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Estimation of Leaf Area Index and Yield of Greenhouse-Grown Poblano
Scientific article doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5154/r.inagbi.2017.04.009 Estimation of leaf area index and yield of greenhouse-grown poblano pepper Estimación de índice de área foliar y rendimiento de chile poblano cultivado en invernadero Cándido Mendoza-Pérez¹*; Carlos Ramírez-Ayala¹; Waldo Ojeda-Bustamante²; Héctor Flores-Magdaleno¹ ¹Colegio de Postgraduados. Carretera México-Texcoco km 36.5, Montecillo, México, C. P. 56230, MÉXICO. ²Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua. Paseo Cuauhnáhuac núm. 8535, colonia Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos, C. P. 62550, MÉXICO. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract eaf area index (LAI) is a useful variable to characterize crop dynamics, productivity and water requirements. The three-fold aim of this work was to estimate the LAI of poplano Lpepper (Capsicum annuum L.) with a ceptometer, compare the results with the destructive method and analyze the relationship between the LAI and crop yield. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo campus. The transplant date was April 21 and the harvest ended on November 11, 2014. Tezontle was used as substrate and drip irrigation was applied. The experiment consisted of three treatments (T): T1 (two stems), T2 (three stems) and T3 (without pruning). To estimate the LAI, a ceptometer was used to measure the radiation intercepted above and below the canopy. Leaf area was measured with the LI-3100C area meter. Results indicated that the maximum LAI occurred at flowering, corresponding to 2,096 growing degree days (GDD) with 0.93, 1.2 and 2.75 for T1, T2 and T3. -
Ethylene and Carbon Dioxide Production in Detached Fruit of Selected Pepper Cultivars
J. AMER. SOC. HORT. SCI. 124(4):402–406. 1999. Ethylene and Carbon Dioxide Production in Detached Fruit of Selected Pepper Cultivars Lucia Villavicencio,1 Sylvia M. Blankenship,2 Douglas C. Sanders,2 William H. Swallow3 Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609 ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. respiration, maturation, climacteric, Capsicum annuum, Capsicum chinense, Capsicum frutescens, ripening ABSTRACT. Bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) are classified as nonclimacteric fruits while some hot peppers have been reported as climacteric. Responses of peppers to exogenously applied ethylene-releasing compounds suggest ethylene involvement in the ripening process. Ethylene production and respiration rates in 13 cultivars of pepper: ‘Camelot’, ‘Cherry Bomb’, ‘Chiltepin’, ‘Cubanelle’, ‘Banana Supreme’, ‘Habanero’, ‘Hungarian Wax’, ‘Mesilla’, ‘Mitla’, ‘Savory’, ‘Sure Fire’, ‘Tabasco’, and ‘King Arthur’ were studied under greenhouse and field conditions. Fruit from each cultivar were harvested at different maturity stages determined by color, ranging from mature-green to full red-ripe. Carbon dioxide and ethylene production were measured by gas chromatography. Both variables were significantly different among maturity stages for –1 –1 all cultivars. Respiration rates were between 16.5 and 440.3 mg·kg ·h CO2. Ethylene production ranged from 0.002 to 1.1 –1 –1 µL·kg ·h . Two patterns of CO2 production were identified: higher CO2 production for mature-green fruit with successive decreases for the rest of the maturity stages or lower respiration rates for mature-green fruit with an increase in CO2 production either when fruit were changing color or once fruit were almost totally red. A rise in CO2 production was present for most cultivars. -
Banana Pepper Mustard
BANANA PEPPER MUSTARD Miller’s began as a humble experiment — cooking up a few jars in our home kitchen at the request of friends — then selling through local specialty stores. The response was overwhelming, with smiles and empty jars all around. Over ten years later, our unique, award- winning banana pepper mustard is still crafted with the same care and attention to detail. Unlike most pepper sauces, we only use vine-ripened peppers picked at the peak of freshness. All grown up, the mature banana and habanero peppers are processed from scratch and mixed with our special PEPPER FACT blend of mustard seeds and spices to create a sweet While light green at and spicy sauce with superior flavor. first, banana peppers turn from bright yellow to orange and red as they ripen, giving our sauce IT’S NOT THE EASY WAY… IT’S its unique color JUST THE RIGHT WAY. and flavor. MILLER’S 1 THE LINEUP Variety is the spice of life, which is why we offer A tamer version of our original banana The original! Hot delivers a bold heat Looking for some heat? Spice lovers can Miller’s Banana Pepper pepper mustard. Mild packs the same tempered by an underlying sweetness feel the burn with our Habenero variety, sweet and spicy flavor that fans have that’s unique to our vine-ripened banana featuring a blend of banana peppers and Mustard in three flavors grown to love, with a gentle heat profile peppers. Tangy and spicy with a balance fiery habenero chilies. It’s sure to put a to suit every pepper that’s easier on your tongue. -
Hot Pepper (Capsicum Spp.) – Important Crop on Guam
Food Plant Production June 2017 FPP-05 Hot Pepper (Capsicum spp.) – Important Crop on Guam Joe Tuquero, R. Gerard Chargualaf and Mari Marutani, Cooperative Extension & Outreach College of Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Guam Most Capsicum peppers are known for their spicy heat. Some varieties have little to no spice such as paprika, banana peppers, and bell peppers. The spice heat of Capsicum peppers are measured and reported as Scoville Heat Units (SHU). In 1912, American pharmacist, Wilbur Scoville, developed a test known as the, Scoville Organoleptic Test, which was used to measure pungency (spice heat) of Capsicum peppers. Since the 1980s, pungency has been more accurately measured by high-performance liquid chromatography Source: https://phys.org/news/2009-06-domestication- (HPLC). HPLC tests result in American Spice Trade capsicum-annuum-chile-pepper.html Association (ASTA) pungency units. ASTA pungency Introduction units can be converted to SHU. Table 2 displays Sco- Hot pepper, also known as chili, chilli, or chile pepper, ville Heat Units of various popular Capsicum peppers is a widely cultivated vegetable crop that originates (Wikipedia, 2017). from Central and South America. Hot peppers belong to the genus Capsicum. There are over 20 species under the genus Capsicum. There are five major domesticated species of peppers that are commercially cultivated (Table 1), and there are more than 50,000 varieties. Fig. 1 depicts a unqiue, citrus-flavored variety of Capsicum baccatum hot pepper, known as Lemon Drop (aji-type), popular for seasoning in Peru (Wikipedia, 2017). Table 1. The five major domesticated Capsicum species of pepper with examples of commonly known types of pepper. -
Golden Russet Farm Vegetable Plant List 2015
GOLDEN RUSSET FARM VEGETABLE PLANT LIST 2015 ARTICHOKE Imperial Star ASPARAGUS Jersey Knight BEANS-GR Provider BEETS Red Ace BROCCOLI Green Magic BROCCOLI Packman BRUS SPRTS Gustus CABBAGE Blue Lagoon CABBAGE-CH Joi Choi (Pak Choi) CABBAGE-R Ruby Perfection CABBAGE-SAVOY Melissa CABBAGE-STORAGE Storage #4 CAULIFLOWER Amazing CAULIFLOWER-O Cheddar CAULIFLOWER-P Graffiti CELERIAC Brilliant CELERY Utah 52-70 Triumph CHARD Bright Lights COLLARDS Champion CORN,SWT CUCUMBER Burpless 26 CUCUMBER Marketmore 76 CUCUMBER Salad Bush CUCUMBER Suyo Long (Burpless) CUCUMBER Tanja CUCUMBER-PKL Cross Country EGGPLANT Black Beauty EGGPLANT Classic EGGPLANT Dancer EGGPLANT Galine EGGPLANT Listata di Gandia EGGPLANT Little Finger EGGPLANT Orient Express EGGPLANT Pingtung Long EGGPLANT Rosa Bianca EGGPLANT Snowy KALE Black Magic (Lacinata) KALE Red Russian KALE Redbor KALE Siberian LEEKS Tadorna LETTUCE-Boston Nancy LETTUCE-GL Two Star LETTUCE-RL New Red Fire LETTUCE-ROM Coastal Star LETTUCE Panisse LETTUCE MIX Gourmet Mix MELON-HDew Honey Yellow MELONS-C Super Star MELONS-W Sugar Baby MELONS-W Sweet Favorite ONIONS Ailsa Craig ONIONS Copra ONIONS, CIPPOLINI ONIONS, RED Redwing ONIONS, RED Rossa Lunga di Tropea ONIONS, SP Candy ONIONS, SP Walla Walla PEPPER-BELL Ace PEPPER-BELL Aristotle PEPPER-BELL King Arthur (Fat & Sassy) PEPPER-BELL Goliath PEPPER-BELL Jupiter PEPPER-BELL Lady Bell PEPPER-BELL New Ace PEPPER-BELL Olympus PEPPER-BELL Revolution PEPPER-BELL Yankee Bell PEPPER-CLRS Chocolate PEPPER-CLRS Flavorburst PEPPER-CLRS Gourmet(Orange) PEPPER-CLRS Red Knight PEPPER-CLRS Purple Beauty PEPPER-HT Anaheim PEPPER-HT Ancho 211 PEPPER-HT Bangkok PEPPER-HT Big Jim PEPPER-HT Capperino (Hot Cherry) PEPPER-HT Early Jalapeno PEPPER-HT Felicity (heatless Jalapeno) PEPPER-HT Habenero (Magnum) PEPPER-HT Helios PEPPER-HT Hot Paper Lantern PEPPER-HT Hot Portugal PEPPER-HT Hung. -
Pepper Joes Seeds 2017.Pdf
Maynard, MA 01754 300. Suite St., Parker 141 16 NEW HOT NEW HOT 16 THIS YEAR THIS Reapers Festival PEPPERS Wow! Not just the legendary Carolina Reaper, but now we have more in the family! If you are a Reaper fan, get ready! Carolina Reaper Grow the legendary Guinness Book of World Records hottest pepper on the planet. This is the REAL deal, from the original strain of award-winning peppers. 1,569,000 Scoville Heat Units. $9.99 (10+ seeds) Chocolate Reaper Mmmm… smoky! This delicious hot pepper tastes as good as the classic, but with the hint of a smoky taste up front. It is still being bred out for stabil- ity, but worth the taste! $9.99 (10+ seeds) of 7342companies reviewed and 30 “Top a out Company” Joe’s #1 in Pepper Seeds Dave’s Garden Ranks Pepper Yellow Reaper Try this beauty with grilled seafood! It has a fruity flavor paired with loads of heat. We are still growing this pepper out, but wanted to bring it to you without delay! US POSTAGE Sudbury, MA Sudbury, Permit No 3 $9.99 (10+ seeds) STD PRSRT PAID About Pepper Joe’s Butch “T” Trinidad ScorpionOUR W e a#3re the expWe’reerts in thrilledHot Pe topp haveer Se thiseds .# 3 “WORLD’S HOTTEST PEPPER. It set a Guinness Book PLEDGEof World Record N THS EAR - 1 SCREAMING Since 1989, Pepperearly Joe’s in 2011has found, at 1,450,000 grown, Scoville Units. WOW! NEHOT oetos EPPS and enjoyed superThat’s hot peppersa lot of fromheat. all This over is a very exclusive pepper the world. -
HOT PEPPERS Mar-19 Hot Peppers (Capsicum Spp.) Are Grown the World Over and Prized for Their Pungency (From Capsaicin), Flavor and Health-Enhancing Properties
HOT PEPPERS Mar-19 Hot peppers (Capsicum spp.) are grown the world over and prized for their pungency (from capsaicin), flavor and health-enhancing properties. SHU refers to Scoville Heat Units, with a bell pepper registering 0 SHU and pure capsaicin upwards of 15,000,000 SHU. Chiles grown in northern climates like Wisconsin may not get as hot as those grown in the south. Hot peppers are an excellent source of Vitamins A and C, and carotene. Plant in a well-drained, fertile, sunny location after any danger of frost. Taller plants may need support. BEAVER DAM BIGGIE CHILE TYPE: Hungarian TYPE: Anaheim SHU: 3,000-8,000 SHU SHU: 450-600 SHU COLOR: matures green to orange-red COLOR: matures green to red C. annuum. Hungarian heirloom brought to (Sahuaro Cultivar) Early maturity, huge yields, Beaver Dam, WI in 1912 by the Hussli family. and mild, thick walled fruits up to 9" long. Light Compact plants produce enormous yields of 6" green fruits will mature to a bright red. Great for horn-shaped fruit that ripens from green to roasting or slicing. Add to pizza, salad or fajitas. orange-red. Pungent yet sweet! Use for stuffing, goulash or pickling. 80 days CAROLINA REAPER CAYENNE, LONG RED SLIM TYPE: TYPE: Cayenne SHU: 1,500,000+ SHU SHU: 30,000-50,000 SHU COLOR: red COLOR: Matures to red C. Chinense. VERY HOT. Demon pepper child that High yields of pencil-shaped, 5" long, glassy red was invented by man. A cross of 'Bhut Jolokia' fruits. Great to use fresh, pickled in vinegars, as and a red habanero. -
Silver Heights Farm
SILVER HEIGHTS FARM Certified Organic, Open Pollinated Unusual & Heirloom Vegetable Plants DEDICATED TO THE PRESERVATION OF HEIRLOOM PLANTS 2009 Catalog Featuring varieties to dazzle the gardener’s imagination Multitudes of Tomatoes, Tomatillos, & Ground Cherries Peppers & Eggplants galore Glorious Cucumbers, Gherkins, & melons Other funky vegetables 1 NURSERY HOURS April By chance, best from 10-12, 1-3. Closed Sunday. May & June Friday – Saturday, 10-4; Sunday, 10-2; other days by chance July Friday- Saturday, 10-3; other days by chance . Closed Sunday. August – mid-October By chance, best from 10-12, 1-3. Closed Sunday. There is NO PHONE service at the nursery – no land lines and no cell service. Instead, the phone rings at Trina’s home, 10 miles away. Inconvenient, we know, but we are in the “boonies.” Payment is by cash, check and money orders only, as we do not accept any credit cards. Sorry, we do not ship or deliver. All prices are subject to change after June 1, 2009. There are many more vegetable varieties at the nursery than in the catalog. Also, we have an incredible selection of herbs and flowers. We look forward to your visit. WE MOVED in 2005 – NEW LOCATION The nursery moved in 2005 away from Trina’s backyard. The nursery for Silver Heights Farm is now located at the Gorzynski Farm at 7381 State Route 52 in Cochecton Center. The nursery is at the front of the fields, next to the big grey block 4-storied barn with a red roof. Parking is alongside Route 52. Please do not park in front of the barn or in the driveway, as the Gorzynski Farm folks need that space for their operation. -
Warm Weather Vegetables and Fruits Availability ($3.95/4” Pot, Unless Otherwise Specified)
Warm Weather Vegetables and Fruits Availability ($3.95/4” Pot, unless otherwise specified). Please call to order. PEPPERS: Sweet: Altino Sweet Paprika (heirloom pepper) Banana Supreme (early-fruiting, banana-shaped sweet pepper) Bell – California Wonder (green bell pepper) Bell – Valencia (orange bell pepper) Bell – Glow (orange mini-bell, lunchbox pepper) Bell – Golden Summer (yellow bell pepper) Bell – Lilac (purple bell pepper) Bell – Red Knight (red, hybrid, disease-resistant bell pepper) Carmen (red corno di toro Italian frying pepper) Cubanelle (sweet Italian frying pepper) Escamillo (yellow corno di toro Italian frying pepper) Shishito (Japanese frying pepper; end resembles a lion’s head) Hot: Altino (a long, cayenne-type of hot pepper used for chili flakes) Anaheim (mild-heat chili pepper) Ancho-Poblano (ancho is a mild chili pepper; dried it is known as a poblano pepper) Apocalypse Scorpion (oily, red super-hot chili pepper) Apocalypse Scorpion Chocolate (appealing brown super-hot chili pepper) Basket of Fire (small multi-colored pepper that is both edible and ornamental) Bhut Jolokia – Chocolate (very hot dark brown chili pepper; 125x hotter than a jalapeno) Bhut Jolokia – Neyde Black (dark purple to black super-hot variation of the Bhut Jolokia pepper) Bhut Jolokia – Red (extremely hot red pepper; once certified as the hottest pepper in the world) Buena Mulata (pepper that starts out as violet and very hot, ripening to red with less heat) Caribbean Red Hot (extremely hot -
Genus Cultivar Common Name Height Bloom Color Light Description Allium Cepa Candy Candy Onion Sun 85 Days
HERBS and VEGETABLES Genus Cultivar Common Name Height Bloom Color Light Description Allium cepa Candy Candy Onion sun 85 days. Easy to grow, day-neutral, white sweet onion that can be spring planted in the North. Jumbo to colossal-size onion (up to 6" across) is incredibly sweet and mild. Lasting quality and fine flavor. Storing potential of approximately 3 months. Allium porrum American Flag American Flag Leek 24" NA sun 10" long leeks have a sweet onion flavor, great in soups and stews. For long, straight, white leeks, mound soil up around the stems at planting so leaves stick upright, and continue to hill soil up around them as they grow, Allium schoenoprasum Forescate Forescate Chives 12 - 18" april - may pink sun-part shade Very showy, bright rosy pink flowers in spring. These chives will flower again if cut back mid- season. Aloysia triphylla Lemon Verbena 3 - 4' foliage white sun Amazing lemon scent. Bushy shrub with strong lemon flavor for teas and potpourri. Perennial if brought indoors to overwinter. May be pruned to any height. Anethum graveolens Bouquet Bouquet Dill 18 - 24" summer foliage sun Most widely grown! Good seed and leaf yields. Edible seeds and greens flavor many foods. Popular addition to sauces and a must for making pickles. Foliage known as dill weed. Artemesia dracunculus Sativa True French 24" N/A foliage sun Essential culinary herb, aromatic perennial with Tarragon delightful licorice flavor. Narrow pale green leaves have a distinctive flavor. Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Milkweed 12 - 24'' early summer orange sun Butterfly and hummingbee favorite. Brilliant orange flowers. -
Botanas Street Tacos Sopas Ensaladas
Street Tacos Served on corn tortillas accompanied with house-made pickled jalapeños Ancho Chile Pork Belly 4.75 ea Botanas Ancho-honey glazed pork, grilled pineapple pico de gallo Chips & Dip Flight 8 V Carnitas 4.5ea GS Your choice of three: Crisp slow-roasted pork, queso fresco, Salsa cruda | Roasted corn pico de gallo | Salsa verde pickled red onions, avocado salsa verde Pineapple pico de gallo | Tomatillo Morita Al Pastor 4.5ea Chips & Guacamole 9 V Marinated roasted pork, grilled pineapple pico de gallo, Tomato, jalapeño, cilantro, lime, house-made tortilla chips avocado salsa verde Queso Fundido 10.75 V GS Chili Lime Chicken Taco 4.25ea Skillet-baked Oaxaca and Asadero cheese, pico de gallo, Grilled chicken, queso fundido, avocado crema, pico de gallo pickled jalapeños, tortilla chips, flour tortillas 4.75 ea GS Add chorizo 2.5 Achiote Shrimp Seared shrimp, roasted sweet corn pico de gallo, Roasted Poblano Queso Dip 10.75 V GS chipotle lime crema Melted blend of Monterey Jack and white cheddar cheese, 4.75 ea GS tortilla chips, flour tortillas Blackened Fish Taco Blackened sea bass, red cabbage slaw, chipotle aioli Add chorizo 2.5 Carne Asada* 4.75 ea Carne Asada Quesadita* 15 Grilled steak, pico de gallo, crispy fried onions, ancho BBQ Four mini quesadillas, grilled steak, pickled onions, Oaxaca and pepper jack cheese, chipotle lime crema, pico de gallo, Barbacoa 4.5ea GS roasted tomatillo morita salsa, pickled jalapeños Chile-braised beef, queso fresco, red onions * Mango Aguachile Tuna 14.75 GS BLT 4.75 ea Marinated ahi tuna, -
Reimer Seeds Catalog
LCTRONICLCTRONIC CATALOGCATALOG Pickling Hot Peppers HP320‐20 ‐ Achar Hot Peppers HP321‐10 ‐ Aci Sivri Hot Peppers 85 days. Capsicum annuum. Open 85 days. Capsicum annuum. Open Pollinated. The plant produces good yields Pollinated. The plant produces good yields of 3 ¼" long by 1" wide hot peppers. Peppers of 7 ½" long by ½" wide Cayenne type hot are hot, have medium thin flesh, and turn peppers. Peppers are medium hot, have from green to deep red when mature. The medium thin flesh, and turn from light plant has green stems, green leaves, and yellowish‐green to red when mature. The white flowers. Excellent for pickling and plant has green stems, green leaves, and seasoning spice. A variety from India. United white flowers. Excellent drying, pickling, and States Department of Agriculture, PI 640826. seasoning powder. An heirloom variety from Scoville Heat Units: 27,267. Turkey. HP1924‐10 ‐ Aji Amarillo Hot Peppers (Strain 2) HP2329‐10 ‐ Aji Cachucha Hot Peppers 95 days. Capsicum chinense. Open Pollinated. The plant produces high 90 days. Capsicum chinense. Open Pollinated. The plant produces high yields of 2 ¼" long by 1" wide hot peppers. Peppers are very hot and yields of 1 ¾" long by 1 ¼" wide pendant‐shaped hot peppers. Peppers turn from green, to yellow, to golden yellow when mature. The plant are mildly hot and turn from green, to orange, to red when mature. The has green stems, green leaves, and white flowers. The yellow color plant has green stems, green leaves, and white flowers. Excellent stays well in vinegar. Good pickling variety. A variety from Peru.