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THE KANSAS JOURNAL OF IN THIS SPECIAL ISSUE: STUDIES IN SOCIOLINGUISTICS James W. Hartman A PERSPECTIVE ON SOCIOLINGUISTICS Reid Luhman ON LANGUAGE USE AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE Joshua A. Fishman THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL AND LINGUISTIC PILGRIMAGE OF YIDDISH Raven I. McDavid, Jr., Raymond K. O'Cain SOCIOLINGUISTICS AND LINGUISTIC GEOGRAPHY J.L. Dillard I THE AMERICAN KOINE-ORIGIN, RISE, AND PLATEAU STAGE James C. Woodward, Jr. SOME OBSERVATIONS ON SOCIOLINGUISTIC VARIATION AND AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE Gerald L. Denning HISTORICAL, PROCEDURAL, AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS Robert Hopper IS DEPRIVATION LINGUISTIC? Suggested Changes for Teacher Training Programs Concerned with Black English Glendon F. Drake BLACK ENGLISH AND THE AMERICAN VALUE SYSTEM J~~~~~~ sociology Vol.9 No.2 Fall 1973 General Editor Gary M. Schemm Issue Editors James W. Hartman Reid Luhman Editorial Consultant Janet P. Barber Managing Editor Melvin W. Barber Faculty Consultant Cesar X. Hernandez-Cela Cover Design Stephen D. Hansen ------_._------ In this special issue ... STUDIES IN SOCIOLINGUISTICS James W. Hartman A PERSPECTIVE ON SOCIOLINGUISTICS / 93 Reid Luhman ON LANGUAGE USE AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE / 97 Joshua A. Fishman THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL AND LINGUISTIC PILGRIMAGE OF YIDDISH /127 Raven I. McDavid, Jr., Raymond K. O'Cain SOCIOLINGUISTICS AND LINGUISTIC GEOGRAPHY /137 J. L. Dillard I THE AMERICAN KOINE-ORIGIN, RISE, AND PLATEAU STAGE /157 James C. Woodward, Jr. SOME OBSERVATIONS ON SOCIOLINGUISTIC VARIATION AND AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE /191 Gerald L. Denning HISTORICAL, PROCEDURAL, AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS / 201 Robert Hopper IS DEPRIVATION LINGUISTIC? Suggested Changes for Teacher Training Programs Concerned with Black English / 209 Glendon F. Drake BLACK ENGLISH AND THE AMERICAN VALUE SYSTEM /217 CORRIGENDA / 229 The Kansas Journal of Sociology is a biannual published by the Department of Sociology I University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045. All articles appearing in The KansasJournal of Sociology are indexed in Sociological Abstracts. The Journal is available on microfilm to regular subscribers to the paper edition. Inquiries should be addressed to University Microfilms, 313 N. First Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106. Copyright 1973, The KansasJournal of Sociology Fourth class postage paid at Lawrence, Kansas 66045 , I J THE KANSAS JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY 1 STATEMENT OF EDITORIAL POLICY I The KANSAS JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY offers a means of communication for students in the various disciplines of inquiry concerned with human society. Students, in our view, are not defined by age, rank, or academic degree. As members of the scientific community, they wish to construe a universe that is above all truthfully conceived, while knowing that no truth-claim is ever more than tentative, that no understanding ever more than a temporary approximation, and that the question is the mark of science. As "youthful" members of that community, they are less anxious to be among the many that know the answers than they are intent to be among the few who discover the questions. Since boldness is an old test of youth, and hard-nosed curiosity the students' sport, they often venture into unmapped fields, experiment with rustic or forgotten tools of thought, and probe the bite of concepts in the recalcitrant, abstruse, but, for them, always fascinating material worlds construed by men. In other words, the journal opens for all serious students a way to contribute more to the spirit of their discipline than to the ritual of the profession. The article is welcome. Particularly invited is the creative, thought-provoking paper of broad sociological interest. If reports are submitted, let the theoretical problem be clear, the assumptions recognized, the strategy of research discussed and, most important, let the meaning of the particular investigation for further thought and research be evident. But the hard and terse prose is not the only source for insight or stimulation. The short essay, the querulous statement, the searching comment, the informative book review, the considered rejoinder-these and other expressions of the inquisitive mind have their place. Even the report of a flagrant failure may be more enlightening than the confession of a confirmed hypothesis. The journal's envoi goes to imagination in the sociological discipline and discipline in the sociological imagination. Its motto is "from .the students to the students," for in the end, the creative students themselves will decide that the spirit of this journal shall live. The KANSAS JOURNAL OF SOCIO LOGY endeavors to further scholarly inquiry into social phenomena. The journal welcomes research reports, theoretical contributions, essays on issues of present concern to the discipline, and suggestions for improving current theory and methodology, from graduate students, as well as established scholars, in the social sciences. Manuscripts submitted should be double-spaced, less than thirty typed pages, footnotes and references appended, and accompanied by an abstract. Preparation of copy and reference format should follow that used in publications of the American Sociological Association. If published, the author receives ten free reprints. , .... .:......•...•...•.:....•... - [. ~ I NOTES ON OUR CONTRIBUTORS Gerald L. Denning, presently a Ph.D. candidate in linguistics at the University of Kansas, did his undergraduate work in Spanish pedagogy at the University of Kansas and subsequently received his Master's degree in Spanish language and literature from Wichita State University. During that time, he spent several summers studying Spanish in Mexico and one at an Institute in III inois. His academic interests include current linguistic theory and its appl ication to Spanish as well as to pedagogy in general, and sociolinguistics. In addition to teaching English as a foreign language at the Kansas University Intensive English Center, he is working on a social psychology project investigating linguistic cues that lead to changes of speakers in conversation. An article in progress involves preparation of a sociolinguistic questionnaire for studying Kansas Chicano Grammatical Constructions. J. L. Dillard received his doctorate in 1956 from the University of Texas. A noted linguistics teacher, researcher, and writer, he has held teaching positions at several universities, including Texas A & I; Universidad Central, Quito, Ecuador (Fulbright); Inter-American University, San German, Puerto Rico; University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico (and Institute of Caribbean Studies); Universite Officielle de Bujumbura, Burundi (Fulbright); University of Southern California; and Ferkauf Graduate School, Yeshiva University, New York City. His primary areas of scholarly interest are sociolinguistics and pidgin and creole languages. Publications include Black English: Its History and Usage in the United States (Random House, 1972); "On the Beginnings of Black English in the New World," (Orbis, 1973); "Creole English and Creole Portuguese: The Early Records," (Journal of African Languages, 1973). Books in preparation are Perspectives on Black English (Mouton, Sociolinguistics Series, galley proof stage) and A History of American English (Random House, in preparation). Glendon F. Drake holds a Ph.D. in American culture from the University of Michigan. He has done advanced study in socio- and psycholinguistics at Indiana University and Michigan State University. His scholarly interests are sociolinguistics and American culture. He has recently completed a book on American linguistic attitudes now being considered for publication. He has held teaching positions at Wayne State University (Linguistics), 1960-1966, and at San Diego State University (Linguistics, American Studies, English), 1966-present. Joshua A. Fishman received his Ph.D. in social psychology from Columbia University in 1953. Having taught and researched in almost all areas of the sociology of language, he considers "Ianguage maintenance and language shift" and "Ianguage and nationalism" his areas of special interest and concern. He has authored, co-authored or edited Language Loyalty in the United States (1966), Readings in the Sociology of Language (1968), Language Problems of Developing Nations (1968), Sociolinguistics (1970), Bilingualism in the Barrio (1971), Language and Nationalism (1972), The Sociology of Language (1972), Advances in the Sociology of Language (Vol. I, 1971; Vol. II, 1972), and Language in Sociocultural Change (1972). He has held positions as Director of Research for the College Entrance Examination Board (1955-1958), Associate Professor of Human Relations and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania (1958-1960), Professor of Psychology and Sociology, Yeshiva University (1960-1966), and University Research Professor of Social Sciences, Yeshiva University (1966-present). James W. Hartman is Associate Professor of English and Linguistics at the University of Kansas; his specialty is the English language, particularly social and regional variation. He received his B.A. from Ohio Univeristy, M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Michigan. He is Associate Editor of American Speech and of the Dictionary of American Regional English which is being compiled at the University of Wisconsin, F. G. Cassidy, Editor. He has worked previously at the University of Wisconsin and Ohio University. j Ii -j i Robert Hopper is presently Assistant Professor of Speech at the University of Texas at Austin. Having received the I doctorate in Communication