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When Latin Gets Sick: Mocking Medical Language in Macaronic Poetry
JAHR Vol. 4 No. 7 2013 Original scientific article Šime Demo* When Latin gets sick: mocking medical language in macaronic poetry ABSTRACT Macaronic poetry is a curious cultural phenomenon, having originated in classical antiquity and taken its standard form in the 15th century in northern Italy. Its basic feature is mixing of linguistic varieties for a humorous effect. In this paper, connections between macaronic poetry and the language of medicine have been observed at three levels. Firstly, starting with the idea of language as a living organism, in particular Latin (Renaissance language par excellence), its illness, from a humanist point of view, brought about by uncontrolled contamination with vernacular, serves as a stimulus for its parodying in macaronic poetry; this is carried out by sys- tematically joining together stable, "healthy", classical material with inconsistent, "contagious" elements of the vernacular. Secondly, a macaronic satire of quackery, Bartolotti’s Macharonea medicinalis, one of the earliest macaronic poems, is analysed. Finally, linguistic expressions of anatomical and pathological matter in macaronic poetry are presented in some detail, as in, for example, the provision of a disproportionately high degree of scatological and obscene content in macaronic texts, as well as a copious supply of lively metaphors concerning the body, and parodical references to medical language that abound. Furthermore, anatomical representations and descriptions of pathological and pseudo-pathological conditions and medical procedures are reviewed as useful as displays of cultural matrices that are mirrored in language. Linguistic mixing, be it intentional or inadvertent, exists wherever linguistically distinct groups come into contact.1 As a rule, linguistic varieties do not have the same social value because the groups that use them are socially different. -
Phonetics and Phonology in Russian Unstressed Vowel Reduction: a Study in Hyperarticulation
Phonetics and Phonology in Russian Unstressed Vowel Reduction: A Study in Hyperarticulation Jonathan Barnes Boston University (Short title: Hyperarticulating Russian Unstressed Vowels) Jonathan Barnes Department of Modern Foreign Languages and Literatures Boston University 621 Commonwealth Avenue, Room 119 Boston, MA 02215 Tel: (617) 353-6222 Fax: (617) 353-4641 [email protected] Abstract: Unstressed vowel reduction figures centrally in recent literature on the phonetics-phonology interface, in part owing to the possibility of a causal relationship between a phonetic process, duration-dependent undershoot, and the phonological neutralizations observed in systems of unstressed vocalism. Of particular interest in this light has been Russian, traditionally described as exhibiting two distinct phonological reduction patterns, differing both in degree and distribution. This study uses hyperarticulation to investigate the relationship between phonetic duration and reduction in Russian, concluding that these two reduction patterns differ not in degree, but in the level of representation at which they apply. These results are shown to have important consequences not just for theories of vowel reduction, but for other problems in the phonetics-phonology interface as well, incomplete neutralization in particular. Introduction Unstressed vowel reduction has been a subject of intense interest in recent debate concerning the nature of the phonetics-phonology interface. This is the case at least in part due to the existence of two seemingly analogous processes bearing this name, one typically called phonetic, and the other phonological. Phonological unstressed vowel reduction is a phenomenon whereby a given language's full vowel inventory can be realized only in lexically stressed syllables, while in unstressed syllables some number of neutralizations of contrast take place, with the result that only a subset of the inventory is realized on the surface. -
Researcher 2015;7(8)
Researcher 2015;7(8) http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher “JANGLISH” IS CHEMMOZHI?...(“RAMANUJAM LANGUAGE”) M. Arulmani, B.E.; V.R. Hema Latha, M.A., M.Sc., M. Phil. M.Arulmani, B.E. V.R.Hema Latha, M.A., M.Sc., M.Phil. (Engineer) (Biologist) [email protected] [email protected] Abstract: Presently there are thousands of languages exist across the world. “ENGLISH” is considered as dominant language of International business and global communication through influence of global media. If so who is the “linguistics Ancestor” of “ENGLISH?”...This scientific research focus that “ANGLISH” (universal language) shall be considered as the Divine and universal language originated from single origin. ANGLISH shall also be considered as Ethical language of “Devas populations” (Angel race) who lived in MARS PLANET (also called by author as EZHEM) in the early universe say 5,00,000 years ago. Janglish shall be considered as the SOUL (mother nature) of ANGLISH. [M. Arulmani, B.E.; V.R. Hema Latha, M.A., M.Sc., M. Phil. “JANGLISH” IS CHEMMOZHI?...(“RAMANUJAM LANGUAGE”). Researcher 2015;7(8):32-37]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7 Keywords: ENGLISH; dominant language; international business; global communication; global media; linguistics Ancestor; ANGLISH” (universal language) Presently there are thousands of languages exist and universal language originated from single origin. across the world. “ENGLISH” is considered as ANGLISH shall also be considered as Ethical dominant language of International business and global language of “Devas populations” (Angel race) who communication through influence of global media. If lived in MARS PLANET (also called by author as so who is the “linguistics Ancestor” of EZHEM) in the early universe say 5,00,000 years ago. -
(JWEEP) Hybridity in Nepalese English
Journal of World Englishes and Educational Practices (JWEEP) ISSN: 2707-7586 DOI: 10.32996/jweep Website: https://al-kindipublisher.com/index.php/jweep/index Hybridity in Nepalese English Shankar Dewan1* and Chandra Kumar Laksamba, PhD2 1Lecturer, Department of English, Sukuna Multiple Campus, Sundarharaincha, Morang, Nepal 2Adjunct Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences and Education, Nepal Open University, Manbhawan, Lalitpur, Nepal Corresponding Author: Shankar Dewan, E-mail: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received: December 3, 2020 With its unprecedented spread globally, English has been diversified, nativized, and Accepted: December 11, 2020 hybridized in different countries. In Nepal, English is code-mixed or hybridized as a Volume: 2 result of its contact with the local languages, the bilinguals’ creativity, and the Issue: 6 nativization by Nepalese English speakers. This qualitative content analysis paper DOI: 0.32996/jweep.2020.2.6.2 attempts to describe hybridity in Nepalese English by bringing the linguistic examples from two anthologies of stories, two novels, five essays and two articles written in KEYWORDS English by Nepalese writers, one news story published in the English newspaper, advertisements/banners, and diary entries, which were sampled purposively. The Nepalese English, language present study showed that hybridity is found in affixation, reduplication, contact, hybridity, bilinguals’ compounding, blending, neologisms, and calques. Pedagogically, speakers of creativity, nativization Nepalese English can -
Directions Active Employees (At 31.12
Publishing details At a glance Sales and net income for the year in € m Level of internationality Visitors: 47.9 % Exhibitors: 73.4 % 500 50 400 40 Editors-in-chief Print production 300 30 Dominique Ewert Messe Frankfurt Medien Klaus Münster-Müller und Service GmbH 200 20 Publishing Services Annual Report 2014 100 10 Editors 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Markus Quint (production editor) Print l from Germany attending Messe Frankfurt events at the Frankfurt venue l Sales l Net income for the year l from outside Germany attending Messe Frankfurt events at the Frankfurt venue Antje Breuer-Seifi Druckhaus Becker GmbH Claudia Lehning-Berge Dieselstraße 9 2014 The Messe Frankfurt corporate group conceives, plans and hosts trade fairs and exhibitions in Germany and abroad. Sarah Stanzel 64372 Ober-Ramstadt Messe Frankfurt The parent company and its subsidiaries offer a well-coordinated service package for national and international Gabriele Wehrl Germany Annual Report customers, exhibitors and visitors. Responsibility for content in accordance Paper Corporate group 2 with the German press laws Cover: Hello Fat Matt 1.1 350 g/m in € m* 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Iris Jeglitza-Moshage Inside pages: Arctic the Volume 150 g/m2 Sales 448 467 537 545 554 Photographs Print run Personnel expenses 102 106 120 123 131 Pietro Sutera Photography (p. 3) 3,000 in two editions Depreciation, amortisation and write-downs 59 59 61 56 52 Rüdiger Nehmzow (p. 6–11, 36–39) (German and English) Earnings before taxes on income 42 34 36 49 47 Iwan Baan (p. 19) EBITDA 109 99 102 108 102 BRCK (p. -
Can It Be That Our Dormant Language Has Been Wholly Revived?”: Vision, Propaganda, and Linguistic Reality in the Yishuv Under the British Mandate
Zohar Shavit “Can It Be That Our Dormant Language Has Been Wholly Revived?”: Vision, Propaganda, and Linguistic Reality in the Yishuv Under the British Mandate ABSTRACT “Hebraization” was a project of nation building—the building of a new Hebrew nation. Intended to forge a population comprising numerous lan- guages and cultural affinities into a unified Hebrew-speaking society that would actively participate in and contribute creatively to a new Hebrew- language culture, it became an integral and vital part of the Zionist narrative of the period. To what extent, however, did the ideal mesh with reality? The article grapples with the unreliability of official assessments of Hebrew’s dominance, and identifies and examines a broad variety of less politicized sources, such as various regulatory, personal, and commercial documents of the period as well as recently-conducted oral interviews. Together, these reveal a more complete—and more complex—portrait of the linguistic reality of the time. INTRODUCTION The project of making Hebrew the language of the Jewish community in Eretz-Israel was a heroic undertaking, and for a number of reasons. Similarly to other groups of immigrants, the Jewish immigrants (olim) who came to Eretz-Israel were required to substitute a new language for mother tongues in which they were already fluent. Unlike other groups Israel Studies 22.1 • doi 10.2979/israelstudies.22.1.05 101 102 • israel studies, volume 22 number 1 of immigrants, however, they were also required to function in a language not yet fully equipped to respond to all their needs for written, let alone spoken, communication in the modern world. -
Does the Nordic Region Speak with a FORKED Tongue?
Does the Nordic Region Speak with a FORKED Tongue? The Queen of Denmark, the Government Minister and others give their views on the Nordic language community KARIN ARVIDSSON Does the Nordic Region Speak with a FORKED Tongue? The Queen of Denmark, the Government Minister and others give their views on the Nordic language community NORD: 2012:008 ISBN: 978-92-893-2404-5 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/Nord2012-008 Author: Karin Arvidsson Editor: Jesper Schou-Knudsen Research and editing: Arvidsson Kultur & Kommunikation AB Translation: Leslie Walke (Translation of Bodil Aurstad’s article by Anne-Margaret Bressendorff) Photography: Johannes Jansson (Photo of Fredrik Lindström by Magnus Fröderberg) Design: Mar Mar Co. Print: Scanprint A/S, Viby Edition of 1000 Printed in Denmark Nordic Council Nordic Council of Ministers Ved Stranden 18 Ved Stranden 18 DK-1061 Copenhagen K DK-1061 Copenhagen K Phone (+45) 3396 0200 Phone (+45) 3396 0400 www.norden.org The Nordic Co-operation Nordic co-operation is one of the world’s most extensive forms of regional collaboration, involving Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Åland. Nordic co-operation has firm traditions in politics, the economy, and culture. It plays an important role in European and international collaboration, and aims at creating a strong Nordic community in a strong Europe. Nordic co-operation seeks to safeguard Nordic and regional interests and principles in the global community. Common Nordic values help the region solidify its position as one of the world’s most innovative and competitive. Does the Nordic Region Speak with a FORKED Tongue? The Queen of Denmark, the Government Minister and others give their views on the Nordic language community KARIN ARVIDSSON Preface Languages in the Nordic Region 13 Fredrik Lindström Language researcher, comedian and and presenter on Swedish television. -
Adjectives That Start with M: a List of 790+ Words with Examples
PDF Version In English, over 790 adjectives start with the letter M. Use these words in your speech and writing to express exactly what you see and feel and to boost your vocabulary! Table Of Contents: Adjectives That Start with MA (201 Words) Adjectives That Start with ME (162 Words) Adjectives That Start with MI (132 Words) Adjectives That Start with MO (183 Words) Adjectives That Start with MU (88 Words) Adjectives That Start with MY (24 Words) Other Lists of Adjectives Adjectives That Start with MA (201 Words) Shockingly repellent; inspiring horror The mood set by the music macabre appeals to many who enjoy the strange and macabre. Of or containing a mixture of latin words and vernacular words macaronic jumbled together How is a patois compared or contrasted to the concept of a macaronic language Of or relating to macedonia or its inhabitants Work on the macedonian macedonian standard language. macerative Accompanied by or characterized by maceration Of or relating to machiavelli or the principles of conduct he machiavellian recommended Coercive power is machiavellian in nature and is the opposite of reward power. machinelike Resembling the unthinking functioning of a machine Used of men; markedly masculine in appearance or manner macho Contrast the male characters with the often macho male leads of shonen comics. GrammarTOP.com macrencephalic Having a large brain case macrencephalous Having a large brain case Very large in scale or scope or capability Rather, it was addressing macro the macro issue. Of or relating to the theory or practice of macrobiotics Foods such macrobiotic as these are used in a macrobiotic way of eating. -
Seize the Ъ: Linguistic and Social Change in Russian Orthographic Reform Eugenia Sokolskaya
Seize the Ъ: Linguistic and Social Change in Russian Orthographic Reform Eugenia Sokolskaya It would be convenient for linguists and language students if the written form of any language were a neutral and direct representation of the sounds emitted during speech. Instead, writing systems tend to lag behind linguistic change, retaining old spellings or morphological features instead of faithfully representing a language's phonetics. For better or worse, sometimes the writing can even cause a feedback loop, causing speakers to hypercorrect in imitation of an archaic spelling. The written and spoken forms of a language exist in a complex and fluid relationship, influenced to a large extent by history, accident, misconception, and even politics.1 While in many language communities these two forms – if writing exists – are allowed to develop and influence each other in relative freedom, with some informal commentary, in some cases a willful political leader or group may step in to attempt to intentionally reform the writing system. Such reforms are a risky venture, liable to anger proponents of historic accuracy and adherence to tradition, as well as to render most if not all of the population temporarily illiterate. With such high stakes, it is no wonder that orthographic reforms are not often attempted in the course of a language's history. The Russian language has undergone two sharply defined orthographic reforms, formulated as official government policy. The first, which we will from here on call the Petrine reform, was initiated in 1710 by Peter the Great. It defined a print alphabet for secular use, distancing the writing from the Church with its South Slavic lithurgical language. -
Anna Enarsson New Blends in the English Language Engelska C
Estetisk-filosofiska fakulteten Anna Enarsson New Blends in the English Language Engelska C-uppsats Termin: Höstterminen 2006 Handledare: Michael Wherrity Karlstads universitet 651 88 Karlstad Tfn 054-700 10 00 Fax 054-700 14 60 [email protected] www.kau.se Titel: New Blends in the English Language Författare: Anna Enarsson Antal sidor: 29 Abstract: The aim of this essay was to identify new blends that have entered the English language. Firstly six different word-formation processes, including blending, was described. Those were compounding, clipping, backformation, acronyming, derivation and blending. The investigation was done by using a list of blends from Wikipedia. The words were looked up in the Longman dictionary of 2005 and in a dictionary online. A google search and a corpus investigation were also conducted. The investigation suggested that most of the blends were made by clipping and the second most common form was clipping and overlapping. Blends with only overlapping was unusual and accounted for only three percent. The investigation also suggested that the most common way to create blends by clipping was to use the first part of the first word and the last part of the second word. The blends were not only investigated according to their structure but also according to the domains they occur in. This part of the investigation suggested that the blends were most frequent in the technical domain, but also in the domain of society. Table of contents 1. Introduction and aims..........................................................................................................1 -
The Trafilm Conference: Multilingual Film & Audiovisual Translation
The Trafilm Conference: Multilingual Film & Audiovisual Translation Venue Espai UVic / Institut d’Estudis Nord-americans (6th and 7th Floor) Via Augusta, 123 08006 Barcelona A remarkable number of films and television shows display more than one language (Inglourious Basterds, Jane the Virgin, The Lord of the Rings, Game of Thrones…); they include different languages or a language with significant internal variation. The translation of such written and audiovisual texts poses important theoretical and practical challenges, since language variation can manifest itself in different forms and fulfil various functions, which might be stylistic, pragmatic or discursive. These texts are often referred to as multilingual, polylingual, plurilingual or even heterolingual. The TRAFILM project aims to describe the reality of the translation of multilingual audiovisual texts. We aim to discover professional and social practices along with the norms and criteria of this specific translation challenge. We also hope to validate and refine existing theoretical models on audiovisual translation and multilingualism by describing and analysing a rich collection of data. The TraFilm Conference is conceived of as a meeting point for exchanges, research experiences and proposals for an increasingly important topic within Translation Studies. PROGRAMME The Trafilm Conference: Multilingual Film & Audiovisual Translation Day 1: 30th November 2017 8:30-9:00 Registration 9:00-9:15 Welcome 9:15-10:15 Keynote 1: Marta Mateo (University of Oviedo) “Issues, factors -
Zive Naj Vsi Narodi K I Hrepene Docakat Dan D E Koder Sonce Hodi P Repir I Z Sveta Bo Pregnan D E Rojak P Rost Bo Vsak N E Vrag
12. letno srečanje Združenja za slovansko jezikoslovje Povzetki prispevkov 12th Slavic Linguistics Society Annual Meeting Book of Abstracts XII ежегодная конференция Общества славянского языкознания Тезисы докладов Ljubljana, 21.–24. 9. 2017 v / / Zive naj vsi narodi / / / K i hrepene docakatv dan , / / / D e koder sonce hodi , / / P repir/ iz sveta bo/ pregnan , / D e rojak / P rost bo vsak , / / / N e vrag, le sosed bo mejak. 12. letno srečanje Združenja za slovansko jezikoslovje: Povzetki prispevkov 12th Slavic Linguistics Society Annual Meeting: Book of Abstracts XII ежегодная конференция Общества славянского языкознания: Тезисы докладов ISBN: 978-961-05-0027-8 Urednika / Editors / Редакторы: Luka Repanšek, Matej Šekli Recenzenti / Peer-reviewers / Рецензенты: Aleksandra Derganc, Marko Hladnik, Gašper Ilc, Zenaida Karavdić, Simona Kranjc, Domen Krvina, Nina Ledinek, Frančiška Lipovšek, Franc Marušič, Tatjana Marvin, Petra Mišmaš, Matic Pavlič, Анастасия Ильинична Плотникова / Anastasiia Plotnikova, Luka Repanšek, Михаил Николаевич Саенко / Mikhail Saenko, Дмитрий Владимирович Сичинава / Dmitri Sitchinava, Vera Smole, Mojca Smolej, Marko Snoj, Petra Stankovska, Andrej Stopar, Saška Štumberger, Hotimir Tivadar, Mitja Trojar, Mladen Uhlik, Mojca Žagar Karer, Rok Žaucer, Andreja Žele, Sašo Živanović Vodja konference / Conference leadership / Руководитель конференции: Matej Šekli Organizacijski odbor konference / Conference board / Оргкомитет конференции: Branka Kalenić Ramšak, Domen Krvina, Alenka Lap, Oto Luthar, Tatjana Marvin, Mojca