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and . l • -. Y EthnIcGroups .2 ETHNICITIESIN RUSSIA I. SlavicPeoples • Russians ‘I Ukrainians Belorussians I Ep TurkicPeoples Tatars,Bashkirs,Kazakhs,Kirgiz tS “ • gOP • nion t Turkmen,Azerbaidzhani Mag a LIth Ia er Nents,I OtherTurkicpeoples Belo 4.Out1’ CaucasianPeoples Russians A I ( 44’ yokUt Georgians,Chechens,Ingush, oscow. ?!; 5 ‘I,’ peoplesofDagestan A Russia s oil ... uriS •,,,, lie Paleo-SiberianPeoples •Sve. Chukchi,Koryaks,Nivkhi 4. •: ekj 01O, = Eskimos V Ll V.’ 10 . “d Kets -I IC X X0m5 r hita Uninhabitedorsparselysettled -4 m Dagestan OtherIndo-EuropeanPeoples V.) adivostak X .. ;.ruvjnans Lithuanians,Latvians,Armenians, A Moldavians,Tadzhiks,Ossetians Aze1’ - K X Germans Turkmen A Jews Uzbes. OtherUralicandAltaicPeoples 1 Taa. Estonians,Karelians,Man,Komi, 4. Mordvins,Udmurts,Mansi,Khanty, Nentsy,Buryats,Kalmyks,Evenki, Eveny,Nganasany RUSSIA:NOWTHELARGESTMULTINATIONALcreated country of Russia.Afterignoring the STATE declaration of independence for 3 years,Russian Karl Marx wrote that nationalism was a means leaders sent in the army to regain control of for the dominant social classes to maintain Chechnya. power over workers, and he believed that Russia fought hard to prevent Chechnya from workers would identify with other working-class gaining independence because it feared that people instead of with an ethnicity Ethnicity other ethnicities would followsuit. Chechnya was thought to have been left behind as an was also important to Russiabecause the insignificant relic, such as wearing quaint region contained deposits of petroleum. Russia costumes to amuse tourists. But with the viewedpolitical stability in the area as essential breakup of communism and the collapse of the for promoting economic development and SovietUnion, ethnic identity once again ha investment by foreign petroleum companies.4.t become more important than nationality. CHECHNYANWOMAN Russia identifies 21 national republics that PREPAREDTOFIGHTFOR are supposed to be the homes of the largest INDEPENDENCE IN 1995 ethnicities, but the government recognizes in some way at least 170ethnicities.Overall, 20 percent of the country’spopulation is non Russian.Tatars, Ukrainians, Bashkirs, Chuvashs, Chechens, and Armenians are the fivelargest ethnicities,with at 1 million each. Particularly troublesome for the Russians are the Chechens, a group of Sunni Muslims ho speak a Caucasian language and practice distinctive social customs. Chechnya was brought under Russian control in the nineteenth century only after a 50-yearfight.When the SovietUnion broke up, the Chechensdeclared dependence and refused to join the newly
157
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