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HABAND 265 N. 9th Street, Paterson, NJ 07530 The Magazine for a Strong America Vol.133, No. 2 ARTICLES August 1992 VA NIXES HEALTH-CARE PLAN

Derwinski opposes apilotprogram to treat Medicare-eligible veterans. 12

THE AGENT ORANGE LEGACY

Birth defects caused by dioxin may bepassed on t 16

IN THE DEFENSE OF THE NATION

HowAmerica defends its future is 19

THE PRICE OF PEACE

The U. S. military must downsize. How much, is the debate ofthe decade. By William Matthews 20

THE VIEW FROM THE MILITIA Citizen-soldiers are the best and least expensive

way to defend the nation. By Robert F. EnsslinJr. 22

THE VIEW FROM THE PENTAGON

An exclusive interview withAdm. DavidE. Jeremiah, vice chairman oftheJoint Chiefs ofStaff. 2A

THE VIEW FROM THE FIELD Downsizing means those in uniform maygofromfront lines to unemployment lines. ByJim Michaels 26

VETERANS VOTER'S GUIDE

This special section reviews the major issuesfacingAmerica's veterans this election. 30 PRISON ROOT CAMPS 24 A "tough" way to reform today's criminals. By Frank Bentayou 37 D E P A R M NTS

Should Congress Make Deep Cuts In the Military Budget?

VETVOICE 4 YOUR AMERICAN LEGION 14 VETS 44 =f==t= COMMANDER'S MESSAGE 6 VETERANS UPDATE 40 PARTING SHOTS 64

WASHINGTON WATCH 10 LEGION NEWS 42

COVER Ma,j. Ralph Coyle introduces a prisoner to the Marine boot-camp atmosphere ofCamp REAMS, Ohio. It's one of several controversial prisons that use basic training discipline. See page 37. Photo by Mike Williams/Picture Group.

The American Legion magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is published monthly by The American Legion for its 3.1 million members. These military-service veterans, working through more than 15,000 community-level posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and tradi- tional American values; strong national security; adequate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service; and the wholesome development of our nation's youths.

AUGUST 1992 1 .

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The FOR GOD AND COUNTRY

700 N. Pennsylvania St. P.O. Box 1055 Indianapolis, IN 46206 Non-Surgical 317-635-8411 National Commander Dominic D. DiFrancesco

Publisher/Editor-in-Chief Solution Daniel S.Wheeler Editor John Greenwald Managing Editor For Impotence Miles Z. Epstein Associate Editor Raymond H. Mahon Simple, effective and safe, And no treatment has proven to be Assistant Editors ErecAid System® can put safer in over 15 years of use. T. Douglas Donaldson impotence in your past with- ErecAid System is medically Ken Scharnberg Art Director out the risk and expense of surgery approved and available with a Simon Smith or drugs. An excellent first step, prescription for under S400. When Art Assistant ErecAid System may be the only medically necessary, ErecAid Caron M. Morales step you will ever have to take. System is approved for reimburse- Production Manager ment by some Medicare and com- William L. Poff A SIMPLE NATURAL-LIKE mercial insurance carriers. Administration METHOD, EFFECTIVE AND Kathy Ferrer, Joan L. Berzins information call SAFE ErecAid System mimics the For more our Toil-Free Information Line Advertising Director natural process more closely than Donald B. Thomson 1-800-438-8592 -U.S. any other technique and can end Advertising Assistants 1-800-356-4676 - Canada the worry of impotence. Thou- Diane Andretti, Robyn Black sands of users have found the Osbon Medical Systems The American Legion Magazine P.O. Box 7068 P.O. Drawer 1478, Dept. 20 Osbon Technique of vacuum ther- Indianapolis. IN 46207 apy greater than 90% effective. Augusta, GA 30903 317-635-8411 Publisher's Representatives Fox Associates, Inc. Chicago: 312-644-3888 New York: 212-725-2106 Los Angeles: 213-487-5630 ErecAid System Detroit, Ml: 313-543-0068 Atlanta: 404-252-0968 by Osbon : 415-989-5804 The American Legion Magazine Commission Milford A. Forrester, Chairman, Greenville, SC; George G. Sinopoli, Vice Chairman, Fresno, CA; James R. The leading choicefor impotence management Kelley, National Commander's Representative, Wayne, PA; James D. Baker, Tulsa, OK; George F. Ballard, Belleville, IL; Sam Barney, Lancaster, OH; J. Leslie Brown Jr., Louisville, KY; Joseph Chase, Hatboro, PA; Donald Conn, South Bend, IN; James W. Conway, Charlestown, MA; Lincoln Cox, Kirby, WV; Orval E. Faubus, Conway, AR; James H. Hall, Hopewell, NJ; Halbert G. Horton, Topeka, KS; W.B. (Brad) Jorgens, Beardsly, MN; Eugene J. Kelley, Savannah, GA; James V. Kissner, Palatine, IL; Russell H. Laird, Des Moines, IA; J. Fred Mitchell, Brewton, AL; J.H. Morris, Baton Rouge, LA; Everett G. Shepard, III, Woodstock, CT; Paul T. Woodard, Lacey, WA; Neal L. Thomas Jr., Consultant, Colorado Springs, CO.

Copyright 1 992 by The American Legion

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THE AMERICAN LEGION —

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Flag Waving dates, seems to be inhaling. There is opinions to black leaders. I think if we no speculation that The Washington could get the rest of the black commu- It is very encouraging to find some- Times "might fold" (Washington nity to agree with Steele, we would one, some organization, who stands up Watch, April), because The Times will have fewer problems between the and defends our Americanism ("Why not fold. We are enjoying our best year races. Protect Our Flag?" June). I commend ever, and expect to be here long after Gill Luft Michael Novak for his insight and sen- The American Legion follows the Long Beach, Calif. sitivity on such a passionate subject. Grand Army of the Republic into the Angella Laney suburbs of Valhalla, which I hope will Rome, Ga. be a long time from now. Kincaid's Greed Renounced was irresponsible. item The interview with Robert Water- I enlisted in the Navy as a kid out of Wesley Pruden man ("Greed, Egos and the Decline of high school because I thought freedom Managing Editor American Business," April) is a of expression was worth protecting. I The Washington Times responsible way for the Legion to live would enlist today if I thought our up to the part of our organization's freedoms were about to be taken away. Preamble that reads, "To combat the I feel flag burning in no way compares autocracy of both the classes and the to the danger of abrogating freedom of Masterpiece masses." Let's step out and confront speech. The interview with Shelby Steele the greedy upper class who have led us P2 B.L. Bud Fink ("Black Conservatism," April) was a into this mess. Panorama City, Calif. masterpiece of insight and honesty. I Norman Ullestad liked seeing affirmative action Des Moines, Iowa exposed to the light of day. It is now If we allow our flag to be trashed, time to drop affirmative action, which we will be breaking faith with all only corrupts the possibility of equal those who were sacrificed on the altar treatment for all. Golden Silence of freedom. I know the Legion is not Clayton L. Hansen My solution to the incessant chatter going to let that happen. Grand Island, Neb. and inane cliches of sports commenta- Robert Erhardt tors is to turn off the sound ("Sports Fort Plain, N. Y. Hyperbole" by Steve Salerno, June). It's refreshing to see a black person I've been doing that for years. Now, if writing a book that states the truth I could figure out some way to see Valhalla Bound? about affirmative action. If a white around the graphics which fill the I don't know what Cliff Kincaid person made comments similar to might be smoking these days, but he, Steele's, he would be labeled a racist. screen with unending statistics, I'd unlike some of our presidential candi- It's very important to bring Steele's have it made. Charles W. Margolf Boulder, Colo. WE WANT YOUR OPINIONS Handbook Praise You can contact The American This month's questions are: Many veterans will reap valuable Legion magazine two ways. Call • Should Congress make deep information from The Handbook of USat cuts in the defense budget? (See Veterans Benefits (May). Thank you. (900)740-8387 Page 8.) Rose McCafferty Horn to record your opinion, vote on cur- • As the U.S. military down- Orlando, Fla. rent issues, and listen to the opin- sizes, should Guard and Reserves ions of others. Calls cost $1 per min- be cut more than active-duty ute and proceeds support Legion pro- forces? (See Page 20.) Pre$cription grams. A magazine editor will listen Here's how you've voted on pre- I am a 76-year-old disabled veteran to your message. Callers' opinions are vious questions: and have had eye surgery. I have to use for publication and receive • Should Congress cancel the considered eye drops twice a day along with other a symbol when published. deficit-reduction agreement? Q medications or go blind. When I refill Yes 87% No 13% this medicine each month, it continues • Is there too much government Or you can write to: to increase in price and I cannot afford regulation? The American Legion magazine it. My income is about $400 a month. Yes 85% No 15% P.O. Box 1055 After I pay my other bills, I don't have Indianapolis, IN 46206 (900) 740-8387 very much money left to buy medicine. Please turn to page 56

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THE CITIZEN-SOLDIER MUST REMAIN AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE DEFENSE MIX

ONSPICUOUSLY Second, it assumes that small active- absent from the Penta- duty forces will be able to handle more gon's planning is a com- than one enemy at a time. But, a force mitment to the full geared to small-scale, quick-response wartime partnership of military operations may not have the active, Reserve and flexibility or the transportation logis- National Guard forces. tics to respond to two conflicts simul- In 1991, the Secre- taneously. tary of Defense and the Finally, Base Force assumes that Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff public support can be galvanized for unveiled a modified national defense these short military operations strategy called Base Force. As the because Reservists and Guardsmen are U.S. military's blueprint for national not called to duty— a significant defense in the post- era, Base departure from the Constitutional Force would lessen our nation's mandate that calls forth the militia to

reliance on citizen-soldiers in favor of repel invasions. Moreover, is it possi- active-duty forces that can be sent into ble that one of these low-key military battle at a moment's notice. operations might persist and get our For nearly 20 years, the Pentagon country involved in another has operated on the Total Force Policy, where the armed forces are committed a national defense strategy created by Nat 'I Cmdr. Dominic D. DiFrancesco to combat without public support? former Defense Secretary Melvin "The architects of Base Force are Laird and former U.S. Army Chief of Reserves and the National Guard are considering only hypothetical threats Staff, Gen. Creighton Abrams. This being cut 20 percent, with 250,000 to U.S. vital interests," says retired policy called for Reserve and Guard personnel proposed to be separated Army National Guard Maj. Gen. forces to be included in the early from the service by 1995. National Robert F. Ensslin, Jr., President of the stages of combat. Born out of the Guard forces available for use by National Guard Association. , one of its aims was to states will decrease by one-third. What about real threats to our ensure that American troops could not Driven by budget constraints, national security? Nobody can say be committed to combat without Pentagon military strategists decided what they might be in the future. But demonstrated home front support and that the post-Cold War era would not can we risk our nation's safety on opti- the mobilization of the citizen-soldier. require large combat forces augmented mism driven by a lack of money for Now the Department of Defense by Reserve and Guard units for pro- defense?

(DoD) wants to change the mix that longed fighting. They are planning for It is a question certainly worthy of has served our nation well. short, intense wars. public consideration and debate. After

Following the collapse of the Soviet all, it is the defense of our nation. The Union, defense cuts totaling more than DEAL with these conflicts, Base government is not a separate, auto- $44 billion plunged DoD's bottom line TOForce was created. This new strategy, nomous entity; it is answerable to the into the red, wreaking havoc on both while not replacing the Total Force people.

military equipment and personnel. policy, amplifies it to rely on active- There are many opinions on how to When the dust settled, Pentagon plan- duty warriors who could be transported best safeguard our national security in ners found themselves reorganizing anywhere in the world to crush the the post-Cold War world, and they are the U.S. Armed Forces to reflect a enemy with speed and precision. worthy of public consideration before budget-driven defense, rather than one Nevertheless, the proposed Base DoD commits us to one strategy. On that is needs-driven. Force strategy assumes many things. page 19, The American Legion maga-

The Pentagon is cutting 18 percent First, it assumes that we will not have zine begins a special section, "The of the active-duty military force by to fight another Desert Storm-scale Defense of the Nation," which offers 1995, releasing some 500,000 active conflict. Our military planners hope some of these viewpoints for the pur- duty troops. That will leave a standing for small skirmishes that can be han- pose of encouraging national debate. Army of 1.6 million. In addition, the dled by rapidly deployed strike forces. Please turn to page 51

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Pleaselease Signi S P S gn | i ^mMk | — Big issues SHOULD CONGRESS MAKE DEEP CUTS IN THE MILITARY BUDGET?

Rep. Les Aspin, D-Wisconsin Sen. Arlen Specter, R-Pennsylvania

Two modern revolutions ^ There is little disagreement have taken place in the J throughout our nation that former Soviet Union, YES 1^1^^ the defense budget will shifting the 40-year-old foundation of now be cut back. The harder question

our defense. I believe we can protect is: how drastically and how fast? Other ourselves from the real threats of the questions also need to be answered. future and still cut about $90 billion What effect will deep cuts have on our over the next five years. military capabilities to defend ourselves Our security needs began changing and to fight localized aggression such in December 1988 when the Soviet Union withdrew its as Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait? troops from Eastern Europe. Two years later, the first revo- What impact will deep cuts have on an economy which lution culminated in the fall of the Berlin Wall, signaling is digging itself out of a long and hard recession? Here are the end of the Warsaw Pact threat to Western Europe. some factors to consider. Congress and the White House recognized the collapse of Threat. The nuclear threat from the former Soviet Union this danger by agreeing to reduce America's military forces has been greatly reduced. Nonetheless, the Russian and by 25 percent and America's military spending by about 20 Ukrainian nuclear capability still exists with their estimated percent from fiscal year 1991 through fiscal year 1995. 32,000 strategic and tactical nuclear weapons. The second modern revolution began in August 1991 with There is a growing nuclear threat developing in the the failed attempt by Soviet hard-liners to wrest power from Middle East. The needs a credible and ready

Gorbachev and his reformers. It climaxed in the dissolution conventional military force to ensure that the Saddam of the nation itself and marked the end of an era of nuclear Husseins and Muammar Qaddafis of the world do not dom- confrontation between superpowers. The world remains a inate the region and control the economic well-being of the

dangerous place, but the danger is now enormously reduced. United States and many other nations. It is important that

The administration seeks to respond to the second revolu- we continually evaluate the threat and match it with an tion by merely reducing the force structure even more than appropriate level of defense spending.

its planned 25 percent after the first revolution. Fighting Morale. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of

I have reviewed our military requirements from the Staff, Army Gen. Colin Powell, has expressed grave con- ground up and identified the threats of regional aggression, cern that reductions not be so large and so rapid as to deci- nuclear proliferation and terrorism that we will be likely to mate the morale and ability of military units to respond to face in the future. crises which may erupt in the interim.

Next, I designed alternative force structures with varying Economy. The release from active duty of 500,000 mili- capabilities and evaluated them. (See "The Price of Peace," tary men and women over a five-year period is already hav-

Page 20.) I believe the option I selected can do the job ing a negative impact on a flat economy. effectively with a smaller force that costs less money than For the short run at least, the release is already adding to the administration's proposal. the rolls of the unemployed.

My force structure option could simultaneously fight But, the situation is not all grim. another war like Desert Storm, handle a conflict in Korea According to the watchdog Congressional Budget and conduct a smaller operation like Just Cause in Panama. Office, the peace dividend over the long term—if used It could deliver humanitarian aid to groups like the Kurds. to reduce the federal deficit—would benefit the economy. It also would have enough sealift capabilities to move our If the defense budget is reduced by about 20 percent

forces swiftly, and enough equipment prepositioned abroad between now and 1997, it could result in a permanent to arm them. increase in our Gross Na-

I believe my force tional Product by around structure proposal can WHAT DO YOU THINK? CALL (900) 740-8387 $50 billion a year by the ensure U.S. national You can vote yes or no on this issue, receive a tally that includes year 2000. your vote, record your opinions, and hear opinions of others. security in the new era I am strongly in favor of Calls cost $1 per minute and proceeds support Legion programs. and still save scarce major military cuts. But,

resources. let's do it responsibly

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Trade With Hanoi role for women in the military, pend- The author of a controversial study ing the report of the Presidential advocating an end to the U.S. trade Commission on Women in the Armed embargo against Vietnam predicts Services, and said he didn't know any- restrictions against Hanoi will end next thing about pornography sales at spring no matter who is elected Presi- Army PXs and Navy Exchanges. dent. Kenneth Conboy of the Asian Callers to the network told Cheney that Studies Center of the Heritage Uncle Sam is one of the biggest pur- Foundation says diplomatic relations veyors of pornography through sales and the recognition of the Hanoi regime of magazines like Playboy and will follow the Cambodian elections. Penthouse at military bases. With the Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank, on board the Commission Conflict normalization bandwagon, observers Key members of the Presidential say resistance Capitol Hill to on Commission on Women in the Armed expanded U.S. ties to Hanoi could Services think they're getting a party weaken substantially. line and not the full truth from Conboy told The American Legion Pentagon personnel on the impact magazine that he personally received women are having in the military. no negative reaction to his Heritage Some prospective military witnesses study hailing Vietnam's turn to capital- reportedly feel they will be denied ism and its alleged "ongoing coopera- r promotions if they publicly disagree tion" on the POW7MIA issue. ATCH with what many believe is the Pentagon's unstated policy of expand- Special Prosecutors ing the roles of military women. A battle between the President and By CliffKincaid The commission plans to recom- Congress over special prosecutors or mend an end to the practice of clearing independent counsels is expected to witnesses with the office of the end with a failure to reauthorize the the Defense Intelligence Agency. The Secretary of Defense, and to call for a Independent Counsel statute this fall. agency is considered by some to have public opinion poll of active duty per- President Bush wants special prosecu- dragged its feet in investigating sonnel that promises them anonymity. tors to probe Congress as part of his POW/MIAs over the years. The com- Opponents of women in combat Ethics in Congress Act. mittee also suffered from strong inter- believe they have an emotional trump nal disagreements over a proposed On the other side, some in Congress card—the argument that mothers and want a special prosecutor to probe fraud investigation of fund-raising daughters won't constitutionally be "Iraqgate" (the administration's rela- activities by POW groups. And able to escape a war-time draft if tions with Iraq before the ). Chairman John Kerry of Massachu- women are integrated directly into lost activists In hearings this summer, Attorney setts credibility with combat operations. when seemed to accept a curious General William Barr is expected to he claim by a Laotian official that tell Congress the President will veto IRS American had been killed by Crackdown the special prosecutor bill unless it POWs Non-profit, tax-exempt groups on villagers instead captive. applies to Congress, not just the exec- of being held both sides of the political spectrum are utive branch. bracing for an IRS crackdown on Meanwhile, Iran-Contra special Cheney's Promises "educational" activities this election prosecutor Lawrence Walsh, is expected Secretary of Defense Richard Chen- year. The conservative Council for to complete his six-year probe this year ey was on a hot seat during an appear- National Policy lost its tax-exemption and finish his book about the affair. ance on National Empowerment Tele- status, and the leftist Christie Institute vision, a new satellite television net- expects to lose its non-profit status as Factional Fighting work. Cheney promised to recommend well. The IRS has warned groups Odds were growing that the Senate a presidential veto of Colorado Rep. Pat exempt from federal income tax under committee investigating POW/MIAs Schroeder's bill to repeal the Pentagon's section 501 (c)(3) of the Internal would issue a majority report conclud- anti-gay policy. He also vowed to con- Revenue Code that they are prohibited ing there is no evidence of live POWs, duct further study on the school choice from direct or indirect activities bene- until Russian President Boris N. experiment—opening up the Depart- ficial or detrimental to any candidate. Yeltsin's announcement about U.S. ment of Defense school system, the 9th The next area of scrutiny: executive POWs in the USSR (See Page 40). largest system in the country, to com- compensation. The president of one Fights have broken out over whether petition from public and private tax-exempt think tank was embar- the committee has been too close to schools. The experiment would involve rassed by a report that he received over issuing vouchers to DoD families, $300,000 a year, not quite as much as Washington-based Cliff Kincaid allowing them to send their children to the disgraced United Way of America writes for Human Events and other either public or private schools. president, but enough perhaps to spark publications. Cheney refused to endorse a greater an IRS audit.

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION . 1

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National Executive Committee last year, calls for Medicare reimburse- ments to VA medical centers. VA Nixes Health Plan "VA care, we believe, is less costly than treatment in the private sector," said National Commander DiFran- cesco. "Overall, this proposal can save tax dollars while making more Derwinksi opposes a plan veterans eligible for VA care." that would reimburse VA for care Derwinski questioned if this plan would benefit veterans. After all, he given to medicare-eligible veterans. wrote, "We currently care for virtually all service-connected and lower income veterans who seek care at our facilities. Nonservice-connected high- er income veterans can, for the most B— ALK about irony. Con- part, afford the deductibles and copay- gress has a bill that would I ments under the Medicare program." provide VA health care That prompted an angry response I for more veterans, but the from National Commander DiFran- Department of Veterans cesco. Affairs (VA) is against it. "The reality is that veterans whose The bill—H.R. 5263— incomes are barely above the threshold calls for a pilot program I for means testing are being turned MBfcilfflW that would make nonscr- away for care at some VA medical cen- vice-connected disabled veterans and ters. And I am sure many veterans military retirees on Medicare eligible wouldn't agree with the secretary's to receive care at selected VA hospi- conclusion that they have enough dis- tals. The sites would be near military posable income to cover Medicare installations slated to close. copayments and deductibles," The program would treat Medicare- DiFrancesco said. eligible veterans with annual incomes Interestingly, Derwinski proposed a of more than $18,884. Currently these plan similar to H.R. 5263 earlier this veterans are treated only on a space year. His Rural Health Care Initiative available basis. (RHCI), however, would have allowed Even though the plan would open Medicare-eligible civilians, but not VA hospitals to many more veterans Medicare-eligible veterans, access to and reduce Medicare costs, VA VA treatment. Secretary Edward J. Derwinski said CONTRADICTION Derwinski wants RHCI failed in the wake of opposi- for Medicare he was "strongly opposed" to it. VA care non-veteran tion from the Legion and other veter- patients, but not Medicare-eligible Derwinski criticized most of the ans' organizations. "Derwinski now veterans. bill's provisions in a letter to Rep. opposes a program that is similar to G.V "Sonny" Montgomery of Mis- his RHCI proposal, but is geared to sissippi, chairman of the House that copayments provide appropriate veterans. I find the secretary's opposi- Veterans Affairs Committee. Mont- incentives to health-care users. tion to H.R. 5236 unfathomable," gomery is co-sponsoring the bill Removing such copayments would not DiFrancesco said. along with House Minority Leader be sound health-care policy and would "Why is Secretary Derwinski ," Rep. Robert Stump (Ariz.) and create undesirable incentives . . . he opposed to giving veterans the same Ranking Minority Leader John Paul wrote. opportunity for care that he seems so Hammerschmidt (Ark.). Derwinski said he was concerned willing to extend to non-veterans Under the pilot program, no copay- that some patients would go out of under the rural health-care plan?" ment and deductible would be required their way to use test sites just to avoid DiFrancesco asked. "This kind of by military retirees. In addition, the copayments. logic defies any reasonable explana- VA Secretary would have the authority The heart of the test program has tion. You can't have it both ways. to waive copayments for Medicare-eli- Medicare reimbursing VA for its treat- Secretary Derwinski clearly misunder- gible discretionary veterans. ment of eligible veterans and depen- stands his role as advocate for Also included in the program would dents. Costs would be negotiated by America's veterans." be dependents of Medicare-eligible VA and Medicare. Lawmakers expect When the Rural Health Care military retirees and dependents of VA's expenses to be less than what Initiative was suspended last winter, active duty military. Medicare pays civilian doctors and the Legion cautioned that the measure Among the bill's provisions hospitals. would later resurface. As the Legion Derwinski attacked was the one to This is one reason why The predicted, Derwinski continued to waive copayments. "It is widely recog- American Legion supports H.R. 5236. press for his view of VA's mission: nized in the health-care community In fact, Res. 24, passed by the Legion's Please turn to page 58

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION .. " This Year's Hottest New Product... TeleBrands Corp. Introduces Color Coordinated Car Polish!!

You've seen it publicized on where and I really didn't want to national TV. You've seen it adver- get it painted since the car is tised in the country's leading so old, I figured it would be a magazines and newspapers. It's waste of money. A friend of mine the most amazing concept in car told me about your product so I polish to hit the market in years! figured I'd give it a shot. I What makes this new product so couldn't believe the difference! It special? Color Smart™ is color looks so good that some people coordinated to match the color of even thought I got it painted. your car! That's right, this in- Thanks for a great product. credible new polish is so advanced M.R., Roanoke, VA it actually comes in lots of dif- Limited ferent colors designed to enhance Time Offer! your car's brilliance. This may A highly advanced polish like sound like a very simple idea at this one would normally sell for as first, but you won't believe what much as $29.95 per bottle! But it can do for your car! now, for a limited time (if you re- spond before September 15) you Wax Problem! can try amazing Color Smart™ The problem with ordinary car for just $7.95. It must be the best wax is that it's designed to sim- polish you've ever used or simply ply make your car shine more. return it for a full refund of the What this means, of course, is purchase price. You absolutely that if your car has any nicks or must try it to believe it! scratches, you end up with ORDER TODAY! SHINY nicks and scratches. And if you've ever tried waxing over RESPOND BY SEPT. 15TH!

faded paint, you know what a Please rush me ,he ,ollowin bottle(s) VCCI 9 waste of time that is! I Co! of Color Smart tm. 1 bottle $7.95 plus $2.50 S&H An Instant Paint Job! 2 bottles $14.90 plus $3.50 S&H. 3 bottles $21.85 plus $4.50 S&H. Color Smart™ has been scien- BOTTLES COLOR MAKE YEAR tifically formulated with costly space-age polymers, silicones, and imported wax pigments (colora- tion). will it Not only make faded _0ty paint look new again, and nicks Total Bottles and scratches disappear right be-

/ tried Color Smart™ . Now I can 't Payment method: (Check one) fore your eyes, but you'll have the " most brilliant, longest lasting even see the scratch. Check Money Order Visa M/C Carte Blanch Amex Diners Discover shine you've ever seen! It's truly B.S., Hanover, PA Total Enclosed $ amazing. Like an instant paint "My father in-law is in the auto VA residents add sales tax. job! Just look at these real life supply business he's and always Card # experiences: told me about the newest car waxes for car. But this Expire Date "I have a burgundy color 1988 my stuff (Color Smart) is the best thing Oldsmobile that was beautiful Print Name ever. It makes all those nicks my when I got it. Then one day I Address kids put in the car noticed a 3 foot long key scratch go away. Ijust wish you came out with it years Apt. City down the side. I was in tears. I a#°" thought it needed a paintjob until R.M., Long Valley, NJ State '72 "The paint on my Beetle Zip was so far gone, it looked like it ^Brands was ready for the junk yard. It TeleBrands, Dept. CP4884 j^One American Way, Roanoke, VA 24016 Allow up to 60 days for shipment. was embarrassing to drive it any- J "VbUR AMERICAN LEGION

T CHRISTMAS time Taking advantage competitive-bid basis. Many are 1990, five months after rejected because they lack the finan- Army Sgt. Roger of valuable cial strength or long-term commitment Winter left for Saudi necessary, and the National Executive Arabia, his wife, services generated Committee, with members from every Pauline, returned from $2 million for state, must approve each agreement. work to find their house In 1987, the National Finance Com- burglarized and ran- Legion programs. mission considered many financial- sacked. service proposals from several At first she didn't know banks and determined MBNA what to do. Then she remem- America's program was best suit- bered The American Legion's ed for the Legion's long-range Family Support Network for goals. Desert Storm families. She MBNA, with its main of- called the 800 number, and fice in Delaware, is one of the within days Legionnaires nation's largest lenders through from Post 60 of Laurel, Md., bank credit cards. MBNA also repaired the couple's home provides deposit, individual loan and installed security de- and card processing services. vices. Such assistance to veterans' Since MBNA began offering its families was made possible in part services to the Legion, 200,000 because Legionnaires use The Ameri- Legionnaires have participated in can Legion VISA card. MBNA financial programs. And The Legion receives a percentage of one of the most-used service is The each charge made with an American American Legion VISA card. Legion- Legion VISA card, and this money naires who carried The American Legion helps people like Pauline and Roger VISA card generated $2 million in Winter, as well as supports youth pro- revenue for the Legion from MBNA in grams such as American Legion 1991. That is $24 per person, or an Baseball, Boys Nation and the average of 35 cents each time a Legion National Oratorical Contest. naires as a membership benefit. Be- VISA card is used. "The Legion's share of credit card cause of Legionnaires' requests, In addition to giving the Legion a charges also pays for Department affinity programs have expanded to percentage of each charge on a Legion Service Officers' training to help veter- include a variety of financial services VISA card, MBNA America has con- ans with VA claims," says National and a long-distance telephone pro- tributed $15,000 to the Legion's Treasurer Webber LaGrange. "If you gram. National Emergency Fund and $5,000 apply for and use one of these cards, "Many members have asked that the to The American Legion's Family you are also helping teach children Legion offer membership benefits that Support Network. about the meaning of the Pledge of other associations were offering," says If you want to apply for a VISA Allegiance, and giving teen-agers the LaGrange. "These programs are card, call (800) 847-7378 and give the information they need to stay away optional—to participate or not is the Source Code PXJX. from drugs and alcohol." choice of each member. The programs In addition to the Legion VISA For 34 years, The American Legion cost nothing to those who don't partici- card, MBNA America offers Legion- has participated in affinity programs pate." naires these other financial options: such as life insurance and now credit Before entering into an affinity Gold Reserve. A revolving loan line cards. Affinity programs are agree- agreement, the Legion's National of credit in which free checks are pro- ments between the Legion and compa- Finance Commission carefully studies vided to the user. For information, call nies to provide services to Legion- proposals of company programs on a Please turn to page 58

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION '

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THE AGENT ORANCE

LL FOUR of my chil- Birth defects are to the plight of Vietnam veterans and dren have birth defects. their children suffering from the I have no doubt that caused by dioxin effects of Agent Orange. Today, he is their problems were and they may in the process of making another trek, caused by my exposure be 900 miles across Idaho, to get elected to Agent Orange," says passed on to to Congress as a champion of veterans' Henry "Sonny" Kinsey, rights. a Vietnam veteran. other generations, "In spite of all the evidence, the But, does Agent new studies say federal government continues to Orange actually cause birth defects? ignore what's happening to Vietnam If you accept the federal veterans and their children," government's viewpoint, based Kinsey says. "Unless veterans on the Agent Orange Briefs get off their duffs and make a published by the Department stand, nothing will ever be of Veterans Affairs Environ- done." mental Service, the answer For most expectant parents, appears to be no. the greatest concern is what to

If you accept the con- name the baby, or will it be a clusions reached by The boy or a girl? For Vietnam vet- American Legion's Colum- erans, however, the foremost bia University studies, and question is: "Will our baby those of dozens of other non- have a birth defect?" federally funded surveys and In Kinsey's case, the answer studies, the answer is unques- was yes—all four times. His tionably, yes. oldest child, a daughter, 20, While the national average has severe retardation and of children with birth defects learning disabilities. His 16- is approximately 3 to 6 per- year-old son suffers from a cent, studies show that nearly chronic lung disorder. His 9- 20 percent of Vietnam veter- year-old son has chronic ans' children have birth arthritis. And his 3-year-old defects. daughter has feet that are "The Legion has literally turned inward. thousands of case histories that Incidences of birth defects demonstrate a definite link in children of Vietnam veterans between Agent Orange and run as high as 19 percent, birth defects," says Chet according to the William Stellar, chairman of the Joiner Center for the Study of Legion's Veterans Affairs and War and Its Social Conse- Rehabilitation (VA&R) Com- quences at the University of mission. Massachusetts in Boston. Sonny Kinsey, an indepen- "Statistics mean nothing if dent candidate for Congress there are no legitimate, ap- EVIDENCE Researcher Betty Mekdeci sees from Coeur d' Alene, Idaho, proved studies to back them tistical link between dioxin and birth defects. can offer strong evidence up," says Betty Mekdeci, execu- based on personal experience. tive director of the Association He was a chemical mixer in the Navy He also suffers from seven other dis- of Birth Defect Children in Orlando, Seabees during the Vietnam War and eases linked to the defoliant. Two are Fla. Her organization received a has already lost one leg to cancer. terminal. $9,300 grant from The American Even the U.S. government has In 1990, Kinsey made headlines Legion Child Welfare Foundation this acknowledged that his cancer was when he rolled his wheelchair 3,143 year to help continue its work develop- caused by exposure to Agent Orange. miles across America to draw attention Please turn page

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION "Electric" Train Sets only __*tfK^ i^fa '5 fl^^L

Includes barn, stone walls, fences, wind mill, horses, cows, sheep, chickens, pigs, geese, rabbits, goat, Full 1-year farmer, wife, 2 daughters, collie dog. 50 pieces in all! money-back guarantee.

As part of a nationwide publicity campaign, a Yes, rush (how many) multi-million dollar New York firm will offer its "GOLDEN EAGLE" Electric Train fantastic set of battery-operated electric trains—the Set(s) for only $5 each. (R44300) nationally advertised TRANS-AMERICAN Farmland Set—Over50 pieces, GOLDEN EAGLE FLYER™—for the astonishing BONUS OFFER on ly $3 per set (how many) price of only $5 each to the first 10,000 who respond (R46620) before October 31. Add $2.75 shipping & handling. In NY, CA add sales tax. Each set includes an independently battery-powered,

Total $ . turn-of-the-century style locomotive pulling a coal — Makecheck payable to RBM Ltd. Orchargeto tender, boxcar and caboose. Also included are 8 sect- VISA MASTERCARD DISCOVER ions of modular tracks and a dual-position lever- (Enter all 13 or 16 card numbers below.) switch that shunts the entire train from track to track Card # and from curve to straightaway. Exp. Date (Mo) (Yr)

Easy finger action. Able to run continuously from Mr/Mrs Ms/Miss noon to midnight (a full 12 hours) on just one ordinary alkaline "AA" flashlight battery (not Address included). For ages 3 and up. City/State/Zip . (R46630-01) SORRY—we reserve right to limit two (2) sets per MAIL TO: address at this price. But if your request is mailed early enough (before October 25) you may order up to 7. RBM Train Offer, Dept. 570-230, We reserve right to extend time and quantity Box 400, Jericho, NY 11753 guarantee. Hurry! Allow up to 6-8 weeks for shipment. ing a registry of birth defect children. were born with dislocated hips, prob- be born like me?'"

"When I first started the registry, it lems with knees and learning disabili- No one can answer Mary Beth's

was because I had a child of my own ties. worry, because no one is investigating with problems," says Mekdeci. "I Mary Beth's father, Ted, suffers if there is a third generation risk to didn't know anyone who had been in from chronic skin problems that VA dioxin exposure. In fact, even though Vietnam and was skeptical about the attributes to Agent Orange exposure. there have been dozens of studies on

claims that were being made. I am per- Her father spent 23 years in the Army. the risk of birth defects to second gen- suaded now that there is an association "I know Agent Orange is responsi- eration children, the response from the between Agent Orange and the birth ble for Mary Beth's and Sherrie's con- federal government has been one of

defects of Vietnam veterans' children." ditions," Hutches says. "My wife and I total disinterest.

The federal government remains had a son before I went to Vietnam As Mary Beth put it, "They know

blandly indifferent to the situation, and he was perfectly normal. Both what they did to my dad and what it according to Richard Christian Jr., girls were born after I returned from did to us, but they simply won't own up deputy director of the Legion's VA&R Vietnam and both have been deprived to it." Division. of the quality of life they should have The litany of suffering is wide- "We've had to fight for every benefit had. spread. granted the Vietnam veteran," says "It really hurts after dedicating my Fred Wright was a Marine who

Christian. "The government is basing life to the military to have the govern- served in I Corps, Vietnam, in 1968 its decisions on monetary considera- ment turn its back like this." and 1969. He has a 50 percent service- tions rather than the needs of the veter- connected disability and he and his an or his family. All the evidence, even HUTCHES' problems, like many wife, Liz, have three children. Each the government's own studies, indicate veterans, extend beyond physical child suffers from varying degrees of there is a definite relationship between pain and anxiety. There is never birth defects. The Wrights, too, are birth defects and Agent Orange." enough money for medical treatment. convinced the problems stem from One of the main problems, accord- Few insurance companies will provide Fred's exposure to Agent Orange. ing to Mekdeci, is that no one has Hutches with medical coverage Their oldest daughter, Teresa, was been able to determine exactly how the because he is disabled and his daugh- born with deformed bones in her ear effects of dioxin are transferred to a ters' birth defects are pre-existing con- canal that have required seven opera- child. If dioxin affects genetic makeup, ditions that aren't covered. tions. She also has no roof in her there will soon be another generation In fact, Hutches had to fight for mouth and suffers from a bone devel- of Agent Orange babies to worry years to get Social Security disability opment problem that left her with about, as many children of Vietnam benefits for his daughters. But even so, kneecaps the size of nickels. At 21, veterans are now reaching child-bear- the deductibles and copayments make Teresa is confined to a wheelchair.

ing age. it difficult to afford medical treatment. Her brother, 16 year-old Eric, has an "I plan to get married soon," says "Only our faith in the Lord has attention-span problem and bone and Mary Beth Hutches. "We'd like to have helped us survive," Hutches says. teeth development disorders. He also children, but we just don't know if we "How do you answer your daughter suffers from skin growths and was should." She and her sister, Sherrie, when she asks, 'Daddy, will my baby born with his colon emerging from the umbilical cord. Their youngest daughter, Christal, 7, has curled-over toes. As her teeth AGENT ORANGE: THE LEGION'S BATTLE came in, there were holes completely through them. They are also very brit- SINCE 1978, the Legion has children have been born with debil- tle. fought to get the U.S. govern- itating, maiming birth defects. "UCLA performed genetic testing

ment to accept responsibility for the Scientific evidence has led Legion on Fred and I after Teresa was born," use of Agent Orange in Vietnam. experts to one conclusion: Agent says Liz. "There was no family history Today, this battle still rages. Orange is responsible. of birth defects of any sort.

The American Legion, along The Legion is committed to help- "What makes this so bad is that the with the Vietnam Veterans of ing these children and their families problems with the kids get worse as America, is suing the federal gov- through its Vietnam Veteran Family they get older. The bills are staggering ernment to force it to conduct a Assistance Program, which refers and the government says there is noth- viable ground-troop study on Agent Vietnam veterans and their families ing they can do," she says. "VA says Orange exposure, as mandated by to agencies that offer counseling, that there is no connection between Congress. After both VA and the medical care, rehabilitation and birth defects and Agent Orange, but Centers for Disease Control aban- special schooling. how else could this have happened?" doned the study, the Legion helped At the same time, The American When Carol Solberg's husband, launch a legal battle that awaits a Legion continues to press the gov- Roger, came home from Vietnam in

hearing in federal court. ernment to provide Vietnam veter- 1967, it was a happy time. He had sur- Between 2.5 million and 2.8 mil- ans and their children with medical vived the war, done his duty and now lion service people were exposed to care and financial compensation. they could settle down and raise a the chemical and thousands of their —K.S. family. Please turn to page 59

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION — —

IN THEATDEFENSEIONOF THE

IF WAR has its price, so In the White House, the Pentagon Times newspapers outlines the issues does peace. and on Capitol Hill, more experts, plus and the controversies facing a smaller That is what America assorted politicians, tap tap tap their U.S. military. is debating right now. calculators and computer spreadsheets. • "The View From The Pentagon" The superpower Cold They are adding and subtracting men, —Navy Adm. David E. Jeremiah, vice War was like an end- women, machines and money. chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, less, baneful fog that War is expensive. But peace, if you explains how the new force will be up

obscured much of the want to keep it, is not cheap. The cost to the expected challenges of the '90s convulsive world be- of peace will be less than the cost of and beyond. neath it. The fog is gone now. Com- the Cold War. But how much less—25 • "The View From The Militia" munism's EviLEmpire has disintegrat- percent, 35 percent, 50 percent? National Guard Association President ed into separate states, old with hates, Whatever the cuts, where do they Robert F. Ensslin Jr. warns that the new with fears. leave the men and women in uniform, Pentagon's drawdown seriously But the peace we see is not an regular and Reserve? reduces the role of citizen-soldiers in Eden. It is a discordant garden of And where do they leave this future combat. blooms, thorns and poisons. How are nation? Secure in peace, or unfit for • "The View From The Field"— we to tend our part of it? war—the kind of war that humans still San Diego Union-Tribune military As usual in these matters, the manage to fight whether there are affairs writer Jim Michaels reports on debate circles around money. How superpowers or not? the impact of the drawdown on ser- much, and how to spend it? In this special series of four articles, vicemen and women. Think tank experts talk about defin- The American Legion magazine In the months to come, The Am- ing America's goals and vital interests. frames the debate that has only just erican Legion magazine will report They scrutinize the nations, the peo- begun: further on this debate, on the outcome, ples, the causes and even the religions • "The Price of Peace"—William and on the impact on service people of the world to define the threats. Matthews of the authoritative Army and veterans. The Editors

AUGUST 1992 19 —

OF THE NATION THE PRICE OF

The U.S. militory must downsize. DoD's x Base Force' moy only be the beginning. ARMY Just how much more to cut will be One-third reduction: the defense debote of the decade. from 18 to 12 active duty divisions; from 10 to 6 Reserve divisions. By William Matthews

FOR THE first time U.S. troops are coming home from Center for Defense Information, a mil- since 1951, Europe is Europe at the rate of 70,000 a year. itary think tank based in Washington, not being defended by Soldiers, sailors and airmen are leav- D.C. As with many issues, the center's the U.S. Army VII ing the military —voluntarily and threat assessment is quite different Corps. No more is a U.S. involuntarily—at the rate of 100,000 a from the Pentagon's. aircraft carrier patrolling year over the next five years. But, as the military sees it, "It's still the Mediterranean at all At least 4,400 planes, 2,000 tanks a dangerous world out there," Navy times. And after 35 and 186 ships will be mothballed, sold Adm. Leon Edney told the House years, U.S. strategic or scrapped. About 100 military bases Armed Services Committee last bombers are no longer on round-the- will be closed in the United States, spring. Edney, commander-in-chief of clock alert. along with 500 large and small U.S. the Atlantic Command, ticked off these The breakup of the Soviet Union installations overseas. statistics: 10 nations are known to have and the end of the Cold War have As welcome as the collapse of com- chemical or biological weapons; 10 to changed the U.S. military like no event munism is after decades of fear and 15 nations possess or are close to pos- save war itself. preparing to fight, the absence of a sessing nuclear weapons; and 32 single, powerful enemy and a clear and nations have ballistic missiles. present danger has set military policy- The Middle East remains the VETVOICE makers adrift in unfamiliar territory. world's chronic trouble spot. Iraq is Visions of future threats range from busy rebuilding its shattered military. WHAT'S YOUR OPINION? the Pentagon's worst-case scenario Iran occasionally flexes its military that Russia or possibly some coalition muscle, taking a poke at Iraq. And As the U.S. military down- of nations, would rise to superpower Israel and the Palestinians continue sizes, should the Reserves be cut status and challenge the United their struggle. more than active-duty forces? States—to the proposition that few of As a result of the Persian Gulf War, Call your opinion to (900) 740- the world's future wars will threaten the United States has increased its VETS. You can vote, record a U.S. national interests or demand U.S. troop presence in the region, sending letter to the editor, and listen to involvement. carrier battle groups and amphibious opinions of others. Calls cost $1 "Almost overnight the threat against groups into the region more often, per minute and proceeds support which the United States for so long conducting frequent joint exercises Legion programs. Vetvoice opin- projected its military needs has evapo- with allies and prepositioning war sup- ions are printed in the magazine rated, leaving the United States with- plies in a number of countries. with a symbol. out an enemy in the world," writes the Looking out over the Pacific, there (900) 740-VETS is North Korea on the verge of acquir- nuclear weapons. There is China, a I (900) 740-8387 William Matthews covers the Pen- ing tagon for the Army Times newspapers. major military power, a weapons

THE AMERICAN LEGION BASE FORCE BY 1997

NAVY AIR FORCE MARINE CORPS Reduced to 450 ships, 80 Active air wings reduced Reduced from 194,000 to less than in 1 990; also from 22 to 15; Reserve air 164,800 Marines; would aircraft carriers will be wings will be cut from keep 1 Reserve division cut from 1 5 to 1 2, 12 to 11. and 1 air wing.

exporter and one of the countries For the moment, however, the likeli- impede the proliferation of sophisticat- capable of filling the power vacuum hood of conflict involving the United ed weapons, keep peace between war- created by the collapse of the Soviet States "is at a historic low and still ring nations, offer help after disasters Union. There is Russia, which inherits diminishing," according to Pacific and show the flag around the world to the large Soviet Pacific fleet. There is forces commander-in-chief, Navy bolster our allies and deter our ene- brewing insurgency in the Adm. Charles Larson. mies. and drug trafficking from the "Golden From the south, the United States is What sort of force will the United Triangle" of Burma, Laos and threatened by drug lords, according to States need to counter these threats Thailand. Army Gen. George Joulwan, chief of Please turn to page 50 the Southern Command. A "well- resourced, worldwide criminal net- work" imperils fragile democracies in Central and South America "and, to a lesser degree, even that of the United States," he warned the Senate last spring. Narcotics kingpins have replaced the Soviet Union as the financiers of revolutionary organizations like Peru's Sendero Luminoso or Shining Path, Joulwan said. Drug trafficking and drug consumption remain a problem in Panama, despite Operation Just Cause, the 1989 U.S. invasion, he said. The Cold War may be over, but there were 35 wars being fought around the globe last spring, according to Atlantic Command chief Edney. CUT EVERYTHING, "Instability in the world and the poten- HIS PLAN cuts tial for regional conflict will not lessen but triple our in the next five to 10 years," he pre- active-duty forces ability to move dicted. by 25 percent, and War is not the only threat facing men and machines. U.S. troops. The military can also Reserves by 20 percent. expect the call to fight terrorism,

AUGUST 1992 21 —

1 THE DEFENSE I OF THE NATION

Commentary THE VIEW FROM THE MILITIA

and, although not well advertised, a F. By Robert Ensslin Jr. military draft. The Guard and History suggests that we may be ARCHITECTS of Base Reserve provide cutting our Reserve and Guard too Force, the Department much. Prior to World War II and the of Defense's (DoD) new a well-trained and onset of the Cold War, the National national defense strate- ready alternative Guard ranged from 50 percent to 100 gy, are competing with percent larger than the standing Army. the lessons of history. to an expensive, With this size, the Guard and Reserve After 19 years, DoD could perform their constitutional is replacing its forward questionable duty. deployed national de- active-duty force. The Constitution recognizes that fense strategy with a force projection nations, not armies, prosecute wars strategy called Base Force. What is that armies are simply the instruments

Base Force? And how will it change of war. And citizen-soldiers —the the way America prepares for and fights war? the largest of wars. The majority of In 1973, following the Vietnam War, citizen-soldiers would be called to bat- DoD implemented Total Force, a tle many months after the fight has national defense program that made been joined. the active and reserve forces full part- Under this strategy, Guard and ners during wartime. By including citi- Reserve involvement in any future zen-soldiers in combat, Total Force operation on the scale of Desert Storm was designed to prevent the United would be minimal, particularly in the States from entering an unpopular war. Army. Base Force calls for active duty A war like Vietnam. Army divisions to be cut from 18 to 12 Base Force strategy is a profound and for Army National Guard divi- departure from the historic and consti- sions to be cut from 10 to 6. tutional essence of national defense. It Some 830 National Guard and removes the framework for coopera- Reserve units will be downsized or tion between active and reserve forces. eliminated under Base Force, sep- MAJ. GEN. ROBERT F. ENSSLIN JR. This is dangerous. arating 140,000 Guardsmen and President, National Guard Association War-making is taken out of the Reservists from military service by American people's hands because this 1993. policy requires that the United States Those who remain in the Reserve AMERICA MUST rely on a professional army for all but will be confronted with the center- piece of Base Force: a rapid deploy- include its Maj. Gen. Robert F. Ensslin Jr., ment contingency force. In addition, if citizen-soldiers Army National Guard, Ret., is presi- a larger force is required, new units dent of the National Guard Asso- will be formed with individuals from in battle. ciation in Washington, D.C. the Individual Ready Reserve (IRR)

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION — —

BATTLE READY In Desert Storm, Joint Chiefs of Staff, in a 1991 report Both provide requisite security, but | citizen-soldiers were deployed within of the Department of Defense Reserve the latter provides a balanced, capable j» days. Here, Georgia National Guard train Forces Policy Board. "We must not national defense force that retains the | at Fort Irwin, Calif. repeat those mistakes." spirit of the Framers' intent and pro- | the vides to the American citi- Today, Congress and American taxpaying | Reserve and National Guard are the people are presented with the option of zenry a peacetime return on their — | nation's only link with war, the only a high cost, active duty military of investment in national security. It gives | measure of accountability. questionable need or utility, or a bal- the President more options when a war | The National Defense Act of 1916 anced military consisting of a "full must be fought. 1 established that there were to be at time" force to meet our nation's identi- The architects of Base Force have | least 800 National Guard members for fiable threats backed up by a trained, apparently focused primarily on the § each member of the House and Senate. and equipped citizen-soldier force. Please turn to page 54 DoD's Base Force gives the Guard 338,000 military personnel, 90,000 short of this ratio. In a meeting at The American Legion's National Headquarters in Indianapolis, a distinguished panel of military experts, including this author, set the minimum force requirement for the Guard at 425,000. From the Pequot War in 1637 to Desert Storm, the nation has relied on citizen-soldiers to answer the call in time of need and to give the nation the ability to defeat the enemy. "We do not want to devastate our forces as we did in 1919, 1945, 1972- 73. In time, we came to regret each of those demobilizations," stated Army Gen. Colin L. Powell, chairman of the

UPLIFT The Pentagon's plan will not build enough ships and planes to move forces to two conflicts, says author.

AUGUST 1992 23 I THE DEFENSE | OF THE NATION INTERVIEW

Adm. Dovid E. Jeremiah, vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff says the United States should not shrink its forces too quickly nor rely too heavily on the Reserves.

AS THE nation's second highest-ranking mili- To say now that "Ah, there is no Soviet Union" is to sim- tary officer, Adm. David E. Jeremiah is paid ply confirm the premise upon which we did the planning. to worry. And worry he does. Jeremiah, vice The demise of the Soviet Union was anticipated. The rise of chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, worries regional contingencies in the Persian Gulf was also antici- that Congress will force the Defense pated. Both were also relevant to the way we planned the Department to shrink the force too quickly or National Military Strategy. to rely too heavily on reserve forces he feels may be unsuited for today's likely military Q. Are you convinced that a 25 percent smaller force scenarios. He rejects criticisms that the could handle a Desert Storm? Pentagon is still planning to fight a single, opposing super- - Yes. We sized the force based on projections of power. He insists events of the past two years confirm that A. regional contingencies such as Desert Storm. the Pentagon has been right-on in its planning. Jeremiah, 59, looks to a future in which problems pop up Q. In order to make Desert Shield/Desert Storm at a moment's notice, in which high technology will give the work, you had to take a corps out of Europe. Is that U.S. tremendous tactical advantages and in which, despite something you're comfortable with?

the drawdown, the government will provide adequate, if not - I think it very much depends on the circumstance. We generous, benefits for those who serve. A. were able to pull a corps out and go to the desert Though he's worried, he's also optimistic that for the first because the East-West conflict was clearly gone. The Soviet time in the country's history, the nation will get through a government was supporting the United Nations effort in military drawdown without breaking up the force. The fol- Kuwait and was not a threat. lowing interview was conducted in Jeremiah's Pentagon But, you could have instability in Eastern Europe or in office. the Commonwealth of Independent States. And that could grow to some greater level and people would say now it's American Legion Magazine: When the Base Force not in U.S. interests to move those troops out of Europe. In plan to cut the force by 25 percent was announced, there the latter case, we would move forces from the United was still a Soviet Union and Iraq had just invaded States or other areas. So, yes, I'm comfortable with what Kuwait. Now the Soviet Union is gone and Iraq is we're doing, given current conditions. defeated. Yet the Pentagon stands by the Base Force and rejects further cuts. Why? Q. When the President's budget went up to the Hill in January, it received the usual negative reception. Now it Adm. David E. Jeremiah: We tried to think ahead. appears there's great reluctance to speed up the draw- About two years ago we looked at the world and we saw that down. Is that because you've convinced them you're it was clearly in change and we asked: Where is that change right, or is that because the economy is in such bad likely to go? shape?

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION " " " "

HIGHLIGHTS

On the drawdown: 7 don't think we ought to break up this force that we have paid so much in terms of time, treasure and blood just for the sake of a short- term political gain.

On a smaller force: "We sized the force based on projections of regional contingen- cies such as Desert Storm.

On the Reserves: "As the level of warfare becomes progressive- ly more sophisticated, you require a level of day-to-day training you simply don't get on a part-time basis.

On U.S. military plan- ning: "The demise of the Soviet Union was anticipated. The rise of the regional con- tingencies in the Per- sian Gulf was also anticipated.

A You'd have to ask Congress that one. But I think we've take to win the long-term battle? m convinced them that there's merit in our argument. Time. You have to see what takes place. I think events II When I'm out talking around the country, I say: "Here's A. around the globe have pretty much made our case so what's going on. We've had change in the world. This is how far. But we have to look at what the world's going to be like we're executing the restructuring of the Armed Forces of the in the future. United States. This is the rate at which we're moving. These QL Defense Secretary Cheney and Joint Chiefs are the consequences." Chairman Powell insist that this is an administration People out there say, "Yeah, that makes sense to me. I that puts the people of the military first. Yet, the veter- don't think we ought to break up this force that we paid so ans organizations that lobby for military people are much for in time, treasure and blood just for the sake of a more and more critical of current levels of pay, transi- short-term political gain." tion and benefits. Are you comfortable with the way the We've broken the force twice—after World War I and troops are being treated during the drawdown? World War II—and we don't intend to do that again. - Let's talk first about the people who will remain. Part QL Sen. Sam Nunn and Congressman Les Aspin, A. of why this force is so good is because of the people chairmen of the Armed Services committees, look well we've been able to attract. We need to continue to provide below 1.6 million to a smaller force. What's it going to Please turn to page 55

AUGUST 1992 25 —

1' THE DEFENSE OF THE NATION THE VIEW FROM

By Michaels age those cuts without laying off ser- Jim vicemen not protected by pensions. So For many GIs, the Armed Forces are taking in fewer ^ SEATED on metal fold- downsizing the recruits, making it tougher to re-enlist M ing chairs, their elbows after the first tour and trying to lure H^mE1 resting on cold brown U.S. militory people out with incentive packages. [PJS formica tables, 184 means going Military brass hope to make the cut- l|j§| sailors and Marines are backs as painless as possible and keep Wmt- HP preparing for the shock from the front lines, morale and readiness high. *e ' r ives: a return t0 The problem is, pain may be °^ ' I \ W .\ A the civilian world. to long lines unavoidable. With jobs scarce outside ^L^L^M At the far end of this of unemployment. the military and morale inside sky- cavernous room at the 32nd Street high after Desert Storm, retention in Naval Station in San Diego, homeport •••••••••••• most services is at an all-time high. to a large chunk of the U.S. Pacific When the Navy first offered buy-outs, Fleet, a civilian instructor dressed in a ranging up to $50,000, they were blue blazer and tan slacks is pacing to learn that less than know how to do it. Just getting in the shocked 500 back and forth, talking about stock door scares me. What to do? What to sailors took the offer. options, employee child care and say? What to dress in?" That's not surprising. These incen- unions to this latest wave of service- This four-day transition assistance tive packages may look good for a sin- men and women about to wash ashore program is a step up from the old days, gle guy who wants some quick cash to in the civilian world. when a sailor would sling his seabag buy a sports car, but for mid-career In the back of the room, Petty over his shoulder and head through the people with families, it's a different Officer 3rd Class Bobbette Peters is main gate to catch a bus home. But a story. listening, but hoping for answers to class on job benefits isn't going to do Under the Army's program, for more basic questions, such as what to any good if there are no jobs available example, a typical staff sergeant (E-6) wear to a job interview or even what once they leave. with 10 years of active duty would get questions to ask once she gets there. "The economy is not going to a lump sum payment of $28,642 The 28-year-old aircraft mechanic absorb them," says Dave Cormier, a before taxes—or $4,773 each year for had recently learned she was passed job consultant in San Diego who deals the next 20 years. In a bad economy, over for promotion and would have to mostly with military officers. Cormier few people want to take the money and leave the Navy, her home for the past has double the number of military bet they'll get a job when they get out. 10 years. She came to the service applicants he had two years ago. "And And consider that a larger percentage straight from high school and planned there's going to be more." What's of servicemen are married with fami- on making it a career. worse, is the tone of those who are lies than in the past. "I just like the security," she says. seeking information about jobs. "The Reducing the number of recruits the "And now it's gone." calls I'm getting now are real desper- military takes in is another method of Her only civilian job experience was ate." shrinking the military without layoffs, scooping ice cream one summer. During the next five years the mili- but it too has its own problems. Cuts "Going to a job interview?" she con- tary will shrink by about 25 percent. in recruits can only go so far, because fides during a break in class. "I don't The Army plans on reducing its own the military needs youngsters to fill ranks to 535,000 soldiers and officers the jobs on the bottom rungs of the Jim Michaels reports on military by 1995, the lowest level since before ladder, such as swabbing the decks or affairs for The San Diego Union- World War II. humping a machine gun. The military Tribune in California. The services say they want to man- is still a young person's game.

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION — — —

MUSTERING OUT Though Sgt. Joseph Andrews has been a Marine for nine years, he was advised to take $23,500 in severance pay and look for a job.

With limited success in luring peo- ple out of the service or taking fewer in, the Pentagon is already examining more desperate measures. The Army, which will take the deep-

est cuts, has announced it will conduct the dreaded RIF—reduction in force for some officers, if the voluntary incentives don't work. The Navy hasn't started RIF boards yet, but they recently announced that forced retire- ment boards would be extended from officers to senior enlisted men. Few are prepared to say where this will end, particularly if Congress forces still deeper cuts. Defense Secretary Dick Cheney signaled a warning recently when he unveiled plans to cut back thousands of National Guard and Reserve positions. "The only reason we exist is to be prepared to fight and win wars," he UNRESERVED Army National Guard Col. Richard Metcalf says active duty generals said at a Pentagon news conference. fight for their commands at the expense of Reservists and Guardsmen. "We're not a social welfare agency.

AUGUST 1992 27 I THE DEFENSE | OF THE NATION the past, Fredenburgh could control that those paychecks are well worth it his asthma through medication and for the taxpayer, pointing out that their perform all his duties. units cost a quarter as much as their

We're not an employment agency." "It's an excuse," says Fredenburgh, active duty colleagues to maintain. It That argument may not go over too who firmly believes he is a victim of takes them longer to get ready to go to well with servicemen who were bank- economics—not biology. "If you're not battle than active duty forces, but the ing on a career in the military and now in perfect shape, you're out of here." Reserves are a cheap way of maintain- find themselves out in the cold. With a top secret security clearance ing a large force in case world events Marine Sgt. Joseph Andrews recent- and good marks from his superiors, he change and a large army is needed. ly finished a successful tour as a drill had hoped to stay in at least 20 years. The anticipated deep cuts in instructor, arguably the most stressful "They wanted me on board. I was a Reserve forces has only served to job in the Marine Corps. He spent valuable asset to the command." deepen long-standing rivalries long hours away from his wife and When his shipmates leave port, he'll between the weekend warriors and three kids as he tried to turn young be looking for a job and trying to pre- full-time soldiers. civilians into Marines. Now his worst pare his wife and two children for the Richard Metcalf, a colonel in the nightmare is coming true: He has to transition to the civilian world. His California Army National Guard, sees leave the Corps. first step is to move out of Navy hous- the active duty generals fighting to "The Marine Corps was my career," ing, which provided a real benefit in hang on to their commands at the Andrews says. The 27-year-old served expense of Reservists and Guardsmen. 9 years in the Marines, but because his "There's a certain elitism, a belief that original military occupational special- they and only they are capable of ty—avionics repair—is filled, he was defending the Republic." advised to take his $23,500 severance As Pentagon budget-cutters are package and look for a job. FLOODED making these choices, trying to bal- Andrews' case is typical of what is ance national security against budget happening now within the ranks. The job market means interests, some servicemen aren't wait- services are tightening up wherever ing around. Bright young officers see they can. Promotions come harder and employers can slower promotions and fewer com- take longer, some occupation special- find cheap labor mands on the horizon. It's not clear ties are no longer wanted, physical who the enemy is anymore. Why stick standards are being enforced to the let- and military skills around? ter and disciplinary problems are Kevin Klutz is—or was—a military not rarely getting a second chance. may count golden boy. A 27-year-old West Point graduate and Apache helicopter pilot, "The Navy is doing any number of for much. things to reduce the force," says Cmdr. he came back home from the Persian John Halvorson, who heads the Pacific Gulf with a Bronze Star and two air Fleet's Career Information Team. medals, after leading night attacks Even small injuries are cause against Hussein's Republican Guard. enough to get a physical disability and San Diego, where housing costs are His pilots are credited with killing 39 a discharge from the Navy. Before the beyond the reach of most enlisted Iraqi tanks and armored personnel budget cuts, a sailor with a minor back sailors with families. "I don't know carriers with their high-tech attack or shoulder problem might wind up what's around the corner." helicopters that see in the dark. behind a desk or on shore duty for a Reservists are as angry about the Klutz is now a civilian looking for few years. Not anymore. It's not that prospect of losing their positions as work. Why? the standards have changed, Halvorson their active duty colleagues. National "Promotions have slowed way says. It's just that the regulations are Guard armories are an essential part down," says Klutz, who is living in now being enforced to the letter. of many small towns and cities. But in Palmdale, Calif., and looking for a cor- Just ask Petty Officer 2nd Class Jim some small communities they may go porate sales job. "It's just taking longer Fredenburgh, a 13-year Navy veteran the way of 5 and 10s. The Pentagon and longer to get promoted." who wanted to make the Navy a plans on cutting 140,000 Guard and There are other reasons, too. Klutz career. Now the 30-year-old radioman Reserve positions nationwide. was disappointed with the way the is being medically retired because he Some states will be hit particularly Army was supporting the Apache pro- has asthma. He says the Navy knew hard. The Pentagon plans on cutting gram. He said the Army routinely about his asthma for six years, during 60 percent of the Massachusetts scrimped on training and the purchase which time he made two deployments National Guard, including most of the of spare parts, hurting morale and and passed physicals. historic Yankee Division. Staff Sgt. making his job as commander tougher. But while his ship was preparing for Keith McLear, who drills in Adams, "They just don't have the budget." another deployment recently, the ship's Mass., said many Guardsmen use their Finally, he quit the Army in disgust. doctor reported his problem. The mat- monthly pay to cover part of their "I really love my country and all that," ter went to a physical evaluation board mortgage or their car payment. "A lot he said. "I just didn't see spending and the next thing Fredenburgh knew of people are dependent on that another 15 years in," he said. he was told he would be medically money," he says. The economy may be able to absorb retired with 30 percent disability. In Reserve and Guard officers argue Please turn to page 57

28 THE AMERICAN LEGION VETERANS' ISSUES A VOTER'S GUIDE COMMANDER'S MESSAGE

SEVEN THREATS TO AMERICA'S VETERANS

wpKmagm IVE decades ago, we Also, the flag we served and fought H —Jm had a clear vision of under needs our help. Select candi- H H what America stood dates who will support legislation to H ^ai for. Today, many of us protect the U.S. Flag from physical H are less sure. desecration. H HHj Today, much of what By concentrating on the state level, H HH we fought for—and all the Legion is seeking memorializing we have earned as veter- resolutions from at least 38 states. H9E ans—is under attack. The With 26 already in our corner, our erosion of VA medical care, defense goal is well within reach. With 38 cuts, POW/MIAs, desecration of states behind it, a constitutional the U.S. Flag, foreign lobbyists, the amendment to protect the flag is made erosion of education benefits and ris- possible. ing postal rates are all threats that we Focus your attention on foreign lob- must confront. byists too. They are a danger to Fellow Legionnaires, now is the America's strength. Seek out candi- time to protect our country from a dates who are prepared to restrict for- cold when the whole world is sneez- mer high government officials from ing. And the good news is—each of us selling their influence to foreign gov- can do our part by voting. ernments. This election year, we have to let Let's protect American jobs and candidates for public office know that American workers. We should not VA health care is important, and that it hamper free trade, but we must make cannot be replaced by a national longer, as the Senate Select Committee business deals based on their value not last health-care system. Before they can on POW/MIA Affairs may be the on access which is bought and sold by earn our vote, they must demonstrate hope. The 102nd Congress will decide ex-government officials. their fate. an understanding of the realities of Finally, we need to fight for the sur- VA—that VA provides valuable, high- As you speak with candidates for vival of federally chartered veterans quality health care despite a woeful public office, ask them about national organizations such as The American lack of funding. security. What will they do to keep Legion. One of the greatest threats to No matter how a candidate speaks, America strong, when some 750,000 these groups—to us—is rising postal acts or looks, now is the time to GIs and Reservists are being separated rates. The magazine you are now read- choose elected officials based on their from the service by 1995? What will ing cost $180,000 to mail in 1970. commitment to high-quality medical they do for these men and women Today—nearly $5 million. care for veterans. when their jobs are eliminated? Veterans groups can do their duty What will they do to help more vet- only if they can communicate with erans gain access to VA medical treat- FIRST, we can encourage them to their members. Magazines and news- ment? Thousands of veterans are vote for the new GI Bill, supported letters are a vital link between veterans turned away every year. by The American Legion. Then we and help them launch volunteer efforts What will they do for homeless vet- should remind them that some 100,000 and programs for needy veterans, their erans? There are more than 250,000. men and women who served in Desert families and America's children. What will they do to help VA pay Storm will be looking for opportuni- The time has come for a discounted for better treatment? VA is saddled ties in a stagnant job market. Many postal rate for federally chartered vet- with a budget shortfall approaching $1 will want to attend school. erans groups because they never stop billion. Today's Montgomery GI Bill pro- serving their country. Legionnaires, We must work together to put peo- vides only 42 percent of the average for example, annually give some $56 ple who care about veterans into cost of 1990-91 state college tuition. million to charity and some 4.4 mil- office. They are our first line of Veterans from previous wars received lion hours of voluntary service. defense in the budget wars. education benefits that covered almost No one can repay veterans for their We must press Congress for a full 100 percent of their college costs. service. But remember, those you elect accounting of American POW/MIAs Shouldn't we give a new generation of are the guardians of what we fought from the Vietnam War. We can wait no veterans the same consideration? for. Choose them wisely.

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION J VOTER'S GUIDE

to pass memorializing resolutions to Background protect the flag. By passing such a res- Since 1971, Congress has provided olution, a state affirms its support for the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) with appropriate action in Congress. So far, postal rate subsidies for nonprofit 26 states have passed memorializing groups—including federally chartered resolutions, and the Legion's goal of veterans organizations such as The 38 is well within reach. By them- American Legion. selves, these resolutions cannot protect But Congress failed to keep pace the flag. However, with a sweeping with USPS' rising costs, and postal majority of states supporting a consti- rates for nonprofit groups began a tutional amendment to protect the flag, meteoric rise. legislation may be introduced. How It Affects You Position The Legion's Organizations like The American The American Legion believes that: Legion cannot continue to effectively • A constitutional amendment pro- communicate with their members if hibiting the desecration of the U.S. postal rates keep skyrocketing. Flag would not endanger our First Through subsidized rates, these Amendment rights of free speech. organizations have been able to pro- • The First Amendment clearly vide newsletters, bulletins and maga- protects freedom of speech, not zines that have helped coordinate pro- action. A protester is constitutionally jects for the public good—for your permitted to say whatever he wants The Issue benefit. but he should not be permitted to do Should a constitutional Legion efforts—not possible with- what he wants. amendment be enacted to out special mailings—help Legion- • Congress should adopt and ratify naires to annually donate some 4.4 protect the U.S. Flag from a narrowly drawn constitutional million hours of volunteer service and physical desecration? amendment conferring special protec- more than $56 million toward charities tive status to our flag. for handicapped children, disaster • All Americans should support relief and cancer research. memorializing resolutions that urge Background You cannot afford to lose the work congress to send a flag constitutional The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled of nonprofit groups like the Legion. amendment back to the states for rati- the Flag Protection Act of 1989 fication. unconstitutional because it restricted Pending Legislation the individual's right to free political The President's 1993 budget seeks expression. This means that anyone What To Ask Your only $122 million in congressional who desecrates the flag is protected Candidates subsidies for nonprofit groups. This under the First Amendment of the • Do you think that flag burning proposal falls far short of the $482 U.S. Constitution. should be a protected form of free million the Postal Service says it needs. A Gallup Poll commissioned by speech? Congress is not expected to offer The American Legion shows that three • Are you in favor of a constitution- significant relief either. However, a out of four Americans want a constitu- al amendment to protect our flag? proposal to give discounted rates to tional amendment that would outlaw federally veterans organiza- burning of the U.S. Flag. chartered tions is being discussed. How It Affects You Legion's Position When someone burns the flag, he is The The Legion supports a special, dis- desecrating not just the flag, but also the memory of our brave comrades counted postal rate for federally char- tered veterans organizations. who gave their lives defending those colors. The flag, more than any other symbol, represents what America What To Ask Your stands for. RATES Candidates To veterans who lost friends or were • Should federally chartered veter- maimed themselves, desecrating the ans organizations like The American flag is disrespectful, unpatriotic and The Issue Legion receive special consideration unconscionable. Should Congress subsidize for discounted postal rates, based on postal rates for federally their community service contribu- Pending Legislation chartered veterans organiza- tions? While there is no pending legisla- tions? • Will you vote for greater postal tion, the Legion is encouraging states subsidies for nonprofit groups?

AUGUST 1992 31 J VOTER'S GUIDE

Pending Legislation being held in Southeast Asia, accord- ing recent poll. Congress will be considering legis- to a CNN/Time It is feared that lation that will: increase education Vietnam may use benefits for veterans separated from our POW/MIAs as bargaining chips to the service; help the families of GIs win normalized relations with the States and to get to lift the and reservists who lose their jobs; and United us U.S. -led economic on assist homeless veterans. embargo com- munist Vietnam. The Legion's Position The U.S. government's dealings on the POW/MIA issue also call for close The Legion favors a well-trained, scrutiny. At the same time the oil pro- well-equipped professional standing ducing potential of Vietnam is being military, and a strong National Guard realized— 1.5 billion to 3 billion bar- and Reserve. The Legion supports this rels worth $3 billion per year over the Total Force Policy, which ensures that next 10 to 15 years—the United States no major military operation can be is moving rapidly towards normaliza- undertaken without calling the citizen- tion. soldier to duty. By involving citizen- In April 1991, the U.S. government soldiers, the American people and gave Vietnam "the road map," a plan their representatives in Congress will for re-establishing relations. Many fear have a definite role and voice in war- that the road map's vague language on making. A strong National Guard and POW/MIAs will preclude a full Reserve provide American communi- accounting. The Issue ties with a grass-roots connection to the defense of our country. How should America How It Affects You reduce its military forces To Ask Your If, in fact, America left men behind without endangering national What in Southeast Asia, how can we be sure security? What should Candidates that other Americans will not be aban- • Will the planned cuts of military America do for military per- doned in future wars? As veterans, we personnel and spending meet our know the importance of the battlefield sonnel whose jobs in the national security needs in the '90s? covenant: If you fight for your country, Armed Forces are being elim- • What should be done for the your country will not leave you inated? 750,000 GIs and reservists who will behind. This issue affects every lose their jobs by 1995? American. It defines the relationship between the citizen and his govern- Background ment, the warrior and his nation. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the U.S. government set in motion a POW Pending Legislation series of defense cuts that will remove Some in Congress plan to maintain some 750,000 GIs and reservists from the U.S. trade embargo against the U.S. Armed Forces by 1995. Vietnam, at least until the Senate While the Cold War is over, the pace Select Committee on POW/MIA and scope of these defense cuts, total- Affairs completes its investigation. ing over $44 billion by 1995, could The Senate Select Committee on endanger our national security. POW/MIA Affairs is interviewing for- mer military and intelligence officials former How It Affects You from the United States, the Soviet Union and Vietnam, and has As the Pentagon shuts down hun- fam- dreds of bases and separates thou- heard testimony from POW/MIA The Issue ilies forensics experts. sands of military personnel from the and the govern- In addition, the committee is exam- service, there are two dangers. Should U.S. ining classified U.S. government doc- Danger #1: A weak America. Our ment normalize relations uments relating to POW/MIAs. military forces will not be strong with Vietnam before our enough to defend our national and 2,266 POW/MIAs are economic interests on a global scale. accounted for? The Legion's Position Danger #2: Unemployment. Some According to Legion experts, the 925,000 veterans— including GIs, U.S. government should not normalize Guardsmen and reservists, those who relations with Vietnam until there is a work for the Defense Department and Background full accounting of our POW/MIAs. those who work in the defense indus- Seventy percent of the American And the Legion supports full disclo- try—will lose their jobs by 1995. people believe that U.S. POWs are still sure of all POW/MIA information.

32 THE AMERICAN LEGION The Legion has also taken the fol- Background 79 percent believed a Desert Storm GI lowing positions: Returning Desert Storm veterans Bill should be enacted and that it • should provide benefits equal to previ- An independent veterans' office have discovered that the current GI for ous GI Bills, regardless of cost. should be established in Hanoi Bill doesn't really cover education POW/MIA affairs; and costs in the 1990s. In fact, today's • responsibility for investigat- The Montgomery GI Bill provides only 42 What To Ask Your ing POW/MIA information and for percent of the average cost of a state Candidates identifying remains should be trans- college tuition in 1990-91. • Do you support a new GI Bill that ferred to organizations outside the To help a new generation of veter- would give Gulf War veterans compa- government and to those officials who ans pursue an education, the Legion rable benefits to those received by vet- can be held accountable. began developing a Desert Storm GI erans of previous wars? Bill of Rights, just as the Legion did • Do you believe National Guard What To Ask Your 48 years ago with the original GI Bill. and reservists called to active duty Candidates Largely the product of Legion efforts, during the Gulf War should be includ- • Under what circumstances do you the new GI Bill was introduced in the ed in such a GI Bill? believe we should normalize relations Senate as S. 2231, "The Desert Storm • Do you believe veterans who made with Vietnam and lift our economic Servicepersons' Readjustment Act of the peace dividend possible should be embargo? 1992." the first to benefit from it? • Would you declassify all of our Veterans from previous wars government's POW/MIA information received education benefits that cov- that would not endanger our national ered almost 100 percent of their col- security? lege costs. Many veterans who took • What would you do to make sure advantage of the original GI Bill grad- that our country never leaves POWs uated from college, increased their behind after a war? incomes and paid more taxes, thereby • How serious do you believe the making the GI Bill one of America's U.S. government has been in the hunt best investments. for our POW/MIAs? How It Affects You LOBBYISTS If the new GI Bill becomes law, it would increase the full-time GI Bill education assistance to $777 from $350 per month. In addition, the legis- The Issue lation would also eliminate the $1,200 How can the United States copayment now required if active duty better protect its interests personnel want to participate in the from foreign lobbyists? current Montgomery GI Bill. In addition, the new GI Bill would provide the same level of benefits for Reserve and National Guard members Background called to duty during the Gulf War. There are about 800 foreign lobby- Whether or not you are a Desert ists registered in the United States. Since the Storm veteran, it is in your interest to these lobbyists promote NEW have a new generation of veterans interests of other nations, their actions make a successful transition to a pro- don't always serve America's best ductive civilian occupation. interests. Many of these lobbyists were once Pending Legislation part of the U.S. government—sena- tors, congressmen, cabinet officers and S. 2231, "The Desert Storm Service- GI BILL other high-ranking officials—and are persons' Readjustment Act of 1992." experienced at manipulating the At press time, bill not a House had yet bureaucracy. been introduced. The Issue How It Affects You Should Congress pass a The Legion's Position America continues to lose jobs to new GI Bill that gives Desert The Legion supports the new GI foreign firms whose influential lobby- Storm veterans education Bill. ists manipulate our system and secure benefits comparable to what A November 1991 Gallup Poll com- legislation resulting in unfair trade other wartime veterans missioned by The American Legion practices. received? revealed that America also favors help- For example, Japan's high-powered ing Desert Storm veterans. In the poll, lobbyists here were successful in hav-

AUGUST 1992 33 J VOTER'S GUIDE

ing light Japanese trucks classified as What To Ask Your The American Legion estimates that cars for U.S. import so they would Candidates the VA budget for health care is at receive lower tariffs. least $1 billion less than needed • Will you help enact stronger laws to Once the trucks reached U.S. soil, maintain current services. governing foreign lobbyists in the however, the same lobbyists were able United States? to get them reclassified as light trucks • When a foreign nation restricts again so they would not have to meet How It Affects You U.S. lobbying efforts in that country, the higher mileage and emission con- • Many veterans have been forced will you support the same restrictions trol standards of cars. Through this out of the system and many are being on foreign lobbying efforts in the sleight of hand, Japan was able to gain denied treatment. United States? an unfair advantage in the American • Staffing problems within VA hos- • Should former members of Con- light-truck market. pitals and clinics are affecting the gress who become lobbyists re- The political acumen and flexibility timeliness and quality of health care. tain their floor privileges on Capitol of foreign lobbyists were also credited " • Because of a serious Hill? lack of com- with the People's Republic of China munication and understaffing within retaining its most-favored-nation sta- the claims system, veterans can expect tus with the United States. Renewing long delays in processing their claims. the status means billions of dollars a • Veterans and their families who year in U.S. trade for the Chinese. count on VA are finding a shortage of nursing homes and domiciliaries. Pending Legislation • The ranks of homeless veterans S. 2279, the Lobbying Disclosure are growing, and currently VA only Act of 1992, was introduced by has programs for them in 26 states. Senator Carl Levin of Michigan. The • Disabled veterans seeking mean- bill would replace several ineffective ingful employment are faced with laws with a unified law specifying dis- fewer training and rehabilitation pro- closure standards for paid foreign and grams. There are also dwindling num- domestic lobbyists of the legislative or bers of employment specialists. executive branches. S. 2279 would require the registra- Pending Legislation tion of all professional lobbyists, Congress is considering: doing establish more meaningful reporting away with VA health care in favor of requirements and create a centralized national health care; increasing the system to enhance enforcement. compensation for veterans' survivors and dependents; providing full com- The Legion's Position pensation payments to veterans under- The Legion is urging Congress to going rehabilitation in VA and VA- pass a single comprehensive bill that supported state nursing homes; elimi- would control influence peddling. S. nating the $2 copayment for VA pre- 2279 is a good first step in reforming scriptions; and creating uniform eligi- the current, ineffective system, but bility standards for VA treatment. there also needs to be: • Complete and accurate disclosure The Issue requirements for all foreign and U.S. The Legion's Position To what extent are the lobbyists; The Legion opposes melding VA • Post-employment restrictions for needs of America's veterans health care into a national health-care former members of the executive and being met today? system, and is against VA hospitals legislative branches; treating non-veterans, as proposed in • Restrictions on floor privileges in the Rural Health Care Initiative. Congress for former members who Background become either foreign or lobby- U.S. There was a time when VA could What To Ask Your ists; treat any veteran who needed medical • A system that ensures U.S. lobby- care. Those days are gone. Candidates ists in other countries receive access Today, these are the rules of the • Do you think the United States is equivalent to foreign lobbyists in the game: Veterans with nonservice-con- doing enough for veterans who need United States; nected medical problems can no VA medical treatment? • Favorable consideration for for- longer get VA treatment; eligible, ser- • Many veterans are no longer eligi- eign governments that grant reciprocal vice-connected veterans now face long ble for VA medical care. Should this be privileges to American lobbyists; and delays for VA medical care; and some changed? • A federal government office to service-connected veterans are being • Should VA be replaced with a administer rules for foreign lobbyists. denied VA treatment as well. national health-care system?

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION SENDING A MESSAGE TO

How To Contact A Candidates' Night: Elected Officials What Your Post Can Do LECTED OFFICIALS f3 OR MANY veterans, cannot afford to ignore every four years, one of the wishes of their con- their biggest decisions is stituents. They may not who to vote for. How do F determine what can- E always agree with what we they hear, but if enough voters write or didate will represent us the best? TV call, they will usually give their con- interviews, and newspaper and maga- ' • 'i 1 stituents what they want. zine articles don't always tell us where « A recent example of the people's / f I candidates stand on issues that con- power was the proposed Rural Health / cern veterans. Care Initiative (RHCI), which would Here's where Posts can make a dif- have allowed civilians to be treated in Honorable (name) ference and provide their members and VA medical centers. U.S. Senate their communities with an invaluable National Commander Dominic D. Washington, DC 20510-4703 service. A Post can be ideal place to DiFrancesco credits Legionnaires with Capital Switchboard: hold a candidates' night. the demise of the RHCI. It was the (202) 224-3121 There is no substitute for seeing thousands of letters, cards and tele- candidates in person and being able to phone calls to their senators and con- Honorable (name) ask where they stand on the issues that gressmen that turned the tide, he said. U.S. House of Representatives concern you. The VA-proposed initiative was Washington, DC 20515-1101 There is one important thing to resoundly defeated in Congress. Capital Switchboard: keep in mind, however: The American "The secretary [Edward J. (202) 225-3121 Legion is a nonpartisan organization Derwinski] didn't listen to us," says and can neither engage in partisan pol- DiFrancesco, "but the Senate heard Writing An itics nor promote the candidacy of any our strong, unified voices and sent a person for public office. Volunteers

clear signal to Derwinski that it's time Effective Letter also must not wear campaign buttons for him to get in tune with the wants RITING TO your sena- or make their personal views about and needs of the people he is sworn to tor or congressman can candidates known during the meeting. serve." help; it's been proved Here are some tips on sponsoring a As a veteran and an American citi- many times. By follow- candidates' night: zen, you should not hesitate to let your ing a few simple guide- • Appoint a committee well in elected representatives know where lines, you may be surprised at the advance to plan the event. stand. you results your letter will bring. As a gen- • Ensure all candidates are invited, If are not sure you who your repre- eral rule, you should: not just one candidate or party. sentatives are, call your local voters • Make sure the congressman's • The event must not be conducted registration office or library. name is spelled correctly. Nothing at a regularly scheduled Post meeting, Finding the addresses of your sena- turns people off quicker that having and the public should be invited. tors or congressmen is as easy as their name misspelled. • If you decide to hold a candi- opening your telephone book and • Write a positive letter; attack the dates' night, it is helpful to enlist the turning to the blue pages. They are issues, not the congressman. aid of an outside organization. The listed by the district they represent. • Be concise, be logical, don't ram- Legion can sponsor the event, but a Candidates seeking election usually ble. nonpartisan, mutually-agreed-upon open temporary offices in major cities • Be reasonable. Form your argu- moderator is best to conduct the event. in each state. Your telephone operator ments with his or her position in mind. For more information on setting up should have that information. • Be sure of your facts. a candidates' night, contact Ronald A. If you want to contact your senator • Finally, be courteous. A letter Engel, National Headquarters, Amer- or congressman in Washington, all you that persuades someone to see it your icanism and Children & Youth Divi- need are the following addresses and way may get more results than a sion, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN phone numbers: demanding or threatening one. 46206, or call (317) 635-8411.

AUGUST 1992 35 The American Legion National Headquarters P.O. Box 1055 Indianapolis, IN 46206 (317) 635-8411

For more information on the following issues, contact the

appropriate division at the addresses listed below:

Foreign Lobbyists; Defense; POW/MIAs. National Security/Foreign Relations Division The American Legion

1608 K Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20006-2847

(202) 861-2700

U.S. Flag; New GI Bill; Postal Rates.

Legislative Division The American Legion

1608 K Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20006-2847 (202) 861-2700

VA Health Care

Veterans Affairs and Rehabilitation Division The American Legion

1608K Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20006-2847 (202) 861-2700

For information on other veterans' issues, please contact the Public Relations Division

at National Headquarters.

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION —

PUSH-UP PUNISHMENT As part of a controversial corrections experiment, prisons like Ohio's Camp REAMS enforce imme- diate and often harsh punishment for infractions. Above, Lt. Jerry McCall instructs a new prisoner on push-up technique.

T WAS Monte Patton's nightmare. He sat cringing, tattooed arms at his sides, while two

men in black shouted in his face. The lanky 22-year old was about to suffer his first prison

haircut, and guards had been yelling, cursing and shoving him and nine others for almost

three hours. He was wearing down. "Prisoner!" a guard screamed an inch from his

face. "WHAT DID YOU DO TO GET HERE?" By now he had learned how to address

these authorities: with great courtesy. "Sir, I stole a car, sir." "Real nice!" the man

growled, pressing a stiff hat brim to Patton's head. "You come by my house, maggot, and

steal my car!" As the guard sheared off his blond locks and shouted more high-decibel

intimidation, tears streamed down the youth's cheeks. Maj. Ralph E. Coyle, the prison

By Frank Bentayou

37 — — —

HANDS ON Sgt. Clarence McClain tosses a prisoner to Lt. Darrell Cunningham. CLOSE SHAVE Sgt. Gerald Griffith ar

and county systems, and even the fed- prison reform activist. Miller, who eral government have joined in. But heads the Virginia-based non-profit PRISON Bill CUHPS the boom in new facilities also has Center for Institutions and Alter- brought a windstorm of controversy as natives, calls boot camps "just a commander, clutched the front of critics decry what they consider the corrections fad." Patton's orange jump suit and, for the flaws of shock incarceration. If so, they're a fad that's caught on first time this morning, softened his The most common criticism is that, big. With at least 3,300 inmates under voice. despite the boot camps' popularity, no lock and key — 1,500 in New York, "Son," he said, "it's different here one has shown firmly that their alumni alone—and more than 21,000 alumni, from other prisons. We can get you on are any less likely than other ex-cons the right track, but you gotta put out to return to crime. Critics also dispute 100 percent." claims the camps save taxpayers He was right about one thing; Ohio's money, a prime selling point in tight Camp REAMS is different. Along budget times. with 33 other shock prisons, REAMS Also, there is concern that, with all (an acronym for Respect, Education, their violent harassment, the camps Attitude, Motivation, and Success), is might be powder kegs in which volatile part of a controversial corrections young inmates could explode at any experiment launched in 1983 to turn provocation and cause injury, a killing, selected young felons from crime. even a riot. Instead of serving up to three years Federally financed research initiat- in a penitentiary, they endure three ed this year may provide some answers months of hellish boot-camp discipline, in coming months, particularly to nuts then move to a halfway house and and bolts questions of how shock sys- eventually parole. The hope is they'll tems should be structured. But in spite ease back into society with improved of the criticism and uncertainty about behavior and a new set of attitudes. the effectiveness of prison boot camps, The approach, a merging of Marine state and local jurisdictions plan to Corps basic training and old-style establish 10 more such camps in the chain gangs, has become so popular coming year. that 24 state prison systems, six city Fueling the dispute is the public's attraction to violence and discipline. Free-lance writer Frank Bentayou's Images of young cons busting rocks CLEAN CUT Camp REAMS is run articles have appeared in Forbes and and groveling before tough D.I.s like a Marine boot camp. Above, Lt. magazines, others. great TV, but lousy corrections Omni among He "make Freddie Morgan shaves a prisoner. lives in Ohio. policy," says Jerome G. Miller, a

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION —

r. Cunningham teach military hygiene. IN YOUR FACE Maj. Ralph Coyle explains Camp REAMS rules to an inmate.

including women and juveniles, sup- is that they're tired of hearing about Tim Jones, an Ohio parole officer g porters consider the movement a cor- criminals getting easy time." based in Dayton, says he recently » rections revolution. But, do boot-camp alumni leave the supervised a young REAMS graduate I

Corrections could use a revolution. stir less likely to return to crime than who is already back in jail. "The local % There is wide recognition of the futili- those suffer traditional prisons? police in a crack house," who found him § ty of locking prisoners like Patton There is still clear answer. says. no Even Jones | away in dungeons like Ohio's South- Coyle, a 32-year-old veteran of the But he considers his boot camp | east Correctional Institution, a grim Ohio Department of Probation "clients," as he calls them, far less and § fortress on whose grounds Camp Correction, admits, "We really don't threatening, and more compliant than ? REAMS stands. Southeast holds 1,600 have a handle on recidivism yet." Please turn to page 52 hard cases who mostly spend days working on tattoos when they aren't pumping iron or inflicting anguish on one another. THE SMELL OF FEAR With little emphasis on rehabilita- tion, more than 40 percent of impris- VISIT a prison boot camp, and er!" And the dread and frequent: oned felons in the United States there's a distinctive odor in the "Prisoner, give me 20!" At that, an

become repeat offenders, often com- air. At first it's hard to identify, but inmate immediately drops to push- mitting more violent crimes. it's strong and almost always pre- up position and sounds off: "Sir,

For years, reformers have searched sent. one, sir. Sir, two, sir. Sir, three, sir!" for ways to help young law breakers There's a distinctive background "We don't really talk to them," develop discipline, respect and charac- noise, too, a sort of disciplined cho- Sgt. J. A. Scudder says, with a ter—qualities in short supply at regu- rus of young men's voices. "Sir, yes, laugh. "We yell." Ravages to the lar prisons. Boot camps like REAMS sir!" "Sir, no, sir!" "Sir, excuse me, voice box are the drill instructors' confront inmates with a wholly differ- sir." The rhythmic lyrics echo con- main occupational hazard. "Some- ent scene. They spend days laboring, stantly through the main hall of times you go home, and you can't attending classes and learning to prac- Camp REAMS in Ohio. even talk to your family," Maj. tice uncommon courtesy. Through the din weaves a Ralph Coyle, camp commander, Punishment for infractions is imme- counter-beat —the barked com- says. "You left your voice at work!" diate and often harsh—confinement, mands of guards. Their voices may The only salvation is pale green ridicule, calisthenics, sometimes phys- be high or low, but they're often mentholated cough drops. Guards ical abuse. To the public, the aim of menacing and always emphatic. keep them in their pockets and pop achieving rehabilitation in the midst of "Prisoner! Clean up that mess! them by the score. such tough conditions is an appealing Now!" "What're you waitin' for, That, of course, accounts for the goal. As Maj. Coyle says, "The main maggot?" "Get a move on, prison- distinctive odor.—F.B. reason people get behind this approach

AUGUST 1992 39 — —

Veterans update

HFRANCESCO CALLS FOR IMMEDIATE POW PROBE

E HAVE got to immedi- USSR. The commission is assigned secretly interrogated and imprisoned ately investigate Presi- responsibility for probing the American POWs well before Vietnam. dent Yeltsin's assertion POW/MIA issue as it relates to "Regrettably, one has to note that that there could be live Moscow. during the World War II years, 716 w American POWs in the Why were American POWs from U.S. servicemen were interned on the former Soviet Union," said Legion the Vietnam War transported to the USSR territory," Yeltsin said in the let- Nat'l Cmdr. Dominic D. DiFrancesco. Soviet Union? ter. He added that the Soviets knew of "If they are alive, let's bring them During the Vietnam War, the 510 American POWs from the Korean home. If they're not, we must repatri- Soviets supplied Hanoi with their best War and had "interrogation materials ate their remains." anti-aircraft missile, the SAM-2. for 59 of them." It is unclear if U.S. DiFrancesco was responding to Ineffective against American air POWs from Korea were taken to the comments made by Russian President attacks, the missile shot down U.S. USSR. Boris N. Yeltsin during a recent trip to planes only 5 percent of the time. Twelve other U.S. pilots shot down the United States. Yeltsin said that The Soviets wanted to interrogate in the 1950s were also put in Soviet American POWs from the Vietnam captured U.S. pilots so they could prisons and psychiatric clinics, accord- War "were transferred to the former learn how U.S. planes were evading ing to Yeltsin. USSR, and kept in labor camps. the SAM-2 missiles, said retired Air "Our investigation of Yeltsin's reve- "We don't have complete data," Force Master Sgt. Jerry Mooney, a lations will not be complete unless we Yeltsin said, "and can only surmise National Security Agency code-break- ask ourselves why our own govern- that some of them may still be alive." er and analyst during the Vietnam War. ment failed to bring these men home," At press time, the Joint U.S.- According to a letter Yeltsin sent to DiFrancesco said. "We have got to Russia Commission was conducting the Senate Select Committee on make sure something like this never POW/MIA searches in the former POW/MIA Affairs, the USSR had never—happens again."

New Dioxin Dangers dioxin through Agent Orange. completed, the VA outpatient clinic in However, holds the view that Dioxin causes cancer, suppresses VA downtown Orlando will close. with a few exceptions Agent Orange The Navy has expressed interest in the body's natural resistance to disease — did not cause birth defects, a wide VA sharing the medical center with the and causes birth defects, according to variety of cancers or other diseases. Orlando Naval Training Center. a newly released Environmental When asked about VA's reaction to Protection Agency (EPA) study. This the EPA's findings, a VA spokesman marks the first time a federal agency More Cemeteries Planned told The American Legion magazine, has confirmed the carcinogenic affects If the National Cemetery System has "We have no response and do not plan Dioxin is the contaminant of dioxin. its way, it is likely that by the year 2000 to make one." found in herbicides and defoliants you will have a national or state veter- such as Agent Orange, which was used ans cemetery within 75 miles of your during the Vietnam War. Florida VA To Grow home. Cancer and birth defects may not be Florida veterans will be getting more "Our 75/75 plan wants to place 75 the worst risks from exposure to diox- VA medical facilities by the end of the percent of the nation's veterans within in. EPA studies indicate dioxin affects decade. After a study indicated that VA 75 miles of a veterans cemetery by the the human immunosystem, surpress- is underserving Florida, VA Secretary end of the century," says Bill Jayne of ing the body's natural resistance to Edward J. Derwinski announced plans the National Cemetery System. disease. to build a 470-bed medical facility and In line with that plan, the San Joaquin EPA did not include veterans in its a 120-bed nursing home near Orlando. Valley National Cemetery opened in study of dioxin-related health prob- A second 120-bed nursing home with a California June 5, 1992, coinciding with lems and this prompted the Legion to full-service outpatient clinic will be the 50th anniversary of the Battle of ask why they failed to do so. Also, the built near Melbourne. Midway. The 322-acre facility near Santa Legion has requested that any future Construction funds will be requested Nella provides more than 23,000 grave- research include veterans exposed to for the fiscal year 1994 VA budget. If sites for northern California veterans. Agent Orange. EPA has not yet Congress approves the request, the Other regions under consideration responded to the Legion's concerns. facilities will be built by 1999 at an for cemeteries include northeastern Both the Legion and the Depart- estimated cost of $214 million. The Illinois, Miami, northeastern Ohio, ment of Veterans Affairs (VA) agree hospital, two nursing homes and the Detroit, western Pennsylvania, Dallas/ that as many as 2.5 million Vietnam outpatient clinic will employ 2,000 Fort Worth, Seattle, Albany, N.Y., and veterans may have been exposed to people. When the medical center is Oklahoma City.

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION Amazing New Product Gives Crisp.Clear TV Reception WITHOUT Cable! Until recently, the only con- venient way to guarantee great TV reception was to get cable installed. But who wants to pay those irritating monthly cable fees just to get clear reception? Now, thanks to years of micro- electronic research, a new device has been developed that's so ad- vanced it actually makes other antennas a thing of the past. It's called the SWEDA™ Power

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Legionnaires

In Action Post 368 of Hampton, Va. purchased and installed a

hydraulic swimming pool lift in the Newport News Boys and Girls Club for wheelchair- bound persons. Tuning in memories of World War II, Post 2 of New- ton, Kan., invites Legion- naires to see their WWII-era piano. The piano, used in USO shows, is covered with signatures of WWII GIs. Post 563 of Dowagiac, Mich., bestowed a "medal of valor" to Robert L. Pellow for risking his life to save a man and a boy from drowning. Despite a heart condition, KOREAN WAR MEMORIAL Pellow helped the man and Rep. G. V. "Sonny" Montgomery, Nat'l Cmdr. Dominic D. DiFran- boy from Indian Lake after cesco and Past National Comman- their boat sank. der John P. Comer participated in Collecting aluminum pull the Korean War Memorial ground- tabs has added up to about on June 14. The memori- breaking $2,100 worth of medical al's dedication will be July 27, equipment because of the 1993, the 40th anniversary of the efforts of Korean War cease fire. Post 208 of Wyom- ing, Mich. So far, Post 208 has been able to buy about a dozen machines for local medical facilities. Legion Advises Parties' Platform Committees Wayne and Cinda Glasgon were installed as the first HE American In May, a Legion repre- • increase restrictions on father-daughter Commander Legion has sentative presented a similar foreign lobbyists operating and President of Iroquois I urged both the statement to the Democratic in the United States. County, 111., American Republican and Platform Committee on • obtain a full accounting Legion. Wayne is a member Democratic behalf of the National of U.S. POW/MIAs. of Post 393 and Cinda is a parties to consider veterans' Commander. • withhold economic and member of Post 393 Auxiliary. needs when they adopt the The Legion has urged diplomatic cooperation from Department of Virginia planks of their 1992 cam- both parties to: Vietnam until the POW/ NECman Edwin Dentz spoke paign platforms. • provide full funding to MIA issue is resolved. at the 70th anniversary cele- National Commander Do- VA. • maintain a Total Force bration of Post 137 of Rich- minic D. DiFrancesco told • restructure VA eligibili- Policy for national defense, mond, Va. Also present was the Republican Platform ty requirements to allow all and avoid excessive cuts in 96-year-old past Post Com- Committee in June that the service-connected disabled active-duty and reserve mander LeRoy Hutzler. Department of Veterans Af- and low-income veterans to forces. Post 259 of Paradise, fairs (VA) should increase receive care. • subsidize and control Calif., played sweet music

its services to America's • allow VA to accept non-profit postal rates for when it sponsored the Para- veterans. DiFrancesco also Medicare money for treating groups that can document dise Area Arts Council Music presented the Legion's veterans. their community service. Festival. From refreshments stance on U.S. foreign poli- • provide an adequate GI • adopt a constitutional to finances, Post 259 Legion- cy, military strength and Bill to Desert Storm veter- amendment to protect the naires helped make the festi- other areas of concern. ans. U.S. Flag. val a fine-tuned success.

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION — LEGION NEWS

flag update kgjm World Series tile 01 ESPN HE American Legion con- OR the fifth in The American Legion American League Baseball. tinues to press consecutive World Series double-elimi- Since 1987, Gatorade has state legisla- year, ESPN nation tournament, which awarded $60,000 in scholar- tures to adopt will televise begins Aug. 26. The cham- ships to the outstanding memorializing resolutions to F the final pionship games is set for players in game regional and protect the U.S. Flag from of The American Legion Aug. 30. World Series play. Each desecration. At press time, World Series. ESPN will The Legion Baseball sea- year, Gatorade awards 26 states had passed memo- show the game in a tape- son started in June with $1,000 scholarships to the rializing resolutions. delay broadcast on Tuesday, about 4,200 teams compet- most valuable players in Write or call your state Sept. 1 at 1 p.m. Eastern ing for a chance to go to the each of the eight regional representatives and tell them Time. World Series in Fargo, N.D. tournaments and a $2,000 you want a resolution to pro- One team from each of More than 60 percent of scholarship to The Ameri- tect the flag. the eight Legion Baseball today's Major League Base- can Legion Baseball Player ball Massed regions will be competing players have played of the Year. memorializing STATES resolutions to protect the flag Alabama V Arizona Arkansas V Parade Kicks Off Chicago Convention California V Colorado V Connecticut N SUNDAY, LAND OF LINCOLN To Delaware V AUG. 23, at commemorate the 74th Florida V 2 p.m. sharp, National Convention in Georgia V Chicago, Aug 21-27, drums will roll Hawaii National Emblem Sales Idaho o and the sounds is offering this Abraham Indiana V of brass will echo up and Lincoln collectors Iowa Kansas down the corridors of Chi- decanter. No more than Kentucky cago's major thoroughfares. 3,000 will be produced. To order the decanter, Louisiana V That's when 10,000 Legion- Maine V send $29.95, plus $4 naires parade down Chicago Maryland shipping and handling, Massachusetts streets in a rousing prelude to National Emblem Michigan to the 74th Annual Ameri- Sales, Convention Minnesota can Legion Convention. Decanter, Order # 76150, Mississippi V P.O. Box 1050, Missouri V The parade begins at Indianapolis, IN 46206 Montana V Dearborn Street, just north Nebraska Nevada V of Congress and Van Buren, New Hampshire V travels north to Wacker New Jersey Drive, then turns east, end- New Mexico New York ing at Wacker Drive and North Carolina State Street. North Dakota V In addition to Legion- Ohio V Oklahoma naires, the parade will in- Oregon clude marching bands from Pennsylvania V the Great Lakes Naval Color Guard competition sion will represent the Rhode Island Training Center and a U.S. begins at 8 a.m. in the Hyatt National Commander at South Carolina V South Dakota V Army marching band. Regency Ballroom and the official functions in 1993. Tennessee V Legionnaire fans of band Concert Band competition Admission is free to both Texas V music and precision drill takes place at 1 p.m. in the events. Utah V Vermont teams will enjoy The Regency's Grand Ballroom. The convention will be Virginia V American Legion Senior The Color Guard contest held Aug. 21-27. Special Washington tour will avail- West Virginia Color Guard and the Legion has two categories—mili- packages be Wisconsin V Concert Band contests tary and free-style—and the able for Legionnaires inter- Wyoming V Saturday, Aug. 22. The winner of the military divi- ested in seeing Chicago.

AUGUST 1992 43 7 5 3 4 1 3 8 99 2 17 7 **VETS**

106th F.A. Vets Assn.(27th Inf.Div.WWI 400th AAA (AW) Bn., A/B/C/D Btrys. & & WWII) 1 6597 HQ 16474 HOW TO USE VETS 106th Station Hospital 16288 411th Inf., 103rd Div., A Co. - (WWII) 108th Inf., K Co. - (WWII) 15356 10627 108th Inf. Rgt., 40th Div. Co. B, WWII 423rd Medical Collecting Co. (Europe, This month there are operators may still be able 15488 WWII) 21059

730 military reunions to provide you with infor- 1 08th Inf., F Co. - (WWII) 1 6022 424th FA Bn.- (Korea) 1561 109th Inf. Rgt., 28th Div. 10455 431st Sig. Bn., Co's A, B, & listed on these pages. How- mation. Many units are HQ (WWII) 1 1 0th Evac. Hosp. (ETO) 2251 20787 ever, VETS has informa- enrolling daily in VETS. 1 1 2th Evac. Hospital - (WWII) 1 041 432nd AAA, Btry.B, WWII 21324 122nd Signal Radio Intell. Co. 10381 438th AAA tion on more than 7,000 Operators are on call AW Bn 15071 1 24th Arm'd Engr. Bn., 1 3th Arm'd Div., 440th, 465th, & 472nd Signal Heavy other reunions. For infor- Monday through Friday HQ Co. 15694 Const. Bn.;(1942-Presen t)lnc AF 124th Cav. Assn. (56th Cav. Brgd.) 10154 mation on reunions for any from 1 p.m. to 9 p.m. 15479 445th Ord. Ammo Co. 1 1 254 military unit or ship, call Eastern Daylight Time; 126th Inf. Rgt. 16578 449th AAA AW Bn., B Btry. 10825 1 33rd Inf., 34th Div., C Co. 1 5290 457th Eng. Depot Co.(WWII) from noon to 8 p.m. Cen- 20633 135th AAA Gun Bn. 20630 461 st AAA AW Bn., HQ Btry. & Medics - (900)737-VETS tral Daylight Time; from 137th Ord. (HMFA) Co. 10677 WWI1 11 002 138th Engr. (C) Bn. 10347 (900) 737-8387 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. Moun- 463rd Ord. Evac. Co. 21307 140th Inf., 35th Inf. Div., (Anti-Tank) 464th Engr.Depot Co. 21051 If you know the VETS tain Daylight Time; and 16322 465th FA Bn.,(ND Reserves); Camp 147th Inf., K Co. 20100 McCoy.Germany five-digit number as- from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. 10909 148th General Hospital - (Hawaii/ 465th FA Bn., A/B, Hvy. Arty. - (WWII) signed to the ship or unit, Pacific Daylight Time. Saipan) 10079 10447 148th General Hospital 20104 472nd AAA Bn. 11250 please give it to the opera- Phone calls cost $1 .95 per 148th Inf., 37th Div., A Co. 1 0229 476th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) 1 5222

tor. The number is printed minute, and the average 148th Inf., 37th Div., Co. D 20743 482nd Med. Coll. Co. (Sep) 1 521 148th Ord. M.V.A. Co. - (WWII) 1 5775 496th Arm'd FA Bn. - (WWII), Camp immediately after unit call takes minutes or the two - 1 48th Station Hospital (WWII) 1 0997 Beale,CA-Camp BowieJX 1 0920

in the magazine. If you less. Proceeds help sup- 149th Combat Engrs. 20662 503rd MP Bn.,3rd Army WWI1 1 5377

150th Inf. Rgt. 10564 504th AAA Gun Bn. - 1 don't know the VETS port various veterans' and (WWII) 0872 160th Inf.Rgt., 40th Div., Mortar Co (H) 505th MP Bn. -(WWII) 16417 number or haven't seen children's programs and 16411 507th Parachute Inf. Rgt. Assn. 10294 160th Inf., 40th Inf. Div., C Co., WWII the ship or unit listed in services sponsored by The 508th Parachute Inf. Rgt. (WWII) 1 6697 14056 515th FA Bn., 411th Grp., 7th Army the magazine, VETS American Legion. 161st F.A., 2nd Bn., HQ Btry./209th F.A. 20101 Bn., HQ Btry. 15891 518th AAAGun Bn. 10891 164th Inf. Assn. 10708 51 9th Ord.(HM) Co.FA (1 942-45) 20732 173rd FA Grp. 20694 532nd EB&SR 16401 178th F.A., 13th Brigade Support Gp. 32nd Div., Red Arrow Club Of Southern 533rd E.B. & S.R., F Co. 1 1 006 20876 Wisconsin 20677 534th AAA Bn., B Btry. 1 0363 1 87th Para-Glider Inf., 1 1 th A/B Div., E OUTFIT 32nd General Hospital - (WWII) 1 1 140 537th Engr. (LP) Co. WWI1 1 6091 Co. 16381 32nd Signal Const. Bn. - (WWII) 1 6660 540th Engr.Rgt. 20766 188th Combat Engr. Bn. 14239 REUNIONS 35th Field Hospital 16324 551 st AAA Bn. (WWII) 1 6307 192nd General Hospital 1 1 122 35th Inf., 25th Div., Co. L 10864 551st FA Bn, HQ Btry 2221 193rd Gen. Hospital 20180 Reunion coordinators can enroll their 36th Div. Assn. 16512 557th FA Bn. WWI1 10569 1 94th General Hospital (WWII) 2061 units in VETS by sending a self- 36th Engr. Rgt. (C) - (WWII) 1 6469 559th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) 1 6555 addressed, stamped envelope to VETS, 36th Station Hospital NP; (WWII Eng- 204th FA Bn. 10277 563rd Amb.Co. Mtr. 20659 204th Hospital - P.O. Box 10088, Columbia, MO 65205- land) 20567 Gen. (WWII) 22373 573rd AAA AW Bn. (WWII) 1 573 - 209th F.A., 161st Rgt., 2nd Bn. Hq Btry. Bn., 1 4000. Unit names may be published two 37th Ord. Co. (WWII) 1 0029 578th Engr. (C) 40th Inf. Div. 5575 times per unit per year, upon request. 41st Inf. Div. Assn. 15766 20701 583rd Ambulance Co., (WWII) 21 225 44th Cav. Recon. Trp. 15293 21 6th Chemical Service Co 1 6583 593rd EB&SR, A Co. 10128 222nd F.A. Bn., Div., Btry. 1 41 1 44th Div. Signal Co. 1 0936 40th C 604th Ord. Bn. (WWII) 221 86 45th Inf. Div., 275th Inf. Rgt. 16206 224th Airborne Med. Co., 17th A/B Div. 606th TD Bn. 15349 Army 47th General Hospital - (New Guinea) 15294 613th Engr. Light Equip. Co. 1 5825 10686 232nd Signal Oper. Co. 15946 625th Engr., L.E. Co. 11060

48th General Hospital - (WWII) 1 5454 237th Engr. Combat Bn. 1 5728 627th Medical Clearing Co. 15994 1st Bn., 303rd Inf., 97th Div., HQ Co. 52nd FA Bn. 20980 239th Combat Engrs. Bn. 10986 631stTD Bn. 10667 10285 52nd Medical Bn. - (WWII) 1 5583 243rd F.A. Bn. Assn. 1 6564 632nd TD Bn., Recon Co. 1 561 1st Special Serv. Force ABN. 16100 55th FA Bn.- (WWII) 11 024 253rd Inf Rgt, 63rd Div, F Co. (WWII) 643rdTank Destroyer Vets Assn. 15820 3rd Cav. Grp., 3rd & 43rd Recon. Sq. 56th FA Bn.,8th Inf.Div.(WWII) 20792 650th TOPO Engr. Bn. 22266 20981 58th Ord. Ammo Co. - (Korea) 1950-52 260th CA AA, DCNG - (& later 652nd Eng. Bn. (Topo) 22929

3rd FA Observation Bn. 1 5506 10700 units, WWII & Korea) 1 1 064 684th Ord. Am. Co.(Ammo Joe) 20725 - 3rd/6th Army HQ 10976 60th Combat Engr. Bn. Assn. 1 661 264th Ord. Co. (MM) 18483 712th Railroad Oper. Bn. (WWII & 4th Major Port WWII 20587 60th General Hospital WWII 20062 265th FA Bn., A Btry. 16541 Korea) 15463 7th Evac. Hosp.(S. Pacific) 20890 62nd AA, Btry C (WWII) 1 0590 266th FA Bn. WWII 2201 71 2th Tank Bn. 15590 71 3th (WWII) 10020 8th Div. Arty. - (1956-59) 1 5498 66th Topo Engr. Co. -(1951 -54) 15724 279th Ord. Maint. AA Co.WWI1 1 4140 MP Bn.- 718th Amphib. Tractor Bn. 16167 8th Inf. Rgt., 4th Inf. Div. (1951-52) 67th AAA Gun Bn., C Btry. 1 4147 285th Engr. (C) Bn. - (WWII) 10302 22005 67th Signal Bn., WWII (1943-46) 20632 287th Signal Co. 21301 725th/791 st MP Bns. - (WWII) 1 6330 9th Ord. Bn. Special Weapons 68th Signal Battalion 15447 735th Military Police Bn. 16676 Support 291 st Engr. (C) Bn. - (WWII) 1 0883 15585 70th Div.Assn (Rhineland. Ardennes- 292nd JASCO 20614 738th (M) Tank Bn.(SP) 1 5240 742nd MP Assn. 16367 9th Rgt., 2nd Div., A & C Co. (WWII) Alsace, Central Europe ) 20862 296th Eng.(C) Bn. 20672 15799 71 st Infantry Div. 11427 746th AAA Gun Bn., A/B/C/D/HQ - 301st Signal Photo Co. 14259 11th F.A. Bn., 24th Inf. Div., (All 73rd FA Bn, 9th Arm'd Div (WWII) 1 6375 (WWII) 16627 Bat- 309th Ordnance (MM) Co. 20796 terys)21013 77th Evac. Hospital 15615 751 st Tank Bn. 10304 310th Medical Bn., 85th Div., B Co. 754th FA Bn. 11056 13th Arm'd Division Assn. 1 0409 78th AFA Bn., 2nd Arm'd Div., C Btry. 21660 13th FA Bn. 10307 756th FABn. Assn. WWII/Korea 16132 20807 321st Signal Co. Wing 14115 1 3th Inf. Rgt., 8th Div., Co. L 20542 78th QM Co., 78th Inf. Div.(WWII) 1 6701 760th Tank Bn. 16550 332nd Engr. Rgt. Assn. 16382 762nd - - 1 1 6th Evac. Hospital - (WWII) 1 0359 80th Gen. Hosp, 141 Field Hosp. HQ MP Bn. (WWII) Hawaii 041 342nd Arm'd FA Bn. (1942-46) 1 1 106 16th Signal Oper. Bn. 16464 Base M Section - (WWII ) 1 5364 765th Trans. Railroad Bn. (Korea) 344th Ordnance Co, 3rd Army 20606 19th Tank Bn., 9th Arm'd Div. 10919 81 st Inf Div,( Wildcats), WWI & II 20950 21880 345th Rgt., 87th Div., D Co. 1 5983 21st Ord. MM Co. 22577 89th Chem. Mortar Bn. 1 0691 771st Tank Bn., WWII-Germany 1945- 346th Ord. Dpt. Co. 15609 23rd Inf., 2nd Div., F Co. - (WWII) 1 5459 92nd Signal Bn. - (WWII) 1 0333 4615028 356th AAA Searchlight Bn. - (WWII) 24th Tank Bn., 13th Arm'd Div. - (WWII) 93rd AFA Bn 15616 774th TDBn. 15852 15422 15246 94th QM Rhd. Co. WWI1 1 601 788th MP Bn., D Co. - (WWII) 1 1068 361st Engr. Const. Bn. 16142 26th Arty., 108th Arty. Grp., F Btry. - 97th Gen. Hospital (WWII) 20637 790th FABn. 10865 371st Engr. Bn. 16621 (Dong Ha, South V letnam) 1 1 224 97th Inf. Div., 322nd Med. Bn. 10160 801 st Avn. Engrs. Bn. 1 6235 377th Harbor Craft Co. 1 0926 27th AAA Bn., Fort Benning 22718 101st/116th Recon. Sqs., 101st Cav. 801st TDBn. 16412 386th AAA AW (Sp) Bn. 1 6734 27th Div. Assn. 16042 Grp.-(WWII) 15717 805th TDBn. 10991

386th Inf. Rgt., 97th Div., L Co. 1 6074 - 27th Engr. (C) Bn. - (WWII) 1 0006 102nd AAA AW Bn. (A/T) 15630 81 3th TD Bn., C Co. (WWII) 1 581 387th Inf., 97th Inf. Div., Co. G 21300 28th General Hospital 20006 102nd Inf., 43rd Div., L Co. - (Korea) 815th Aviation Engr. Bn. 16282 389th Bn. - 1 28th Infantry Assn. (Vietnam) 20646 16365 AAA (WWII) 5770 81 9th Tank Destroyer Bn. 1 5629 389th Inf., 98th Div., H Co. 15415 30th Signal Hv. Const. Bn. 1 5224 102nd Inf. Div., 405th Inf. Rgt., Co. G 820th Engr. Avn. Bn. (1952-54) 1 0600 32nd Bn., 1st Med. Rgt., Pioneers, 21054 389th Inf. 98th Div., F Co. 1 5967 823rd SWOSCO 16634 MFSS - (Carlisle Bks./ 1920-45) 106th Engr. (C) Bn., 31st Div., A Co. 397th Rgt., 100th Div., Service Co. 825th Tank Destroyer Bn. - (WWII) 10977 10180 15737 11093

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION 8 1 705 15 8 5 -; 3 **VETS**

854th Engr. Avn. Bn. - (WWII) 1 6563 CBMU-520 (Seabees) WWII 20924 UDT/Seal Museum Assn. 1 1014 USS Hamilton DD-141/DMS-18 17560 873rd Engr. Avn Bn. (WWII) 14042 CBMU-524-522 20686 US Navy Arm'd Guard (Midwest: USS Hammann DD-412/Gansevoort 893rd Tank Destroyer Bn. 16300 CBMU-545 (WWII) 10334 KS,MO,OK,NE) 17935 DD-608 18207 899th AAA AW Bn.(Sp) Korean Conflict CBMU-552& 553 17762 USN Armed Guard, Used William T. USS Hank DD 702 18155 - 16948 CBMU-582 18210 Rossell, 1079 Dredge ( 1944-45) USS Hanover APA 116 (WWII 1944-46) 899th TDBn. 11085 Columbia Univ.-USNR Midshipmen's 10620 20880 904th FA Bn., 79th Inf. Dlv. 16272 School -(1940-45) 10336 USN Salvage Divers Reunited 18347 USS Harveson DE/DER-316 00031 916th Med. Amb. Co. 10293 Commander Amphibious Group 7- USS Alabama BB-60/SSBN-731 18025 USS Haverfield DE-393 1 761

930th Ordnance Ammunition Co 1 7057 WWII 2061 USS Albert W. Grant DD 649 1 7457 USS Hazard AM 240 18029 938th F.A.- (WWII) 16358 DESRON-52/Miller/Owen/Sulllvans/ USS Alexander J. Luke DE-577 1 8099 USS Helm DD-388 10348

982nd Ord. Depot Co. 1 6450 Potter/Tlngey/Hickox/Hunt/Han- USS Alnltah AK-1 27 - (WWII) 1 081 USS Herndon DD-638 1 8341 1056th Engrs., PC&R Grp. 10866 cock/Marshall 22620 USS Amesbury DE 66/APD 46, USS USS Hersey AP-1 48 10772 1135th Engr. Combat Gp.HQ Co, 3rd FASRON-1 18 10861 Bates DE 68/APD 47, UDT 1 2 1 7547 USS HesperlaAKS-13 10859

Army (WWII) 21 974 Fighting Sqdrn.One (1944-45) 20942 USSAmlckDE-168 21124 USS Heywood APA-6 - (WW II) 1 8588

1255th Engr. (C) Bn. - (WWII) 1 6380 Fleet Tug Sailors 20531 USS Anne Arundel 1 8240 USS Hilary P. Jones DD-427 1 1 162 1284th Engr. (C) Bn. - (WWII) 10854 LCI(L)-734 20514 USS ARD-14 17814 USS Hill DE-141 20849 1374th E.P.D. Co. 17279 LCSL-34 21240 USS Asheville PF-1 22044 USS Hinsdale APA-1 20 - (WWII) 1 0596 1874th Avn. Engr. Bn., WA State, SWP, Lion 1 21057 USS Ashtabula AO-51 (1950-54)21696 USSHoel DD-533 21231 Japan 14143 LSM-21517536 USS Aulick DD-569 11243 USS Hollister DD-788 1 7944 3062nd QM Bakery Co., Mbl. Spec. LSM-232 WWII 11025 USS Bairoko CVE-1 1 5, 1 7366 USS Honolulu CL-48 11067 15556 LST-1026 14513 USS Ballard AVD-1 0 10385 USS Hope AH-7/215th Hospital Ship

3222nd Ord. BSAM, 618th Ord. BSA LST-1027/56921312 USS Barbican ACM 5 1 83 1 Compl. 17810 Bn. 10875 LST-1 059 18329 USS Barney DD-1 49 11026 USS Hopping DE-155/APD-51 17706 3483rd Ord. MAM Co. - (WWII) 1 6057 LST-1 063 10654 USS Barns CVE-20-Guam Insular USS Hornet CV-8 18376 3632nd & 3631st QM Trk. Co., WWII LST-226 14691 Force, Pre WWII, Incl. Marine s 221 1 USS Howorth Veterans Assn. 21 705 20909 LST-263 17311 USS Beatty DD-640 - 1 941 -43 1 7553 USS Indiana BB-58-(Marines Included) 3792nd QM Trk Co 20911 LST-313& 286 10974 USS Belknap AVD-8/APD-34/DD-251 17525 8240th AU (UNPIK) Special Forces LST-325 - (WWII) 1 7879 10937 USS Irwin DD-794 10482 Bellatrix 21 22278 LST-446 20923 USS AKA-3 539 USS Isherwood DD 520 21 1 59 Army Security Agency (ASA) 1 7289 LST-454 21352 USS Betelgeuse AKA-1 1 / AK-28 1 0785 USS J. Richard Ward DE-243 17589 Vets 1 5834 LST-511157 USS Bogue CVE-9 WWI1 1 7945 USSJarvisDD 79918482

CID Agents Assn. 10002 LST-509 20763 USS BorieDD-704 18550 USS Jeffers DD-621/DMS-27 1 7721

Ft. Sill Basic Trng. Art.,E Btry,3rd FA LST-51510886 USS Bowditch AGS-4 1 8605 USS John Rodgers DD-574 1 7503

Tng Bn "FARTC" 20575 LST-537 1 8456 USS Boxer Assn.CV/CVA/CVS-21 USS John R. Pierce DD-753 1 8303

OCS Class 297, 1 4th Co. .Student Train- LST-582 1 0894 LPH-4 18070 USS John W. Weeks DD-701 1 7747

ing Rgt.,Ft Bennlng 20473 LST-603 1 8088 USS Breeman DE-104 20838 USS Kaskaskia AO-27 1 8021 Buchanan (DD-484) WWII 20381 OCS Class 28, 2nd OC Co. 20996 LST-654 10910 USS USS Key DE-348 1 7650 Officer USS Butte AE-27 21 410 Candidate School (OCS) LST-667 18020 USS Kldd DD-661 (WWII) 1 8433 Alumni Assn. 20963 LST-687 17327 USS Calvert APA-32 1 781 USS Klein smith APD-1 34 1 7978 Rhine Assn. - (WWII/France) LST-719 USS Canberra CA-70/CAG-2 10038 & Danube 20834 USS LaGrange APA-1 24 1 7565 7th Army 15295 LST-743 11145 USS Cape Esperance 21171 USS Lake Champlain CV/CVA/CVS-39 WAC Vets Assn. 1 5278 LST-781 18217 USS Caperton DD-650 1 078 17531 LST-825 21031 USS Carina AK-74 18648 USS Lamar APA 47 17803 LST-844 18148 USS Carter Hall LSD-3 21 839 USS Lardner DD-487 1 7403 LST-951 (H) 21361 USSChampllnDD-601 10449 USS Latimer APA-1 52 1 0297 LST-961 20881 USS Charles Lawrence DE-53/APD-37 Navy USS Lexington CV-1 6 Assn. 1 8688 LST-968 1 10408 0226 USS Leyte CV-32 1 7752 LST-979- (WWII) 10135 USS Charles F. Hughes DD 428 18244 USS Lyman K. Swenson DD-729 181 49 8th NCB 18381 Manicani Island Assn, Philippines USS Charleston PG-51 2091 USS Mahan (DD/D26-11) 16244 1 7th/1 20th Seabees (WWII) 18181 91 st-96th CBs, & 478th AAA 21 803 USSChehallsAOG 48 18354 USS Mahan DLG 1 1 ; Yokusuka, Japan; 18th Spec NCB Seabees 1 5944 Morehead City Navy Section Base USS Chew DD-1 06 17585 1968-70 21265 Chicago 1 28th Spec. NCB 18212 18192 USS (CA29-CA1 36-CG1 USS Marias AO-57 21 430 57th Seabees (1 942-45) 1 8026 NAMRU-2-(WWII) 10338 SSN721) including Marines 18200 USS Marsh DE-699 10364 67th Seabees -(WWII) 18512 NAS Pasco WA 14053 USS Chickasaw ATF-83 1 0324 USS MasseyDD-778 18311 69th NCB 17557 Nat'l.CPOAssn. 14476 USS Chilton APA-38 22840 USS Maynard PA-171 10480 88th NCB 17806 NDJ Radio Kwajalein (1 944-46) 20569 USS Clamagore SS-343 1 0398 USS McGowan DD-678 17624 Patrol Craft 1 USS Clark DD-361 - (1936-45) 1 8062 90th Seabees 18036 Sailors Assn. 8507 USS Meredith DD-890 10763 100th -(WWII) 17663 PATWING Four Airdales, Aleutian USS Colonial LSD-1 8 1 461 NCB Sqs. USS Meredith DD-434/USS Vireo DD- - 1 Coral Sea 43 Assn. 1 7967 110th NCB 18030 & Support Personnel (WWII) 8377 USS CVA 434 22143 1 - (WWII) 1 1 079 PC-1 235 10856 USS Corson AVP 37 1 7677 45th Seabees USS Miami CL-89 10943 Acorn Red Seven 1 831 PC-542 18500 USS Crescent City APA-21 18491 USS Mount Hood (AE-29) 21 267 Special Hospital USS Crowley DE 303 1 7549 ATC Rescue WWII 20874 Augmented 3 (WWII) USS Murphy DD-603 18499 21904 Cumming DD-365 1 8003 Boat Pool 14(Emirau)/Boat Pool USS USSMustinDD-413 17352 15(Manuslsland)/SLCU 18 18001 Special Task Air Grp.1(Stag One) USS Davis DD-395 10344 USS Nassau CVE-1 6 1 7379 CAG-3 - (1949-53) All Sqdrns w/USS 21468 USS Dayton CL-1 05 18528 USS North Carolina BB-55 Assn. 1 7623 Leyte CV-32 1 7992 Subic Bay Assn.,(Olongapo) WWII USS DeLong DE-684 1 7730 USS O'Bannon DD/DDD-450 (Ship- CASU-54, NAS Fallon, NV 22581 21900 USS Dennis DE-405 18133 mates Assn.) 1 1 143 CASU-F-20 18681 UDT-13(WWII) 14573 USS Douglas H Fox DD 779 21 381 USS Overton 21 341 USS Drayton DD 366 1 8560 USS Pandemus ARL-18 18674 USSEberleDD-430 11125 USS Partridge AM-1 6/AT-1 38 1 1 088 USS Edison DD-439 10610 USS Emery DE-28 14391 USS Paul Hamilton DD 590/Twiggs DD USS Emmons DMS-2/DD-457 Assn 591 18010 10323 USS Phelps DD 360 181 67 USS Piedmont AD-1 7 1 7438 USS Engstrom DE 50 1 7786 USS Pitt APA-223 18196 USS Everett F. Larson DD-830 1 0470 USSFooteDD-511 17700 USS Pleaves DD-423 20961 USS Franks DD-554 161 50 USS Porter DD-800 - (WWII/Korea) 18165 USS Gallatin APA-1 69 1 4646 USS Gen. G.O. Squire AP-1 30 10752 USS PrlngleDD-477 18684 Quincy 18153 USS Gen. S.D. Sturgis AP-137 - USS USS Radford DD/DDE 446 1 4464 (Marines Included) 1 7831 USS Gen. W. G. Haan AP-1 58 22387 USS Ramapo AO-1 2 1 7682 USS Gendreau DE-639 10093 USS Ranger CV-4 1 0380 USS George E. Badger DD 196/APD 33 USS Rawlins APA-226 18326 17380 USS Rawlins APA-226 (WWII) 22004

USS George DE-697 1 4663 USS Rehoboth AVP-50 (WWII) 22540 USS Gleanes Assn. 17782 USS Riley DE-579 18624 USS Gold Star AG-12; USS Penguin USS Ringgold DD 500 18328 18532 USS Robert H. McCard DD-822 1 0720 USS Guadalcanal LPH-7 (1963-65) USS Rocky Mount AGC-3 - (Army/ 20975 Marines/wounded personnel in- USS Guest DD-472 18197 cluded) 18380 USS Hale (DD 642) 21 194 USS Rolf DE-362 10946

USS Half Moon AVP-26 - (WWII) 1 8071 USS Roy O. Hale DE/DER-336 1 0740 USS Halllgan DD 584, Ericsson DD 440 USS Saginaw Bay, CVE-82, VC-78/88 21202 10325

AUGUST 1992 45 0 7 0 6 7 **VETS**

USS Sakatonchee AOG-19 18571 343rd Signal Co. Wing, 12th AF (WWII) 318th T.C. Sq., 343rd A.D. Sq. 16962 12th Defense Bn. 17139 USS Salem CA 1 39 - (Marines included) 10207 319th Bomb Grp. 16939 14th Special Basic Course 20780

17373 344th Bomb Grp. Assn. 1 501 331 st Serv. Sq. - (WWII) 1 0666 23rd Mar., 4th Div. Regimental USS Sampson DDG-10 16279 367th Fighter Grp., 9th AF - (WWII) 333rd Ftr. Sq. 10218 Weapons Co., (WWII) 21 068

USS Sampson DD-394 1 7634 15044 339th Service Sq. 16791 Avn. Supply Marines - ((East)) 1 71 00 USS Samuel S. Miles DE-183 1 7961 391 st Bomb Grp. Assn. - (B-26 Maraud- 343rd Ftr. Sq. - (England/WWII) 1 6923 China Marines Assn. 17183

USS Saratoga CV-/CVA-60 1 7906 ers ETO) 15194 368th Ftr. Grp. Assn. 9th AF 1 0799 MAG/25 SCAT 21 038 Schmltt 18188 410th Signal Co., 13th AF(WWII) 20868 375th TC Grp. 16802 Marine Air Base Sqdrn. (MABS-1) USS -1 ; USS Shannon DM 25 18397 435th Troop Carrier Wing, Flamingo 379th Bomb Grp., 8th AF, Kim Bol- 20956

USS Shelby APA-1 05 17635 Wing, WWII, Korea, Viet Nam 21 241 ton. Eng. (WWII) 1 6770 Marine Air Traffic Control Assn. 22388 USS Shellkof AVP-52 21915 449th Bomb Grp. - (WWII) 15131 381st Bomb Grp.(H) Memorial Assn. Marine Corps Air Transport Assn. - (All USS Shenandoah AD-26 1 4481 457th Bomb Grp. Assn. 20024 10245 VMR/VMGR sqs.) 17076 USS Shubrick DD-639 (WWII) 1 7881 468th Bomb Gp. VH (Gen. Billy Mitchell 392nd Bomb Grp., 2nd Air Div., 8th AF Marine Det.,USS Missouri BB-63 - USSSigsbeeDD-502 11001 Gp) 20631 14280 (1947-51) 10343 USSSpica AK-16 20682 483rd Tac. Airlift Wing, (C7A Caribou, 396th Bomb Sqdrn., 41st Bomb Grp., Platoon 379, Parrir. lsland;(Nov 1974) USS Spiegel Grove LSD-32 14467 Vietnam) 20920 7th AF 21 365 21373 USS Stevens DD-479 - (WWII) 17912 491st Bomb Grp., 2nd Air Div., 8th AF 410th Signal Co. (13th AF) 20994 US Embassy Guard Bn..Peking-4 36-6 USS Stockham DD-683 1 7508 21605 435th T.C.Gp., 78th 21359 38 14578 USS Suffolk AKA-69 17894 493rd Bomb Grp. Memorial Assn. 441st Trp. Carrier Grp., 99th, 100th, VMB-413(WWII) 21041 USSTaconicAGC-17 22178 10850 301st & 302nd Sqdrn s 16967 VMD-154- (Photographic) 11175 USS Tallahatchie County AVB 2 1 4378 598th Engr. Sq., 382nd Air Service Grp. 453rd Sq., 330th Bomb Grp., 20th AF; VMF(N)541 17165 USSTatumDE-789 22700 10197 (Guam) 11010 VMF-121 (WWII) 17102 USS Teal AVP-5 20954 603rd A.C.& W. Sq. ,501st TAC Grp., 466th Bomb Grp. Assn. 21 888 VMF-211 10028 USS Thornhill DE-1 95 2081 12th AF(Korea) 21076 467th Service Sq., 8th AF, WWII; Hon- VMF-451 Marine Fighting Sq.(Korea) USSTigrone SS-419 15928 633rd Combat Spt. Grp., 7th AF - (1 967- ington, England 16748 21043

USSTopekaCLG-8 17482 70) 1 5057 482nd Bomb Grp.,Sta.102; 36th,812th, VMJ/VMR-353, MAG-15 17178 USS Uvalde AKA 88 18396 756th Squadron Assn.(756thTCS/TAS/ 813th, 814th Sq.(Alcon bury, Eng- VMSB-241 - (WWII) 17184 USS Valencia AKA-81 11149 MAS) 10258 land/WWII) 16966 VMSB-333 14471

USS Velocity AM-1 28 22556 935th Signal Bn. 12th AF (WWII) 1 1244 486th Bomb Grp.(H), 8th AF 1 6895 VMSB-341 ; Dive Bomber Sq. 1 7094 USS WalkeDD 723 18324 1876th Engr. Avn. Bn. 15124 492nd Bomb Grp (H), 2nd ADA.N.Pic- VMTB-131 21526 USS Walter C. Wann DE-41 2 1 7331 3205th Drone Group 20727 kenhamWWII21741 USS Wasp CV-7 20622 7505th USAF Hospital 21612 560th, 561st, 562nd S.A.W. Bns. (WWII) USS Wharton AP-7 10928 AFSC 422 & 432XI, 454X6, AC FT, Mech. 16982 USS Whipple DD-217 18145 Accy/Envlr. Sys. 21329 583rd Signal AW Bn. 14297 USS Wilkes DD-441 17317 Air Commando Assn. 15168 892nd Chem. Air Operation 16838 Coast Guard USS William C. Lawe DD-763 1 7799 Air Inspectors Office, BT 13,Courtland 1 057th QM Co., 323rd Serv. Grp. 21 889 USS Worland (PCE-845) 12140 AFB 14034 1358th QM Subs Co.fAvn.) 20578 USS Wrangell AE-1 2 Assn. 21 91 Pilot Class 50-D 15158 1 984th Trk.Co.,1 3th AF 20871 CG Combat Vets Assn(lnc Army, USSZeilinAPA-3 10341 Pilot Class 55-V 14005 ATC Air -Sea Rescue (OA-1 0) 21 001 Navy,Mar.& AF:AII eras) 20639

VB/VPB-1 33 10429 Pleiku ABAssn. 15100 Enid AAFB Class 45-A 1 6870 LST-23 22243 VC-69 21824 Security Service/Electronic Command Kelly Field-Duncan Felld Assoc., LST-69 20993

VC-94 17844 20628 (1935-WWII) 17004 LST-782 1 7066 VC-99 22743 National WWII Gilder Pilots Assn. LST-787 - (WWII) 10979 VF-24&VT-24 (1945) 10357 20718 USS Action (PG-86) 20666 VF-54 18490 Pilot Class 43-D Assn. 1 6822 USS Harveson DE/DER-316 10081 VP-24/VA(HM) 13/VPHL 4/VPB 104 Army Air Forces Pilot Class 42E&F21048 USS Mills DE 383 1701 17633 USS Muskogee PF-49 1 7045 VP/VPB-122 Patrol Bombing Sq.(Aleu- USS Pocatello PF-9 17026 USS Unlontown PF-65 1 0270 tions 1945-46) 14651 1st BAD (WWII) 22797 VPB-119/VP7 18289 1st Base Air Dpt. (1st BAD, War- VPB-19WWII21315 rington, Eng. 1942-45,WWII) 21066 Marines VRF-1 21310 1st Strat. Air Dpt. Assn., 8th A.F. - VS-23 10276 (Honington Air Base /WWII) 1 6840 1 st Amp. Tractor Bn., 1 st Mar. Div. WWII Miscellaneous VS-66 17622 4th Tow Target Sq., Liberty Field, GA 15339 VT-8, USS Hornet CV-8, (1941-42) 21885 1st Scout/1 st Recon Co., 1st Mar Div. 21402 6th Serv.Sq., 443rd Sub Depot 20523 (WWII) 21893 Alexander Hamilton High School, YMS-305 20634 6th Sqdn., (Ole Sixth) 20747 2nd Airdrome Bn., 17th AAA Bn 21 009 L.A.,CA.;(Win. & Sum. 1942 ) 17763 YMS-52 10127 7th Airdrome Sq. 22267 3rd Amphib. Corps Signal Bn., B Co. Civilian Conservation Corps, Co. 1733 YP-239 17465 8th Ftr. Cont. Sq. - (WWII); "8th Fox (WWII) 17106 10382 Hole" 16762 3rd Bn., 5th Marines, G Co. - (Korea) International Chief Petty Officers 8th GASCO, HQ&HQ Sq., 9th AF 1 01 23 10031 Assn. 20816 9th Photo Recon. Sq.-(CBI) 16917 - 3rd Bn. 9th Mar., I Co. (WWII) 1 0439 Kaneohe Kllppers 20929 Air Force 12th TAC Recon Sqdn. 20322 3rd Bn., 1st Mar. "Mike" Co-Vietnam, Karlsruhe (Germany) American High 13th (Jungle) Air Force Veterans Assn (1967-68)20660 School 21390 Aircraft Repair Unit (Floating) 22748 - 1st 5 inch Coastal Arty., 16th Defense Bn. ND Korean Veterans 1 1 004 18th Air Dpt. Grp., HQ & HQ Sq. 1 6932 AARU(F) 22662 (1942-45) 17195 Retired Military Musicians Assn 21 895 1st/69th Pilotless Bomber Sqs. 15188 26th & 80th Air Dep.Grp.(1 942:; 5th A & E Maint. Squadron 20844 1946:lndia) 16569 5th Comm. Grp., 934th Signal Bn., 27th Bomb Grp. (L) 10995 (Korea) 15000 27th Trp. Carrier Sq. 10345 10th Emergency Rescue Boat Sq., 1 1th 33rd Air Dpt. Grp. 16769 AAF 16779 34th Air Depot Grp. - (WWII) 1 681 11th Air Force Assn. (Including AAF) 36th Photo Recon. Sq. 1 6931 15074 43rd Bomb Grp. (H) Assn. 1 1 003 16th SOS 10611 45th Air Depot Grp. - Including HAVE YOU 38th Recon. Sqdrn., 19th Bomb Grp. attached units 11 164 21074 46th Air Service Sqdrn. 20964 Grp., 39th Troop Carrier Sq. 1 51 84 47th Bomb Sq., 41 st Bomb 7th AF 48th Troop Carrier Sq. 20695 15123 - (Douglas/WWII; 1941- SEEN 54th Fgtr.Grp. (42nd, 56th, & 57th Fgtr. 63rd AAF-FTD Sqs); Air Echelon to AK, 1942 20845 44) 16750 54th Ftr.Grp.,42nd,56th,& 57th HQ Ftr 64th TC Sq. 10018 Sqdns 20774 72nd Trp. Carrier Sq., 434th T. C. Gp. 61st Tac. Airlift Sq.(1 942-Present) ETO WWII 16928 THIS CHILD? 21096 76th Trp. Carrier Sq. - (WWII) 1 6942 71 st Tact. Recon. Grp./HQ/17th/25th/ 89th Attack Sq., 3rd Bomb Grp., 5th AF

82nd/1 1 0th Sqs./5th A F 1 5082 (WWII) 16930 75th Air Dpt. Wing 15053 91st Troop Carrier Sq. Assn. (WWII) 79th Fighter Bomber Sq. (England 21992 MISSING -Heather Dawn Church, 14. Last seen Sept. 17, 92nd Air Drome Sq. 1 6858 1952-55) 14004 1991, Black Forest/Elbert, Colo. Hair: brown. Eyes: hazel. 95th Bomb Wing, B-52's - KC 135's Era 92nd Bomb Grp., 8th AF, WWI1 1 4455 5'1". El County 20772 99th Bomb Grp. (H) 20906 Height: Weight: 78 lbs. Contact Paso 100th Bomb Wing (Pease AFB) 20603 231 st Bomb Unit(Alamagordo) 20658 (Colorado) Sheriff's Office, (719) 520-7174 or (800) 843- 303rd Air Refueling Sq. (Bermuda 306th Airdrome Sq. - (WWII) 1 6846 5678. Bunch) 15119 314th Troop Carrier Grp., 1942-45 303rd Bomb Wing Assn.(B-47) SAC 15381 A public service provided by The American Legion. 10776 316th T.C. Grp. 16952

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MEMBERSHIP Continuedfrom page 14

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I'm Back In The The Shifting I Want To Be Blue Yodel checks per month and provides a Saddle Again Whispering Sands A Cowboy's ("T" Is For Texas) means to move money into or out of Gene Autry Jim Reeves Sweetheart Jimmie Rodgers the CD program easily. Call (800) Patsy Montana Tumbling I'm An Old Cowhand Deep In The 3450-0397 for information and give Tumbleweeds Patsy Montana Empty Saddles Heart Of Texas Source Code E2AD. Sons Of The Pioneers Sons Of The Pioneers Bob Wills The Prisoner's Song The following are affinity programs Cattle Call Jealous Heart Vernon Dalhart My Little with other companies the Legion Eddy Arnold Tex Ritter Cherokee Maiden offers as benefits of membership: Bury Me Not On The Whipple Ti YiYo Bob Wills Take Me Back Lone Prairie (Get Along To My Boots and INB National Bank Money Little Doggie) Tex Ritter Down In The Valley Saddle Market. This Indianapolis bank also New Sons Of The Pioneers Slim Whitman Jimmy Wakely provides a money market account for San Antonio Rose When It's Springtime El Rancho Grande Have I Told You Legionnaires nationwide and permits Bob Wills In The Rockies Gene Autry Lately That depositors to write three checks per The Last Roundup Montana Slim I Love You Rex Allen South Of The Border month. It is also available to members Nobody's Darlin' Gene Autry Patsy Cline of the American Legion Auxiliary. Cool Water But Mine Twilight On The Trail Sons Of The Pioneers Call (800) 548-3600, ext. 6381, for Jimmie Davis Old Shep Sons Of The Pioneers Riders In The Sky Red Foley more information. Mexicali Rose You Are My Vaughn Monroe Jim Reeves I'm Thinking Tonight Sunshine Sprint Long-distance Telephone High Noon Of My Blue Eyes Jimmie Davis The Streets Service. One of the newest benefit Tex Ritter The Carter Family Of Laredo That Silver-Haired programs of the Legion, this Sprint Someday You'll Want Marty Robbins Daddy Of Mine Me To Want You Along The program was accepted after reviewing Navajo Trail Gene Autry Elton Britt Pistol Packin' Mama proposals from 23 companies. Sons Of The Pioneers Wagon Wheels Mule Train Al Dexter When you change your long-dis- Sons Of The Pioneers Frankie Laine City Don't Fence Me In Sioux Sue tance service to Sprint, The American Red River Valley Bing Crosby Bing Crosby Happy Trails Legion receives a commission of 5 Slim Whitman Roy Rogers & Beautiful, percent of your phone bill. Sprint also Goodnight Irene Dale Evans Home On The Range Ernest Tubb& Beautiful Brown Eyes donated $50,000 to help pay for the Gene Autry Red Foley Jimmy Wakely AND MORE! Legion's National Convention Festival MONEY BACK GUARANTEED! ORDER TODAY! last year in Phoenix. Call (800) 669- 8585 for the Sprint service. Current The Beautiful Music Company, Dept. CW-23 WE SHIP FREE! Sprint customers should call (800) 777 Larkfield Road, Commack, N.Y. 11725 No Postage Or Handling! 877-4040 for assistance. Please rush me my exciting "Wagon Wheels" Treasury on your unconditional Or to: Visa MasterCard American Legion Life Insurance. money-back guarantee. American Express Discover For 34 years, this insurance program

I enclose $1 9.98. Send 2 Cassettes. Name _ has provided money to the Legion's I enclose $1 9.98. Send 3 Record Albums. Address youth programs, and in 1992 the dona- I enclose $24.98. Send 2 Compact Discs. tion totaled more than $1 million. For Card No. City information about American Legion Date State .Zip. Life Insurance, call (800) 542-5547.

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

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FREE VANIUA! Base Force, but favors one that $2.99Value PRICE reduces the military to 1.4 million OF PEACE active-duty troops—about 200,000 Continuedfrom page 21 fewer than the Base Force. The Aspin force, called "Option C," includes an Army of nine active and six reserve divisions; a Navy reduced and carry out these missions? to 340 ships, including 11 deployable The options being debated cover a carriers; an Air Force comprised of 10 broad range. The Defense Department active wings and eight reserve wings; (DoD) is advocating its "Base Force," and a Marine Corps cut to two active a 1.6 million-member version of divisions and one reserve division. today's 2 million-man force, while the While cutting almost everything National Guard Association of the else, Aspin would greatly increase the Yes! Please send me my FREE copy of the Watkins catalog and my FREE 2-oz. Vanilla- United States calls for a return to the military's lift capabilities to put war with-purchase coupon. ($2.99 value) days when defense was a small stand- supplies near the scene of potential ing military backed up by a large force conflict. Option C would triple the of part-time citizen-soldiers. number of fast sealift ships, pushing

Army Gen. Colin Powell, chairman the total to 24 from eight today. And it of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, says the would triple to 24 the number of ships City. United States should be slow and cau- filled with ammunition, tanks, trucks, tious about dismantling the best mili- food and other battlefield necessities. tary the world has ever seen. "The rev- Such "afloat prepositioning ships"

Telephone ( ) olution may not be over in the land of proved their worth when they delivered

1 1 time zones," he said in an inter- the first U.S. tanks and other heavy I am also interested in starting my own Watkins business. Please send more view. Powell would shrink the active- equipment to Saudi Arabia during information. (All Dealer inquiries are field duty military by 25 percent—from 2. Operation Desert Shield. assigned.) criticizes Return to: WATKINS INCORPORATED million to 1.6 million—and trim the Aspin Powell's plan as top- 150 Liberty Street, Dept. KR2U reserves by 20 percent from 1.15 mil- heavy. PO Box 5570 Winona MN 55987-0570 lion to 910,000.

The World's Finest CoIIec/ion ofQuality Products For Home and Family The Base Force is the most conserv- Base Force contains enough ative of the options being given serious THEtroops to refight Operation Desert consideration. It is the basis for Storm "plus many more ground President Bush's $273.4 billion mili- forces than would be necessary for tary budget request for 1993 and the another regional contingency where Own the Pentagon's 1993-97 defense plan. support from allies could be expect- By 1997, under Powell's plan, the ed," he says. The Base Force was 1st Ike. Army would be a third smaller planned while the Soviet Union was shrinking from 18 to 12 active-duty still a major threat. It retains much of divisions and from 10 to six reserve the military created for war with the divisions. The Navy would be reduced Soviets even though the Soviet Union to 450 ships, 80 fewer than the Navy has ceased to exist, he says. had in 1990, with 12 aircraft carriers Aspin rejects Powell's ominous sug- instead of 15. gestion that the Soviet Union may rise The Air Force would shrink from 22 again. "Training is down, materiel is in to 15 active air wings and from 12 to disrepair, and the military budget has

1 1 reserve wings. The Marine Corps been slashed by as much as 80 percent would keep three active-duty Marine for weapons and supplies," Aspin says. Expeditionary Forces (about 2 1/3 It would take the former Soviet states divisions), one reserve division and an years to rebuild a military capable of The first Ike silver dollar is now over 20 years old and beginning to acquire vin- air wing. But Marine Corps end external aggression, he says. tage status. Authorized not long after strength would be trimmed from While Powell and Aspin have domi- Eisenhower's death, this historic issue 194,000 to 164,800. nated debate over the size and configu- inaugurated the last regular U.S. coin Powell calls his Base Force a ration of the U.S. military, a number of series to honor an American president. The portrait captures the dedication of "robust force" capable of fighting two other organizations and individuals the beloved general-president, who suc- major regional wars simultaneously. If have offered other options. cessfully filled both roles in the tradition the United States were to become The most influential is the National of George Washington. The Eagle-on-the- Moon reverse salutes America's space involved in a war the size of Operation Guard Association, which is headed program, which began under Ike's ad- Desert Storm, the military would be by retired Army National Guard Maj. ministration. Brilliant Uncirculated qual- big enough to also turn back a North Gen. Robert F. Ensslin Jr. (see "The ity. Special introductory prices: $12.95 each. 3 for $37.50. 5 for $62. 10 for Korean invasion of South Korea. View From The Militia," Page 22). $119. Order #7401. To order by credit Powell has been the most influential Ensslin contends an army of 10 active card, call toll-free 1-800-451-4463. Or figure in the military force debate. divisions and 10 National Guard divi- send a check or money order to: Interna- is sions is alternative to the tional Coins & Currency, Inc., HE. State Running a close second Wisconsin "a sound St., Box 2 18. Dept. 2486. Montpelier. VT Rep. Les Aspin, chairman of the heavily active Base Force." 0560 1 . Add $2 for postage. Money-back House Armed Services Committee. He highlights what he calls "a fatal guarantee: 30-day home examination. Aspin offers four alternatives to the flaw in the logic and basis of the Base

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION Force strategy." The United States All major parties in the debate does not possess or plan to build agree that "regional wars," not World COMMANDER enough ships and transport planes to War III, will be the greatest military Continuedfrom page 6 move forces to two contingencies at challenge for the future, he said. the same time. And most basic of all: "As a result Because of the lift shortage, many of favorable trends around the world, of the troops needed for an emergency we can reduce and restructure our mil- would have to wait until ships and itary forces and cut our investment in What we need is a Base Force with planes were available to take them to defense," Powell said. citizen-soldiers as full partners in bat- war. Thus, there is a built-in period The disagreement is over what kind tle. And the Guard should be an inte- during which reserve forces could be of military the United States needs to gral part of the mix. mobilized and readied for war, he says. deter or defeat regional aggressors, In Desert Storm, the Guard and Enough troops should be kept on how much of it should be stationed Reserve assisted our active forces in active duty to carry out "a Grenada or overseas and what is the correct mix an overwhelming victory. During the Panama-like operation, not an operation of active and reserve forces. Rodney King riots in Los Angeles, the requiring 50,000 to 500,000 members Powell argues for a substantial U.S. Guard helped restore order to the city of the Armed Forces," Ensslin wrote forward presence. "Over the past 45 streets. During natural disasters, it in a National Guard policy paper. years, the day-to-day presence of U.S. renders comfort to victims while The Guard association's proposal is forces in regions vital to U.S. national ensuring order during the rebuilding

rejected at the Pentagon. As it cuts the interests has been key to averting process. Base Force would cut the active force, the DoD also wants to cut crises and preventing war," he wrote in Guard so severely that these roles the reserves. the 1992 National Military Strategy. might be lost forever. The reserves were enlarged during Powell wants to keep 150,000 troops in We cannot afford to wait until war the 1980s so the military would be Europe, 40,000 in Japan, 36,000 in clouds loom to debate the appropriate better prepared to fight the Soviet Korea, and 25,000 in the Persian Gulf. consitution of our forces. And we Union and the Warsaw Pact in Europe, For months, there has been almost cannot—no matter how appealing it is according to Powell. "That threat is no support in Congress for keeping on the surface—abdicate our duties of gone," he says, and as active-duty 150,000 troops in Europe. Figures of citizenship to a professional cadre of forces are cut, "retaining reserve 100,000 and 75,000 are commonly highly trained active-duty warriors. forces designed for a different and far mentioned. However, Congress contin- This has never worked for any nation larger threat makes no sense strategi- ues to support forward deployments in in the past, and I doubt that it will for cally or fiscally." Asia and the Persian Gulf region. the United State today. Many of the reserve units Powell wants to eliminate were attached to forces in Aspin's "Option C," active-duty units that have already THEwith three fewer Army divisions, been cut. If those reserve units are not five fewer air wings and 1 10 fewer Miles Kimball cut, they will be forces without a mis- Navy ships than in the Base Force, sion, he says. would have to substantially reduce for- Another force structure proposal ward deployments. that relies heavily on reserve forces Greater reliance on reserve forces, comes from the iconoclastic Center for as sought by the National Guard Defense Information (CDI). It argues Association, includes Army National that a million-man military and a mil- Guard units among the forward- lion-man reserve force would provide deployed forces, especially short-term the nation with an adequate defense. missions during emergencies in for- In the unlikely event of a major war, eign countries. CDI analysts contend that nearly a The CDI plan states, "All forces Hundreds of practical and fun million civilian defense workers and would be stationed/home ported in the gifts, many under $5! more than a million military retirees United States and its territories." Free Gift With First Order! could be tapped to build a wartime The debate continues, and probably Send for your free 72-page full color military of 4 million. will go on for several years to come. catalog filled with affordable gifts for every- The CDI would reduce the Army to Powell has made a convincing case to one. Unique household and holiday items- eight active divisions and six reserve Congress that the drawdown cannot be many personalized with names or your divisions; the Air Force would have 10 completed any faster than it now is, so favorite photos. From address labels to active wings and 12 reserve wings; the the active-duty force is not likely to calendars to pencils. Quality since 1935.

Navy would be slashed to six carriers; shrink below the Base Force level at Quick delivery. Satisfaction guaranteed. and the Marine Corps would be least until the end of fiscal 1995. Please print clearly and mail today. reduced to two divisions. Reserve forces are another matter. Yes, send me my FREE catalog. Amid the differing views, "there is a For several years, Congress has surprising degree of unanimity," refused to cut them as fast or as far as Name Powell told the Senate Armed Services the DoD has wanted. And that appears Committee during a hearing, and he unlikely to change. Address ticked off areas of agreement: If those two trends prevail, the I City I "There is general agreement the resulting hybrid force might be smaller

United States must remain involved than the Pentagon thinks is prudent but Sta e Z p 1 and engaged around the world," Powell more expensive than the forces sized Miles Kimball 1 608_Bond SJ,J3jhko_sh _WI_54906_ said. to save money. j_ : _ J

AUGUST 1992 51 . |1' —

three hours learning rules. A guard Let Yourself Go BOOT CAMPS screamed out Rule No. 1: "Anyone asks you a question, you answer, 'Sir, Continuedfrom page 39 On A yes sir!' or 'Sir, no sir!' You got it?" Lark.® "Yes sir," the inmates responded. Guards rushed in and shook several Let the Lark, of them furiously. our 3-wheel battery his usual clients, and they get tar more "Don't you maggots understand?" powered intensive supervision and social ser- "Sir, yes sir!" they screamed. scooter take vices. "You figure you might able to flew like fists you around the be Regulations by them house, around help these guys turn their lives around, in a street fight for two more hours the yard, not like the others," he says. before the haircut ritual began. around the neighborhood, He says his bad experience with the Then it was learning all about pro- anywhere! one felon hasn't soured him on the tocol. How to move from place to

Let a Lark program. place, either at a brisk trot or in a into your life Ronald L. Powell helped set up one noisy march. What to say when and let of the first boot camp prisons in 1983 approaching a guard—"Sir, by your in Georgia. But Powell says none of leave, sir!" "Sir, excuse me, sir!" How • Affordable • Safe • Easy to Transport the voluminous research on recidivism to make up their bunks,—stow their shows that the shock approach offers gear, to call cadence "Left, left, For a FREE Lark brochure, call: how meaningful improvements. left-right-left!" 1 -800-537- 1600operator 2029 "There are conflicts in all the stud- A rule infraction, or even a guard's — Lark Of America ies I've seen. Recidivism doesn't seem whim, can earn a prisoner push-ups, a P.O. Box 1647, to be any worse than regular prisons," screaming tirade and a bone-rattling |3jJ|»j£ says Powell, who now heads the New shake. ofAmerica ! Waukesha, Wl 53187-1647 Hampshire corrections department,

"but it is no better." two weeks, the meanness Please send me your brochure on the Lark 3-wheel scooter. AFTER to questions tapers, a laborious routine Name Answers some could and come out of the U.S. Justice Depart- settles in: up at 6, cut logs, pull Address ment's National Institute of Correc- stumps, mow highway rights of way City State Zip tions (NIC) studies. Anna Z. Thomp- all with hand tools, push mowers and Telephone Number ( ) son, an NIC program specialist, says cross-cut saws. They even break up 2029 there are good ways to structure these rocks with mallets. camps and bad. "We're gonna get some chain saws," "In time, we hope to have guide- Maj. Coyle says, smiling, "but not for A COUNTRY CLASSIC .. lines for setting up effective institu- the prisoners' use. They'll still use ROOSTER' WEATHERVANEi tions," she says. "What we really want two-man saws. If a tree falls on one of to put together is a kind of cookbook them, we'll be able to get it off quicker Almost 3 Ft. Highj for all the state and local systems that with a chain saw." Full Color I want boot camps." The idea is that the work discipline Approaches do vary somewhat, but will have correctional value. Coyle Camp REAMS, which opened last says, "It's showing young men they year, is fairly typical. Corrections peo- can get through something like this. It ple select non-violent felons between makes 'em proud." 18 and 25 and offer them a chance to Inmate Jeffrey Prince agrees. "This

trade prison sentences of as much as work and discipline, it clears your

three years for the camp's 90-day pro- mind. That's what it takes to change," gram of disciplined hard labor and its says Prince, who is midway through follow-up requirements. his sentence. What Patton and his fellow As minds clear, inmates spend inductees experienced is fairly typical. evenings in group sessions exploring They arrived in a van early one drug abuse, violence and other behav- Wednesday, and Coyle and seven men ior, or in educational pursuits such as Country Classic" in boots and drill-instructor uniforms, earning GED (General Education full color version stands almost 3 FEET TALI iand measures 17V2" across. Specially crafted fori lined up across the yard from the Development) credits toward a high vith heavy-duty metal mounting hardware and I diploma. weatherproof hi-impact materials. Easy to assem-i young men. On cue, Coyle and his school jble hardware adapts to any angle roof. Attaches I men advanced, rousting the inductees New Hampshire's corrections to porch, fence or mail box too. Can be mounted 1

on pole (included) for your yard or garden . . . It onto the gravel yard. department head Powell says the aim makes a charming garden accent! And it really

does work . . . tells which way the wind is blow-| "They have the idea guards can't is to change not just behavior, but atti- ing. Look at the price — An old fashioned bargain!. touch them." Coyle smiles. "We touch tudes and values. No. 8143X—Rooster Weathervane $16.95 No. 8147X-Schooner Weathervane $16.95 them." "You can't just throw a program j Mail Order with check, cash or money order. Include $3.45 That they did, hurling them to the together, as some states have done," he postage & handling fee (non- refundable) Allow 4-6 weeks! ground then dragging and shaking warns. "It takes fine tuning, careful delivery. All merchandise shipped under no risk, 30 day home I trial. NYS residents must include local sales tax. U them to attention as they yelled, staffing, tight management." He and Send order to: fj "Move it, you maggots!" "Back this reform activist Jerome Miller believe FOSTER-TRENT INC., DEPT. 200 -H, g way, pig!" "Up against the fence!" shock prisons can be dangerous, too. ^JKF^WOODAVL, NEV^OCHEUi,_NY 1080lj The trembling inmates then spent "The worst thing is the violence,"

52 THE AMERICAN LEGION ) " . "

Miller says. "Prison systems aren't the most professional places in the world. You get all this sadism from guards in this setting, and who knows what can Will You Allow "The Nursing Home happen." His fear is an inmate or guard could get badly hurt, even killed, if System" To Grab Your Life Savings? harassment gets too mean and person- by Lin G. Hardin - Staff Writer al. Although he concedes that he knows of no deadly event in a shock New York NY (Special) Statistics tell system" instead of allowing "the system" to control you. It is prison, yet. us that of every 100 Americans MUST turning 65 this year... 43 will reading for people over or By the end of day one, Patton and definitely spend some time in a approaching age 65, or anyone who his fellow inmates doubted they would nursing home! has loved ones nearing that age. make it through the Camp REAMS Unless you become aware NOW of Steinglass is a member of the nightmare. all the problems going into a nursing prestigious National Academy of Elder fact, the system In had already got home could cause for you and/or your Law Attorneys. He is also a Certified to one of their number, a 24-year-old spouse... you may get into very Public Accountant and specializes in drug dealer from Cleveland. Forced to serious financial trouble. Elder Law, estate planning and hold his sneakers over his head for 10 Your life savings could quickly be taxation. minutes while a guard screamed wiped out, your social security or "Here's how you can arrive at an insults at him, he sobbed, and begged company pension check confiscated. . and your home may even be seized. answer which puts YOU to be released and sent to prison for 18 The rich can afford to pay for in control instead of 'the months. Guards manacled him and nursing home care. The Government system™ ; :: . shuttled him off to the SCI, the prison pays the bills for the poor. So where the hill. Mr. Steinglass takes you by the up does that leave beleaguered middle- hand and shows you step-by-step how "You lose a few," Coyle says. "I hate income folks? ." to analyze your own personal to see it, but, you know. . . He shrugs It leaves you out in the cold... situation. thoughtfully. "The ones who finish the unless you start planning right now to It's truly a financial guidebook for whole 90 days, I think they feel good attack the problem head-on. mature adults. Many are under the false impression about this experience. They know Written in easy to understand plain that Medicare will pay for long-term they've accomplished something." layman's language, Steinglass answers nursing home costs. It WILL NOT. Whether such sense of accomplish- all your questions on the subject. Neither will your regular health ment is enough to turn them away Questions such as: insurance, veteran's benefits, nor What type bank account should from the anti-social habits that brought HMOs. them to Coyle, only time will tell. you set up to keep a nursing home When you go to a nursing home, Meanwhile, there are plenty from grabbing all your money? of stumps you have only three choices of how to The risks of giving away all your to pull around Camp REAMS. pay: 1. Personal Assets assets to your children. 2. Long Term Care Insurance How to and why you should avoid 3. Medicaid. Guardianships and Conservatorships. Studies show many people's (You'll learn about a simple legal personal assets are exhausted after just form which will accomplish the same a few weeks of nursing home LIFE MEMBERSHIPS thing at much less cost and red tape.) residence. Life Membership notices are published for Legion- How can you protect your family naires who have been awarded Life Memberships by their home from seizure by a nursing home? posts. "It's sad to say... many senior What is MediCAID and how does Life membership notices must be submitted on official citizens are finding they can't forms which may be obtained by sending a self-addressed, it differ from MediCARE? (It's leave any assets behind For their stamped envelope to: Life Memberships, The American critical that you know and understand Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206 loved ones!" the difference!) George J. Bankey, George G. Bundy, Donald T. Long Term Care Insurance is How can you qualify for Duvardo, Murrey Feldman, Roy Meinert, Joseph expensive and beyond the reach of Medicaid? Metheny (1992) Post 1 23, Santa Monica, CA Tommy J. Stringer (1991), Giles B. Anderson (1992) most people. Even if you have it, you What exactly will Medicaid pay Post Milton, FL 78, don't really know whether it will pay for in a nursing home? John L. Allen, Jimmy L. Spencer (1990) Post 50, College Park, GA off until you file a claim! It's easy to get your copy of Ralph C. Kruk, Edward R. Letourneau, Chester S. For most of us, that leaves "Safeguarding Your Hard Earned Martin, Edward J. McKenna, John Merz, Edward J. Medicaid to consider. Money. Morawski, Alex J. Pulaski, Donald S. Robinson, Acilio R. Sandri, George J. Sazama, Joseph O. Medicaid laws and regulations are All you have to do is write your Taylor, Theodore Telega, Vernon G. Wissman (1991 so muddled and the red tape so name, address, and the words "Money Post 81, Greenfield, MA tangled, the average "general practice" a plain piece paper. William T. Fossett (1992) Post 119, Guilford, ME Guidebook" on of Raymond F. McNally Jr., John L. Warack (1 991 ) Post 4, family attorney can't understand it, Mail it along with your remittance of St. Louis, MO much less the average citizen. only 7.95 plus $2 postage & handling Everett Howell (1 992) Post 1 66, Lakewood, NJ Charles L. Cadmus, Clarence Schuck (1992) Post There are absolutely NO "pat" to: Braxko Publishers, Dept. N139 351, Seaside Heights, NJ answers. Your case may be different 1220 Valley Forge Rd. Anthony J. Haley (1951), Frank Moran (1956), Frank else's. McGonigle (1957), Eugene Garlock (1965), Donald from everyone Valley Forge PA 19482-1157 Ruterto (1968), Robert Madden (1969), Robert Arthur Steinglass, a distinguished You are protected by Braxko' s full Tracy Ralph Ball Edwin White (1970), (1971), (1973), New York Attorney, has written a three month guarantee. If you are Charles Hinton (1974), Jack Bossier (1975), John Lyons (1976) Post 410, Lockport, NY new book entitled "Safeguarding Your dissatisfied for any reason..., simply Vernon B. Grossie Sr., Ernest Wayne Jones (1990), Hard Earned Money. return your Money Guidebook for a Francisco Castillo Sr., Bertice D. Hughes, Harvey It takes all the mystery out of how full, no-questions-asked refund. F. Nicholson, Ralph Ed. Robbins (1991) Post 444, Dilley.TX you can "control the nursing home Copydtb 1992 Bisdo be. NB2I1

AUGUST 1992 53 with contingencies. Not everyone or projected air or sea lift. agrees with this. All the necessary active duty forces THE MILITIA Critics maintain that a contingency for a major contingency cannot be Continuedfrom page 23 that doesn't merit Reserve and Guard moved to a conflict area in less than involvement is more appropriately 30 to 60 days—a period in which the defined as a Grenada or Panama-like necessary citizen-soldiers could be mo- operation, not one requiring 50,000 to bilized, trained and standing by waiting operational details 01 military strategy 500,000 U.S. troops. for transportation to the combat area. in the absence of any identifiable Ironically, Base Force supporters Desert Storm offers clear proof of threat. In their planning, they are con- state on one hand that the forces must this thesis. Citizen-soldier forces were sidering only hypothetical threats. be immediately available and therefore ready to deploy within days and weeks Those who back Base Force also on active duty. Yet on the other hand, of mobilization but frequently were maintain that massive military forces they state that they cannot simultane- delayed due to lack of lift. equivalent to those required for Desert ously engage in two major regional The ability of the U.S. active, Guard Storm must be on active duty to deal contingencies, due to a lack of current and Reserve components to rapidly deploy against multiple threats played a major role in fostering America's military success. That ability devel- oped from the Total Force Policy, a Stay Young-Longer! military strategy that served the United States well for nearly 20 years. Finally, there is a debate about the value of the Guard in peacetime. GINKGO BILOBA Base Force would reduce by one third National Guard forces available "Helps Reverse Your Body's Aging Process" for use by states. Only the Guard has the unique constitutional basis to serve Now you can live life to the fullest! as a state force in peacetime providing Don't grow old before your time. Ginkgo An to the respective governors trained and Recent scientific evidence indicates disciplined military forces. indispensable The National Guard and Reserve are that the use of Ginkgo can: national assets. • Increase mental acuity Nutrient They are major participants in inter- With centuries of history to back • Improve blood circulation national assistance programs, global users' claims, Ginkgo has been humanitarian efforts and with the • Reduce clotting of the blood shown to be an extraordinarily active forces participate in numerous • Improve oxygen flow to the effective herb for use in the fight international military exercises. brain against the gradual loss of mental At the grass-roots level, the Guard helps fight the war on drugs, and pro- • Relieve dizziness and physical powers associated vides disaster, emergency and civil • Eliminate ringing in the ears with aging. relief. Numerous community programs Ancient Chinese Remedy it's Not Too Late such as adopting schools, charity fund raising and volunteer work are endan- From ancient times (as long ago as 2,800 You can begin right now ~ today gered by Base Force. years), Chinese healers have prescribed -to start improving your life. 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54 THE AMERICAN LEGION The discussion really goes to the Guard and reserves have been spectac- point that you just made. The Fulda ular—-where you can bring in people THE PENTAGON Gap is now a tourist attraction. What who have special skills that we gener- Continuedfrom page 25 you wanted for the Fulda Gap was a ally don't need in large quantities dur- very highly trained force that you ing day-to-day activities, but we need could move rapidly to the scene. We in combat. said 10 divisions in 10 days. I'm not for reasonable care and benefits to the sure that anybody thinks that was Q. But don't the reserves cost a lot people who serve. entirely possible, but that was the mis- less? I believe that's important. We're not sion. That requires large numbers of H It depends what you're buying. in this for the money. I mean anyone citizen-soldiers who are ready to go on A. When you're talking about would be dead wrong if he thought very short notice. National Guard and Reserve company that's why we are here. What we must That's not the circumstance today. and battalion-level units and activities, ensure is that every serviceman and The circumstance we're describing you've got well-trained competent peo- woman know that their concerns are now is one where you have flash ple. But as the level of warfare taken care of, so they can focus on points that pop up fast. becomes progressively more sophisti- their mission. They should have ade- Many critics are now seizing on the cated and you start moving up into quate child care. They should have idea that during the Gulf War we didn't brigade-, division- and corps-level adequate places for their families to have the mobility to move the active operations, that requires a level of day- live. They should have sufficient force anyway. That, we're moving to to-day training you simply don't get on income to take care of basic needs. correct. The Mobility Requirements a part-time basis. Our concern also applies to those Study stresses need for the C-17 and Look at my experience in the Naval

leaving the service. We have a host of more fast sealift. And we're taking that Reserve. I could handle my ship one- programs in place to help in the transi- one on. on-one in anti-submarine warfare. But

tion to civilian life, not really so much when I started doing battle force oper- in job placement, but in making sure Q. So the argument isn't that if ations, man, that was hard stuff. And they have the tools so they can be you're going to be slow, you might you have to know how to do it on a employed in the future. That they have as well be slow with the reserves. It's day-to-day basis.

education. That they have access to job that you shouldn't be slow, period? I don't care what color you paint referral systems. - Yes, mass and speed are the ways somebody, if he has to train every day

Many of these young men and A. to solve a problem quickly. to do it, then you hire him and pay him women have come into the military for It is the middle ground where the the money. the specific purpose of equipping themselves better to compete in the economy. didn't in to They come A Legendary Collection For Romantic Couples of All Ages! become career military people. They came in for the in-service training and When You Were post-service benefits. It's a value- added kind of thing. If the economy Sweet Sixteen were better, I think that you probably 50 Cheek-to-Cheek Favorites would see a lot less concern about From The Good Old Days how tough it is out there. * Original Hits! * Original Stars!

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City .State Zip One of these days the Democrats are going to get fed up with your Republican bias and form their own veterans' organization. We served this ONCE-IN-A-LIFETIME country, too. Democrats are veterans too and their view is never heard. SPECIAL OFFER! James Blankenship Monroe, Ohio Introducing readers of the American Legion Magazine to the 1992 American Silver Eagle Dollar as a No Testing I will not submit to drug testing, ONE POUND and I don't care what the courts say ("A Drug War We've Won," February). SILVER PROOF This kind of treatment is an example of being guilty before the fact. I never (SHOWN ACTUAL SIZE) used drugs, and to submit to a drug Join a select group of collectors who're screen would be an insult to a person's investing in a limited edition minting of integrity. One Pound Pure Solid Silver Proofs of the To see our loss of personal 1992 Silver Eagle Dollar. This exclusive rights almost makes me ashamed to offering, a $269 value for just $99, is priced have served to protect our so-called to introduce readers of the American Legion Magazine to the thrill of owning an way of life. authentic Silver Eagle Proof. to Pound And Henry F. Cox offer those who're already collectors the opportunity to SAVE $170. Mindenmines, Mo. Imagine this gleaming Silver Proof in your hand; one pound of pure United States Bullion Silver, measuring a full 3.5 inches in diameter. Individually serially numbered High Caliber and edge-marked with its weight and purity. I was very disappointed with two Faithfully capturing the intricate detail and each plus $10 each insured delivery, backed beauty of the Silver Eagle Dollar. Each articles in the February magazine. In by a money-back guarantee of satisfaction. accompanied by a numbered Certificate of To order send check/money order or Cliff Kincaid's Washington Watch col- Authenticity and Lifetime Guarantee. A charge to Visa, MasterCard, Annex by umn, a sentence read: "Democrats will privately produced proof minting by the sending the raised information on your Federal Coin Fund for readers of the card with your address and phone propose a national waiting period for American Legion Magazine for just $99 number to: handgun purchases, a law backed by Federal Coin Fund, Dept. 912 MAIL YOUR ORDER OR CALL TOLL FREE TODAY many chiefs of police." 57 Greentree Dr., Dover, DE. 19901-2685 This has an anti-gun twist. The 1-800-USA-5858 PRICE GUARANTEED THROUGH AUG. 1992 ONLY wording could have been more neutral.

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION . '

Then on page 60, in "Children of The amazing walk-behind "brush hog"! the Nightmare," I read this: "But why THE FIELD does any given child become a crimi- The DR* FIELD and! Continuedfrom page 28 nal? Everything from rock music to brain tumors has received some blame, BRUSH MOWER but the most culpable factors appear to CLEARS & MAINTAINS meadows, pas- be drugs, access to guns, abuse and tures, woodlots, wooded and rough non-lawn areas with ease. CUTS tall grass, weeds, bram- neglect by parents, and poverty." Klutz, with his West Point education bles, tough brush and saplings up to 1" thick. I question what access to guns has and background. But for the average CHOPS/MULCHES most everything it cuts. soldier, airman, Marine and sailor, it to do with a child becoming a crimi- Leaves NO TANGLE of brush to pick up like nal. When I was growing up, my father will be much tougher. The services handheld brushcutters and sicklebar mowers. Perfect for had 70 or 80 guns around the house. If have set up programs to teach job- low-maintenance wildflower a child into a hunting skills and other assistance. access to guns turned meadows, European- style criminal, I'd be a mass murderer But with jobs scarce, many ex-ser- woodlots, walking paths, or instead of a reasonably well-adjusted vice members will face tough going any area you only want to mow once a adult on active duty in the Navy. when they hit the streets. Military month or once a skills not count for in a Access to guns and a lack of gun-safe- may much season! ty training may cause a child to be a flooded job market where employers more violent criminal; access to guns can easily find cheap labor. does not turn the child into a criminal. Marine Lance Cpl. John Wilson One of the reasons I joined The spent more than seven months in the American Legion was because of the desert during the Persian Gulf conflict. organization's strong stance in support The 22-year-old infantryman liked the of the Second Amendment. The Marine Corps and hoped to make it a American Legion magazine owes its career, but shortly after returning to

readers a reflection of that stance, the United States he found out he Please mail this coupon TODAY for complete FREE I DETAILS of the DR» FIELD and BRUSH MOWER instead of repeating anti-gun lies. couldn't re-enlist for a second tour. I including prices, specifications, and "Off-Season" I The infantry field was too crowded, he Paul E. Brockfeld I Savings now in effect. There is no obligatioal Imperial Beach, Calif. was told. Now he is looking for a job. And he's worried. "To be honest, there's not I' |C«y_ a high demand for machine-gunners in Final Frontier iTo:COUNTRY HOME PRODUCTS', Dept. 49208F i outside world," he says. [Box 89^^ Road.^Owrlotte _VT .05445 The letter by Ray A. Flora the _ j (Vetvoice, February) deserves a quick response. Our space program is the only government program leading the Get out and about with United States and the world into the future. I would sooner give up all the ELECTRIC MOBILITY! ship construction than abandon the space program. Knowledge belongs to

those who pay for it, whether it is paid ATTENTION VETERANS: We're giving away 12 FREE for in blood, toil or just plain cash. If Rascals in 1992! Return this other nations want to pay for access to coupon today or CALL TOLL-FREE space, that's fine.

The United States must plan for its 1-800-662-4548 children and children yet to be. This For your FREE Catalog and 1992 planning must include exploration of Sweepstakes Entry Form. space and exploitation of its resources. Harold W. Hamblet Ask about Veterans Plans and Insurance Reimbursement when call! Virginia Beach, Va. Win a FREE you

Rascal Scooter in 1992! A Rascal scooter from Elec- Yes! Please send me a FREE Color Catalog Vermont Guard tric Mobility is your ticket to and 1992 Sweepstakes Entry Form. Did you or someone you know serve increased independence! It Name with the 43rd Division, 172nd takes you shopping, visiting Infantry, 2nd Battalion, Companies E, and anywhere you want to go!

F, G or H of the federalized Vermont What's more, your Rascal is City State National Guard from May 7-19, 1945, a cinch to operate. With just Zip . Phone ( at Ipo Dam, Luzon, Philippines? If so, one hand, you easily control please call Leigh Sykes Special Date of Birth / starting, stopping and steer- _ Project Veterans Affairs, toll free at 1 ing. And the Rascal runs up to (800) 845-5809, and leave your name ELECTRIC\\\\\\ 20 miles on one charge from and address. MOBILITY////// the built-in battery charger. Donald E. Edwards 1 Mobility Plaza, Dept. 3562, Sewell, NJ 08080 Colchester, Vt.

AUGUST 1 992 57 DiFrancesco said that Hines obvi- totally mystified. "We don't expect HEALTH PLAN ously would not recognize VA today. ABC to have an understanding of what "Instead of a needs- driven agency, it veterans' needs are, and we don't Continuedfrom page 12 has become a bureaucracy steered by believe The Washington Post is obli- the budget. When budget constraints gated to be an advocate for veterans," become too tight, the simple solution DiFrancesco said. "But we do expect is to chop veterans from the eligibility that a cabinet-level officer, appointed Limit VA health care to a narrowly roles, as was done with the means test- by the President and confirmed by the defined group of veterans; and extend ing in 1984, with the A, B and C clas- Senate, should at least be a defender of VA services to include Medicare-eligi- sification system that followed, and veterans—if not an advocate. ble civilians. with the Omnibus Budget Reconcilia- "We don't know what Mr. On Feb. 16, Derwinski told The tion Act of 1990, which created the Derwinski stands for anymore or who Montgomery (Ala.) Advertiser that the mandatory and discretionary classifi- he represents. He certainly doesn't belief the federal government will pro- cations." represent veterans. Perhaps, as history

vide exclusive health care to its veter- VA Secretary Derwinski's media has shown, the only advocates for vet- ans is a "myth in the veterans' world." campaign has been successful in at erans are veterans themselves." National Commander DiFrancesco least two cases. The Washington Post

said Derwinski 's attitude toward veter- supported the RHCI proposal and ans contrasts starkly with the VA's first ABC news carried a story alleging the administrator, Frank T. Hines. In VA hospital in Tuskegee, Ala., routine- TAPS 1932, Hines said, "We all recognize ly keeps its doors closed in emergency Taps Notices mention, whenever possible, those the government's moral obligation of cases for non-veterans. Legionnaires who have held high national or department taking care of the veteran and his "The ABC story was a complete office in the Legion or the U.S. government, or who have attained other forms of national prominence. dependents, who, through service has distortion of the truth," DiFrancesco Harold Sylvanne Brubaker, MT Department Vice suffered disability which prevents him pointed out. "The truth is that VA cen- Commander (1956-57); Department Commander from carrying on after service. ters have always treated non-veterans (1957-58) Floyd Eugene Fann Sr., AL Department Vice Comman- "Likewise, it has been the policy of on an emergency basis. Once the der (1978-79); Department Commander (1979-80); the American government to care for patients are stabilized, they are trans- National Alternate Executive Committeeman (1984- 88); National Executive Committeeman (1988-90).

its veterans when they have reached ferred to private hospitals." Alex M. Geiger, SC Department Commander (1 962-63). Steward R. Kunde, the time of life when they are unable DiFrancesco said Derwinski's MN Department Vice Commander (1980-81); Department Commander (1982-83);

to carry on," said Hines. opposition to H.R. 5263 leaves him National Vice Commander (1 984-86).

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Savings Bonds, Mutual Funds, stocks, whole life • If you give your money to your children without checks payable to The Leader Co., Inc.) VISA or insurance, annuities and other types of investments. following these precise guidelines, a nursing MasterCard, send card number and expiration date. They can also take a vacation home or a second home could get your money anyhow Act now. Don't leave your assets in jeopardy. car. In addition, your entire Social Security or • This type of bank account can prevent a nursing ©1992 The Leader Co., Inc.

THE AMERICAN LEGION was an April 1992 study by the to civilians. It denies any ill effects of Environmental Protection Agency dioxin on Vietnam veterans, Christian AGENT ORANGE (EPA). It stated that dioxin definitely says. Continuedfrom page 18 caused cancer and that there was a This complicated, heart-wrenching high risk of birth defects related to issue is vital to the lives of Vietnam dioxin. veterans' children. For some reason, the EPA's study Yet, the federal government has Then in 1974, their son, Scott, was did not address Vietnam veterans. The demonstrated that it will not award born. He was missing fingers and toes, Legion has asked the EPA why it didn't compensation unless forced to by an and the Solbergs wondered what had include veterans' families in the study, overwhelming weight of scientific evi- caused the deformities. but to date there has been no response. dence. If researchers do not determine Five years later, one day after his Interpretation of statistics is another how dioxin is introduced into human 35th birthday, Roger Solberg died of roadblock. The Air Force's Project fetuses, Vietnam veterans' children chondrosarcoma, cancer of the carti- Ranch Hand study, which documented with birth defects, and even their chil- lage. health effects on 12,000 airmen who dren, may well be without hope. A few years later, a new word sprayed Agent Orange in Vietnam, has "Daddy, will my children be born entered American vocabularies: diox- been widely used by VA to refute argu- like me?" in. Carol found out that her husband ments that Agent Orange causes birth Somebody needs to answer that had been exposed time and again defects. question. By Ken Scharnberg while he served in Vietnam. But the Association of Birth Defect Until the birth of her son and the Children and other scientific groups death of her husband, Carol said, the read the same numbers out of the same family had no history of birth defects report very differently. They see a or cancer. Moreover, her son's prob- much higher incident of birth defects COMRADES IN DISTRESS lems escalated. By 1987, he was diag- in the children of Vietnam veterans. Readers who can help these veterans are urged to write a witness letter, including the CID number. Send the nosed as suffering from idiopathic Clearly, if the government accepted letters to CID, The American Legion Magazine, Box thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP), the results of these studies, it would 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206. Notices are published only at the requests of American which affects the immune system. have to pay billions of dollars to sec- Legion Service Officers representing claimants, using Scott needed injections of gamma ond generation victims of Agent Search for Witness Forms available from Department globulin every three weeks. Orange, says Legion Agent Orange Legion Service Officers. 428th Ord. Tire Repair Co. Weston H. Fredette needs Treatments used to cost $4,000 each researcher Christian. So far, it recog- witnesses to verfify that while stationed at Saipan in when Scott began, but thanks to med- nizes the risk of dioxin exposure only 1 945, he fell from a beached tank. Contact CID 1 1 55. ical advancements, the costs have now dropped to $2,000 per treatment.

CAROL Solberg cannot afford med- C "The Lovable Lush" ical insurance. Time and again, she contacted VA and other federal officials, seeking relief, information and justice. Each time, she was met FOSTER BROOKS with a stone wall. "The federal government and VA NOW AVAILABLE ON VIDEO have failed to conduct complete Foster Brooks - famous as the man who took Johnny Carson ground-troop studies to determine the by surprise, will delight you with this 85 minute video of his effects of Agent Orange exposure," funniest comedy routines ever! Appearing on many TV show such as Bill Cosby's, Dean Martin's the says Christian. "Even though there Roasts of 70's, and having a number of movies under his hilarious intoxicated have been scientific reports that inde- belt... the master of nightclub comedy will delight you with a pendently verify the ill effects of video you'll want to watch again and again! "Don't Laugh, Agent Orange, the government does You're Next" and Foster's "Private Party" will have you rolling not recognize them." on the floor with laughter at Foster's hilarious comedy, There have been plenty of surveys outrageous one-liners, and side-splitting craziness' Call toll free to order your copy today! by states and concerned organizations, but never enough money to conduct 1-800-448-6600 comprehensive studies. For example, a Michigan Agent Orange Program sur- Recorded at the GOLD BUFFET in Kansas City vey of 50,000 Vietnam veterans in NOT AVAILABLE Mill to: BenJon Production* • P.O. Box 7329 • Louisville, KY • 40257-0329 ; IN STORES Yes, please send me the Foster Brooks comedy tape of my choice. I pay $3.95 Michigan indicated that the rate of ; postage and handling for each video ordered. their first-born children suffering from TWO SUPER COMEDY Please send me: leukemia was nearly 30 times the SHOWS AVAILABLE ;

reported Foster's 85 minute Foster's 85 min. video for $29.95 similar ; number by a number I comedy extravaganza of Vietnam-era veterans who did not ; Foster's 34 min. video for $19.95 including his I

; serve in-country. "Private Party" for only ! i CHECK MONEY ORDER City "You can make no inference from $29.95 -or- Amount Enclosed $ ; statistics," says Mekdeci of Florida's ; Foster's 34 minute Credit Card Account No. ; Sorry- co C.O.D.'s or Cash birth defect registry. "It requires a for- Don't Laugh, You're Next"; ]

! Please 3-4 ! allow weeks delivery. mal, legitimate scientific study." for only Signature (required v $19.95 VISA MASTER CARD for charge orders) Exp. Date. The closest the government got

AUGUST 1992 59 .

SEND ADVERTISING COPY All classified advertising is payable in advance AND REMITTANCE TO: by check or money order. Please make remittance payable to "The American Legion Magazine." RATES: Jay A. Jennison $1 4 per word. Count street address and box numbers The American Legion Magazine as two words; all city, state and zip codes as three c/o Fox Associates, Inc. words. GUARANTEED CIRCULATION: 2,900,000 116W. Kinzie Street per month. DEADLINE: Advertising copy must be Chicago, IL 60610 received 60 days before cover date of issue desired. All advertisements are accepted at the discretion of (312) 644-3888 the publisher. FAX (312) 644-8718

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THE AMERICAN LEGION 1

Legion shopper

Blank Firing Adaptor DISTRIBUTORSHIP Do you or a loved one For 30 caL Ml NO SELLING REQUIRED GARAND RIFLE WILL NOT INTERFERE WITH have trouble PRESENT EMPLOYMENT Equipment mfg. and distributor of climbing stairs? nationally advertised candy and popcorn products seeks local partner With BLANK ADAPTOR installed, your rifle will fire to service company established routes. blank ammunition semi-automatically. If stairs can't be You need $14,000 - $22,000, 100% BLANK FIRING ADAPTOR $8.75 each. 10 for $75.00 climbed due to a WHITE LEATHER secured with equipment and starting SLING $19.95 each, 10 for $180.00 health or Please include check with order. inventory. This is a turn key business Shipping charges:$5.00 per order. disability Installation instructions included. allowing you to start part-time and Catalog available for other U.S. Military gun parts. condition, get a build into full-time with no further AMHERST ARMS investment. Nat'l census shows Liberty® lift and P.O. Box 658 Mt. Airy, MD 21771 Phone - ride comfortably Weekday Afternoons (301 ) 829-9544 $3,500 $10,000 per month. If you ^^^Owne^nc^perate^y^mie^lanne^^^ are sincere about owning your own up and down business, call for personal interview stairs. There's a

and full disclosure; 7 days, 24 hours. Liberty lift All American Rider Toll Free 1 800 238 1 637 model for straight, curved and even spiral stairways. Customers often say: I Finest Men's/Ladies' wish I'd purchased a Liberty lift sooner.

IMftggyidson Liberty® Lift kessory Items IBUPROFEN

The Magic Word For more information call: For Pain Relief (And Until Now, Expensive) 1-800-568-1222 At last you can get wonderful ibuprofen for less than you're paying for name-brand aspirin and much less than Freedom of Movement® ti^

Tylenol.® Formula 462 from Wonder Laboratories is lull- strength, comparable in every way to Advil 8 and CHENEY\ '} Nuprin* and Motrin* and Medipren* Giant 16-page Full Color -all of which cost Catalog and Nearest Dealer: 2 to 3 times as much! You buy direct and save plenty. 1 Dept. AL 0892, P.O. Box 51 188 New Berlin, Wl 53757 Send $1 .00— Refundable If you're interested in seeing how you can get with First Order To: A.A.R. P.O. Box 7663 Newport Beach. CA 92658 Just write "Formula 462" and your name

and address on a card and mail to: TAN AT HOME! Home & Commercial Wonder Laboratories, Dept. F90 WOLFF Tanning Beds Lock Box 820 • White House, TN 37188 Units From $199 Home Delivery! TABLE PADS CALL TODAY FOR FREE COLOR CATALOG AND ASK ABOUT WHOLESALE PRICING! -800-228-6292 FREE LEAF SPECIAL

Factory Priced From $29.95 Compare at 99.95 TOLL FREE 800-435-5119 AUTHORS WANTED BY Quality Pad • Any Normal Size 1 (800) 428-4567 NEW YORK PUBLISHER DIRECT TABLE PAD COMPANY offers by 25% for swords Leading subsidy book publisher seeks manuscripts of all types: fiction, non-fiction, poetry, scholarly David E. J. Pepin — Member NBTHK, Tokyo, Japan and juvenile works, etc. New authors welcomed. Dept. AM, P.O. Box 354, Grant Park, IL 60940 Send for free, illustrated 32 -page brochure L-106 MEMBER of AMERICAN LEGION Vantage Press, 5 1 , . Y. 1 FISHERE3 6 W. 34 St . New York, N 000 METAL DETECTORS FOR: BEACHCOMBING • RELIC HUNTING PROSPECTING • UNDERWATER AIR FOR POST ®PRT ELECTRONICS. INC. CLEAN YOUR OR WORKPLACE 7428 N. US 31 • SEYMOUR, IN 47274 Clear smoke from the air with a Smokemaster 1-800-547-7714 (free catalog) commercial or industrial air cleaner. • Supplies Call 1-800-328-0787 • Cell Cleaner for FREE brochure or Loose Dentures? ordering information. " I • Parts for residents call: PERMA-SOFT jj MN I The Professional Denture Reline many brands (612) 544-4426 ' Material. Last up to 2 years. Stops I Gum Shrinkage. ALL with just Application! ONE Air Quality Engineering, Inc. . For Free Information write: PERMA LABORATORIES 3340 Winpark Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55427 | P.O. Box 134-L ' Millersburg, Ohio 44654

AUGUST 1992 61 "

Legion shopper

Do your heels ache? IMPOTENCE IS TREATABLE

Call toll free for your free brochure and Why suffer another with day sore heels ( and even heel information on spur aches) when Cushi-Heel Pillow gives you quick relief while you walk or run? Developed by an athlete, LIGHT a simple home who suffered just as you do, and who couldn't find GIANT MAGNIFIER anything which helped. His U.S. patented (No. 3,984,926) remedy Now you can read the finest print ... even in the pads are exactly the right shape, density and compression dark! magnifier enlarges and illuminates by to cushion the weight your heels must bear. Mailmen, Our housewives, waitresses, sales people, nurses, bartenders, its own built-in light. Makes hard to see print & Foster Brooks m school teachers, people who must be on their feet all objects clear and readable. Perfect for car maps, TV and Movie Star/ !;< \ swear by them. Joggers, tennis, golf, basketball and rac- boating charts, stamp and coin collectors or for quetball players find they can now play in comfort even finding listings in the phone book. Runs on 2 "C" Our treatment is non-invasive with heel spur problems. If not satisfied, return within batteries (not included). and is the first choice of many 10 days for full and prompt refund. Only $9.95 plus $1.00 S&H. Send check or MO Calderon Products, Inc. physicians. It is a safe and easy to: GIANT MAGNIFIER LIGHT, UPSTATE 117 Falrlawn Plaza Drive, Dept. L3 to use alternative to surgery, P.O. Box 5387. Akron, OH 44334«(216) 8644100 GIFT SHOP, 7424 WEST LAKE ROAD 14545. (NY res. + 7% tax) drugs or injections. One pair Cushi Heel Pillows $7.75 p.pd. SCOTTSBURG, NY Save! Two pairs for only $13.50 p.pd. Save more! Three pairs for only $17.95 p.pd. MEDICARE APPROVED Fast delivery! Shipped by First Class Mail. WE WILL HELP YOU FILE Enclosed: check money order cash VINTAGE YOUR llSfe^ FOR YOUR BROCHURE CALL TOLL FREE Visa -MasterCard holders (TO ORDER ONLY) WRIST WATCH Call Toll Free 1-800-942-4000 «S£k% 1-800-221-6603 24 hrs. a day, 7 days a week. COULD BE WORTH fJKju Ohio residents add 5Vi% sales tax. OR WRITE TOJ|™ Specify shoe size: 5100,000 Men's shoe size Women's shoe size Wlm encOrE,inc. 18 K SI 5,000 14 K $10,000 STEEL 53,000 i MEDICAL PRODUCTS CENTRE

Call for other watch prices. Top prices paid for Rolex, Patek, 2300 Plantside Dr. Louisville, KY 40299- Vacheron, Cartier, Audemars, Movado, Breitling, and Universal Geneve watches of any kind. Exact price depends on style of case, dial, originality and condition. To sell a watch call: 1 (800) 922-4377. We will beat any and all offers! For free appraisals write:

Make '25 to '100 per hour HESS INVESTMENTS Home Office: 3637-Fourth Street North, Suite #360 St. Petersburg, FL 33704 with We are a member.

Yes. it's really possible by making and

selling bright colorful Badge-A-Mimt buttons Burtons are proven

money-makers at tairs. tlea mai kets. conventions, or anywhere AWARD CASES people congregate They're ALSO MEDALS AND RIBBONS 1 fast and easy to make with Solid hartiwood.gunstock walnut finish. Full Badge-A-Mimt and inexpensive' between glass and black, blue, red or white velvety mounting board. 5"x7" -$18.95, Send tor a FREE Full color 8"x10" -$24.95. irx14" -$29.95, catalog or send for a 14"x20" - $39.95, 20 "x24 " -$59.95. Add Starter Kit, only $29 95 $5.00 shipping per case. (No P.O. Boxes) plus $2 95 shipping (IL R. ANDREW FULLER COMPANY residents add $1 87 tax) Box 2071 -L, Pawtucket, Rl 02861 VISA/ MC Accepted (Write for FREE Catalog)

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62 THE AMERICAN LEGION "

Why it takes The Problem FACTORY-DIRECT DISCOUNTS! ADJUSTABLE BEDS legwork to NAIL FUNGUS " )§b • Doctor Recommended s 'Low as $25 a month fjL g flatten your The Solution ~ Tfc, Ilk.* Electric Control FUNGI NAIL stomach. Try this safe, simple, effective remedy You can't reduce stomach fat for the symptoms of embarrassing nail by exercising abdominal LIFT-N-RECLINE CHAIRS fungus. Fungi Nail* fights thick, split, muscles alone. discolored nails. powerful anti- Two •Medicare Claim Service Research has shown that exercises fungal agents fight infection on toenails •Doctor Recommended that work only the abdominal region eliminate the •Push Button Control and fingernails and work to are not effective. They simply don't actual fungus. Easy to apply as nail pol- involve enough muscle mass to burn ish. No prescription needed. the calories necessary to trim fat. Do you use Artificial Nails? Instead of flattening they merely ELECTRIC SCOOTERS strengthen underlying muscles, Then you should use Fungi Nail* to Go anywhere. ..with ease! providing no reduction in girth, prevent the nail fungus associated with » ** 'Money Back Guarantee fatfolds, or total body fat percentage. artificial nails. • Monthly Payment Plan Available at your pharmacy or have The exclusive • Medicare Claim Service them contact Kramer Laboratories, NordicTrack® total-body PLUS WHEELCHAIRS, HOSPITAL BEDS, AND MORE! 8778 S. W. 8 St., Miami, H. 33174 aerobic exerciser is the Call 1-800-622-8806 most effective way to For FREE catalog and factory discount prices flatten your stomach. AMERICAN HEALTH MFG. Dpt. AL The total-body motion of P.O. Box 16287, Baltimore MD 21210 NordicTrack involves all major body Control Water Weeds muscles. Which means you burn Amazing Underwater Harvesting Tool more body fat in less time than with the WATER-WEEDER Harvester many other in-home exercise

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AUGUST 1992 63 "

Parting shots

No Lyin' An antelope and a lion entered a diner and took a booth near the win- dow. When the waiter came over, the antelope said, "I'll take a bowl of hay and a side order of radishes." The waiter pointed at the lion and said, "And what will your friend be having?" "Nothing," replied the antelope. "Why not? Isn't he hungry?" The antelope shook his head in dis- belief and said,"Hey, if he was hungry,

would I be sitting here?"

Stamp Of Approval This business about which image of Elvis to use on a stamp is ridiculous. Why didn't they just ask him?

Return To Sender "This is going to hurt me a lot more than it's going to hurt you. According to legend, a man inter- rupted one of Buddha's lectures and heaped a mountain of abuse on him. Write Stuff Un-Cover Buddha patiently waited for the man to burn himself out and then asked, "If "I come from a family of writers," "I wish tabloids wouldn't plaster all a man offered a gift to another but the one man boasted. "My father writes this silly and probably inaccurate non- gift was declined, to whom would the songs no one can sing. My sister sense about our politicians' sex lives gift belong?" writes poems no one can understand. all over the covers," said one woman "To the one who offered it," the And I write checks no one can cash." to a checkout clerk. man said. "I know," said the clerk. "It disgusts "Then, I decline your abuse," said me, too." Buddha, "and request you keep it for Air Fair "Not only that, but it means I have yourself." If airline fares keep dropping, some to turn to the inside to find out about passengers may eventually be able to the flying saucers." visit some of the places where their luggage goes. Squeezable News The economy is getting so soft that Lost & Found they're considering publishing The "Can you boys tell me where the Wall Street Journal on Charmin. town hall is?" asked a visiting preach- er. "I'm speaking there tonight." After getting directions, he invited Oui, Oui, Mickey the boys to attend, saying, "I'll tell you Overheard at Euro-Disneyland: how to get to heaven." "Let's go to Fantasyland. I hear the "Are you kidding?" one boy said. French there are polite." "You can't even find the town hall."

Rubber Check Heavy Metal Boss: "Why is this computer Bill: "Well, I just invested $15,000 down?" in precious metals." Computer Technician: "Somebody "You mean I do the Hokie Pokie and

Will: "Gold or silver?" dropped a rubber band into it, and it's I turn myself around, and that's what

Bill: "Neither. I bought a new car." making snap decisions." it's all about?"

64 THE AMERICAN LEGION Remember The First Time You Were Late For Work?

It's 0500 hours. You were up late. So you just roll over and drift back into a peaceful sleep. After all, it's a free Country. Right? Most people have never tried to explain to a drill sergeant why they decided to "sleep in" when everyone else was working. If they tried it, they would learn something real fast . . . there are times when discus- sion about personal freedom is not appropriate. Some would have us believe that there are no obligations to citizen- ship in a free Nation. That personal freedom is everything. But as you think about renewing your membership this year, consider this: As veterans, we once gave up all our personal freedoms to defend the rights of others. We were separated from our families for years. We experienced the terror and pain of watching friends fall in combat. We learned the hard way that freedom is not free. But, who will teach our children that fact if we do not?

Renew your membership today ... because doing nothing is not an option. . HABAND'S

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a pair when you buy 2 15"or more

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I I Check here for embossed bonded leather Belt. 1^, Even sizes 30-44. $4.95 each. 46-54, $5.95 each.

I enclose . pairs of jeans. $ purchase price. Please add $3.70 toward postage and handling.

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Made in ,, mr the I ',A