Tehran Summit
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Information As of August 1, 2016 Has Been Used in Preparation of This Directory
Information as of August 1, 2016 has been used in preparation of this directory. PREFACE The Central Intelligence Agency publishes and updates the online directory of Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments weekly. The directory is intended to be used primarily as a reference aid and includes as many governments of the world as is considered practical, some of them not officially recognized by the United States. Regimes with which the United States has no diplomatic exchanges are indicated by the initials NDE. Governments are listed in alphabetical order according to the most commonly used version of each country's name. The spelling of the personal names in this directory follows transliteration systems generally agreed upon by US Government agencies, except in the cases in which officials have stated a preference for alternate spellings of their names. NOTE: Although the head of the central bank is listed for each country, in most cases he or she is not a Cabinet member. Ambassadors to the United States and Permanent Representatives to the UN, New York, have also been included. Key To Abbreviations Adm. Admiral Admin. Administrative, Administration Asst. Assistant Brig. Brigadier Capt. Captain Cdr. Commander Cdte. Comandante Chmn. Chairman, Chairwoman Col. Colonel Ctte. Committee Del. Delegate Dep. Deputy Dept. Department Dir. Director Div. Division Dr. Doctor Eng. Engineer Fd. Mar. Field Marshal Fed. Federal Gen. General Govt. Government Intl. International Lt. Lieutenant Maj. Major Mar. Marshal Mbr. Member Min. Minister, Ministry NDE No Diplomatic Exchange Org. Organization Pres. President Prof. Professor RAdm. Rear Admiral Ret. Retired Sec. Secretary VAdm. -
Rouhani Meter Second Year Report
ROUHANI AFTER TWO YEARS PERFORMANCE REPORT TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION 1 FOREIGN POLICY PROMISES 3 The Nuclear File Regional challenges Visa Restrictions ECONOMIC PROMISES 8 Legacy of the previous government Economic sanctions and structural challenges Decrease of inflation Economic growth, improving business environment and increasing employment Privatization Strengthening of national currency Oil and gas production Establishment of social housing Improving wages Critics of the government’s economic record SOCIAL & CULTURAL POLICY PROMISES 15 Universal health coverage Re-launch of the National Orchestra and Tehran’s Symphonic Orchestra Improving of the status of teachers The removal of filters on social media Linguistic rights for minorities in Iran Freedom of expression Promotion of gender rights and elimination of gender inequality DOMESTIC POLITICS Release of political prisoners 21 Reopening the Bureau of Political Parties Elimination of discrimination against ethnic and religious minorities Return of Iranian expatriates to Iran Elimination of gender discrimination Charter of Civil Rights Management Saving Lake Urmia Barriers to fulfilling domestic political promises ROUHANI AFTER TWO YEARS: PERFORMANCE REPORT 1 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION FOREIGN POLICY PROMISES ECONOMIC PROMISES This report provides Iranians and the international community with a detailed SOCIAL & CULTURALPOLICY PROMISES record of the campaign promises of Iran’s president, Hassan Rouhani, and DOMESTIC POLITICS his administration’s efforts to achieve those promises. It offers an in-depth analysis of the administration’s accomplishments and failures by fact-checking for tangible results. This report is divided into four categories: foreign policy, economic policy, social and cultural policy, and domestic policy, covering the major policy areas in which Rouhani promised to prioritize his work as president. -
La Elección De Hassan Rouhani En 2013 Y El Desarrollo De La Política Interna
El Colegio de México Centro de Estudios de Asia y África FACCIONALISMO POLÍTICO EN IRÁN: LA ELECCIÓN DE HASSAN ROUHANI EN 2013 Y EL DESARROLLO DE LA POLÍTICA INTERNA Tesis presentada por DOLORES PATRICIA MARÍN DÍAZ para optar al grado de MAESTRÍA EN ESTUDIOS DE ASIA Y ÁFRICA ESPECIALIDAD: MEDIO ORIENTE DIRECTOR: DR. LUIS MESA DELMONTE Ciudad de México, 2017 Agradecimientos En primer lugar, quisiera agradecer a mi familia, a mis padres Catalina y Patricio, que me han apoyado en cada una de las decisiones que he tomado en la vida, sin que el hecho de estudiar una maestría en la Ciudad de México fuera una excepción. Gracias por su apoyo incondicional y por las incontables muestras de cariño a lo largo de este proceso y de todos los que tuvieron que ocurrir antes para poder llegar hasta aquí. Gracias también a Guille y Diana, que son elementos primordiales de esta familia y que me han apoyado en todo momento. Al profesor Luis Mesa, no sólo por haber dirigido este trabajo de investigación, sino por el interés y esfuerzo que puso como asesor y como maestro y por la pasión contagiosa con la que impregna cada una de sus clases. A él, toda mi admiración y cariño. A los profesores del CEAA, que contribuyeron a mi formación compartiendo sus conocimientos, especialmente al profesor Khalid Chami, quien nos mostró la diversidad de facetas del (los) mundo(s) árabe(s) a las que uno puede tener acceso a través de la lengua; y cuyas enseñanzas trascienden el salón de clases. A mis lectores, la profesora Marcela Álvarez y el profesor Moisés Garduño, por haberse tomado el tiempo para leer y comentar la investigación, y por haber compartido sus conocimientos a lo largo de este camino. -
Zarif Holds Talks with Aoun Some Countries in Regard to Humanitarian Issues
‘Iranian refugees in Total inks major gas Infantino offers German experts restore 21516Australia not in 5 deal in Iran condolences after artworks at Tehran suitable condition’ Pourheydari passing museum WWW.TEHRANTIMES.COM I N T E R N A T I O N A L D A I L Y VelayatiVe ururgesg EuEurope to wowork for pepeace in MMideasti 2 16 Pages Price 10,000 Rials 38th year No.12693 Wednesday NOVEMBER 9, 2016 Aban 19, 1395 Safar 9, 1438 Citizenship Rights Charter awaiting thumbs-up: ZZarifarif holdsholds ttalksalks wwithith AAounoun presidential advisor EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW POLITICS TEHRAN — Iranian The visit came days after Aoun desk By Maryam Qarehgozlou&Ali Kushki Foreign Minister was elected president. The post had Mohammad Javad Zarif who made a remained vacant for 29 months due Iran says it has finished a draft of the long-waited-for high-profile visit to Beirut starting on to rivalry between powerbrokers in Citizenship Rights Charter after it underwent a thorough Monday held talks with the newly-elected Lebanon. revision, now awaiting for an approval by the Majlis (Iran’s Lebanese President Michel Aoun as well Immediately after his arrival in Beirut, parliament), government, or cabinet. as the prime minister, parliament Speaker, Foreign Minister Zarif held talks with “An initial draft of the Citizenship Rights Charter was and Hezbollah chief. President Aoun. 2 drawn up just months after President Rouhani took office and made available to the public in November 2013,” Elham Aminzadeh, the presidential advisor on citizenship rights, told the Tehran Times on Monday. Aminzadeh said it took until now to come up with the first and second versions of the charter after having listened to public and expert opinions of a pool of resources. -
Petroleum: an Engine for Global Development
OPEC th International Seminar Petroleum: An Engine for Global Development 3–4 June 2015 Hofburg Palace Vienna, Austria www.opec.org Reasons to be cheerful It was over quite quickly. In fact, the 165th Meeting whilst global oil demand was expected to rise from of the OPEC Conference finished two hours ahead of 90m b/d to 91.1m b/d over the same period. In ad- Commentary schedule. Even the customary press conference, held dition, petroleum stock levels, in terms of days of for- immediately after the Meeting at the Organization’s ward demand cover, remained comfortable. “These Secretariat in Vienna, Austria on June 11 and usually numbers make it clear that the oil market is stable and a busy affair, was most probably completed in record balanced, with adequate supply meeting the steady time. But this brevity of discourse spelled good news growth in demand,” OPEC Conference President, Omar — for OPEC and, in fact, all petroleum industry stake- Ali ElShakmak, Libya’s Acting Oil and Gas Minister, holders. As the much-heralded saying goes — ‘don’t be said in his opening address to the Conference. tempted to tamper with a smooth-running engine’. And Of course, there are still downside risks to the glob- that is exactly what OPEC’s Oil and Energy Ministers al economy, both in the OECD and non-OECD regions, did during their customary mid-year Meeting. They de- and there is continuing concern over some production cided to leave the Organization’s 30 million barrels/ limitations, but with non-OPEC supply growth of 1.4m day oil production ceiling in place and unchanged for b/d forecast over the next year, in general, things are the remainder of 2014. -
Iran Country of Origin Information (COI) Report COI Service
Iran Country of Origin Information (COI) Report COI Service 26 September 2013 Iran September 2013 Contents Preface Background Information 1. Geography ............................................................................................................ 1.01 Maps ...................................................................................................................... 1.05 Iran ..................................................................................................................... 1.05 Tehran ................................................................................................................ 1.06 Calendar ................................................................................................................ 1.07 Public holidays ................................................................................................... 1.08 Weekend ............................................................................................................ 1.09 2. Economy ............................................................................................................... 2.01 Exchange rates ..................................................................................................... 2.10 3. History ................................................................................................................... 3.01 Pre 1979: Rule of the Shah .................................................................................. 3.01 From 1979 to 1999: Islamic Revolution to first -
Guía De Negocios Irán Agosto 2015
Guía de negocios Irán Agosto 2015 Este documento ha sido realizado por Alberto Moreno y Daniel Panizo de la Oficina Económica y Comercial de la Embajada de España en Teherán GUÍA DE NEGOCIOS - IRÁN ÍNDICE 1. PANORAMA GENERAL 5 1.1. SITUACIÓN, SUPERFICIE Y CLIMA. 5 1.2. DEMOGRAFÍA Y SOCIEDAD. POBLACIÓN, ETNIAS, DENSIDAD DEMOGRÁFICA Y TASA DE CRECIMIENTO 6 1.3. POBLACIÓN ACTIVA 7 1.4. ORGANIZACIÓN POLÍTICO-ADMINISTRATIVA 7 1.5. RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES Y REGIONALES 11 2. MARCO ECONÓMICO 18 2.1. ESTRUCTURA Y EVOLUCIÓN RECIENTE DE LA ECONOMÍA 18 2.2. EL SECTOR EXTERIOR 19 2.3. RELACIONES BILATERALES 21 3. ESTABLECERSE EN EL PAÍS. 23 3.1. EL MERCADO. 23 3.2. LA DISTRIBUCIÓN COMERCIAL. 23 3.3. CONTRATACIÓN PÚBLICA. 26 3.4. IMPORTANCIA ECONÓMICA Y COMERCIAL DEL PAÍS EN LA REGIÓN. 29 3.5. PERSPECTIVAS DE DESARROLLO ECONÓMICO. 29 3.6. OPORTUNIDADES DE NEGOCIO. 29 3.7. PRINCIPALES FERIAS COMERCIALES. 31 4. LEGISLACIÓN COMERCIAL 33 4.1. RÉGIMEN DE COMERCIO EXTERIOR. 33 4.2. ARANCELES Y OTROS PAGOS EN FRONTERAS 35 4.3. BARRERAS NO ARANCELARIAS 38 4.4. HOMOLOGACIÓN Y CERTIFICACIÓN DE PRODUCTOS Y ETIQUETADO 38 5. INVERSIÓN EXTRANJERA 40 5.1. MARCO LEGAL 40 222 Oficina Económica y Comercial de la Embajada de España en Teherán GUÍA DE NEGOCIOS - IRÁN 5.2. INCENTIVOS A LA INVERSIÓN 40 5.3. PROPIEDAD INMOBILIARIA 40 5.4. TIPOS DE SOCIEDADES Y FORMAS DE IMPLANTACIÓN 41 5.5. PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL 43 6. SISTEMA FISCAL 46 6.1. MARCO LEGAL 46 6.2. PRINCIPALES IMPUESTOS 48 6.3. -
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Atlantic Council US-Iran Reconciliation Under President Rouhani? Welcome and Moderator: Barbara Slavin Senior Fellow, South Asia Center Atlantic Council Speakers: Haleh Esfandiari, Director, Middle East Program, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Robert Einhorn, Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution Kenneth Katzman, Specialist, Middle East Affairs, Congressional Research Service Location: 1030 15th Street, NW, 12th Floor, Washington, D.C. Time: 9:30 a.m. EDT Date: Thursday, September 12, 2013 Transcript by Federal News Service Washington, D.C. HALEH ESFANDIARI: A friend who likes Rouhani asked me the other day: "Did you see how stylish our new president is?" Stylish? I hadn't heard this adjective used for Iran's new President, Hassan Rouhani, before. "How come?" I asked "Oh!" my friend said, "he wears a long, dark purple shirt under his cloak." I checked on the web and indeed she was right. Mr. Rouhani is most elegantly dressed. This exchange reminded me another one I had – on that occasion with a talkative taxi driver, in a cab I was riding in Tehran, very soon after Ahmadinejad was elected President eight years ago. The cab driver told me: "Our new president needs a good tailor. His clothes are hanging on his frame. His jacket is too wide, the sleeves are too long, the cuffs of his trousers drag on the floor." He went on and on about the president’s poor taste in clothes. "He doesn't look presidential," he said. "He is an embarrassment to Iran." Little did my interlocutor know that the former President's ill-fitting suits would be the least of the calamities he would visit on Iran. -
Information As of 30 November 2013 Has Been Used in Preparation of This Directory
Information as of 30 November 2013 has been used in preparation of this directory. PREFACE The Central Intelligence Agency publishes and updates the online directory of Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments weekly. The directory is intended to be used primarily as a reference aid and includes as many governments of the world as is considered practical, some of them not officially recognized by the United States. Regimes with which the United States has no diplomatic exchanges are indicated by the initials NDE. Governments are listed in alphabetical order according to the most commonly used version of each country's name. The spelling of the personal names in this directory follows transliteration systems generally agreed upon by US Government agencies, except in the cases in which officials have stated a preference for alternate spellings of their names. NOTE: Although the head of the central bank is listed for each country, in most cases he or she is not a Cabinet member. Ambassadors to the United States and Permanent Representatives to the UN, New York, have also been included. Page 2 of 211 Key to Abbreviations Adm. Admiral Admin. Administrative, Administration Asst. Assistant Brig. Brigadier Capt. Captain Cdr. Commander Cdte. Comandante Chmn. Chairman, Chairwoman Col. Colonel Ctte. Committee Del. Delegate Dep. Deputy Dept. Department Dir. Director Div. Division Dr. Doctor Eng. Engineer Fd. Mar. Field Marshal Fed. Federal Gen. General Govt. Government Intl. International Lt. Lieutenant Maj. Major Mar. Marshal Mbr. Member Min. Minister, Ministry NDE No Diplomatic Exchange Org. Organization Pres. President Prof. Professor RAdm. Rear Admiral Ret. -
Information As of 4 January 2016 Has Been Used in Preparation of This Directory
Information as of 4 January 2016 has been used in preparation of this directory. PREFACE The Central Intelligence Agency publishes and updates the online directory of Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments weekly. The directory is intended to be used primarily as a reference aid and includes as many governments of the world as is considered practical, some of them not officially recognized by the United States. Regimes with which the United States has no diplomatic exchanges are indicated by the initials NDE. Governments are listed in alphabetical order according to the most commonly used version of each country's name. The spelling of the personal names in this directory follows transliteration systems generally agreed upon by US Government agencies, except in the cases in which officials have stated a preference for alternate spellings of their names. NOTE: Although the head of the central bank is listed for each country, in most cases he or she is not a Cabinet member. Ambassadors to the United States and Permanent Representatives to the UN, New York, have also been included. Key To Abbreviations Adm. Admiral Admin. Administrative, Administration Asst. Assistant Brig. Brigadier Capt. Captain Cdr. Commander Cdte. Comandante Chmn. Chairman, Chairwoman Col. Colonel Ctte. Committee Del. Delegate Dep. Deputy Dept. Department Dir. Director Div. Division Dr. Doctor Eng. Engineer Fd. Mar. Field Marshal Fed. Federal Gen. General Govt. Government Intl. International Lt. Lieutenant Maj. Major Mar. Marshal Mbr. Member Min. Minister, Ministry NDE No Diplomatic Exchange Org. Organization Pres. President Prof. Professor RAdm. Rear Admiral Ret. Retired Sec. Secretary VAdm. -
Information As of 1 April 2014 Has Been Used in Preparation of This Directory. PREFACE
Information as of 1 April 2014 has been used in preparation of this directory. PREFACE The Central Intelligence Agency publishes and updates the online directory of Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments weekly. The directory is intended to be used primarily as a reference aid and includes as many governments of the world as is considered practical, some of them not officially recognized by the United States. Regimes with which the United States has no diplomatic exchanges are indicated by the initials NDE. Governments are listed in alphabetical order according to the most commonly used version of each country's name. The spelling of the personal names in this directory follows transliteration systems generally agreed upon by US Government agencies, except in the cases in which officials have stated a preference for alternate spellings of their names. NOTE: Although the head of the central bank is listed for each country, in most cases he or she is not a Cabinet member. Ambassadors to the United States and Permanent Representatives to the UN, New York, have also been included. Page 2 of 211 Key to Abbreviations Adm. Admiral Admin. Administrative, Administration Asst. Assistant Brig. Brigadier Capt. Captain Cdr. Commander Cdte. Comandante Chmn. Chairman, Chairwoman Col. Colonel Ctte. Committee Del. Delegate Dep. Deputy Dept. Department Dir. Director Div. Division Dr. Doctor Eng. Engineer Fd. Mar. Field Marshal Fed. Federal Gen. General Govt. Government Intl. International Lt. Lieutenant Maj. Major Mar. Marshal Mbr. Member Min. Minister, Ministry NDE No Diplomatic Exchange Org. Organization Pres. President Prof. Professor RAdm. Rear Admiral Ret. -
2016 Country Review
Iran 2016 Country Review http://www.countrywatch.com Table of Contents Chapter 1 1 Country Overview 1 Country Overview 2 Key Data 4 Iran 5 Middle East 6 Chapter 2 8 Political Overview 8 History 9 Political Conditions 13 Political Risk Index 235 Political Stability 250 Freedom Rankings 265 Human Rights 277 Government Functions 280 Government Structure 282 Principal Government Officials 292 Leader Biography 294 Leader Biography 294 Foreign Relations 298 National Security 446 Defense Forces 448 Chapter 3 450 Economic Overview 450 Economic Overview 451 Nominal GDP and Components 454 Population and GDP Per Capita 456 Real GDP and Inflation 457 Government Spending and Taxation 458 Money Supply, Interest Rates and Unemployment 460 Foreign Trade and the Exchange Rate 461 Data in US Dollars 462 Energy Consumption and Production Standard Units 463 Energy Consumption and Production QUADS 465 World Energy Price Summary 466 CO2 Emissions 467 Agriculture Consumption and Production 468 World Agriculture Pricing Summary 471 Metals Consumption and Production 472 World Metals Pricing Summary 475 Economic Performance Index 476 Chapter 4 488 Investment Overview 488 Foreign Investment Climate 489 Foreign Investment Index 492 Corruption Perceptions Index 505 Competitiveness Ranking 517 Taxation 526 Stock Market 526 Partner Links 527 Chapter 5 528 Social Overview 528 People 529 Human Development Index 530 Life Satisfaction Index 534 Happy Planet Index 545 Status of Women 554 Global Gender Gap Index 557 Culture and Arts 566 Etiquette 568 Travel Information 570 Diseases/Health Data 580 Chapter 6 586 Environmental Overview 586 Environmental Issues 587 Environmental Policy 588 Greenhouse Gas Ranking 589 Global Environmental Snapshot 600 Global Environmental Concepts 611 International Environmental Agreements and Associations 625 Appendices 649 Bibliography 650 Iran Chapter 1 Country Overview Iran Review 2016 Page 1 of 662 pages Iran Country Overview IRAN Known as Persia until 1935, Iran was one of the greatest empires of the ancient world.