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3D,4D and 5D Building Information Modeling for Commercial Building Projects

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3D,4D and 5D Building Information Modeling for Commercial Building Projects International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 3D,4D and 5D Building Information Modeling for Commercial Building Projects Somnath D. Khochare1 , Ashish P. Waghmare2 1,2 PG-Student,Dr .D. Y. Patil School of Engineering and Technology,Lohegaon,Pune-412105 ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The use of building information modeling has progressive program for mandated use of fully provided a means of increasing total product quality, collaborative BIM for government projects by 2016 to providing accurate quantity takeoff and improving reduce project delays and cost overruns as part of the scheduling, consequently diminishing total project overall economic development (UK Government, 2011). In contingencies and costs. Building Information Modeling Singapore, the government provides BIM funds to promote (BIM) has recently attained widespread attention in the a broader usage of BIM technology (Singapore Construction industry. BIM represents the development and Government, 2013). use of computer-generated 5-dimensional (5-D) models to simulate the planning, design, construction and operation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) is the a facility. It helps architects, engineers and constructors to documentation process consisting of information about visualize what is to be built in simulated environment and to different phases of any project like design, construction identify potential design, construction or operational planning, construction, facility management and operation. problems. It is one holistic documentation process beneficial for operational visualization, and construction application In this paper, we had discussed What is BIM ? History of BIM such as estimating, scheduling and design coordination. development? How BIM works and process with Data Main advantage of implementing BIM application is the requires and Data flow. Also benefits and Drawbacks of BIM visual coordination of the building systems such as MEP are also discussed. (Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing) systems and it also identifies the possible conflicts between the building Key Words: BIM ,background, requirements, systems. By detecting the conflicts, problems can be limitation and benefits. resolved before actual construction which in turn saves money and time invested. 1.INTRODUCTION BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING Building information modeling (BIM) is an intelligent 3D model based process that gives in architecture engineer History of BIM and construction professional the insite and tools to more efficient plan design construct and manage the building To trace the history of BIM and BIM systems, we have to and infrastructure. BIM is a complex multiphase process go back to the early days of computing and dig through the that gathers input from team members to model the conceptual underpinnings. Computer-aided design and components and tools that will be used during the computer-aided manufacturing (then machining) construction process to create a unique perspective of the developed as two separate technologies roughly at the building process. same time going into the 60s. At the time, no one foresaw that both CAM and CAD would eventually intertwine In India, the BIM application is not widely practiced till and emerge as powerful force in industrial world now has scope to use this technology in a much wider scale. In near future BIM is expected to change the whole Year Progress of BIM development scenario of Architecture, Engineering and Construction First commercial Software [Computer (AEC) industry. The existing infrastructure at present is 1957 sufficient to cater to the needs of only two-third of India’s aided Manufacturing] used population and the quality of this existing infrastructure is Design automated by computer system has 1961 too poor to withstand natural calamities. So, there is a developed greater need for better and more infrastructure facilities in Computer aided design with graphical user near future. BIM is likely to emerge as one of the most 1963 interface “Skechpad” was developed. revolutionary advancements that would transform the Indian real estate and construction sector. According to a 1975 Building Description system developed. recent McGraw-Hill Construction Report (2012), BIM Graphical language for interactive design adoption in the USA expanded from 49% in 2009 to over 1977 (GLIDE) 71% in 2012. In the UK, the government introduced a © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 132 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Graphisoft is developed which is 3D CAD Eastman designed a program that gave the user access to a 1985 application. sortable database information can be retrieved categorically by attributes (including material and Concept of Building Modeling published in 1986 supplier); it also used a graphical user interface, papers. orthographic and perspective views . The BDS was one of Really Universal computer Aided the first projects in BIM history to successfully create this 1986 Production system has building database; it described individual library elements developed.(RUCAPS) which can be retrieved and added to a model (Bergin, 2011). Eastman concluded that BDS would improve 1987 First use of ArchiCAD in computers. drafting and analysis efficiencies and cut the cost of design the International Foundation Class (IFC) by more than fifty percent. BDS was the experiment that file format was developed to allow data to identified the most fundamental problems in architectural 1995 flow across platforms basically making a design for the next five decades. file compatible with different BIM programs In 1977, Charles Eastman created GLIDE (Graphical Language for Interactive Design) in the CMU Lab and it ArchiCAD released its first file exchange 1997 exhibited most of the characteristics of the modern BIM based Teamwork solution platform.The 80s came and several systems were being 1999 in Japan, Onuma allowed virtual developed everywhere. They quite gained popularity teams to work on BIM through the Internet within the industry and some were even applied to 1999 and created a database-driven BIM construction projects. It was in 1986 when RUCAPS planning system. (Really Universal Computer-Aided Production System) was used to assist the renovation of Heathrow Airport’s Naviswork developed which is 3D review Terminal 3. It was the first CAD program in the history of 2001 software for navigation, collaboration and BIM to be used in prefab construction (or temporal phase co-ordination. construction, if you want to be technical). It is regarded as Autodesk acquired Revit, Naviswork and a forerunner to today’s BIM software (Eastman et al, 2002 other small softwares. 2008). Mobile application developed,enables the In 1982, Gabor Bojar started developing ArchiCAD. With 2012 conception of a BIM on mobile as similar technology as the BDS, Bojar released Graphisoft’s appication. Radar CH in 1984 for the Apple Lisa OS. This was later relaunched in 1987 as ArchiCAD, making ArchiCAD the In 1957, Pronto, the first commercial software computer- first BIM software available on a personal computer aided manufacturing (CAM) was developed by Dr. Patrick J. (Bergin, 2011.Backtrack to 1985, in the US, Diehl Hanratty. It was a numerical control machining technology Graphsoft was developing Vector works, one of the first that later grew into computer-aided manufacturing. A short CAD programs, one of the first 3D modeling software time after that, he dabbled into computer-generated programs, and the first cross-platform CAD application. graphics and in 1961 developed DAC (Design Automated Vector works was one of the first to introduce BIM by Computer) which became the first CAM/CAD system capabilities. At the same time (1985), Parametric that used interactive graphics and was used for General Technology Corporation (PTC) was founded in 1985 and Motors’ complex die molds. they released Pro/ENGINEER in 1988, considered to be the first ever marketed parametric modeling design In 1963, the first computer-aided design (CAD) with software in BIM history. graphical user interface, “Sketchpad”, was developed at the MIT Lincoln Labs by Ivan Sutherland. In the 70s and By 2000, the program had introduced Revit. Revit 80s, the two main methods born out of this revolutionized BIM by using a parametric change engine were constructive solid geometry (CSG) and boundary made possible through object-oriented programming, and representation (brep). The whole design process for this by creating a platform that allowed time attribute to be necessitated an intuitive connection to the design medium added. Robert Aish first documented the use of the term and presented the challenge of commanding the computer “Building Modelling” in a published paper in 1986. In this in a simple way. paper, he argued for what we now know as BIM and the technology to implement it. A few years after that, the first In 1975, Charles Eastman published a paper describing documented use of the term “Building Information a prototype called Building Description System (BDS). It Model” appeared in a paper by G.A. Van Nederveen and F. discussed ideas of parametric design, high quality Tolman in the December 1992 Automation
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