Traite De Documentation Documentation Release
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Traite de Documentation Documentation Release Paul Otlet April 13, 2015 Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Transcribing the Traité..........................................1 1.2 Sphinx and reStructuredText.......................................2 2 TRAITÉ DE DOCUMENTATION5 2.1 PRÉSENTATION............................................6 2.2 0 Fundamenta..............................................8 2.3 1 La Bibliologie ou Documentologie.................................. 11 2.4 2 Le Livre et le Document........................................ 51 2.5 3 Les Livres et les Documents...................................... 474 2.6 4 Organisation rationnelle des Livres et des Documents......................... 485 2.7 5 Synthèse Bibliographique....................................... 552 2.8 Annexe : DOCUMENTS......................................... 570 2.9 INDEX ALPHABÉTIQUE....................................... 572 2.10 TABLE SYSTEMATIQUE DES MATIÈRES.............................. 581 3 Indices and tables 603 i ii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Transcribing the Traité Help to transcribe Otlet’s “Traité” from PDF to a digital full-text edition. No easily readable edition of his works is currently accessible online. While more and more books and articles are published about the “visionary of the digital age”, the original sources remain accessible only to those who are willing to download or browse a 200 MB PDF-file and understand French. The first goal is to produce a digital edition of the “Traité de Documentation” in HTML and EPUB format. The tool of choice is the Sphinx documentation generator. It uses reStructuredText files as input. The current version of the reST version can be found at https://github.com/PaulOtlet/traite . The rendered version is at http://traite.czam.de. To contribute to this effort just get a copy of the PDF of University of Ghent, open a text editor and start correcting the mistakes of the OCR run according to the rules layed out below. 1.1.1 About Paul Otlet http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Otlet 1.1.2 About the Traité • Wikipedia.org: Traité de Documentation • Archive.org: https://archive.org/details/OtletTraitDocumentationUgent • OpenLibrary.org: https://openlibrary.org/works/OL1112871W/Traite%CC%81_de_documentation • Gent University – http://search.ugent.be/meercat/x/view/rug01/000990276 – http://lib.ugent.be/fulltxt/handle/1854/5612/ – http://lib.ugent.be/catalog/rug01:000990276 – http://buck.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/000/990/276/BIB-038A006_2006_0001_AC.pdf • https://www.google.co.in/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Paul+Otlet%22 https://archive.org/stream/OtletTraitDocumentationUgent/OtletTraitDocumentationUgent_djvu.txt compared against FineReader 12 on 2014-04-05, FineReader was remarkably better. Seems that the text version on Archive.org was updated in the meantime. 1 Traite de Documentation Documentation, Release Link to / show individual pages: https://archive.org/stream/OtletTraitDocumentationUgent#page/n24/mode/1up is page 22. but 179/180 are doubled 1.1.3 Crowd sourcing for proofreading and translation • http://wikisource.org • http://traduwiki.org/ • https://www.transifex.com/ • http://crowdin.net/pricing • https://poeditor.com/ • http://www.hasecke.eu/Members/juh/sphinx-a-tool-for-self-publisher • https://www.discovermeteor.com/blog/community-translations-with-github-middleman-codeship-heroku/ • http://annotatedbooksonline.com Translation: • https://translate.google.com/ • http://translation.babylon.com/french/to-english/ 1.2 Sphinx and reStructuredText The digital versions of the Traité are generated automatically by the Sphinx documentation generator. Source files are written in reStructuredText format. An overview of the reST syntax can be found at http://sphinx-doc.org/rest.html. In the source files the headings need to be marked up in a specific way. We follow the convention which is used for the Python programming language. • # with overline, for parts and languages TdD • – with overline, for chapters 1-5 • =, for sections two-digit 11 • -, for subsections three-digit 111 • ^, for subsubsections 111.1 • ”, for paragraphs 111.11 • ., for 111.111 • To compile: make html • To open the result – Linux: xdg-open _build/html/index.html – Windows: start _buildhtmlindex.html – Mac: ? To use the Sphinx theme of ReadTheDocs locally just install it by: 2 Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION Traite de Documentation Documentation, Release pip install sphinx_rtd_theme To avoid auto-enumerated lists when a paragraph starts with a number, the number needs to be escaped by a backslash \1. bla bla ... 1.2.1 Page layout Pages should be structured like this: ==== *<pg-nr>*CHAPTER TITLE<section-nr> (can be mirrored, depending on even/odd page) ... texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext Before and after the chapter and section titles, insert a unicode "wide space", copy-paste from "", or U+3000 Line breaks should be placed as in the original text, including hyphenation. For more details on hyphenation, see below... Paragraphs are separated by a blank line. ... texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext ... After the first column (and optional footnotes) put at least one blank line and then a horizontal bar ("----"): ---- next column texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext text texttext texttext texttext texttext texttext ==== <section-nr>CHAPTER TITLE *<pg-nr>* next page text ... text ... In detail: • Pages are separated by horizontal rules “====” surrounded by two empty lines above and one blank line below the rule. • After a single blank line, page numbers, section/chapter titles and section numbers should be placed just as in the PDF, pages in italics (surrounded by * asterisks.) • The two columns on each page are separated by “—-” surrounded by two single blank lines. • Header markup should be one symbol longer than the header text • Unicode characters should be used wherever possible, but should be documented somewhere • The original text, layout and typesetting should be represented as close as possible within the limits of the reStructuredText format. • Hyphenation: What is a good solution to somehow mark a hyphenation from the book in the reST format without it showing up in the compiled html? Leaving hyphenation in the reST would destroy full-text search. But single dashes (-) at the end of the line are easy to remove with a script. Soft-hyphens can be used to replace the 1.2. Sphinx and reStructuredText 3 Traite de Documentation Documentation, Release hyphenation so that it doesn’t show up in the browser. An open question is how this will affect the epub output of Sphinx. • If the PDF resolution is not good enough to discriminate symbols accurately, just place three bold question marks ??? (surround them with two asterisks **???**) in this position. 1.2.2 Special characters see also: http://character-code.com/french-html-codes.php « .. » left and right angle quotes Horizontal rule (use above footnotes) – EN Dash — EM Dash see also: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dash The source files are encoded in unicode format (UTF-8 without BOM). To check the encoding on Windows, use the excellent http://notepad-plus-plus.org editor. To input specific letters or symbols: Ubuntu12: Shift+AltGr + ^ + e = ê https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%92 U+0152 OEvre Œ, Kleinbuchstabe œ U+0153 Multiplication sign: × (Unicode 215) https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ComposeKey Unicode composition: Another means to enter characters is to enter them as Unicode character number. Press Shift+Ctrl+U, release U, enter the hexadecimal (0123456789abcdef) Unicode character code point, then release Shift+Ctrl. An underlined u followed by the number will be displayed as you type. Alternatively, press (and release) Shift+Ctrl+U, then, while underlined u is displayed, enter the hexadecimal Unicode character code point followed by <Return>. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_input Windows: http://superuser.com/questions/47420/insert-unicode-characters-via-the-keyboard 4 Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 2 TRAITÉ DE DOCUMENTATION TRAITÉ DE DOCUMENTATION LE LIVRE SUR LE LIVRE THÉORIE ET PRATIQUE PAR 5 Traite de Documentation Documentation, Release PAUL OTLET Les Livres et les Documents. — La Lecture, la Consultation et la Documentation. — Rédaction, Multiplication, Description, Classement, Conservation, Utilisation des documents. — Edition et Librairie; Bibliographie, Biblio- thèque, Encyclopédie, Archives, Muséographie documentaire, Documentation administrative. — Organismes, organ- isation, coopération. — Office et Institut International de Bibliographie et de Documentation. — Réseau Universel d’information et de Documentation. [002 (02)] EDITIONES MUNDANEUM PALAIS MONDIAL BRUXELLES 1934 Qui scite ubi scientia habend est proximus OTLET, Paul. 002 (02) 1934 Traité de Documentation. — Le Livre sur le Livre. — Théorie et Pratique, 1 vol. (21 1/2 X 16 1/2), p., deux colonnes, Bruxelles, Editiones Mundaneum, Palais Mondial, Imp. Van Keerberghen & fils). 0 Fundamenta. - 1 Sciences bibliologiques. — 2 Le Livre et le Document en soi.— 3 Les Livres et les Documents : Unités et Ensembles considérés au point de vue de la Bibliologie comparée. — 4 Organisation rationnelle des Livres et des Documents. 5 Synthèse bibliologique. Notice bibliographique. Commencé d’imprimer 1932.00 Achevé d’imprimer 1934.04 Tous droits réservés. Imprimé par D. Van Keerberghen & fils Bruxelles 2 8 2.1 PRÉSENTATION O le travail des ans. O le travail des heures. Ce qui ne fut d’abord que songe et que rumeur Dans