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Bell pepper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Log in / create account Article Talk Read Edit View history Bell pepper From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Main page "Green pepper" redirects here. For green peppercorns, see Black pepper. Contents Bell pepper, also known as sweet pepper or a pepper (in Featured content the UK) and (in Australia and New Zealand), is Current events capsicum a cultivar group of the species Capsicum annuum (chili Random article pepper). Cultivars of the plant produce fruits in different Donate to Wikipedia colors, including red, yellow, orange and green. Bell Interaction peppers are sometimes grouped with less pungent pepper Help varieties as "sweet peppers". Peppers are native to Mexico, About Wikipedia Central America and northern South America. Pepper Community portal seeds were later carried to Spain in 1493 and from there Recent changes spread to other European, African and Asian countries. Contact Wikipedia Today, China is the world's largest pepper producer, followed by Mexico. Toolbox Print/export Contents [hide] 1 Nomenclature Languages 2 Varieties 3 Nutritional value Asturianu 4 Production Dansk 5 Gallery Esperanto 6 See also Español 7 References 8 External links Français Қазақша [edit] 한국어 Nomenclature Bahasa Indonesia The misleading name "pepper" (pimiento in Spanish) was Red, yellow, and green bell peppers. Íslenska given by Christopher Columbus upon bringing the plant back to Europe. At that time peppercorns, the fruit of Piper Lietuvių nigrum, an unrelated plant originating from India, were a Bell pepper Magyar highly prized condiment; the name "pepper" was at that Heat None (SR:0) time applied in Europe to all known spices with a hot and Nederlands pungent taste and so naturally extended to the newly discovered Capsicum genus. The most 日本語 commonly used alternative name of the plant family, "chili", is of Central American origin. Bell Português peppers are botanically fruits, but are generally considered in culinary contexts to be vegetables. While the bell pepper is a member of the Capsicum genus, it is the only Capsicum apart from Svenska Capsicum rhomboideum that does not produce capsaicin,[1] a lipophilic chemical that can cause a strong burning sensation when it comes in contact with mucous membranes. The lack of capsaicin in 文 中 bell peppers is due to a recessive form of a gene that eliminates capsaicin and, consequently, the "hot" taste usually associated with the rest of the Capsicum genus.[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_pepper[3/6/2012 3:30:13 PM] Bell pepper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The terms "bell pepper", "pepper" or in Australia and New Zealand "capsicum", are often used for any of the large bell shaped fruits, regardless of their color. In British English, the fruit is simply referred to as a "pepper", or additionally by colour (as in the term "green pepper", for example), whereas in many Commonwealth of Nations countries, such as India and Malaysia, they are called "bell peppers". Across Europe, the term "paprika", which has its roots in the word for pepper, is used— sometimes referred to by their color (e.g., "groene paprika", "gele paprika", in Dutch, which are green and yellow, respectively). Paprika also refers to the powdered spice made from the fruits in the Capsicum genus.[3] In France, it is called "poivron", with the same root as "poivre" (meaning "pepper"), or "piment". In Korea, the word 피망 ("pimang" from the French) refers to green bell peppers, whereas 파프리카 ("papurika" from paprika) refers to bell peppers of other colors. Varieties [edit] The color can be green, red, yellow, orange and more rarely, white, rainbow (between stages of ripening) and purple, depending on when they are harvested and the specific cultivar. Green peppers are less sweet and slightly more bitter than yellow or orange peppers, with red bell peppers being the sweetest. The taste of ripe peppers can also vary with growing conditions and post-harvest storage treatment; the sweetest are fruit allowed to ripen fully on the plant in full sunshine, while fruit harvested green and after-ripened in storage are less sweet. Nutritional value [edit] Compared to green peppers, red peppers have more Pepper, sweet, green raw vitamins and nutrients and contain the antioxidant Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) lycopene. The level of carotene, like lycopene, is nine Energy 84 kJ (20 kcal) times higher in red peppers. Red peppers have twice the Carbohydrates 4.64 g vitamin C content of green peppers.[4] Also, one large - Sugars 2.40 g red bell pepper contains 209 mg of vitamin C, which is - Dietary fiber 1.7 g three times the 70 mg of an average orange. Fat 0.17 g Production [edit] Protein 0.86 g Vitamin A equiv. 18 μg (2%) [5] Bell and Chile pepper production (tonnes) Thiamine (vit. B1) 0.057 mg (5%) Country 2004 2005 2006 2007 Riboflavin (vit. B2) 0.028 mg (2%) Niacin (vit. B ) 0.480 mg (3%) China 12,031,031 12,530,180 13,031,000 14,033,000 3 Pantothenic acid (B5) 0.099 mg (2%) Mexico 1,431,258 1,617,264 1,681,277 1,690,000 Vitamin B6 0.224 mg (17%) 1,100,514 1,058,023 1,100,000 1,100,000Folate (vit. B9) 10 μg (3%) Indonesia Vitamin C 80.4 mg (97%) Turkey 1,700,000 1,829,000 1,842,175 1,090,921Calcium 10 mg (1%) Spain 1,077,025 1,063,501 1,074,100 1,065,000Iron 0.34 mg (3%) United Magnesium 10 mg (3%) 978,890 959,070 998,210 855,870 States Phosphorus 20 mg (3%) Potassium 175 mg (4%) Nigeria 720,000 721,000 721,500 723,000 Zinc 0.13 mg (1%) Egypt 467,433 460,000 470,000 475,000 Percentages are relative to US recommendations Korea, for adults. 410,281 395,293 352,966 345,000 Source: USDA Nutrient Database South 318,000 345,000 318,000 340,000 Netherlands http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_pepper[3/6/2012 3:30:13 PM] Bell pepper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 237,240 203,751 279,126 280,000 Romania Ghana 270,000 270,000 277,000 279,000 Italy 362,430 362,994 345,152 252,194 Tunisia 255,000 256,000 256,000 250,000 Algeria 265,307 248,614 275,888 233,000 126,133 113,371 206,419 207,000 Hungary 182,340 190,480 235,570 192,000 Morocco Serbia* 159,741 167,477 177,255 150,257 Japan 153,400 154,000 146,900 150,000 Israel 129,100 134,700 150,677 136,000 World 24,587,124 25,261,259 26,252,907 26,056,900 Note: Serbia before 2006 incl. Montenegro Gallery [edit] Orange bell pepper A variety of coloured bell A whole and halved red peppers bell pepper A whole purple pepper Red bell peppers Japanese green pepper Green, yellow and red Quadrato d'Asti Giallo bell Baby Bell pepper http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_pepper[3/6/2012 3:30:13 PM] Bell pepper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia peppers pepper flower Red bell pepper as decoration See also [edit] List of capsicum cultivars Wikibooks Cookbook has a Scoville scale recipe/module on Paprika Bell Pepper Stuffed peppers References [edit] 1. ^ http://www.chiliwonders.com/chili.scoville.htm 2. ^ "The World's Healthies Foods" . Retrieved February 23, 2010. 3. ^ Azhar Ali Farooqi; B. S. Sreeramu; K. N. Srinivasappa (2005). Cultivation of Spice Crops . Universities Press. pp. 336–. ISBN 9788173715211. Retrieved 22 August 2010. 4. ^ http://www.fitsugar.com/node/167874/results 5. ^ "Table 64--World bell and chile peppers: Production 1990-2007" . United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-05-08. External links [edit] Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bell pepper V · T · E · Capsicum cultivars [hide] Aleppo · Anaheim · Ancho · Banana pepper · Bell pepper · Cascabel · Cayenne · Chilaca · Chungyang Red Pepper · Chiltepin · Cubanelle · De árbol · Dundicut · Facing heaven · Fresno · C. annuum Guajillo · Hungarian wax · Italian sweet · Jalapeño · Mirasol · Macho · Medusa · Mulato · New Mexico (Anaheim) · Paprika · Pasilla · Peperoncini · Peter · Piquín · Pimento · Poblano · Puya · Santa Fe Grande · Serrano · Shishito · Tien Tsin · Adjuma · Ají Limo · Ají dulce · Datil · Fatalii · Habanero · Hainan Yellow Lantern Chili · C. chinense Madame Jeanette · Naga Jolokia · Red Savina Habanero · Scotch bonnet · C. frutescens African Bird's Eye · Bird's Eye chili · Malagueta · Tabasco · C baccatum Ají · Bishop's Crown · Brazilian Starfish · Lemon Drop · Piquanté · C. pubescens Rocoto Pepper · Rate this page View page ratings What's this? Trustworthy Objective Complete Well-written http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_pepper[3/6/2012 3:30:13 PM] Bell pepper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia I am highly knowledgeable about this topic (optional) Submit ratings Categories: Chili peppers Crops originating from the Americas Capsicum cultivars This page was last modified on 29 February 2012 at 17:02. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of use for details. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. Contact us Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers Mobile view http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_pepper[3/6/2012 3:30:13 PM].
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