Language Detection Engine for Multilingual Texting on Mobile Devices
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When Latin Gets Sick: Mocking Medical Language in Macaronic Poetry
JAHR Vol. 4 No. 7 2013 Original scientific article Šime Demo* When Latin gets sick: mocking medical language in macaronic poetry ABSTRACT Macaronic poetry is a curious cultural phenomenon, having originated in classical antiquity and taken its standard form in the 15th century in northern Italy. Its basic feature is mixing of linguistic varieties for a humorous effect. In this paper, connections between macaronic poetry and the language of medicine have been observed at three levels. Firstly, starting with the idea of language as a living organism, in particular Latin (Renaissance language par excellence), its illness, from a humanist point of view, brought about by uncontrolled contamination with vernacular, serves as a stimulus for its parodying in macaronic poetry; this is carried out by sys- tematically joining together stable, "healthy", classical material with inconsistent, "contagious" elements of the vernacular. Secondly, a macaronic satire of quackery, Bartolotti’s Macharonea medicinalis, one of the earliest macaronic poems, is analysed. Finally, linguistic expressions of anatomical and pathological matter in macaronic poetry are presented in some detail, as in, for example, the provision of a disproportionately high degree of scatological and obscene content in macaronic texts, as well as a copious supply of lively metaphors concerning the body, and parodical references to medical language that abound. Furthermore, anatomical representations and descriptions of pathological and pseudo-pathological conditions and medical procedures are reviewed as useful as displays of cultural matrices that are mirrored in language. Linguistic mixing, be it intentional or inadvertent, exists wherever linguistically distinct groups come into contact.1 As a rule, linguistic varieties do not have the same social value because the groups that use them are socially different. -
Researcher 2015;7(8)
Researcher 2015;7(8) http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher “JANGLISH” IS CHEMMOZHI?...(“RAMANUJAM LANGUAGE”) M. Arulmani, B.E.; V.R. Hema Latha, M.A., M.Sc., M. Phil. M.Arulmani, B.E. V.R.Hema Latha, M.A., M.Sc., M.Phil. (Engineer) (Biologist) [email protected] [email protected] Abstract: Presently there are thousands of languages exist across the world. “ENGLISH” is considered as dominant language of International business and global communication through influence of global media. If so who is the “linguistics Ancestor” of “ENGLISH?”...This scientific research focus that “ANGLISH” (universal language) shall be considered as the Divine and universal language originated from single origin. ANGLISH shall also be considered as Ethical language of “Devas populations” (Angel race) who lived in MARS PLANET (also called by author as EZHEM) in the early universe say 5,00,000 years ago. Janglish shall be considered as the SOUL (mother nature) of ANGLISH. [M. Arulmani, B.E.; V.R. Hema Latha, M.A., M.Sc., M. Phil. “JANGLISH” IS CHEMMOZHI?...(“RAMANUJAM LANGUAGE”). Researcher 2015;7(8):32-37]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7 Keywords: ENGLISH; dominant language; international business; global communication; global media; linguistics Ancestor; ANGLISH” (universal language) Presently there are thousands of languages exist and universal language originated from single origin. across the world. “ENGLISH” is considered as ANGLISH shall also be considered as Ethical dominant language of International business and global language of “Devas populations” (Angel race) who communication through influence of global media. If lived in MARS PLANET (also called by author as so who is the “linguistics Ancestor” of EZHEM) in the early universe say 5,00,000 years ago. -
Can It Be That Our Dormant Language Has Been Wholly Revived?”: Vision, Propaganda, and Linguistic Reality in the Yishuv Under the British Mandate
Zohar Shavit “Can It Be That Our Dormant Language Has Been Wholly Revived?”: Vision, Propaganda, and Linguistic Reality in the Yishuv Under the British Mandate ABSTRACT “Hebraization” was a project of nation building—the building of a new Hebrew nation. Intended to forge a population comprising numerous lan- guages and cultural affinities into a unified Hebrew-speaking society that would actively participate in and contribute creatively to a new Hebrew- language culture, it became an integral and vital part of the Zionist narrative of the period. To what extent, however, did the ideal mesh with reality? The article grapples with the unreliability of official assessments of Hebrew’s dominance, and identifies and examines a broad variety of less politicized sources, such as various regulatory, personal, and commercial documents of the period as well as recently-conducted oral interviews. Together, these reveal a more complete—and more complex—portrait of the linguistic reality of the time. INTRODUCTION The project of making Hebrew the language of the Jewish community in Eretz-Israel was a heroic undertaking, and for a number of reasons. Similarly to other groups of immigrants, the Jewish immigrants (olim) who came to Eretz-Israel were required to substitute a new language for mother tongues in which they were already fluent. Unlike other groups Israel Studies 22.1 • doi 10.2979/israelstudies.22.1.05 101 102 • israel studies, volume 22 number 1 of immigrants, however, they were also required to function in a language not yet fully equipped to respond to all their needs for written, let alone spoken, communication in the modern world. -
Adjectives That Start with M: a List of 790+ Words with Examples
PDF Version In English, over 790 adjectives start with the letter M. Use these words in your speech and writing to express exactly what you see and feel and to boost your vocabulary! Table Of Contents: Adjectives That Start with MA (201 Words) Adjectives That Start with ME (162 Words) Adjectives That Start with MI (132 Words) Adjectives That Start with MO (183 Words) Adjectives That Start with MU (88 Words) Adjectives That Start with MY (24 Words) Other Lists of Adjectives Adjectives That Start with MA (201 Words) Shockingly repellent; inspiring horror The mood set by the music macabre appeals to many who enjoy the strange and macabre. Of or containing a mixture of latin words and vernacular words macaronic jumbled together How is a patois compared or contrasted to the concept of a macaronic language Of or relating to macedonia or its inhabitants Work on the macedonian macedonian standard language. macerative Accompanied by or characterized by maceration Of or relating to machiavelli or the principles of conduct he machiavellian recommended Coercive power is machiavellian in nature and is the opposite of reward power. machinelike Resembling the unthinking functioning of a machine Used of men; markedly masculine in appearance or manner macho Contrast the male characters with the often macho male leads of shonen comics. GrammarTOP.com macrencephalic Having a large brain case macrencephalous Having a large brain case Very large in scale or scope or capability Rather, it was addressing macro the macro issue. Of or relating to the theory or practice of macrobiotics Foods such macrobiotic as these are used in a macrobiotic way of eating. -
Hinglish) to Pure Languages (Hindi and English
Computer Science • 21(3) 2020 https://doi.org/10.7494/csci.2020.21.3.3624 Shree Harsh Attri T.V. Prasad G. Ramakrishna HiPHET: HYBRID APPROACH FOR TRANSLATING CODE-MIXED LANGUAGE (HINGLISH) TO PURE LANGUAGES (HINDI AND ENGLISH) Abstract Bilingual code-mixed (hybrid) languages have become very popular in India as a result of the spread of technology in the form of television, the Internet, and social media. Due to this increase in the use of code-mixed languages in day-to-day communication, the need for maintaining the integrity of the Indian languages has arisen. As a result of this, a tool named Hinglish to Pure Hindi and English Translator was developed. The tool is capable of translating in three ways; namely, Hinglish into pure Hindi and English, pure Hindi into pure English, and vice versa. The tool has achieved an accuracy of 91% in giving Hindi sentences and of 84% in giving English sentences as output when the input sentences were in Hinglish. The tool has also been compared with another similar tools. Keywords code-mixed language, pure language, Hinglish, hybrid language, machine translation, HiPHET, rule based MT Citation Computer Science 21(3) 2020: 371–391 Copyright © 2020 Author(s). This is an open access publication, which can be used, distributed and reproduced in any medium according to the Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 License. 371 372 Shree Harsh Attri, T.V. Prasad, G. Ramakrishna 1. Introduction In the era of machine translation (MT) and NLP, research on the translation of one monolingual language (MLL) into another and vice versa has become very prominent today. -
The Trafilm Conference: Multilingual Film & Audiovisual Translation
The Trafilm Conference: Multilingual Film & Audiovisual Translation Venue Espai UVic / Institut d’Estudis Nord-americans (6th and 7th Floor) Via Augusta, 123 08006 Barcelona A remarkable number of films and television shows display more than one language (Inglourious Basterds, Jane the Virgin, The Lord of the Rings, Game of Thrones…); they include different languages or a language with significant internal variation. The translation of such written and audiovisual texts poses important theoretical and practical challenges, since language variation can manifest itself in different forms and fulfil various functions, which might be stylistic, pragmatic or discursive. These texts are often referred to as multilingual, polylingual, plurilingual or even heterolingual. The TRAFILM project aims to describe the reality of the translation of multilingual audiovisual texts. We aim to discover professional and social practices along with the norms and criteria of this specific translation challenge. We also hope to validate and refine existing theoretical models on audiovisual translation and multilingualism by describing and analysing a rich collection of data. The TraFilm Conference is conceived of as a meeting point for exchanges, research experiences and proposals for an increasingly important topic within Translation Studies. PROGRAMME The Trafilm Conference: Multilingual Film & Audiovisual Translation Day 1: 30th November 2017 8:30-9:00 Registration 9:00-9:15 Welcome 9:15-10:15 Keynote 1: Marta Mateo (University of Oviedo) “Issues, factors -
A Borderland of Borders: the Search for a Literary Language in Carpathian Rus'
5 A Borderland of Borders: The Search for a Literary Language in Carpathian Rus’ Paul Robert Magocsi Carpathian Rus’ is a borderland of borders. Through or along its periphery cross geographic, ethnolinguistic, religious, political, and socio-climatic boundaries, each of which individually or in combination has had a profound impact on the life of all the region’s inhabitants (see Map 5.1). The focus of this study is the numerically dominant people living in the region, Carpatho-Rusyns, and how the various borders have had an impact on the efforts of the group’s lead- ers (intelligentsia) to find – or create – an appropriate medium to function as the group’s literary language. What is Carpathian Rus’? Since Carpathian Rus’ is not, and has never been, an independent state or even an administrative entity, one will be hard pressed to find Carpathian Rus’ on maps of Europe. In that sense it is like many other European lands – Lapland, Kashubia, Euskal Herria/Basque Land, Occitanie, Ladinia, to name a few – that is, a territorial entity defined by the ethnolinguistic characteristics of the majority of its inhabitants and not necessarily by political or administrative borders. Using the intellectual buzz-words of our day, Carpathian Rus’ may be considered a classic ‘construct’. Some sceptics would even say it is an ‘imagined community’ or, at best, a construct or project still in the making. 1 What we have in mind, however, is something quite concrete; namely, a geographically contiguous territory, which at the outset of the twentieth century (when census data was still relatively reliable) included nearly 1,100 villages and some small towns in which at least 50 per cent of the inhabitants were Carpatho-Rusyns.2 Of the two component parts of the territory’s name, Carpathian refers to the mountains and foothills that cover much of the land surface; Rus’ refers to the ethnicity and traditional Eastern Christian religious orientation of the territory’s majority East Slavic population, whose historic ethnonym is Rusnak or Rusyn. -
Language Attitudes, Code Mixing and Social Variables: Evidence from Bilingual Speakers of Hyderabad
30 Language Attitudes, Code Mixing and Social Variables: Evidence from bilingual speakers of Hyderabad Hemanga Dutta The English and Foreign Languages University P.Rajeswari The English and Foreign Languages University Abstract This paper deals with the attitudes of the educated Telugu and English bilinguals of Hyderabad towards their mother tongue Telugu, global lingua franca English and the code mixed variety emerged out of the usage of the languages, popularly known as ‘Tenglish’ with reference to sixty one informants. A method of questionnaire incorporating the demographic profile of the informants and their usage of language has been adopted to find out a correlation between social variables such as age, gender, medium of instruction Texas Linguistics Forum 58: 30-39 Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Symposium about Language and Society-Austin April 17-18, 2015 @ Dutta 2015 31 at primary and secondary level, the informants’ language preference, language usage and attitudes towards these two languages under consideration. The statistical package used for this study is R console. Individual t- tests are conducted to obtain the probability values (p- values). In addition, Optimality theoretic constraints (Prince and Smolensky 1993) are adopted to discuss the data related to sound change across generations. Key words: Tenglish, Attitude, Optimality theory 1. Introduction: ‘Attitudes’, in the study of language, play a significant role in giving due recognition to a particular language. Baker (1992) claims that the status and significance of a language in society and within an individual instigates largely from adopted or learnt attitudes. So attitudes are crucial in language growth or decay, restoration or destruction. -
Student's Book М
Student's Book М. 3. Биболетова, Е. Е. Бабушис, Н. Д. Снежко Английский язык Ёэ rasiQSglro J I Учебник для 1 1 класса общеобразовательных учреждений Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Российской Федерации к использованию в образовательном процессе в образовательных учреждениях, реализующих образовательные программы общего образования и имеющих государственную аккредитацию 2-е издание, исправленное ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО |< т и т У | т 1 т и L PUBLISHERS 201 1 ББК 81.2Англ-922 Б59 УДК 802.0(075.3) The authors would like to thank the designers Natalia Valayeva and Ekaterina Valayeva for their creative artwork and design which really bring the book to life. Our deepest gratitude to Anna Kutz whose editing work helped make the English language in the textbook sound natural and transparent. Special thanks to Duncan Prowse for consultancy advice and coordinating the recording of the audio materials, and for assistance in publishing arrangements. Л УМК "Английский с удовольствием" / "Enjoy English" (11 класс) состоит из следующих компонентов: • учебника • книги для учителя • рабочей тетради № 1 • рабочей тетради № 2 "Контрольные работы" • аудиоприложения (CD МРЗ) • электронного приложения По вопросам приобретения УМК "Enjoy English" (11 класс) следует обращаться в издательство "Титул": тел.: (48439) 9-10-09, факс: (48439) 9-10-00, e-mail: [email protected] (книга почтой), [email protected] (оптовые покупатели). J Биболетова М. 3., Бабушис Е. Е., Снежко Н. Д. Б59 Английский язык: Английский с удовольствием / Enjoy English: Учебник для 11 кл. общеобраз. учрежд.— 2-е изд, испр.— Обнинск: Титул, 2011.— 200 е.: ил. ISBN 978-5-86866-530-1 Учебник "Английский с удовольствием" (11 класс) предназначен для старших классов (базовый уровень) общеобразовательных учреждений РФ, в которых обу- чение английскому языку начинается со второго класса. -
Maintaining the Heritage Language and Identity: the Case of the New Diaspora Telugus in London
ANGLIA RUSKIN UNIVERSITY MAINTAINING THE HERITAGE LANGUAGE AND IDENTITY: THE CASE OF THE NEW DIASPORA TELUGUS IN LONDON ARUN YADLA A thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Anglia Ruskin University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Submitted: October 2016 Acknowledgements This study and thesis have become reality with the kind support and help of many individuals, directly or indirectly. First and foremost, I express my gratitude to my supervisors, Dr. Sebastian Rasinger and Dr. Bettina Beinhoff. Your guidance, patience, invaluable input, timely feedback and constructive criticism helped me in my journey. Thank you for the kind words and encouragement when my chips were down. I would like to thank Mr. Rama Naidu Gāru for connecting me to the Telugu network and also for introducing me to key participants. Without your support, building a sample base would have been impossible. Many thanks for the invaluable support I received from Christine, Richard and Vernon from Cambridge, and Moushmi, Deepak, Dhruv, Dia, Aryaman, Anamika, Nana and Nani from London. I am very grateful for the love and kindness you have shown towards me. A special acknowledgement for the respondents and participants from the Telugu community for giving your time generously to accommodate me in your busy schedules. Thanks also for enduring my interview questions and discussions. I must also acknowledge the contribution of my students and module leaders for their positive and constructive feedback, which motivated me to give my best. I cannot forget to acknowledge my research room friends, who made my journey a memorable one with friendly banter, endless snacks, exchange of stories and ideas. -
Kurdish Studies
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Nation, Kingship, and Language The Ambiguous Politics of Ehmedê Khânî’s Mem û Zîn Leezenberg, M. DOI 10.33182/ks.v7i1.487 Publication date 2019 Document Version Final published version Published in Kurdish Studies Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Leezenberg, M. (2019). Nation, Kingship, and Language: The Ambiguous Politics of Ehmedê Khânî’s Mem û Zîn. Kurdish Studies, 7(1), 31-50. https://doi.org/10.33182/ks.v7i1.487 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:28 Sep 2021 May 2019 Volume: 7, No: 1, pp. 31 – 50 ISSN: 2051-4883 e-ISSN: 2051-4891 www.KurdishStudies.net Article History: First Submitted: 30 January 2019, Accepted: 11 April 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33182/ks.v7i1.487 Nation, kingship, and language: The ambiguous politics of Ehmedê Xanî’s Mem û Zîn Michiel Leezenberg Abstract In this article, I argue that discussions of whether any Kurdish nationalism may be found in Xanî’s Mem û Zîn proceed from rather anachronistic assumptions. -
30 Multilingual Writers and Metalinguistic Awareness: Can We
Multilingual Writers and 30 Metalinguistic Awareness: Can We Use Manuscripts as a Basis for a Typology of Creative Scriptural Practices? Olga Anokhina Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France In my paper, I shall try to understand the impact multilin- gualism of has oin a writer’s literary production. I will show that, to understand this phenomenon, the writers’ manuscripts constitute a privileged way because they keep track of the un- derlying processes of the written production. I’ll review several strategies of used by multilingual writers (functional separa- tion, code switching, simultaneous writing in two languages and self translation) observable in their working documents. The observation of multilingual writers’ manuscripts revealed the interest and the relevance of the notion of metalinguistic awareness. Metalinguistic awareness can be defined as skill in reflecting about the language which becomes the object of our thought. I shall show that metalinguistic awareness is a very useful notion for the theorization of multilingualism’s impact on literary creativity. I shall also insist on the fact that this emergent field (studies of multilingual writers’ manuscripts) enriches considerably research in textual genetics and should have a place in research on writing more generally. Depuis une dizaine d’année, la communauté internationale a entrepris plusieurs initiatives pour la promotion du pluri- linguisme et de la diversité culturelle. La prise de conscience des enjeux du plurilinguisme révélés par ces actions a amené les chercheurs à s’y intéresser de plus près, notamment dans le domaine de la neurolinguistique. Depuis les années 2000, a émergé tout un champ d’étude sur le cerveau des sujets pluri- lingues.