need effort – Less effort if soft processors got faster 5 FPGA Soft Processors ● FPGA systems often have software components – Often running on a soft processor ● Need more performance? – Parallel code and hardware accelerators need effort – Less effort if soft processors got faster 6 FPGA Soft Processors ● FPGA systems often have software components – Often running on a soft processor ● Need more performance? – Parallel -
Implementation, Verification and Validation of an Openrisc-1200
(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2019 Implementation, Verification and Validation of an OpenRISC-1200 Soft-core Processor on FPGA Abdul Rafay Khatri Department of Electronic Engineering, QUEST, NawabShah, Pakistan Abstract—An embedded system is a dedicated computer system in which hardware and software are combined to per- form some specific tasks. Recent advancements in the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology make it possible to implement the complete embedded system on a single FPGA chip. The fundamental component of an embedded system is a microprocessor. Soft-core processors are written in hardware description languages and functionally equivalent to an ordinary microprocessor. These soft-core processors are synthesized and implemented on the FPGA devices. In this paper, the OpenRISC 1200 processor is used, which is a 32-bit soft-core processor and Fig. 1. General block diagram of embedded systems. written in the Verilog HDL. Xilinx ISE tools perform synthesis, design implementation and configure/program the FPGA. For verification and debugging purpose, a software toolchain from (RISC) processor. This processor consists of all necessary GNU is configured and installed. The software is written in C components which are available in any other microproces- and Assembly languages. The communication between the host computer and FPGA board is carried out through the serial RS- sor. These components are connected through a bus called 232 port. Wishbone bus. In this work, the OR1200 processor is used to implement the system on a chip technology on a Virtex-5 Keywords—FPGA Design; HDLs; Hw-Sw Co-design; Open- FPGA board from Xilinx. -
Programmable Logic Design Grzegorz Budzyń Lecture 11: Microcontroller
ProgrammableProgrammable LogicLogic DesignDesign GrzegorzGrzegorz BudzyBudzy ńń LLectureecture 11:11: MicrocontrollerMicrocontroller corescores inin FPGAFPGA Plan • Introduction • PicoBlaze • MicroBlaze • Cortex-M1 Introduction Introduction • There are dozens of 8-bit microcontroller architectures and instruction sets • Modern FPGAs can efficiently implement practically any 8-bit microcontroller • Available FPGA soft cores support popular instruction sets such as the PIC, 8051, AVR, 6502, 8080, and Z80 microcontrollers • Each significant FPGA producer offers their own soft core solution Introduction • Microcontrollers and FPGAs both successfully implement practically any digital logic function. • Each solution has unique advantages in cost, performance, and ease of use. • Microcontrollers are well suited to control applications, especially with widely changing requirements. • The FPGA resources required to implement the microcontroller are relatively constant. Introduction • The same FPGA logic is re-used by the various microcontroller instructions, conserving resources. • The program memory requirements grow with increasing complexity • Programming control sequences or state machines in assembly code is often easier than creating similar structures in FPGA logic • Microcontrollers are typically limited by performance. Each instruction executes sequentially. Introduction – block diagram Source:[1] FPGA vs Soft Core Microcontroller: – Easy to program, excellent for control and state machine applications – Resource requirements remain constant -
Implementation of PS2 Keyboard Controller IP Core for on Chip Embedded System Applications
The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES) ||Volume||2 ||Issue|| 4 ||Pages|| 48-50||2013|| ISSN(e): 2319 – 1813 ISSN(p): 2319 – 1805 Implementation of PS2 Keyboard Controller IP Core for On Chip Embedded System Applications 1, 2, Medempudi Poornima, Kavuri Vijaya Chandra 1,M.Tech Student 2,Associate Proffesor. 1,2,Prakasam Engineering College,Kandukuru(post), Kandukuru(m.d), Prakasam(d.t). -----------------------------------------------------------Abstract----------------------------------------------------- In many case on chip systems are used to reduce the development cycles. Mostly IP (Intellectual property) cores are used for system development. In this paper, the IP core is designed with ALTERA NIOSII soft-core processors as the core and Cyclone III FPGA series as the digital platform, the SOPC technology is used to make the I/O interface controller soft-core such as microprocessors and PS2 keyboard on a chip of FPGA. NIOSII IDE is used to accomplish the software testing of system and the hardware test is completed by ALTERA Cyclone III EP3C16F484C6 FPGA chip experimental platform. The result shows that the functions of this IP core are correct, furthermore it can be reused conveniently in the SOPC system. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 8 April 2013 Date Of Publication: 25, April.2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -
Application-Specific Customization of Soft Processor Microarchitecture
Application-Specific Customization of Soft Processor Microarchitecture Peter Yiannacouras, J. Gregory Steffan, and Jonathan Rose The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto {yiannac,steffan,jayar}@eecg.utoronto.ca ABSTRACT processors on their FPGA die, there has been significant up- A key advantage of soft processors (processors built on an take [15,16] of soft processors [3,4] which are constructed in FPGA programmable fabric) over hard processors is that the programmable fabric itself. While soft processors can- they can be customized to suit an application program’s not match the performance, area, or power consumption of specific software. This notion has been exploited in the past a hard processor, their key advantage is the flexibility they principally through the use of application-specific instruc- present in allowing different numbers of processors and spe- tions. While commercial soft processors are now widely de- cialization to the application through special instructions. ployed, they are available in only a few microarchitectural Specialization can also occur by selecting a different micro- variations. In this work we explore the advantage of tuning architecture for a specific application, and that is the focus the processor’s microarchitecture to specific software appli- of this paper. We suggest that this kind of specialization cations, and show that there are significant advantages in can be applied in two different contexts: doing so. 1. When an embedded processor is principally -
Five Ways to Build Flexibility Into Industrial Applications with Fpgas by Jason Chiang and Stefano Zammattio, Altera Corporation
Five Ways to Build Flexibility into Industrial Applications with FPGAs by Jason Chiang and Stefano Zammattio, Altera Corporation WP-01154-2.0 White Paper This document describes using an Altera® industrial-grade FPGA as a coprocessor or system on a chip (SoC) to bring flexibility to industrial applications. Providing a single, highly integrated platform for multiple industrial products, Altera FPGAs can substantially reduce development time and risk. Introduction Programmable logic devices (PLDs) are a critical component in embedded industrial designs. PLDs have evolved in industrial designs from providing simple glue logic, to the use of an FPGAs as a coprocessor. This technique allows for I/O expansion and off loads the primary microcontroller (MCU) or digital signal processor (DSP) device in applications such as communications, motor control, I/O modules, and image processing. As system complexity increases, FPGAs also offer the ability to integrate an entire SoC, at a lower cost compared to discrete MCU, DSP, ASSP, or ASIC solutions. Whether used as a coprocessor or SoC, Altera FPGAs offer the following advantages for your industrial applications: 1. Design Integration—Simplify and reduce cost by using an FPGA as a coprocessor or SoC that integrates the IP and software stacks on a single device platform. 2. Reprogrammability—Adapt industrial designs to evolving protocols, IP improvements, and new hardware features within one FPGA on a common development platform. 3. Performance Scaling—Enhance performance via embedded processors, custom instructions, and IP blocks within the FPGA to meet your system requirements. 4. Obsolescence Protection—Increase industrial product life cycles and provide protection against hardware obsolescence through long FPGA life cycles and device migration to new FPGA families. -
Development of Softcore Processor
IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTCORE PROCESSOR Mohammed Zaheer1, A.M Khan2 1Research Student Department of Electronics Mangalore University, Karnataka, India 2proffesor chairman, Department of Electronics Mangalore University, Karnataka, India Abstract Designing of softcore processor on FPGA is based on software hardware co design. A soft-core processor is a hardware description language (HDL) model of a specific processor (CPU) that can be customized for a given application and synthesized for an ASIC or FPGA target. Embedded Systems which performs specific application using components having hardware and software together is known as embedded system. With hardware design getting complicated day by day, using of software tools for designing the system and testing has made the necessity of today’s technology. Due to the reduced size and greater complexity of hardware models, it requires a higher technological tool for simulation to satisfy the needs of the designers. The more efficient the simulator, complexity in the hardware model can be easily executed in small intervals of time, resulting in design product in a stipulated time intervals. The design of soft core processor system involves strict performance involving area, time, power, cost constraints. Advantages of Softcore processor design improves in design quality reduce integration and test time, supporting growing complexity of embedded system, processor cores, high level hardware synthesizing capabilities, ASIC/FPGA development and platform independence. Xilinx microblaze softcore processor support package allows to create mixed Hardware Software application using micro blaze processor. These processors are called as soft-core processor. -
CDA 4253 FPGA System Design the Picoblaze Microcontroller
CDA 4253 FPGA System Design The PicoBlaze Microcontroller Hao Zheng Comp Sci & Eng U of South Florida Overview of PicoBlaze • So:-core microcontroller in VHDL: portable to other plaorms. • Small: occupies ~20 CLBs. • Respectable performance: 50 MIPS • Predictable performance: every instrucOon takes 2 cycles. • Suitable for simple data processing and control. 2 Required Reading • P. Chu, FPGA Prototyping by VHDL Examples Chapter 14, PicoBlaze Overview Recommended Reading • PicoBlaxe 8-bit Embedded Microcontroller User Guide (UG129) • K. Chapman, PicoBlaze for Spartan-6, Virtex-6, and 7-Series (KCPSM6) 3 Block diagram of a General-Purpose Processor ctrl 4 Block diagram of a General-Purpose Processor (Microcontroller) 5 PicoBlaze Overview 8-bit data Width, 18-bit instrucOon Width, 10-bit program address 6 Size of PicoBlaze-6 in Spartan 6 1. Resource UOlizaon in CLB Slices • 26 CLB Slices • 1.1% of Spartan-6 used in Nexys3 2. Number of PicoBlaze-6 cores fing inside of the Spartan-6 FPGA (XC6SLX16) used in the Nexys3 FPGA board • 87 PicoBlaze cores Speed of PicoBlaze on Basys-3 1. Maximum Clock Frequency • 100 MHz 2. Maximum number of instrucOons per second • 50 millions of instrucOons per second (MIPS) Fixed Oming: ideal for real-Ome control applicaons, i.e. flight control, manufacturing process control, ... Register File of PicoBlaze-3 8-bit Address 0 7 s0 0 1 7 s1 0 2 7 s2 0 3 7 s3 0 4 7 s4 0 5 7 s5 0 6 7 s6 0 16 Registers 7 7 s7 0 F 7 sF 0 9 DefiniNon of Flags Flags are set or reset after ALU operations Zero flag - Z zero condition Z = 1 if result = 0 0 otherwise Carry flag - C overflow, underflow, or various conditions Example* C = 1 if result > 28-1 (for addition) or result < 0 (for subtraction) 0 otherwise *Applies only to addition or subtraction related instructions, refer to the following slides otherwise 10 Interface of PicoBlaze Inputs Outputs KCPSM = constant (K) coded programmable state machine 11 Interface of PicoBlaze in_port[7:0] – input data port that carries the data for the INPUT instrucOon. -
Nios® II Processor Reference Guide
Nios® II Processor Reference Guide Subscribe NII-PRG | 2020.10.22 Send Feedback Latest document on the web: PDF | HTML Contents Contents 1. Introduction................................................................................................................... 8 1.1. Nios II Processor System Basics.............................................................................. 8 1.2. Getting Started with the Nios II Processor.................................................................9 1.3. Customizing Nios II Processor Designs....................................................................10 1.4. Configurable Soft Processor Core Concepts..............................................................11 1.4.1. Configurable Soft Processor Core............................................................... 11 1.4.2. Flexible Peripheral Set and Address Map......................................................11 1.4.3. Automated System Generation.................................................................. 12 1.5. Intel FPGA IP Evaluation Mode...............................................................................13 1.6. Introduction Revision History.................................................................................13 2. Processor Architecture..................................................................................................14 2.1. Processor Implementation.....................................................................................15 2.2. Register File........................................................................................................16 -
Accelerated V2X Provisioning with Extensible Processor Platform
Accelerated V2X provisioning with Extensible Processor Platform Henrique S. Ogawa1, Thomas E. Luther1, Jefferson E. Ricardini1, Helmiton Cunha1, Marcos Simplicio Jr.2, Diego F. Aranha3, Ruud Derwig4 and Harsh Kupwade-Patil1 1 America R&D Center (ARC), LG Electronics US Inc. {henrique1.ogawa,thomas.luther,jefferson1.ricardini,helmiton1.cunha}@lge.com [email protected] 2 University of Sao Paulo, Brazil [email protected] 3 Aarhus University, Denmark [email protected] 4 Synopsys Inc., Netherlands [email protected] Abstract. With the burgeoning Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication, security and privacy concerns are paramount. Such concerns are usually mitigated by combining cryptographic mechanisms with a suitable key management architecture. However, cryptographic operations may be quite resource-intensive, placing a considerable burden on the vehicle’s V2X computing unit. To assuage this issue, it is reasonable to use hardware acceleration for common cryptographic primitives, such as block ciphers, digital signature schemes, and key exchange protocols. In this scenario, custom extension instructions can be a plausible option, since they achieve fine-tuned hardware acceleration with a low to moderate logic overhead, while also reducing code size. In this article, we apply this method along with dual-data memory banks for the hardware acceleration of the PRESENT block cipher, as well as for the F2255−19 finite field arithmetic employed in cryptographic primitives based on Curve25519 (e.g., EdDSA and X25519). As a result, when compared with a state-of-the-art software-optimized implementation, the performance of PRESENT is improved by a factor of 17 to 34 and code size is reduced by 70%, with only a 4.37% increase in FPGA logic overhead. -
Small Soft Core up Inventory ©2019 James Brakefield Opencore and Other Soft Core Processors Reverse-U16 A.T
tool pip _uP_all_soft opencores or style / data inst repor com LUTs blk F tool MIPS clks/ KIPS ven src #src fltg max max byte adr # start last secondary web status author FPGA top file chai e note worthy comments doc SOC date LUT? # inst # folder prmary link clone size size ter ents ALUT mults ram max ver /inst inst /LUT dor code files pt Hav'd dat inst adrs mod reg year revis link n len Small soft core uP Inventory ©2019 James Brakefield Opencore and other soft core processors reverse-u16 https://github.com/programmerby/ReVerSE-U16stable A.T. Z80 8 8 cylcone-4 James Brakefield11224 4 60 ## 14.7 0.33 4.0 X Y vhdl 29 zxpoly Y yes N N 64K 64K Y 2015 SOC project using T80, HDMI generatorretro Z80 based on T80 by Daniel Wallner copyblaze https://opencores.org/project,copyblazestable Abdallah ElIbrahimi picoBlaze 8 18 kintex-7-3 James Brakefieldmissing block622 ROM6 217 ## 14.7 0.33 2.0 57.5 IX vhdl 16 cp_copyblazeY asm N 256 2K Y 2011 2016 wishbone extras sap https://opencores.org/project,sapstable Ahmed Shahein accum 8 8 kintex-7-3 James Brakefieldno LUT RAM48 or block6 RAM 200 ## 14.7 0.10 4.0 104.2 X vhdl 15 mp_struct N 16 16 Y 5 2012 2017 https://shirishkoirala.blogspot.com/2017/01/sap-1simple-as-possible-1-computer.htmlSimple as Possible Computer from Malvinohttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prpyEFxZCMw & Brown "Digital computer electronics" blue https://opencores.org/project,bluestable Al Williams accum 16 16 spartan-3-5 James Brakefieldremoved clock1025 constraint4 63 ## 14.7 0.67 1.0 41.1 X verilog 16 topbox web N 4K 4K N 16 2 2009 -
Xilinx Vivado – „EDK” Embedded Development) 4
EFOP-3.4.3-16-2016-00009 A fels őfokú oktatás min őségének és hozzáférhet őségének együttes javítása a Pannon Egyetemen EMBEDDED SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (MISAM154R) Created by Zsolt Voroshazi, PhD [email protected] Updated: 02 March. 2020. 2. FPGAS & PLATFORMS Embedded Systems Topics covered 1. Introduction – Embedded Systems 2. FPGAs, Digilent ZyBo development platform 3. Embedded System - Firmware development environment (Xilinx Vivado – „EDK” Embedded Development) 4. Embedded System - Software development environment (Xilinx VITIS – „SDK”) 5. Embedded Base System Build (and Board Bring-Up) 6. Adding Peripherals (from IP database) to BSB 7. Adding Custom (=own) Peripherals to BSB 8. Design and Development of Complex IP cores and applications (e.g. camera/video/ audio controllers) 3 Further references • XILINX official website: http://www.xilinx.com • EE Journal – Electronic Engineering: http://www.eejournal.com/design/embedded • EE Times - News: http://www.eetimes.com/design/embedded 4 PLD & FPGA CIRCUITS General description PAST … • Before ’80s, designing logic networks for digital circuits, modern development tools were not yet available as today. • The design of high complexity (multi I/O) logical combination and sequential networks was therefore slow and cumbersome, often coupled with paper- based design, multiple manual checks, and calculations. • We could not talk about advanced design and simulation tools (CAD) either, so there was a high probability of error in a prototype design. 6 … AND PRESENT • Today, all of these are available in an automated way (EDA - Electronic Design Automation), which, in addition to the use of Programmable Logic Devices (PLD), is relatively fast for both Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) and Application-specific Integrated Circuits and Processors (ASIC / ASSP).