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CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program End of Stage 1 Report: Chapter 4

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CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program End of Stage 1 Report: Chapter 4 4. HABITATS 4.1. Tidal Perennial Aquatic Habitat Introduction Tidal perennial aquatic habitat consists of the estuary’s edge waters, mudflats and other transitional areas between open-water habitats and wetlands. Similar habitats are defined by the San Francisco Bay Area Wetlands Ecosystem Goals Project (1999) as elements of tidal baylands which include mudflats, sandflats, and shellflats. Tidal perennial aquatic habitat is important for many fish, wildlife, and plants. It also supports many biological functions important to the Bay-Delta system. Many animal and plant species, identified as threatened or endangered under the California and federal Endangered Species Acts (ESAs), rely on tidal perennial aquatic habitat during some portion of their life cycle. These shallow waters are also associated with natural wetland and riparian habitats that are important to fish and wildlife of the Bay-Delta. Applicable ERP Vision The vision is to increase the area and improve the quality of connecting waters associated with tidal emergent wetlands and their supporting ecosystem processes to assist in the recovery of special-status fish and plant populations and provide high- quality aquatic habitat for other fish, wildlife, and plant communities dependent on the Bay-Delta. Stage 1 Expectations Stage 1 expectations were to develop a classification system for Delta, Suisun Bay, Suisun Marsh, and San Francisco Bay habitats that can be used as a basis for conservation actions. Specific, numeric objectives were to be formulated for each habitat type, with restoration objectives based on clearly stated conceptual models. Conservation and restoration activities would be prioritized within and among habitat types. Work would begin on those projects given highest priority within a year of adoption of the strategic plan. Changes Attributable to ERP Liberty Island Acquisition (ERP-97-B03 and ERP-00-F06) acquired 5,209 acres. Various habitats, including tidal perennial aquatic habitat, have been passively restored on Liberty Island since the acquisition. Although the acreage restored on Liberty Island Ecosystem Restoration Program End of Stage 1 Report 4.1-1 CALFED Bay-Delta Program has not been formally documented, it is likely that it far exceeds the 1,000 acres called for in Stage 1. Liberty Island more than likely meets the North Delta Ecological Management Unit target to restore 1,500 acres of shallow-water habitat (tidal perennial aquatic habitat). In the Central and West EMU of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta EMZ, a permanent conservation easement was placed on 140 acres of shallow water tidal perennial aquatic habitat on the Fern-Headreach Tidal Perennial Aquatic and Shaded River Aquatic Conservation Project (ERP-98-F16) in the Delta. In the Suisun Marsh Property Acquisition and Habitat Restoration (ERP-01-C04) project, 67 acres of diked baylands were restored to tidal exchange. How much of that is tidal perennial aquatic has yet to be documented. At Shell Marsh along the Contra Costa shore of Southern Suisun Bay, another project is restoring a 200 acre parcel to various habitat types, including tidal perennial aquatic. The project titled Biological Restoration and Monitoring in the Suisun Marsh/North San Francisco Bay Ecological Zone (ERP-98-F22) also monitored the restoration enhancement effects for 2 years after implementation. Early monitoring data documented that increases in abundance of wildlife occurred in the restored and replanted sections of the marsh. Increased productivity also provided benefits to native fish. As noted above, not all projects tracked the amount of tidal perennial aquatic habitat created or restored, nor did ERP track work done by other organizations in concert with the implementing agencies. Conservation entities, including the Sonoma Land Trust, are actively implementing acquisition, preservation and restoration strategies in the Suisun Marsh EMU. Project Summary Table Table 1. Tidal Perennial Aquatic Project Summary ERP Total Project Project Name and Description End Date Project Status Funding Number Liberty Island Acquisition Acquired fee title interest in the remaining two privately-owned properties on Liberty Island, ERP-00-F06 estimated at 449 acres; and to conduct restoration 9/30/2007 $2,625,153 Complete. of tidal shallow water habitat, tidal emergent wetlands, and seasonal wetlands for aquatic and terrestrial species. Ecosystem Restoration Program End of Stage 1 Report 4.1-2 CALFED Bay-Delta Program Table 1. Tidal Perennial Aquatic Project Summary ERP Total Project Project Name and Description End Date Project Status Funding Number McCormack-Williamson Tract Restoration Planning, Design and Monitoring Completed restoration Performed baseline studies necessary for project planning and baseline ERP-00-F07 12/31/2007 $355,000 planning and design, and developed a long-term studies for 1,512 acres monitoring program for the 1,600 acre McCormack- of agricultural land. Williamson Tract Delta island. Determining the Biological, Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Ballast Water Arriving in San Francisco Bay Analyzed the data on ballast biota arriving in the San ERP-00-F10 Francisco Bay Estuary to assess the risk of exotic 3/31/2007 $583,739 Complete. introductions, determine treatment standards, and provide baseline data to assess management or treatment efforts and conduct critical comparative analyses between estuaries. Invasive Spartina Project Complete. Mapped This project was an expanded effort to plan and ecological risks and implement control measures for Spartina alterniflora, priority control sites and ERP-01-C01 10/31/2006 $1,793,661 contributed to the overall scientific understanding of distribution of invasive the species, and built a bay-wide infrastructure to Spartina species detect and prevent its future invasions. throughout the Bay. Suisun Marsh Property Acquisition & Habitat Restoration Acquired property in the Suisun Marsh, along Hill Complete. Acquired Slough, currently managed as seasonal wetland and Blacklock parcel (69 ERP-01-C04 restore the area to a fully functioning self-sustaining 6/30/2006 $536,750 acres) and restored full tidal wetland ecosystem which includes low-marsh, tidal action and natural high-marsh, and upland transition zones, increasing hydrology. the area and contiguity of saline emergent wetlands thereby assisting in the recovery of at-risk species. Feasibility Study of the Ecosystem and Water Quality Benefits Associated with the Restoration of Franks Tract, Big Break, and Lower Sherman Lake Feasibility study which evaluated the potential to ERP-01-C05 6/30/2005 $1,218,105 Complete. create ecosystem, water quality/supply, recreational, and other benefits at Lower Sherman Lake, Big Break, and Franks Tract, by modifying remnant levees to inhibit salt trapping and restoring tidal marsh habitat. Hill Slough West Habitat Restoration Demonstration Project, Phase II Completed the environmental documentation and ERP-01-C09 11/30/2006 $87,000 Complete. permitting for a multi-phased project to restore tidal action to seasonal and permanent wetlands in the Suisun Marsh. Ecosystem Restoration Program End of Stage 1 Report 4.1-3 CALFED Bay-Delta Program Table 1. Tidal Perennial Aquatic Project Summary ERP Total Project Project Name and Description End Date Project Status Funding Number Complete. Installed various biotechnical methods to control Phase II: Demonstration Project for the erosion and attenuate Protection and Enhancement of Delta In- wave energy adjacent Channel Islands (Construction & Monitoring) to 3 eroding ICI'S (in- ERP-01-N13 Pilot project which demonstrated biotechnical 9/30/2006 $1,145,400 channel islands) in the methods which can be used in lieu of riprap or other Delta. 2,159 linear feet hard surfaces to protect valuable tidal wetlands of shoreline was associated with in-channel islands in the Delta. treated, protecting a total of 6.24 acres of ICI habitat. Complete. Documented physical and biological changes in order to Ecological Monitoring of Tolay & Cullinan contribute to an Ranch Tidal Wetlands Restoration understanding of the ERP-01-N19 Monitored the Tolay Creek (ERP-97-N19) and 6/30/2006 $593,931 processes behind Tidal Cullinan Ranch (ERP-97-N18) Tidal Wetland Wetland Restoration, Restoration Projects in the North San Francisco Bay. and facilitate an adaptive management strategy. Complete. Estimated Dutch Slough Tidal Marsh Restoration Project restoration of up to 381 (Phase I) ERP-02-C07-D 12/31/2006 $23,550,000 acres of shallow water Acquired the three contiguous parcels totaling 1,166 (Tidal perennial aquatic acres that comprise the Dutch Slough site habitat). Ongoing acquisition of conservation easements Restoring Ecosystem Integrity in the on 1,100 acres of Northwest Delta: Phase II existing riparian, This project proposes to acquire conservation wetland and/or ERP-02D-P54 8/31/2008 $1,781,658 easements within the Cache Slough complex, along agricultural lands. the Barker, Lindsey and Calhoun Sloughs, north Currently in the process Delta tidal channels located west of the Yolo Bypass. of acquiring an agricultural easement on 292 acres. Arundo Eradication and Coordination, Phase Ongoing eradication on II 5 new sites: Gray Lodge Phase II of the Arundo donax eradication and Wildlife Area, Lindo coordination project. Funding for ongoing monitoring ERP-02D-P68 3/15/2009 $2,033,859 Creek, Lower American and followup treatments for 5 Phase I projects, and River, San Joaquin adds 5 new partners. Aims to remove approximately River, and Upper Cache
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