Lawrence University Course Catalog, 2002-2003 Lawrence University

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LoG LoG cata 2002-2003 University Lawrence La rs Univers wrence i t y coUrse www.lawrence.edu 2002-2003 cata LoG Course Catalog 2002-2003

Lawrence University promotes equal opportunity for all.

This catalog represents the most accurate information on Lawrence University available at the time of printing. The university reserves the right to make such alterations in its programs, regulations, fees, and other policies as are warranted. Table of Contents

About Lawrence ...... 1 Chemistry ...... 60 Mission ...... 2 Chinese (see East Asian languages and cultures) Purposes ...... 3 Classics ...... 68 History ...... 4 Cognitive science ...... 74 Presidents of the College ...... 5 Computer science ...... 78 East Asian languages and cultures . . . . . 82 The Liberal Arts Education . . . 6 Economics ...... 89 Liberal learning ...... 7 Education ...... 95 A Lawrence education ...... 7 English ...... 102 Environmental studies ...... 108 The Campus Community . . . 9 Ethnic studies ...... 117 Academic and campus life services . . . . . 10 French ...... 123 The campus and campus life ...... 11 Freshman studies ...... 128 Gender studies ...... 130 Planning an Academic Program 16 Geology ...... 137 The structure of the curriculum . . . . . 17 German ...... 142 Postgraduate considerations ...... 20 Government ...... 147 History ...... 156 Degree and General Education Japanese (see East Asian languages and cultures) Requirements . . . . . 22 International studies ...... 167 Residence requirements ...... 23 Linguistics ...... 168 Bachelor of Arts degree ...... 23 Law (see postgraduate considerations) Bachelor of Music degree ...... 24 Mathematics ...... 172 Five-year B .A . and B .Mus . double-degree Medicine (see postgraduate considerations) program ...... 26 Music ...... 179 Cooperative degree programs . . . 28 Natural sciences ...... 180 Allied Health Sciences ...... 28 Neuroscience ...... 181 Engineering ...... 29 Philosophy ...... 185 Forestry and Environmental Studies . . . . 29 Physics ...... 190 Occupational Therapy ...... 30 Political science (see government) Psychology ...... 197 Courses of Study ...... 31 Religious studies ...... 205 Anthropology ...... 32 Russian ...... 211 Archaeology (see anthropology) Sociology (see anthropology, gender studies) Art and art history ...... 39 Spanish ...... 215 Studio art ...... 39 Statistics (see economics, mathematics) Art education ...... 42 Theatre and drama ...... 223 Art history ...... 42 University courses ...... 230 Biology ...... 48 Biomedical ethics ...... 55 Conservatory of Music . . . . 232 Business (see postgraduate considerations) General information ...... 234

Lawrence University does not discriminate on the basis of sex, race, color, national or ethnic origin, religion, sexual orientation, parental or marital status, age, or disability in its programs and activities . Inquiries regarding the non-discrimination policy may be directed to the Vice President for Business Affairs at 920-832-6537 or the Dean of the Faculty at 920-832-6528 . ii TABLE OF CONTENTS

Residence requirements ...... 235 International programs ...... 281 Bachelor of Music degree ...... 235 Argentina Major in performance ...... 237 Buenos Aires ...... 281 Emphasis options for performance Australia majors ...... 239 Adelaide ...... 282 Major in music education ...... 240 Austria Major in theory/composition ...... 243 Vienna ...... 282 Emphasis option for theory/ Canada composition majors ...... 244 Québec Seminar and Internship . . 282 Five-year B .A . and B .Mus . double-degree Caribbean program ...... 244 Lawrence Marine Biology Term . . . 282 Courses ...... 247 Chile Santiago ...... 283 Student-Initiated Courses China and Programs ...... 264 Beijing ...... 283 Tutorials ...... 265 Costa Rica Independent study ...... 265 Studies in Latin American Culture Honors projects ...... 265 and Society ...... 283 Writing for credit ...... 269 Tropical Field Research ...... 283 Student-designed courses ...... 269 Czech Republic Student-designed majors ...... 270 Central European Studies . . . . . 283 Student-designed interdisciplinary areas . 271 England Academic internships ...... 271 Lawrence London Center . . . . . 284 Courses ...... 287 Learning Experiences Outside England, Italy the Classroom ...... 272 London and Florence: Arts in Student programs at Björklunden . . . . 273 Context ...... 284 Speakers and other campus visitors . . . . 274 France The Career Center and internships . . . . 276 Besançon ...... 284 Germany Off-Campus Programs . . . . 277 Berlin ...... 284 United States programs . . . . . 279 Freiburg ...... 284 Arizona Greece Biosphere 2: Earth Semester . . . . . 279 Athens ...... 285 Biosphere 2: Universe Semester . . . 280 India Chicago Pune ...... 285 Chicago Arts Program ...... 280 Italy Newberry Seminar in the Florence ...... 285 Humanities ...... 280 Intercollegiate Center for Classical Urban Education ...... 280 Studies ...... 285 Urban Studies ...... 280 Milan ...... 286 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Japan Oak Ridge Science Semester . . . . 281 Tokyo ...... 286 Washington, D.C. Russia Washington Semester ...... 281 Krasnodar ...... 286 Woods Hole, Massachusetts Kurgan Exchange Term ...... 286 Semester in Environmental Science . 281 Senegal Lawrence Francophone Seminar . . . 286

iii TABLE OF CONTENTS

Spain Honors at graduation ...... 303 Barcelona ...... 286 Confidentiality of student education Madrid ...... 287 records ...... 304 Salamanca ...... 287 Petitions for exceptions to academic Tanzania regulations ...... 304 Studies in Human Evolution and Grievance procedures ...... 304 Ecology ...... 287 Nation-Building in Admission, Fees, Southern Africa ...... 287 and Financial Aid . . . . . 306 Admission ...... 307 Academic Procedures and Admission to the university ...... 307 Regulations ...... 290 Application deadlines and campus visits . . 307 Opportunities, obligations, and Tuition, fees, and refunds . . . . 308 responsibilities ...... 291 Admission and matriculation fees . . . . . 308 Academic advising ...... 291 Comprehensive fee 2002-2003 . . . . . 308 Honor code ...... 291 Incremental fees ...... 308 Three-term system and course loads . . . 292 Other fees and costs ...... 308 Registration ...... 293 Bills and payments ...... 309 Class changes ...... 294 Room and board ...... 309 Limited enrollment classes ...... 295 Refunds ...... 310 Class attendance ...... 295 Financial aid ...... 311 Final examinations ...... 295 Academic accommodations for students Awards, Societies, and with disabilities ...... 295 Fellowships ...... 312 Grading system ...... 296 Awards and prizes ...... 313 Academic progress ...... 298 Academic honorary societies ...... 315 Transfer between degree programs Fellowships ...... 315 within the university ...... 299 Declaration of a major ...... 299 Directory ...... 317 Declaration of minors and 2002 Board of Trustees ...... 318 interdisciplinary areas ...... 300 Emeriti trustees ...... 319 Transfer credit ...... 300 Faculty ...... 320 Credit for Advanced Placement Emeriti faculty ...... 334 Examinations ...... 301 Administrative offices and officers . . . . 337 Credit for International Baccalaureate 2002-03 academic year calendar . . . . . 339 Program ...... 301 2003-04 academic year calendar . . . . . 340 Completion of the foreign language Campus map and directions to Lawrence . 341 General Education Requirement . . . 301 Leaves of absence and withdrawal . . . . 302 Index ...... 346 Dean’s List ...... 302 For more information ...... 353 Conferring of degrees and graduation . . . 302

iv About Lawrence The Mission of Lawrence University

awrence University of Wisconsin, through its undergraduate college and Conservatory of Music, Leducates men and women in the liberal arts and sciences. Committed to the development of intellect and talent, the acquisition of knowledge and understanding, and the cultivation of judgment and values, Lawrence prepares students for lives of service, achievement, leadership, and personal fulfillment.

2 Purposes actively in one or more disciplines at an advanced level; fosters opportunities for • To enroll intellectually curious students who independent intellectual activity; develops demonstrate an abiding desire to learn and students’ abilities to think critically, write the will to join a community of scholars and clearly, and speak effectively; and allows artists in the vigorous pursuit of knowledge. opportunities for choice and the pursuit of an individual’s special interests while • To attract, support, and sustain a faculty of preserving a coherent course of study. active scholars and artists devoted to the intellectual life and to the teaching of • To provide a curriculum leading to the undergraduates. Bachelor of Music degree that combines professional education in music, accredited • To attract and retain administrative and by the National Association of Schools of support personnel who will effectively Music, with study in the liberal arts. promote the educational purposes and values of the university. • To provide a program leading to certification as public school teachers in the state of • To seek diversity within the university Wisconsin. community as a means to enrich teaching and learning and to promote tolerance and • To provide opportunities for students to understanding. create and participate in extracurricular activities that are consistent with the • To maintain an intellectual environment educational goals and values of the university. that: encourages excellence in teaching and scholarship; encourages dialogue and close • To nurture a social environment that collaboration between students and faculty; promotes mature and responsible behavior encourages an active search for knowledge and good citizenship. and understanding; fosters the critical examination of values, ideas, and actions; • To cultivate a safe and healthful campus supports open and free inquiry; develops environment. aesthetic appreciation; encourages responsible commitment; challenges individuals to • To contribute to the vitality of the surpass their previous achievements, to seek surrounding community and to make new opportunities, and to explore new available programs of cultural enrichment areas; promotes an enduring enthusiasm for and to draw on the knowledge and experi- learning; develops a sense of responsibilities ence of members of that community in the inherent in intellectual endeavors and social exploration of significant issues. relationships; and informs and inspires student residential life. • To provide opportunities for alumni to maintain a lifelong connection with the • To provide a curriculum leading to the institution and with each other and to Bachelor of Arts degree that: comprises encourage their continuing interest in recognized disciplines of the arts and learning. sciences; examines the heritage of great civilizations; encompasses the current state • To provide the physical and financial of knowledge in the disciplines; exposes resources needed to support the educational students to a wide range of subjects and purposes and to ensure the future well-being intellectual approaches; engages each student of the university.

3 AbouT LAwrence

History pursuit of academic excellence was reflected in the selection of its first rhodes Scholar Lawrence, like the city of Appleton in which it in 1904 and the establishment of a Phi beta is situated, owes its origins to the perseverance Kappa chapter in 1914. of frontier ministers and to the philanthropy During Plantz’s administration, the of wealthy Bostonians. In 1847, prior to the Conservatory of Music came into its own as a statehood of Wisconsin, the first member of separate part of the university with the addition the Lawrence administration and Appleton’s of six faculty members, the introduction of first permanent resident arrived on the scene curricular offerings in public school music and in a dugout canoe and selected a wooded bluff music history, and the acquisition of a building above the Fox river as the site for the campus. devoted exclusively to music instruction. The rev. william Harkness Sampson had been commissioned, along with the rev. Lawrence College Henry r. colman, by the boston merchant In 1913, the institution adopted the name Amos A. Lawrence to establish a frontier school Lawrence College to underscore its commitment to afford “gratuitous advantage to Germans to undergraduate liberal education. That com- and Indians of both sexes.” Lawrence pledged mitment received further articulation during $10,000 to endow the school, on condition the administration of President Henry Merritt that the Methodists, represented by Sampson Wriston (1925-37), when the college charted and colman, match his gift. even before the a course that it has followed faithfully to the money could be raised, the Territorial Legislature, present day. In the words of the catalog of 1934, on January 15, 1847, granted a charter to “The ultimate purpose of liberal education at Lawrence Institute, a name that was changed Lawrence is the establishment and improvement to Lawrence University when classes first began of standards — standards of thought and on November 12, 1849. expression, of taste and interest, of character and ethics, of health and sane living.” The early years While holding fast to these enduring During its first 40 years Lawrence struggled goals of liberal education, Lawrence continually with the problems of a developing frontier: has reassessed and reshaped its academic program the failure of wheat crops, the disruptions in response to the changing contours of of the Civil War, and the chaos of financial knowledge and changing views on the nature panics. Through it all, seven different college of learning. The tutorial system, first instituted administrations held fast to the tenets of a by President wriston, has blossomed into a strong classical education. The early curriculum, wide range of options for independent learning. though constrictive by today’s standards, was, Freshman Studies, introduced by President on the whole, rather broad for the time, and nathan Marsh Pusey (1944-53), today remains the alumni of that era attained distinguished a distinctive expression of the commitment careers in education, business, the ministry, law, of the entire Lawrence community to the and politics. examination of ideas of abiding importance. The return of Dr. Samuel Plantz to his With the introduction of a number of alma mater as president in 1894 marked a turning overseas programs in the 1960s, Lawrence point for Lawrence. During his 30-year enhanced its ability to broaden the horizons administration, the student body grew from of its students through direct contact with 200 to 800; the faculty increased from nine to other societies. The recent appearance in the 68; the endowment grew from less than curriculum of special programs in computer $100,000 to $2,000,000; and the physical plant science, biomedical ethics, environmental was enhanced by the construction of eight studies, gender studies, and others reflects a major buildings. During these years, Lawrence’s concern that new knowledge be available to

4 AbouT LAwrence

Lawrence students along with the traditional Schools of Music. Lawrence also is a member courses in the arts and sciences. of the Midwest Conference and National Collegiate Athletic Association, Division III Milwaukee-Downer College (NCAA III). under the leadership of President curtis w. Tar r Lawrence today is what it has always (1963-69), Lawrence once again assumed the been, a liberal arts college with a conservatory name Lawrence University, when it was con- of music. It honors the vision of its founders solidated in 1964 with Milwaukee-Downer and builds on the heritage of more than a College for Women. Milwaukee-Downer, named century and a half of excellence in under- in honor of its trustee and benefactor, Jason graduate education. Downer, was itself the product of a merger in 1895 between Milwaukee Female College and Presidents of the College Downer College of Fox Lake. Both schools 1849-1853 william Harkness Sampson had pioneered in the education of women, and (principal of the institution) Milwaukee Female College had benefited early 1853-1859 edward cooke, (first president) on from the interest of Catharine Beecher, a 1859-1865 russell Zelotes Mason sister of Harriet beecher Stowe, who provided 1865-1879 George McKendree Steele the institution with an advanced program of 1879-1883 elias Dewitt Huntley high educational standards. 1883-1889 bradford Paul raymond (Class of 1871) Today’s Lawrence 1889-1893 Charles Wesley Gallagher The present campus, situated on 84 acres, 1893-1894 L. Wesley Underwood contains 60 instructional, residential, recreational, (as acting president) and administrative facilities. Björklunden vid 1894-1924 Samuel G. Plantz Sjön, Lawrence’s 425-acre northern campus, (Class of 1880) is located on Lake Michigan in Door County, 1924-1925 Wilson Samuel Naylor Wisconsin. (as acting president) The student body of about 1,300, drawn 1925-1937 Henry Merritt wriston from 48 states, the District of Columbia, and 1937-1943 Thomas nichols barrows 40 other countries, is served by a full-time 1943-1944 ralph Jerome watts faculty of 125 men and women. (as acting president) Lawrence is accredited as a degree-granting 1944-1953 nathan Marsh Pusey institution by the North Central Association of 1954-1963 Douglas Maitland Knight Colleges and Secondary Schools, and the 1963-1969 curtis william Tar r Conservatory of Music is an accredited institu- 1969-1979 Thomas Stevenson Smith tional member of the National Association of 1979- richard warch

5 The Liberal Arts Education Liberal learning service, health professions, business, service vocations, engineering, teaching, ministry. To participate in a liberal education is a privilege Liberal education is a prerequisite to all of and a challenge; to be liberally educated is these and more. Whether or not a student to be transformed. Open and free inquiry, a seeks professional or graduate training beyond devotion to excellence, the development of the bachelor’s degree, liberal learning provides character, the mastery of competencies, the the skills, the talents, the critical intelligence, ability to think critically, the excitement and and the range that offer access to many careers. rewards of learning — these are the aims and Above all, however, a liberal education is principles of a liberal arts education. a function of choice and self-discipline. Lawrence Liberal learning liberates, freeing us from provides opportunities; it does not prescribe the restraints of time and place, enabling us to decisions. The privilege of liberal learning is grow, to change, and to respond to the new, the freedom to choose; the challenge of liberal the unforeseen, the unexpected. To be liberally learning is to choose responsibly. educated is to live imaginatively in worlds not our own and to examine values not of our A Lawrence education making. A liberal education tests our ability to “Welcome to the company of educated men investigate and understand the nature of an and women.” organism, the applications of a theorem, the With these words, university presidents behavior of a crowd, the principles of a political traditionally salute Bachelor of Arts recipients system, the meaning of a poem, the causes of at Commencement. In the centuries since that an event, the consequences of an argument, or greeting was first proclaimed, the definition the composition of a symphony. of the educated man or woman has expanded. Liberal education promotes diversity, Two and one-half centuries ago, a college skepticism, and debate. It views the world as curriculum was relatively uniform and changing, not fixed. It asks not only what, but straightforward; the “liberal arts” numbered why. It insists that we make judgments rather seven. Today, the curriculum is diverse and than have opinions, that we treat ideas seriously, complex; the liberal arts find expression in not casually, that we be committed instead of many disciplines and departments, use a variety indifferent. of methodologies and skills, and are conveyed Liberal education is vocational. It prepares by courses numbering in the hundreds. us to assume positions of leadership and No one — neither student nor faculty responsibility as wage-earners and citizens. member — can master all available disciplines To be liberally educated is not to be limited and subject matters. When graduates are hailed to a particular niche in the job market but to among the company of educated men and be freed and qualified for many opportunities. women, each will have reached that state by And, most important of all, it is to be equipped selecting a program of courses unique to him to assume new vocations and accept new or her. challenges throughout life. “What one knows is, in youth, of little Students come to Lawrence with many moment,” wrote Henry Adams; “they know career objectives and options — law, public enough who know how to learn.”

7 LIBerAL ArTS eduCATION

Lawrence does not pretend to certify that exposure to a wide range of subject matters every graduate possesses a prescribed amount and intellectual approaches. It also calls for the of knowledge. But the university does claim focused study of a single area of knowledge. that the education students attain here marks Within this general framework, the student them as persons who have developed the exercises wide latitude in building a course of abilities to think critically, write clearly, and study. A Lawrence education, then, results from speak effectively. considered choices. The college provides ample The route to liberal education lies in room for such choices and encourages students a course of study that combines both breadth to exercise them boldly. and depth. The Lawrence curriculum promotes

8 The Campus Community Academic and campus The Office of Multicultural Affairs promotes dialogue, understanding, and respect life services among the many cultural and identity populations represented within the Lawrence The dean of the faculty is the chief academic community. The office supports a range of officer of the university. Among the responsi- programs designed to develop and sustain bilities of the dean are the oversight of all cooperation and collaboration among students, academic programs; the hiring and evaluation faculty, and staff. The assistant dean of students of faculty; and the disbursement of funds for for multicultural affairs serves as a resource and travel, research, and curricular development. advocate for students from groups traditionally The dean of student academic services under represented at Lawrence. The international oversees and assists the academic progress of student advisor offers support, advice, and Lawrence students. The dean assigns and supports assistance with immigration procedures to faculty advisors, especially as questions arise all international students attending Lawrence. concerning variations from traditional courses The Office of the Dean of Students of study, academic progress, and withdrawal initiates programs to enhance campus life. The from the college or conservatory. The dean of housing and residence life department includes student academic services serves as advisor to the residence hall directors and residence life the Honor Council. advisors, who coordinate activities, oversee the The student academic services office also general operation of the halls, serve as commu- supervises academic support services, including nity leaders, and help maintain a safe and the Center for Teaching and Learning, which comfortable living environment. The housing provides help with writing, speaking, quantita- coordinator is responsible for the management tive, and study skills, as well as content tutoring of the housing-selection process for returning in most courses offered by the university. students, as well as the matching of new The director of international and off- Lawrentians with roommates and placing them campus programs is responsible for Lawrence’s in room assignments. off-campus programs (including the London The Career Center provides individual Study Center), as well as programs offered by career counseling, assists students with choosing the Associated Colleges of the Midwest, the a major, maintains a library of print and on-line Great Lakes Colleges Association, the Associated information on careers and graduate schools, Colleges in China, and the Institute for the hosts employers wishing to conduct on- campus International Education of Students. This office interview, collects and publicizes full-time and also organizes programs at the university’s part-time employment opportunities and Björklunden campus (see page 273). internships, and assists students with career The dean of students supervises extra- decision-making and job search activities. curricular, residential, career, international Confidential health and counseling services student, multicultural, health, and counseling are available to all students. Professional staff services. The campus activities staff advises members offer individual appointments, group students about campus organizations and sessions, and outreach programs to support co-curricular activities; helps students identify the physical and psychological well-being of campus and community resources to support students that is necessary to achieve their their interests; assists student organizations with academic and personal goals. Drug and alcohol leadership/membership development and education is an integral part of this effort. program planning; manages Memorial Union; The dean of students is advisor to the Judicial and advises fraternities and sororities. The Board and effects liaison with local police and campus activities staff also is responsible for emergency personnel. coordinating volunteer and community service initiatives and overseeing intramurals and wellness programs. 10 THE CAMPUS COMMUnITy

The campus and campus life and language psychology, ethnography, and archaeology/paleoanthropology. Other facilities Main Hall include computer classrooms for mathematics and computer science and a statistics laboratory, Main Hall, the building at the heart of the along with other classrooms, seminar rooms, campus, is perhaps the most visible symbol of and meeting rooms for departmental student the Lawrence tradition. Constructed in 1853, it organizations. originally housed all of the college — classrooms, the laboratory, the library, administrative and Wriston Art Center faculty offices, a dining room, a chapel, and even living quarters. The Wriston Art Center features three spacious During the Civil War, Main Hall was galleries; studios for painting, drawing, sculpture, rumored to have been a station on the printmaking, ceramics, computer-assisted art, Underground Railroad to Canada; in 1974, photography, and art metal; a visual-resources it was entered in the national Register of library; a print study room; a seminar room; Historic Places of the U. S. Park Service. It a 150-seat auditorium; and an outdoor amphi- now houses classrooms and faculty offices for theatre. the humanities. Music-Drama Center, Ruth Youngchild Hall and Science Hall Harwood Shattuck Hall of Music Stretching out south of Main Hall are other The Music-Drama Center houses teaching major classroom buildings, including youngchild facilities for the Conservatory of Music and Hall of Science and Science Hall. the theatre and drama department and is the youngchild Hall, built in 1964 and fully site of concerts, recitals, dramatic productions, renovated in 2000-01, houses the physics films, and lectures. It contains studios, numerous department, the geology department, and practice rooms, classrooms, and three perfor- part of the biology department. mance spaces: the 250-seat William E. Harper Connected to youngchild Hall by a glass- Hall; the 500-seat Stansbury Theatre; and a enclosed atrium, Science Hall, dedicated in smaller experimental theatre, the F. Theodore October 2000, provides space for the molecular Cloak Theatre. The studios of WLFM, sciences. The building has state-of-the-art Lawrence’s student-run FM radio station research and teaching laboratories, a number (affiliated with Wisconsin Public Radio) also of which are shared spaces used by several of are located in the Music-Drama Center. the sciences. The chemistry department occu- The Ruth Harwood Shattuck Hall of pies the first and second floors of the building, Music, opened in September 1991, connects and offices and classrooms for biology are the Music-Drama Center with the Lawrence found Memorial Chapel. It provides additional on the top floor. A third-floor bridge within classroom space, two large rehearsal rooms, the atrium allows close contact between the including Elizabeth Miller Hall, jazz and biology laboratories and offices in Science Hall percussion studios, faculty studios, practice and those in youngchild Hall. rooms, student study areas, the Carl J. Waterman Ensemble Music Library, instrument storage, Lucia R. Briggs Hall and a recording studio. Briggs Hall, opened in 1997, houses the Seeley G. Mudd Library anthropology, economics, education, government, mathematics, and psychology departments, The library’s primary purpose is to support the with laboratories for developmental psychology, liberal arts curriculum of the university. To clinical psychology, social psychology, sound this end, the library staff builds and organizes

11 THE CAMPUS COMMUnITy the library’s collection and provides the best from different points across the campus, possible service to faculty and students as they including the library. engage in the teaching/learning process. The large residence halls contain clusters The library collection consists of over of microcomputers (both Windows and Apple 382,000 books and periodicals; 330,000 Macintosh varieties) with laser printers. government documents; 1,500 current periodical Principal academic buildings contain additional subscriptions; 13,900 music scores; and 121,000 public clusters as well as interdepartmental videotapes, recordings, and microform items. facilities tied more closely to aspects of the The Milwaukee-Downer Room houses the curriculum, such as foreign languages and rare book collection, while the Lincoln applied statistics. High-resolution graphics Reading Room contains published materials workstations are located in laboratories for about the U.S. Civil War and Abraham Lincoln. computer science and physics; several other In addition to the Lawrence collection, science departments use computing equipment students have access to materials across the extensively in their course offerings. world through inter-library loan. To teach students how to identify, retrieve, Lawrence Memorial Chapel and evaluate appropriate materials, librarians Built in 1918 and renovated for the second work with classes as assignments are made and time in 1993, the 1,248-seat Lawrence provide individual instruction at the reference Memorial Chapel is used for public events desk. The library is open 110 hours per week, such as the Lawrence Artist and Jazz series, with extended hours during exams. ensemble concerts, public meetings, and the The library’s computer system offers a university convocation series. In recent years, gateway to the Lawrence collection, as well the chapel has been host to such performing as to other library catalogs, remote databases, artists as Emmanuel Ax, the Prague Chamber and the World Wide Web. Orchestra, Joshua Bell, Wynton Marsalis and Mudd Library provides well-designed the Lincoln Center Jazz Orchestra, Richard group study rooms, individual carrels, lounge Stoltzman, Dale Duesing, Bobby McFerrin, seating, and offices for students to use in Michael Brecker, and Diana Krall. research projects. There also are media-viewing and music-listening facilities. Students may Residence Halls and Food Service connect to the campus network at various locations in the building, using their own lap- Lawrence is a residential college, and more than top computers. 95 percent of all students live on campus in one of the residence halls or small houses. Computer Services Residence life is designed to promote the educational and social development of students. Computer Services staff members have Residence halls are supervised by professional offices in the library, where the Information residence hall directors, college graduates Technology Center provides the setting for trained specifically to deal with residential non-credit technology training to all members living. Each residence hall director supervises a of the Lawrence community. Computer team of student residence life advisors (RLAs) facilities for use by faculty, staff, and students whose main function is to help students accli- are widely distributed throughout the campus. mate to campus and residential living. Each The university provides central computing hall is small (no more than 175 students), and servers accessible from all parts of campus community-building is the prime objective. and offers world-wide communication via Each hall is unique and displays that the Internet. Data connections are available distinctiveness in many ways. The oldest is from student rooms in residence halls and Ormsby Hall (1889) and the newest, a seven- small houses. In addition, there is opportunity story structure, is Kohler Hall, completed in for students with laptop computers to connect 12 THE CAMPUS COMMUnITy

1967. Construction began in the spring of the menu ranges from hamburgers and ice 2002 on a new residence hall located on the cream to salads and vegetarian entrees. The hillside behind Ormsby, overlooking the Fox Volunteer and Community Service Center offers River. The 79,500-square-foot building will information and referrals for students, faculty, house 183 students in suite-style accommoda- and staff interested in service opportunities. tions and will be open for occupancy at the Union Station, the campus store, has food, beginning of the 2003-04 academic year. gifts, supplies, and Lawrence paraphernalia for Kohler is Lawrence’s substance-free sale. The campus Information Desk provides residence hall, and both Colman and Ormsby check cashing, a fax machine, information and provide smoke-free living options. Representative referral services, photocopying, equipment hall governments establish living rules, which rental, and on-campus mailboxes for campus supplement university regulations. Each residence organizations and off-campus students. An building on campus quickly becomes “home” Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) is available to the residents, and students are encouraged in the union. The campus activities office is to respect it and use it as such. Residential living located in the union, as are Lawrence at Lawrence is an integral part of a student’s University Community Council (LUCC) total education, and the members of the offices and meeting spaces. professional and student staff make it their goal to make living on campus an enriching Diversity Center experience. Students living on campus eat in either The Diversity Center, opened in 1997, is a of two university dining areas — one on each gathering place for students who wish to end of the campus. Jason Downer Commons, explore their cultural heritage and identity. on the east, has a central serving area and The center features a comfortable lounge, several dining rooms. Rooms also are available seminar rooms, and meeting rooms for campus at Downer for small group meetings. Across organizations dedicated to increasing awareness campus, Colman Hall houses the Lucinda of diversity-related issues. The Office of Darling Colman Room (Lucinda’s). Featuring Multicultural Affairs supports programs and slightly different fare in a homier atmosphere, annual events such as a Kwanzaa celebration, Lucinda’s serves breakfast and lunch Monday Pride Week, Women’s Week, Black History through Thursday. Several meal plans are Month, and ¡VIVA! Week. available. International House Memorial Union International House is Lawrence’s center for Situated atop a bluff overlooking the Fox River, internationalism and is devoted to cross-cultural the Memorial Union is the center of campus experiences and understanding. The first floor co-curricular activities. Campus organizations provides gathering places for international frequently use Riverview Lounge for their students, language tutoring, and receptions or meetings and social gatherings. The Viking meals of all kinds. The second floor houses the Room provides alcoholic and non-alcoholic Office of Off-Campus Programs, the Office of beverages, snacks, and good company each International Student Advising, and a reading evening, and the Underground Coffeehouse — and resource room used for seminars and small which offers a selection of specialty coffees, meetings. teas, baked goods, and other treats — often features live entertainment. The game room Alexander Gymnasium has pool tables, pinball machines, board games, and athletic fields a large-screen TV, and video games. Appetizing Alexander Gymnasium, completely renovated fare also is available at the Union Grill, where in 1986, is the center for 19 of Lawrence’s 23

13 THE CAMPUS COMMUnITy varsity sports. Facilities at the gymnasium Students have full control and responsibility for include two regulation gym floors, a regulation the weekly campus newspaper, The Lawrentian; squash court, three regulation racquetball/ for Ariel, a largely pictorial yearbook; and for handball courts, a wrestling room, a weight Tropos, a magazine of original poetry, fiction, room, and two batting cages. and visual art. Six tennis courts are on the campus close to the major residence halls. near the gymna- Music sium are the Banta Bowl, a 5,255-seat football Music pervades life at Lawrence for both the stadium and lighted field built into a natural casual listener and the ardent performer. There ravine, and Whiting Field, a complex that are weekly student and faculty recitals and includes an eight-lane all-weather track, base- frequent concerts by Lawrence ensembles, ball field, soccer fields, and practice field. including the Jazz Ensemble, the Symphony Orchestra, the Concert Choir, and the Wind Buchanan Kiewit Center Ensemble, which are free and open to the public. Dedicated almost exclusively to health and According to their interests and abilities, recreation, the Buchanan Kiewit Center students have a chance to sing opera, play in contains an eight-lane swimming pool and a concert band, or perform their own jazz diving well, a gymnasium equipped for basket- compositions. Lawrence ensembles come ball, volleyball, tennis, and badminton, a four- under the auspices of the Conservatory of lane running track, a weight and exercise Music, but membership is open to all students room, a dance studio, racquetball courts, and by audition, and nearly all musical groups saunas. It also is home to men’s and women’s include members from the college. varsity swimming and diving and men’s and women’s varsity fencing. Theatre Every year, numerous dramatic productions Athletics and recreation enable interested students to try their hand Athletics at Lawrence are seen as part of a at acting, set designing, or even playwriting. student’s total education. Through intercollegiate Three major plays are performed annually. sports, club sports, and a broad intramural The selection has ranged from Greek classics and recreation program, the university offers to contemporary experimental plays, from opportunities to compete or just have fun Shakespeare to the Theatre of the Absurd. for both men and women. In recent years, productions have included The varsity athletic teams are members Sweeney Todd, the Demon Barber of Fleet Street of the Midwest Conference (MWC) and the by Stephen Sondheim; Anton Chekhov’s national Collegiate Athletic Association, The Seagull, Little Eva Takes a Trip by Rebecca Division III (nCAA III). Hockey is in the Gilman; Brian Friel’s Translations; The Little Foxes Midwest Collegiate Hockey Association. by Lillian Hellman; Molière’s The Learned Lawrence offers 13 varsity sports for men, Ladies; and, in collaboration with the ten for women, and numerous club sports, Lawrence Opera Theatre, a double offering of intramural sports, and activities for both. The Marriage of Figaro — both the play by Many students participate in intramural Beaumarchais and the opera by Mozart. Major and recreation programs. These activities productions are supplemented by numerous provide physical fitness and the joy of compe- student-directed one-act plays and special tition without the time commitment and projects. discipline required at the varsity level. For more information, see the Student Film Handbook (http://www.lawrence.edu/ref/ sturef/handbook/). Student Publications 14 THE CAMPUS COMMUnITy

Student groups present a variety of films upon service opportunities. Staffed primarily throughout the year. by students, the office maintains resource files Om, the film committee, oversees a well- and a volunteer database, sponsors both one- rounded program of contemporary American time and long-term volunteer experiences, and films. facilitates the activities of student organizations Image International provides a foreign dedicated to service. The Volunteer and film series that is available to the campus and Community Service Center values the holistic Appleton communities. development of volunteers, supporting students The Classic Film Society offers classic in their service endeavors from preparation to American and international films. evaluation. Additional film series are sponsored by Service projects and volunteer placements academic departments or as part of special address at-risk youth, seniors, environmental programs. issues, social justice, education, literacy, the arts, and a variety of other populations and topics. Lectures See Speakers and Other Campus Visitors, p. 274. Campus Organizations Students participate in more than 100 Lawrence University organizations, including various governance Community Council committees, athletic and recreational clubs, The Lawrence University Community academic societies, fraternities and sororities, Council (LUCC) governs most non-academic and religious organizations. More information matters. Since 1968, students and faculty have about campus organizations can be obtained successfully worked together on social and from the Campus Activities Office and/or the other noncurricular issues. The council’s Student Handbook (http://www.lawrence.edu/ structure reflects the community. It has a student ref/sturef/handbook/). president and vice president, 14 student Students form organizations around representatives, and four faculty representatives. interests ranging from hobbies and avocational The LUCC concept of government activities to social issues and cultural awareness. demands more than the usual amount of A number of academic departments sponsor cooperation, interest, and involvement by clubs. Each group plans programs that can be students and faculty. The council constantly shared with the larger campus community. reviews its legislation in an attempt to keep Meetings are open to the entire student body. policies up-to-date, and it strives to meet the About 20 percent of the student body challenges of new community issues as they arise. participates in a fraternity or sorority. Lawrence is host to three sorority and five Volunteer and Community Service fraternity chapters, each representing a national or international organization. Sororities Volunteer opportunities play an important role include Delta Gamma, Kappa Alpha Theta, in educating students for lives of service and and Kappa Kappa Gamma. Fraternities include community responsibility. The Volunteer and Beta Theta Pi, Delta Tau Delta, Phi Delta Community Service Center, located in the Theta, Phi Kappa Tau, and Sigma Phi Epsilon. Memorial Union, is committed to helping Lawrentians identify, participate in, and reflect

15 Planning an Academic Program Planning is essential if the goals of a liberal arts that department and plan their future academic education are to be met. The first step toward program. This planning should take into account planning is to become aware of the range of not only the requirements of the major, but Lawrence’s curricular offerings and programs. courses in other areas that might complement The course catalog contains this information, the major or speak to students’ other particular and students should become thoroughly familiar interests. Again, postgraduate plans may be with it. Students should then discuss their important considerations. academic programs regularly with their faculty Planning is essential, but it need not be advisors and, as needed, with advisors of rigid. Initial interests students have on arrival programs or instructors of courses in which at Lawrence may change dramatically as a they have an interest. result of exposure to new and different areas Upon entering Lawrence, each student of study. is assigned a faculty advisor to give advice and perspective on developing an educational program. The structure of Students who build strong relationships the curriculum with their advisors will benefit most from a Lawrence education. To that end, students may The curriculum of the university is structured switch advisors as they develop a close working into three parts. For the Bachelor of Arts relationship with another faculty member. degree, students take approximately one-third Students need not, however, have an advisor in of their coursework in general education, their major field of study until the beginning another third in their major course of study, of their junior year. and a final third in elective areas of study. Freshmen most often enroll in seven Bachelor of Music students take approximately courses in addition to the Freshman Studies one-third of their courses in general education sequence. This permits enrollment in courses and the other two third in music-related study. in a student’s general area of intellectual interest and exploration of new areas as well. Lawrence’s General Education general education requirements should be considered in making these choices. Other To ensure that Lawrence students gain familiarity considerations also should figure in this with the principal academic disciplines and planning. For example, Bachelor of Music with the modes of thought and expression students have fewer choices in the first year appropriate to each, approximately one-third since they must also take music theory and of the course work required for the bachelor’s private lessons. Some majors and preprofessional degree is in general education. programs may require that specific course The general education component of sequences be started in the freshman year. each degree program consists of three parts. Students also may want to consider off-campus The purpose of the distribution requirements is to programs. They should learn when these ensure that students graduating from Lawrence programs are offered and what, if any, course experience the breadth of study central to a work is required for participation in them. liberal arts education. The purpose of the diversity Finally, students may want to think ahead to requirements is to prepare students for positions postgraduate study. of leadership within an increasingly diverse Most students select a major during the American society and an increasingly intercon- sophomore year, after they have had an oppor- nected world. We believe the skills represented tunity to sample course work in a variety of by the competency requirements are fundamental disciplines. Once they have determined a to the study of the liberal arts and prerequisites major, they consult with a faculty member in for success in any discipline or profession.

17 PLAnnInG An ACAdEMIC PROGRAM

Distribution: divisions within writing, and speaking skills. The program the university does more than develop these basic academic skills, however. Through the study of classical Lawrence University organizes its curricular works of systematic thought or creative programs and offerings into divisions that are imagination, it also raises for discussion and further described in degree requirements. analysis important ideas of abiding concern. The divisions are as follows: Freshman Studies is both an introduction to Humanities: classics, East Asian languages and an important part of a Lawrence and cultures, English, French, German, history, education. (See page 128.) philosophy, religious studies, Russian, and Spanish. Majors Natural sciences: biology, chemistry, geology, mathematics and computer science, Liberal learning calls for depth and focus as and physics. well as for breadth of knowledge. The academic Social sciences: anthropology, economics, major gives students the opportunity to master government, and psychology. a subject, while providing the challenge and Fine arts: art and art history, music, and pleasure of learning something thoroughly. theatre and drama. Lawrence provides its students with an Interdisciplinary programs, such as opportunity to work in the major academic biomedical ethics, environmental studies, areas in ways that best suit their interests, talents, gender studies, and linguistics are usually non- and plans. Most students choose to major in divisional. However, such non-divisional a single discipline. Some students design their courses, as well as education and university own majors. Others pursue double majors. courses may be assigned divisional affiliations All Lawrence major programs, however, share when appropriate. as their foundation the commitment to a schedule that is substantially integrated and Diversity and competencies methodologically as sophisticated as the discipline allows. Beginning with the 2001-02 academic year, certain classes offered during particular terms Minors have been designated as addressing the diversity and competency requirements that are part of Minors provide an opportunity for students the general education requirements of each seeking the Bachelor of Arts degree to do degree program. These classes are structured organized and focused work in a field outside to meet specific guidelines determined by the the area of their majors. Some students will faculty of the university and reflect a dimension combine majors and minors in closely related of the curriculum not captured by course fields — biology and chemistry, for instance, subject and number. Classes identified as meeting or English and history — while others will use diversity or competency requirements are minors to explore subjects very different from identified in the class schedule published each their major areas. Minors are offered by almost term on the registrar’s website (www.lawrence. all curricular departments of the university. edu/dept/registrar/). Interdisciplinary areas Freshman Studies The rigor of a major is still the best method of guiding, coordinating, and integrating a student’s Entering students enroll in Freshman Studies, advanced scholarly work in a liberal arts a two-course sequence specifically designed college. But knowledge does not come boxed to acquaint students with the modes of in disciplines and departments, and students’ inquiry characteristic of intellectual discourse interests and needs often cross the boundaries at Lawrence and to increase their reading,

18 PLAnnInG An ACAdEMIC PROGRAM of their majors into many related areas. may enroll in University Courses (see page 230). Interdisciplinary areas at Lawrence allow students pursuing a Bachelor of Arts degree to Individual courses of study cross departmental or disciplinary boundaries Student-initiated options for study are a long- and address issues from several perspectives. standing feature of the Lawrence curriculum. Every Lawrence student still chooses a major Most often, students elect tutorials or indepen- and fulfills its requirements, but students who dent study in order to pursue topics of special satisfy the requirements of an interdisciplinary interest in depth. Lawrence students usually area of concentration may have the area listed on participate in at least one of these two options their transcripts along with the declared major. during the four years. Most often, students Each interdisciplinary area constitutes a pursue tutorials or independent study in the field of study that allows students to explore department of their majors, but they may, particular themes, topics, or problems from the when qualified, undertake such work in other perspective of several disciplines. Lawrence has departments. established interdisciplinary areas in biomedical Additional opportunities for individual ethics, cognitive science, international studies, courses of instruction include student-designed and neuroscience (see Courses of Study, begin- courses, student-designed majors, writing for ning on page 31, where interdisciplinary areas credit, and academic internships (see page 254 are listed alphabetically along with departmental and following for details on these special listings). options and for specific information on Lawrence’s academic internship policy). Performance areas and areas of emphasis Off-campus study Students pursuing a Bachelor of Music degree Lawrence encourages students to engage in at with a major in performance must select a least one term of study away from the campus. performance area for their studies (piano, organ, Lawrence, itself, sponsors four programs, harpsichord, voice, strings, classical guitar, winds, including its own London Center. The univer- or percussion). sity also participates in programs sponsored by Performance majors may choose to com- the Associated Colleges of the Midwest (ACM), plete an optional area of emphasis in piano the Great Lakes Colleges Association (GLCA), accompanying, piano pedagogy, or jazz studies. and the Institute for International Education Majors in music education must select of Students (IES), and in programs of other from five areas of emphasis (general, choral/ academic organizations (e.g., the Intercollegiate general, instrumental, instrumental/general, Center for Classical Studies in Rome and the and choral/general/instrumental). Washington Semester). Each of these programs Theory/composition majors may elect to has a Lawrence faculty advisor who may be complete an area of emphasis in jazz studies. consulted for information. Participation in these programs requires approval by both the University Courses Lawrence Subcommittee on Off-Campus University Courses deal with subjects of Study and acceptance by the program sponsor interest and importance that are outside the (see page 278). purview of any given department. Usually Lawrence also engages in cooperative interdisciplinary, University Courses call upon arrangements with certain professional schools students and faculty to integrate ideas from that allow students to combine two or three sometimes disparate fields of knowledge. years of study here and subsequent enrollment Alternatively, they provide opportunity for at the professional school toward the attainment faculty to present material of specific scholarly of two degrees. Contact the designated advisor interest or expertise. Students from all disciplines for further information and guidance (see

19 PLAnnInG An ACAdEMIC PROGRAM page 28). Career planning Course numbering The Career Center offers a wide range of and course credit services to all Lawrentians — undergraduates and graduates alike. These include individual during the 2001-02 academic year Lawrence appointments to assist in identifying career implemented a new course-number system interests and skills, job fairs, and on-campus and a new credit scale. The information recruiting opportunities. The center sponsors presented below references the new formats. workshops and seminars to increase career This catalog, however, contains both the old awareness and to improve job-search skills. It and the new numbers and credit values in the also provides assistance in developing intern- sections listing course offerings and will serve ships and summer employment and collects as a permanent record of these changes. and publicizes information on specific job 100-199: Introductory courses. These opportunities. courses generally do not require prior study unless they are part of a sequence, such as Graduate study introductory language or mathematics courses. Students interested in graduate and professional This level includes courses introducing students schools will find a variety of valuable resources to the discipline as well as any topical courses in the Career Center. Students can research aimed at non-majors. information on specific schools and programs, 200-399: Foundation/gateway courses. on graduate and professional school entrance These courses represent the second tier of work examinations, and on financial aid. The Career in each discipline and might include methods Center also offers computer-based practice courses and introductions to sub-disciplines. tests for students interested in honing their Typically these courses are not appropriate for testing skills before taking a graduate school entering freshmen, but in some departments exam. Lawrence serves as a center for the they might be appropriate for continuing administration of the Graduate Record students with no prior experience in the subject. Examination (GRE) subject tests, the Law 400-599: Advanced courses. These School Admission Test, the Foreign Service courses include seminar series, special-topics Examination, and the Medical College courses, and advanced work in sub-disciplines. Admission Test (MCAT). Students enrolling in advanced courses are expected to understand the basic methodology Professional study of the discipline. 600-699: Capstone courses. These Lawrence strongly believes that liberal courses include the culminating work in a education — with its emphasis on skills of discipline and are not appropriate for students analysis and communication, on breadth of who are neither majors nor minors in the knowledge, and on the ability to pursue discipline. knowledge of one area in depth — affords the A standard course at Lawrence is valued best preparation for rigorous professional study. at 6 units. A normal course load for a term is Since these attributes of liberal education can three standard courses, or 18 units. For more be developed and nurtured regardless of a information about course loads and how to student’s area of concentration, in most cases translate Lawrence units into semester or Lawrence does not prescribe fixed courses of hours, please see page 292. study for students with preprofessional interests. At the same time, we recognize that some professional programs and schools require

Postgraduate considerations

20 PLAnnInG An ACAdEMIC PROGRAM specific preparation at the undergraduate level. provides guidance in the selection of schools, Faculty and other advisors assist students in in developing applications, in the preparation determining what preparatory studies, if any, for interviews, and in planning for medical will be essential or valuable for later work in school admissions testing. these areas. Students with specific professional Students who plan to attend medical goals should consult with these advisors as school may concentrate in the field or fields early as possible — in some instances during of their greatest interest. Medical schools do, the freshman registration period. however, require considerable work in the natural sciences, including biology, chemistry, Pre-Business and physics, as well as English. Faculty mem- Advisor: Mr. Alger bers and pre-medical advisors on the Health Students who plan to undertake postgraduate Careers Advisory Committee are available to study in business — in most cases a program help students select courses that will meet the leading to a master’s degree in business requirements of medical schools and at the administration — normally are advised to same time provide a broad liberal education. supplement the major of their choice and the Lawrence offers a number of programs university’s General Education requirements designed to familiarize students with the with course work in mathematics, as well as nature of medical education and practice. statistics, economics, and computer science. In These programs include workshops, discussions addition, they should pay particular attention with local physicians, and opportunities to to the development of writing skills. observe, under the supervision of local practi- tioners, various aspects of the medical profes- Pre-Law sion. The committee also sponsors Kasel Advisor: Mr. Podair Summer Internship Grants, which provide Legal studies require strong analytic skills, opportunities to study medical problems in the a knowledge of society, and the ability to Fox Valley (see Biomedical Ethics, page 55), communicate effectively. Students planning and Allied Health Sciences, page 28. to attend law school normally are advised to supplement the major of their choice and the Teacher Certification university’s General Education requirements Lawrence offers certification at the secondary with some course work in philosophy and the level in most subjects and at the elementary theoretical and analytic aspects of their field and secondary level in music and art. Students of concentration, as well as course work in the generally student-teach during their senior social sciences. year, but, to encourage students to pursue this certification, a 13th term of student teaching Health Careers is available without normal tuition charges in Advisors: Ms. de Stasio, Mr. Hetzler, Mr. the fall following graduation. Those interested Lokensgard, Mr. Maravolo, Mr. Perreault in student teaching should consult with the The Health Careers Advisory Committee education department faculty at their earliest works closely with students as they apply to opportunity (see page 95). medical schools and other programs to prepare for health science and allied health careers. It

21 Degree and General Education Requirements Residence requirements required for the degree, a student must present: To qualify for a Lawrence University B.A. or a. a minimum of 72 units from courses B.Mus. degree, students are required to have a numbered 200 or above minimum of six terms in residence and earn b. no more than 150 units from a single 108 units (Lawrence foreign study programs, division ACM programs, and other special arrangements c. no more than 90 units from a single under Lawrence sponsorship included). Nine department, except that in the art terms in residence and 162 units are required department a student may present no for the five-year B.A. and B.Mus. double-degree more than 126 units, no more than 90 of program. which may be in studio art and no more Students must be in residence on the than 90 of which may be in art history. Appleton campus until they have completed d. no more than 42 units in education the Freshman Studies requirement. e. no more than 12 units from academic The last three terms of work and a mini- internships mum of 54 units submitted for the graduation 2. In the freshman year, 12 units of requirements must be done in residence unless Freshman Studies a department (or departments, or advisory 3. Completion of the General Education committee, where appropriate) previously has Requirements: certified completion of the requirements for a. Distribution, in order to gain exposure a major. This requirement, or one of its parts, to a range of disciplines, subjects, and may be waived by the admissions office in the perspectives within the liberal arts: case of incoming transfer students or by the i. 12 units selected from departments and Faculty Subcommittee on Administration in courses listed within the Division of any other cases. Humanities. All courses in the Humanities taught in English will count Bachelor of Arts degree towards this requirement. Humanities courses taught in a foreign language and Students seeking the Bachelor of Arts degree numbered 300 and above will count will complete approximately one-third of their towards this requirement, except as work in each of three areas: Freshman Studies noted in the course catalog. and General Education, a major, and elective ii. 6 units selected from departments and study. The Freshman Studies and General courses listed within the Division of Education Requirements are designed to pro- Fine Arts; mote the breadth of study central to a liberal iii. 12 units selected from departments arts education, perspective on issues critical to and courses listed within the Division a diverse America and an interconnected of Social Sciences; world, and the development of skills essential iv. 12 units selected from departments for success in any discipline or profession. and courses listed within the Division The completion of a major provides focused, of Natural Sciences, at least six units in-depth work in a single discipline. Elective of which must be in a laboratory study affords students opportunities to develop course in biology, chemistry, geology, or secondary interests, work in areas complemen- physics. tary to their primary discipline, or explore new b. Diversity, in order to prepare students for fields of study. a more global world and a more diverse America: Degree requirements i. 6 units selected from courses designated as either emphasizing global and com- 1. Completion of 216 units. Of the 216 units parative perspectives on the world or focusing on areas outside Europe and 23 DEGREE REqUIREMENTS

the United States; research projects and presentations, portfoli- ii. 6 units selected from courses designated os, etc. Students are required to declare a as focusing on dimensions of diversity, major by the beginning of the junior year. such as race, ethnicity, and gender, that 5. An academic record that meets the following are of particular importance in under- standards: standing contemporary society in the a. A 2.000 grade-point average in all United States. Lawrence courses. c. Competency, in order to improve and b. A 2.000 grade-point average in the reinforce those fundamental abilities college major (all courses taken in the central to a liberal arts education: major department and any required i. 6 units selected from courses designated courses outside the major department). as writing intensive; 6. Completion of the required terms and units ii. 6 units selected from courses designated in residence as specified by the university as speaking intensive; residence requirements (see page 23). iii. 6 units selected from courses designated as emphasizing mathematical reasoning or quantitative analysis; Bachelor of Music degree iv. 6 units in a foreign language taken The Bachelor of Music is a professional degree. from courses numbered 200 or above Courses in music represent approximately two- and taught primarily in a language thirds of the curriculum, while one-third is other than English. This requirement devoted to Freshman Studies and General may also be satisfied by attaining a Education Requirements. score of 4 or 5 on an Advanced In addition to academic policies and Placement examination in a foreign regulations detailed in this catalog, students in language or by passing a proficiency the conservatory are subject to policies and examination administered by a Lawrence procedures detailed in conservatory department University foreign language department. guidelines and the Conservatory Student Handbook (http://www.lawrence.edu/conservatory/ Stipulations pertaining to the handbook). General Education Requirements A single course may not be used to Admission to the degree satisfy more than one requirement An entrance audition is required of all applicants within categories (a) Distribution and for admission to the Bachelor of Music degree. (b) Diversity. A single course may be Bachelor of Arts students who wish to become used to satisfy a requirement within Bachelor of Music students must petition the category (c) Competency and a Conservatory Committee on Administration requirement within category (a) for admission. Bachelor of Music students who Distribution or (b) Diversity. No wish to become Bachelor of Arts students course will be designated as fulfilling must petition the University Committee on more than one category (c) Administration for acceptance into the Competency requirement. Credits Bachelor of Arts degree program. Such chang- granted persuant to university policy es are not normally allowed before the end of for advanced placement or for transfer the freshman year nor later than the beginning work may be used to fulfill General of the junior year. Education Requirements. Bachelor of Music students must complete 4. Completion of a major — departmental, the appropriate qualifying examination(s), interdisciplinary, or student-designed — normally by the end of the sophomore year, including all course and non-course require- to be admitted to a major (please see descriptions ments, such as departmental examinations,

24 DEGREE REqUIREMENTS of individual majors, page 237, et seq.). ii. 12 units selected from courses numbered below 200 in a foreign Degree requirements language or the equivalent as 1. Completion of a minimum of 216 units. determined by placement based on an The following music courses are used in Advanced Placement examination or a the computation of the degree grade-point proficiency examination administered average but are excluded from the total of by a Lawrence University foreign 216 units required for the degree: MURP language department. 201, 202, 203, 301, 302 and MUTH 161, Note: While some music courses may satisfy 162, 171, 172. General Education Requirements, a minimum 2. Of the 216 units required to complete the of 60 units in courses other than music is degree, a student must present: required for the degree. a. a minimum of 144 units in music b. a minimum of 60 units in courses Stipulations pertaining to the other than music. General Education Requirements c. no more than 12 units from academic A single course may be used to satisfy internships requirements in all three categories The additional 12 units may be selected (Distribution, Diversity, and from any department. Competency). A single course may be 3. In the freshman year, 12 units of Freshman used to satisfy only one requirement Studies. in the Competency category. Credits 4. Completion of the General Education granted persuant to university policy Requirements for advanced placement or for transfer a. Distribution work may be used to fulfill General i. 12 units selected from departments Education Requirements. and courses listed within the Division of 5. Completion of music core requirements: Humanities; a. Music theory ii. 6 units selected from departments and i. MUTH 151, 161, 171 or MUTH 201, courses listed within the Division of 211, 221 Social Sciences; ii. MUTH 152, 162, 172 or MUTH 202, iii. 6 units selected from departments and 212, 222 courses listed within the Division of iii. MUTH 251, 261, and 271 Natural Sciences. iv. MUTH 252, 262, and 272 b. Diversity v. MUTH 301, 311, and 321 i. 6 units selected from courses b. Music history designated as emphasizing global and i. MUHI 201 and 202 comparative perspectives on the world ii. 6 units selected from courses in music or focusing on areas outside Europe and history numbered 300 or above the United States or focusing iii. 6 units selected from courses in music on dimensions of diversity, such as race, history numbered 400 or above ethnicity, and gender, that are c. Keyboard skills: MURP 201, 202, 203 or of particular importance in understand- MURP 301, 302 ing contemporary society in d. Applied music individual instruction as the United States. specified under requirements for the c. Competency major and areas of emphasis i. 6 units selected from courses designated e. Ensemble study: a minimum of 12 units. as writing intensive. Students are required to participate in an ensemble every term in which they are attending classes on the Appleton campus.

25 DEGREE REqUIREMENTS

Requirements for specific types of Certain majors in the Bachelor of Arts ensemble study (MUEN) are specified degree program (for example, some laboratory under requirements for majors and areas sciences) may be difficult to combine with the of emphasis. Bachelor of Music degree program into a five- 6. Completion of a major in music — perfor- year double-degree program, especially if the mance, music education, theory/ composi- student’s objective is to maintain serious tion, or student-designed — including all options for graduate or professional work in course and non-course requirements, such both areas after graduation. Such combinations as recitals, qualifying examinations, etc. A may require that course overloads be taken to student is expected to pass a qualifying complete minimum requirements in each examination for admission to the major major in a timely and satisfactory manner. after no more than six terms of study. Early and regular consultation with advisors 7. An academic record that meets the following in both the college and the conservatory is average standards: imperative. Further, students who seek certifi- a. A 2.000 grade-point average in all cation for purposes of teaching a subject other Lawrence courses. than music are urged to see the dean of the b. A 2.000 grade-point average in the conservatory. music major (all music courses and non- In addition to academic policies and music courses required for the major) regulations detailed in this catalog, students unless otherwise specified under the in the conservatory are subject to policies and major requirements. procedures detailed in conservatory department 8. Completion of required terms and units guidelines and the Conservatory Student in residence as specified by the university Handbook (http://www.lawrence.edu/ residence requirements (see page 23). conservatory/handbook).

Degree requirements Bachelor of Arts/Bachelor of 1. Completion of a minimum of 15 terms Music double-degree program of study and 270 units. Of the 270 units Professional study in music and study in the required, a student must present: liberal arts may be combined in a five-year a. a minimum of 144 units in music, program leading to both Bachelor of Music exclusive of MURP 201, 202, 203, 301, and Bachelor of Arts degrees, the latter with 302 and MUTH 161, 162, 171, 172 a major other than music. Both degrees are b. a minimum of 114 units selected from awarded at the conclusion of the five-year courses other than music program. Interested students should discuss c. no more than 42 units from courses in this possibility with their advisors as early as education possible. d. a minimum of 72 units from courses Approximately half of the curriculum is numbered 200 and above devoted to the study of music — completion e. no more than 90 units from a single of the music core and requirements for a department outside of music, except that major in performance, music education, or in the art department a student may present theory/composition. The other half of the no more than 126 units, no more than curriculum mirrors that of the Bachelor of 90 of which may be in art and no more Arts program, emphasizing breadth of study than 90 of which may be in art history central to a liberal arts education, focused f. no more than 12 units from academic study in the college major, and elective study internships to complement other work or explore other 2. In the freshman year, 12 units of Freshman fields of interest. Studies.

26 DEGREE REqUIREMENTS

3. Completion of the General Education as emphasizing mathematical reasoning Requirements: or quantitative analysis; a. Distribution, in order to gain exposure iv. 6 units in a foreign language taken to a range of disciplines, subjects, and from courses numbered 200 or above perspectives within the liberal arts: and taught primarily in a language i. 12 units selected from departments and other than English. This requirement courses listed within the Division of may also be satisfied by attaining a Humanities. All courses in the humanities score of 4 or 5 on an Advanced taught in English will count toward this Placement examination in a foreign requirement. Humanities courses taught language or by passing a proficiency in a foreign language and numbered 300 examination administered by a and above also will count toward this Lawrence University foreign language requirement, except as noted in the department. Course Catalog. ii. 6 units selected from departments and Stipulations pertaining to the General courses listed within the Division of Education Requirements Fine Arts; A single course may not be used to iii. 12 units selected from departments satisfy more than one requirement and courses listed within the Division within categories (a) Distribution and of Social Sciences; (b) Diversity. A single course may be iv. 12 units selected from departments used to satisfy a requirement within and courses listed within the Division category (c) Competency and a of Natural Sciences, at least six units requirement within category (a) of which must be in a laboratory Distribution or (b) Diversity. No course in biology, chemistry, geology, course will be designated as fulfilling or physics. more than one category (c) b. Diversity, in order to prepare students for Competency requirement. Credits a more global world and a more diverse granted persuant to university policy America: for advanced placement or for transfer i. 6 units selected from courses designated work may be used to fulfill General as either emphasizing global and com- Education Requirements. parative perspectives on the world or 4. Completion of a college major — depart- focusing on areas outside Europe and mental, interdisciplinary, or student-designed the United States; — exclusive of music, including all course ii. 6 units selected from courses designated and non-course requirements, such as as focusing on dimensions of diversity, departmental examinations, research projects such as race, ethnicity, and gender, that and presentations, portfolios, etc. Students are of particular importance in under- are required to declare a major by the standing contemporary society in the beginning of the junior year. United States. 5. Completion of music core requirements: c. Competency, in order to improve and a. Music theory reinforce those fundamental abilities i. MUTH 151, 161, 171 or MUTH 201, central to a liberal arts education: 211, 221 i. 6 units selected from courses designated ii. MUTH 152, 162, 172 or MUTH 202, as writing intensive; 212, 222 ii. 6 units selected from courses designated iii. MUTH 251, 261, and 271 as speaking intensive; iv. MUTH 252, 262, and 272 iii. 6 units selected from courses designated v. MUTH 301, 311, and 321

27 DEGREE REqUIREMENTS

b. Music history programs that enable students to build a foun- i. MUHI 201 and 202 dation in the liberal arts and then acquire ii. 6 units selected from courses in music specific professional skills. These programs lead, history numbered 300 or above in most cases, to the awarding of two degrees. iii. 6 units selected from courses in music The Lawrence cooperative programs listed history numbered 400 or above below generally provide for students to study c. Keyboard skills: MURP 201, 202, 203 or at Lawrence for three years and then transfer MURP 301, 302 to a professional school for two more years. d. Applied music individual instruction as To qualify for a Lawrence degree in these specified under requirements for the programs, students must earn 162 units and major and areas of emphasis fulfill all other degree requirements that cannot e. Ensemble study: a minimum of 12 units. be met in the professional school. Students must Students are required to participate in undertake careful planning with the professional an ensemble every term in which they advisors and with their own faculty advisors to are attending classes on the Appleton make sure all requirements will be completed campus. Requirements for specific types satisfactorily. of ensemble study (MUEN) are specified under requirements for majors and areas Allied Health Sciences of emphasis. 6. Completion of a major in music — perfor- Program advisor: Mr. Maravolo mance, music education, theory/ composi- Lawrence has a program with Rush- tion, or student-designed — including all Presbyterian-St. Luke’s Medical Center in course and non-course Chicago offering joint programs in the liberal requirements, such as recitals, qualifying arts and allied health sciences. These opportu- examinations, etc. A student is expected to nities are available in both nursing and medical pass a qualifying examination for admission technology. In the 3-2 option, which leads to a to the major after no more than six terms B.A. degree from Lawrence and a B.S. degree of study. with a major in nursing or medical technology 7. An academic record that meets the following from Rush, students take a broad program in standards: the sciences, social sciences, and humanities as a. A 2.000 grade-point average in all well as specific courses at Lawrence (noted Lawrence courses. below) during the first three years. In the two b. A 2.000 grade-point average in the years at Rush, students undertake further music major (all music courses and non- course work and the clinical training. A 2-2 music courses required for the major) program leads to a single B.S. degree from unless otherwise specified under the Rush. Many Lawrence students, however, major requirements. pursue a 4-2 option earning the B.A. degree 8. Completion of required terms and units before enrolling for the two years in Rush to in residence as specified by the university earn the B.S. degree. residence requirements (see page 23). Students pursuing the nursing program must complete Lawrence Biology 110 and 140, Chemistry 115 and 116, Psychology 260, Cooperative degree programs Mathematics 107, and two additional social A liberal arts education provides excellent sciences. Students in the medical technology preparation for careers in a variety of professions. program must complete Lawrence Biology 110 For this reason, several professional schools and 140, Chemistry 115, 116, 210, and 250, have contracted with Lawrence for cooperative Mathematics 107, and one other biology course. The remainder of a student’s curriculum should be in non-technical areas and following

28 DEGREE REqUIREMENTS the basic tenets of a liberal arts curriculum. Students pursuing a 3-2 program must complete Forestry and 162 units and all other requirements before Environmental Studies leaving the Appleton campus. (Biology and Program advisor: Mr. Maravolo psychology majors can fulfill some departmental The college offers a cooperative program with requirements at Rush.) Duke University in the areas of environmental Representatives from Rush visit the science and forestry. Upon satisfactory comple- campus periodically, and the medical center tion of this five-year program, spending three holds open houses twice each year to provide years at Lawrence and two at Duke’s School of more complete information on these programs. the Environment, the student will receive the Data sheets that place students on the Rush B.A. degree from Lawrence and the professional mailing list for information are available from degree Master of Forestry or Master of the program advisor. Environmental Management from Duke. The major emphases at Duke are in forest Engineering resource production, resource ecology, resource Program advisor: Mr. Cook policy and economics, water and air resources, Students wishing to combine a liberal arts and ecotoxicology. An undergraduate major in program with professional training in natural sciences, social sciences, or pre-engi- engineering or computer science may want to neering is good preparation for the programs choose the 3-2 program in engineering, which at Duke, but a student with any undergraduate involves three years of study at Lawrence concentration will be considered for admission. University and two years of study at an The student must complete a total of 48 units engineering school. Lawrence has formal at Duke, which generally takes four semesters. affiliations with Columbia University (New The student must complete 162 units at York, New York), Rensselaer Polytechnic Lawrence and fulfill all other requirements that Institute (Troy, New York), Washington cannot be completed at Duke. All students University (St. Louis, Missouri), and the contemplating this cooperative program should University of Michigan (Ann Arbor, Michigan), plan to take ecology, economics, statistics, and but students may transfer to any accredited computer science at Lawrence before matricu- engineering school with the agreement of the lating at Duke. chosen institution. Upon satisfactory completion Some students may prefer to complete of the five-year program, these students will the bachelor’s degree before undertaking receive the Bachelor of Arts degree from graduate study at Duke. The master’s degree Lawrence as well as a Bachelor of Engineering requirements for these students are the same degree from the professional school they have as those for students entering after the junior attended. To prepare for the transfer to an year, but the 48-unit requirements may be engineering school, students must include reduced for relevant, already completed under- among their courses basic mathematics (normally graduate work of satisfactory quality. All credit Mathematics 140, 150, 160, and 210), intro- reductions are determined individually and ductory chemistry (Chemistry 115 and 116), consider both the student’s educational back- introductory physics with calculus (Physics ground and objectives. 150, 160), and six courses (36 units) in humanities and social sciences. Many of these courses Occupational Therapy also will figure in the student’s major at Program advisor: Mr. Metalsky Lawrence. Because specific requirements vary Lawrence offers a 3-2 program in occupational slightly among the engineering schools, students therapy in conjunction with the School of contemplating the 3-2 program should consult Medicine of Washington University, St. Louis. early with the program advisor. Students spend three years of study at

29 DEGREE REqUIREMENTS

Lawrence and then continue for five semesters financial aid provided by Washington University. and two summers in the occupational therapy To complete the occupational therapy program at Washington University. After two program, students must complete 162 units at semesters of successful study at Lawrence, meet general education requirements, Washington University, Lawrence awards the and fulfill all requirements for a Lawrence Bachelor of Arts degree. The student then con- major. Students also must fulfill the prerequisite tinues for three more semesters and two sum- course requirements for occupational therapy, mers at Washington University to earn the as follows: Biology 110, 140, and 242; one Master additional biology course (6 units) numbered of Science in Occupational Therapy degree. 200 or above; one additional science course Students who complete this program are pre- (6 units) chosen from physics, chemistry, biology, pared to address the prevention and treatment or neuroscience; Psychology 250 and 260; one of physical or mental dysfunctions that impair course (6 units) chosen from among people’s abilities to perform activities of daily Philosophy 100, Philosophy 120, Philosophy life. Occupational therapists focus on the 320, Philosophy 440, Economics 290, or methods that permit individuals to engage in Government 495; two additional courses (12 meaningful life activities. They also assist in units) chosen from the social sciences; and modifying environments that make it possible Mathematics 107. Completing Lawrence for individuals to function at home, at work, requirements and the prerequisite requirements and in the community. will require careful planning, which must Lawrence students apply to the occupa- begin early in the Lawrence career. Students tional therapy program of the School of interested in this program should talk with Medicine, Washington University during the their faculty advisors not later than the begin- fall of the junior year and must meet the ning of the sophomore year. Students should entrance requirements established by the coordinate their plans with the program advisor occupational therapy program. The Washington as well. University School of Medicine is one of the finest in the country, and the occupational therapy program is competitive. A 3.000 Lawrence grade-point average is a minimum requirement but does not guarantee admission. Students who are admitted may apply for

30 Courses of Study Anthropology

Professor: R. Mason (emeritus) The anthropology Associate professor: Peregrine2, 3 (chair) Assistant professors: Daughtry, Hastings, Kusimba major and minor Adjunct professors: C. Mason, Saunders Adjunct associate professor: Hemwall (dean of Anthropology is built around a shared core student academic services) of culture theory, and two principal paths lead Adjunct assistant professors: Kosansky, Wickens into the discipline, one via the social science orientation of ethnology and the other via Anthropology is the study of humanity in all the natural science orientation of physical its cultural, biological, and historical variety. A anthro pology and prehistoric archaeology. synthesis of scientific and humanistic concerns Either of these two paths (Anthropology 110 and methods, it attempts to distinguish univer sal or 140) serves as the foundation for most of human characteristics from those unique to the midlevel courses. Students wishing a individual social groups. general introduction to the entire field are The insights of anthropology are essential encouraged to take both Anthropology 110 and for a critical under standing of the prob lems of 140. Majors and minors are required to do so. the contemporary world. Anthropology informs a public confronted with choices to be made Required for the in changing value systems, competing social goals, ethnic and race relations, environ mental anthropology major and cultural resources management, and inter national relations. 1. Anthropology 110: Cultural Anthropology The anthropology program includes a Anthropology 140: Biological Anthropology range of courses and oppor tun ities for guided 2. Mathematics 107 (any section): Elementary indepen dent study from the complementary Statistics or Mathematics 117 or perspectives of archaeology and ethnology. Mathematics 207: Introduction to Probability Faculty members provide expertise in a number and Statistics of ethnographic areas, including Africa, Latin 3. Anthropology 200: History of Anthropological Ideas America, North America, and Europe. Topical Anthropology 210: Research Methods in inter ests include cultural evolution, prehistory, Cultural Anthropology race and racism, peasant societies, hunters Anthropology 220: Research Methods in and gatherers, gender and family, ecological Archaeology anthropology, psychological anthropology, the Students are expected to complete these anthropology of religion, the anthropology of courses during their sophomore year and education, language and culture, and economic no later than the end of their junior year. development. The department maintains a 4. Anthropology 600: Senior Research Seminar wellequipped archaeological laboratory as 5. Four elective courses in anthropology, well as collec tions of archaeological and including at least one upperdivision ethnographic materials from many culture areas. seminar (courses numbered in the 500s). (Anthropology majors are urged to take several of these seminars in their junior and senior years.) 1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; 4on leave Terms I, II, III

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Required for the strategies in shaping anthropological knowledge. anthropology minor 6 units. Prerequisites: Anthropology 110 or 140 1. Anthropology 110: Cultural Anthropology preferably both (nonanthropology majors Anthropology 140: Biological Anthropology must have instructor’s approval to register) 2. Three electives in anthropology, selected Recommended for anthropology majors in the from courses numbered 200 and above, sophomore year; must be completed by the end except Anthropology 600. of the junior year. 3. one upperdivision seminar (courses numbered in the 500s) ANTH 210 4. C average in the minor Research Methods in Cultural Anthropology An introduction to basic assumptions and Courses methods of research in sociocultural anthro pology, including participant observation, ANTH 110 ethno graphic interview, focus groups, cognitive Cultural Anthropology methods, survey, and census. Students gain An introduction to the nature of culture, handson exper ience in research. 6 units. the organization of social relations, and the Enrollment limit: 20 relationships between values and behavior. Atten tion to the human use of culture in Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or 140, prefer adapting to environments and to language, ably both (nonanthropology majors must have technology, kinship, and religion as cultural instructor’s approval to register) systems. Case studies of Western and non Recommended for anthropology majors in Western peoples. 6 units. the sophomore year; must be completed by Enrollment limit: 40 the end of the junior year.

ANTH 140 ANTH 220 Biological Anthropology Research Methods in Archaeology An exploration of the human organism from Presents the research process in archaeology an anthropological perspective. Points of and offers an overview of essential data emphasis include human use of the environment, collection and analysis techniques, including human evolution, and the concept of race. site survey and excavation, settlement pattern 6 units. analysis, lithic analysis, and ceramic analysis. Students work with material from the Enrollment limit: 40 Lawrence University collections and take part in field research. 6 units. ANTH 200 History of Anthropological Ideas Also listed as Environmental Studies 260 A study of the development of anthropology Enrollment limit: 20 as a scholarly discipline and a method of inqui Prerequisites: Anthropology 110 and 140 and ry. Consideration of theoretical perspectives such Mathematics 107 or 207 (nonanthropology as evolutionism, historical particularism, func majors must have instructor’s approval to register) tionalism, cultural materialism, interpretive Recommended for anthropology majors in the approaches, and also the significance of sophomore year; must be completed by the participantobservation and other field research end of the junior year.

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ANTH 302 emotion and identity in cultural poetics, gender The Family in Cross-Cultural Perspective concepts, religion, and everyday life. 6 units. A study of the ways that family life varies Enrollment limit: 35 crossculturally. Attention to the relationships Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or 140 between family systems and human biology, ecology, and the symbolic and ideological ANTH 310 aspects of culture. Case studies of family life Ecological Anthropology in Western and nonWestern societies. 6 units. A study of rela tionships between human Enrollment limit: 30 communities and their natural environ ments Prerequisite: Anthro pology 110 or 140 (i.e., humans studied as members of ecosystems). Topics include the interactions between ANTH 304 environ ment, human biology, and social Ritual, Power, and Ecstasy organiza tion and anthropological perspectives An introduction to classical and contemporary on global environ mental problems. 6 units. approaches to the interpretation of myth, ritual, Also listed as Environmental Studies 265 belief, and religious experience. Though the Prerequisite: one anthropology course or course reviews a wide variety of religious consent of instructor forms, special attention is paid to mystical and ecstatic experiences, spirit possession, and ANTH 312 altered states of consciousness. Additional focus Economy and Society on the relationships among religion, power, An examination, from a comparative and and social hierarchies. 6 units. historical perspective, of economic institutions Also listed as Religious Studies 340 and behavior in market and nonmarket Enrollment limit: 35 societies. The relationship among economy, Prerequisite: one course in either anthropology society, and culture is explored through several or religious studies different theoretical approaches. Topics include production, distribution, consumption, ANTH 306 peasantry, and development. 6 units. Women and Men in Enrollment limit: 35 Cross-Cultural Perspective Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent An anthropological approach to the study of of instructor gender, the sexual division of labor, marriage, and reproduction. Emphasis on biosocial and ANTH 320 comparative/historical perspectives that Archaeology of Gender emphasize universals and commonalities An examination of the relationship between across cultures as well as the uniqueness of gender and material culture. Focus on how male/female experience crossculturally. 6 units. gender and gender roles are reflected in the Also listed as gender Studies 350 archaeological record and on the problems in identifying and determining gender roles ANTH 308 in prehistory. Readings include studies from Emotion, Identity, and Culture both the old and New Worlds and modern Analysis of the ways that culture shapes the theoretical approaches. 6 units. emotional life and identity of the individual. Also listed as gender Studies 351 Attention to the development of a sense of self Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or 140 or in childhood experience, to life cycle changes consent of instructor and rites of passage, and to the expression of

34 ANTHRoPoLogy

ANTH 324 nationstates. The course focuses on clashes Archaeology of the Prehistoric Aegean over cultural practices as experienced and told A study of archaeological investigations in the by Latin Americans. 6 units. Aegean region — greece, Crete, the Cycladic Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or consent Islands, and western Turkey. Emphasis on the of instructor evidence of cultural development from Palaeolithic huntergatherers and Neolithic ANTH 354 farmers and herders through the development Anthropology of Mediterranean Europe of the Bronze Age “palace” civilizations of the An examination of popular culture in 19th Minoans and Mycenaeans. 6 units. and 20thcentury Europe, concentrating on Also listed as Classics 365 Spain, Italy, and greece. Topics include gender and familial relationships; social stratification; ANTH 330 religion, ritual, and belief; regional and ethnic Language and Culture identities; and relations between the city and An examination of language and other cultural the countryside. 6 units. sym bolic systems used to formulate and Prerequisite: Anthro pology 110 or 140 communi cate meanings. Attention to social factors in language use, including ethnicity, ANTH 358 social class, gender, and the nationstate. Some Ethnography of the Middle East and considera tion of the ways that language both North Africa reflects and influences people’s ways of thinking. Introduction to the diversity of social organi 6 units. zation and cultural practice in the Middle East Also listed as Linguistics 330 and North Africa. Focus on contemporary Arab Enrollment limit: 35 and Islamic societies and their ethnic and reli gious minorities. Topics include tribalism, Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or 140 colonialism, gender, religious practices, migra tion, and the politics of identity. 6 units. ANTH 350 Indians of North America Enrollment limit: 25 A cultural study of the Indians of North Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or consent America, including examination of the impact of instructor of European ideas and technology on Indian societies. Emphasis on environmental adapta ANTH 360 tions, levels of social and cultural complexity, Ethnography of India problems of historical interpretation, and the Introduces the complexity of Indian society methods and theories of ethnology and their and culture through the study of ethnographies applica tions to North American cultures. of religious life, kinship, social organization, and 6 units. economy in the colonial and postcolonial Enrollment limit: 25 periods. 6 units. Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 Enrollment limit: 35 Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or 140 ANTH 352 Ethnography of Latin America ANTH 362 An introduction to the ethnography of Mexico, Ethnography of Sub-Saharan Africa the Caribbean, and Central and South America. A comparative study of the societies and Special attention to constructions of ethnicity, cul tures of subSaharan Africa, with emphasis religion, gender, and nationalism and how on Africa as a place where local histories are these issues have shaped communities and tied to the global economy. Topics include

35 ANTHRoPoLogy history, literature, ecological adaptation, social ANTH 406 organization, and social change. 6 units. Sexualities Enrollment limit: 25 An examination of how sexual desire, practice, and identity vary both within and between Prerequisites: Anthropology 110 or History 120 societies around the world. Explores topics or History 125 or consent of instructor such as homosexuality, the sex industry, sexual violence, and AIDS in both Western and non ANTH 370 Western contexts. Attention to the relationships Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Gender between sexuality, race, class, and gender. 6 units. and Education An examination of how gender is defined or Also listed as gender Studies 550 determined (by biology alone?) and of the Enrollment limit: 20 effects of gender and cultural differences on Prerequisites: Anthropology 110 or 306 or how we learn, in both the informal contexts gender Studies 100 or consent of instructor and the formal institutions described in ethnographic literature. Attention to both ANTH 420 developmental and anthropological theories. Geoarchaeology opportunities for observation of both informal An exploration of depositional environments and formal learning situations. 6 units. and burial processes associated with archaeo Prerequisite: Sophomore standing and one logical sites. Interpretation of paleoenvironments course in anthropology or consent of instructor of buried soils and strata will be emphasized. 6 units. ANTH 374 Also listed as geology 230 Identity and Place: Diaspora Experience Prerequisites: geology 110 and Anthropology 140 in Comparative Perspective An exploration of similarities and differences ANTH 450 in diaspora experiences. Issues explored include Senegalese Culture the relationship between place and identity, A seminar that will take students to French memory and identity, notions of home and speaking West Africa for ten weeks. Study homeland, gender and class in diaspora abroad will include both the French and Wolof communities, and assimilation versus resistance. languages, Senegalese history and culture, and Emphasis is given to African or black diaspora African literature written in French. Varied communities. 6 units. excursions will help students to appreciate, discuss, and analyze cultural differences. 6 units. ANTH 376 Urban Communities of the United States Also listed as French 400 An exploration of the contemporary dynamics of the city in the United States using ethno ANTH 500 graphic accounts of particular urban communi Topics in Anthropology ties. Attention to the concept of community, An examination of a particular topic in contem the dynamics of urban space, the roles of porary anthropology. The specific topic investi ethni city and social class, and current policy gated changes each year. Students are expected issues. Students conduct research in the local to carry out independent research on the topic, area. 6 units. either through a review of relevant literature or through field or laboratory work. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 25 Enrollment limit: 10 Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or consent of instructor Prerequisites: Junior standing and at least two courses in anthropology

36 ANTHRoPoLogy

Topics for 200203: Enrollment limit: 15 Violence and Community in Guatemala Prerequisites: Junior standing and at least two A seminar on the effects of guatemala’s 30year other courses in the social sciences civil war on indigenous Mayan communities. Topics include ethnic identity, refugees, impact ANTH 506 on women, and international human rights Anthropology of Human Rights discourse. Draws on ethnographies as well as An examination of humanrights issues from survivor testimonials, films, and novels. an anthropological perspective. Attention is paid to cultural relativism, changing notions The Wandering Jew of culture and agency, and universalist models Investigation of the crosscultural manifestations of human rights. Issues such as female circum of Jewish cultural life, with special emphasis cision, abortion, child abuse, and indigenous on the religious dimensions of experience. rights are examined in larger global contexts Attention to the institutions and rituals of with specific consideration of the varying Jewish communities in relationship with the notions of personhood, childhood, and gender diverse societies in which they are situated. they invoke. 6 units. Themes include: textual foundations of Enrollment limit: 15 Judaism, doctrinal and popular ritual practices, the construction of Jewish identity, Jewish Prerequisites: Junior or senior standing and at displacement and diaspora. least two courses in the social sciences Also listed as Religious Studies 385 ANTH 508 Freaks, Deviants, and Stigmatized People: ANTH 502 Cultural Perspectives on Normality Ethnographic Writing An exploration of the concept of difference An examination of ethnographic writing as a as defined and used in various cultures. Cross disciplinary, social, and creative practice. Three cultural analysis of stigmatizing behavior, themes are considered: dominant practices including physical, social, and psychological in ethnographic writing (both current and definitions and discussion of how difference historical), genres and stylistic practices in eth helps to define a particular view of “normality,” nographic writing (e.g., journalism, travel writ thus reflecting specific assumptions about an ing, poetry, as well as formal anthropological individual’s relationship to society. 6 units. accounts), and the experience of ethnographic writing (in which students compose their own Enrollment limit: 15 ethnographies). 6 units. Prerequisites: Junior standing or consent Enrollment limit: 15 of instructor Prerequisites: Junior standing and at least two ANTH 510 courses in anthropology Contemporary Debates in Anthropology A consideration of current debates in anthro ANTH 504 pology on issues surrounding representation, Fictions of Africa ethics, research techniques, the nature of culture, An exploration of African culture and history and political positions. These issues are examined through literature. Issues to be explored in relation to previous anthropological theory include gender, family and lineage, colonialism, and current social scientific thought. 6 units. religion, ethnicity, modernization, and develop ment. Readings will consist mainly of English Enrollment limit: 15 language novels about Africa written by Prerequisites: Junior or senior standing and at African authors. 6 units. least two courses in the social sciences

37 ANTHRoPoLogy

ANTH 520 ANTH 190, 390, 590, 690 Topics in Archaeology Tutorial Studies in Anthropology An examination of a particular topic in Advanced study of selected topics. obtain contemporary archaeological research. The permission of instructor before registration. specific topic investigated changes each year. Variable credit. Students are expected to carry out independent Prerequisite: Junior or senior standing research on the topic, either through a review of relevant literature or through field or labo ANTH 195, 395, 595, 695 ratory work. 6 units. Internship in Anthropology Applied work in anthropology arranged and Topic for 2002-03: carried out under the direction of an instructor. This Land Is Our Land: Archaeology Variable credit. and Nationalism Prerequisite: Junior or senior standing An examination of the use or exploitation of archaeology (methods and material culture) ANTH 199, 399, 599, 699 to bolster nationalistic or ideological causes — Independent Study in Anthropology laying claim to a region, creating or proving Advanced research. Students considering connections with other peoples or lands, an honors project should register for this espousing certain ideologies, etc. Course will course, for one or more terms (see Honors at consider both past and current cases from graduation, page 303). obtain permission of throughout the world. advisor before registration. Variable credit. Enrollment limit: 10 Prerequisite: Junior or senior standing Prerequisites: Anthropology 220 and junior standing Recent tutorial topics in ANTH 600 anthropology Senior Research Seminar A capstone experience for students in anthro Myth, Symbolism, and Ritual pology. Students choose a question of interest Women of Africa and develop a research program to investigate Language Diversity and Language Policy in India it. Students are expected to build a model and Ecological Feminism develop hypotheses, based on appropriate theory, Archaeology in Cultural Resource for answering their question; select variables Management and operationalize them; design an appropriate Plagues datacollection strategy; and conduct a thorough literature search. Seminar meetings will be spent discussing, as a group, problems and issues raised by individual students’ projects, as well as issues currently under discussion by the field of anthropology as a whole. 6 units. Prerequisites: Anthropology 200, 210, and 220 and senior standing (nonanthropology majors must have instructor’s approval to register)

38 Art and Art History

Professor: Lawton2, 3 numbered 500 or above Associate professor: orr (chair) A grouping of works in the senior exhibition Assistant professor: Boylan 2. Three art history courses to include: Instructors: Case, Lewis, Lindemann, Art History 100 and 102 Roenning, Shimon one art history course with an emphasis Visiting assistant professor: Hauber on the 20th century: Art History 242, 340, 540, 541, 542, 550, or 554 An integral part of a liberal arts curriculum, the courses of the art and art history department encourage aesthetic awareness and appreciation Required for the by emphasizing the interdependence of art studio art minor making, art history, and other creative and intellectual fields. A major is offered in either 1. A minimum of six studio art courses to include: studio art or art history, and certification for Art 100 and 110 teaching K12 is available in conjunction with one course numbered 500 or above the studio art major. A student may complete Three additional courses a double major in studio art and art history 2. C average in the minor by fulfilling the requirements for each major. Students planning to major in studio art and/ or art history should take the introductory Certification for teaching K-12 courses required for the major (Art 100 and 110, Art History 100 and 102) in their freshman Studio art majors may enroll in a program for and sophomore years. Students may take a certification to teach art in grades K12. maximum of 126 units in the art department, Course requirements for certification, in provided that no more than 90 are in either addition to the studio art major, include: studio art or art history. Art 580 and 582; Education 180, 330, 350, 423, 550, and 650; and Philosophy 340. A declaration to student teach must be made by Studio Art the end of the sophomore year. Student teaching Art history requirements and courses, page 42 is always done in a 13th term. For other general regulations governing students seeking certifi cation to teach, see the education department, Required for the page 95. studio art major

1. A minimum of eight studio art courses Studio art courses to include: ART 100 Art 100 and 110 Introduction to Studio Art one twodimensional and one three An introduction to the basic elements of dimensional course at the 200 level drawing, design, and color theory through At least four courses numbered 300 or work in both two and three dimensions. above, of which at least one must be 6 units. 1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; Enrollment limit: 20 4on leave Terms I, II, III

39 ART AND ART HISToRy

ART 110 Enrollment limit: 10 Drawing Prerequisite: Art 100 An introduction to drawing and the various media used in drawing. Emphasis on composi ART 260 tion and analysis of forms. Principles explored Metals include the spatial relationship of elements, An introduction to various techniques in linear perspective, line, value, shape, and volume. nonferrous metalsmithing, including forming, 6 units. soldering, cold connections, and patination. Enrollment limit: 20 Discussions will focus on technical and conceptual developments. 6 units. ART 200 Enrollment limit: 10 Painting An introduction to acrylic painting as a means Prerequisite: Art 100 or 110 of visual expression. Topics include technical and formal principles of painting with an ART 270 emphasis on basic color theory, color mixing, Sculpture composition, and visual communication. 6 units. An introduction to the concepts and processes of sculpture, including work in clay, plaster Enrollment limit: 15 casting and carving, woodworking, assemblage, Prerequisite: Art 100 or 110 and found object. Discussions will focus on contemporary sculpture and technical and ART 220 conceptual development. 6 units. Printmaking: Relief and Intaglio Enrollment limit: 15 An introduction to relief and intaglio techniques in printmaking. Techniques include woodcut, Prerequisite: Art 100 or 110 linoleum cut, dry point, line etching, ground etching, and aquatint. 6 units. ART 300 Intermediate Painting Enrollment limit: 15 A continuation of Art 200, exploring more Prerequisite: Art 100 or 110 complex principles of visual expression. Emphasis on painting techniques, observation ART 230 from life, pictorial structure, and formal and Photography theoretical interactions with content. 6 units. An introduction to 35mm black and white Enrollment limit: 10 photography. Instruction in developing and printing and lectures and discussions on the Prerequisite: Art 200 history and aesthetics of photography. 6 units. ART 310 Enrollment limit: 10 Figure Drawing Prerequisites: Art 100 and one 200level studio An introduction to figure drawing and continued art course study of principles introduced in Art 110. Emphasis on major factors and concepts in ART 250 figure drawing, working from live models. Ceramics Exploration of different drawing media and of An introduction to basic techniques in hand the structural, anatomical, and expressive factors building, surface development, and glazing for of figure drawing. 6 units. sculptural ceramic forms. Slide lectures treat Enrollment limit: 20 historical and contemporary approaches to expressive work in the ceramic medium. Prerequisite: Art 100 or 110 6 units.

40 ART AND ART HISToRy

ART 320 smithing, contemporary issues, technical prog Intermediate Printmaking ress, and conceptual exploration. 6 units. A continuation of Art 220, exploring traditional Enrollment limit: 6 and contemporary approaches to intaglio and relief printing. Emphasis on technical and formal Prerequisite: Art 260 issues as well as printmaking as a form of visual expression. 6 units. ART 370 Intermediate Sculpture Enrollment limit: 10 A further development of concepts introduced Prerequisite: Art 220 in Art 270 and an introduction to steelworking processes. 6 units. ART 330 Enrollment limit: 10 Seminar in Photography A seminar on photography and its use as a Prerequisite: Art 270 medium of expression in contemporary art. Black and white and alternative photo processes ART 500 will be addressed at the intermediate level. Advanced Painting Previous experience in black and white photo A continuation of Art 300. Advanced research processes is expected. Lectures and discussions into the technical, formal, and theoretical bases will examine the theoretical underpinning of of opaque painting media. 6 units. contemporary photography. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 5 Enrollment limit: 10 Prerequisite: Art 300 Prerequisite: Art 230 ART 520 ART 340 Advanced Printmaking Beginning Digital Processes Advanced research into multiple printmaking An introduction to computerassisted art, techniques, with exploration of formal, hardware, and software and an examination of theoretical, and technical issues related to their applicability to understanding art concepts printmaking as an expressive art form. 6 units. and processes. Emphasis on elements and Enrollment limit: 5 principles of design and computer applications Prerequisite: Art 320 with fine arts emphasis. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 10 ART 540 Prerequisites: Art 100, 110, and 200 Advanced Digital Processes A continuation of Art 340. Students will ART 350 explore more advanced digital processes and Intermediate Ceramics concepts as they relate to the field and to A continuation of handbuilding techniques, contemporary art. 6 units. glaze formulation, and an expanded survey Prerequisite: Art 340 of ceramics as a form of contemporary visual expression. 6 units. ART 550 Enrollment limit: 10 Advanced Ceramics A continuation of Art 350. Students expand Prerequisites: Art 100 and 250 their technical skills and knowledge of ceramics and address issues in contemporary ceramic ART 360 criticism. 6 units. Intermediate Metals A continuation of Art 260 with an emphasis Enrollment limit: 5 on metal forming and hollow construction. Prerequisites: Art 350 and consent of instructor Discussions will focus around historical metal 41 ART AND ART HISToRy

ART 560 Art education courses Advanced Metals Certification for teaching K12, page 39 A continuation of Art 360. Students will explore alternative materials and concepts as they relate ART 580 to the field and to contemporary art. 6 units. Art in the Elementary School Enrollment limit: 4 Art class observations, studio practice in both Prerequisite: Art 360 two and threedimensional disciplines, studio demonstrations/lectures, and selected readings ART 570 and discussions relative to the visual expression Advanced Sculpture of the primary and intermediate elementary An opportunity to advance skills developed school child. 6 units. in Art 270 and 370. Particular attention to Prerequisites: Four studio art courses, Education contemporary, nontraditional forms of sculpture. 180 and 330, and two art history courses 6 units. Enrollment limit: 5 ART 582 Art in the Secondary School Prerequisites: Art 370 and consent of instructor Art class observations, studio practice in both two and threedimensional disciplines, studio ART 190, 390, 590, 690 demonstrations/lectures, and selected readings Tutorial in Studio Art and discussions relative to the visual expression offered for intermediate and advanced study of the junior and senior high school student. in studio art. Apply to the instructor at least 6 units. one term in advance with a written proposal and a preliminary bibliography. Variable credit. Prerequisites: Four studio art courses, Education 180 and 330, and two art history courses Prerequisites: The most advanced course offered in the medium in question and consent of instructor Art history ART 199, 399, 599, 699 Studio art requirements and courses, page 39 Independent Study in Studio Art Advanced studio art for students preparing for Required for the the senior exhibition or doing honors projects (see Honors at graduation, page 294). Variable art history major credit. 1. A minimum of ten art history courses Prerequisites: The most advanced course to include: offered in the medium in question and Art History 100 and 102 consent of instructor. one 200 or 300level course in each of the following periods: Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque, and Modern Recent tutorial topics one seminar numbered 500 or above in studio art 2. Two studio art courses to include: Art 100 Advanced Painting one course at the 200 level or above Advanced Printmaking Advanced Sculpture Advanced Ceramics

42 ART AND ART HISToRy

Required for the and architecture within their historical and art history minor cultural context. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 40 1. A minimum of six art history courses to include: Art History 100 and 102 ARHI 200 Three courses at the 200 or 300 level to Archaic and Classical Greek Art be taken from at least two of the following A study of greek art and architecture to the periods: Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance end of the fourth century B.C. Topics include and Baroque, and Modern the great sanctuaries at olympia, Delphi, and one course numbered 500 or above Athens; the development of mythological narra 2. C average in the minor tive in sculpture and vase painting; the political and propagandistic function of greek art; and the beginning of portraiture. 6 units. Recommendations Also listed as Classics 340 Prerequisite: Art History 100 or sophomore Art history majors are urged to coordinate standing with their studies participation in one of Lawrence’s international offcampus programs ARHI 202 or the program at the Newberry Library in From Alexander to Kleopatra: Art of the Chicago. Studio art majors are also encouraged Hellenistic Age to plan their studies to allow for participation A study of greek and greekinfluenced art in the international programs or in the from the time of Alexander the great to the Chicago Semester in the Arts (see offCampus Roman conquest of Egypt in 31 B.C. Topics Programs, page 277). include portraiture and the royal iconography Art history majors, particularly those con of the Hellenistic rulers, the development of sidering graduate studies, are strongly encour regional styles in sculpture, and the influence aged to begin the study of german and/ of the Romans as patrons. 6 units. or French in the freshman or sophomore year. Also listed as Classics 345 Prerequisite: Art History 100 or sophomore Art history courses standing

ARHI 100 ARHI 204 Survey of Western Art I Roman Art An introductory survey of the art and architecture A study of the art and architecture of the of the ancient Near East and of Europe from Etruscans and the Romans to the end of the the Prehistoric through the gothic periods Roman empire. Topics include the funerary and an introduction to methods of viewing art arts of the Etruscans, the art and archaeology in its historical and cultural context. 6 units. of Pompeii and Herculaneum, developments Enrollment limit: 40 in imperial portraiture and historical relief, technological innovations in architecture, ARHI 102 and the beginnings of Christian art. 6 units. Survey of Western Art II Also listed as Classics 350 An introductory survey of the art and Prerequisite: Art History 100 or sophomore architecture of Europe and North America standing from the Renaissance to the Modern era. Particular emphasis on viewing works of art ARHI 210

43 ART AND ART HISToRy

Early Medieval Art and Architecture A study of the art and architecture of western A survey of art and architecture in Europe and Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries. the eastern Mediterranean between the fourth 6 units. and ninth centuries. Topics include Imperial Prerequisite: Art History 102 or sophomore sponsored Christian art, the development of standing Byzantine art and architecture, the Celtic artistic tradition of northern Europe, and the flowering ARHI 240 of art under the Carolingian emperors. 6 units. Art of the 19th Century Prerequisite: Art History 100 or sophomore A study of the development of 19thcentury standing European art that traces the emergence of art movements such as Neoclassicism, Romanticism, ARHI 212 Impressionism, PostImpressionism, and Later Medieval Art and Architecture Symbolism. Readings and class discussion on A survey of art and architecture in western issues of aesthetics, politics, and cultural mores Europe during the Romanesque and gothic and their impact upon the development of art. periods. Topics include the art of the Pilgrimage 6 units. Roads, the role of the monastic orders, regional Prerequisite: Art History 102 styles, the birth of the gothic style under the patronage of Abbot Suger, and the High gothic ARHI 242 cathedral. 6 units. Art of the 20th Century Prerequisite: Art History 100 or sophomore A study of European and American art produced standing between 1900 and 1970. Special attention to how and why art is interpreted and reinter ARHI 220 preted, how it is used as a tool for historical Art of the Italian Renaissance analysis, and how political, social, and other A study of the art and architecture of Italy from cultural issues affect the meaning and significance the late 13th century until the middle of the of art. 6 units. 16th century. Topics include patronage and Enrollment limit: 35 the art market, the revival and influence of the antique, theories of perspective and design, Prerequisite: Art History 100 or 102 and changes in the status of the artist. 6 units. ARHI 244 Prerequisite: Art History 102 or sophomore American Art standing An examination of American art, 17761920. This class considers the growth of landscape, ARHI 222 genre, and history painting, as well as portraiture, Northern Renaissance Art in the context of changing ideas about nation A study of the art of northern Europe during alism, class, race, and gender. Architecture and the 15th and 16th centuries. Issues addressed sculpture are also discussed in terms of how include changing attitudes toward naturalism, visual culture shaped early ideas about nation the development of portraiture, the impact of hood. 6 units. the new media of oil painting and printmaking, and the evolution of landscape painting. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 35 Prerequisite: Art History 102 or sophomore Prerequisite: Art History 102 standing ARHI 300 ARHI 230 The Art and History of Ancient Coinage Baroque Art

44 ART AND ART HISToRy

An introduction to the study of ancient coinage. within mass media, consumer exchange, Using the university’s ottilia Buerger Collection urbanism, and issues of race and gender. 6 units. of Ancient and Byzantine Coins, this course will Enrollment limit: 35 explore the history of ancient and Byzantine coinage and investigate the importance of coins Prerequisite: Art History 100 or 102 as works of art and as historical and archaeo logical sources. 6 units. ARHI 500 Exhibition Seminar Also listed as Classics 360 A seminar that examines a particular topic in Enrollment limit: 15 preparation for mounting an exhibition in the Prerequisite: Art History 100 or consent of Wriston Art Center galleries. The seminar instructor; Art History 200 or 202 or 204 combines lectures, reports, and discussions with recommended. instruction and firsthand experience in the preparation of the exhibition and its accompa ARHI 302 nying literature. The specific topic of theseminar Women in Classical Antiquity changes each time the course is offered. 6 units. A course that examines the roles of women in Enrollment limit: 15 ancient greek, Hellenistic, and Roman societies, Prerequisite: Consent of instructor using historical, literary, art historical, and archaeological sources. Topics will include these ARHI 510 cultures’ constructions of gender and the ways Seminar: Gothic Art and Architecture in which they affected the relationship of A seminar on the development of the gothic women (and men) to social, religious, political, cathedral in France. Topics include the origins economic, and legal institutions. 6 units. of the gothic architectural style, medieval Also listed as Classics 355 and gender Studies 215 building techniques and structural systems, Enrollment limit: 15 the evolution of the High gothic cathedral, and the architectural setting for sculpture and Prerequisite: Sophomore standing stained glass. 6 units. ARHI 310 Enrollment limit: 15 The Illuminated Book Prerequisite: Art History 210, 212 or consent A study of the development of the decorated, of instructor handmade book in western Europe from its earliest beginnings until the invention of print ARHI 540 ing. Topics include techniques of writing and Seminar: Art of the 1920s illuminating, decorative programs of different A seminar examining art produced in Europe types of books, Medieval and Renaissance cal and America during the 1920s. Surrealism, ligraphy, changing relationships between text Dada, Expressionism, Regionalism, and Neue and image, and the role of the patron. 6 units. Sachlichkeit will be some of the movements Prerequisite: Art History 100 or consent of considered in class. Students may use instructor; Art History 210 or 212 recommended Expressionist works in the university’s La Vera Pohl Collection as primary resources for their ARHI 340 research projects. 6 units. History of Photography Enrollment limit: 15 An exploration of photography within 19th Prerequisite: one intermediatelevel art and 20th century society and culture. Topics history course include the strained relationship between ARHI 541 photography and other forms of art, historical Seminar: Impressionism attempts to legitimize the aesthetic qualities This seminar focuses on the style and social of the photograph, and photography’s currency 45 ART AND ART HISToRy commentary of French Impressionist paintings ganda from antiquity to the present. The seminar and sculpture. Topics include urbanization, will concentrate on a series of case studies in gender representation, and evolving ideas which art serves as a vehicle for statesponsored about modernity. This class will also question political, social, and religious propaganda. Topics the contemporary popularity of Impressionism to be considered will include the Imperial image, and ask what that popularity means about the Reformation and CounterReformation print needs of current art audiences. 6 units. propaganda, the form and function of the war Enrollment limit: 15 memorial, and the politics of classical revival. 6 units. Prerequisite: one 200 or 300level art history course Enrollment limit: 15 Prerequisite: one 200 or 300level ARHI 542 art history course Seminar: Exploring the City A seminar focusing on the city and how the ARHI 554 modern artist conceptualized, documented, Seminar: Drawn to Nature: Art and interpreted urban spaces. 19thcentury and Landscape Paris and 20thcentury Berlin, Dresden, A seminar that examines how artists from Frankfurt, New york City, and Los Angeles will antiquity to the present have approached and be considered. Students will have the opportu interpreted landscape. Students will consider nity to use works in Lawrence’s several historical case studies, including the permanent collection as primary resources debate over when and why artists first turned for oral and written projects. 6 units. to nature studies and how landscape painting Enrollment limit: 15 and photographs articulate cultural notions of wilderness, pastorale, and the frontier. The Prerequisite: one 200 or 300level art seminar will also examine how contemporary history course artists have used landscape as a site for environmental awareness and activism. 6 units. ARHI 550 Seminar: Portraiture Enrollment limit: 15 A seminar exploring various definitions of Prerequisite: one 200 or 300level portraiture, surveying the history of portraiture art history course from antiquity to the present. Student reports and papers focus on such topics as the ruler ARHI 580 portrait, the selfportrait, the group portrait, Internship in Art Museum Practice photography and portraiture, and portraiture Applied work in all aspects of art museum and modernism. 6 units. practice. Students will receive practical training, Enrollment limit: 15 handson experience, and periodic lectures on the role of art museums and issues relating to Prerequisite: one 200 or 300level art museum governance, promotion, and education. history course Assessment will be based on weekly project performance, an endofterm collaborative ARHI 552 exhibition, and a short paper. 6 units. Seminar: Art and Propaganda A seminar examining the use of art as propa Prerequisite: Junior standing as an art history, studio art, or anthropology major, Art History 100 or 102 and at least one 200 or 300level art history course, and consent of instructor

ARHI 190, 390, 590, 690 Tutorial Studies in Art History Tutorials for advanced students in art history. 46 ART AND ART HISToRy

Apply to the instructor at least one term in advance with a written proposal and a prelimi Hellenistic Royal Portraiture nary bibliography. Variable credit. Women in Classical Athens Prerequisites: Art History 100 or 102 and the The Medieval Architecture of Cistercian intermediatelevel course in the area to be Nunneries studied Medieval and Renaissance Alchemical Illustrations ARHI 199, 399, 599, 699 Marian Iconography Independent Study in Art History The Nuremberg Chronicle Advanced study for students doing honors The Harlem Renaissance projects in art history (see Honors at graduation, page 303). Variable credit. Prerequisites: Art History 100 or 102, the 200 or 300level course in the area to be studied, and consent of instructor

Recent tutorial topics in art history

47 Biology

Professors: Maravolo, Perreault, Rence universities. Many students culminate their Associate professors: B. De Stasio (chair), work in biology with significant original E. De Stasio, Wall research. In recent years, several papers with Assistant professor: Sedlock students and faculty as coauthors have been published in professional journals. Topics have Students come to Lawrence with varied interests included aquatic food chain energetics, physi in the life sciences. A premedical or predental ology of aging, age effects on insect reproduc student may want preparation an oceanographer tion, and developmental changes during chick or forester does not need. A botanist is more development. excited about some experimen tal techniques Students who have strong secondary than is a zoologist. Ecologists look at problems interests in chemistry, geology, or physics may that a molecular biologist or a neurobiologist construct majors involving biology and one would find less appealing.o ne individual may of the other three natural sciences, using the wish to be specialized, another to be a generalist inter disciplinary major in the natural sciences with a broader background. To accom modate (see page 180). this heterogeneity, the biology department has A Health Careers Advisory Committee designed its program to provide as much flexi consisting of several faculty members assists bility as possible. undergraduates in planning individualized pro Philosophically, the department encourages grams of study; in placing themselves with local an openended, original, experimental approach health professionals for practical experience; to life science. Beyond the introductory and in gaining entrance to medical, dental, and sequences in biology and chemistry, there is no other healthprofession schools. prescribed program for students. This approach Students who wish to extend their class begins in Biology 110: Principles of Biology, in room experiences offcampus may take advantage which all department faculty members partici of the Marine Biology Term, sponsored by pate. Students design, conduct, and interpret Lawrence, or one of several programs of the their own projects and present their results at Associated Colleges of the Midwest (ACM), a mock professional meeting at the end of the including a tropical ecology program in Costa term. Rica, and programs at the oak Ridge National Experimental work becomes progressively Laboratory, Woods Hole Laboratory, and more sophisticated and creative in advanced Biosphere 2 (see offCampus Programs, page courses. All courses are designed to develop 277). students’ insights and capacity to synthesize information through lectures, discussions, read ings, field trips, and seminars in those areas Required for the most closely related to the competence of the biology major faculty. Most courses feature intensive labora tory instruction where students use advanced research 1. Biology 110, 120, and 140 equipment and computer facilities to explore 2. Chemistry 115 and 116* or 119 modern biological concepts. 3. At least eight term courses in biology All biology faculty members conduct active numbered 200 or above, of which at least research programs and have employed students five must be laboratory courses during the summer as assistants. Recent advances 4. Participation in three terms of the Recent in biological research are presented in a series Advances in Biology lecture series during of talks by faculty and by scientists from other the senior year

48 BIoLogy

Required for the human biological complexity and consideration of current research and its impact on the biology minor individual and on society. 6 units. 1. Biology 110, 120, and 140 Also listed as gender Studies 180 2. At least four term courses in biology Lecture only numbered 200 or above, of which at least Primarily for nonscience majors; credit not two must be laboratory courses. applicable to the biology major 3. C average in the minor Offered in 2003-04 Required for the inter- BIOL 103 Biotechnology and Society disciplinary major in the An examination of basic biological principles natural sciences in biology underlying current biotechnology in the fields and a secondary discipline of human genetics and genetic engineering. Discussion of methods of basic scientific research, 1. Biology 110 and 120 or Biology 110 and 140 the impact of technology on society, and ethical 2. Physics 150 and 160 or, with the permission problems in human and agricultural genetics. of the secondary department, Physics 120 Credit not applicable to biology major. 6 units. and 130 Not offered in 2002-03 3. Either a. Chemistry 115 and 116 or Chemistry BIOL 110 119 or equivalent* or Principles of Biology b. geology 110 (any section) and geology An introduction to the unified science of life. 210, chosen to include the secondary Emphasis on the experimental approach, to discipline show the inter relationships of living things 4. At least ten term courses in the natural by examining their metabolism, growth and sciences (biology, chemistry, geology, and develop ment, genetics, behavior, ecology, and physics) numbered 200 or above, with at evolution. 6 units. least five in biology (of which at least three Enrollment limit: 24 per laboratory section must be laboratory courses), and at least three in the secondary discipline in other BIOL 120 departments Introductory Botany 5. Participation in three terms of the Recent An introduction to the development, physiology, Advances in Biology lecture series during and evolution of plants, drawing illustrations the senior year from organisms throughout the taxon. 6 units. * Under unusual circumstances students may petition Enrollment limit: 24 per laboratory section the department for modification of this requirement. Prerequisite: Biology 110

Courses BIOL 140 General Zoology BIOL 100 An introduction to the biology of animals, The Biology of Human Reproduction including studies of the phylogeny, morphology, An introductory lecture course focusing on physiology, development, behavior, and ecology human reproduction to demonstrate some of representatives of the major phyla. 6 units. basic biological principles. Discussion of Enrollment limit: 24 per laboratory section aspects of molecular, cellular, and organismic Prerequisite: Biology 110 phenomena related to the development of 49 BIoLogy

BIOL 200 human activities, in determining the structure Animal Behavior and function of populations, communities, A lecture and fieldstudy course examining the and ecosystems. Topics will include resource prin ciples and problems of animal behavior. availability, competition, predation, symbiosis, Subjects include orientation, feeding, locomotion, and natural and anthropogenic disturbances communi ca tion, escape in time and space, such as disease, biological invasions, pollution, biological rhythms, mate choice, and aspects of and climate change. 6 units. social behavior, examined from evolu tionary, Also listed as Environmental Studies 220 ontogenetic, physiological, ecological, and etho logical perspectives. 6 units. Two lectures and one discussion session per week Also listed as Environmental Studies 210 Enrollment limit: 30 Prerequisite: Biology 140 Prerequisites: Biology 110 and one other course in the natural sciences May be taken separately or as part of the Marine Biology Term BIOL 231 Physiological Ecology BIOL 210 Biological stresses induced by environmental Biodiversity variables are described. Physiological and The influence of climate on global habitats molecular responses associated with temperature is considered. Selected terrestrial life zones, extremes, drought, and nutrient and energy including neotropic, paleotropic, montane, des competition are discussed and investigated, ert, cold temperate, and warm temperate, are using both field and laboratory experience. analyzed and stresses produced by climate and 6 units. habitat evaluated. Adaptive responses at the morphological and physiological levels are Also listed as Environmental Studies 212 investigated and scientific principles are applied Enrollment limit: 24 to contemporary ethical issues including resto Prerequisite: Biology 110 ration and conservation ecology. 6 units. Also listed as Environmental Studies 211 BIOL 235 Lecture only Evolutionary Biology A study of biological evolution, including Enrollment limit: 24 natural selection, adaptation, the evolution of sex, speciation, extinction, and constraints on BIOL 220 evolutionary change. Readings include classic Invertebrate Zoology and current literature. 6 units. A comprehensive introduction to 95 percent of the million or so animal species, those Also listed as Environmental Studies 213 without backbones. Emphasis on the evolution, Two lectures and one discussion per week behavior, and ecology of the major phyla and Enrollment limit: 14 per section the role of invertebrates in contemporary Prerequisite: Biology 120 or 140 or consent research programs. 6 units. of instructor. Prerequisite: Biology 140 BIOL 237 BIOL 230 General Endocrinology General Ecology An examination of the endocrine system, a An introduction to the interactions between major regulator of an animal’s development, organisms and the environment. Lectures and physiology, and behavior. Attention to both discussions will explore the role of physical, classic techniques and recent developments chemical, and biotic processes, including involving hormones and other chemical

5050 BIoLogy media tors such as neurohor mones, neurotrans the Earth’s biological diversity. Topics include mittors, pheromones, and chemical inductors. 6 patterns of species and ecosystem diversity, the units. relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem Lecture only functioning, causes of extinction, assessing extinction risk, behavioral indicators, in-situ and Prerequisite: Biology 140 ex-situ management strategies for endangered species, and ecosystem restoration. 6 units. BIOL 240 Morphogenesis of the Vertebrates Also listed as Environmental Studies 245 A modified “programmed selfinstruction” Enrollment limit: 24 course pro viding the materials and guidance Prerequisites: Biology 110 and one other necessary to gain an integrated concept of course in the natural sciences ontogenetic and evolutionary organogenesis. 6 units. BIOL 250 Lecture and laboratory The Vegetation of Wisconsin Enrollment limit: 24 The principles of plantenvironment interrela tionships are developed through extensive field Prerequisite: Biology 140 study of Wisconsin vegetation. Emphasis is placed on the manner in which physical and BIOL 241 biological factors influence competition, Cell Physiology adaptation, and structure in major local habitats. The structure and organization of the eukaryotic 6 units. cell are described and employed to understand functional interrelationships at the organelle Also listed as Environmental Studies 214 and molecular levels. Major processes considered Enrollment limit: 24 include external environmental control mecha nisms, developmental events, the regulation BIOL 270 of energy exchange, and membrane function. Principles of Biochemistry 6 units. A course designed principally for students who Lecture only do not intend to pursue careers in the molecular sciences (molecular biology, moleculargenetics, Enrollment limit: 24 developmental biology, biochemistry, or chem Prerequisite: Biology 110 istry) but who, nevertheless, are curious about the chemistry and chemical principles that BIOL 242 underlie fundamental biological processes. Comparative Physiology Emphasis is on the structure and reactivity A comparative study of the variety of solutions of biomolecules, from simple metabolites to and adaptations diverse animals can make to complex enzymes. Energy production, biosyn similar problems — obtaining and transporting thesis, and the regulation of metabolism are oxygen, maintaining water and salt balance, considered in some detail. Studentselected utilizing food, movement, and nervous and topics on health, nutrition, drugs, and disease hormonal integration. 6 units. will be examined during the last week of the Enrollment: 12 per laboratory section class. Students may not receive credit for both Prerequisite: Biology 140 this course and Chemistry 340/Biology 444. 6 units. BIOL 245 Also listed as Chemistry 240 Conservation Biology Lecture only This course explores the scientific concepts Prerequisites: Biology 110 and Chemistry 116 related to the conservation and restoration of BIOL 326 51 BIoLogy

Microbiology lation size, community structure, plantanimal A study of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae, interactions, and foraging behavior. 6 units. with particular emphasis on their physiology Also listed as Environmental Studies 345 and the adaptations that allow them to exploit certain environments. Laboratory exercises Enrollment limit: 20 develop skills in identification and safe handling Prerequisites: Biology 120 or 140 and of microorganisms. 6 units. Mathematics 117 or concurrent enrollment Enrollment limit: 24 BIOL 351 Prerequisites: Biology 110 and Chemistry 116 Genetics or concurrent enrollment A lecture and laboratory study relating the principles of inheritance to modern concepts BIOL 330 of the structure and chem istry of chromosomes Aquatic Ecology and the molecular biology of the gene. 6 units. The principles of the ecology of fresh waters, developed through discussions, laboratory, and Prerequisite: Sophomore standing, Biology 120 field investigations of the functional relationships or 140, and Chemistry 115 or concurrent and productivity of biotic communities as they enrollment are affected by the dynamics of physical, chemical, and biotic parameters. 6 units. BIOL 354 Molecular Biology Also listed as Environmental Studies 310 An interdisciplinary examination of regulatory Enrollment limit: 24 mechanisms leading to differential gene Prerequisite: Biology 120 or 140 expres sion. Main topics include transcription, translation, gene and protein structure. Further BIOL 340 exami na tion of the molecular basis of disease, Topics in Neuroscience in cluding cancer, as well as the mechanisms A study of the nervous system from the by which viruses exploit a cell’s molecular perspectives of psychology and biology. Topics machinery. Laboratory work is experimental vary year to year and may include neuronal in approach. 6 units. integration, neural development, and chemical Enrollment limit: 20 per laboratory section aspects of psychoses. 6 units. Prerequisites: Sophomore standing, Biology 110, Also listed as Psychology 580 and Chemistry 115 Prerequisites: Chemistry 116 or 119 and either Biology 140 and one course in psychology, or BIOL 434 Psychology 360 and one course in biology, or Ecological Energetics consent of instructor. Field and laboratory experimental investigations of the transfer and transformation of energy May be repeated with consent of instructor or energycontaining materials between and within organisms and populations of aquatic BIOL 345 ecosystems. Part of the Marine Biology Term Terrestrial Field Ecology 6 units. A handson course intended to demonstrate basic ecological principles using local terrestrial Also listed as Environmental Studies 410 ecosystems. Field research projects will introduce Prerequisites: Biology 330, concurrent students to methods in hypothesis development, enrollment in Biology 505 and 200, and experimental design, data collection, statistical consent of instructor analysis, and scientific writing and presentation. Research topics will include estimating popu BIOL 444

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Biochemistry Biology Seminar A study of biological processes at the molecular Seminars and readings designed to provide a level. The course focuses principally on proteins better understanding of historical and modern — the workhorses of living systems — partic aspects of biological problems. ularly their structure, function, and regulation as these relate to enzyme catalysis. A second BIOL 505 focus is on biochemical transformations, the Coral Reef Environments mechanisms whereby living systems transform Examines the ecology of coral reef simple chemicals into complex structures. environments. Lecture, laboratory, and 6 units. field components. one afternoonlong laboratory per week Part of the Marine Biology Term. 6 units. Also listed as Chemistry 340; students may Also listed as Environmental Studies 510 not receive credit for both this course and Prerequisites: Concurrent enrollment in Chemistry 240/Biology 270 Biology 200 and 434 and consent of instructor Prerequisite: Chemistry 252, concurrent enrollment, or consent of instructor BIOL 510 Modern Concepts of Embryogenesis BIOL 453 A broadbased study of recent advances in the Developmental Biology field of developmental biology. Critical review An experimental approach to animal develop of current literature on genetic, molecular, and ment with laboratory and lecture emphasis on functional studies elucidating the underlying the molecular and cellular level. Includes mechanisms of embryogenesis. 6 units. discussions of pattern formation, differentiation, Prerequisites: Biology 241, 444, 351, or 354 cell interactions, gameto genesis, fertili zation, and early embryogenesis. 6 units. BIOL 190, 390, 590, 690 Prerequisites: Biology 140; concurrent enrollment Tutorial Studies in Biology in or completion of one of the following: Individual investigations of problems in biology. Biology 241, 444 (or Chemistry 340), 351, or 354 Variable credit. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor BIOL 455 Advanced Biochemistry BIOL 199, 399, 599, 699 An advanced course covering key areas of Independent Study in Biology contemporary biochemistry. Topics include Individual, indepth investigation of a specific enzyme kinetics and the use of isotopes to biological problem. Students contemplating an establish enzyme mechanisms; protein structure, honors project should register for this course function, and folding; protein engineering; and (see Honors at gradua tion, page 303). Two or recent advances in biochemical medicine. The more terms may be taken. Variable credit. course is divided between lecture and discussion, Prerequisites: Senior standing and consent of relying heavily on current biochemical literature. instructor. 6 units. No laboratory Also listed as Chemistry 440 Prerequisite: Chemistry 340, or Chemistry 240 and consent of instructor

BIOL 500

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Recent advances in biology Recent tutorial topics lecture series in biology

A multidisciplinary lecture series on modern Wolf Biology biological theory and research. Biology faculty Human Anatomy members and visiting scientists in biological Biostatistics and allied fields present biweekly seminars Plant Identification relating their research to the broader aspects Current Cancer Research of their disciplines. The topics discussed within Human genetics any academic year provide a compre hen sive Tropical Ecology exposure to the current frontiers of biological Marine Mammal Ecology research. Participation for three terms required Electron Microscopy of all senior majors. Virology

54 Biomedical Ethics

Faculty advisors: BoleynFitzgerald (philosophy), Courses that fulfill E. De Stasio (biology), Finkler (economics) Medical advisors: Clark H. Boren, M.D., requirement number 2 Lee Vogel, M.D., and David Hathaway, M.D. Anthropology 210: Research Methods in Cultural Anthropology The interdisciplinary area in biomedical ethics Biology 351: Genetics is designed to coordinate a student’s background Biology 354: Molecular Biology and interests in biomedical ethics, health care Biology 453: Developmental Biology public policy, and the biological sciences with Economics 270: Public Sector Economics: Taxation a variety of more specialized approaches to the Economics 275: Public Sector Economics: study and application of relevant principles, Expenditures insights, and understandings gleaned from those Economics 290: The Economics of Medical Care backgrounds and interests. This interdisciplinary Economics 400: Industrial Organization area has been designed to appeal to Lawrence Economics 440: Public Expenditure students planning further work in medicine, government 380: Introduction to Public Policy nursing, genetic counseling, public health, and government 465: Environmental Policy, Politics, other areas of study in or related to health care. and Justice government 495: Health Policy Required for the interdisci- Philosophy 320: Ethics: Obligations, Rights, and Social Conventions plinary area in biomedical Philosophy 360: Environmental Ethics ethics Philosophy 430: Philosophy of Law Psychology 245: Health Psychology 1. Completion of the following core courses: Psychology 250: Psychopathology a. Biomedical Ethics 120/Philosophy 120: Psychology 280 or 281: Research Methods Applied Ethics: Introduction to Biomedical I and II (only one term may count) Ethics Psychology 450: Clinical Psychology b. Economics 290: The Economics of Medical Biomedical Ethics 190, 390, 590, 690: Care or Government 495: Health Tutorial Studies in Bioethics Policy Biomedical Ethics 199, 399, 599, 699: c. Biology 110: Principles of Biology or Independent Study in Bioethics Biology 103: Biotechnology and Society d. Biomedical Ethics 370/Philosophy 370: Advanced Studies in Bioethics Core courses 2. 24 additional units (but no more than 12 from any one department) from the courses BIET 120 listed below Applied Ethics: Introduction to 3. The completion of an approved independent Biomedical Ethics study project on some aspect of biomedical The course will examine moral dilemmas ethics or health policy created or intensified by recent advances in Independent study projects must be approved medical technology and study ways of analyzing by the advisory committee. Possible contexts those dilemmas to make them more tractable. for projects include a Mielke, Kasel, or Hughes We will focus on examples such as euthanasia internship, a tutorial, an independent study and the right to die, abortion, behavior modi course, or a health carerelated project in fication, allocation of scarce medical resources, conjunction with an offcampus program. 55 BIoMEDICAL ETHICS in vitro fertilization, genetic screening and Health Policy engineering, and human experimentation. A seminar addressing present and prospective 6 units. health care policy in the United States. Also listed as Philosophy 120 Emphasis on various contemporary health care problems, including high and rising costs, Enrollment limit: 35 differences in access to medical service, and Recommended for freshmen and sophomores tradeoffs between cost and quality. Specific topics include Medicare, Medicaid, medical BIET 245 malprac tice, profit versus notonlyforprofit Health Psychology producers of care, and alternative delivery This seminar will explore the link between systems. 6 units. mind and body from various psychological Also listed as government 495 perspectives such as social, clinical, and psycho biological. We will survey the role of stress, Enroll ment limit: 20 emotion, selfregulation, and individual differ Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent ences as predictors of health and illness. We of instructor also will examine assessment, diagnostic, treat ment, and ethical issues in pyschophysiological BIET 190, 390, 590, 690 disorders. 6 units. Tutorial Studies in Bioethics Also listed as Psychology 245 Variable credit. Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore BIET 199, 399, 599, 699 standing Independent Study in Bioethics Variable credit. BIET 290 The Economics of Medical Care BIOL 103 An analysis of how the economic organization Biotechnology and Society of medical care affects the health and wellbeing An examination of basic biological principles of the population. Topics include who is treated, underlying current biotechnology in the fields how much the treatment costs, and who pays of human genetics and genetic engineering. the bill. Particular emphasis given to the roles Discussion of methods of basic scientific of insurance and various national health policies research, the impact of technology on society, and reform proposals. 6 units (1 credit). and ethical problems in human genetics. Also listed as Economics 290 6 units. Prerequisite: Economics 100 or 120 Credit not applicable to biology major

BIET 370 BIOL 110 Advanced Studies in Bioethics Principles of Biology A seminar examining one particular issue or An introduction to the unified science of life. set of issues in bioethics. 6 units. Emphasis on the experimental approach, to Also listed as Philosophy 370 show the inter relationships of living things by examining their metabolism, growth and Prerequisite: Philosophy 120 develop ment, genetics, behavior, ecology, and evolution. 6 units. BIET 495 Prior registration with department required Enrollment limit: 24 per laboratory section

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Optional courses exami na tion of the molecular basis of disease, in cluding cancer, as well as the mechanisms by ANTH 210 which viruses exploit a cell’s molecular machinery. Research Methods in Cultural Laboratory work is experimental in approach. Anthropology 6 units. An introduction to basic assumptions and Enrollment limit: 20 per laboratory section methods of research in sociocultural anthro Prerequisites: Sophomore standing, pology, including participant observation, Biology 110, and Chemistry 115 ethno graphic interview, focus groups, cognitive methods, survey, and census. Students gain BIOL 453 handson exper ience in research. 6 units. Developmental Biology Enrollment limit: 20 An experimental approach to animal develop ment with laboratory and lecture concentration Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or 140, prefer on molecular and cellular levels. Includes ably both (nonanthropology majors must have discussions of pattern formation, differentiation, instructor’s permission to register) cell interactions, gameto genesis, fertilization, Recom mended for anthropology majors in and early embryogeny. 6 units. the sophomore year; must be completed by the Prerequisites: Biology 140; concurrent enrollment end of the junior year. in or completion of one of the following: Biology 241, 444 (or Chemistry 340), 351, or 354 BIOL 326 Microbiology ECON 270 A study of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae, Public Sector Economics: with particular emphasis on their physiology Taxation Analysis and the adaptations that allow them to exploit An analysis of the effects of governmental certain environments. Laboratory exercises taxa tion policies and expenditure programs develop skills in identification and safe handling on the allocation of resources and on the of microorganisms. 6 units. distri bution of income. Considerable attention Enrollment limit: 24 to analyzing the equity and efficiency implica Prerequisites: Biology 110 and Chemistry 116 tions of various tax instruments. 6 units. or concurrent enrollment Prerequisite: Economics 100 or consent of instructor BIOL 351 Genetics ECON 275 A lecture and laboratory study relating the Public Sector Economics: principles of inheritance to modern concepts Expenditure Analysis of the structure and chemistry of the chromo This course examines market deficiencies somes and the molecular biology of the gene. including externalities and public goods as well 6 units. as the policy responses to these deficiencies. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing, Biology 120 or Policy selection will be discussed in terms of 140, and Chemistry 115 or concurrent enrollment voting behavior and public choice theory. The course also will address costbenefit analysis, BIOL 354 governmental subsidies, and specific government Molecular Biology programs such as Social Security. 6 units. An interdisciplinary examination of regulatory Prerequisite: Economics 100 mechanisms leading to differential gene expres sion. Main topics include transcription, translation, gene and protein structure. Further

57 BIoMEDICAL ETHICS

ECON 400 examining such questions as: Do poor and Industrial Organization minority populations suffer disproportionately An analysis of behavior in industrial markets from exposure to toxic material — i.e., envi where firms’ revenues or costs are interdepen ronmental injustice? How pervasive is environ dent. 6 units. mental racism? 6 units. Prerequisite: Economics 300 or consent Also listed as Environmental Studies 470 of instructor Prerequisite: government 110 and junior standing or consent of instructor ECON 440 Public Expenditure PHIL 320 A study of governmental expenditures in the Ethics American economy and of ways to evaluate An examination of theories about how we their effects on economic efficiency and on should live. Issues include the role of rights, the distribution of income. 6 units. duties and virtues in decision making, the Prerequisite: Economics 300 scope of morality, the limits of our obligations Offered in 2003-04 to others, and the foundations of morality. 6 units. GOVT 380 Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior Introduction to Public Policy standing, or consent of instructor A survey of public policy in the United States, analyzing issues such as welfare, environment, PHIL 360 crime, civil rights, and others. Policy problems Environmental Ethics and case studies used to examine the theory of An examination of some ethical assumptions policy formation, decisionmaking, and that might figure in discussions of environ implementation. 6 units. mental policy by economists, legal experts, Prerequisite: government 110 or consent philosophers, and policy scientists. 6 units. of instructor Also listed as Environmental Studies 360 Enrollment limit: 30 GOVT 465 Environmental Policy, Prerequisite: one course in economics, Politics, and Justice government, or philosophy; junior standing; This course examines aspects of America’s or consent of instructor environmental politics, policies, and justice. It will explore questions such as: Do acid rain, PHIL 430 intractable urban smog, toxic wastes, and Philosophy of Law endangered spotted owls signify a march An exploration of questions such as: To what toward ecological disaster? Who has rights to extent may a decision in a legal controversy nature, how are those rights specified, and what be deemed uniquely correct (as contrasted are the duties and responsibilities that accompany with an exercise of the judge’s discretion)? those rights? Who is setting the political agenda What purposes and assumptions underlie regarding America’s environmental policies, branches of the law such as criminal law or and are they focusing on the most important torts? What are the functions of precedent? priorities? How good a job are environmental What are the various relationships between policies and regulations doing, and can they morality and the law? 6 units. balance economic concerns with environmental Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior protection? Special attention will be given to standing, or consent of instructor the debates about environmental justice, by offered in 200304

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PSyC 245 PSyC 281 Health Psychology Research Methods II This course explores the link between mind The second course in a twoterm sequence for and body from various psychological perspec psychology majors (see Psychology 280). This tives such as social, clinical, and psychobiolog term focuses on the execution of empirical ical. We will survey the role of stress, emotion, research projects, analysis of data, inferential selfregulation, and individual differences as and z of results. Students present both written predictors of health and illness. We also will and oral reports on their projects. Sequence examine assessment, diagnostic, treatment, and should be taken in the sophomore year and ethical issues in pyschophysiological disorders. in consecutive terms. 6 units. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 40 Enrollment limit: 40 Prerequisite: Psychology 280 Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore standing PSyC 450 Clinical Psychology PSyC 250 An examination of the major approaches to Psychopathology psychotherapy (e.g., psychodynamic, cognitive, A study of the major psychological disorders. behavioral, humanistic). Students also learn Theory and research into the origins of each basic interviewing techniques and examine disorder are examined from a variety of ethical and professional issues. 6 units. perspectives (psychoanalytic, physiological, Enrollment limit: 15 cognitive, behavioral, and humanistic). 6 units. Prerequisites: Psychology 250, 280, 281, or Enrollment limit: 40 consent of instructor Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore standing Internships PSyC 280 Research Methods I The Mielke Family Foundation, Inc., has The first course in a twoterm sequence endowed the program in biomedical ethics designed to introduce psychology majors to with funds for offcampus internships. Program the principles of research design, data collection, advisors develop and maintain contacts for data analysis, and research report writing. This students in a variety of aspects of biomedical term focuses on philosophy of science, the role ethics. Students may, for example, choose to of theory in research, and research design. work with clinical geneticists on the production Students design an empirical project to be of advanced directives for parents of terminally executed during Research Methods II. Sequence ill infants, or they may work in a laboratory should be taken in the sophomore year and doing prenatal or infant genetic screening. must be taken in consecutive terms. 6 units. Students often work with healthcare providers, insurers, or purchasing groups in the Fox Valley Enrollment limit: 40 or other parts of Wisconsin. Topics might Prerequisite: Sophomore standing and concur include how to ensure quality when contracting rent or previous enrollment in Mathematics with a managedcare organization, services 117 or Mathematics 207 provided to the uninsured (the character of the safety net), and the effects of competition among managedcare organizations on costs and health outcomes. often students use their experience in these internships as a basis for their inde pendentstudy work.

59 Chemistry

Professors: Evans1 (director of information variety of levels, depending on their back technology planning), Lokensgard (chair) grounds and interests. Nonscientists are Associate Professor: Blackwell welcome, both in the major sequence and in Assistant Professors: Hall, Nordell, Thompson generalaudience courses. Laboratory work in courses frequently Chemistry, which has been called “the central emphasizes independent projects. All of the science,” plays a crucial role in the search for department’s instruments and facilities are solutions to many of society’s most pressing routinely available to students; research oppor problems, including health care, pollution, tunities for work with members of the faculty resource recovery, energy production, and are available during the school year and, often, conservation. Indeed, the chemical industry in the summer. Seniors are encouraged to and related healthcare industry are among the participate in independent studies and research major employers in the United States. Since that may lead to an honors thesis and honors chemistry lies at the heart of so many disciplines, at graduation. a chemistry major or minor provides an ideal foundation for careers or advanced study not only in chemistry itself but in biology, geology, The chemistry major medicine, physics, engineering, or psychology, as well as in science education, business, or law. Students major in chemistry for a variety of Building upon the broad reach of chemistry in reasons and with a variety of career goals. science and society, the courses offered by the Some are looking ahead to graduate work and department cover all the major subdivisions careers in college or university teaching or of the field, allowing students to tailor their research in academic, industrial, or government programs to fit their interests. Advanced courses laboratory settings. others find chemistry an and tutorials provide the chance to explore excellent preparation for medical school and a particular areas in considerable depth and detail, career as a physician. Still others are interested and the department actively sponsors indepen in high school teaching, in management dent research opportunities for majors and careers in the chemical industry, or in law minors. (e.g., environmental or chemical patent practice). The purpose of the chemistry curriculum The chemistry curriculum has at its core is threefold: to provide a thorough preparation a set of courses that present the traditional in chemistry for advanced study leading to subfields of chemistry (analytical, inorganic, careers in research, teaching, medicine, or organic, physical, and biochemistry). These business and for the interdisciplinary competence courses — Chemistry 210, 250, 252, 320, 340, increasingly needed in law, government, and 370 — are intended primarily for students at environmental science; to provide the knowledge the intermediate (sophomore and junior) levels of chemistry that is pertinent to the study of and provide a solid foundation in the discipline. other disciplines; and to provide an experience A number of advanced courses are also offered, in science within the intellectual context of a some of which focus more deeply on these liberal arts education. Students can begin at a same subfields; others explore connections between subfields or between chemistry and other disciplines.

1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; 4on leave Terms I, II, III

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Although chemistry is often thought of Required for the in terms of these subfields, the requirements for the Lawrence chemistry major or minor chemistry major (see following pages) are designed to emphasize common elements of these courses, not their 1. Introductory Principles differences. Thus, we recognize that several of Chemistry 115 and 116 or Chemistry 119 the core courses share important concepts or the equivalent related to molecular structure, reactions and Mathematics 140, 150, and 160 or the how they happen, and the challenges of equivalent designing and synthesizing new materials. Physics 150 and 160 others of these courses share a focus on 2. Three courses from group I, three courses quantitative aspects of the discipline, from from group II, and two courses (of which basic analytical questions (how much of some at least one must be a laboratory course) chemical is present in a sample) to highly from group III Note: No course can count sophisticated considerations of chemical energy, in two different categories. reaction rates, and equilibrium. Students can Group I: Structure, Properties, and Synthesis build their majors, then, by choosing combina Chemistry 220, 250, 252, 320, 340 tions of courses from these two major classifi Group II: Quantitative Chemistry cations, plus a few courses from a more Chemistry 210, 370, 400, 410, 470, 475 advanced set. In this way, students can tailor Group III: Topics, Applications, and Additional their majors to some extent to fit their own Subdisciplines interests and needs. Chemistry 320, 340, 400, 410, 440, 450, Though this provides some flexibility in 470, 475 the major or minor, it is still advantageous for 3. At least six units of credit earned in students to complete most or all of the core Chemistry Seminar courses numbered courses mentioned above by the end of the 380, 480, and 680 junior year, if possible. Those who do so find themselves wellprepared for advanced chemistry Entering students who intend to major electives, independent study, practice teaching, in chemistry generally plan to complete the or participation in the oak Ridge Science “Introductory Principles” requirements in Semester in the senior year (see page 281). chemistry, physics, and mathematics by the end Students who begin work toward the of the sophomore year, along with at least two major in the sophomore year or choose to courses from group I and one from group II. postpone some of the core courses until the Typically, a third group I course and two more senior year can still complete the requirements from group II are completed in the junior for the chemistry major, though they may be year, leaving the senior year for the advanced unable to meet all the prerequisites for some or specialtopics courses and research. A student advanced electives and may be less wellprepared whose decision to major in chemistry is made for independent study in some areas. It is later in the college career will find more courses possible to complete a chemistry major and pushed into the junior and senior years. Some also participate in the oak Ridge program or students have completed the major even when one of Lawrence’s other offcampus offerings. only the introductory chemistry courses — 116 Recent majors have participated in the or 119 — were completed by the end of the London Center program as well as other inter sophomore year, but very careful planning is national program (see offCampus Programs, necessary in such cases. page 277).

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The department will certify that a chem Required for the inter- istry major’s program meets the American Chemical Society’s (ACS) expectations for disciplinary major in the natural membership if the student completes a specific sciences in chemistry and a program that includes a few additional courses secondary discipline beyond the minimum required for the Lawrence major. Specifically, such students should complete Chemistry students who have strong secondary Chemistry 116 or 119, 210, 250, 252, 320, 340, interests in biology, physics, or geology, including 370, 410, 470, and 475, plus at least one addi premedical or preprofessional students, may tional course numbered 200 or above in construct a major involving chemistry and one chemistry, physics, mathematics, molecular of the other three natural sciences, using the biology, or geochemistry. A reading knowledge interdisciplinary major in the natural sciences of a foreign language and proficiency in one (see page 180). The requirements for this major computer language are also expected. There with chemistry as the primary discipline are: are some options for substitution on this list; 1. Introductory course sequences in chemistry, interested students should consult the department physics, and either biology or geology, chosen chair about those on an individual basis. to include the discipline of secondary Students planning graduate work or teaching interest. The introductory sequences are: in chemistry are urged to consider a program Biology 110 and 120 or Biology 110 and 140 that meets these ACS guidelines. Chemistry 115 and 116 or Chemistry 119 geology 110 and 210 Physics 150 and 160 Required for the Advanced placement credit equivalent to chemistry minor any of the introductory courses may be applied to the introductory requirement. A minimum of six chemistry courses to include: 2. Intermediate/Advanced Requirement: 1. Introductory Principles At least ten term courses in the sciences Chemistry 115 and 116 or Chemistry 119 (biology, chemistry, geology, physics), with or the equivalent at least five in chemistry and at least three 2. Two courses from group I, two courses in the secondary discipline. from group II, and one course from 3. At least 6 units of credit earned in Chemistry group III, of which three courses must be Seminar courses numbered 380, 480, and 680 laboratory courses and one must be num bered 400 or above Note: No course can count in two different Advanced placement categories. Group I: Structure, Properties, and Synthesis Students who have had the equivalent of a Chemistry 220, 250, 252, 320, and 340 college general chemistry course are encouraged Group II: Quantitative Chemistry to take the Advanced Placement Examination Chemistry 210, 370, 400, 410, 470, 475 in Chemistry administered by the Educational Group III: Topics, Applications, and Additional Testing Service. The department also administers Subdisciplines an examination each September for students Chemistry 320, 340, 400, 410, 440, 450, who have studied chemistry in high school for 470, 475 more than one year but who have not taken 3. At least three units of credit earned in the Advanced Placement Examination. Students Chemistry Seminar courses numbered 380, having sufficiently high scores on either exam 480, and 680 ination may receive six units of college credit. 4. C average in the minor The department also advises each student about specific course choices, based on the

62 CHEMISTRy examination score and the nature of the stu and methods for evaluating and interpreting lab dent’s high school work. For example, those oratory data and practice in qualitative and who receive advanced placement in chemistry quantitative reasoning. 6 units. may be advised to enroll in Chemistry 119 or in intermediate courses (Chemistry 210 or CHEM 115 250, 252). Principles of Chemistry: Structure and Reactivity Introduction to the study of chemistry, Courses emphasizing structures of chemical species — atoms, ions, and molecules — and relationships CHEM 105 between structure and chemical reactivity. The World of Chemistry Major topics may include models for atomic A study of the basic chemistry of everyday life, and molecular structure and bonding, empirical designed to provide a foundation for informed approaches to thermochemistry and equilibrium, decisions about scientific issues encountered acids and bases, descriptive chemistry of the on a daily basis. Topics, discussed from a main group elements, and solutions. 6 units. historical as well as practical and technical one threehour laboratory per week viewpoint, include (but are not limited to) the chemistry of food, drugs, cosmetics, crime, art, Prerequisites: High school chemistry or and the environment. A case study approach is Chemistry 111 strongly recommended used. Designed to be accessible to students with no chemical background but open to all CHEM 116 students. 6 units. Principles of Chemistry: Energetics and Dynamics one threehour laboratory per week Introduction to the study of chemistry, Not offered in 2002-03 emphasizing quantitative models of chemical behavior, especially those based on energy rela CHEM 106 tionships. Major topics may include Nuclear Weapons: A History of the covalent bonding, introduction to thermo Science and Technology dynamics, equilibrium, reaction rates, electro Introduction to relevant portions of 20th chemistry, nuclear chemistry, and descriptive century physics and chemistry, providing chemistry of the transition metals and their students with the technical background complexes. 6 units. necessary to consider policy questions related one threehour laboratory per week to nuclear weapons. 6 units. Prerequisite: Chemistry 115 or the equivalent Not offered in 2002-03 CHEM 119 CHEM 111 Accelerated General Chemistry Principles of Chemistry: Foundations A oneterm treatment of general chemistry A gateway to the study of chemistry, for designed primarily for freshmen with strong students with little or no high school chemistry high school backgrounds who are considering who wish to consider a major in chemistry a major emphasizing chemistry, biochemistry, and/or the allied sciences or who need to or molecular biology; premedical studies; or a review basic chemical principles. Study of basic 32 chemical engineering program. 6 credits. atomic and molecular models, physical and chemical changes, mathematical relationships Three lectures and two laboratory/workshop and manipulations, and introduction to the sessions per week chemical elements and their behavior and prop Enrollment is determined by placement exam erties. Short laboratory exercises provide skills and consent of instructor

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CHEM 210 Also listed as Biology 270; students may Analytical Chemistry not receive credit for both this course and A course in the fundamental principles of Chemistry 340/Biology 444 quantitative analysis, stressing both chemical No laboratory and instrumental techniques. Emphasis on application of analytical chemistry to practical Prerequisite: Chemistry 116 or 119 or consent problems, including environmental issues, food of instructor science, biochemical systems, and industrial Not offered in 2002-03 processes. opportunities for individually designed projects. 6 units. CHEM 250 Also listed as Environmental Studies 250 Organic Chemistry I A study of carbon compounds, with hydrocar Two threehour laboratories per week bons discussed in detail and some of the major Prerequisite: Chemistry 116 or 119 or consent functional groups introduced. one sixhour of instructor laboratory per week, directed toward the synthesis and analysis of organic compounds CHEM 220 and the elucidation of reaction mechanisms. Introduction to Materials Science 6 units. A chemically oriented exploration of materials, Prerequisite: Chemistry 116 or 119 or consent emphasizing the interdependence of function, of instructor properties, structure, and composition. Materials synthesis, processing, and fabrication CHEM 252 techniques are explored, together with their Organic Chemistry II effects on the characteristics and performance A continuation of the study of carbon com of materials. Metals, ceramics, polymers, semi pounds, including additional functional groups conductors, superconductors, and composites and polyfunctional compounds. one sixhour are considered. 6 units. laboratory per week, directed toward more Prerequisite: Chemistry 116 or 119 or consent advanced synthetic and analytic problems. of instructor 6 units. Prerequisite: Chemistry 250 CHEM 240 Principles of Biochemistry CHEM 320 A course designed principally for students who Inorganic Chemistry do not intend to pursue careers in the molecular A survey of structures, properties, reactivities, sciences (molecular biology, molecular genetics, and interrelationships of chemical elements developmental biology, biochemistry, or chem and their compounds. Topics include unifying istry) but who, nevertheless, are curious about principles and concepts that enable the the chemistry and chemical principles that interpretation of experimental data associated underlie fundamental biological processes. with materials. Emphasis on multidisciplinary Emphasis is on the structure and reactivity aspects of inorganic chemistry. Laboratory of biomolecules, from simple metabolites to projects involve synthesis and studies of complex enzymes. Energy production, biosyn compounds using a variety of experimental thesis, and the regulation of metabolism are methods. 6 units. considered in some detail. Studentselected topics on health, nutrition, drugs, and disease Prerequisite: Chemistry 116 or 119 or consent will be examined during the last week of the of instructor class. 6 units.

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CHEM 340 CHEM 400 Biochemistry Advanced Topics in Chemistry A study of biological processes at the molecu Studies that extend and apply concepts and lar level. The course focuses principally on skills from lowerlevel courses, addressing more proteins — the workhorses of living systems specialized chemical problems within particular — particularly their structure, function, and subdisciplines of chemistry, seeking answers regulation as these relate to enzyme catalysis. to broader questions bridging these areas or A second focus is on biochemical transforma exploring current developments in the tions, the mechanisms whereby living systems discipline. 6 units. transform simple chemicals into complex Not offered in 2002-03 structures. 6 units. one afternoonlong laboratory per week CHEM 410 Also listed as Biology 444; students may not Instrumental Analysis receive credit for both this course and An advanced course in instrumental methods Chemistry 240/Biology 270 of compound identification and analysis. Emphasis divided between instrument design Prerequisite: Chemistry 252, concurrent and operating principles and interpretation of enrollment therein, or consent of instructor instrumental data. Discussion of spectroscopic, chromatographic, and electrochemical tech CHEM 370 niques. Illustrative experiments drawn from Chemical Dynamics various fields of chemistry, with an emphasis Develops and explores theoretical descriptions on natural systems and environmental issues. of chemical systems: physical states, the laws of 6 units. thermodynamics as applied to chemical and physical equilibria, chemical reaction kinetics, one laboratory per week and spectroscopy. 6 units. Prerequisites: Chemistry 210, 252, and 370 or Prerequisites: Mathematics 120 or 140; one of consent of instructor the following courses: Physics 120, Physics 150, Chemistry 210, or Chemistry 252; or consent CHEM 440 of instructor Advanced Biochemistry An advanced course covering key areas of CHEM 380 contemporary biochemistry. Topics include Seminar: Perspectives on Chemistry enzyme kinetics and the use of isotopes to A series of presentations by visiting chemists establish enzyme mechanisms; protein structure, and Lawrence students, faculty, and staff, function, and folding; protein engineering; featuring current issues in chemistry, important and recent advances in biochemical medicine. applications of chemistry, and professional The course is divided between lecture and development topics appropriate to chemistry discussion, relying heavily on current bio majors or minors. Approximately one meeting chemical literature. 6 units. per week. Two or more short “reaction papers” No laboratory (a short seminar critique or summary) required Also listed as Biology 455 of each student. 1 unit, S/U only. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: Chemistry 340 or Chemistry 240 and consent of instructor Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Offered annually in the Fall Term

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CHEM 450 CHEM 480 (88) Advanced Organic Chemistry Seminar: Chemical Literature A study of modern topics in organic chemistry, A seminar course intended primarily for junior emphasizing current literature. Topics vary year majors and minors; department faculty and to year and may include organic structure, students read and discuss a series of key articles reaction mechanisms, and synthetic methods. from the chemical literature. Each student 6 units. writes a critical synopsis of, and leads discussion No formal laboratory; lab exercises may occa on, one paper. At least one class meeting per sionally substitute for lectures week. 2 units, S/U only. Senior majors may repeat the course, at a lower participation level, Prerequisites: Chemistry 252 and 370 or consent for 1 unit. The lower participation level involves of instructor reading the articles, participating in the discus Not offered in 2002-03 sions, and writing short “reaction papers” on two articles after the discussions. CHEM 470 Offered annually in Winter Term Quantum Chemistry and Statistical Mechanics CHEM 680 Develops and explores theoretical descriptions Seminar: Senior Seminar of macroscopic chemical systems and their A seminar course for senior majors, featuring relation to the microscopic point of view: two components: a) an intensive study of the equations of state for macroscopic systems of work of a single distinguished chemist, culmi gases, liquids, and solids at equilibrium; the nating whenever possible in a campus visit by microscopic quantum description of atoms and that chemist, and b) individual seminar presen molecules in such systems; statistical methods tations by senior majors. 3 units, S/U only. that link the macroscopic and microscopic levels of description; and the treatment of deviations Offered annually in the Spring Term from equilibrium. 6 units. CHEM 190, 390, 590, 690 Prerequisites: Chemistry 370, Mathematics 160, Tutorial Studies in Chemistry and Physics 160 or consent of instructor Advanced reading and/or laboratory work in chemistry on topics not covered in regular CHEM 475 offerings. one or more terms may be elected. Spectroscopy Available to both majors and nonmajors. A study of the theory and practice of spectro Variable credit. scopy. Theoretical topics may include energy quantization, selection rules, and group theory. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor Experimental topics may include infrared, Raman, ultraviolet/visible, electron spin CHEM 199, 399, 599, 699 resonance, or nuclear magnetic resonance spec Independent Study in Chemistry troscopies and their applications. 6 units. original experimental or theoretical research in cooperation with a faculty member. Seniors Two lectures and six hours of laboratory considering an honors project should register per week for this course for one or more terms (see Prerequisites: Chemistry 370 or Chemistry 470 Honors at graduation, page 303). Available to both majors and nonmajors. Variable credit. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor

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Recent tutorial topics in chemistry

Electron Transfer Processes in Materials Synthesis Theory and Applications of TwoDimensional NMR Methods Polymer Chemistry Fractals in Chemistry geochemical Techniques Forensic Chemistry Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance

67 Classics

Professor: Taylor (chair) Required for the Assistant Professor: McNeill classics major Classics is a quintessentially interdisciplinary field of intellectual inquiry and academic Students may elect to fulfill the requirements endeavor. The program of the classics depart of their classics major by concentrating in ment emphasizes both ancient history and the classical languages (I), classical civilization (II), careful reading and critical study of selected or classical linguistics (III), depending on their greek and Latin texts, together with formal intellectual interests and postgraduate plans. study of the languages themselves, as a basis for further study of classical literature, art, history, I. Classical Languages linguistics, mythology, culture, and civilization. Classics 110 and 225 or their equivalents, plus The classics department accordingly offers seven advanced courses, tutorials, or indepen three related but distinct concentrations. The dent studies in greek and/or Latin. Students traditional concentration in classical languages who anticipate doing graduate work in classics produces potential scholars well trained in should choose this concentration. both greek and Latin and well versed in classi cal philology and literature and also prepares II. Classical Civilization students for teaching certification in Latin. The 1. Classics 110 or 225, or its equivalent concentration in classical civilization combines a 2. Two courses from each of the following modicum of greek or Latin with the study of three sets of courses: classical culture, ancient history, and classical art a. Classics 150, 160, 300, 310 for students who desire to engage the classical b. Classics 250, 260, 270, 355, Philosophy 200 world broadly and as humanistically as possible. c. Classics 340, 345, 350, 360, 365 The concentration in classical linguistics is 3. Three more courses selected either from designed for students of a more scientific bent, those listed in a., b., and c. above and/or who wish to acquire a knowledge of greek from other courses or tutorials in classics and Latin at the same time as they essay the formal, rigorous study of language science. III. Classical Linguistics Classics 110 and 225, or their equivalents, and Linguistics 150, plus three advanced courses or Placement tutorials in classical languages and three more courses or tutorials in linguistics (Linguistics Students with four years of high school Latin 320, 340, and 510 are especially recommended). may enroll in any Latin course numbered 400 or above; students with three years may also enroll in any Latin course numbered 400 or Required for the Greek above but may prefer to review by enrolling in and Latin minors Classics 110; those with one or two years of high school Latin, would be best advised to 1. Greek: Five advanced language courses plus begin anew in Classics 100. Students who have a tutorial in the history of greek literature. studied greek in high school should consult Latin: Five advanced language courses plus with the department chair before enrolling in a tutorial in the history of Latin literature. a greek course. 2. C average in the minor.

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Foreign study CLAS 125 Intensive Elementary Greek The curriculum at the “Centro” in Rome is An accelerated introductory course emphasizing considered to be an integral part of the classics the basic systematic structure of greek. Classics department’s program (see Intercollegiate 125 and 225 provide students with the ability Center for Classical Studies in Rome, page 285). to read both classical and New Testament Consult the department chair for more details. greek. 6 units.

CLAS 225 Foreign language requirement Intermediate Greek Reading A continuation of Classics 125, conducted at a Students may fulfill the university’s foreign similar pace. Readings from a variety of texts. language requirement by taking any 400level 6 units. Latin literature course (prerequisites: Classics Successful completion fulfills Lawrence’s foreign 100 and/or 110, Beginning and Intermediate language requirement. Latin, respectively) or by taking Classics 225, Prerequisite: Classics 125 or its equivalent Intermediate Greek Reading (prerequisite: Classics 125: Intensive Elementary Greek). The following courses in Latin literature have as a prerequisite either Classics 110 (or its equivalent) Humanities requirement or three or four years of high school Latin. Successful completion of any one of these courses satisfies Lawrence’s Students may fulfill the university’s humanities foreign language and humanities requirements. requirement by taking any classics course taught in English or any 400level course in CLAS 400 greek or Latin literature. Roman Comedy Close reading of two plays by Plautus and/or Terence, selected from the following: Courses in Latin and Greek Amphitryo, Casina, Menaechmi, Rudens, Andria, Eunuch, Phormio, and Adelphoe. 6 units. CLAS 100 Also listed as Theatre and Drama 274 Beginning Latin An introductory course for both those with no CLAS 405 background in Latin and those who seek a better Mediaeval Latin understanding of the forms and basic syntax of Reading selections include both prose and the language. 6 units. poetry, emphasize ecclesiastical and intellectual history, and document continuity and change CLAS 110 within the Latin language. 6 units. Intermediate Latin A continuation of Classics 100 with readings CLAS 410 to develop experience with connected literary Ovid discourse. Selections include classical and post A study of ovid’s poetics as represented in classical prose and poetry. 6 units. a book of the Metamorphoses or the Ars Prerequisite: Classics 100 or two years of high Amatoria. 6 units. school Latin

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CLAS 415 CLAS 470 Roman Historians Greek Lyric Poetry A study of selections from several Roman A study of poems by Archilochus, Anacreon, historians, chosen to emphasize specific historical Theognis, Sappho, Alcaeus, et al., with emphasis events and persons depicted on Roman coins on literary dialects and meter. 6 units. in the university’s ottilia Buerger Collection of Ancient and Byzantine Coins. 6 units. CLAS 475 Lysias and Greek Rhetoric CLAS 420 Careful reading and study of Lysias’ Against Latin Popular Literature Eratosthenes, with emphasis on grammatical Readings vary from year to year; past texts structures and rhetorical figures. 6 units. have included Augustine’s Confessions and the Cena Trimalchionis of Petronius. 6 units. Courses in Classical CLAS 425 Civilization Taught in English Horace and Catullus Careful reading and concentrated study of Knowledge of Greek and Latin is not required for selected Horatian odes and Catullan lyrics. the following courses, which are taught in English 6 units. and which therefore satisfy Lawrence’s humanities requirement but not, obviously, the foreign language The following courses in Greek literature have as a requirement. prerequisite Classics 225 or its equivalent. Successful completion of any one of these courses satisfies CLAS 150 Lawrence’s humanities requirement. Survey of Greek History A study of ancient greek history from the CLAS 450 Bronze Age to 146 B.C. Emphasis on the rise New Testament Greek and fall of the greek citystate as a political, Careful reading of the gospel of John and societal, and cultural model. Readings include parallel passages in other gospels, with special the historians Herodotus and Thucydides. attention to variant manuscript readings. 6 units. 6 units. Also listed as History 180 CLAS 455 CLAS 160 Homer Survey of Roman History Readings from the Iliad and/or Odyssey. 6 units. A study of the history of Rome from its origins through the Republic and Empire to 410 A.D. CLAS 460 Emphasis on political and cultural developments Plato and the acquisition of empire. Readings may Close reading of one dialogue in greek, such as include Livy, Tacitus, Suetonius, and the Historia the Meno, Symposium, or Crito, and of others in Augusta. 6 units. translation. 6 units. Also listed as History 185 CLAS 465 Greek Tragedy CLAS 250 A study of selected dramas such as Aeschylus’ Classical Mythology Prometheus Bound, the Oedipus Tyrannus and An examination of myths, legends, and folk tales Antigone of Sophocles, and Euripides’ Bacchae selected from greek and Roman literature and and Medea. 6 units. emphasizing differences in species (human/ ani mal), gender (male/female), and nationality Also listed as Theatre and Drama 276 70 CLASSICS

(greek or Roman/barbarian). Texts usually place during this revolutionary period. 6 units. include the Odyssey, Hesiod’s Theogony, Also listed as History 240 Aeschylus’ Oresteia trilogy, Euripides’ Medea and Bacchae, and ovid’s Metamorphoses. 6 units. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor CLAS 260 Classical Literature in Translation CLAS 340 A study of several specific literary texts selected Archaic and Classical Greek Art from the corpus of ancient greek and Latin A study of greek art and architecture to the prose and poetry, read in English translation. end of the fourth century B.C. Topics include Selections vary year to year. Most recently the the great sanctuaries at olympia, Delphi, and topic was epic poetry: Homer’s Iliad and Athens; the development of mythological Odyssey, the Argonautica, and Vergil’s Aeneid. narrative in sculpture and vase painting; the 6 units. political and propagandistic function of greek art; and the beginning of portraiture. 6 units. CLAS 270 Also listed as Art History 200 Athletes and Heroes in Ancient Greece Prerequisite: Art History 100 or sophomore A study of the “agonal drive,” the competitive standing spirit that dominated ancient greek culture and civilization. Emphasis on the olympic CLAS 345 games and the Athenian dramatic competitions From Alexander to Kleopatra: Art of the at the Festival of Dionysus. Incorporates litera Hellenistic Age ture, art, history, archaeology, religion, philosophy, A study of greek and greekinfluenced art and anthropology and utilizes computerassisted from the time of Alexander the great to the instruction, in addition to lectures and discus Roman conquest of Egypt in 31 B.C. Topics sions, and videocassettes as well as texts. 6 units. include portraiture and the royal iconography of the Hellenistic rulers, the development of CLAS 300 regional styles in sculpture, and the influence Periclean Athens of the Romans as patrons. 6 units. A study of the history of Athens from the end Also listed as Art History 202 of the Persian Wars to the execution of Socrates. A wide range of material and topics will be Prerequisite: Art History 100 or sophomore considered: social and political developments, standing warfare, empire, diplomacy, intellectual and cultural life. Emphasis on the revolution in CLAS 350 ideas and visions of humanity that defined Roman Art the golden age of classical greece. 6 units. A study of the art and architecture of the Etruscans and the Romans to the end of the Also listed as History 235 Roman empire. Topics include the funerary Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent arts of the Etruscans, the art and archaeology of instructor of Pompeii and Herculaneum, developments in imperial portraiture and historical relief, CLAS 310 technological innovations in architecture, and Augustan Rome the beginnings of Christian art. 6 units. An introduction to ancient Rome and Roman Also listed as Art History 204 civilization, focusing on the Age of Augustus in all its aspects: art, literature, politics, empire, Prerequisite: Art History 100 or sophomore law, entertainment, and society. Emphasis on standing the political and cultural changes that took CLAS 355 71 CLASSICS

Women in Classical Antiquity Emphasis on specific episodes in the history of This course examines the roles of women in medicine and on the greek and Latin linguistic ancient greek, Hellenistic, and Roman societies, elements in medical discourse. 6 units. using historical, literary, art historical, and Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent archaeological sources. We discuss these cultures’ of instructor constructions of gender and the ways in which they affected the relationship of women (and CLAS 510 men) to the social, religious, political, economic, The Origins of War and legal institutions. 6 units. A study of the concerns that lead states to war Also listed as Art History 302 and gender through analysis of the strategic and diplomatic Studies 215 crises that precipitated two great historical Enrollment limit: 15 conflicts: the Peloponnesian War in 431 B.C. and the First World War in 1914. Students will Prerequisite: Sophomore standing regard themselves as diplomats assigned to report on the developing situations. 6 units. CLAS 360 The Art and History of Ancient Coinage Also listed as History 510 An introduction to the study of ancient coinage. Enrollment limit: 15 Using the university’s ottilia Buerger Collection Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent of Ancient and Byzantine Coins, this course of instructor will explore the history of ancient and Byzantine coinage and investigate the importance of CLAS 520 coins as works of art and as historical and The Romance Languages and archaeological sources. 6 units. their Histories Also listed as Art History 300 An introduction to the development of Romance Prerequisite: Art History 100 or permission languages from Latin. Emphasis on a comparative of instructor; Art History 200, 202, or 204 study of the structures of the modern Romance recommended. languages. Taught in English. 6 units. Also listed as Linguistics 510 and Spanish 560 CLAS 365 Prerequisite: Knowledge of Latin or a Romance Archaeology of the Prehistoric Aegean language beyond the intermediate level or A study of archaeological investigations in the consent of instructor Aegean area — greece, Crete, the Cycladic islands, and western Turkey. Emphasis on the CLAS 190, 390, 590, 690 evidence of cultural development from Tutorial Studies in Classics Paleolithic huntergatherers and Neolithic Advanced study of greek, Latin, ancient history, farmers and herders through the development classical civilization, and/or linguistics, arranged of the Bronze Age “palace” civilizations of the and carried out in cooperation with an instructor. Minoans and Mycenaeans. 6 units. Variable credit. Also listed as Anthropology 324 CLAS 199, 399, 599, 699 CLAS 500 Independent Study in Classics Medical Language: Origins and Advanced study of greek, Latin, ancient history, Etymologies classical civilization, and/or linguistics, arranged An introduction to the origins of medical arts in consultation with the department. Students and medical vocabulary in classical antiquity considering an honors project should register for and to the etymological principles governing the this course, for one or more terms (see Honors at history and derivation of medical terminology. graduation, page 303). Variable credit.

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Recent tutorial topics in classics

Aristotle’s Poetics Comparative Phonology of greek and Latin ovid and Art Sappho and Alcaeus Vergil’s Aeneid

73 Cognitive Science

Faculty advisors: gregg2 (mathematics), Linguistics 150: Introduction to Linguistics Rewgottfried (psychology), Ryckman Linguistics 340: Introduction to Syntax (philosophy) Linguistics 350: Introduction to Phonology Linguistics 440: Comparative Syntax Cognitive science is a developing area of Philosophy 300: Epistemology interdisciplinary study that investigates the Philosophy 400/Linguistics 400: Philosophy nature and representation of knowledge, the of Language structure and function of intelligence (natural Psychology 370: Perception and artificial), and the relation of mind to Psychology 260/265: Developmental brain and machine. In studying cognitive Psychology science, students are encouraged to acquaint Psychology 360: Brain and Behavior I themselves with insights and methods from Psychology 540: Psycholinguistics a variety of disciplines, including psychology, University Course 250/251: Self Interest computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and Social Behavior (both terms must anthropology, and neuroscience. be taken for one course toward The interdisciplinary area is particularly Cognitive Science) relevant for students interested in experimental psychology, computer science, linguistics, or philosophy. Students interested in other disci Courses plines, such as anthropology, political science, neuroscience, or music theory, may also find ANTH 330 cognitive science an important perspective Language and Culture from which to consider their work. An examination of language and other cultural sym bolic systems used to formulate and communi cate meanings. Attention to social Requirements for the inter- factors in language use, including ethnicity, disciplinary area in cognitive social class, gender, and the nationstate. Some considera tion of the ways that language both science reflects and influences people’s ways of thinking. 6 units. 1. The following core courses: a. Computer Science 470: Artificial Also listed as Linguistics 330 Intelligence, and Enrollment limit: 35 b. Philosophy 410: Philosophy of Mind, and Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or 140 c. Psychology 340: Cognitive Psychology 2. Five additional courses from the following CMSC 470 (three of these courses should be in depart Artificial Intelligence ments other than the student’s major): Principles and programming techniques of Anthropology 330: Language and Culture artificial intelligence using the LISP language. Computer Science 515/Mathematics 515: Topics include computational methods and Theory of Computation models of search, game playing, theorem proving, Economics 410: Game Theory and Applications heuristics as a means of improving problem Education 180: Psychology of Learning solving, and adaptive systems. 6 units. Prerequisite: Computer Science 200 1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; 4on leave Terms I, II, III

74 CogNITIVE SCIENCE

CMSC 515 LING 350 Theory of Computation Introduction to Phonology A study of programming in the abstract, leading An introduction to the formal study of pho to an understanding of the precise nature and netics, phonemics, and phonological analysis limitations of computing machines. Topics include and theory. Topics include stress, syllable struc decidable and undecidable predicates, regular ture, tones, metrics, phonotactics, and links and pushdown automata, regular and context between phonology and morphology/syntax; free grammars, and Turing machines. 6 units. exercises on familiar and unfamiliar languages. Also listed as Mathematics 515 6 units. Prerequisites: Mathematics 300 and Prerequisite: Linguistics 150 or consent Computer Science 200 of instructor

EDUC 180 LING 440 Psychology of Learning Comparative Syntax An investigation of how people learn. Emphasis A comparative, formal study of morphological on examining modern learning principles and and syntactic structures in IndoEuropean theories (e.g., behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, languages (focusing on Romance and germanic) constructivist) and their implications for the and nonIndoEuropean languages (focusing educational process in schools. The nature and on East Asian languages). Contrastive analysis design of formal learning environments con allows students to acquire linguistic insights ducive to the emotional growth and cognitive into individual languages in light of universal development of children and adolescents will grammar. 6 units. be considered. Approaches to instruction that promote meaningful learning and deep under PHIL 300 standing will be explored. Practicum of 25 Epistemology hours required. 6 units. An examination of some basic questions concerning the nature and extent of human LING 150 knowledge, focusing on the topics of skepticism, Introduction to Linguistics justification, certainty, the a priori and the Introduction to theory and methods of a posteriori, and analyses of knowledge. 6 units. linguistics: universal properties of human Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior language; phonetic, phonological, morphological, standing, or consent of instructor syntactic, and semantic structures and analysis; nature and form of grammar. 6 units. PHIL 400 Philosophy of Language LING 340 An examination of major theories of meaning, Introduction to Syntax reference, and cognitive content, and an An introduction to descriptive analysis of mor attempt to understand how language functions phological and syntactic structures in natural to relate “internal” psychological states to languages with an emphasis on gaining insight things in the “external” world. Contemporary into the nature of such structures, rather than philo sophers are emphasized. 6 units. on linguistic formalization. Topics include levels Also listed as Linguistics 400 of representation, Xbar theory, case theory, thematic roles, the lexicon, grammatical function Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior changing rules, and headcomplement relations. standing, or consent of instructor 6 units. Philosophy 150 recom mended Prerequisite: Linguistics 150 or consent of instructor Offered in alternate years 75 CogNITIVE SCIENCE

PHIL 410 and experiments. 6 units. Philosophy of Mind Enrollment limit: 30 An examination of our common sense conception of mental states and processes and Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore of attempts to answer the question, “Is our standing common sense conception of mental states and processes compatible with the methods PSyC 360 and assumptions of cognitive science?” 6 units. Brain and Behavior I An introduction to the structure and function Prerequisite: one course in philosophy of the nervous system and its relationship to Psychology 340, junior standing, or consent behavior. Topics include cellular physiology, of instructor neuroanatomy, sensory processes, and neuropharmacology. No laboratory. 6 units. PSyC 260 Developmental Psychology Enrollment limit: 50 A study of the development of behavior and Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore mental processes from conception through standing. At least one biology course recom middle childhood. Topics include prenatal mended development, attachment, children’s language skills, and social and cognitive development. A PSyC 370 variety of theoretical perspectives are covered. Perception 6 units. An introduction to the physiological and Enrollment limit: 40 psychological processes by which we receive, transform, and use the information from the Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore world acquired through our senses. Special standing emphasis on visual and auditory perception to allow a more indepth study of two perceptual PSyC 265 systems and to provide information useful to Developmental Psychology those interested in the visual arts and music. Identical in content to Psychology 260, but 6 units. requiring a weekly threehour laboratory that involves systematic work with children to learn Enrollment limit: 40 and apply assessment techniques and experi Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore mental methodologies for the study of devel standing opment. 6 units. Not offered in 2002-03 Enrollment limit: 20 Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore PSyC 540 standing Psycholinguistics An examination of the nature and structure Not offered in 2002-03 of language, integrating knowledge from linguistics, psychology, neurophysiology, and PSyC 340 sociology. Focus on the psychological theories Cognitive Psychology and experimental evidence about language An investigation of the mental processes production and perception. 6 units. involved in the acquisition, organization, and use of knowledge. Informationprocessing and Also listed as Linguistics 450 other approaches are used to study pattern rec Enrollment limit: 15 ognition, attention, memory, imagery, Prerequisite: Psychology 340, Linguistics 150, problemsolving, and related topics. one labo or consent of instructor ratory per week involving class demonstrations

76 CogNITIVE SCIENCE

UNIC 250 course from either cognitive science, economics, Self Interest and Social Behavior I psychology, biology, government, anthropology, An introduction to models of individuals or philosophy, or consent of lead instructor. furthering their own self interest and to appli cations of these models over all areas of social UNIC 251 behavior, whether the concern is competition Self Interest and Social Behavior II versus cooperation or the use of money, sex, A continuation of UNIC 250. This course violence, or power. These models from decision continues with applications from traditional theory and game theory are applied to rational game theory and then focuses on applications choice or evolution within the fields of cogni of models from evolutionary game theory. tive science, economics, psychology, biology, 6 units. political science, philosophy, and anthropology. Prerequisite: UNIC 250 This course focuses on applications of models from decision theory and traditional game theory. 6 units. Prerequisites: Mathematics 120 or 140 and one

77 Computer Science

Professor: Evans1 (computer science), director ment employs several systems dedicated to of information technology planning computer science instruction: DEC Alpha Associate professors: gregg2 (mathematics); systems running the UNIX or Linux operating Parks (mathematics); Sanerib (mathematics) systems and a classroom equipped with high Assistant professor: Krebsbach (computer sci end Intel computers. This variety of machines ence) offers students the opportunity to work with major operating systems and major program The mathematics department, together with ming languages. other members of the faculty, coordinates computer science at Lawrence. The interdisci plinary mathematicscomputer science major Required for the interdisci- offers students an opportunity to combine plinary mathematics-computer these two disciplines, enriching both. Computer science combines an empirical science major aspect — which involves implementing specific 1. The core sequence: Mathematics 140, 150, algorithms — with a theoretical aspect — which 160, and Computer Science 150, 200, and 300 involves analysis of abstract processes using 2. Mathematics 220 and 300 methods of applied mathematics. Both aspects 3. Computer Science 460, 510, and 515 of the discipline contribute to understanding 4. 12 additional units in mathematics courses what problems are amenable to computer selected from among Mathematics 310, 420, solution and what methods are optimal. 525, or 540 Today, computing importantly serves 5. 6 additional units in a computer science academic research no less than commercial course numbered 400 or above enterprise. Moreover, a disciplined exposure to 6. Completion of an independent study project computer science within the context of studies in at least one term of the senior year in liberal arts and sciences fosters in the student In choosing electives: Mathematics 420 and the development of clarity and precision in 525 are recommended. Computer Science 430 analysis, logic, and expression. or 440 is recommended for students considering Prospective engineers will find that entry a technical career or graduate study in computer to computer engineering curricula can be science. Computer Science 410 is recommended coordinated through Lawrence’s cooperative for those considering careers in management 32 program with engineering schools, usually information science. Physics 220 is recommended with a Lawrence major in physics, mathematics, for students considering preengineering. or mathematicscomputer science (see Cooperative Degree Programs, page 29). Academic computing facilities on campus Required for the computer are abundant and diverse. The university’s computer systems provide central computing science minor facilities accessible from all parts of the campus and offer worldwide communication via the 1. Mathematics 210 or 220 Internet. Data connections are possible from 2. Computer Science 150 and 200 student rooms in residence halls. The depart 3. 18 additional units in computer science courses numbered 300 or above, one of which must be numbered 400 or above 1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; 4. C average in the minor 4on leave Terms I, II, III

78 CoMPUTER SCIENCE

Enrollment limit: 24 per section

CMSC 170 Tutorials Special Topics in Computer Languages Essential programming techniques in a specified No tutorials are given for courses routinely language. offered only on a writeforcredit offered, and the department does not normally S/U basis. 3 units. permit a tutorial to satisfy a major or minor Prerequisite: Computer Science 100 or 150 requirement for graduation. CMSC 200 Placement Principles of Software Design A study of advanced programming and an Advanced placement and six units of Lawrence introduction to data structures. Topics focus credit (for Computer Science 150) may be on programming skills needed for the design obtained by scoring 4 or 5 on the A or AB and implementation of standard data structures computer science exam administered by the such as lists, trees, and graphs and their associated College Board. Consult the department for algorithms. Also, recursion, analysis of algorithms, details and proper placement. and advanced aspects of objectoriented programming. Advanced instruction in the C++ language. 6 units. Courses Prerequisite: Computer Science 150

CMSC 100 CMSC 300 Exploring Computer Science Software Engineering An overview of computer science as a broadly A study of the software development process based discipline. Emphasis on development of with emphasis on skills required for completion skills in algorithmic thinking, implemented in of large software projects. Topics include design a subset of a suitable programming language. of applications, use of standard application Brief coverage of selected advanced topics frameworks, designing for the user, testing, from computer science, applications of com and maintenance of software. Students work puting in other disciplines, and impacts of in teams to complete a major project. 6 units. computing on society. 6 units. Prerequisite: Computer Science 200 Not intended as preparation for Computer Science 200 CMSC 410 Enrollment limit: 24 per section Systems Analysis and Design An introduction to techniques for analyzing CMSC 150 and modeling systems for implementation as Introduction to Computer Science computer programs. Topics include a survey An introduction to computer programming of modeling methodologies for structured and for potential mathematics/computer science objectoriented systems and case studies of majors and other students with a strong interest system development. Also, applications of anal in computing. Topics include elementary ysis and design methods to database design and programming constructs, design and imple design of distributed systems. 6 units. mentation of algorithms, and objectoriented programming. Introductory instruction in the C++ language. 6 units.

79 CoMPUTER SCIENCE

Prerequisite: Computer Science 300 Operating Systems The basic principles of operating systems: CMSC 420 implementation of multitasking systems; Computer Graphics control and coordination of concurrent tasks, The fundamentals of computer graphics and deadlocks, synchronization, mutual exclusion; their applications in visualizing a variety of storage management, segmentation, paging, scientific phenomena. Topics include graphics virtual memory, protection, sharing, access primitives, two and threedimensional control, file systems; resource management; transformations, threedimensional viewing evaluation and prediction of performance by techniques, spline curves, surface patches, hidden both theoretical and experimental means. line algorithms, ray tracing, radiosity, texture 6 units. mapping, and fractals. 6 units. Prerequisite: Computer Science 200 or Prerequisites: Mathematics 140 and consent of instructor Computer Science 200 CMSC 460 CMSC 430 Programming Languages Hardware Organization Current algorithmic paradigms, their imple The structure and function of computers from mentation in programming languages, and the a perspective midway between that of the translation of such languages into machine electronic circuit designer (see Physics 220) operations. Topics include objectoriented and that of the assembly language programmer programming, functional programming, logic (see Computer Science 440). Topics include programming, parsing theory, and the imple elementary digital logic, data storage devices, mentation of programming language data flow pathways, and examples of central constructs in terms of fundamental machine processor organization that illustrate micro operations. 6 units. programming, pipelining, parallelism, and Prerequisite: Computer Science 200 reduced instruction sets. 6 units. Prerequisite: Computer Science 200 or CMSC 470 consent of instructor Artificial Intelligence Physics 120 or 150 recommended Principles and programming techniques of artificial intelligence using the LISP language. CMSC 440 Topics include computational methods and Computer Architecture models of search, game playing, theorem A study of computers and their system software proving, heuristics as a means of improving at the level of abstraction of an architecture problemsolving, and adaptive systems. 6 units. defined by an assembly language. Topics Prerequisite: Computer Science 200 include instruction sets, addressing techniques, and program control mechanisms; subroutines, CMSC 510 procedures, and macros; representation and Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis manipulation of numeric and string data; Advanced data structures and the time and assemblers, linkers, runtime libraries, and space efficiency of the algorithms that manip debugging aids. 6 units. ulate such structures. Topics include string Prerequisite: Computer Science 200 or search algorithms, sparse matrices, unionfind consent of instructor problems, recursion, internal and external sorting, optimized tree structures, graphs, networks, Mathematics 220 recommended pathfinding algorithms, hashing, memory management techniques, and parallelism. CMSC 450 6 units. Prerequisites: Computer Science 200 and 80 CoMPUTER SCIENCE

Mathematics 220 Variable credit.

CMSC 515 CMSC 199, 399, 599, 699 Theory of Computation Independent Study in Computer Science A study of programming in the abstract, lead Variable credit. ing to an understanding of the precise nature and limitations of computing machines. Topics include decidable and undecidable predicates, Recent tutorial topics regular and pushdown automata, regular and in computer science contextfree grammars, and Turing machines. 6 units. Distributed Databases Also listed as Mathematics 515 Robotics Prerequisites: Mathematics 300 and Computer Parallel Algorithms Science 150

CMSC 190, 390, 590, 690 Tutorial Studies in Computer Science

81 East Asian Languages and Cultures

Professor: Doeringer 350, or 520 and any one of the following: EALC Associate professors: Sung1, yang3 (chair) 210, 220, 230, 270, 320,335, 410, 420, or 510. Assistant professor: yamagata A typical major will then include: The East Asian languages and cultures depart 1. Completion of EALC 101, 102, 201, 202, ment provides students with a coherent study 203, 301, 401, and 402 or 111, 112, 211, of a cultural region. This region primarily 212, and 213 and study in Japan and an encompasses China, Korea, and Japan — advanced tutorial countries that spring from a common historical 2. EALC 140 and 150 experience and share many common values and 3. Two courses from EALC 260, 265, 340, traditions. Though language forms an important 350, or 520 part of this study, the focus of the curriculum 4. one course from EALC 210, 220, 230, and major remains as much cultural as linguistic. 320, 410, or 510 Courses are thus taught in English as well as in East Asian languages. Required for the Chinese language minor Required for the East Asian languages and cultures major 1. Completion of beginning and intermediate Chinese language courses: EALC 101, 102, All majors must develop competency in one of 201, 202, 203, and 301 or the equivalent the two major languages spoken in East Asia. 2. one advanced language course They are, therefore, required to achieve inter 3. An exit proficiency interview mediatehigh language proficiency either by 4. C average in the minor completing three courses in Mandarin Chinese beyond EALC 203: EALC 301, 401, and 402, or by completing the equivalent of three advanced Required for the East Asian courses in Japanese, two taken abroad and one studies minor taken on campus. Participation in the offcampus Associated Colleges in China Program or the 1. Five courses, as follows: two civilization ACM program in Japan is also strongly recom courses, EALC 140 and 150; one literature mended (see pages 283, 285). course from EALC 260, 265, 340, 350, or Parallel with language study, EALC majors 520; one religious studies course from must take course work in the history, literature, EALC 210, 220, 230, 320, or 510; one con and religions of the area that illuminates its temporary history course, EALC 410 or larger cultural context. They are thus required 420 or the equivalent to take a minimum of five nonlanguage 2. one additional course from the above list courses, including the East Asian Civilization 3. one independent study in area of interest sequence EALC 140 and 150, two courses 4. C average in the minor from the literary offerings EALC 260, 265, 340,

1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; 4on leave Terms I, II, III

82 EAST ASIAN LANgUAgES AND CULTURES

Advanced placement EALC 202 (12) Intermediate Chinese I Students who have studied Chinese or Intermediatelevel Chinese with further practice Japanese in high school should consult with in conversational fluency and exposure to the department chair in order to ensure their more difficult levels of reading and writing. proper placement in language classes. Five class meetings per week. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 20 Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and Foreign study Cultures 201 opportunities exist to study in both Chinese EALC 203 and Japanesespeaking areas through a long Intermediate Chinese II established ACM program in Tokyo and through Continued intermediatelevel work in Chinese. the Associated Colleges in China Program in Focus on developing more sustained use of Beijing in the People’s Republic of China (see Mandarin Chinese in conversation, reading, offCampus Programs, page 277). and writing. Five class meetings per week. 6 units. Chinese language courses Enrollment limit: 20 Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and EALC 101 Cultures 202 Beginning Chinese I An introduction to elementary Mandarin EALC 301 Chinese. Emphasis on the acquisition of basic Advanced Intermediate Chinese language skills of listening, speaking, reading, An advanced Chinese course for students who and writing, with discussions to practice want to develop their language skills. Extensive pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary. use of contemporary print and media materials Five class meetings per week. 6 units. to emphasize written as well as oral proficiency Enrollment limit: 20 while providing students with a basic cultural understanding of today’s China. 6 units. EALC 102 Enrollment limit: 20 Beginning Chinese II Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and A continuation of EALC 101 with further Cultures 203 or consent of instructor practice in basic language skills. Five class meetings per week. 6 units. EALC 325 Enrollment limit: 20 Destination China Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and A required course for students who plan to Cultures 101 study in China on the Associated Colleges in China (ACC) Program or an equivalent EALC 201 program. Students will be asked to participate Beginning Intermediate Chinese in weekly meetings on various topics related A course to help students attain minimal to contemporary China. 2 units. fluency in conversational Chinese and begin to read and write beyond the elementary level. Five class meetings per week. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 20 Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and Cultures 102 83 EAST ASIAN LANgUAgES AND CULTURES

EALC 401 EALC 112 Advanced Communicative Chinese Beginning Japanese II An advanced course, taught in Chinese, A continuation of EALC 111 with further designed to strengthen the language proficiency practice in basic language skills. Five class of upperlevel students, especially those return meetings per week. 6 units. ing from studying abroad in the Associated Enrollment limit: 20 Colleges in China program. Students gain intensive practice in all communicative skills Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and through extensive oral discussion, preparation Cultures 111 of written reports on various social topics, and exposure to current academic essays, short EALC 122 stories, and films. 6 units. Accelerated Japanese I and II A oneterm course designed to cover the Enrollment limit: 20 basics of all four skills. Intended for students Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and with some high school Japanese. 6 units. Cultures 301 and consent of the instructor Enrollment limit: 20 EALC 402 Prerequisites: High school Japanese, placement Advanced Readings in Chinese test, and consent of instructor An advanced course in Chinese that introduces students to texts in classical and documentary EALC 211 style. During the first half of the course students Beginning Intermediate Japanese review the basic grammar and vocabulary of A course to help students attain minimal classical Chinese through short readings in proficiency in conversational Japanese and traditional classical texts. The second half builds begin to read and write beyond the elementary upon this base to introduce students to level. Five class meetings per week. 6 units. contemporary readings in newspapers and Enrollment limit: 20 documents, which draw heavily upon classical Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and elements. 6 units. Cultures 112 Enrollment limit: 20 EALC 212 Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and Intermediate Japanese I Cultures 203 or consent of the instructor Intermediatelevel Japanese with further practice in conversational fluency and exposure to more Japanese language courses difficult levels of reading and writing. Five class meetings per week. 6 units. EALC 111 Enrollment limit: 20 Beginning Japanese I Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and An introduction to beginning Japanese. Cultures 211 or consent of instructor Emphasis on the acquisition of basic language skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writ EALC 213 ing, with discussions to practice pronunciation, Intermediate Japanese II grammar, and vocabulary. Five class meetings Intermediatelevel Japanese with further practice per week. 6 units. in all four skills. A continuation of EALC 212. Enrollment limit: 20 Five class meetings per week. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 20 Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and Cultures 212 or consent of instructor

84 EALC 411 EAST ASIAN LANgUAgES AND CULTURES

Advanced Communicative Japanese Buddhism An advanced course taught in Japanese A study of the development of Buddhist designed to strengthen the language proficiency thought, focusing on both the Theravada and of upperlevel students, especially those return Mahayana traditions. Attention to the evolu ing from studying in Japan. 6 units. tion of key religious and philosophical ideas Enrollment limit: 20 and their impact on Buddhist practices and institutions from India to Eastern Asia. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor Readings include selections from the Tripitaka, or canonical works, as well as allied literary Cultural courses and philosophical works. 6 units. Also listed as Religious Studies 220 EALC 140 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Traditional East Asian Civilization East Asian Languages and Cultures 140 or 210 An introductory survey of East Asia from the recommended dawn of indigenous civilization to the 16th century. Focus on the growth of a Sinitic EALC 230 center and its interaction with the sedentary Taoism and Confucianism and nomadic peoples on its Inner Asian and An exploration of the development of Taoism Pacific rims. Emphasis on the diverse peoples and Confucianism, the dominant religious and and societies of the area and the historical pro intellectual traditions of China. Focus on literary cesses that bound them together through a and philosophical texts, including such classics common tradition. 6 units. as the Dao De Jing and Analects, to discern the Also listed as History 160 beliefs, and thus the larger world views or perspectives, of each tradition. 6 units. EALC 150 Also listed as Religious Studies 230 Modern East Asian Civilization An introductory survey of the modern history Prerequisite: Sophomore standing of East Asia, examining the efforts of tradition East Asian Languages and Cultures 140 or al states, particularly China and Japan, to 210 recommended respond to Western intrusion into the region after 1600. Focus on social and cultural EALC 260 problems created by attempts to modernize yet East Asian Classics in Translation defend tradition and on the differing results of An introductory Asian humanities survey of Chinese and Japanese approaches. 6 units. selected primary texts in English translation Also listed as History 165 from the traditional periods of China and Japan, beginning around 600 B.C. through EALC 210 the contemporary period of the Cultural East Asian Religious Traditions Revolution [196676] and its aftermath and A survey of the major religious traditions of ending with a contemporary novel from Japan. China and Japan (ancient Chinese spirit As in Freshman Studies, readings include works worship, Taoism, Confucianism, Shinto, and of literature, history, and religion to acquaint Buddhism). Attention centers on the religious students with basic themes and concerns of a experience, patterns of ritual, world views, major civilization. 6 units. philosophy, and ethical insights of the traditions. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing 6 units. East Asian Languages and Cultures 140 Also listed as Religious Studies 200 recommended.

EALC 220 EALC 265 85 EAST ASIAN LANgUAgES AND CULTURES

Introduction to Japanese Language and Prerequisite: government 110 or consent Culture of instructor A survey introducing major characteristics of Japanese language with reference to the structure EALC 340 of Japanese society and familiarizing students Classical Chinese Poetry in Translation with various aspects of traditional Japanese An introduction to different genres of classical culture as well as values and important issues Chinese poetry from the Shi Jing (Book of in contemporary Japanese society. 6 units. Poetry) ca. 1000 B.C. to 12th century Song Dynasty lyrics. Emphasis on a close reading EALC 270 and analysis of the original poetic texts by way Southeast Asian Politics of wordbyword annotations, attention to This course serves as an introduction to the prosodic rules for each genre, and discussion politics of Southeast Asia, a region of substantial of the translators’ renditions. Knowledge of cultural, religious, ethnic, and political diversity. Chinese not required. 6 units. Through an examination of particular states in East Asian Languages and Cultures 140 the region, this course addresses issues of nation recommended state formation and national identity, political Offered in 2004-05 institutions and legacies, economic development, and regional interstate cooperation. 6 units. EALC 350 Also listed as government 265 Modern Chinese Literature and Cinema Prerequisite: government 110 or consent in Translation of instructor A survey of 20thcentury Chinese fiction and cinema. Iconoclastic works of modern Chinese EALC 320 vernacular fiction from 1919 through the Readings in Asian Religious Texts postCultural Revolution (19661976) will Close reading (in translation) and discussion be juxtaposed alongside films dealing with the of major primary texts from Asian religious same period, such as Yellow Earth (1984) and traditions. Texts include selections from Farewell, My Concubine (1992) made by the Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism socalled Fifth generation of film directors in India, Tibet, China, and Japan. The course (born after 1949, when the People’s Republic emphasizes analysis of each text as a means to was founded). Class conducted in English. No a more detailed understanding of the larger knowledge of Chinese required. 6 units. tradition. 6 units. East Asian Languages and Cultures 150 Also listed as Religious Studies 320 recommended Prerequisites: Religious Studies 200 or 210 or consent of instructor EALC 365 Modern Japanese History, 1868-2000 EALC 335 A discussion course on modern Japanese Political Economy of East Asia history from the Meiji Restoration of 1868 This course examines the policies and politics to the present. This course focuses on Japanese associated with the emergence and continued efforts to build a new, westernized state and dynamism of the East Asian economies. The society compatible with Japan’s traditional course will cover various debates over the roles “national polity” and to find a new role in of the state, culture, and market institutions in modern East Asia and the world. 6 units. explaining the region’s rapid economic devel Also listed as History 365 opment and the viability of current develop Prerequisite: History 165 ment models in a global economy. 6 units. Also listed as government 335 EALC 410 86 EAST ASIAN LANgUAgES AND CULTURES

Chinese Politics and Society Seminar in Chinese Literature A historical study of salient aspects of Chinese An introduction to some of China’s greatest society and politics, including Marxism literary texts of a single genre, period, author, LeninismMaoism, the development of the or theme. Issues addressed include gender Chinese Revolution, revolutionary transforma relations, responses to traditional roles, and the tion of Chinese society, patterns of political development of fiction in China. Knowledge conflict, the goals of public policy, and the of Chinese not required. 6 units. Advanced major problems in China’s political modern students of Chinese language may take con ization. 6 units. currently EALC 190, for three units, and work Also listed as government 240 with the instructor to read excerpts in the original Chinese. East Asian Languages and Cultures 150 or government 110 recommended Topic for 2003-04: Dream of the Red Chamber

EALC 420 EALC 190, 390, 590, 690 Contemporary China Tutorial Studies in East Asian A discussion course on selected issues in the Languages and Cultures social and cultural history of modern China. Individualized advanced study under regular Literature, films, documents, and historical staff direction on topics not covered in lower studies are examined to explore the intimate level courses. Variable credit. side of personal, family, and social life and the Prerequisite: Appropriate prior courses and nature and impact of social and cultural chang consent of instructor directing the study es in 20thcentury China. 6 units. Also listed as History 360 EALC 195, 395, 595, 695 Internship in Chinese Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent An opportunity for students to apply their of instructor Chinese language skills in business, government, East Asian Languages and Cultures 150 and the nonprofit sector on the regional, (also listed as History 165) recommended national, and international levels. Arranged in collaboration with and supervised by a member EALC 510 of the department. Includes discussion, report, Seminar on Zen Buddhism and/or portfolio. Advance consultation and Zen Buddhism is perhaps the most widely application required. 3 units, repeatable for up known form of Buddhism in the West — and to 6 units. also the most widely misunderstood. This Prerequisite: Study abroad at the thirdyear course provides a detailed look at the history level or East Asian Languages and Cultures 401 and doctrines of Zen Buddhism in China and and 402 Japan. Combining the use of original source materials (in translation) with an emphasis on Offered on demand intellectual history, the course covers specific doctrines that have differentiated the major EALC 199, 399, 599, 699 schools of Zen. 6 units. Independent Study in East Asian Languages and Cultures Also listed as Religious Studies 510 Individualized advanced research under staff Prerequisite: Religious Studies 220 or consent guidance to prepare a substantial paper, usually of instructor for submission for honors (see Honors at graduation, page 303). Variable credit. EALC 520 Prerequisites: Junior standing and consent of instructor guiding the work.

Recent tutorial topics in East87 EAST ASIAN LANgUAgES AND CULTURES

Asian languages and cultures

The Chinese Novel Dream of the Red Chamber Topics in Chinese Linguistics Advanced Communicative Chinese Elites in Modern Vietnamese History Readings in Chinese Buddhism Contemporary Fiction

88 Economics

Professors: Dana (emeritus), Finkler (chair) be computed from economics courses and Associate professor: Alger from required mathematics courses. Assistant professors: Higgins, Nagase * Students who take UNIC 250 and UNIC 251: Lecturer: Raunio Self-Interest and Social Behavior (page 000) can count that pair of courses as one of the five People study economics because almost all numbered 200 or higher. UNIC 251 can also be policy choices, whether public or private, taken as Economics 410. involve tradeoff evaluation — the core focus of economics. Such tradeoffs exist for managers of corporations, nonprofit organizations, gov Required for the ernmental agencies, and households. Thus, an interdisciplinary economics- understanding of economics is useful whether you want to change the world, become rich, mathematics major or just obtain a better understanding of human The economics component of the major is: behavior. 1. Economics 100 or 120 Economics applies theoretical, historical, 2. Economics 300, 320, and 380 institu tional, and quantitative approaches to the (Majors must take all three courses prior to crucial problem of how people use limited completion of the junior year. The depart resources to satisfy their wants. Students first ment must approve any exception.) acquire a basic knowledge of economic theories, 3. Any three courses numbered between 400 principles, and techniques of analysis; they then and 589, with Economics 500 and 520 proceed to the study of economic problems strongly recommended and policies. Students have ample opportunity to use computers for analyzing statistics, fore The mathematics component of the major is: casting, modeling, evaluating governmental 1. Mathematics 140, 150, 160, 207, 300, policies, and employing spreadsheets. and 310 2. Either Mathematics 435 or 445 and another Required for the mathematics course numbered 400 or above, with 400, 415, and especially 435, 440, 445, economics major or 560 recommended 3. Completion of an independent study project 1. Economics 100 or 120 that has been approved by both departments 2. Mathe matics 140 or both Mathematics 120 A major must have an advisor in each department. and 130; Mathematics 207 3. Intermediate Theory a. Economics 300 Required for the b. Economics 320 c. Economics 380 economics minor (Majors must take all three courses prior to 1. Economics 100 or 120 completion of the junior year. The depart 2. Mathematics 120 or 140 ment must approve any exception.) 3. Economics 300 and 320 4. Five additional courses numbered 200 or 4. Three more economics courses numbered higher, two of which must be numbered 200 or higher between 400 and 589* 5. C average in the minor 5. The gradepoint average for the major will

89 ECoNoMICS

Recommendations Course structure and numbering For the student intending one course Economics 120 is especially appropriate for Courses numbered in the 200s are appropriate the student who intends to take only one for any student who has had only Economics economics course. 100, and some are appropriate for students who have had only Economics 120. In contrast, For the student interested in taking more than one courses in the 500s require a background in course, especially if considering a minor in economics economic theory and mathematics. Courses Economics 100 is the appropriate starting point. numbered in the 200s are taught at a relatively basic level because they have a clear relation For the economics minor ship to programs of study in other disciplines 1. Take Mathematics 140 (preferred) or both both in the sciences and in the humanities. 120 and 130 as soon as possible. Also take Consequently, the economics department either Mathematics 207 (preferred) or strives to make these courses accessible to as Mathematics 107. many students as possible. Economics majors 2. Take Economics 100, a 200level econom and others who have taken Economics 300 ics course, and then Economics 300. or 320 may want detailed analyses of material 3. Prefer economics courses numbered above covered in 200level courses. Such students 300 to 200level courses. are encouraged to consult the economics department about tutorials. For the economics or economics-mathematics major Courses numbered 400 through 589 are 1. Take Mathematics 140 or 120 and 130 as valuable for all serious economics students but soon as possible. Mathematics 150 and 160 especially for those considering graduate study are also recommended. in economics, business, or public policy. 2. Take Economics 100, a 200level econom ics course, and then Economics 300. 3. Prefer economics courses numbered above Courses 300 to economics courses numbered below 300. Take Economics 300, 320, and 380 ECON 100 early — certainly by the end of the junior Elements of Economics: year. Microeconomic Emphasis 4. In selecting electives, students should A study of the principles, concepts, and methods attempt to take two or more courses in a of economic analysis, with a theoretical focus on related field as well as related courses in the behaviors of consumers and firms. Practical disciplines that complement economics. applications of the theories cover the free trade 5. Students preparing for a Ph.D. in economics, debate, market responses to environmental public policy, or business or those preparing damage, earnings inequality, antitrust legislation, for an M.B.A. in a quantitative field should and many other topics. Especially appropriate plan to take a number of mathematics for those who intend to take additional courses and should consult the economics economics courses. 6 units. faculty for advice. The economicsmathe matics major is particularly wellsuited for these students. 6. Economics majors anticipating a career in secondary teaching should check state certification requirements (see the education department listing on page 95).

90 ECoNoMICS

ECON 120 training, earnings inequality, and worker Elements of Economics: migration and turnover. 6 units. Macroeconomic Emphasis Prerequisite: Economics 100 or 120 A study of the principles, concepts, and methods of economic analysis, with a theoretical focus ECON 235 on the determination of national income. Economics Beyond the Straight Special attention given to governmental and Narrow ex penditure and taxation, monetary policy, An analysis of the choices, opportunities, treat inflation, and unemployment. Especially ment, and outcomes of U.S. individuals who appropriate for those who only want to are identifiably sexually oriented to others of take one economics course. 6 units. the same gender, using the tools of information economics and human capital theory. An ECON 170 economic analysis of heterosexual marriage Financial Accounting and the differing roles of men and women A study of accounting principles and procedures, provides an important benchmark. 6 units. leading to a review of financial statements and to an understanding of how accounting data Also listed as gender Studies 235 are used to control and evaluate business and Prerequisite: Economics 100 or 120, plus one economic activities. 6 units. of either Economics 230, a statistics course, or Prerequisite: Sophomore standing consent of instructor

ECON 200 ECON 240 Economic Development Government Regulation of Business Economic analysis of particular situations and An introduction to the political economy of policy questions faced by developing countries. economic regulation, which includes an analysis Topics include economic growth and inequality, of both the economic incentives of those people poverty, demographics, ruralurban transitions, being regulated and the political incentives of factor and financial markets, and trade policies. those people doing the regulating. In addition 6 units. to an overview of this field, this course focuses on developing a common case study whose Prerequisites: Economics 100 or 120, and topic changes from year to year. 6 units. sophomore standing Prerequisite: Economics 100 or consent ECON 220 of instructor Corporate Finance An analysis of financial decisions made by the ECON 250 firm. Topics include capital budgeting decisions Urban Economics under certainty and risk, financing decisions A study of the development of the urban and capital market efficiency, and dividend economy focusing on the interaction among policy and capital structure. 6 units. business, household, and governmental decisions that affect the allocation of land. Emphasis Prerequisites: Economics 100 and sophomore on applied microeconomic analysis for policy standing or consent of instructor purposes related to urban topics such as eco nomic development, housing, transportation, ECON 230 education, and the environment. 6 units. Labor Economics A survey of labor economics that covers wage Prerequisite: Economics 100 or consent determination, minimum wages, employment of instructor and welfare policies, education and onthejob

91 ECoNoMICS

ECON 270 treated, how much the treatment costs, and Public Sector Economics: who pays the bill. Particular emphasis given to Taxation Analysis the roles of insurance and various national An analysis of the effects of governmental health policies and reform proposals. 6 units. taxa tion policies on the allocation of resources Also listed as Biomedical Ethics 290 and on the distribution of income. Consider able attention to analyzing the equity and effi Prerequisite: Economics 100 or Economics ciency implications of various tax instruments. 120 or consent of instructor 6 units. ECON 300 Prerequisite: Economics 100 or consent of Microeconomic Theory instructor A study of economic organization emphasizing the processes of valuation, production, and ECON 275 distribution in the capitalistic system. Public Sector Economics: 6 units. Expenditure Analysis This course examines market deficiencies Prerequisite: Economics 100, either including externalities and public goods as well Mathematics 120 and 130 or 140 (recom as the policy responses to these deficiencies. mended), or consent of instructor Policy selection will be discussed in terms of voting behavior and public choice theory. The ECON 320 course also will address costbenefit analysis, Macroeconomic Theory governmental subsidies, and specific government An exploration of contemporary theories of programs such as Social Security. 6 units. employment, income, inflation, and stabiliza tion as regards the United States and other Prerequisite: Economics 100 industrialized countries. Emphasis on the appli cation of models to foster under standing ECON 280 of macro economic policy. 6 units. Environmental Economics An analysis of the problems associated with Prerequisite: Economics 100 or 120 market and governmental allocation of natural Economics 300 and Mathematics 120 and 130 and environmental resources. The course or 140 recommended explores the use of externalities, costbenefit analysis, and various governmental policy tools ECON 380 to analyze actual effects (efficiency and equity Econometrics implications) of environmental policies on our Statistical techniques and statistical problems economy. The course includes extensive anal applicable to economics, focusing on ordinary yses of ongoing environmental issues through a least squares regression, classical inference, and group project. 6 units. detection of and adjustment for violations of Also listed as Environmental Studies 280 classical assumptions. A research paper is a cen tral part of the course. 6 units. Prerequisite: Economics 100 or consent of instructor Prerequisites: Mathematics 207, Economics 100 or 120, plus at least one other applied ECON 290 economics course at the 200 level or higher. The Economics of Medical Care Students must be in attendance from the first An analysis of how the economic organization day of class. of medical care affects the health and well being of the population. Topics include who is

92 ECoNoMICS

ECON 400 ECON 460 Industrial Organization International Economics An analysis of behavior in industrial markets An inquiry into the historical and theoretical where firms’ revenues or costs are interdepen foundations of international trade, leading to a dent. 6 units. critical analysis of contemporary problems and Prerequisite: Economics 300 or consent policies. 6 units. of instructor Prerequisites: Economics 300 and 320 or con sent of instructor ECON 410 Game Theory and Applications ECON 480 This course develops game theory, the mathe Advanced Environmental Economics matics of interdependent individuals seeking to Course content incorporates the substantive promote their self interest, and focuses on topics raised in ECoN 280 but with more applying it within economics, political science, analytical breadth and depth. Students use biology, psychology, and philosophy. 6 units. microeconomic tools to understand the existing Prerequisites: Economics 300 and either academic literature and to address the efficient Economics 400 or University Course 250 use of natural and environmental resources. 6 units. ECON 420 Also listed as Environmental Studies 480 Monetary Theory and Policy Prerequisite: Economics 300 or consent An examination of the role of money in market of instructor economies and its influence on the performance of such economies. This course emphasizes the ECON 500 role of central banks, financial institutions, and Advanced Microeconomics global capital flows. 6 units. Advanced study of the theory of the firm, Prerequisite: Economics 320 the theory of consumer behavior, and market Offered in 2003-04 equilibrium. 6 units. Prerequisites: Economics 300 or consent ECON 430 of instructor Capital and Growth Offered in 2003-04 An examination of the determinants of long term economic growth and productivity. ECON 520 Particu lar attention given to the role of capital, Advanced Macroeconomics international competitive ness, savings, tangible A course in two parts. The first half is an analysis invest ment, and the role of public policy in all of contemporary economic models, with an such areas. 6 units. emphasis on explaining income, employment, Prerequisite: Economics 300 and 320 and inflation. The second half is a seminar on such topics as stabilization policy, disinflation, ECON 440 and forecasting. 6 units. Public Expenditure Prerequisites: Economics 300, 320, and 380 A study of governmental expenditures in the American economy and of ways to evaluate ECON 190, 390, 590, 690 their effects on economic efficiency and on Tutorial Studies in Economics the distribution of income. 6 units. Readings, discussions, and essays in economic Prerequisite: Economics 300 problems of special interest to the student. one Offered in 2003-04 or more terms may be elected. Variable credit. Prerequisites: Junior standing and consent of department 93 ECoNoMICS

ECON 199, 399, 599, 699 Recent tutorial Independent Study in Economics Advanced research on a topic of the student’s topics in economics choice, organized in consultation with an instructor. Students considering an honors Advanced Topics in Economic growth project should register for this course (see Investment Theory and Portfolio Analysis Honors at graduation, page 303). Variable East Asian Economic Development credit. Topics in Health Care Policy Entrepreneurship The Economics of Information The Economics of the Firm Evolution of Economic Thought Applied Welfare Economics

94 Education

Associate professor: Purkey (chair) Students who wish to qualify for a Assistant professor: WalterBailey profes sional teaching career must plan their Instructors: Engman, Marinac work with major department advisors and the Lecturer: Wiese chair of the education department. Students who enter Lawrence knowing that they want to become certified to teach can easily do so Certification for undergraduates within the fouryear undergraduate program. Before student teaching, which occurs in the While Lawrence does not offer a major in senior year (or in a 13th term), students must education, the education department intro obtain permission to student teach from duces students to the study of education as Lawrence’s Committee on Teacher Education. an academic discipline and prepares students A few academic subjects (English, for profes sionally to become licensed teachers in example) permit a “minor” for certification the public schools. purposes, thereby affording the student both The department also offers tutorial and major and minor teaching opportunities in the independentstudy opportunities for students schools. No more than 42 units in education interested in education policy, history of edu courses can be included in the university’s cation, educational anthropology and psychol 216unit graduation requirement. ogy, and the practical application of education generally, all education courses except method ology. Education 180 require sophomore standing. Students who seek certification to teach Education 180 and 340 normally should be at the secondary level (middle and senior high, taken in different years. Education 560, methods grades 612) may choose from nearly all majors, of teaching a particular subject, should be taken including studio art, languages (Latin, English, during the Term III that precedes student Chinese, Japanese, French, german, Russian, teaching. Education 550 and 650 should be and Spanish), the social sciences, history, the taken during the term of student teaching. natural sciences, mathematics, mathematics For Wisconsin certification, social science computer science, computer science, theatre majors need to take Conservation and and drama, philosophy, religious studies, English Cooperatives, which are adjuncts to 560; as a second language, and environmental science. natural science majors are required to include For certification in social studies and the Conservation in the professional sequence. natural sciences, students may elect a single Student teaching assignments for public and discipline as their major — for example, history private school semesters are contracted with or chemistry — and also pursue an interdisci local Fox Valley schools or the Associated plinary “broad fields” course of study. Colleges of the Midwest (ACM) Urban Students who want to teach art receive Education program in Chicago (see department specialfield certification for teaching grades chair for information about the latter option). K12. Certification to teach music — choral A 13th term of student teaching, tuition 612, general K12, or instrumental K12 — free ($675 fee), is available for Lawrence is also available through the conservatory and undergraduates who have completed all gradu education department. In all subject areas, cer ation requirements except the student teaching tification normally requires a minimum of ten cluster of courses and wish to be certified. Ask courses in the student’s chosen major. Specific the department chair for details and for require ments are given under Major Subject informa tion on additional requirements. This Area Requirements, below. term must immediately follow the 12th term.

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Certification for graduates Courses

For special (nondegreeseeking) students who EDUC 180 have graduated from college, a separate tuition Psychology of Learning and fee schedule is in effect for the certification An investigation of how people learn. Emphasis program at Lawrence. on examining modern learning principles and Tuition for education courses required for theories (e.g., behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, certification outside the degreeseeking student constructivist) and their implications for the program is set at 75 percent of the current educational process in schools. The nature and year’s tuition rate. A separate fee of $1,400 is design of formal learning environments con charged for the studentteaching portion of ducive to the emotional growth and cognitive the program, for which the student earns 18 development of children and adolescents will units of credit. be considered. Approaches to instruction that Tuition for Lawrence graduates partici promote meaningful learning and deep under pating in this program is set at 50 percent of standing will be explored. Practicum of 25 the current year’s tuition rate, and the student hours required. 6 units. teaching fee is adjusted by 50 percent to $700.

Required education courses for elementary art certification and for certification in all other academic areas at the middle, junior, and senior high school levels (See additional course requirements on page 99)

Education 180 (a) (b) Education 550 (a) (b) Psychology of Learning 6 4 Reading in School Content Areas 3 3

Education 310 Education 560 Cognitive Diversity in Methods in Middle Education 6 4 and Secondary Teaching 6 4

Education 340 Education 650 Social Foundations Student Teaching. 18 12 of Education 6 4 Art 580 Education 350 † Art in the Elementary School 6 4 Multicultural Education 6 4 Art 582 Education 413 † Art in the Secondary School 6 4 Reading and Language Arts 3 3 (a) = Lawrence course credit, in units (b) = Certification semester hours

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EDUC 210 leisure activities; and procedures for promoting Applied Psychology: Peer Education positive social interactions among people with Applied work in community psychology, diverse learning and behavioral characteristics. carried out in conjunction with Counseling The course will investigate relevant litigation, Services, in preparation toward becoming a legislation, philosophies of service delivery, and Peer Educator. Focus is on learning strategies significant historical events and trends in the for assessing and developing community, group school arrangements for students with disabili process, and communication. Students investigate ties. Practicum of 25 hours required. 6 units. topics such as interpersonal decisionmaking, Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent of sexual assault, and substance abuse. Through instructor assigned readings, class discussions, presentations, and guest speakers, students will develop inter EDUC 340 personal facilitation skills, learn aspects of com Social Foundations of Education munity and campus culture, and collaborate in An examination of the social foundations of the planning of educational programs. 3 units. education in the United States with particular Also listed as Psychology 210 attention paid to the cultural, political, and Enrollment limit: 10 economic functions of education in modern society and to the relationship between school EDUC 260 and students’ families and communities. The Second Language Acquisition and reproductive function of schooling in a society Language Teaching divided along lines of race/ethnicity and class, Study of language learning and teaching from and schools as sites of cultural production will both a theoretical and a practical perspective. also be explored. other topics discussed This course provides an overview of the history include the effects of class, gender, and ethnicity of language teaching in the United States and on educational achievement and attainment current practices, with an emphasis on the and the historical tension in the U.S. between relationship between theory and practice. “equality” and “excellence” in education. Readings, discussions, and practical application Practicum of 25 hours required. 6 units. through the design of minilessons. Taught in Prerequisite: Sophomore standing English. 6 units. Also listed as Linguistics 260 EDUC 350 Multicultural Education Prerequisite: Four terms of a foreign language A study of the experience of children and or the equivalent adolescents from different ethnic, cultural, eco nomic, and gender groups. Emphasis on EDUC 310 understanding the social consequences of these Cognitive Diversity in Education differences and how such differences affect This course will explore various exceptionalities students’ learning and educational opportunity. (e.g., learning, behavioral, and emotional) and The sources and educational effects of racism, the ways in which ethnicity, social class, and sexism, and other forms of prejudice and gender affect students with these exceptionalities. discrimina tion will also be examined. Topics covered will also include societal obstacles Practicum of 25 hours required. 6 units. confronted by individuals with disabilities; increased inclusion in educational, social, and Prerequisite: Sophomore standing

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EDUC 360 EDUC 550 Schooling and the Construction of Identity Reading in School Content Areas As individuals, we all have multiple identities, A seminar on developmental reading issues and or ways we view ourselves. We also have the adolescent. Taken while student teaching. multiple collective or group identities. This Practicum required. 3 units. course will explore the various ways adolescents Prerequisite: Consent of instructor construct their own identities, and have those identities imposed upon them, around issues EDUC 560 such as social class, gender, sexual orientation, Methods in Middle and Secondary religion, and ethnicity. Emphasis will be on the Teaching role of schools in the construction of identity. A seminar on methods and organization of Course readings will include ethnographies of teaching particular subjects in the middle and schooling that deal with issues of diversity. secondary school, including English, foreign 6 units. language, social studies, mathematics, science, Prerequisite: Sophomore standing and theatre. Practicum of 25 hours required. 6 units. EDUC 400 Prerequisite: Consent of instructor The Environment, Community, and Education EDUC 650 A study of education, the creation and mainte Student Teaching (Middle and nance of community, and the development of Secondary Schools) ecological intelligence. Emphasis on how Student teaching is normally taken during schools respond to their surroundings, the Term I, coinciding with the public school fall extent to which modern forms of education semester. A weekly seminar at Lawrence is “fit” students to live in local communities, and required as part of this course. See department the idea of community as a sense of place. chair for prereq uisites and for exceptions to Emphasis will also be placed on cultural the Term I requirement. 18 units. May be assumptions about the environment implicit taken S/U only. within the curriculum, the effect of schooling on students’ understanding of and relationship Prerequisite: Senior standing and consent to the environment, and the role of education of instructor in promoting ecological and social sustainability. 6 units. EDUC 190, 390, 590, 690 Tutorial Studies in Education Also listed as Environmental Studies 460 Tutorial studies in the fields of education policy, Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent history of education, and educational anthro of instructor pology and on various societal and personal topics in which education plays a pragmatic EDUC 413 role. Variable credit. Reading and Language Arts A seminar on teaching reading and language EDUC 199, 399, 599, 699 arts, with an emphasis on developing students’ Independent Study in Education writing, speaking, and listening skills. 3 units. Advanced study arranged in consultation with the department. Students considering a senior Prerequisite: Consent of instructor honors project should register for this course (see Honors at graduation, page 303). Variable credit.

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General requirements, all Major subject subject areas area requirements

In addition to the required education courses, Art all students seeking certification must complete A major consists of the 11 courses required for a major (or its equivalent) in the subject they a studio art major, including Art 230 and Art plan to teach. To receive a minor endorsement, 270, plus Art 580, Art 582, and student teaching students must complete a departmentapproved (18 units). Art 580 and 582 are offered in minor or seven courses in the discipline. As of different terms. Both elementary and secondary Term I, 2004, students seeking licensure must levels are handled in a single term of student complete the new Lawrence University teaching. A declaration of intent to student general Education Requirements, including a teach must be made by the end of the sopho course in a nonWestern history or culture, a more year. Student teaching is always done in course in a physical science, and a course in a a 13th term. biological or life science. (Students seeking licensure prior to 2004 should consult the English education department chair.) Students who want to become licensed A major consists of a minimum of ten courses, must be admitted to Lawrence’s teacher educa including Freshman Studies. In addition to tion program. Please see the department chair demon strating a familiarity with contemporary or the department’s administrative assistant for literature of world scope, students must submit the application form and list of requirements. evidence of course work in advanced composi Students seeking licensure should consult the tion (English 350, 360, 370, or a comparable Teacher Certification at Lawrence University hand course), linguistics or history of the English book for further information and requirements. language, literature for adolescents, and literature Before student teaching, candidates for of minority groups in America. certification must take and pass a PreProfessional Adolescent literature may be fulfilled by Skills Test involving reading, writing, and taking 3 units of tutorial study in education mathematics. Beginning in 2004, students (Education 190, 390, 590, 690) devoted to liter seeking licensure in Wisconsin must pass a ature for adolescents. A minor in English should statedesigned test in their subject area. A passing include the areas of study outlined above. score on this contentarea test is required for program completion and certification for English as a second language licensure. A minor endorsement is available. Students Students should also be aware that certifi may add ESL certification to certification in cation requirements are subject to revision. any of the other majors. The following four New state requirements, some of which are courses are required: Linguistics 105 or 150 reflected in this catalog, will apply to students and three courses taken during a summer term who will be applying for licensure in 2004. at the Urban Education Program (Theoretical It is the student’s responsibility to confirm Foundations of Teaching ESL, Methods and requirements with the chair of the education Materials for Teaching ESL, and Assessment – Oral department. and Literacy Skills Development). Anthropology 330 is recommended. Student teaching in ESL and in the major discipline may be done at Lawrence in the Fox Valley or through the Urban Education Program in Chicago.

99 EDUCATIoN

Foreign languages chair for further information. Biology A major consists of ten courses, plus A major in classics, French, german, Spanish, courses in other science subjects. or Russian consists of ten courses. Seven courses make up the minor option except in Russian, Chemistry A major consists of ten courses, in which there is no minor. occasionally, plus courses in other science subjects. Lawrence University course credit, for certifi cation only, is granted for secondaryschool Earth science A major consists of ten courses, work in languages. If the language department including astronomy and oceanography, plus offers a course such as the Cours Pratique in courses in other science subjects. French, it is usually considered a certification requirement, as are courses stressing aspects of Physics A major consists of ten courses, plus linguistics. It is recommended that students courses in other science subjects. spend a term in a country studying its native language. Broad fields science Sixteen courses, Mathematics-computer science; including four courses in each of two of the computer science following: biology, chemistry, earth science, and physics, and two each in the remaining two A major consists of ten courses. sciences, plus three courses from among biology, chemistry, earth science, physics, history of Mathematics science, and philosophy of science, plus two A major consists of ten courses; a minor is courses in mathematics. (Note: This license available. category will be revised in Wisconsin effective in 2004.) Music Environmental science See page 240 for requirements. A major consists of ten courses, plus courses in Philosophy the other science subjects; a minor is available. Students must take Education/Environmental A major consists of ten courses; a minor is Studies 400 and should fulfill the sciencetrack available. requirements of the environmental studies major. Religious studies A major consists of ten courses; a minor is Social studies available. Note: occasionally, courses in one social studies area may count in other areas as part of the Natural sciences tencourse certification sequence. Beginning in 2004, natural science and environmental science license categories in Beginning in 2004, all social science licenses in Wisconsin will be revised. Students will be Wisconsin will be grouped within the broad licensed in physical science (chemistry and/or category of social studies. Students should physics), earth and space science (geology), or complete a Lawrence major in any social science, life and environmental science (biology and/ including history (but not anthropology), and or environmental science). Students should take six courses distributed over at least three complete other social sciences. a Lawrence major in one science (e.g., biology) and take at least one course from each of the other two sciences. Please see the department

100 EDUCATIoN

psychology, plus six courses distributed over Anthropology A major consists of ten two of the other subjects; Plan II – seven courses; a minor is available. (Note: Wisconsin courses in one of the listed disciplines and ten will not offer licensure in anthropology as of courses distributed over three of the remaining 2004.) subjects. Instruction in consumer cooperatives and conser vation is incorporated into the Economics A major consists of ten courses; methodology course Education 560. (Note: a minor is available. This license category will be revised in Wisconsin effective in 2004.) History A major consists of ten courses. A minor consists of seven, including work in Theatre and drama early and late European development and A major consists of ten courses, a minor seven. American, Russian, Asian, and Latin American Each should include work in the principles history. and application of the many facets of drama performance and production. Political science A major consists of ten courses; a minor is available. Recent tutorial topics Psychology A major consists of ten courses, includ ing courses on the history of psychology in education and social psychology; a minor is available. Educational Psychology: Motivation and Achievement Broad field social studies Until 2004, students Feminist Theory and Education may choose one of the following plans: Plan I Education and the Environment – ten courses in one of the following subject Comparative Education: Japan and the U.S. areas: anthropology, economics, geology (certain Educational Policy courses only), history, political science, and Sociology of Sport: Athletics and Secondary Education

101 English

Professors: Dintenfass, Fritzell, goldgar, Required for the English major Rosenberg (dean of the faculty) 3 Associate professor: Spurgin (chair) Six courses in English, distributed as follows: 1 Assistant professors: Bloom, Hoffmann , Hollis 1. Two courses from the following introductory Lecturer: Shippen and intermediate group: English 150, 230, 240, 250 The core of the department’s curriculum is 2. one course from the following group: literary history, the study of the acknowledged English 420, 425, 430, 435, 440, 445, 450 masterpieces of British and American prose 3. one course from the following group: and poetry. Closely related to that core are English 455, 460, 465, 470, 475 courses in the English language; courses in 4. one course from the following group: composition and the writing of fiction and English 480, 485, 490, 495 verse; and courses in special forms of literature 5. one additional course in English — satire, for example. Also available to upper 6. C average in the minor class students are tutorials and independent study with faculty members whose interests cover a wide range of topics. Note: Tutorials Graduate school and independent study require both an instructor’s consent and a 3.25 gPA; the latter Students considering graduate work in English may be waived at the instructor’s discretion. are advised that, for the master’s degree, most graduate schools require demonstrated profi ciency in at least one modern foreign language, Required for the English major normally French or german. For the doctor’s degree, the usual requirement is demonstrated 1. English 150 or its equivalent proficiency in two modern foreign languages, 2. Eight courses beyond English 150, as follows: normally French and german, and, in some a. Two courses from the following interme cases, Latin. College work leading toward diate group: English 230, 240, and 250 graduate study should be planned with these b. one course in Shakespeare, normally requirements in mind. English 425 c. Two courses from group (i) and one each from groups (ii) and (iii): Certification for secondary i. English 420, 430, 435, 440, 445, 450 teaching in English ii. English 455,460, 465, 470, 475 iii. English 480, 485, 490, 495 Students preparing to teach English in secondary d. one additional course in English schools should bear in mind that they must have from 30 to 40 semester hours of preparation in English for certification. Freshman Studies and Literary Analysis (English 150) count toward certification. Requirements for the major satisfy 1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; require ments for certification in Wisconsin, 4on leave Terms I, II, III except that the student seeking certification must satisfactorily complete at least one course in advanced composition (e.g., English 350,

102 ENgLISH

360, or 370); at least one course in linguistics ENG 150 or the English language (e.g., Linguistics 105 Literary Analysis or 150); and either English 260 or 500 or a An introduction to the techniques of literary tutorial in the literatures of minority groups analysis through the detailed study of in America. indiv idual texts. 6 units. (Please refer to the education department Enrollment limit: 25 per section listing in this section of this catalog, page 95, for more detailed information on preparation ENG 230 for teacher certification.) Major British Writers I Intensive study of five or six major British authors from Chaucer to Swift. Emphasis on Departmental advisors close reading and critical writing. 6 units. When students officially declare themselves Enrollment limit: 30 English majors, they should choose a depart Prerequisite: English 150 or its equivalent or mental advisor who will be responsible for sophomore standing guiding them in planning and completing their major course of study. Questions about the ENG 240 advising of English majors should be addressed Major British Writers II to the department chair. Intensive study of five or six major British authors from Wordsworth to yeats. Emphasis on close reading and critical writing. 6 units. Advanced placement Enrollment limit: 30 All students who have earned a 4 or better in Prerequi site: English 150 or its equivalent or the Advanced Placement Examinations in sophomore standing English of the College Entrance Examination Board will be given credit for one course in ENG 250 English. Those who have earned a 4 or 5 in Major American Writers the examination in literature also will be given Intensive study of major American authors advanced placement in courses at the inter from Cooper to Wallace Stevens. Emphasis on mediate level (English 230, 240, 250). Questions close reading and critical writing. 6 units. about exemption and placement should be Enrollment limit: 30 addressed to the department chair. Prerequisite: English 150 or its equivalent or sophomore standing

Courses ENG 260 Survey of African American Literature ENG 100 A survey of African American literature from Expository Writing slave narratives through contemporary literature. A study of the principles of clear and effective Readings include works by Harriet Jacobs, exposition as they apply to the needs and goals Frederick Douglass, Langston Hughes, Zora of students enrolled in the course. Extensive Neale Hurston, Richard Wright, Amiri Baraka, practice in writing and revising. 6 units Audre Lorde, and Toni Morrison. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 20 Enrollment limit: 20 Students needing assistance with the most basic Prerequisite: English 150 or its equivalent or techniques of essay writing should apply to the sophomore standing Lawrence Center for Teaching and Learning.

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ENG 350 ENG 430 Literary Composition: Non-Fiction Renaissance Literature Practice in writing nonfictional prose. 6 units. A study of selected poetry, prose, and drama in Enroll ment limit: 18 relation to Renaissance thought and literary art. Emphasis on the poetry of Sidney, Spenser, Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent of Shakespeare, Marlowe, and Ben Jonson. 6 units. instructor Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 230, or ENG 360 consent of instructor Literary Composition: Fiction Practice in the writing of short fiction. 6 units. ENG 435 Renaissance Drama Enroll ment limit: 18 A study of eight to ten plays from the early Prerequisite: Consent of instructor modern period. Readings drawn from Beaumont, Jonson, Fletcher, Ford, Marston, ENG 370 Middleton, and Webster. Topic will vary. 6 units. Literary Composition: Verse Enrollment limit: 25 Practice in the writing of poetry. 6 units. Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 230, or Enrollment limit: 18 consent of instructor Prerequisite: Consent of instructor ENG 440 ENG 400 Milton and the 17th Century Satire A study of Donne and the metaphysical poets, A study of the theory and practice of satiric the poetry and prose of Milton, and the poetry writing. Readings in Aristophanes, Pope, Swift, of Dryden. Emphasis on Milton. 6 units. gay, Byron, Waugh, West, orwell, Heller, and Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 230, or others. 6 units. consent of instructor Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent of instructor ENG 445 Restoration and 18th-Century Comedy ENG 420 A study of English comedies as reflections of Studies in Medieval Literature changing taste and thought in the period A study of Middle English literature and 16601800. Authors include Wycherley, culture, focusing especially on the oral and Etherege, Congreve, Farquhar, Steele, Fielding, performative dimensions of literature produced goldsmith, and Sheridan. 6 units. between 1300 and 1550. 6 units. Also listed as Theatre and Drama 434 Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 230, or Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 230, or consent of instructor consent of instructor ENG 425 ENG 450 Shakespeare 18th-Century Literature An introduction to Shakespeare’s plays and A study of major works in satire, poetry, and their literary, historical, and theatrical context. fiction as reflections of 18thcentury thought 6 units. and taste. Readings in Swift, Defoe, Pope, Also listed as Theatre and Drama 432 Fielding, Samuel Johnson, and others. 6 units. Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 230, or Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 230, or consent of instructor consent of instructor

104 ENgLISH

ENG 455 ENG 475 Romanticism American Literature: The Civil War to A study of the period from 1790 to 1830, The Great Depression focusing on the development and elaboration Examination of selected prose and poetry in of what we now call romanticism. Readings relation to late 19th and early 20thcentury in the major authors of the period: Blake, thought. Readings in Twain, Dickinson, James, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Keats, Percy Stein, Eliot, Hemingway, and Faulkner. 6 units. Shelley, and Mary Shelley. 6 units. Prerequis Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 240, or ite: Junior standing, English 250, or consent of consent of instructor instructor

ENG 460 ENG 480 The Victorian Age Modern British Fiction A study of the period from 1830 to 1900, A study of selected works of British fiction focusing on poetry, fiction, and critical prose. in relation to early 20thcentury thought. Readings range widely, including selections Authors include Conrad, Lawrence, Joyce, from Carlyle, Tennyson, the Brownings, the Mansfield, Forster, Woolf, and others. 6 units. Rossettis, and oscar Wilde. 6 units. Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 240, or Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 240, or consent of instructor. consent of instructor ENG 485 ENG 465 Modern Poetry The English Novel Consideration of principal tendencies in 20th A study of English fiction from 1740 to 1900. century poetry as illustrated in the work of Readings include novels by Richardson, Sterne, representative authors, including yeats, Eliot, Austen, Dickens, Eliot, and Hardy. 6 units. H. D., Stevens, Williams, Moore, and others. Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 240, or 6 units. consent of instructor Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 240, or consent of instructor ENG 470 American Literature to the Civil War ENG 490 A study of the ways early writers of America Modern Drama attempted to adapt “old World” forms and Studies in some of the major playwrights in styles to the “New World” — as they sought Europe, England, and America from the time initially to compose and sustain themselves of Ibsen to the present. 6 units. and gradually to constitute the United States of America in literary terms. Selected readings Also listed as Theatre and Drama 440 from the 17th and 18th centuries, followed Prerequisite: Junior standing, an intermediate by readings in Emerson, Poe, Hawthorne, course in English, or consent of instructor and Melville. 6 units. Prerequi site: Junior standing, English 230, or ENG 495 consent of instructor Modern American Fiction Studies in major American writers from the 1920s to the 1960s. 6 units. Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 250, or consent of instructor

105 ENgLISH

ENG 500 Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 250 or 260, Contemporary American Fiction or consent of instructor A study of selected American novels and short stories from the 1960s to the present. Readings ENG 515 include the work of Marilynne Robinson, Selected Studies in Gender and British/ Raymond Carver, Louise Erdrich, Toni American Literature Morrison, Tim o’Brien, Lorrie Moore, and A study focused on questions of gender in Julia Alvarez. 6 units. relation to a specific literary movement, genre, Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 250, or or topic in British and American literature. consent of instructor The topic will vary from year to year. Possible topics include gender and the Literature of ENG 505 War , gender and Modernist Literature, gender Contemporary American and and Autobiography. 6 units. British Poetry Also listed as gender Studies 445 Examination of selected works by postwar Prerequisite: Junior standing, an intermediate American and British poets, considering both course in English, or consent of instructor their responses to poetic tradition and their individual voices and visions. Authors include ENG 520 Ammons, Ashbery, Dove, graham, Heaney, Seminar in Literary Criticism Mahon, Merrill, and Simic. 6 units. A seminar on the history of literary criticism Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 240, or from Aristotle to the present day, with emphasis consent of instructor on the major critics who have written in English. 6 units. ENG 507 Prerequisite: Junior standing, an advanced Contemporary British and course in English literature, or consent Post-Colonial Fiction of instructor A survey of contemporary fiction in Britain, with an emphasis on the impact of postcolonial ENG 525 and multicultural writers and perspectives. Contemporary Critical Theory Authors may include Chinua Achebe, Angela A survey of important movements. Among the Carter, Keri Hulme, Hanif Kureishi, Patrick readings are selections by Derrida, Foucault, McCabe, V. S. Naipaul, Jean Rhys, Salman and Bakhtin as well as selections from more Rushdie, Amos Tutuola, and Irvine Welsh. recent figures, such as Judith Butler, Eve 6 units. Sedgwick, Henry Louis gates Jr., Cornel West, Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 240, or and bell hooks. 6 units. consent of instructor Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent of instructor ENG 510 Selected Studies in African American ENG 530 Literature The English Language A focused study of a genre, literary movement, A study of the historical background of or group of authors within the African American English and the sounds and structure of literary tradition. The topic will vary from year modern English. 6 units. to year. Possible topics include Literature of the Harlem Renaissance, African American Prerequisite: Linguistics 105 or 150 or consent Autobiography, Recent African American of instructor Fiction. 6 units.

106 ENgLISH

ENG 560 ENG 199, 399, 599, 699 Advanced Fiction Writing Independent Study in English A workshop for students with previous fiction Advanced study, arranged in consultation with writing experience. 6 units. the department chair. one or more terms may Prerequisite: English 360 or consent of instructor be elected. Students considering an honors project should register for this course (see ENG 565 Honors at graduation, page 303). Variable credit. Advanced Poetry Writing A workshop for students with previous poetry writing experience. 6 units. Recent tutorial topics Prerequisite: English 370 or consent in English of instructor Contemporary American Essays ENG 190, 390, 590, 690 Studies in Spenser’s Faerie Queen Tutorial Studies in English george Eliot and Feminist Criticism Tutorial study in the literature of various periods, Verse Composition English and American, and in literary forms Fiction Writing and composition. Intended primarily for juniors Nature Writing and seniors. Arrangements should be discussed with the department chair. Variable credit.

107 Environmental Studies

Faculty advisors: Bjørnerud (geology, director), of Energy, regional planning commissions, Blackwell (chemistry), Clark (geology), communitydevelopment programs, legal firms, B. De Stasio (biology), Dreher3 (philosophy), private consulting and planning firms, etc. To be Hoch (geology), Jordan (statistics), Kusimba a responsible environmental policy maker, one (anthropology), Nordell (chemistry), Nagase must have some background in the science of (economics), Peregrine2, 3 (anthropology), Purkey the environment. (education), Richards (library), Sedlock (biology), The environmental policy track has a Skran (government), Stoneking (physics) strong international emphasis, and there are opportunities to combine language studies The field of environmental studies addresses with analysis of environmental issues in coun some of the most critical and complicated tries where Lawrence has offcampus programs issues of our time: those regarding environmental — e.g., Russia, Senegal. change and the future of humanity. The systems The minor in environmental studies is that make up planet Earth are simultaneously designed to complement a major in any field. comprehensible and complex, predictable and chaotic, robust and fragile. Changes in one part of this system of systems may have farreaching Required for the environmental implications for other parts. As citizens of Earth, studies major we cannot afford to remain ignorant of the global environmental consequences of our Required core courses daily activities. 1. Environmental Studies 150: Introduction to A degree in environmental studies prepares Environmental Science students for a wide spectrum of careers, including 2. Environmental Studies 300: Symposium on environmental law, consulting, policy making, Environmental Topics technical innovation, teaching, and research. 3. Environmental Studies 650: Environmental Students in the major select one of two tracks: Studies Senior Seminar environmental science or environmental policy. 4. Mathematics 107 or 117: Elementary The tracks share a common core sequence. Statistics or Mathematics 207: Introduction Environmental science integrates the princi to Probability and Statistics ples and methods of the natural sciences 5. Field experience (not necessarily for credit) (biology, chemistry, geology, and physics) in — e.g., internship, independent study, the order to understand Earth systems and the Earth Semester at Biosphere 2 or the Semester impact of human activities on them. To be a in Environmental Science at Woods Hole, stu responsible environmental scientist, one must dent teaching in environmental science have some awareness of environmental policy issues. Environmental Policy Track Environmental policy focuses on how human 1. Economics 100: Elements of Economics: economic, social, and governmental systems Microeconomic Emphasis and Environmental influence human interactions with the envi Studies 280: Environmental Economics ronment. Programs in environmental policy government 110: Introduction to Political prepare students to work in a variety of public Science or government 320: Introduction to and privatesector settings, including the Public Policy Environmental Protection Agency, Department 2. one of the following: Environmental Studies 360: Environmental 1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; Ethics 4on leave Terms I, II, III

108 ENVIRoNMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Studies 365: Ecological 200, within one science department Anthropology 5. one Environmental Studies crosslisted Environmental Studies 460: Environment, course [may include independent study] Community, and Education Environmental Studies 270: Global Environmental Politics [or the Biosphere 2 course: Law, Politics, Economics of Global Required for the environmental Change] studies minor 3. Two of the following: Biology 110: Principles of Biology Required core courses geology 110: Introductory Geology 1. Environmental studies courses Chemistry 115: Principles of Chemistry: Environmental Studies 150: Introduction to Structure and Reactivity, Chemistry 116: Environmental Science or Biology 230: Principles of Chemistry: Energetics and General Ecology Dynamics, or Chemistry 119: Accelerated Environmental Studies 300: Symposium on General Chemistry Environmental Topics Physics 120: Foundations of Physics I or 2. Foundation courses in natural sciences Physics 150: Principles of Classical Physics Choose two of the following: 4. Environmental Studies 470: Environmental geology 110: Introductory Geology Policy, Politics, and Justice Biology 110: Introductory Biology 5. Two Environmental Studies crosslisted Chemistry 115: Principles of Chemistry: courses [may include independent study] Structure and Reactivity, Chemistry 116: Principles of Chemistry: Energetics and Environmental Science Track Dynamics, or Chemistry 119: Accelerated 1. Environmental Studies 280: Environmental General Chemistry Economics (prerequisite: Economics 100) Physics 120: Foundations of Physics I or government 320: Introduction to Public Policy Physics 150: Principles of Classical Physics 2. one of the following: 3. Foundation courses in social sciences Environmental Studies 360: Environmental Economics 100: Elements of Economics: Ethics Microeconomic Emphasis or Environmental Environmental Studies 365: Ecological Studies 280: Environmental Economics Anthropology government 320: Public Policy or Environmental Studies 460: Environment, Environmental Studies 470: Environmental Community, and Education Policy, Politics, and Justice or Environmental Environmental Studies 470: Environmental Studies 270: Global Environmental Politics Policy, Politics, and Justice or Environmental Studies 270: Global Environmental Politics Courses with significant emphasis on [or the Biosphere 2 course: Law, Politics, environmental topics Economics of Global Change] 3. Three of the following: Any two environmental studies crosslisted Biology 110: Principles of Biology courses. Environmental studies courses taken geology 110: Introductory Geology through Lawrencesponsored offcampus Chemistry 115: Principles of Chemistry: programs, such as the Semester in Environmental Structure and Reactivity, Chemistry 116: Science or Biosphere 2: Earth Semester (see Principles of Chemistry: Energetics and pages 281, 279), may also fulfill this requirement, Dynamics, or Chemistry 119: Accelerated with approval of the Environmental Studies General Chemistry Steering Committee. Physics 120: Foundations of Physics I or Special note: No more than three courses may Physics 150: Principles of Classical Physics be applied simultaneously toward completion of 4. Three additional courses, numbered above this minor and a student’s major. 109 ENVIRoNMENTAL STUDIES

Courses Subjects include orientation, feeding, locomo tion, communi cation, escape in time and space, ENST 115 biological rhythms, mate choice, and aspects of Energy Technology, Society, and social behavior, examined from evolu tionary, the Environment ontogenetic, physiological, ecological, and Treats topics selected for the nonscientist who etho logical perspectives. 6 units. wants one term of physics. In 200203, this Also listed as Biology 200 course will explore the physics of energy Prerequisite: Biology 140 production, storage, and usage as they currently are practiced. Certain emerging technologies May be taken separately or as part of the will also be addressed. Environmental and Marine Biology Term socioeconomic impact will be discussed in the context of limitations imposed by the laws ENST 211 of physics. No laboratory. 6 units. Biodiversity The influence of climate on global habitats Also listed as Physics 115 is considered. Selected terrestrial life zones, Enrollment limit: 20 including neotropic, paleotropic, montane, des ert, cold temperate, and warm temperate, are ENST 150 analyzed and stresses produced by climate and Environmental Science habitat evaluated. Adaptive responses at Presents principles of biology, chemistry, and the morphological and physiological levels geology that relate to such environmental are investigated and scientific principles are issues as resource limitation, pollution, and applied to contemporary ethical issues including environmental degradation. Designed to foster restoration and conservation ecology. 6 units. understanding of scientific measures of Also listed as Biology 210 environ mental quality. Four class meetings per week, including one discussion session. 6 units. Lecture only Also listed as geology 150 Enrollment limit: 30 Enrollment limit: 60 ENST 212 Physiological Ecology ENST 205 Biological stresses induced by environmental Readings in Nature variables are described. Physiological and A course in reading and writing about the molecular responses associated with temperature natural world. Readings will be of complete extremes, drought, and nutrient and energy texts and may include such works as Wendell competition are discussed and investigated, Berry’s The Memory of Old Jack, Barry Lopez’s using both field and laboratory experience. Crossing Open Ground, and gretel Erlich’s 6 units. The Solace of Open Spaces. Discussion and anal ysis of texts will be combined with written Also listed as Biology 231 reflections upon natural, urbannatural, or Enrollment limit: 24 urban landscapes and individuals. 6 units. Prerequisite: Biology 110 Enrollment limit: 20 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing ENST 213 Evolutionary Biology ENST 210 A study of biological evolution primarily from Animal Behavior the perspectives of population and molecular A lecture and fieldstudy course examining the genetics. Topics include natural selection, prin ciples and problems of animal behavior. adaptation, the evolution of sex, speciation,

110 ENVIRoNMENTAL STUDIES extinction, constraints on evolutionary change, years ago, with emphasis on times of change and and such controversial issues as the rate of crisis. The course also examines the evolution evolution and units of selection, all discussed of ideas about Earth’s history, illustrating how from both historical and current perspectives. science and culture are inherently entangled. 6 units. 6 units. Also listed as Biology 235 Also listed as geology 210 Two lectures and one discussion per week Prerequisite: geology 110 Prerequisite: Biology 120 or 140 or consent of instructor. ENST 235 Weather, Climate, and Climate Change ENST 214 A study of basic meteorologic principles and The Vegetation of Wisconsin climate patterns. These phenomena will be The principles of plantenvironment interrela discussed in relation to evidence of past climate tionships are developed through extensive field change and implications of global warming study of Wisconsin vegetation. Emphasis is on future climate. 6 units. placed on the manner in which physical and Also listed as geology 214 biological factors influence competition, Prerequisite: geology 110 adaptation, and structure in major local habitats. 6 units. ENST 237 Also listed as Biology 250 Remote Sensing of the Environment Fundamentals of electromagnetic radiation ENST 220 and the interaction of radiation with matter General Ecology are introduced as the basis of remote sensing. An introduction to the interactions between Interpretation and manipulation of remotely organisms and the environment. Lectures and sensed images are used to demonstrate the discussions will explore the role of physical, wealth of information remote sensing provides. chemical, and biotic processes, including human Applications and case studies from geology, activities, in determining the structure and environmental science, ecology, agronomy, function of populations, communities, and and urban planning will be explored. 6 units. ecosystems. Topics will include resource avail Also listed as geology 220 ability, competition, predation, symbiosis, and natural and anthropogenic disturbances such Prerequisite: geology 110 as disease, biological invasions, pollution, and High school physics recommended climate change. 6 units. Also listed as Biology 230 ENST 240 Chemistry of the Earth: Two lectures and one discussion session per Low-Temperature Environments week A detailed introduction to properties of Enrollment limit: 30 geologically and environmentally important Prerequisites: Biology 110 and one other minerals. Emphasis is placed on mineral course in the natural sciences properties, tools of mineral identification, mineral associations, and chemical reactivity ENST 230 of minerals in earth surface and nearsurface History of the Earth and Life environments. 6 units. A study of the physical, chemical, and organic Also listed as geology 240 evolution of the Earth since its origin 4.5 billion one lab per week Prerequisites: geology 110 and Chemistry 115

111 ENVIRoNMENTAL STUDIES

Recommended for anthropology majors in the ENST 245 sophomore year Conservation Biology This course explores the scientific concepts ENST 270 related to the conservation and restoration of Global Environmental Politics the Earth’s biological diversity. Topics include An examination of the environment as an issue patterns of species and ecosystem diversity, the in world politics. Emphasis will be placed on relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem the role of both state and nonstate actors (i.e., functioning, causes of extinction, assessing the UN, Ngos) in global environmental extinction risk, behavioral indicators, in-situ and regimes that are designed to deal with global ex-situ management strategies for endangered warming, ozone depletion, and other species, and ecosystem restoration. 6 units. environmental issues. Particular attention will Also listed as Biology 245 be paid to the position taken by both developed and developing countries. As part of the course, Enrollment limit: 24 students will participate in a simulation of an Prerequisites: Biology 110 and one other international negotiation about an environ course in the natural sciences mental problem. 6 units. Also listed as government 270 ENST 250 Analytical Chemistry Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or A course in the fundamental principles of Environmental Studies 150 or government 110 quantitative analysis, stressing both chemical and instrumental techniques. Emphasis on ENST 280 application of analytical chemistry to practical Environmental Economics problems, including environmental issues, food An analysis of the problems associated with science, biochemical systems, and industrial market and government allocation of natural processes. opportunities for individually and environmental resources. The concepts designed projects. 6 units. of property rights, externalities, imperfect information, and uncertainty will be examined Also listed as Chemistry 210 in their relationship to naturalresource and Two threehour laboratories per week environmental issues. 6 units. Prerequisite: Chemistry 116 or 119 or consent Also listed as Economics 280 of instructor Prerequisite: Economics 100 or consent of instructor ENST 260 Research Methods in Archaeology ENST 300 Presents the research process in archaeology Symposium on Environmental Topics and offers an overview of essential data The heart of this course is an annual symposium collection and analysis techniques, including organized around a welldefined topic with site survey and excavation, settlement pattern both scientific and policy components —e.g., analysis, lithic analysis, and ceramic analysis. nuclear waste disposal, global warming. Each Students work with material from the Lawrence year, two or three nationally recognized University collections and take part in field experts on the selected topic are brought to research at Björklunden. 6 units. campus. In the weeks before a visit by one of Also listed as Anthropology 220 the major speakers, students, together with Enrollment limit: 15 environmental studies faculty instructors from Prerequisites: Anthropology 110 and 140 (non at least two different disciplines, read and discuss anthropology majors must have instructor’s papers suggested by the speaker. The speakers approval to register) meet with students in the seminar following 112 ENVIRoNMENTAL STUDIES their public lecture, providing students with an Also listed as government 206 opportunity to interact directly with scientists and policy makers at the forefront of environ ENST 303 mental issues. 6 units. Environmental Management Systems: Enrollment limit: 20 Locally and Globally Prerequisite: Environmental Studies 150, soph This course focuses on what Environmental omore standing Management Systems (EMS) are and how they are being developed by businesses, government ENST 301 institutions, and schools to reduce adverse Environmental Politics and the Crandon environmental impacts from their operations. Mine Controversy The course includes the actual development by the students of an EMS for a local company This course explores the theory and the actual or institution. The course also surveys how practice of how environmental policy is devel EMSs are playing major roles in the improve oped in Wisconsin and the United States. The ment of the environment in Europe, the Far prime example used is the regulation of metallic East, and the United States, including mining in Wisconsin and specifically the Wisconsin. 6 units. Crandon Mine in Forest County. The course focuses on the development of a comprehensive Also listed as government 306 mining policy in the state 20 years ago and the Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent current permitting process for the Crandon of instructor Mine. guest lecturers, involved in both past mining policy development and the current ENST 310 permitting process and representing a wide Aquatic Ecology diversity of opinions on the subject, will share The principles of the ecology of fresh waters, their perspectives on the issue. 6 units. developed through discussions, laboratory, and Also listed as government 306 field investigations of the functional relation ships and productivity of biotic communities Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent as they are affected by the dynamics of physical, of instructor chemical, and biotic parameters. 6 units. ENST 302 Also listed as Biology 330 Introduction to Environmental Law Enrollment limit: 24 This course presents an overview of the major Prerequisite: Biology 120 or 140 environmental laws of the State of Wisconsin and the United States, their interaction, and ENST 330 (34) insights into their practical application. Specific Advanced Geochemistry emphasis will be on laws related to water reg overview of the chemistry of geological pro ulations, endangered resources, air pollution, cesses in aqueous environments. Includes water quality, waste management, fish and review of thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, wildlife management, environmental impact, phase equilibria, mineral solubility, redox and forestry. It is designed to have value for reactions, and stable isotopes with geologic those aspiring to have careers in law, environ examples. 6 units. mental management and protection, or public Also listed as geology 340 policy or those individuals wishing to have a Prerequisites: geology 240 and Chemistry 115, general background in the subject. There are or consent of instructor class opportunities to interact with environ mental professionals in the private and public Chemistry 116 recommended sectors. 6 units.

113 ENVIRoNMENTAL STUDIES

ENST 335 ENST 365 Physics of the Earth: Ecological Anthropology Surface Environments A study of rela tionships between human This course studies the movement of water, communities and their natural environ ments solute, and sediment through the landscape and (i.e., humans studied as members of ecosystems). the resulting properties and distribution of Topics include the interactions between surficial earth materials and landforms. Topics environ ment, human biology, and social include climate; weathering; soil development; organiza tion and anthropological perspectives runoff; mass movement; river, glacial, and on global environ mental problems such as coastal processes; and deposition in sedimentary African famine, destruction of tropical rain for environments. 6 units. ests, industrial pollution, and “overpopulation.” 6 one lab per week units. Also listed as geology 360 Also listed as Anthropology 310 Prerequisites: geology 110 and 240 or consent Prerequisite: one anthropology course or of instructor consent of instructor Physics 120 recommended ENST 410 Ecological Energetics ENST 345 Field and laboratory experimental investigations Terrestrial Field Ecology of the transfer and transformation of energy or A handson course intended to demonstrate energycontaining materials between and within basic ecological principles using local terrestrial organisms and populations of aquatic ecosystems. ecosystems. Field research projects will introduce Part of the Marine Biology Term. 6 units. students to methods in hypothesis development, experimental design, data collection, statistical Also listed as Biology 434 analysis, and scientific writing and presentation. Prerequisites: Biology 330, concurrent enroll Research topics will include estimating popu ment in Biology 200 and 505, and consent lation size, community structure, plantanimal of instructor interactions, and foraging behavior. 6 units. Also listed as Biology 345 ENST 430 Watershed Hydrology Enrollment limit: 20 An introduction to the basic components of Prerequisites: Biology 120 or 140 and the hydrologic cycle, focusing on surface water Mathematics 117 or concurrent enrollment and groundwater systems. Measurement and analysis of hydrologic data are emphasized. ENST 360 Application to contemporary issues such as Environmental Ethics flooding, watershed development, and ground An examination of some ethical assumptions water contamination will be discussed. 6 units. that might figure in discussions of environ one lab per week mental policy by economists, legal experts, philosophers, and policy scientists. 6 units. Also listed as geology 430 Also listed as Philosophy 360 Prerequisite: geology 110 Enrollment limit: 30 ENST 435 Prerequisite: one course in economics, Contaminant Transport and Fate government, or philosophy; junior standing; Hydrology and chemistry of dissolved contam or consent of instructor inants in surface waters, groundwaters, and their associated media. Introduction to principles

114 ENVIRoNMENTAL STUDIES of reactive transport modeling and use of current poor and minority populations suffer computer models with relevant examples. disproportionately from exposure to toxic 6 units. material — i.e., environmental injustice? How Also listed as geology 440 pervasive is environmental racism? 6 units. Prerequisites: geology 240 and Mathematics Also listed as government 465 120 or 140 or consent of instructor Prerequisite: government 110 and junior standing, or consent of instructor ENST 460 The Environment, Community, ENST 480 and Education Advanced Environmental Economics A study of education, the creation and mainte Course content incorporates the substantive nance of community, and the development of topics raised in ECoN 280 but with more ecological intelligence. Emphasis on how analytical breadth and depth. Students use schools respond to their surroundings, the microeconomic tools to understand the existing extent to which modern forms of education academic literature and to address the efficient “fit” students to live in local communities, and use of natural and environmental resources. the idea of community as a sense of place. 6 units. Emphasis will also be placed on cultural Also listed as Economics 480 assumptions about the environment implicit Prerequisite: Economics 300 or consent within the curriculum, the effect of schooling of instructor on students’ understanding of and relationship to the environment, and the role ENST 505 of education in promoting ecological and Coral Reef Environments social sustainability. 6 units. Examines the ecology of coral reef environments. Also listed as Education 400 Lecture, laboratory, and field components. Part Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of the Marine Biology Term. 6 units. of instructor Also listed as Biology 505 Prerequisites: Concurrent enrollment in ENST 470 Biology 200 and 434 and consent of instructor Environmental Policy, Politics, and Justice This research seminar examines selected aspects ENST 570 of America’s environmental politics, policies, Senior Seminar in Government: Parks in and justice. It will explore questions such as: Peril: People, Politics, and Public Lands Do acid rain, intractable urban smog, toxic This course will examine how industry, interest wastes, and endangered spotted owls signify groups, and government debate what is the best a march toward ecological disaster? Who has strategy for handling parks in the United States rights to nature, how are those rights specified, at the national, state, and local levels. The class and what are the duties and responsibilities will include a broad analysis of current trends that accompany those rights? Who is setting in park management and implications for bio the political agenda regarding America’s envi diversity and conservation for future genera ronmental policies, and are they focusing on tions. 6 units. the most important priorities? How good a job are environmental policies and regulations Also listed as government 500 doing, and can they balance economic concerns Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent with environmental protection? Special attention of instructor will be given to the debates about environmental justice, by examining such questions as: Do

115 ENVIRoNMENTAL STUDIES

ENST 600 ENST 195, 395, 595, 695 Seminar on Selected Topics in Internship in Environmental Studies Environmental Science An opportunity for environmental studies An opportunity for students to read and analyze students to gain practical experience in the primary literature on significant topics in envi commercial, government, or nonprofit sectors. ronmental science. 3 or 6 units. The internship is supplemented by readings Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and discussions with a supervising faculty member. At the conclusion of the internship, ENST 650 the student must submit a summative report Environmental Studies Senior Seminar that considers the internship experience in the A seminar on issues and methods of environ context of the student’s other academic work. mental studies and a focal point of the envi Variable credit. ronmental studies major. Topics include scien tific measures of environmental quality, natural ENST 199, 399, 599, 699 resource management, pollution, prices, and Independent Study in public policy and ethical considerations. Students Environmental Studies employ data and models to address a chosen Advanced independent research, under the environmental problem. Faculty members from guidance of a faculty mentor or mentors, on a contributing disciplines participate. 6 units. particular topic related to the environment. The student is required to produce a formal Prerequisites: Environmental Studies 150, paper or equivalent (e.g., poster session, Web Environmental Studies 300 and senior standing, page, presentation at a professional meeting) as or consent of instructor a tangible record of the work carried out. May be taken more than once, for full or fractional ENST 190, 390, 590, 690 credit, as the instructor considers appropriate. Tutorial in Environmental Studies Advanced study and analysis of a particular topic or case related to environmental issues, viewed from the perspective of more than one academic discipline. May be taken more than once, for full or fractional credit, as the instruc tor considers appropriate.

116 Ethnic Studies

Faculty advisors: Daughtry (anthropology), Students may elect to enter the program gray (history), Hemwall (anthropology), through one of two interdisciplinary courses, Hoffmann (English), Law (director of interna one emphasizing the social sciences and tional and offcampus programs), Peregrine humanities (ETST 200), the other emphasizing (anthropology), Podair (history), Purkey (edu the fine arts and humanities (ETST 210). cation), Richards (library), Skran (govern ment), Troy (theatre and drama), Vetinde (French) Required for the minor in ethnic studies Ethnicity — that is, the identification with a group due to factors such as common language, 1. Two interdisciplinary core courses customs, beliefs, religion, historical experience, Ethnic Studies 200: Race and Ethnicity kinship ties, and race — is increasingly becoming Ethnic Studies 210: Expressions of Ethnicity the challenge of the new century. Within the United States, race became, as W. E. B. DuBois 2. Three disciplinary core courses (at least one had predicted, perhaps the central problem of from each category below) the 20th century, and the influx of immigrants Category I – Courses that focus on the of various ethnic groups has continually experience of a major ethnic group in complicated the socioeconomic landscape. Contemporary international conflicts often the United States or on relations among take the form of ethnic conflicts; we only ethnic groups in the United States: need look at the recent problems in Bosnia or Ethnic Studies 222: History of the American Rwanda to understand that ethnic relationships West are influential factors in many areas of the world. Ethnic Studies 231: Urban Communities of the This interdisciplinary minor explores topics United States such as the meaning of ethnicity and race; the Ethnic Studies 240: Social Foundations of impact of ideas about ethnicity and race; and Education the definition, experience, and interactions of Ethnic Studies 241: Multicultural Education ethnic groups. The curriculum is guided by a Ethnic Studies 270: History of Catholicism variety of questions, including the following: Is in America our identity determined by our biology? How Ethnic Studies 321: Race Relations in the much of our identity is socially constructed? United States, 1865-2000 How do ideas about ethnicity and race affect Ethnic Studies 330: Indians of North America our sense of identity? Is there a significant dif Ethnic Studies 360: Survey of African American ference between ethnicity and race? How do Literature individuals come to understand and to express Ethnic Studies 420: The American Civil War their ethnic identity? How do the experiences Ethnic Studies 450: Politics of Race and Ethnic of ethnic groups in the United States compare Relations to those in other areas of the world? What are Ethnic Studies 561: Selected Studies in African the political, economic, and social consequences American Literature of one’s racial or ethnic identity? Do these consequences change through time and place? Category II – Courses that focus on the How can we promote better relationships among experience of ethnicity and relations racial and ethnic groups, in the United States among ethnic groups outside the United and abroad? States, or comparative courses that include both the United States and other

117 ETHNIC STUDIES

parts of the world: 5. C average in the minor. Ethnic Studies 120: Modern Africa Note: No more than two courses used for the minor Ethnic Studies 121: Traditional East Asian may count toward the student’s major, and in the Civilization, 1800 B.C.-1600 disciplinary core courses, no more than two courses Ethnic Studies 220: Atlantic Slave Trade may be taken from one department. Ethnic Studies 221: Europe in the Age of Nationalism, World War, and Totalitarianism (1851-1990) Courses Ethnic Studies 230: Ethnography of Sub Saharan Africa ETST 120 Modern Africa Ethnic Studies 320: Empire and Nation in A survey of African history in the 20th century, Russian History examining the experiences of Africans as they Ethnic Studies 322: Modern Japanese History, confronted European colonization, engaged in 1868-2000 the struggle for independence, and built new Ethnic Studies 331: Ethnography of Latin nations. The course takes for its focus the West America African nation of ghana. 6 units. Ethnic Studies 332: Ethnography of the Middle Also listed as History 125 East and North Africa Ethnic Studies 350: Nationalism, Ethnicity, and ETST 121 Politics in Modern India Traditional East Asian Ethnic Studies 351: Comparative Politics: Asia, Civilization, 1800 B.C.-1600 Africa, and Latin America An introductory survey of East Asia from the Ethnic Studies 560: Contemporary British and dawn of indigenous civilization to the 16th Post-Colonial Fiction century. Focus on the growth of a Sinitic center Ethnic Studies 580: Le Roman Québecois and its interaction with the sedentary and Ethnic Studies 581: Hispanic American Black nomadic peoples on its Inner Asian and Pacific Literature rims. Emphasis on the diverse peoples and 3. Two elective courses, selected from the core societies of the area and the historical processes course list or approved by petition. Elective that bound them together through a common courses must allow students to focus their tradition. 6 units. individual work on ethnicity, and such work Also listed as History 160 and East Asian must count for at least 25 percent of the Languages and Cultures 140 final grade. 4. A senior project completed through an ETST 200 independent study or tutorial and including Race and Ethnicity in the United States a public presentation in a symposium orga An interdisciplinary study of race and ethnicity nized by the ethnic studies program. Projects in the United States. The course examines the must be approved prior to the student’s development of racial and ethnic categorization; participation and can be completed through patterns of stratification; and the role of political, participation in an appropriate activity cultural, and economic forces in shaping ideas including, but not limited to, an internship, about race and ethnicity. The course will a volunteer activity, English as a Second explore the social consequences of race and Language certification, an independent ethnicity with particular attention to racial and study, or an offcampus program. group ethnic tolerance, discrimination, and institutional racism. The Civil Rights Movement, affirmative projects are permitted. action, and immigration policies will be ana

118 ETHNIC STUDIES lyzed, as well as connections between ethnic stratification, class, and gender. other topics ETST 222 will vary from term to term. 6 units. History of the American West Enrollment limit: 24 This course examines realities and images of the frontier/western experience from explora ETST 210 tion and settlement of North America through Expressions of Ethnicity the present. Included are native and immigrant An introductory course in which film, theatre, groups, technology, transportation, agriculture, literature, visual arts, and music are analyzed in mining, and urbanization as well as effects of an effort to explore the many ways in which the frontier on national character. ethnicity is expressed, reflected, and constructed 6 units. in American culture. Issues of identity, authen Also listed as History 330 ticity, impersonation, commodification, stereo Prerequisite: Sophomore standing types, integration, and audience will be raised. 6 units. ETST 230 Enrollment limit: 24 Ethnography of Sub-Saharan Africa A comparative study of the societies and ETST 220 cul tures of subSaharan Africa, with emphasis Atlantic Slave Trade on Africa as a place where local histories are An examination of the Atlantic trade in tied to the global economy. Topics include enslaved Africans from its beginning in the history, literature, ecological adaptation, social 15th century to its eventual abolition in the organization, and social change. 6 units. 19th century. Topics include ideas of slavery Also listed as Anthropology 362 in Europe and Africa; the development of the Enrollment limit: 25 Atlantic trade; the economic, social, political, and religious effects of the slave trade in Africa ETST 231 and the Americas; the rise of racism; abolition Urban Communities of the United States and its aftermath. 6 units. An exploration of the contemporary dynamics Also listed as History 215 of the city in the United States using Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent ethnographic accounts of particular urban of instructor communi ties. Attention to the concept of community, the dynamics of urban space, the ETST 221 roles of ethnicity and social class, and current Europe in the Age of Nationalism, World policy issues. Students conduct research in the War, and Totalitarianism, 1851-1990 local area. 6 units. An examination of European history from the Also listed as Anthropology 376 Age of National Unification through the Enrollment limit: 25 collapse of the Soviet Empire. Topics include imperialism, the two World Wars, the Russian ETST 240 Revolution, fascism, totalitarianism, mass Social Foundations of Education nationalism, and the reemergence of eastern An examination of the social foundations of and central Europe. 6 units. education in the United States with particular Also listed as History 275 attention paid to the cultural, political, and Enrollment limit: 30 economic functions of education in modern Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent society and to the relationship between school of instructor and students’ families and communities. The reproductive function of schooling in a society

119 ETHNIC STUDIES divided along lines of race/ethnicity and class, from early modern times to 1991. Themes and schools as sites of cultural production will include the formation of the Russian empire, also be explored. other topics discussed include its transformation into the Soviet Union, and the effects of class, gender, and ethnicity on its partial collapse in 1991; the meaning of educational achievement and attainment and “empire,” “nation,” and “ethnicity” in historical the historical tension in the U.S. between context; and the interaction of Russians with “equality” and “excellence” in education. nonRussian peoples in Ukraine, the Baltic Practicum of 25 hours required. 6 units. States, Central Asia, and the Caucasus. 6 units. Also listed as Education 340 Also listed as History 315 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor ETST 241 History 320 or 325 recommended Multicultural Education A study of the experience of children and ETST 321 adolescents from different ethnic, cultural, Race Relations in the United States, economic, and gender groups. Emphasis on 1865-2000 understanding the social consequences of these An examination of relations between black and differences and how such differences affect white Americans since Emancipation. Topics students’ learning and educational opportunity. will include Reconstruction, the rise The sources and educational effects of racism, of Jim Crow, the great Migrations, the Civil sexism, and other forms of prejudice and Rights Movement, urban unrest, and white discrim ina tion will also be examined. backlash. 6 units. Practicum of 25 hours required. 6 units. Also listed as History 345 Also listed as Education 350 Prerequisites: Sophomore standing and Prerequisite: Sophomore standing History 132

ETST 270 ETST 322 History of Catholicism in America Modern Japanese History, 1868-2000 An examination of the history and development A discussion course on modern Japanese of Catholicism in America from the Colonial history from the Meiji Restoration of 1868 Period through the present day. Themes to be to the present. This course focuses on Japanese addressed include: the roles of women, charac efforts to build a new, westernized state and teristics of material culture, devotional practices, society compatible with Japan’s traditional racism and ethnic discrimination, “threats” to “national polity” and to find a new role in the Republic, and continuities and discontinuities modern East Asia and the world. 6 units. between American Protestant culture and Also listed as History 365 Catholicism. 6 units. Prerequisite: History 165 Also listed as Religious Studies 275 Enrollment limit: 20 ETST 330 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Indians of North America A cultural study of the Indians of North ETST 320 America, including examination of the impact Empire and Nation in Russian History of European ideas and technology on Indian The course examines the history of ethnically societies. Emphasis on environmental adapta diverse territories often referred to as “Russia” tions, levels of social and cultural complexity, problems of historical interpretation, and the

120 ETHNIC STUDIES methods and theories of ethnology and their Also listed as government 250 applica tions to North American cultures. Prerequisite: government 110 or sophomore 6 units. standing. Also listed as Anthropology 350 Enrollment limit: 25 ETST 351 Comparative Politics: Asia, Africa, Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 and Latin America A comparative study of the crucial issues and ETST 331 problems of statebuilding in old and new Ethnography of Latin America countries in the developing areas. Emphasis on An introduction to the ethnography of Mexico, theories of political modernization and their the Caribbean, and Central and South America. application to concrete cases, especially Japan, Special attention to constructions of ethnicity, and a comparison of it with other countries, religion, gender, and nationalism and how mainly in Africa and Latin America. Topics these issues have shaped communities and include political culture, nationalism, revolution, nationstates. The course focuses on clashes politics of economic development, and the over cultural practices as experienced and told relation of development to regime types and by Latin Americans. 6 units. legitimacy. 6 units. Also listed as Anthropology 352 Also listed as government 350 Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or consent Prerequisite: government 110 or consent of instructor of instructor ETST 332 ETST 360 Ethnography of the Middle East and Survey of African American Literature North Africa A survey of African American literature from Introduction to the diversity of social organi slave narratives through contemporary litera zation and cultural practice in the Middle East ture. Readings include works by Harriet and North Africa. Focus on contemporary Jacobs, Frederick Douglass, Langston Hughes, Arab and Islamic societies and their ethnic Zora Neale Hurston, Richard Wright, Amiri and religious minorities. Topics include tribalism, Baraka, Audre Lorde, and Toni Morrison. colonialism, gender, religious practices, migra 6 units. tion, and the politics of identity. 6 units. Also listed as English 260 Also listed as Anthropology 358 Enrollment limit: 20 Enrollment limit: 25 Prerequisite: English 150 or its equivalent or Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or consent sophomore standing of instructor ETST 420 ETST 350 The American Civil War Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Politics in A comprehensive examination of the Civil War Modern India era between 1840 and 1877. Major themes and A study of the attempt to modernize tradition topics will include the political crisis leading to directed societies into nationstates. Particular succession, the military conduct of the war, the attention to the rise of modern nationalism, end of slavery, the effects of the war on the ebb and flow of the independence move American society, and Reconstruction. 6 units. ment, the structure of modern government, and the contemporary political crisis in India. Also listed as History 470 6 units. Enrollment limit: 15 Prerequisite: Junior standing and History 131 121 ETHNIC STUDIES

A focused study of a genre, literary movement, ETST 450 or group of authors within the African Politics of Race and Ethnic Relations American literary tradition. The topic will vary A comparative, interdisciplinary examination from year to year. Possible topics include of the theories of race and ethnic relations, of Literature of the Harlem Renaissance, African underlying conditions and patterns of ethnic American Autobiography, Recent African conflict, and of governmental responses to such American Fiction. 6 units. conflict. Emphasis on the role of the state and Also listed as English 510 governmental policy in the development of Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 250 or ethnic identities, ethnic social movements, and 260, or consent of instructor ethnic conflict in multiethnic societies. 6 units. ETST 580 Also listed as government 440 Le Roman Québecois Enrollment limit: 20 An introduction to the 20thcentury Québecois Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent novel, with readings from the works of repre of instructor sentative novelists such as gabrielle Roy, gerald Bessette, MarieClaire Blais, Claude government 110 recommended Jasmin, Rejean Ducharme, Louky Bersianik, and yves Beauchemin. Course examines the ETST 560 writers’ depiction of Frenchspeaking Canadian Contemporary British and society and their treatment of political, feminist, Post-Colonial Fiction and literary themes. 6 units. A survey of contemporary fiction in Britain, with an emphasis on the impact of postcolonial Also listed as French 540 and multicultural writers and perspectives. Authors may include Chinua Achebe, Angela ETST 581 Carter, Keri Hulme, Hanif Kureishi, Patrick Hispanic American Black Literature McCabe, V. S. Naipaul, Jean Rhys, Salman A study of the literature of the African Rushdie, Amos Tutuola, and Irvine Welsh. Hispanic communities in Peru, Colombia, and 6 units. the Hispanic Caribbean countries in a cultural and historical context. Emphasis on the way in Also listed as English 507 which black literature developed a distinctive Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 240, or ethnic identity. 6 units. consent of instructor Also listed as Spanish 540 ETST 561 Enrollment limit: 15 Selected Studies in Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, its African American Literature equivalent, or consent of the instructor

122 French

Associate professors: HoftMarch (chair), students should consult a French instructor. Sarnecki, Seaman (associate dean of the At whatever level students place, they faculty), Vetinde should plan to begin their study of French in Instructor: Hall the freshman or sophomore year. goals of the beginning and intermediate sequences in French are comprehension of both Required for the French major the oral and written language on more than an elementary level, development of the capacity Students complete a French major by taking a to express reasonably complicated thought both minimum of ten courses beyond French 202, orally and in writing, and an introduction to including French 301 and/or 302; either French French and Francophone literatures and cultures. 500, 510 or study in France, West Africa, or At the advanced level, the student is Québec; and French 515. The concentration expected to reach competence in use and in French and Francophone literature includes knowledge of the French language and to a combination of six literature courses. At least become acquainted with ideas in literature, one of these courses must represent literature literary genres, selected themes, and a sampling before 1800, one literature after 1800, and one of critical approaches as well as with important Francophone literature. In addition, students aspects of French history and civilization. must take at least one advanced course (num From the beginning, French is used bered 400 or above) outside the department extensively, if not totally, in the classroom. in European history, anthropology, or art and Except where specified, all class discussion, music history. In the last year of study, a student essays, and examinations are conducted in must complete a senior project that may take French. Even in the early stages, students write any form appropriate to French study. Also, the free compositions; in more advanced courses department strongly recommends that majors they write analytical and interpretive essays. take at least one course in linguistics or Latin. Finally, all French majors will be required to assemble a portfolio of a selection of their Placement work in the French program. The portfolio is designed to keep a record of progress over the Placement examinations for students taking course of a French major’s career in terms of French at Lawrence for the first time are given linguistic proficiency, mastery of specific literary during New Student Week. Students wishing and cultural content, and sophistication of ideas. to place out of the language requirement by Portfolios must be submitted by the second proficiency examination should sign up through week of Term III of the student’s senior or the department chair for an oral proficiency supersenior year. The French department will interview and writing exam in addition to the receive and approve only completed portfolios, placement test. and the portfolio submissions must be in hard At the beginning and intermediate levels, copy as well as on computer disk. courses are numbered to indicate relative The French portfolio must include: difficulty, the lowest numbers identifying those 1. A list of all courses taken for the major that require the least proficiency in French. At 2. A list of work included in the portfolio the level of French 400 and above, however, 3. A brief statement (one and a half to two pages) in which students evaluate their 1 2 3 on leave Term I; on leave Term II; on leave Term III; progress in the French program 4on leave Terms I, II, III

123 FRENCH

4. Samples of students’ work will be drawn FREN 102 from each of the following four categories: Beginning French II a. A sample essay from either French A continuation of French 101. It is recom 301 or 302 mended that students take 101, 102, and 200 b. A sample essay from either French in three consecutive terms. 6 units. 500, 510, or a culture or civilization Five class meetings per week course taken on a French program abroad Prerequisite: French 101 c. A sample essay from a literature FREN 200 course of the student’s choice Intermediate French I d. The student’s senior capstone project A continuation of French 102, structured to A student may request permission to submit help students develop their skills in reading, a tape or video recording of an oral presen writing, speaking, and listening. 6 units. tation in place of one essay. Five class meetings per week Required for the French minor Prerequisite: French 102 or placement by the department Students complete a French minor by taking a minimum of six courses beyond French 202, FREN 201 including French 301 and/or 302; either Intermediate French II French 500, French 510, or study in France, Designed to help students attain facility in West Africa, or Québec; and French 515. At reading and oral comprehension and mastery least one of the six courses must represent of basic skills in writing and speaking. Includes French literature and another Francophone grammar review that continues in French 202. literature. Students who minor in French are Students with two to four years of high school required to attend at least six meetings of the French or the equivalent should contact the French Table and complete a short project to department about placement in this course. be approved by the department. A C or above 6 units. average in the minor also is required. Four class meetings per week Prerequisite: French 200 or placement by Concerning study abroad the department

The department urges students to take advan FREN 202 tage of the foreign study programs in France, Intermediate French III Senegal, or Québec. (See page 277.) A continuation of French 200 or 201, intended to develop further a student’s proficiency in the four language skills. 6 units. Courses Prerequisite: French 200 or 201 or a minimum of three years of high school French or the FREN 101 equivalent Beginning French I A beginning course designed to give training Placement determined by examination and in reading, writing, speaking, and understanding. consultation with the instructor This course is for students with no previous Four class meetings per week training in the French language. It is recom mended that students take 101, 102, and 200 in three consecutive terms. 6 units. Five class meetings per week

124 FRENCH

FREN 301 FREN 402 Introduction aux Etudes Littéraires French Language A bridge between intermediate and advanced 3 units. courses, with readings from across the centuries of French literature. Focus on close reading FREN 403 and discussion of short texts by Villon, Labé, Beginning Wolof Voltaire, Hugo, Maupassant, Camus, and Duras. 3 units. Several short essays. 6 units. FREN 450 FREN 302 Independent Readings in French Conversation à travers le cinéma For students wishing to read French in fields This course presents modern French films for other than French language and literature. study and discussion. While emphasizing both Planned and carried out with a member of the speaking and listening, the course will help department. May be taken for more than one students develop new vocabulary and commu term; may be taken for full or partial credit. nicate sophisticated ideas in comprehensible Prerequisite: Consent of instructor French. Students will often lead class discussion and give short oral presentations as well as FREN 500 write brief interpretive essays. 6 units. Cours de Civilisation: la France et la Francophonie FREN 325 A study of cultural, social, political, and economic Destination Dakar developments in France and the Francophone A required course for students who plan to take world from the French Revolution to the French 400 that will serve as an introduction present. Insights into the ways in which France to Dakar. Students will be asked to participate has influenced and continues to influence in weekly meetings and an intensive orientation Francophone cultures worldwide and how weekend. 2 units. they in turn tend to shape French society in various domains. Readings are complemented FRANCOPHONE SEMINAR by selected films. 6 units. A seminar that will take students to French FREN 510 speaking West Africa for ten weeks. Study Les Actualités abroad will include both the French and Wolof A critical analysis of current events in France languages, Senegalese history and culture, and and the rest of the Frenchspeaking world, African literature written in French. Varied through the discussion of recent newspaper excursions will help students to appreciate, and magazine articles as well as selected radio discuss, and analyze cultural differences. and television broadcasts from the French Offered in Term III 2003-04 and in alternate years media. Allows students with a wide range of thereafter interests to work through independent study and collaboration with other students toward FREN 400 an understanding of France and the Franco Senegalese Culture phone world at the beginning of the 21st 6 units. century. 6 units. Also listed as Anthropology 450 FREN 515 FREN 401 Cours Pratique Senegalese Literature and History Intensive advanced study of phonetics, idiom, 6 units. usage, and grammatical structure, designed for students who want to communicate effectively

125 FRENCH in French. Required of majors and prospective FREN 528 teachers of French. 6 units. Du Réalisme au Symbolisme Prerequisite: Two courses above the level of An introduction to French literature of the late French 202 19th century. Readings include novels and short stories that employ the mimetic function FREN 520 of language to describe the “real world” and Le Gai Savoir poetry that espouses “art for art’s sake” and An introduction to French Medieval and transforms the word into a symbol for the Renaissance literature. Readings include initiated. Authors include Balzac, Baudelaire, France’s oldest epic, the Chanson de Roland, the Flaubert, Maupassant, Zola, Rimbaud, and melancholic legend Tristan et Iseut, essays from Mallarmé. 6 units. Montaigne, poetry by Labé and Ronsard, short stories by Marguerite de Navarre. Focus on two FREN 530 areas: the creation of French literary tradition Du modernísme au post-modernísme and literary representation of human order. An introduction to 20thcentury French 6 units. literature. Readings from Colette, Proust, gide, Breton, Duras, Ernaux, and Robbegrillet reflect FREN 522 the loss of belief in a transparent language and Du Baroque au Moment Classique a unified subject. In the process, they show An introduction to 17thcentury literature that how literary texts came to take the creative views the classical French literature of Corneille, process itself as their subject. 6 units. Racine, and Molière as part of the court culture of Louis XIV as well as a reaction to the FREN 534 excesses of Baroque texts. Descartes ushers Cinéma et Littérature Francophones in an age of reason that lasts well into the A study of theories of film, theatre, and the “romantic” 19th century and beyond. 6 units. novel in Frenchspeaking Africa and the Caribbean. Focusing on the works of ousmane FREN 524 Sembene, Aimé Césaire, Joseph Zobel, and Le Siècle des Lumières Raoul Peck, the course examines the effective An introduction to 18thcentury French ness and limitations of certain genres in the literature, focusing on the critical spirit of articulation of nationalist discourses as well as authors such as Diderot, graffigny, Voltaire, the ways in which they complement each Rousseau, and Charrières; the objects — morals, other. 6 units. social institutions, literary genres — and modes of their critique; and their idealized alternatives, FREN 536 which helped to lay the foundations for Romancières Noires d’Expression Française Romantic thought. 6 units. An introduction to the writing of Francophone women writers from Africa and the Caribbean FREN 526 such as Mariama Bâ, Animata Sow Fall, Calixthe La Conscience Romantique Beyala, Assia Djebar, Maryse Condé, and Simone An introduction to French literature of the SchwartzBart. Focuses on their representation early 19th century and an examination of of society, the challenge of patriarchal hegemony, Romanticism’s aesthetics of the sublime, its and the (re)construction of female identity. melancholy individualism, and its modernist 6 units. outlook. Readings of many genres from writers Also listed as gender Studies 546 such as de Staël, Lamartine, Hugo, Musset, and Sand. 6 units.

126 FRENCH

FREN 538 FREN 600 Le Théâtre Negro-Africain Senior Seminar A study of modern African drama in French Seniors meet with the instructor early in Term I from its early beginnings to the present. Course to select a specific topic. They read and discuss examines the contributions of traditional texts at the beginning of the winter term, then dramatic forms to its emergence and present formulate their own projects, which may take vitality. Selected plays of Aimé Césaire, them in a direction of their choice (literature, Mamadou Seyni Mbengue, Werewere Liking, art, history, music, etc.). 6 units. Jean Pliya, Bernard Dadié, Sony Labou Tansi, guillaume oyonoMbia, Zadou Zaorou, and FREN 190, 390, 590, 690 others are read to analyze their literary, thematic, Tutorial Studies in French and theatrical dimensions. 6 units. Topic of study and the structure of the term’s Also listed as Theatre and Drama 438 work depend on the interest of the student, the instructor, and the subject. Tutorials are not substitutes for courses but opportunities to LES GENRES pursue topics suggested by courses. May be Writers, like all artists, choose and sometimes taken for more than one term; may be taken create in a genre suitable for the expression for full or partial credit. of their feelings and ideas. The courses in this series examine specific literary genres — novels, FREN 199, 399, 599, 699 plays, short stories, poems, and film — to Independent Study in French consider to what extent content grapples with A thorough investigation of a topic of a student’s form. 6 units. choice, carried out in consultation with an Not offered in 2002-03 instructor. Students considering an honors project in their senior year should register for CHOIX DE THEMES these courses, for one or more terms (see Honors Themes that reoccur across centuries and/or at graduation, page 303). Variable credit. national boundaries become a lens through which to examine fascinating aspects of French and Francophone life and literature. This series Recent tutorial topics includes: La Résistance; Le Fantastique; in French Négritude, Antillanité, et Créolité; L’amour fatal; Rêve et désillusion; Tradition et modernité; george Sand et le récit féministe L’Enfance; L’Exil. 6 units. Désir et écriture: Liaisons dangereuses L’Islam dans la littérature africaine contemporaine Offered in 2002-03 Les visages du voudou dans le roman antillais FREN 582 La littérature de l’holocauste L’Enfance This course focuses on the representation of the child in French and Francophone literature. We will examine the construction of childhood by looking at changing notions of innocence, ongoing debates about edu cation, cultural narratives about becoming gendered, and individual narratives about assuming an adult identity.

127 Freshman Studies

Director: E. De Stasio (biology) to such questions, but in Freshman Studies the aim is not to solve a problem so much as to A part of the Lawrence curriculum since 1945, deepen our awareness of its difficulties and Freshman Studies is best described as an intro complexities and to study possible answers duction to liberal learning. In their two terms provided by a few of the world’s greatest of Freshman Studies, students are encouraged thinkers. to confront new ideas, to test and revise their Freshman Studies also serves more imme own thinking, and to build an intellectual diate and practical goals, including that of foundation for the rest of their lives. Each sec helping students develop particular skills. In tion of the course numbers about 15 students, the first term, students hone their abilities to which allows for close relationships between define and explain a concept, to summarize an students and teachers — but, because every argument, and to analyze texts of various sorts. section is engaged with the very same works, In the second term, students not only refine Freshman Studies also helps students join in but apply those skills; instead of focusing most the life of a much larger community, one that of their papers on a single passage or even a includes not only their current classmates but single work, they are asked to compare and also entire generations of Lawrentians. contrast at least two works. In addition, they In keeping with such goals, Freshman must consider other writers’ interpretations Studies is expansive and inclusive. Instead of and assessments of a work, moving toward the endorsing a single point of view, the course kinds of writing usually reserved for upperclass embraces works from a variety of intellectual students. Thus, by the time students have com and cultural traditions. Recently, students have pleted Freshman Studies, they have not only been invited to contrast Plato with the Taoist encountered a number of important works and philosopher Chuang Tzu and to compare the ideas but also have begun to acquire, to develop, novels of Fyodor Dostoevsky with those of and to practice the skills associated with liberal Chinua Achebe and Jane Austen. Every year, education. students taking Freshman Studies are exposed Individual sections of the course are taught to works drawn from every division of the by faculty members from all departments. In Lawrence curriculum, including works of art the first term, a student might work with a and music. Thus, the syllabus has featured works historian or painter, in the second with an by Virginia Woolf and Karl Marx, Pablo Picasso oboist or chemist or anthropologist. Thus, in and Wolfgang Mozart, Albert Einstein and the selection of the teaching staff, as in the Duke Ellington. choice of works and the design of the assign Through their encounters with such ments, Freshman Studies is a reflection of works, students and faculty members gain an Lawrence’s commitment to the liberal arts, to appreciation of different art forms, an under the notion that liberally educated men and standing of different approaches to knowledge, women need not be bound by their training, and a sense of the connections and conflicts their histories, or their habits. Indeed, Freshman between different intellectual traditions. Studies stands as proof that, for a liberally edu Perhaps more importantly, they also join cated person, no discipline or tradition, no single each other in exploring a host of important branch of knowledge stands isolated from the human questions: the nature of authority, the rest; all are connected, not only to each other discernment of good and evil, the attainability but to every one of us. of truth. of course, there are no easy answers

128 FRESHMAN STUDIES

Courses Freshman Studies Reading List, 2002-2003 FRST 100 In the order in which they are read Freshman Studies I Required of firstyear students and selected Fall 2002 transfer students. Through the study of works representing a variety of intellectual and Chuang Tzu, Basic Writings cultural traditions, students develop fundamental Marx and Engels, Communist Manifesto skills: the ability to define a concept, to sum Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing marize an argument, or to analyze a passage. Plato, The Republic Throughout the term, instructors stress close Bishop, The Complete Poems reading, cogent discussion, and precise writing. Ellington, Concerto for Cootie Regular class work is supplemented by lectures and performances by Lawrence faculty members Winter 2003 or by visiting scholars or artists. 6 units. Shelley, Frankenstein Leopold, A Sand County Almanac FRST 101 Wriston Art gallery, “Visions of Ukiyoe: Freshman Studies II The Landscapes of Hiroshige” Required of firstyear students and selected Dostoevsky, Notes from Underground transfer students. A continuation of Freshman Achebe, Things Fall Apart Studies I, this course is designed to help stu dents refine their abilities as readers, writers, and thinkers. In this term, writing assignments require students to compare and contrast particular works and to reckon with earlier interpretations and assessments of those works. As in Freshman Studies I, instructors stress close reading, cogent discussion, and clear writing. Regular class sessions are again supplemented by lectures and performances by Lawrence faculty members or by visiting scholars or artists. 6 units.

129 Gender Studies

Faculty advisors: Haines (psychology), Hastings of 200 or above. (anthropology), Hemwall (anthropology, dean of d. At least one course must be at the level student academic services), Hoffmann1 (English), of 400 or above. HoftMarch (French), Kern (history), Privatt e. Courses must be taken in at least two (theatre and drama), Rewgottfried (psycholo academic divisions (humanities, social gy), Richards (library), Sarnecki (French), sciences, natural sciences, fine arts). Spurgin3 (English), Vorenkamp (religious stud Completion of independent study in ies), Wall (biology, chair) gender studies can be substituted for one course. gender is a fundamental aspect of personal and 3. Two additional courses that are either (1) social identity and a biological, psychological, crosslisted in gender studies or (2) offered and cultural category of paramount impor in other departments but which may be tance for people everywhere. In addition, gen taken for credit in gender studies. These der is often a criterion for social stratification courses include those whose primary focus and different political treatment, as well as a is something other than gender but in favored symbol for expressing essential which students’ individual work (essays, values and beliefs. gender studies offers students research projects, etc.) must be focused on an opportunity for focused study of such varied gender issues. In order to have a course issues, in both contemporary and past societies, outside the gender studies program approved as human reproduction, sex roles in the family for the requirement, students complete a and society, the psychology of identity, sexual form (to be signed by the instructor and orientation, and images of men and women in literature and art. their gender studies advisor) that outlines which course requirements will be fulfilled with work applicable to gender studies. This Required for the major in form must be completed and submitted to gender studies the gender studies advisor by the end of the second week of the term. Forms may be 1. Two core courses (interdisciplinary in nature): downloaded from the gender studies Web gender Studies 100: Introduction to Gender page (http://www.lawrence.edu/dept/ Studies gender_studies/). gender Studies 200: Introduction to Feminist 4. Students will enroll in a capstone experience Theory and Practice that is approved by the gender Studies 2. At least six additional courses, usually cross Steering Board and mentored by a gender listed and offered within various disciplines, studies advisor. The capstone may be an that focus primarily on gender. The six independent study, internship/practicum, courses must be distributed as follows: or crossdisciplinary project. The capstone a. one must be either gender Studies 110 experience should draw on concepts and or gender Studies 350. materials from the gender studies core courses. b. one must be either gender Studies 180 gender studies faculty advisors have developed or gender Studies 270. a list of potential courses in which the instruc c. At least two courses must be at the level tors have agreed that students can focus individ ual work on gender or in which a focus on 1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; gender is a regular part (see page 135 for a list 4on leave Terms I, II, III of these courses).

130 gENDER STUDIES

Courses crosslisted in gender studies will Courses count toward completion of the major whether students register for them using the program’s GEST 100 designation (gEST) or an individual depart Introduction to Gender Studies ment’s designation. Introduces the concept of gender as a multi disciplinary category of analysis, asking how gender identity is constructed by the sciences, Required for the minor in social sciences, humanities, and fine arts. Aimed gender studies at firstyear and secondyear students. Practicum experience in each division. 6 units. 1. Two core courses: Enrollment limit: 24 gender Studies 100: Introduction to Gender Studies GEST 110 gender Studies 200: Introduction to Feminist Gender and Feminism in Theory and Practice Historical Perspective 2. Four additional courses that focus primarily A comparative world history of both gender on gender. The four courses must be distrib relations and the emergence of a feminist uted as follows: consciousness within the past 500 years. Case a. Two must be crosslisted in gender studies drawn from different regions of the studies; the two remaining courses may world will precede the examination of the be in gender studies or offered in other emergence of a global feminism in the late 20th departments. If offered in other depart and early 21st centuries. Topics will include the ments, students must complete a form social roles of men and women, ideas about (to be signed by the instructor and their masculinity and femininity, understandings of gender studies advisor) that outlines sexual orientation, forms of systematic subor which course requirements will be dination, and the politics of modern feminisms. fulfilled with work applicable to gender 6 units. studies. This form must be completed and submitted to the gender studies Also listed as History 140 advisor by the end of the second week of the term. Forms may be downloaded GEST 180 from the gender studies Web page The Biology of Human Reproduction (http: //www.lawrence.edu/dept/ An introductory lecture course focusing on gender_ studies). human reproduction to demonstrate some b. At least two courses must be at the level basic biological principles. Discussion of of 200 or above. aspects of molecular, cellular, and organismic c. Courses must be taken in at least two phenomena related to the development of academic divisions (humanities, social human biological complexity and consideration sciences, natural sciences, fine arts). of current research and its impact on the Completion of independent study in individual and on society. 6 units. gender studies can be substituted for Lecture only one course. Also listed as Biology 100 3. C average in the minor Courses crosslisted in gender studies Primarily for nonscience majors, credit not will count toward completion of the minor applicable to the biology major whether students register for them using the program’s designation (gEST) or an individual department’s designation.

131 gENDER STUDIES

GEST 200 GEST 221 Introduction to Feminist Women and Reform in the Theory and Practice United States, 1830-1980 Examines and critiques a variety of feminist A study of women’s quest for equal rights theories and how they apply to women’s and and of their participation in broader reform men’s lives today. We explore the tension movements, focusing both on theory and orga between feminist theory and practice as we nizations to examine such topics as abolition, look at significant contributions to the field by the suffrage movement, moral reform in the 19th women of color, gay and lesbian studies, queer century, women and labor movements, and studies, and the study of masculinities. 6 units. women’s liberation in the 1970s. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 15 Also listed as History 340 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor GEST 215 Women in Classical Antiquity GEST 235 This course examines the roles of women in Economics Beyond the Straight ancient greek, Hellenistic, and Roman societies, and Narrow using historical, literary, art historical, and An analysis of the choices, opportunities, treat archaeological sources. We discuss these cultures’ ment, and outcomes of U.S. individuals who constructions of gender and the ways in which are identifiably sexually oriented to others of they affected the relationship of women (and the same gender, using the tools of information men) to the social, religious, political, econom economics and human capital theory. An ic, and legal institutions. 6 units. economic analysis of heterosexual marriage Also listed as Art History 302 and Classics 355 and the differing roles of men and women provides an important benchmark. 6 units. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Also listed as Economics 235 GEST 220 Prerequisite: Economics 100 or 120, plus one Women in Early America, 1607-1860 of either Economics 230, a statistics course, or An examination of the experiences of women consent of instructor in early America, focusing both on women’s lives and on the changing economic, political, GEST 255 and cultural roles they played in American Women Filmmakers in society. Themes include women and the family, German-Speaking Countries women’s religious experiences, women and A study of major filmmakers in thegerman industrialization, and the effects of slavery on speaking countries since the late 1960s (Sander, black and white women. 6 units. von Trotta, Dörrie, Export, Schönemann, and Also listed as History 335 others). Focus on images of women, gender, and social relations in different cinematic genres Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent (biography, comedy, documentary, experimental of instructor film) and within critical representations of historical events. 6 units. Taught in English Also listed as german 352 and Theatre 281 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor

132 gENDER STUDIES

GEST 260 GEST 315 Women and Gender in Russian Culture Gender in 20th-Century Africa Introduction to issues of gender roles and gender An examination of the changing roles of identity in Russian culture and society. After African men and women in the 20th century. providing basic historical background, the The course will focus on the rapid social course will explore the portrayal of women in transformations of the 20th century — colo literary texts (written by both men and women). nialism, abolition of slavery, the spread of The last segment of the course concentrates Christianity and Islam, urbanization, the birth on social issues of the late Soviet and post of new nations — and their challenges to Soviet periods. 6 units. traditional understandings of what it meant to No knowledge of Russian required be a man or woman. Special emphasis on the balance of power between the sexes under Also listed as Russian 335 colonialism, the use of cultural conservatism to bolster and to resist colonial rule, and the GEST 270 efforts of individual men and women to The Psychology of Gender reimagine themselves in swiftly changing An examination of theory and research on societies. 6 units. gender identity, gender roles, and the similarities and differences between males and females in Also listed as History 220 our society. Topics include gender stereotypes, Prerequisite: Junior standing or some gender gender role development, and psychological studies background androgyny, as well as sex differences in cognitive abilities, aggression, mental health, sexuality, GEST 330 and family roles. 6 units. Women and Politics Also listed as Psychology 310 A survey of the role of women in contemporary politics, both domestic and international. Topics Enrollment limit: 35 covered include the feminist movement in the Prerequisite: one of the following: Psychology U.S. and other democracies, women as political 240, 250, 260, 265, or 270 or gender Studies 100 actors, and women’s contribution to war and peace. 6 units. GEST 314 Also listed as government 290 Family, Sexuality, and the State in South Africa Prerequisite: government 110 or sophomore An exploration of the social history of South standing Africa from the arrival of the Dutch in 1652 to the present. This course focuses on how GEST 350 people adapted their ideas of gender and family Women and Men in Cross-Cultural to meet the challenges of colonial conquest, Perspective apartheid, and the liberation struggle. Topics An anthropological approach to the study of include the mineral and industrial revolutions, gender, the sexual division of labor, marriage, migrant labor, traditional religion and Christianity, and reproduction. Emphasis on biosocial and democratization, and recent controversies over comparative/historical perspectives that homosexuality, witchcraft, and AIDS. 6 units. empha size universals and commonalities across cultures as well as the uniqueness of male/female Also listed as History 219 experience crossculturally. 6 units. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Also listed as Anthropology 306

133 gENDER STUDIES

GEST 351 GEST 415 Archaeology of Gender Society and the Sexes in An examination of the relationship between Pre-Industrial Europe gender and material culture. Focus on how A seminar, organized topically, exploring gender and gender roles are reflected in the changing gender definitions, economic and archaeological record and on the problems in social roles, family structures and functions, and identifying and determining gender roles in styles of intimacy from the Middle Ages prehistory. Readings include studies from both to the 18th century. A variety of primary the old and New Worlds and modern theoretical sources and scholarly interpretations examined. approaches. 6 units. 6 units. Also listed as Anthropology 320 Also listed as History 430 Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or 140 or Enrollment limit: 18 consent of instructor Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent of GEST 360 instructor Growing Up Female Explores expressions of female childhood, GEST 445 adolescence, and early adulthood in german Selected Studies in Gender and British/ culture (literature, theatre, cinema, art, etc.). American Literature Discussion considers social, historical, and A study focused on questions of gender in psychological influences on the development relation to a specific literary movement, genre, of gender but concentrates on the ways in or topic in British and American literature. which artistic and literary production stabilize The topic will vary from year to year. Possible or undermine the formation of female gender topics include gender and the Literature of identity. Close textual examination of selected War , gender and Modernist Literature, gender works by women and men from 1800 to the and Autobiography. 6 units. present, with emphasis on the 20th century. Also listed as English 515 Taught in English with special german language Prerequisite: Junior standing, an intermediate assignments for students who want to apply course in English, or consent of instructor the course toward the german major. 6 units. Also listed as german 360 GEST 546 Enrollment limit: 20 Romancieres Noires d’Expression Française Prerequisite: Junior standing or gender Studies 200 or consent of instructor An introduction to the writing of Franco phone women writers from Africa and the GEST 365 Caribbean such as Mariama Bâ, Animata Sow Women in Asian Religions Fall, Calixthe Beyala, Assia Djebar, Maryse Examination of the role of women in Asian Condé, and Simone SchwartzBart. Focuses on societies by exploring issues pertaining to women their representation of society, the challenge of in the religions of Indian, Chinese, and Japanese patriarchal hegemony, and the (re)construction societies. Students will examine the role, influence, of female identity. 6 units. and impact of (and upon) women in Hinduism, Also listed as French 536 Taoism, Confucianism, and Shintoism to learn how each religion and culture has responded to women’s issues. 6 units. Also listed as Religious Studies 360 Prerequisite: one course in Asian religions

134 gENDER STUDIES

GEST 548 GEST 190, 390, 590, 690 Women’s Writings Tutorial Studies in Gender Studies A course on women’s writing from different Advanced study, arranged and carried out under times and Spanishspeaking cultures. It will the direction of an advisor. Variable credit. emphasize theoretical approaches to women’s writings and closely read some relevant authors, GEST 199, 399, 599, 699 from colonial times to contemporary ones. Independent Study in Gender Studies Taught in English and/or in Spanish. 6 units. Advanced study, arranged in consultation with Also listed as Spanish 545 an advisor. Students considering an honors project should register for this course for one Enrollment limit: 15 or more terms (see Honors at graduation, Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, its page 303). Variable credit. equivalent, or consent of instructor Courses in which individual work can be GEST 550 focused on gender Sexualities ANTH 302: The Family in Cross-Cultural An examination of how sexual desire, practice, Perspective and identity vary both within and between ANTH 308: Emotion, Identity, and Culture societies around the world. Explores topics ANTH 330: Language and Culture such as homosexuality, the sex industry, sexual ANTH 376: Urban Communities of the U.S. violence, and AIDS in both Western and non ANTH 508: Freaks, Deviants, and Stigmatized Western contexts. Attention to the relation People: Cultural Perspectives on Normality ships between sexuality, race, class, and gender. ART 200: Painting 6 units. ART 300: Intermediate Painting Also listed as Anthropology 406 ART 500: Advanced Painting Enrollment limit: 20 ARHI 200: Archaic and Classical Greek Art ARHI 202: Art of the Hellenistic Age Prerequisites: Anthropology 110 or 306 or ARHI 204: Roman Art gender Studies 100 or consent of instructor ARHI 212: Later Medieval Art and Architecture ARHI 220: Art of the Italian Renaissance GEST 555 ARHI 550: Seminar: Portraiture Women and Gender in Islam BIoL 103: Biotechnology and Society A critical examination of the constructs, BIoL 237: General Endocrinology institutions, and modes of thought that have EALC 260: East Asian Classics in Translation played a crucial role in defining women’s roles EALC 350: Modern Chinese Literature and in Muslim societies. An indepth focus on Cinema in Translation Islamic discourses on gender from the time of EDUC 330: Sociology and Philosophy of the prophet Muhammad to the present and an Education examination of some of the key issues that EDUC 350: Multicultural Education have shaped the status of women across Islamic ENg 260: Survey of African American Literature cultures. 6 units. ENg 460: The Victorian Age Also listed as Religious Studies 520 ENg 465: The English Novel Prerequisite: Two courses in religious studies ENg 500: Contemporary American Fiction or consent of instructor ENg 510: Selected Studies in African American Literature

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ENg 525: Contemporary Critical Theory HIST 291: Modern European Thought II FREN 520: Le Gai Savoir* HIST 470: The American Civil War FREN 522: Du Baroque au Moment Classique* HIST 480: Reconsidering the 1960s FREN 524: Le Siècle des Lumières* MURP 452: Literature of the Piano FREN 526: La Conscience Romantique* PSyC 260 or 265: Developmental Psychology FREN 528: Du Realisme au Symbolisme* PSyC 270: Social Psychology FREN 530: Du Modernísme au Post-Modernisme* PSyC 460: Adolescent Psychology FREN 550: Le Conte* PSyC 480: Historical Origins and Contemporary gER 521: Crisis and Innovation: German Viewpoints of Psychology Literature of the 19th Century** PSyC 560: Social Development goVT 340: International Politics RLST 240: Islam EALC 140 (HIST 160): Traditional East Asian RLST 280: Quran Civilization RUSS 300: Seduction, Marriage, and Adultery: EALC 150 (HIST 165): Modern East Asian 19th-Century Literature in Translation Civilization SPAN 520: Survey of Latin American HIST 205: Cross-Cultural Contacts in the Early Literature I*** Modern World SPAN 521: Survey of Latin American HIST 260: Culture and Power in Renaissance Literature II*** Europe THDR 327: Playscript Analysis HIST 261: Rebellion and Discipline in Reformation Europe * Taught in French HIST 280: Religion, Magic, and Witchcraft in ** Taught in German Early Modern Europe *** Taught in Spanish HIST 290: Modern European Thought I

136 Geology

Professor: Bjørnerud (chair) In many ways, geology is the ideal liberal Assistant professors: Clark, Hoch arts degree. It is a discipline that draws not only upon one’s observational and analytical If “geology” makes you think of dusty collections abilities but also upon one’s aesthetic and of rocks, minerals, and old bones, visit the creative instincts. Lawrence geology department. you will discover a thriving group of faculty members and students who consider geology to be a way of seeing Careers in geology the Earth, a lens through which the planet’s past and present come simultaneously into focus. Protecting and maintaining our physical Lawrence geology students have an environment, while simultaneously extracting exceptional range of research experiences, vital resources, presents scientific challenges comparable to what students from larger and creates a wide range of professional oppor universities would first encounter at graduate tunities. In addition to preparing students for school. In a single academic term, you could employment in the environmental geosciences, find yourself sampling iceage lake sediments the Lawrence geology department continues aboard the department’s research vessel, mapping to prepare students for careers in the energy the roots of an ancient mountain belt in and minerals industries, government, and earth Michigan’s upper peninsula, instrumenting a science education. Lawrence geology graduates watershed in northern Wisconsin, examining will tell you that a degree in geology is perfect microscopic rock structures with stateofthe preparation for a career in law, government, art imageanalysis software, and conducting business, technology, or the arts. geochemical and crystallographic studies with research equipment shared with the chemistry and physics departments. of the five to ten Required for the geology majors who graduate from Lawrence geology major each year, more than half complete senior thesis projects, and many present results of their A. Required core sequence research at professional meetings. geology 110: Introductory Geology Fieldbased studies are at the heart of the geology 210: History of Earth and Life Lawrence geology program. Recent destinations geology 240: Chemistry of the Earth: Low- for the annual alldepartment field trip have Temperature Environments included Hawaii, Wyoming, Colorado, the geology 250: Chemistry of the Earth: High- grand Canyon, and Puerto Rico. Shorter trips Temperature Environments are integrated into academicyear courses, and geology 360: Physics of the Earth: Surface there also are opportunities for summer field Processes courses, internships, and research projects. geology 370: Physics of the Earth: Subsurface Appleton is within a few hours’ drive of classical Processes geological localities, including iron ore deposits geology 600: Senior Capstone: Quaternary and ancient volcanoes in northern Wisconsin Studies and Michigan, a fossil forest preserved in glacial B. Additional courses in geology sediments on the shores of Lake Michigan, and Three additional 6unit courses in geology, the worldrenowned glacial landscape of the including two courses numbered 200 or the Kettle Moraine. Local environmental issues higher and at least one seminar, extended related to surface and groundwater protection field trip, or internship also provide the basis for student field projects. 137 gEoLogy

C. Courses in other sciences and mathematics 4. At least 10 term courses in the sciences Chemistry 115 (may be waived by placement (biology, chemistry, geology, and physics) exam); Mathematics 107 or 117 or 120 or numbered 200 or above, with at least 140 or 207 five in geology and at least three in the Physics 120 or 150 secondary discipline 5. geology 600 Required for the geology minor Certification for secondary teaching in earth science A. Required core sequence geology 110: Introductory Geology Students preparing for certification to teach geology 210: History of Earth and Life earth science in secondary schools are required Any two of the following: to complete the following: geology 240: Chemistry of the Earth: 1. geology 110 and geology 180, 214 (or Low-Temperature Environments Philosophy 330), 210, 240, 250, 260, 360, geology 250: Chemistry of the Earth: 370, and 600 plus tutorials in field methods High-Temperature Environments or attendance at a field camp. geology 360: Physics of the Earth: Surface 2. Physics 110: Topics in Astronomy, plus one Processes other course chosen from chemistry, physics, geology 370: Physics of the Earth: Subsurface or biology. These requirements are needed Processes for teacher certification in Wisconsin. B. Additional courses in geology Please refer to the education department, Three additional 6unit courses in geology, page 95, for more detailed information on including one with a laboratory and at least teacher certification. two numbered 200 or higher and: one 3unit seminar, extended field trip, or Courses internship C. C average in the minor GEOL 110 Introductory Geology An introduction to the study of the Earth, Required for the interdisci- examining the interdependent global systems plinary major in the natural (atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, tectosphere) that set Earth apart from its planetary neighbors. sciences in geology and a Emphasis is also placed on human participation secondary discipline in and perturbation of these systems. 6 units. one lab per week 1. geology 110 and geology 210 2. Physics 150 and 160 or, with the permis Enrollment limit: 48 sion of the secondary department, Physics 120 and 130. GEOL 130 3. Either: Planetary Geology a. Biology 110 and 120 or Biology 110 and Comparative analysis of the rocky planets and 140 or: moons, with emphasis on how these other b. Chemistry 115 and 116 or Chemistry worlds provide insights into the origin and 119 or equivalent, chosen to include the evolution of Earth. 6 units. secondary interest

138 gEoLogy

GEOL 150 introduced as the basis of remote sensing. Environmental Science Interpretation and manipulation of remotely Presents principles of biology, chemistry, and sensed images are used to demonstrate the geology that relate to such environmental wealth of information remote sensing provides. issues as resource limitation, pollution, and Applications and case studies from geology, environmental degradation. Designed to environmental science, ecology, agronomy, and foster understanding of scientific measures of urban planning will be explored. 6 units. environ mental quality. Four class meetings per Also listed as Environmental Studies 237 week, including one discussion session. 6 units. Prerequisite: geology 110 Enrollment limit: 60 High school physics recommended Also listed as Environmental Studies 150 GEOL 230 GEOL 180 Geoarchaeology Issues in Geosciences An exploration of depositional environments A reading course on topics in the history and and burial processes associated with archaeo philosophy of science, the interaction of science logical sites. Interpretation of paleoenvironments and society, and environmental issues, particularly of buried soils and strata will be emphasized. as they relate to geology. Especially for students 6 units. who intend to teach in secondary schools. 3 units. Also listed as Anthropology 420 Offered on demand Prerequisites: geology 110 and Anthropology 140

GEOL 210 GEOL 240 History of the Earth and Life Chemistry of the Earth: A study of the physical, chemical, and organic Low-Temperature Environments evolution of the Earth since its origin 4.5 billion A detailed introduction to properties of years ago, with emphasis on times of change and geologically and environmentally important crisis. The course also examines the evolution minerals. Emphasis is placed on mineral of ideas about Earth’s history, illustrating how properties, tools of mineral identification, science and culture are inherently entangled. mineral associations, and chemical reactivity 6 units. of minerals in earth surface and nearsurface environments. 6 units. Also listed as Environmental Studies 230 one lab per week Prerequisite: geology 110 Also listed as Environmental Studies 240 GEOL 214 Prerequisites: geology 110 and Chemistry 115 Weather, Climate, and Climate Change A study of basic meteorologic principles and GEOL 250 climate patterns. These phenomena will be Chemistry of the Earth: High- discussed in relation to evidence of past climate Temperature Environments change and implications of global warming on Introduction to the chemical processes that future climate. 6 units. form igneous and metamorphic rocks, with Also listed as Environmental Studies 235 emphasis on how mineralogical, chemical, and isotopic clues can be used to gather information Prerequisite: geology 110 or 150 about Earth’s early history and its inaccessible interior. 6 units. GEOL 220 Remote Sensing of the Environment one lab per week Fundamentals of electromagnetic radiation and Prerequisites: geology 110, Chemistry 115, the interaction of radiation with matter are and geology 240 139 gEoLogy

GEOL 340 Advanced Geochemistry GEOL 430 overview of the chemistry of geological pro Watershed Hydrology cesses in aqueous environments. Includes An introduction to the basic components of review of thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, the hydrologic cycle, focusing on surface water phase equilibria, mineral solubility, redox and groundwater systems. Measurement and reactions, and stable isotopes with geologic analysis of hydrologic data are emphasized. examples. 6 units. Application to contemporary issues such as one lab per week flooding, watershed development, and ground water contamination will be discussed. 6 units. Also listed as Environmental Studies 330 one lab per week Prerequisites: geology 240 and Chemistry 115, or consent of instructor Also listed as Environmental Studies 430 Chemistry 116 recommended Prerequisite: geology 110 Physics 120 or 150 recommended GEOL 360 Physics of the Earth: Surface GEOL 440 Environments Contaminant Transport and Fate This course studies the movement of water, Hydrology and chemistry of dissolved solute, and sediment through the landscape and contaminants in surface waters, groundwaters, the resulting properties and distribution of and their associated media. Introduction to surficial earth materials and landforms. Topics principles of reactive transport modeling and include weathering; soil development; runoff; use of current computer models with relevant mass movement; river, glacial, and coastal pro examples. 6 units. cesses; and deposition in sedimentary Also listed as Environmental Studies 435 environments. 6 units. Prerequisites: geology 240 and Mathematics one lab per week 120 or 140 or consent of instructor Also listed as Environmental Studies 335 Prerequisite: geology 110 and 240 or consent GEOL 460 of instructor Crustal Recycling Study of the interactions between tectonic and Physics 120 or 150 recommended sedimentary processes, including mountain building and erosion, isostasy and deposition, GEOL 370 and subduction of continentderived sediment. Physics of the Earth: Sub-Surface Processes 6 units. Introduction to the study of the mechanics of Earth’s crust and mantle, including mountain Prerequisites: geology 110 and one other building processes, seismicity and faulting, course in geology mantle convection, interpretation of deformed rocks. 6 units. GEOL 520 Seminar in Selected Topics in Geology Fourday field trip late in term An opportunity for students to read and one lab per week analyze primary literature on significant topics Prerequisite: geology 240 or consent in geology. 3 units. of instructor Prerequisite: Consent of instructor

140 gEoLogy

GEOL 550 GEOL 199, 399, 599, 699 Seminar in Field Geology Independent Study in Geology During spring break, winter break, or prior to Advanced research, arranged in consultation Term I, students conduct field investigations at with the department. Students considering an an area of geological complexity, such as the honors project should register for this course, grand Canyon, Death Valley, Wyoming, Hawaii, for one or more terms (see Honors at the Florida Keys, southern Colorado, or graduation, page 303). Variable credit. Puerto Rico. 3 units; S/U only. Prerequisites: geology 110 and consent of instructor Recent tutorial topics in geology GEOL 600 Quaternary Studies Impact Cratering Senior capstone course in geology; an interdis Hydrogeology ciplinary investigation of some aspect of the geologic Hazards geologic record of the Quaternary period, gaia with emphasis on late Pleistocene landforms Dendroclimatology and deposits in the Lake Michigan and Lake Wetland Hydrology Superior region. Each student will participate Volcanology in a fieldbased collaborative project. 6 units. Prerequisite: Senior standing in geology or environmental studies

GEOL 190, 390, 590, 690 Tutorial Studies in Geology Advanced work, arranged and carried out in consultation with an instructor. Variable credit. Prerequisite: consent of instructor

GEOL 195, 395, 595, 695 Internship in the Geosciences An opportunity for students to gain work experience in industry, government, or the nonprofit sector. The academic component, supervised by a Lawrence instructor, includes readings, discussion with the instructor, and a formal presentation and written report, which can be used to satisfy the geology department’s senior seminar requirement. (grades are based on this academic work.) Intended to be used for research that is later developed into an honors project. Applications for an internship must be submitted by the fifth week of the term preceding the proposed internship. Variable credit. Prerequisites: Junior standing as a geology major and consent of instructor Offered on demand 141 German

Professors: Friedlander (emerita), Ternes Required for the Associate professors: Lanouette, Peterson (chair) German major The study of german at Lawrence involves not only the acquisition of the german language 1. german 280 and german 401. but also exploration of the culture, literature, 2. Seven additional courses above german politics, and history of the germanspeaking 202, with at least one course each in the countries. Through the examination of texts, literature of the 18th, 19th, and 20th cen literary and otherwise, students acquire the turies. only one course in translation, and skills necessary to analyze texts and cultures, only four courses from offcampus programs, skills they can carry from one course to another. may count toward the major. german 270 We have two main goals for german is not required but is strongly recommended. majors: 1) advanced proficiency in thegerman 3. Majors must complete a senior project that language, and 2) cultural competence, by may take any form appropriate to the study which we mean the ability to analyze cultures, of german. rather than memorization of a list of facts. To 4. one course from the following: help students achieve advanced proficiency in History 260, 261, 275, 291. the language, we conduct all courses entirely in german, unless otherwise noted in this Required for the catalog. To achieve cultural competence, students undertake close analysis of a variety of texts German minor and relate those texts to contexts both in other disciplines at Lawrence and outside academia. 1. A total of six courses beyond german 202, A german major prepares students for such to include: german 280. careers as teaching, international business, and 2. of the remaining five courses, two should government service and for graduate study in be in literature and one in culture. only such fields asg erman studies three courses completed in offcampus More than 120 million people — one programs may count toward the minor. quarter of all Europeans — speak german as german 270 is not required but is strongly their native language, and german is the second recommended. most commonly used language (after English) 3. C average in the minor. on the Internet. Its strong economy makes germany the most important trading partner for almost all European countries and the Recommended courses fifthlargest trading partner of the United outside the department States. More than 1,100 companies from germanspeaking countries have subsidiaries Majors are encouraged to work in at least one in the U.S., and more than 750 U.S. companies other language and/or literature and to take do business in germany. Thus, a command of courses in areas related to german culture the german language greatly broadens students’ other than those concerned with literary study career options and opportunities in such fields (e.g., courses in linguistics, german or European as domestic and international commerce, gov history, and philosophy). ernment service, industry, and many others. If students are interested in an interdisci plinary major, members of the department will

142 gERMAN cooperate with advisors from other departments Course numbering in planning a program suited to the needs of the students. Courses numbered 101299 are primarily language courses. They introduce the student to the most important grammatical concepts Placement and linguistic skills. Courses numbered in the 300s and 400s All students interested in taking any course introduce the student to literary analysis, the in german are required to take a placement major genres, and german culture and civiliza examination, administered during New tion. german 351, 352, and 360 introduce Student Week. students to aspects of german culture in translation. Foreign study The 500 level courses provide continued practice in active language skills and analysis, The department strongly encourages majors introduce students to literary theory and literary to spend at least one term in one of the IES history, and deepen insights into german culture programs in Berlin, Freiburg, or Vienna. These and civilization. programs are available to nonmajors as well. Seminarstyle courses, either as fiveweek See offCampus Programs, page 277, or miniseminars or as fulllength tenweek sessions, consult the departmental advisor for offcampus deal intensively with selected works by a single programs. Students must be enrolled in a author or with a specific theme. german course in the term preceding study Tutorial studies and independent projects abroad. can be pursued at beginning, intermediate, or advanced levels.

Opportunities for non-majors Courses While all courses in the german department are open to nonmajors as well as majors, a GER 101 number of courses may be of special interest German 1 to nonmajors. Successful completion of the The first course of a twoterm sequence that threecourse sequence german 101, 102, 201 introduces students to the basics of german. satisfies the foreign language requirement. The traditional four skills of speaking, writing, Students seeking to improve their writing and reading, and listening are practiced, yet the speaking skills beyond the intermediate level prime concern is adequate comprehension may take german 270 or 280 and, possibly, and response within a given situation. 6 units. tutorial study. In addition, there is a german film course offered in translation and crosslisted GER 102 under theatre and drama. This course fulfills German 2 the core requirement in theatre and drama or A continuation of german 101. Students the dimensions of diversity requirement. Courses improve their communicative skills, read texts in translation may not be used to fulfill the of increasing difficulty, and enter a phase of foreign language requirement. intensive writing. 6 units. Prerequisite: german 101 or the equivalent

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GER 130 GER 280 Accelerated German 1 and 2 Praktische Übungen Zur The first course of a twoterm sequence Deutschen Sprache designed to quickly cover the basics of Intensive practice in written and spoken german grammar. While all four skills — german. Attention to elements of advanced speaking, writing, reading, and listening — grammar and questions of style. Readings are practiced, there is strong emphasis on the include selected short and mediumlength development of reading and writing skills. fiction and articles from magazines and Primarily intended for students with some newspapers. 6 units. high school german. 6 units. Prerequisite: german 202 or consent of instructor GER 201 Intermediate German GER 310 Further development of the four basic skills Introduction to German Literature with an emphasis on increasing the student’s An introduction to the techniques and methods ability to understand literary as well as non of literary analysis through close examination literary texts of increasing difficulty. Readings are of a number of works representing various supplemented by a thorough review of grammar. genres, styles, and periods. Readings restricted 6 units. to shorter fiction (short stories and novellas), Successful completion of german 201 satisfies poetry, and drama. Designed as preparation Lawrence’s foreign language requirement. for literature courses in the 500 series. 6 units. Prerequisite: german 102 or german 130 or Prerequisite: german 202 or 270 or the the equivalent equivalent or consent of instructor

GER 202 GER 351 Intermediate German II German Literature as Film Further and more advanced training and practice A comparative study of 19th and 20th century in listening, reading, writing, and speaking, as german literature (drama, stories, poems) with well as continued attention to grammatical their cinematic treatments. Emphasis on the problems. 6 units. interconnections between dramatic and narrative Prerequisite: german 201 or the equivalent modes of cinematic representation, as well as on the exploration of literature and film as GER 270 different media. 6 units. German for Special Purposes Also listed as Theatre and Drama 350 An advanced languageacquisition course, intended to familiarize students with specialized GER 352 vocabulary and communicative practices in Women Filmmakers in the germanspeaking countries. Emphasis on inten German-Speaking Countries sive reading practice and listening proficiency, A study of major filmmakers in thegerman as well as on appropriate oral and written speaking countries since the late 1960s (Sander, discourse. Thematic focus will vary from year von Trotta, Dörrie, Export, Schönemann, and to year; possible topics include the language others). Focus on images of women, gender, of business, of the environment, of the arts, etc. and social relations in different cinematic genres The focus for 200203 will be music. 6 units. (biography, comedy, documentary, experimental Prerequisite: german 202 or consent film) and within critical representations of of instructor historical events. 6 units. Also listed as gender Studies 255 and Theatre and Drama 281

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GER 353 viewings of pertinent films. 6 units. From Caligari to Hitler? Weimar Cinema Prerequisite: german 270 or 310 or consent This course offers an overview of german of instructor filmmaking in the crucial years 19191933, when germans produced some of the world’s GER 501 most innovative films. It was also an era that German Literature from 800 to 1700 began with germany’s bitter defeat in World A study of representative works of the main War I and ended with the Nazi seizure of literary periods between 800 and 1700. power. We will view films whose aesthetic and Particular emphasis is placed on the medieval political perspectives vary widely, and students epics (Nibelungenlied, Parzival) and upon the will learn how to read those films in the context lyric poetry of the Middle Ages (Walther von of their times. 6 units. der Vogelweide). 6 units. GER 360 Prerequisite: one course in the 300 series or Growing Up Female consent of instructor Explores expressions of female childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood in german GER 511 culture (literature, theatre, cinema, art, etc.). The Age of Goethe Discussion considers social, historical, and Close analysis and interpretation of works by psychological influences on the development Lessing, goethe, and Schiller, focusing on the of gender but concentrates on the ways in ways in which the concept of the artist/literary which artistic and literary production stabilize genius became central to the literary movements or undermine the formation of female gender of Sturm und Drang and Weimaer Klassik, as well identity. Close textual examination of selected as on the ways in which the aesthetic “vision” works by women and men from 1800 to the of Classical Weimar shaped political ideas of present, with emphasis on the 20th century. community and nationhood. 6 units. Taught in English with special german language Prerequisite: one course in the 300 series or assignments for students who want to apply consent of instructor the course toward the german major. 6 units. Also listed as gender Studies 360 GER 512 German Enlightenment Enrollment limit: 20 An overview of texts by men and women of Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent the late 18th century. Focus on the Enlighten of instructor ment as an age of contradictory impulses (reason versus sentimentality, civilization versus nature). GER 401 A study of key concepts, themes, and genres Contemporary German Culture puts the literary currents of the period in a and Politics broadly cultural perspective. 6 units. The course will provide the student with a Prerequisite: one course in the 300 series or critical understanding of postwar and con consent of instructor temporary german culture. The topics will change from year to year and will range from GER 521 the struggle over germany’s conscience to the Crisis and Innovation: German ecological debate, from the immigration ques Literature of the 19th Century tion to the gradual process of democratization. Explores the shifting understanding of literature Taught in german. Discussions and written in the course of the century. Study of major work will be based on relevant articles in male and female writers and political, philo books, newspapers, and magazines and on

145 gERMAN sophical, and artistic movements that led the Internship in German way from Romanticism’s fantasy and An opportunity for students to apply their Weltschmerz to Realism’s critical affirmation german language skills in business, government, of the world. 6 units. and the nonprofit sector on the regional, Prerequisite: one course in the 300 series or national, and international level. Arranged in consent of instructor collaboration with and supervised by a member of the department. Includes readings, discussion, GER 531 report, and/or portfolio. Advance consultation Modern German Literature and application required. 2 to 3 units, repeatable A study of the major writers and literary for up to 6 units. movements from Naturalism (ca. 1890) to the Prerequisite: Equivalent of german 101 1950s. Authors include Hauptmann, Mann, or above Brecht, Kafka, Rilke, Hesse. 6 units. Offered on demand Prerequisite: one course in the 300 series or consent of instructor GER 199, 399, 599, 699 Independent Study in German GER 532 Advanced research on a topic of the student’s Contemporary German Literature choice, arranged in consultation with the A study of the major writers and literary department. one or more terms may be elected. movements in germany, Austria, and Students considering an honors project should Switzerland from the 1960s to the present. register for this course (see Honors at graduation, Authors include Heinrich Böll, günter grass, page 303). Variable credit. Martin Walser, Peter Handke, F. X. Kroetz, Botho Strauss, Christa Wolf, and others. 6 units. Prerequisite: one course in the 300 series or Recent tutorial topics consent of instructor in German

GER 581 18thCentury Women Playwrights Seminars in German Literature Nietzsche as Writer Fiveweek or tenweek seminars dealing german Bestsellers intensively with works of a single author or Comparative grammar of English and german with a specific genre or theme. 3 or 6 units. Representing World War II in New german Prerequisite: one course in the 300 series or Cinema consent of instructor Women and Family in 19thCentury german Literature GER 190, 390, 590, 690 Advanced german for Music Tutorial Studies in German Individual study arranged and carried out in close consultation with an instructor. May be taken for more than one term. Variable credit.

GER 195, 395, 595, 695

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Professors: Adenwalla (emeritus), Hah Behavior I and II (page 000) will receive 6 Associate professor: Skran (chair) units toward a required elective. Assistant professors: Frazier, Wulf Tutorial instruction, usually in the Instructor: grose senior year, is available to all government Scarff professor: Meyer majors. Independent study and honors work in government are encouraged. In Instruction in the government department addition to work in government, all majors responds to an intensely political age and its are asked to consult with their advisors and intellectual challenges. Its main objective is to take as many courses as possible from the help students develop a clear understanding of social sciences that complement their core political values, behavior, institutions, processes, programs in government. and policies, as well as theories and modes of Students intending to do graduate work analysis central to the study of politics. Because in political science or in a related field are politics affects everyone, the department offers urged to take statistics, computer science, a comprehensive program. and at least one modern foreign language. The introductory course (government 110) Students interested in international provides an introduction to the analysis of the relations should explore the interdisciplinary contemporary political system primarily through area in international studies (see page 167). an examination of the theory and practice of Students interested in law school should American government. Students proceeding consult with the prelaw advisor, who usually further are introduced to the major problems is a member of the government department of political analysis and to the interplay of theory faculty. Students interested in the study of and data before going on to advanced courses law should note especially the following in American politics, comparative politics, courses in the area of public law: constitutional law, international politics, political government 320 or 321, 430, and 490. theory, and public policy and administration. The department encourages students to work in a onetoone relationship with faculty Required for the members in tutorial and independent studies. government minor

1. government 110 Required for the 2. Five courses numbered 200 or above, government major including at least one course in American politics, one course in comparative politics, 1. government 110 one course in international relations, one 2. one course in American politics course in political thought, and one other numbered 200 or above course 3. government 340 3. C average in the minor 4. government 350 5. government 400, 410, or 420 6. At least five additional advanced courses Off-campus study in government, numbered 200 or above Note: Any student completing University See Washington Semester, page 281. Courses 250 and 251: Self-Interest and Social

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Courses GOVT 215 Democracy in Comparative Perspective* GOVT 110 This course examines the key elements of Introduction to Political Science democratic systems, including those of the An introduction to the nature of contemporary United States, Japan, Britain, and Mexico. The politics and government. Topics drawn primarily course highlights political culture, institutions, from American national, state, and local gov and political processes, as well as key issues fac ernment and politics, with other political systems ing democracies today. Particular attention is introduced for compar ative purposes. Emphasis paid to policies and politics of race relations on such major concepts as power, legitimacy, and environmental concerns. 6 units. political culture, conflict, and rational choice and on an examination of how a political system GOVT 216 manages problems related to political change. The Japanese-U.S. Alliance and 6 units. Power Politics* An examination of the origins and development GOVT 140 of the U.S.Japan Alliance since 1945 that International Studies considers the internal and international politics An introductory study of the interaction of the two countries, explicitly employing of social, cultural, linguistic, political, and relevant theories of politics, economics, and economic factors in the perception and under psychology. Major topics to be covered include standing of the relations among states and conflict and cooperation over military relations, nonstate actors in global politics. Analytical base issues, nuclear weapons, Asia/Pacific secu approaches from anthropology, linguistics, history, rity, and economictechnological issues. Special political science, and economics are used to attention is given to theories of realism, alliance develop explanations of these per ceptions. formation, bargaining, and cognitive social Special attention is paid to the role of diplomacy psychology. 6 units. in promoting cooperation. Required for the interdisciplinary area in International Studies; GOVT 220 does not count toward the government major. American Elections, Candidates, 6 units. and Political Parties A study of the development, organization, GOVT 210 structure, and activities of American political Survey Research Methods for parties, with special attention to the recruit Political Analysis ment and selection of presidential candidates. How do political scientists carry out research 6 units. using survey and other data? This course Prerequisite: government 110 or consent focuses on qualitative and quantitative research of instructor through actual projects concerning such topics as election, public opinion, and policy choices. Specific research methods covered include research design, sampling, questionnaire construction, interviewing, and analysis of data. Emphasis on applications, including computer * Registration will be limited to students participating in usage. open to majors and nonmajors. the Waseda Exchange Program. If seats are available after all 6 units. program participants are accommodated, other students will Prerequisite: government 110 be allowed to register, with the permission of the instructor.

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GOVT 230 attention to the rise of modern nationalism, Interest Groups, PACs, and the ebb and flow of the independence move the Policy Process ment, the structure of modern government, An analysis of the role of interest groups and and the contemporary political crisis in India. lobbyists in contemporary American politics, 6 units. especially their influence in making, imple Prerequisite: government 110 or sophomore menting, and evaluating public policy. Special standing. attention to public interest lobbying, the rise of singleissue interest groups, and the growing GOVT 260 significance of Political Action Committees European Democracies (PACs). 6 units. An examination of the historical development Prerequisite: government 110 or consent and contemporary characteristics of western of instructor European political systems that first compares the contemporary systems of great Britain, GOVT 235 France, and germany and then focuses on American Political Thought particular challenges facing European democ This course examines the character and histori racies today. Particular attention to the process cal development of American political thought. of European integration and the role of the Students analyze ideas about liberty, virtue, European Union. 6 units. equality, authority, and community expressed Prerequisite: government 110 or sophomore in political tracts and speeches from colonial standing times to the present. 6 units. Prerequisite: government 110 or consent GOVT 265 of instructor Southeast Asian Politics This course serves as an introduction to the GOVT 240 politics of Southeast Asia, a region of substantial Chinese Politics and Society cultural, religious, ethnic, and political diversity. A study of salient aspects of Chinese society Through an examination of particular states in and politics, including MarxismLeninism the region, this course addresses issues of Maoism, the development of the Chinese nationstate formation and national identity, revolution, revolu tionary transformation of political institutions and legacies, economic Chinese society, patterns of political conflict, development, and regional interstate coopera the goals of public policy, and the major tion. 6 units. problems in China’s political moderniza tion. Also listed as East Asian Languages and 6 units. Cultures 270 Also listed as East Asian Languages and Prerequisite: government 110 or consent Cultures 410 of instructor Prerequisite: govern ment 110 or consent of instructor GOVT 270 Global Environmental Politics GOVT 250 This course provides an examination of the Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Politics in environment as an issue in world politics. Modern India Emphasis will be placed on the role of both A study of the attempt to modernize tradition state and nonstate actors (i.e., the UN, Ngos) directed societies into nationstates. Particular in global environmental regimes that are

149 goVERNMENT designed to deal with global warming, ozone GOVT 320 depletion, and other environmental issues. Introduction to Constitutional Law Particular attention will be paid to the positions A study of the development of constitutional taken by both developed and developing law through an analysis of landmark cases of countries. As part of the course, students will the Supreme Court of the United States. participate in a simulation of an international Special attention to the great legal questions negotiation on an environmental issue. 6 units. concerning the origin and scope of judicial Also listed as Environmental Studies 270 review, property rights, and the development of due process, federalism, and the separation Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or of powers. 6 units. Environmental Studies 150 or government 110 Enrollment limit: 30 GOVT 280 Prerequisite: government 110 or sophomore U.S. Foreign Policy standing Analysis and interpretation of the nature, pat terns, and trends of American foreign policy GOVT 321 since World War II. Emphasis on the origins, Civil Liberties and the Supreme Court development, and passing of the Cold War and A study of landmark 20thcentury civilrights on factors of continuing significance. 6 units. and liberties cases in U.S. constitutional law. Prerequisite: government 110 or consent of These cases involve critical constitutional issues instructor concerning the nationalization of the Bill of Rights, freedom of speech and press, abortion GOVT 290 and the right to privacy, desegregation and Women and Politics affirmative action. 6 units. A survey of the role of women in contemporary Enrollment limit: 35 politics, both domestic and international. Topics Prerequisite: government 110 or sophomore covered include the feminist movement in the standing U.S. and other democracies, women as political actors, and women’s contribution to war and GOVT 330 peace. 6 units. Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics Also listed as gender Studies 330 An examination of the origins, development, Prerequisite: government 110 or sophomore and collapse of the Soviet Union and the standing. contemporary politics of Russia, other successor states, and the former Eastern bloc countries. GOVT 310 (21) Emphasis on the legacies of Stalinism, the role Urban Politics of ideology and institutions, and problems An analysis of contemporary American urban involved in political and economic reform politics, including patterns of metropolitan throughout the former Communist world. conflict and interdependence. Special attention Particular attention will be paid to the role of will be given to the decline of the bigcity nationalism in both domestic and international machine, suburban and centralcity politics, politics. 6 units. metropolitan areawide cooperative possibilities, Prerequisite: government 110 or sophomore models of urban power, seemingly intractable standing social problems, and strategies of and limitations on political protest movements. 6 units. Prerequisite: government 110 or consent of instructor.

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GOVT 335 GOVT 360 Political Economy of East Asia The American Presidency This course examines the policies and politics Why are presidents such chronic disappoint associated with the emergence and continued ments? This class focuses on the barriers to dynamism of the East Asian economies. The successful presidential leadership and the strat course will cover various debates over the roles egies presidents use to overcome them. Topics of the state, culture, and market institutions in covered include presidential character, elections, explaining the region’s rapid economic devel bureaucracy, media, Congress, and policymak opment and the viability of current development ing. 6 units. models in a global economy. 6 units. Prerequisite: government 110 or consent Also listed as East Asian Languages and of instructor Cultures 335 Prerequisite: government 110 or consent GOVT 370 of instructor Power and Policy-Making in Congress An analysis of the politics of policymaking GOVT 340 in the U.S. Congress, with special attention to International Politics recent dramatic changes in the distribution of An analysis of patterns of interactions of state power within that institution. Emphasis on and nonstate actors in a system without Congress as a political institution with some supreme authority, focusing on alternative reference to other legislative bodies in the theoretical frame works rather than substantive United States and to the British House of problems. Special emphasis on “realist” and Commons. 6 units. “liberal” theories, the nature and uses of power Prerequisite: government 110 or consent in international politics, the causes of wars, and of instructor approaches to peace. 6 units. Prerequisite: government 110 or 140 or soph GOVT 380 omore standing or consent of instructor Introduction to Public Policy A survey of public policy in the United States, GOVT 350 analyzing issues such as welfare, environment, Comparative Politics: Asia, Africa, crime, civil rights, and others. Policy problems and Latin America and case studies used to examine the theory of A comparative study of the crucial issues and policy formation, decisionmaking, and problems of statebuilding in old and new implementa tion. 6 units. countries in the developing areas. Emphasis on Prerequisite: government 110 or consent theories of political modernization and their of instructor application to concrete cases, especially Japan, and a comparison of it with other countries, GOVT 400 mainly in Africa and Latin America. Topics History of Political Thought — include political culture, nationalism, revolution, Plato to Hobbes politics of economic development, and the A study of the central and persistent problems relation of development to regime types and of political theory as interpreted through the legitimacy. 6 units. writings of outstanding political theorists: Prerequisite: government 110 or consent Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Aquinas, Machia velli, of instructor Luther, and Hobbes. 6 units. Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent of instructor

151 goVERNMENT

GOVT 410 Enrollment limit: 20 History of Political Thought — Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent Locke to Marx of instructor A study of the central and persistent problems of political theory as interpreted through the government 110 recommended writings of some outstanding political theorists: Locke, Rousseau, Burke, Mill, and Marx. GOVT 450 6 units. The Politics of Nuclear Weapons and Arms Control Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent An examination of the impact of nuclear of instructor weapons in international politics, focusing on how such weapons have altered the meaning GOVT 420 of national security concepts like offense, The Political Philosophy of defense, and deterrence. Special emphasis on Modern Democracy the nature of the nuclear “revolution,” the A seminar exploring the conflict over the development of Russian and American values that sustain liberal democracy. Specific operational doctrines, and the problems of problems investigated include the question arms control. 6 units. of the individual’s relationship to the political community, political obligation and civil dis Enrollment limit: 18. obedience, and liberty and authority. Selections Prerequisites: Junior standing and government from such authors as ortega y gasset, Sigmund 280 or 350, or consent of instructor Freud, John Hallowell, Herbert Marcuse, and Ernst Becker. 6 units. GOVT 460 Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent Public Administration of instructor. An exploration of basic organizational theory in the context of U.S. public policy. Emphasis on the interaction of cognitive processes, GOVT 430 institutional arrangements, and task require The Supreme Court as Both Political ments in complex decision systems. 6 units. and Judicial Institution A seminar in judicial decisionmaking, Prerequisite: government 110 emphasizing the judiciary as a political institution. Special attention to the sources, GOVT 465 instruments, strategies, impact, and limitations Environmental Policy, Politics, of judicial power. 6 units. and Justice This course examines aspects of America’s Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent environmental politics, policies, and justice. It of instructor will explore questions such as: Do acid rain, intractable urban smog, toxic wastes, and GOVT 440 endangered spotted owls signify a march Politics of Race and Ethnic Relations toward ecological disaster? Who has rights to A comparative, interdisciplinary examination nature, how are those rights specified, and of the theories of race and ethnic relations, of what are the duties and responsibilities that underlying conditions and patterns of ethnic accompany those rights? Who is setting the conflict, and of governmental responses to such political agenda regarding America’s environ conflict. Emphasis on the role of the state and mental policies, and are they focusing on the governmental policy in the development of most important priorities? How good a job are ethnic identities, ethnic social movements, and environmental policies and regulations doing, ethnic conflict in multiethnic societies. and can they balance economic concerns with 6 units.

152 goVERNMENT environmental protection? Special attention of violence, promotion of peace, protection of will be given to the debates about environ human rights, and management of resources. mental justice, by examining such questions Current problems and the outlook for the as: Do poor and minority populations suffer future world order are assessed. 6 units. disproportionately from exposure to toxic mate Prerequisite: govern ment 110 or 140 or soph rial — i.e., environmental injustice? How per omore standing vasive is environmental racism? 6 units. Also listed as Environmental Studies 470 GOVT 495 Prerequisite: government 110 and junior Health Policy standing, or consent of instructor A seminar addressing present and prospective health care policy in the United States. Emphasis GOVT 470 on various contemporary health care problems, Political Corruption and Reform including high and rising costs, differences in This course will assess major issues concerning access to medical service, and tradeoffs American political corruption and political between cost and quality. Specific topics include reform, focusing upon campaign funding and Medicare, Medicaid, medical malpractice, profit practices, lobbying, and the motives of political versus notonlyforprofit producers of care, and leaders. Special attention will be paid to public alternative delivery systems. 6 units. attitudes toward and practices of Congress, Enroll ment limit: 20 political parties, interest groups, and the Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent presidency. 6 units. of instructor Prerequisite: government 110 or consent of instructor GOVT 500 Senior Seminar in Government GOVT 480 offerings for 200203: International Organizations An examination of the role of international The Sino-Indian Rivalry organizations (Ios) in world politics, focusing This seminar explores relations between the on both the historical development and the world’s two most populous states, China and contemporary functions of the United Nations India, and the emergence of each in recent and other Ios in regard to the promotion of decades as a regional power in Asia. Emphasis is international peace and security. Attention also placed on the study of primary materials such to the role of Ios in regard to global issues such as memoirs, white papers, speeches, etc., to as peacekeeping, humanitarian intervention, and understand the material and ideological forces environmental protection and to regional shaping past and contemporary episodes of organiza tions, especially the European Union. competition and cooperation between China As part of the course, students will participate and India. 6 units. in a simulation of the United Nations. 6 units. Prerequisites: government 140, government Race, Law, Politics 340, or sophomore standing This course will examine the complex relation ship between race, law, and politics in the GOVT 490 United States. Particular attention will be paid International Law to developments since the Civil Rights era. A study of the role of law in international 6 units. politics. Attention to the distinctive nature Enrollment limit: 18 of the international legal system and to the relevance of international law to the control

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THE STEPHEN EDWARD SCARFF GOVT 305 MEMORIAL VISITING Topics in Diplomacy and Foreign Affairs PROFESSORSHIP This course focuses on a significant topic related The Scarff Professorship, typically a oneyear to diplomacy and foreign affairs, taught by a visiting appointment, makes available to Scarff Professor who is a professional diplomat. Lawrence students the realworld experience The exact topic will vary, depending on the and knowledge of distinguished public interests and expertise of the instructor. Possible servants, professional leaders, and scholars. topics to be explored include the foreign policy In 200203, the Stephen Edward Scarff of a particular country (i.e., Soviet foreign Memorial Visiting Professor is george Meyer, policy), an important diplomatic event (i.e., former secretary of the Wisconsin Department Revolutions of 1989), or a particular interna of Natural Resources. tional economic issue (i.e., globalization). In the course, the instructor will analyze the GOVT 205 relationship between theory and practice, Introduction to Diplomacy and emphasizing the reallife problems that diplo Foreign Affairs mats face when they conduct foreign policy. This course provides students with an intro 6 units. duction to American diplomacy, taught by a Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent Scarff Professor who is a professional diplomat. of instructor The exact topic of the course will vary, depending on the interests and expertise of the Not offered in 2002-03 instructor. 6 units. GOVT 306 Not offered in 2002-03 Topics in Government, Politics, and Law Offerings for 2002-03 GOVT 206 Introduction to Environmental Law Environmental Politics and the Crandon This course presents an overview of the major Mine Controversy environmental laws of the State of Wisconsin This course explores the theory and the actual and the United States, their interaction, and practice of how environmental policy is devel insights into their practical application. Specific oped in Wisconsin and the United States. The emphasis will be on laws related to water reg prime example used is the regulation of metallic ulations, endangered resources, air pollution, mining in Wisconsin and specifically the water quality, waste management, fish and Crandon Mine in Forest County. The course wildlife management, environmental impact, focuses on the development of a comprehensive and forestry. It is designed to have value for mining policy in the state 20 years ago and the those aspiring to have careers in law, environ current permitting process for the Crandon mental management and protection, or public Mine. guest lecturers, involved in both past policy or those individuals wishing to have a mining policy development and the current general background in the subject. There are permitting process and representing a wide class opportunities to interact with environ diversity of opinions on the subject, will share mental professionals in the private and public their perspectives on the issue. 6 units. sectors. 6 units. Also listed as Environmental Studies 301 Also listed as Environmental Studies 302 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor

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Environmental Management Systems: Recent tutorial topics Locally and Globally in government This course focuses on what Environmental Management Systems (EMS) are and how they Privacy, Abortion, and the Supreme Court are being developed by businesses, government The Brazilian Military Coup, 1964 institutions, and schools to reduce adverse China’s Relations with Hong Kong, 19891995 environmental impacts from their operations. Electoral Strategy and Tactics in Local and The course includes the actual development State Politics by the students of an EMS for a local company Presidential DecisionMaking: President Clinton or institution. The course also surveys how International Human Rights Law EMSs are playing major roles in the improve The Rise of the Far Right in germany ment of the environment in Europe, the Far The Role of the U.N. Secretarygeneral in East, and the United States, including the PostCold War World Wisconsin. 6 units. greece and the European Union Also listed as Environmental Studies 303 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor

GOVT 190, 390, 590, 690 Tutorial Studies in Government Advanced study, arranged and carried out under the direction of an instructor. Variable credit.

GOVT 199, 399, 599, 699 Independent Study in Government Advanced research, arranged in consultation with the department. Students considering an honors project should register for this course, for one or more terms (see Honors at graduation, page 303). Variable credit.

155 History

Professors: Chaney (emeritus), Cohen (chair), to deepen their historical knowledge. To Doeringer this end, we have divided all courses above Associate professor: Kern the 200 level into three categories: North Assistant professors: Blitstein, gray1, Podair America (NA), Europe (E), and global and Lecturers: Myers, Rico Comparative (g&C). a. To serve the requirement for breadth, Consciously or not, all of us operate as historians. students must select three courses, one We make judgments and decisions based on from each of the three categories, that our knowledge, however inadequate, of what have a common date — e.g., 1650 or has gone before. Formal study of history — 1789 or 1914.* the critical examination of human accomplish b. To serve the requirement for depth, ments and failures — greatly enhances our students must select three courses within ability to judge and decide about private matters any one category (NA, E, g&C). as well as public issues. In the study of history c. Students must have one course that we seek the origins of modern institutions, covers materials up to the year 1750. attitudes, and problems. We may not discover d. All courses — excluding History 101, solutions to our problems, but at least we find the required gateway course, History 620, out what has not worked in the past. Studying and History 650 — may be counted in civilizations more remote in time and space, fulfillment of both the breadth and depth we also gain perspective on our society and requirements. ourselves. 4. Students must take History 620: Historiography. 5. Students must take at least one course desig Required for the history major nated as a seminar (those numbered between 400 and 500) or one designated as The minimal requirement for the major is ten a tutorial or independent study (those courses, at least one but no more than two of numbered over 500). which must be “gateway” courses. The com 6. Students must take History 650: The Practice pleted major must meet the following criteria: of History. Exceptions may be granted, how 1. Students must take History 101: Clionautics: ever, for majors who petition to complete a An Introduction to Doing History, preferably piece of advanced and original historical by the end of their sophomore year. research in suitable offcampus programs. 2. Students must take at least one course from among the following, which are open to * Students who wish to focus their major on freshmen and designated as “gateways” to the pre1500 era may do so but must con the major: History 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, sult their advisors about constructing a 131, 132, 160, 165, 180, and 185. suitable alternative to meet the breadth 3. In developing a major, students must select requirement. courses that will serve both to broaden and

1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; 4on leave Terms I, II, III

156 HISToRy

Required for the history minor the major. (History majors should consult with their advisors to determine which departmental 1. Two gateway courses in either the same gateway course their AP credit might replace.) geographical area into which the history These same students are strongly encouraged curriculum is divided (North America, to consult with any member of the department Europe, or global and Comparative) or in about appropriate placement in courses above the same period of time. the introductory level. 2. Two additional (nongateway) courses in one geographical area. 3. Two additional (nongateway) courses that Course numbering share a common date in one time period. Courses numbered above 400 constitute more 4. one of the four nongateway courses must advanced offerings (seminars, tutorials, and be a seminar. independent study) designed for juniors and 5. C average in the minor. seniors. All advanced courses, however, are open to nonmajors of appropriate standing as Off-campus study well as to majors. Tutorials and independent study credit require both an instructor’s consent The history department encourages majors, and a 3.25 gradepoint average, although the whenever possible, to participate in one of the latter may be waived at the instructor’s discretion. offcampus programs offered either by Lawrence or under the auspices of the Associated Colleges of the Midwest or other consortial arrangements. Courses The Lawrence London Center and the ACM HIST 101 Newberry Library Program have proven to be Clionautics: An Introduction to of particular interest to history majors, though Doing History majors have benefited from participation in An introduction to the practical skills of doing numerous others — especially those that history aimed at freshmen and sophomores match up with students’ area interests (see planning to major in history and others seriously “offCampus Programs,” page 277). interested in learning how to navigate the waters of historical study. Emphasis is on acquiring Graduate school the techniques current historians use to research into the past, make sense of their find Students who are considering graduate studies ings, and present them to others in a in history should know that most doctoral variety of media. Using materials appropriate programs require one or more (usually two) to a theme that changes from year to year, foreign languages and should work closely with students will discover how to do a thorough their advisors to plan their schedules accordingly. bibliographical search of all major genres of historical works, to find and interpret primary sources, and master the basic historical essay. In Advanced placement 200203 the theme is Media Age: Emergence of a global Consumer Society, 19451989. Students who have earned a 4 or better in 6 units. the Advanced Placement Examinations in Enrollment limit: 20 American History, European History, or World HIST 110 History will receive six units of credit in history and may use that credit in partial fulfillment of

157 HISToRy

The Emergence of the Modern World Modern Africa An introductory survey of the modernization A survey of African history in the 20th century, of Europe from 1350 to 1750 within a global examining the experiences of Africans as they context, covering the periods of the Renaissance, confronted European colonization, engaged in Reformation, Scientific Revolution, and the struggle for independence, and built new Enlightenment. Attention to global change nations. The course takes for its focus the West through the creation of worldwide commercial African nation of ghana. (g&C) 6 units. and colonial empires, the nature of crosscultural relations, and the dynamics of power and HIST 130 resistance. Special emphasis on analysis of doc Colonies to Republic: British uments and historical interpretations. North America, 1607-1789 (g&C or E) 6 units. A survey of North American history from the Enrollment limit: 40 arrival of the first European voyagers through establishment of the Republic in 1789. Emphasis HIST 115 on the major political, intellectual, social, and The Modern World economic changes of the period and on the An introductory examination of the develop nature of historical inquiry and analysis. (NA) ment of modern global civilization from the 6 units. end of the 18th century to the late 20th century, Enrollment limit: 35 surveying the final modernization of the West through successive waves of political, industrial, HIST 131 and social revolutions and exploring the Republic to Nation: The United States, worldwide reaction to the spread of modern 1789-1896 mass society brought about by Western efforts A study of the major social, political, economic, at global domination. Special emphasis on and intellectual developments in American analysis of documents and historical interpreta society from 1789 through 1896. Topics include tions. (g&C or E) 6 units. the industrialization of the economy, the diver Enrollment limit: 40 sification of the population, the democratiza tion of American politics, and the evolution of HIST 120 an American character. (NA) 6 units. Africa to 1800 Enrollment limit: 35 An introductory survey of African history to 1800. The course focuses on problems of the HIST 132 environment, the organization of society, foreign Nation in a Modern World: The United trade and influence, state building, and main States, 1896-2000 taining nonstate forms of governance. Topics An examination of reform, dissent, and protest include African kingdoms and empires, migra in the United States as it passed through eras tion, Islam, and the trade in enslaved Africans. of economic transformation, social crises, Special emphasis on how historians use archae technological revolution, and international ology, linguistics, and oral traditions to recon confrontation. Emphasis on domestic history, struct African history. (g&C) 6 units. including the reforms of the Progressivegreat Depression eras, the Civil Rights Movement, HIST 125 and civil protest during the Vietnam period. (NA) 6 units. Enrollment limit: 35

HIST 140

158 HISToRy

Gender and Feminism in Modern East Asian Civilization, Historical Perspective 1600-1990 A comparative world history of both gender An introductory survey of the modern history relations and the emergence of a feminist of East Asia, examining the efforts of traditional consciousness within the past 500 years. Case states, particularly China and Japan, to respond studies drawn from different regions of the to Western intrusion into the region after 1600. world will precede the examination of the Focus on social and cultural problems created emergence of a global feminism in the late by attempts to modernize yet defend tradition 20th and early 21st centuries. Topics will and on the differing results of Chinese and include the social roles of men and women, Japanese approaches. (g&C) 6 units. ideas about masculinity and femininity, under Also listed as East Asian Languages and standings of sexual orientation, forms of Cultures 150 systematic subordination, and the politics of modern feminisms. (g&C) 6 units. HIST 180 Also listed as gender Studies 110 Survey of Greek History A study of MinoanMycenean and greek history HIST 155 from its origins to the death of Alexander the Gender in Latin American History, great (323 B.C.). Special emphasis on culture 1490-1800 and history of ideas; readings will include the An introductory cultural history of Latin Iliad, the historians Herodotus and Thucydides, America focusing on gender as it intersects and greek dramatists. (E) 6 units. with class, race, and ethnicity. Topics will Also listed as Classics 150 include preColumbian indigenous and iberic societies, the material and cultural clashes of HIST 185 the European conquest, the evolution of Survey of Roman History colonial societies, and the collapse of colonial A study of the history of Rome from its origins power. (g&C) 6 units through the Monarchy, Republic, and Empire Enrollment limit: 25 to the early fourth century. Special emphasis on institutions and history of ideas; readings HIST 160 in primary sources (including the Aeneid) and Traditional East Asian Civilization, modern scholarship. (E) 6 units. 1800 B.C.-1600 Also listed as Classics 160 An introductory survey of East Asia from the dawn of indigenous civilization to the 16th HIST 205 century. Focus on the growth of a Sinitic center Cross-Cultural Contacts in the Early and its interaction with the sedentary and Modern World nomadic peoples on its Inner Asian and Pacific A discussion course examining contacts among rims. Emphasis on the diverse peoples and various peoples between 1350 and 1750. Focus societies of the area and the historical processes on cultural or ethnic identity, the role of that bound them together through a common power in relations between groups, and tradition. (g&C) 6 units. theoretical problems involved in such study. Also listed as East Asian Languages Examples include ancient and medieval cultural and Cultures 140 contacts, European settlement in North and South America, the African slave trade, and HIST 165 contacts among the peoples of Southeast Asia, India, China, and Japan. (g&C) 6 units. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor

HIST 210 159 HISToRy

The Global Century, 1914-1991 ism, abolition of slavery, the spread of A study of the 20th century from the perspec Christianity and Islam, urbanization, the birth tive of its end rather than its start. Focus is on of new nations — and their challenges to tra major world events and trends from a global ditional understandings of what it meant to be rather than a regional point of view and with a man or woman. (g&C) 6 units. regard to the possible onset of a new contem Also listed as gender Studies 315 porary stage of history. (g&C) 6 units. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent HIST 235 of instructor Periclean Athens A study of the history of Athens from the HIST 215 end of the Persian Wars to the execution of Atlantic Slave Trade Socrates (479 to 399 B.C.). A wide range of An examination of the Atlantic trade in enslaved material and topics will be considered: social Africans from its beginning in the 15th century and political developments, warfare, empire, to its eventual abolition in the 19th century. diplomacy, intellectual and cultural life. Emphasis Topics include ideas of slavery in Europe and on the revolution in ideas and visions of Africa; the development of the Atlantic trade; humanity that defined the golden age of the economic, social, political, and religious classical greece. (E) 6 units. effects of the slave trade in Africa and the Also listed as Classics 300 Americas; the rise of racism; abolition and its aftermath. (g&C) 6 units. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor HIST 240 Augustan Rome HIST 219 An introduction to ancient Rome and Roman Family, Sexuality, and the State in civilization, focusing on the Age of Augustus South Africa in all its aspects: art, literature, politics, empire, An exploration of the social history of South law, entertainment, and society. Emphasis on Africa from the arrival of the Dutch in 1652 the political and cultural changes that took to the present. This course focuses on how place during this revolutionary period. (E) people adapted their ideas of gender and family 6 units. to meet the challenges of colonial conquest, apartheid, and the liberation struggle. Topics Also listed as Classics 310 include the mineral and industrial revolutions, Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent migrant labor, traditional religion and of instructor Christianity, democratization, and recent controversies over homosexuality, witchcraft, HIST 245 and AIDS. (g&C) 6 units. History of England to 1485 Also listed as gender Studies 314 A study of the history of England (and, to a lesser degree, Scotland and Wales) from pre Prerequisite: Sophomore standing historic times to the accession of the House of Tudor. Special attention to the history of HIST 220 London. Especially recommended for, but not Gender in 20th Century Africa limited to, students going to the London An examination of the changing roles of Center. (E) 6 units. African men and women in the 20th century. The course will focus on the rapid social HIST 246 transformations of the 20th century — colonial

160 HISToRy

Modern Britain, 1688 to the Present Rebellion and Discipline in This course surveys the history of great Reformation Europe Britain from the political upheavals of 1688 An examination of the religious fragmentation to the present day. Emphasis will be on broad of Christian Europe and its social and political political and economic themes: the development aftermath from 1500 to 1715. The course will of parliamentary democracy, the growth of survey how revolt against the church evolved modern industrial capitalism, and the extension into a series of rebellions against authority — and eventual collapse of the British Empire. We peasants against nobles, cities against overlords, will also examine some of the major cultural and nobles against monarchs — and eventually and intellectual achievements of the period. (E) culminated in a reassertion of social discipline 6 units. through the consolidation of the state’s power, Prerequisite: Sophomore standing the formation of confessional orthodoxies (Lutheran, Calvinist, Catholic), an increased HIST 250 policing of morality, and the domestication of The High Middle Ages: Papal Revolution men’s and women’s roles in society. (E) 6 units. to Dante Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent A study of the High and Late Middle Ages, of instructor with emphasis upon intellectual, cultural, and institutional development, from the Papal HIST 270 Revolution, Scholasticism, and the Crusades Europe in the Age of Revolution, 1789- through the 13th century and its changes in 1851 such concepts as time, space, and matter. (E) An examination of European history from the 6 units. French Revolution through the revolutions of Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent 1848, focusing on the socioeconomic, political, of instructor and ideological configurations that emerged out of the French and Industrial Revolutions. HIST 260 Topics include the rise of liberalism, nationalism, Culture and Power in Renaissance Europe socialism, and the modern state within their A study of intellectual, artistic, and religious various historical contexts. (E) 6 units. innovations and their relation to dynamic Enrollment limit: 30 political and social transformations between Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent roughly 1350 and 1550. Beginning with the of instructor concepts of rediscovery, rebirth, and renewal as expressed in the writings of Renaissance HIST 275 Humanists, the course will explore how a new Europe in the Age of Nationalism, World cosmology informed changes in artistic expres War, and Totalitarianism, 1851-1990 sion, political theory and practice, production An examination of European history from the and commerce, overseas expansion, popular Age of National Unification through the ritual and spectacle, gender relations, and collapse of the Soviet Empire. Topics include understandings of the self. (E) 6 units. imperialism, the two World Wars, the Russian Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent Revolution, fascism, totalitarianism, mass of instructor nationalism, and the reemergence of eastern and central Europe. (E) 6 units. HIST 261 Enrollment limit: 30 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor

HIST 277

161 HISToRy

Eastern Europe in the 20th Century century. (E) 6 units. This course surveys the history of the peoples Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of Eastern Europe from the First World War of instructor until the collapse of Communism. Themes include the collapse of empires and rise of HIST 291 nationstates, revolution and counterrevolution, Modern European Thought II, 1789-present the consequences of relative economic back An examination of modern thought focusing wardness, and the impact of totalitarian on the problem of self and society since the ideologies such as fascism and communism on late 18th century. Topics include individualism the everyday lives of people. We will examine and individuality, “economic man,” socialism, these themes through literature and film as feminism, fascism, existentialism, and post well as more traditional historical texts. (E) modernism. Readings from Adam Smith, J. S. 6 units. Mill, Dostoevsky, Marx, Freud, Woolf, and Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent Foucault. (E) 6 units. of instructor Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor HIST 280 Religion, Magic, and Witchcraft in HIST 295 Early Modern Europe Nationalism in the Modern World Witchcraft and witchhunting in Europe An examination of the idea and the reality of between 1350 and 1750. An examination of nationalism in modern history. Among the the concepts of religion and magic and an questions we will ask are: Is nationalism a exploration of such topics as magical practices, modern phenomenon, or does it have pre the relationship between heresy and magic, the modern origins? Is it compatible with democ evolution of witchcraft, the dynamics and racy and human rights or fundamentally hostile demise of witchhunting, the role of gender, to them? Is it primarily a European phenome and definitions of societal deviance. Readings non transplanted to other places, or are there in primary sources and modern historical and indigenous roots of nationalism throughout anthropological scholarship. (E) 6 units. the world? We will attempt to answer these Enrollment limit: 40 questions by reading theoretical works on Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent nationalism from a variety of disciplines and of instructor by examining historical case studies. The latter will be drawn from Europe, Africa, and Asia. HIST 290 (g&C) 6 units. Modern European Thought I, 1500-1800 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent A close examination of 17th and 18thcentury of instructor intellectual trends (during the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment) that influenced HIST 301 the epistemological, scientific, and political Travel and Tourism from the 18th Century assumptions of the modern world. Works by to the Present such authors as galileo, Bacon, Descartes, This course explores the emergence and devel Hobbes, Newton, Locke, Voltaire, Rousseau, opment of travel and tourism, primarily in goethe, and Wollstonecraft will trace the Europe and the United States. The focus will displacement of divine authority by human be on how Europeans and North Americans authority as the basis of knowledge in what experienced travel, but we will also spend time some modern philosophers have called the looking at how people from colonized regions “Quest for Certainty” that followed the 16th and the developing world respond to tourism. We will study a variety of primary and secondary

162 HISToRy sources, including historical monographs, travel national minorities, cultural developments, and diaries, and films. Students will be encouraged Russia’s role in the European state system. to discuss and consider their own experiences as (g&C) 6 units. travelers and tourists. (E or NA) 6 units. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent Prerequisite: Sophomore standing of instructor History 115 or History 130, 131, or 132 recommended HIST 325 The Soviet Union, 1917-1991 HIST 305 A study of the creation of a socialist state on Film as History and History as Film the territory of the former Russian empire. An examination, through selected films, of Themes include the revolutionary origins of specific moments in European history and an the state, economic modernization and social examination of film itself as a source of historical transformation, the emergence of the Stalinist interpretation. Possible “historical moments” political order, nationality policy, intellectual include Medieval England, Nazi germany, and and artistic activity, and the decline and collapse the Holocaust, and possible films include of the Soviet system. (g&C) 6 units. Becket, The Triumph of the Will, and Schindler’s List. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent (E) 6 units. of instructor Enrollment limit: 24 HIST 330 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent History of the American West of instructor This course examines realities and images of the frontier/western experience from exploration HIST 315 and settlement of North America through the Empire and Nation in Russian History present. Included are native and immigrant The course examines the history of ethnically groups, technology, transportation, agriculture, diverse territories often referred to as “Russia” mining, and urbanization as well as effects of from early modern times to 1991. Themes the frontier on national character. (NA) 6 units. include the formation of the Russian empire, its transformation into the Soviet Union, and Prerequisite: Sophomore standing its partial collapse in 1991; the meaning of “empire,” “nation,” and “ethnicity” in historical HIST 335 context; and the interaction of Russians with Women in Early America, 1607-1860 nonRussian peoples in Ukraine, the Baltic An examination of the experiences of women States, Central Asia, and the Caucasus. (g&C) in early America, focusing both on women’s 6 units. lives and on the changing economic, political, and cultural roles they played in American Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent society. Themes include women and the family, of instructor women’s religious experiences, women and History 320 or 325 recommended industrialization, and the effects of slavery on black and white women. (NA) 6 units. HIST 320 Also listed as gender Studies 220 Imperial Russia, 1800-1917 A history of the Russian Empire from the Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent reign of Alexander I through the revolutions of instructor of 1917. Themes include serfdom and its abolition, attempts at modernization, the HIST 345 emergence of political opposition to autocracy, Race Relations in the United States,

163 HISToRy

1865-2000 Prerequisite: History 165 An examination of relations between black and white Americans since Emancipation. Topics HIST 375 will include Reconstruction, the rise of Jim Race, Labor, and the Nation-State in the Crow, the great Migrations, the Civil Rights 20th Century Caribbean Movement, urban unrest, and white backlash. An exploration of the legacies of slavery, the (NA) 6 units. plantation economy, and colonialism in the Prerequisites: Sophomore standing and History 132 making of Caribbean nationstates during the 20th century. Focusing on the interaction of HIST 350 ethnicity, race, and labor, the course will treat The ’20s, Great Depression, And New three specific Caribbean case studies: Black Deal, 1920-1945 Nationalism in the British West Indies, the After considering the 1920s as a “new era” in communist revolution in Cuba; and the American history, the course examines the colonialist alternative in Puerto Rico. (g&C) impact of the great Depression upon American 6 units. institutions and attitudes, with extensive analysis Enrollment limit: 25 of the New Deal’s domestic reform program Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent and its creation of a national welfare state. (NA) of instructor 6 units. Enrollment limit: 25 HIST 421 Prerequisites: Sophomore standing and History 132 Pan-Africanism This advanced seminar will explore the devel HIST 360 opment of PanAfricanist political and cultural Contemporary China, 1949-2000 movements in Africa, the Caribbean, and the A discussion course on selected issues in the United States. Major themes will include social and cultural history of modern China. negritude, garveyism, African independence Literature, films, documents, and historical movements, South Africa’s Black Consciousness studies are examined to explore the intimate movement, Afrocentrism, and current debates side of personal, family, and social life and the on reparations for slavery. We will explore the nature and impact of social and cultural changes works of authors such as Blyden, gar vey, in 20thcentury China. (g&C) 6 units. DuBois, Senghor, Nkrumah, and Asante. (g&C) 6 units. Also listed as East Asian Languages and Cultures 420 Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent of instructor Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent of instructor HIST 430 History 165 recommended Society and the Sexes in Pre-Industrial Europe HIST 365 A seminar, organized topically, exploring Modern Japanese History, 1868-2000 changing gender definitions, economic and A discussion course on modern Japanese history social roles, family structures and functions, and from the Meiji Restoration of 1868 to the styles of intimacy from 1000 to 1800. A vari present. This course focuses on Japanese efforts ety of primary sources and scholarly interpre to build a new, westernized state and society tations examined. (E) 6 units. compatible with Japan’s traditional “national Also listed as gender Studies 415 polity” and to find a new role in modern East Asia and the world. (g&C) 6 units. Enrollment limit: 18 Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent

164 HISToRy of instructor Themes in European Intellectual History, Fulfills seminar requirement 1789-present A seminar in the history of ideas, focusing on HIST 431 one of several topics that shift periodically. Violence in Medieval and Early Possible topics include the concept of freedom Modern Europe in French thought since the Revolution and A chronological and thematic examination of the rise of postmodernism in 20thcentury the understandings, uses, and effects of violence Europe. (E) 6 units. between roughly 1000 and 1800. Structured Prerequisite: Sophomore standing and History loosely around changing distinctions between 115 or consent of instructor licit and illicit forms of violence, the course Fulfills seminar requirement will explore the transition from reliance upon selfhelp to wellarticulated systems of juris HIST 470 diction at different levels of society. Topics will The American Civil War include warfare (feud, conflict among states, A comprehensive examination of the Civil War mercenaries, standing armies), jurisprudence era between 1840 and 1877. Major themes and (interrogation, torture, public execution), revolt topics will include the political crisis leading to (riot, rebellion), and interpersonal violence succession, the military conduct of the war, the (criminal behavior, retribution). Readings will end of slavery, the effects of the war on include a wide variety of documentary materials American society, and Reconstruction. (NA) and scholarship. (E) 6 units. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 18 Enrollment limit: 15 Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent of Prerequisite: Junior standing and History 131 instructor Fulfills seminar requirement Fulfills seminar requirement HIST 480 HIST 435 Reconsidering the 1960s Nazism and Stalinism in A seminar examining the major themes and Comparative Perspective issues of the decade. Topics include Vietnam, This course examines the political, social, and the great Society, civil rights, the countercul cultural histories of two of the 20th century’s ture, and feminism. Fiction, oral narrative, and most notorious regimes. We will seek to deter the developing historiographical literature will mine what they had in common and, in doing be employed as aids in addressing the period. so, answer the question, “What is totalitarian (NA) 6 units. ism?” We will read biographies of Stalin and Enrollment limit: 15 Hitler, monographs on political and social history, memoirs and diaries, and view popular Prerequisites: Junior standing and History 132 films of the time. (E) 6 units. Fulfills seminar requirement Prerequisites: Junior standing and History 115 or 275, or consent of instructor HIST 490 Priority will be given to history majors Fulfills seminar requirement

HIST 440

165 HISToRy

The Advent of the Atomic Bomb, Tutorial Studies in History 1900-1962 A reading program, specially designed and Examination of the scientific evolution of implemented in consultation with an instructor. nuclear weapons and the historical context in Writing is required. More than one term may which they were developed. World War II be taken. Students must consult in advance made urgent the exploitation of atomic power with the member of the department with for military purposes. The course examines whom they wish to work. Variable credit. scientific thought that made harnessing nuclear Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent energy possible, political pressures that shaped of instructor that process, and ramifications of the bomb for science and politics during and immediately HIST 199, 399, 599, 699 after the war. (g&C) 6 units. Independent Study in History Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent A research project organized in consultation of instructor with an instructor, culminating in a major Fulfills seminar requirement research paper. Students must consult in advance (preferably during spring registration) HIST 620 with the member of the department with Historiography whom they wish to work. Students considering A seminar examining both philosophical and an honors project should register for this course methodological aspects of historical studies. (see page 303). one or more terms may be Readings include modern treatises on the elected. Variable credit. nature of history, select works of important Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent philosophers of history, and examples of of instructor contemporary approaches to historical research and writing. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 18 per section Recent tutorial topics Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent in history of instructor The French Idea of Freedom HIST 650 Renaissance Humanism The Practice of History Modern Japanese History A collaborative senior seminar culminating in Fin de Siècle European Culture an original and substantial piece of historical AntiSemitism in the Late Middle Ages research. Students will be introduced to the Myth and Reality of the American West standards of research and writing common to Student Protest Movements in Contemporary the historical profession and will be guided, China as apprentice historians, through their own individual projects. open to history majors who, having completed an advanced seminar, tutorial, or independent study, have outlined a research topic that they are prepared to pursue intensively. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 15 Prerequisite: Senior standing or consent of instructor

HIST 190, 390, 590, 690

166 International Studies

Faculty advisor: Skran (government) Required for the The interdisciplinary area in international interdisciplinary area studies encourages students to discover the in international studies relationships among different societies. It is also intended to heighten their sensitivity to 1. one 6unit course in a foreign language the degree to which culturallinguistic factors beyond the level required for completion affect perception of the world. The program of Lawrence’s foreign language requirement. offers students an opportunity to use skills and 2. government 140. Students should fulfill perspectives gained from study of modern this requirement in the freshman or sopho languages and civilizations to enhance their more year. Juniors are discouraged from understanding of international events and taking government 140, and the course is developments encountered in their studies closed to seniors without the consent of in the social sciences and humanities. the instructor. Just as interdisciplinary areas (IAs) are 3. At least four 6unit courses, from at least intended to provoke students to examine the three different departments, that embody boundaries between their major fields and international and/or crosscultural context closely related fields of study, the interdisci and that can be shown by the student plinary area in inter national studies is a vehicle to conform to a coherent design, either through which students may discover and regional or thematic in nature. The student explore the inter national dimensions of their must present a clear articulation of the majors. It is also a means through which a design either during a culminating conver student may demonstrate a commitment to sation between the student and the enhanced understanding of those dimensions. Interdisciplinary Area Advisory Committee The interdisciplinary area in international or in some other suitable context — e.g., studies has an informal, but natural, relationship an advancedlevel seminar in international with the social organization called Lawrence studies, when such an offering is available. International. Students who participate in the 4. Notification of the faculty advisor by the interdisciplinary area should consider seriously first Friday of Term III of intention to membership in Lawrence International and complete the IA in the current academic should attend the meetings and functions of year. the organization. Lawrence International extends a warm welcome to all students and GOVT 140 especially to those who evince interest in International Studies international matters. An introductory study of the interaction of social, cultural, linguistic, political, and economic factors in the perception and under standing of the relations among states and nonstate actors in global politics. Analytical approaches from anthropology, history, political science, and economics are used to develop explanations of these per ceptions. Special attention is paid to the role of diplomacy in promoting cooperation. Does not count toward the government major. 6 units.

167 Linguistics

Faculty advisors: Lanouette (german), Linguistics 330: Language and Culture Rewgottfried (psychology), Ryckman Linguistics 360: Second Language Acquisition (philosophy), Sung1 (East Asian languages and Linguistics 370: Phonetics cultures), Taylor (classics), Ternes (german) Linguistics 400: Philosophy of Language Linguistics 440: Comparative Syntax The goal of linguistics is the enrichment of Linguistics 450: Psycholinguistics knowledge about the nature, grammar, and Linguistics 510: The Romance Languages and history of human language. Linguistics is a Their Histories theoretical discipline, akin to philosophy, Linguistics 530: The English Language anthropology, and cognitive psychology. Linguistics 190, 390, 590, 690: Tutorial The core areas of linguistic theory are Studies in Linguistics phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. Philosophy 150: Symbolic Logic A grammar is a system of rules that characterize Philosophy 410: Philosophy of Mind the phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics Psychology 340: Cognitive Psychology of a natural language. The properties of grammars 3. one of the following: are the central focus of linguistic theory. a. Study of two foreign languages, each for Because language is central to all humanistic three terms (i.e., firstyear level) disciplines, as well as to several social science b. Completion of the fifth term of one areas, it is studied from many points of view. foreign language (i.e., secondyear level) Linguistics itself cannot be said to recognize a c. Study of one foreign language for four single optimal approach to the subject; hence terms and the completion of an the courses provide a variety of approaches that offcampus language program reflect the diversity of the field. 4. Linguistics 199, 399, 599, 699: Independent Study in Linguistics Required for the linguistics major Required for the linguistics minor 1. The following core courses: Linguistics 150: Introduction to Linguistics 1. Linguistics 150: Introduction to Linguistics Linguistics 320: Historical Linguistics 2. Two of the following core courses: Linguistics 340: Introduction to Syntax Linguistics 320: Historical Linguistics Linguistics 350: Introduction to Phonology Linguistics 340: Introduction to Syntax Linguistics 420: Topics in Logic Linguistics 350: Introduction to Phonology 2. Four of the following elective courses: Linguistics 420: Topics in Logic Computer Science 100: Exploring Computer 3. Two courses selected from the list of Science electives. one of these may be a third Computer Science 150: Introduction to course from the list of core courses. Computer Science 4. C average in the minor Linguistics 260: Second Language Acquisition and Language Teaching

1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; 4on leave Terms I, II, III

168 LINgUISTICS

Courses LING 260 Second Language Acquisition and CMSC 100 Language Teaching Exploring Computer Science Study of language learning and teaching from An overview of computer science as a broadly both a theoretical and a practical perspective. based discipline. Emphasis on development of This course provides an overview of the history skills in algorithmic thinking, implemented in of language teaching in the United States and a subset of a suitable programming language. current practices, with an emphasis on the Brief coverage of selected advanced topics relationship between theory and practice. from computer science, applications of com Readings, discussions, and practical application puting in other disciplines, and impacts of through the design of minilessons. 6 units. computing on society. 6 units. Also listed as Education 260 Enrollment limit: 24 per section Prerequisite: Four terms of a foreign language or the equivalent CMSC 150 Introduction to Computer Science LING 320 An introduction to computer programming Historical Linguistics for potential mathematics/computer science An introduction to the principles and procedures majors and other students with a strong of historical and comparative linguistics: sound interest in computing. Topics include elementary change, genetic classification, reconstruction, programming constructs, design and imple language variation, and comparative philology. mentation of algorithms, and objectoriented Emphasis on IndoEuropean, with particular programming. Introductory instruction in the attention to methodology and the historical C++ language. 6 units. development of the discipline itself. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 24 per section Prerequisite: Linguistics 105 or 150 or consent of instructor LING 105 Introduction to Language LING 330 A general introduction to what is known Language and Culture about human language. Students will first learn An examination of language and other cultural the basics of phonetics, phonology, morphology, sym bolic systems used to formulate and syntax, and semantics. The rest of the course communi cate meanings. Attention to social will focus on subfields within linguistics, as factors in language use, including ethnicity, well as the relationship of linguistics to other social class, gender, and the nationstate. Some disciplines. 6 units. considera tion of the ways that language both reflects and influences people’s ways of thinking. LING 150 6 units. Introduction to Linguistics Also listed as Anthropology 330 Introduction to theory and methods of linguistics: universal properties of human Enrollment limit: 35 language; phonetic, phonological, morphological, Prerequisite: Anthropology 110 or 140 syntactic, and semantic structures and analysis; nature and form of grammar. 6 units.

169 LINgUISTICS

LING 340 LING 400 Introduction to Syntax Philosophy of Language An introduction to descriptive analysis of An examination of major theories of meaning, morphological and syntactic structures in reference, and cognitive content, and an natural languages with an emphasis on gaining attempt to understand how language functions insight into the nature of such structures, rath to relate “internal” psychological states to er than on linguistic formalization. Topics things in the “external” world. Contemporary include levels of representation, Xbar theory, philo sophers are emphasized. 6 units. case theory, thematic roles, the lexicon, Also listed as Philosophy 400 grammatical functionchanging rules, and headcomplement relations. 6 units. Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior standing, or consent of instructor Prerequisite: Linguistics 150 or consent of instructor Philosophy 150 recom mended Offered in alternate years LING 420 Topics in Logic LING 350 An investigation of topics selected from among Introduction to Phonology the following: consistency and completeness An introduction to the formal study of pho theorems for both sentential and predicate netics, phonemics, and phonological analysis logic, gödel’s Incompleteness Theorem, logical and theory. Topics include stress, syllable paradoxes (Russell’s Paradox, the Liar Paradox, structure, tones, metrics, phonotactics, and links and Newcomb’s Paradox), and modaltense between phonology and morphology/syntax; logic and its formal semantics. 6 units. exercises on familiar and unfamiliar languages. 6 units. Also listed as Philosophy 420 Prerequisite: Linguistics 150 or consent Prerequisite: Philosophy 150 or consent of instructor of instructor

LING 360 LING 440 Second Language Acquisition Comparative Syntax This course will introduce various issues in A comparative, formal study of morphological the study of secondlanguage acquisition from and syntactic structures in IndoEuropean different perspectives. Topics will include languages (focusing on Romance and comparisons to firstlanguage acquisition, germanic) and nonIndoEuropean languages factors related to secondlanguage acquisition, (focusing on East Asian languages). Contrastive learner strategies, design of the L2 classroom, analysis allows students to acquire linguistic and bilingualism. 6 units. insights into individual languages in light of universal grammar. 6 units. LING 370 Prerequisite: Linguistics 150 or consent of Phonetics instructor An introduction to the science of speech sounds, focusing on descriptive and experimen LING 450 tal studies of articulation and speech acoustics. Psycholinguistics Laboratory demonstrations of speech production, An examination of the nature and structure of acoustical analysis, and speech synthesis are language, integrating knowledge from linguistics, combined with lecture/demonstrations to relate psychology, neurophysiology, and sociology. phonetics research to theories of phonology Focus on the psychological theories and and language acquisition. 6 credits. experimental evidence about language production and perception. 6 units.

170 LINgUISTICS

Also listed as Psychology 540 Philosophy of Mind Prerequisite: Psychology 340, Linguistics 150, An examination of our common sense or consent of instructor conception of mental states and processes and of attempts to answer the question, “Is our LING 510 common sense conception of mental states The Romance Languages and and processes compatible with the methods Their Histories and assumptions of cognitive science?” 6 units. An introduction to the development of Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, Romance languages from Latin. Emphasis on Psychology 340, junior standing, or consent a comparative study of the structures of the of instructor modern Romance languages. 6 units. Taught in English PSyC 340 Cognitive Psychology Also listed as Classics 520 and Spanish 560 An investigation of the mental processes Prerequisite: Knowledge of Latin or a Romance involved in the acquisition, organization, and language beyond the intermediate level or use of knowledge. Informationprocessing and consent of instructor other approaches are used to study pattern rec ognition, attention, memory, imagery, LING 530 problemsolving, and related topics. 6 units. The English Language one laboratory per week involving class dem A study of the historical background of onstrations and experiments English and the sounds and structure of modern English. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 30 Prerequisite: Linguistics 105 or 150 or consent Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore of instructor standing

LING 190, 390, 590, 690 Tutorial Studies in Linguistics Recent tutorial topics Available to advanced students of linguistics. in linguistics Variable credit. History of Linguistics Perception of Tones in Mandarin Chinese LING 199, 399, 599, 699 Phonetics and Phonology Independent Study in Linguistics Morphology Available to advanced students of linguistics. Variable credit.

PHIL 150 Symbolic Logic A study of some standard notations, deductive rules, and principles of symbolic logic. Focus on symbolic logic as an instrument of analysis and deduction; a background in mathematics is not presupposed. Intensive training in the use of contemporary logical symbols and proof techniques, with consideration of sentential logic and predicate logic with identity. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 35 Recom mended for freshmen and sophomores

PHIL 410 171 Mathematics

Professor: Pourciau their discipline or who wish to satisfy a general Associate professors: gregg2, Parks (chair), education requirement. Sanerib In all its courses, from elementary to Assistant professor: Hunsicker advanced, the department seeks to instill an Assistant professor of statistics: Jordan3 understanding of mathematical ideas, an appreciation for mathematical methods and Pattern and form surround us — from the styles, and a sense of excitement at the power branching angles of our blood vessels and the and diversity of modern mathematics and its complexity of computer algorithms to inventory applications. scheduling and the fourdimensional geometry For a full description of Lawrence’s of our universe. As the pure expression of computer facilities and for descriptions of the pattern and form, mathematics is the language computer science courses, see page 78. of all science. In the past 50 years, many disciplines — computer science, statistics, ecology, and Required for the management science among them — have mathematics major been virtually transformed by the infusion of mathematics. Alongside the traditional field of 1. Complete or place out of the calculus mathematical physics, one now finds new fields sequence: Mathematics 140, 150, and 160 such as mathematical biology, mathematical 2. one of Mathematics 207, 210, or 220 economics, mathematical linguistics, and 3. one computer science course numbered mathematical psychology. 150 or above (excluding 170) A mathematics degree could lead to 4. Mathematics 300 and 310 graduate study in any of these fields, as well 5. 24 additional units in mathematics courses as in areas in pure and applied mathematics. numbered 400 or above Moreover, students have found a major in 6. Completion of an independent study project mathematics, with its training in logic, analysis, in at least one term of the senior year. and precise expression, to be excellent prepara 7. In choosing courses beyond the core tion for careers in law, business, or medicine. sequence, students should note that certain To reflect the diversity of modern mathe advanced courses may be particularly matics and its applications, the department, relevant to majors with specific interests alone or in conjunction with the economics or career goals: department, offers three separate majors: Pure mathematics: 525, 535, 540, 545, 546, mathematics, mathematicscomputer science, 550, and 560 and mathematicseconomics. Core courses Computer science: 420, 515, 525, and 540 provide all majors with a secure foundation for operations research: 420, 435, 440, 445, varied and challenging advanced course work, 525, and 550 including possible studentdesigned tutorials and, Applied mathematics: 400, 415, 420, 435, in the senior year, a term of independent study. 445, 535, and 550 For nonmajors, the department offers a Statistics and actuarial science: 420, 435, number of elementary and intermediatelevel 440, 445, and 550 courses designed to meet the needs of students Engineering: 400, 415, 420, 435, 440, 535, who require mathematics for further work in and 550 Secondary teaching: 525, 530, 535, 545, 1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; 550, 600, and 495 4on leave Terms I, II, III

172 MATHEMATICS

Required for the 2. Either Mathematics 435 or 445 and 6 units in a mathematics course numbered mathematics minor 400 or above, with 400, 415, and especially 435, 440, 445, or 560 recommended 1. Calculus through Mathematics 160 3. Completion of an independent study 2. Either Mathematics 210 or Mathematics project that has been approved by both 220 departments 3. Mathematics 300 and Mathematics 310 The economics component of the major is: 4. 6 units in any one upperlevel mathematics 1. Economics 100 or 120 course numbered from 400 to 600, except 2. Economics 300, 320, and 380 Mathematics 495 3. Any three courses numbered between 5. C average in the minor 400 and 500 with Economics 500, 520, and 540 recommended Required for the A major must have an advisor in each department. interdisciplinary mathematicscomputer science major Tutorials 1. The core sequence: Mathematics 140, 150, 160, and Computer Science 150, The department views tutorials as opportunities 200, and 300 to enhance its usual course offerings, not 2. Mathematics 220 and 300 duplicate them. In order to reserve tutorials for 3. Computer Science 460, 510, and 515 this purpose, no tutorials are given for courses 4. 12 additional units in mathematics courses routinely offered, and the department does not selected from among Mathematics 310, normally permit a tutorial to be used to satisfy 420, 525, or 540 any requirement for the major. 5. 6 additional units in a computer science course numbered 400 or above 6. Completion of an independent study project Independent study in at least one term of the senior year and research In choosing electives: Mathematics 420 and 525 are recommended. Computer Science 430 Required of all majors (mathematics, mathe or 440 is recommended for students considering maticseconomics, and mathematicscomputer a technical career or graduate study in computer science), the independent study project must science. Computer Science 410 is recommended evidence the student’s capacity to learn mathe for those considering careers in management matics independently or to utilize mathematics information science. Physics 220 is recom or mathematical technique as an innovative or mended for students considering pre substantive part of a larger project. The project engineering. must be accompanied by a paper (with copies for each faculty member in the department) and/or an oral presentation to the department. Required for the In recent years, independent study projects interdisciplinary mathematics- have included such topics as fractals, robotics, population models in biology, the philosophy economics major of mathematics, mathematical economics, mathematics in elementary schools, game theory, The mathematics component of the major is: and tessalations of the plane. 1. Mathematics 140, 150, 160, 207, 300, The department often employs several and 310

173 MATHEMATICS students during the summer who are paid Advanced placement and 6 Lawrence a stipend to work on research projects in units (for Computer Science 150) may be mathematics, applied mathematics, or computer obtained by scoring 4 or 5 on the A or AB science. These students often report on their College Board computer science exam. results at undergraduatelevel research conferences. Consult the department for proper placement.

First-year courses General education requirements

The department offers two calculus sequences: To satisfy general education requirements, Mathematics 140, 150, 160 (Calculus I, II, III) students should consider Mathematics 105, 107, and Mathematics 120, 130 (Applied Calculus I, II). 117, 120, or 140. The department encourages Students intending to major in mathematics, students to take calculus; students not prepared mathematicscomputer science, mathematics to do so may elect Mathematics 105, 107, or economics, physics, or chemistry, or any 117. Advanced placement credit granted by student intending to take advanced mathemat the department may also be used to fulfill the ics courses, must complete the Calculus I, II, III requirement. sequence. Properly prepared students should enter this calculus sequence their freshman year. Proper preparation means strong high Off-campus and school mathematics, including a precalculus cooperative programs or elementary functions course, and strong SAT or ACT scores. Students who lack this Two offcampus programs are particularly preparation yet need the threecourse sequence relevant for mathematics and mathematics should consult their advisor and the mathe computer science majors. Students wishing to matics department as soon as possible. combine a liberal arts degree with engineering The Applied Calculus I, II sequence does should consider the 32 program in engineering not prepare students for more advanced courses (see page 29). Students interested in study and in mathematics but does help prepare students research at the frontiers of current knowledge for advanced work in the social and life sciences. in a national laboratory should refer to the oak This sequence demands less technical proficiency Ridge Science Semester, page 281. than does the Calculus I, II, III sequence. good In addition, the department encourages performance in high school mathematics majors to apply for summer research positions through the junior year should be adequate and internships. Bell Laboratories and the preparation. Argonne National Laboratory, for example, have recently employed Lawrence mathematics Advanced placement students in such positions. Advanced placement in the Calculus I, II, III Course numbering sequence and up to 12 Lawrence units may be obtained by presenting a score of 4 or 5 on Courses numbered below 400 are offered each the AB or BC calculus exams administered by year. Courses numbered 400 or higher are the College Board or by performing well on offered every other year, generally with odd an exemptioncredit exam given by the [even] numbered courses offered only in those department during New Student Week. academic years beginning in an odd [even] Consult the department for details. Students numbered year. intending to enter Calculus I should not take the department’s exemptioncredit exam.

174 MATHEMATICS

Courses MATH 120 Applied Calculus I MATH 105 An introduction to calculus that stresses The Mathematical Experience applications to the life and social sciences. An introduction to the scope, power, and spirit Topics include derivatives, integrals, optimiza of mathematics. Topics, chosen to convey the tion, and exponential and logarithmic character of mathematical inquiry, may vary; functions. Mathematics 120 and 130 do not they include euclidean and noneuclidean prepare students for more advanced courses. geometry, number theory, topology, graph 6 units. theory, infinity, paradoxes, set theory, and logic. Prerequisite: Three years of high school Intended for students with limited preparation mathematics in mathematics. 6 units. Mathematics 120 and 140 cannot both be Prerequisite: Sophomore standing taken for credit

MATH 107 MATH 130 Elementary Statistics Applied Calculus II For students in all disciplines. Provides the Differential and integral calculus in several background needed to evaluate statistical variables, including optimization, partial arguments found in newspapers, magazines, derivatives, and multiple integrals. Also applica reports, and journals and the logic and tions of integration and an introduction to techniques necessary to perform responsible differential equations. Stresses applications to elementary statistical analysis. Students who the life and social sciences. 6 units. have completed a calculus course should elect Prerequisite: Mathematics 120 Mathematics 207 rather than Mathematics 107. 6 units. MATH 140 Enrollment limit: 35 Calculus I Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Functions, limits, derivatives, the Mean Value Theorem, definition and properties of only one of Mathematics 107, 117, or 207 integrals, the Fundamental Theorem of may be taken for credit Calculus, and applications to related rates, curve sketching, and optimization problems. MATH 117 6 units. Elementary Statistics For students in all disciplines. Provides back Prerequisite: Four years of high school mathe ground needed to evaluate statistical arguments matics; consult the department found in newspapers, magazines, reports, and Placement exam not required journals and the logic and techniques Mathematics 120 and 140 cannot both be necessary to perform responsible elementary taken for credit statistical analysis, including computeraided data analysis. Students who have completed a MATH 150 calculus course should elect Mathematics 207 Calculus II rather than Mathematics 107 or 117. 6 units. Applications of integration, exponential and Enrollment limit: 35 logarithmic functions, techniques of Prerequisite: Sophomore standing integration, infinite sequences and series, and Taylor series. 6 units. only one of Mathematics 107, 117, or 207 may be taken for credit Prerequisites: Sufficient advanced placement, Mathematics 140, or Mathematics 120 and consent of instructor

175 MATHEMATICS

MATH 160 MATH 300 Calculus III Foundations of Algebra Functions of two or more variables, partial An introduction to the rigorous study of derivatives, chain rules, optimization, vectors, mathematics. Topics include elementary theory derivatives of vectorvalued functions, of sets and mappings, number theory, equiva Lagrange multipliers, multiple integrals, line lence relations, finite groups, homomorphisms, integrals, and green’s Theorem. 6 units. quotient groups, and rings. 6 units. Prerequisite: Mathematics 150 or sufficient Prerequisite: Mathematics 207, 210, or 220 advanced placement MATH 310 MATH 207 Foundations of Analysis Introduction to Probability and Statistics A study of the concepts that underlie A survey of statistical methods including their mathematical analysis: the completeness of the mathematical foundation and their implemen real numbers, convergence, continuity, deriva tations on a computer. Topics include descrip tives, integrals, infinite series, and, if time tive statistics and graphs, random variables and permits, an introduction to metric spaces or their distributions, conditional probability, Fourier series. 6 units. independence, sampling distributions, the Prerequisite: Mathematics 300 Central Limit Theorem, parametric and non parametric tests of hypotheses, and multiple MATH 400 regression. Laboratory component emphasizes Partial Differential Equations analysis of economic data sets. 6 units. A survey of techniques used in modeling physical Prerequisite: Mathematics 120 or 140 systems, with particular emphasis on partial only one of Mathematics 207, 107, or 117 differential equations and methods used to may be taken for credit attack problems that do not have clean or simple solutions. Topics include techniques for solving MATH 210 partial differential equations exactly, the Fourier Differential Equations with Linear Algebra transform, perturbation theory, variational A study of differential equations and related methods, Monte Carlo techniques, and finite techniques in linear algebra. Topics include difference schemes. 6 units. firstorder equations and their applications, Prerequisite: Mathematics 300 or consent existence and uniqueness of solutions, second of instructor order linear equations and their applications, series solutions, systems of firstorder MATH 415 equations, vector spaces and dimension, linear Dynamics for Applied Mathematics transformations, and eigenvalues. 6 units. Develops mathematical tools necessary to Prerequisite: Mathematics 160, or Mathematics understand and apply both discrete and 150 and consent of instructor continuous dynamical systems. Topics include symbolic systems, orbits, periodicity, equilibrium, MATH 220 stability, hyperbolicity, bifurcations, and chaos. Applied Combinatorics Computer simulations, experiments, and An introduction to logic, proofs by mathematical opportunities for independent work. 6 units. induction, and elementary combinatorics. Prerequisite: Mathematics 300 Additional topics include recurrence relations, generating functions, and the principle of MATH 420 inclusionexclusion. 6 units. Numerical Analysis Prerequisite: Mathematics 150 Computer approximated (numerical) solutions

176 MATHEMATICS to a variety of problems with an emphasis and oneonone situations. outside readings on error analysis. Interpolation, evaluation of on the philosophy and techniques of teaching polynomials and series, solution of linear and mathematics, professional standards, curriculum nonlinear equations, eigenvectors, quadrature issues, and resources. 2 units. (integration), and differential equations. Offered by arrangement 6 units. Prerequisites: Mathematics 300 and Computer MATH 515 Science 150. Mathematics 310 recommended Theory of Computation A study of programming in the abstract, leading MATH 435 to an understanding of the precise nature and Optimization limitations of computing machines. Topics Methods for finding maximal and minimal include universal computing machines such as values of functions with applications to Turing machines, decidable and undecidable economics and the natural sciences. Topics predicates, regular and pushdown automata, include existence of optimal points, approxi and regular and contextfree grammars. 6 units. mation methods, constrained problems, method Also listed as Computer Science 515 of Lagrange multipliers, KuhnTucker theorems, Prerequisites: Mathematics 300 and linear problems, duality, and the simplex Computer Science 150 algorithm. Additional topics may include the transportation problem, postoptimal analysis, and MATH 525 zerosum twoperson games. 6 units. Graph Theory Prerequisite: Mathematics 310 A survey of graph theory that balances the abstract theory of graphs with a wide variety MATH 440 of algorithms and applications to “real world” Probability Theory problems. Topics include trees, Euler tours and The mathematics of chance: discrete and con Hamilton cycles, matchings, colorings, directed tinuous random variables and their distributions, graphs, and networks. 6 units. moments, jointly distributed random variables, Prerequisite: Mathematics 300 conditional distributions, the Central Limit Theorem, weak and strong convergence, and MATH 530 Markov chains. 6 units. Topics in Geometry Prerequisite: Mathematics 310 The axiomatic development of euclidean and noneuclidean geometry, including the historical MATH 445 and philosophical issues raised by the “non Mathematical Statistics euclidean revolution.” Additional topics, such The theory of probability applied to problems as projective or differential geometry and in statistics. Topics include sampling theory, convexity, may be included. 6 units. point and interval estimation, tests of statistical Prerequisite: Mathematics 300 hypotheses, regression, and analysis of variance. 6 units. MATH 535 Prerequisites: Mathematics 310 and either Complex Analysis Mathematics 207 or 440 An introduction to functions of a complex variable, the CauchyRiemann equations, con MATH 495 formal mappings, Cauchy’s theorem, Cauchy’s Teaching Seminar integral formula, Taylor and Laurent series, and A seminar on teaching mathematics intended a sampling, as time and interest permit, of the for students seeking secondary certification. corollaries to Cauchy’s theorem. 6 units. Practice with and advice on lecture, small group, Prerequisite: Mathematics 310 177 177 MATHEMATICS

MATH 540 MATH 560 Mathematical Logic Topology Establishes the basic syntactical tools needed A study of metric and topological spaces, to develop the semantics of firstorder logic including continuity, compactness, connected with equality, including the completeness ness, product and quotient spaces. Additional and compactness theorems. Formal number topics may include Zorn’s Lemma, separation theory and the theory of recursive functions properties, surfaces, the fundamental group, and are developed, culminating in the proof of fixed point theorems. 6 units. gödel’s Incompleteness Theorem. 6 units. Prerequisite: Mathematics 310 Prerequisite: Mathematics 300 MATH 600 MATH 545 History of Mathematics Algebraic Structures A study of the history of mathematics from Modern algebra with topics selected from the ancient greeks through the present, group theory, ring theory, field theory, classical emphasizing the role of mathematics in scientific geometric construction problems, and galois advances, the work of great mathematicians, theory. Emphasis on the use of mathematical and the modern branching of the subject into abstraction to illuminate underlying relationships a multitude of specialties. and structure. 6 units. 6 units. Prerequisite: Mathematics 300 Prerequisite: Mathematics 310

MATH 546 MATH 190, 390, 590, 690 Topics in Advanced Algebra Tutorial Studies in Mathematics The study of symmetry and symmetric trans Advanced work in mathematics on topics not formations as they relate to the geometric and covered in regular offerings. one or more terms topological structure of various spaces. 6 units. may be elected for full or partial credit. Prerequisite: Mathematics 300 Prerequisite: Consent of instructor

MATH 550 MATH 199, 399, 599, 699 Topics in Analysis Independent Study in Mathematics We will study the qualitative properties of guided independent study of an advanced analytical models, both discrete and continuous, topic in undergraduate mathematics or super that occur in applications to the social sciences vised work on an undergraduate research project, (particularly economics) and to the natural generally culminating in a final presentation sciences (particularly biology). We will develop and/or paper. Variable credit. the necessary theoretical machinery as we go. Time permitting, we will begin the study of financial derivatives, surveying numerical methods to approximate solutions to the BlackScholes equation that models the value of a financial option over time. 6 units. Prerequisite: Mathematics 310

178 Music

Students in the Bachelor of Arts degree program other regulations and information on the may major or minor in music (see below). The major in music. In addition to the 90 units Conservatory of Music section of this catalog, maximum page 232, lists courses for all programs in music. in music, students must complete 126 units in opportunities for the study of music and for disciplines other than music, including all require participation in Lawrence University ensembles ments for the B.A. degree (see Degree and are available to qualified university students general Education Requirements, page 22). regardless of major. Required for the music minor Required for the music major 1. Music theory: 18 units: MUTH 151, 161, 90 units in music, to include: and 171 or 201, 211, and 221; 152, 162, and 1. Music theory: 30 units: MUTH 151, 161, and 172 or 202, 212, and 222; 251, 261, and 271 171 or 201, 211, and 221; 152, 162, and 172 2. Music history: 12 units: MUHI 201, 202 or 202, 212, and 222; 251, 261, and 271; 252, 3. Performance: MUIN (Applied Individual 262, and 272; 301, 311, and 321 Instruction) numbered 200 or above: 9 units 2. Music history: 18 units: MUHI 201, 202 and 3 terms of study (12 units); 6 units in courses numbered 400 4. Ensemble: MUEN (Ensemble Performance or above. Study): 3 units and 3 terms participation 3. Performance: 5. Keyboard skills: 3 units: MURP 201, 202, 203 a. 18 units minimum of applied individual or 2 units: MURP 301, 302 or demonstrated instruction numbered 231250 or 331350. proficiency 6 consecutive terms of study are required. 6. C average in the minor b. Students must complete a qualifying examination by the end of the sophomore year. c. Students must participate in either individual Other opportunities for or ensemble performance study in each students interested in music term in which they are in residence on the Appleton campus. All courses in music may be elected by any 4. Ensemble: 6 units minimum of ensemble qualified Lawrence student. Ensembles are open performance study. A maximum of 9 units to university students by audition. Private instruction (Applied Music Individual Instruction) of ensemble performance study may apply is available by permission of the instructor, to the major. based on audition or interview and faculty 5. Keyboard skills: 3 units MURP 201, 202, 203 schedules. A fee for private lessons and the use or 2 units MURP 301, 302 or demonstrated of practice facilities is charged to nonmusic proficiency. majors as follows: 6. Additional electives in music to total 90 units 1 ⁄ 2 hour per week – $190 per term 7. An approved lecture, lecture/recital, or senior 1 hour per week – $380 per term project must be presented during the last A student may drop private instruction three terms of study at Lawrence. prior to the end of the third week of the term. A refund may be obtained for the remainder Please refer to the Conservatory Student Handbook of the term, provided the registrar and the (http://www.lawrence.edu/conservatory/ conservatory office are officially notified of the handbook/) and departmental handbooks for change in registration. Refunds are not provided after the third week of the term. 179 Interdisciplinary Major in the Natural Sciences

The interdisciplinary major in the natural Requirements for the interdis- sciences enables students to construct science majors around subject areas that bridge two or ciplinary major in the natural more disciplines in the natural sciences. An sciences in a primary discipline interdisciplinary major in the natural sciences and a secondary discipline requires a primary concentration in biology, chemistry, geology, or physics and a secondary 1. Introductory Requirement: An introductory concentration in another of these sciences. An sequence in physics and two additional advisor should be chosen from the department introductory sequences chosen from those of primary concentration. in biology, chemistry, and geology so that The interdisciplinary major in the natural sequences in both the primary and the sec sciences enables students to design courses of ondary disciplines are included. The intro study leading to graduate work and/or careers in many of the rapidly growing interdisciplinary ductory sequences are: fields developing along interfaces between the Biology: traditional natural sciences. Prospective science Biology 110 and 120 or majors with interests that overlap two or more Biology 110 and 140 of the traditional natural sciences are encouraged Chemistry: to consider the interdisciplinary major in the Chemistry 115 and 116 or natural sciences. Students interested in this major Chemistry 119 or equivalent should seek advice from the department of Geology: primary interest in order to design a major geology 110 (any section) and geology 210 consistent with both their interests and the Physics: requirements of the major. Physics 150 and 160 or, with the permission of both the primary and the secondary departments, Physics 120 and 130 Advanced placement credit equivalent to any of the introductory courses may be applied to the introductory requirement. 2. Intermediate/Advanced Requirement: At least ten term courses in the sciences (biology, chemistry, geology, physics) numbered 200 or above, with at least five in the primary discipline and at least three in the secondary discipline. More specific course and/or laboratory requirements may apply in specific departments. 3. Participation in a senior seminar series as defined by the department of the primary discipline.

180 Neuroscience

Faculty advisors: Hetzler (psychology), Psychology 370: Perception Rence (biology), Wall (biology) Psychology 380: Learning and Conditioning 3. Biology 340/Psychology 580: Topics in Neuroscience unites biology, chemistry, and Neuroscience psychology in a quest for understanding the nervous system. Students participating in the program may include those interested in medi Courses cine, veterinary medicine, nursing, and graduate study in neuroscience. This program, however, BIOL 110 also serves those whose primary interest is the Principles of Biology elusive and alluring question of how the brain An introduction to the unified science of life. works. An important feature of our program is Emphasis on the experimental approach, to the wide range of laboratory facilities available, show the inter relationships of living things and students are encouraged to engage in neuro by examining their metabolism, growth and science research in collaboration with the faculty. develop ment, genetics, behavior, ecology, and evolution. 6 units. Prior registration with department required Required for the interdisci- Enrollment limit: 24 per laboratory section plinary area in neuroscience BIOL 140 1. The following core courses: General Zoology Biology 110: Principles of Biology An introduction to the biology of animals, Biology 140: General Zoology including studies of the phylogeny, morphology, Biology 242: Comparative Physiology physiology, development, behavior, and ecology Chemistry 115 and 116: Principles of Chemistry of representatives of the major phyla. 6 units. or Chemistry 119: Accelerated General Prior registration with department required Chemistry Psychology 360: Brain and Behavior I Enrollment limit: 24 per laboratory section Psychology 530: Brain and Behavior II Prerequisite: Biology 110 2. At least one course outside the student’s major department from the following group: BIOL 200 Biology 200: Animal Behavior Animal Behavior Biology 220: Invertebrate Zoology A lecture, field, and laboratory study of the Biology 240: Morphogenesis of the Vertebrates prin ciples and problems of animal behavior. Biology 270 or Chemistry 240: Subjects include orientation, feeding, locomo Principles of Biochemistry tion, communi cation, escape in time and space, Biology 351: Genetics biological rhythms, mate choice, and aspects of Biology 354: Molecular Biology social behavior, examined from evolutionary, Biology 444 or Chemistry 340: Biochemistry ontogenetic, physiological, ecological, and Biology 453: Developmental Biology etho logical perspectives. 6 units. Chemistry 250 and 252: Organic Chemistry Also listed as Environmental Studies 210 I and II (both courses must be taken to fulfill the requirement) Prerequisite: Biology 140 Mathematics 107: Elementary Statistics May be taken separately or as part of the Psychology 350: Psychopharmacology Marine Biology Term and Behavior 181 NEURoSCIENCE

BIOL 220 BIOL 351 Invertebrate Zoology Genetics A comprehensive introduction to 95 percent A lecture and laboratory study relating the of the million or so animal species, those principles of inheritance to modern concepts without backbones. Emphasis on the evolution, of the structure and chemistry of the chromo behavior, and ecology of the major phyla and somes and the molecular biology of the gene. the role of invertebrates in contemporary 6 units. research programs. 6 units. Enroll ment limit: 48 Lecture only Prerequisite: Sophomore standing, Biology 120 Prerequisite: Biology 140 or 140 and Chemistry 115 or concurrent enrollment therein BIOL 240 Morphogenesis of the Vertebrates BIOL 354 A modified “programmed selfinstruction” Molecular Biology course providing the materials and guidance An interdisciplinary examination of regulatory necessary to gain an integrated concept of mechanisms leading to differential gene ontogenetic and evolutionary organogenesis. expres sion. Main topics include transcription, 6 units. translation, gene and protein structure. Further Lecture and laboratory exami na tion of the molecular basis of disease, in cluding cancer, as well as the mechanisms Enrollment limit: 24 by which viruses exploit a cell’s molecular Prerequisite: Biology 140 machinery. Laboratory work is experimental in approach. 6 units. BIOL 242 Prerequisites: Sophomore standing, Biology Comparative Physiology 110, and Chemistry 115 A comparative study of the variety of solutions and adaptations diverse animals can make to BIOL 453 similar problems — obtaining and transporting Developmental Biology oxygen, maintaining water and salt balance, An experimental approach to animal develop utilizing food, movement, and nervous and ment with laboratory and lecture emphasis on hormonal integration. 6 units. the molecular and cellular level. Includes dis Enrollment limit: 12 per laboratory section cussions of pattern formation, differentiation, Prerequisite: Biology 140 cell interactions, gametogenesis, fertilization, and early embryogenesis. 6 units. BIOL 340 Prerequisites: Biology 140; concurrent enroll Topics in Neuroscience ment in or completion of one of the following: A study of the nervous system from the Biology 241, 444 (or Chemistry 340), 351, or 354 per spec tives of psychology and biology. Topics vary year to year and may include neuronal CHEM 115 integration, neural development, and chemical Principles of Chemistry: Structure aspects of psychoses. 6 units. and Reactivity Also listed as Psychology 580 Introduction to the study of chemistry, Prerequisites: Chemistry 116 or 119 and either emphasizing structures of chemical species Biology 140 and one course in psychology, or —atoms, ions, and molecules — and relation Psychology 360 and one course in biology, or ships between structure and chemical reactivity. consent of instructor Major topics may include models for atomic and molecular structure and bonding, empirical May be repeated with consent of instructor

182 NEURoSCIENCE approaches to thermochemistry and equilibrium, production, biosynthesis, and the regulation acids and bases, descriptive chemistry of the of metabolism are considered in some detail. main group elements, and solutions. 6 units. Studentselected topics on health, nutrition, one threehour laboratory per week drugs, and disease will be examined during the last week of the class. Students may not receive Prerequisites: Chemistry 111 or placement credit for both this course and Chemistry 340/ examination (see Chemistry 111 description, Biology 444. page 00). 6 units. CHEM 116 Also listed as Biology 270 Principles of Chemistry: Energetics Lecture only and Dynamics Prerequisites: Biology 110 and Chemistry 166 Introduction to the study of chemistry, empha sizing quantitative models of chemical behavior, CHEM 250 especially those based on energy relationships. Organic Chemistry I Major topics may include covalent bonding, A study of carbon compounds, with hydrocar introduction to thermodynamics, equilibrium, bons discussed in detail and some of the major reaction rates, electrochemistry, nuclear chemistry, functional groups introduced. one sixhour and descriptive chemistry of the transition laboratory per week, directed toward the metals and their complexes. 6 units. synthesis and analysis of organic compounds one threehour laboratory per week and the elucidation of reaction mechanisms. Prerequisite: Chemistry 115 or the equivalent 6 units. Prerequisite: Chemistry 116 or 119 or consent CHEM 119 of instructor Accelerated General Chemistry A oneterm treatment of general chemistry CHEM 252 designed primarily for freshmen with strong Organic Chemistry II high school backgrounds who are considering A continuation of the study of carbon com a major emphasizing chemistry, biochemistry, pounds, including additional functional groups or molecular biology; premedical studies; or a and polyfunctional compounds. one sixhour 32 chemical engineering program. 6 credits. laboratory per week, directed toward more Three lectures and two laboratory/workshop advanced synthetic and analytic problems. sessions per week 6 units. Enrollment is determined by placement exam Prerequisite: Chemistry 250 and consent of instructor CHEM 340 CHEM 240 Biochemistry Principles of Biochemistry A study of biological processes at the molecular A course designed principally for students who level. The course focuses principally on proteins do not intend to pursue careers in the molec — the workhorses of living systems — partic ular sciences (molecular biology, molecular ularly their structure, function, and regulation genetics, developmental biology, biochemistry, as these relate to enzyme catalysis. A second or chemistry) but who, nevertheless, are curi focus is on biochemical transformations, the ous about the chemistry and chemical princi mechanisms whereby living systems transform ples that underlie fundamental biological pro simple chemicals into complex structures. cesses. Emphasis is on the structure and reac 6 units. tivity of biomolecules, from simple metabolites Also listed as Biology 444; students may not to complex enzymes. Energy receive credit for both this course and Chemistry 240/Biology 270 183 NEURoSCIENCE

Prerequisite: Chemistry 252, concurrent Perception enrollment therein, or consent of instructor An introduction to the physiological and psychological processes by which we receive, MATH 107 transform, and use the information from the Elementary Statistics world acquired through our senses. Special For students in all disciplines. Provides the emphasis on visual and auditory perception to background needed to evaluate statistical allow a more indepth study of two perceptual arguments found in newspapers, magazines, systems and to provide information useful to reports, and journals and the logic and tech those interested in the visual arts and music. niques necessary to perform responsible 6 units. elementary statistical analysis. Students who Enrollment limit: 40 have completed a calculus course should elect Mathematics 207 rather than Mathematics 107. Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore 6 units. standing Enrollment limit: 35 PSyC 380 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Learning and Conditioning only one of Mathematics 107, 117, or 207 may An investigation of the basic principles of be taken for credit learning, including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, punishment, biological PSyC 350 constraints on learning, and behavior modifi Psychopharmacology and Behavior cation. one laboratory per week involving An interdisciplinary examination of the ways animal learning experiments. 6 units. in which behaviorally active drugs exert their Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore effects, drawing on research in pharmacology, standing psychology, biochemistry, anatomy, and neuro Enrollment limit: 24 physiology. Provides an understanding and appreciation of the role of behaviorally active PSyC 530 drugs in people’s lives, today and in the past. Brain and Behavior II 6 units. An examination of interrelationships between Enrollment limit: 50 the brain and behavior. Topics include sleep, Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore language, motivation, emotion, learning, and standing mental disorders. one laboratory per week on basic neuroscience techniques. 6 units. PSyC 360 Enrollment limit: 12 Brain and Behavior I Prerequisite: Psychology 360 An introduction to the structure and function of the nervous system and its relationship to behavior. Topics include cellular physiology, neuroanatomy, sensory processes, and neuropharmacology. No laboratory. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 50 Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore standing. At least one biology course recommended

PSyC 370

184 Philosophy

Professors: Dreher3, Ryckman (chair) students to confront contemporary statements Assistant professor: BoleynFitzgerald of central philosophical questions and to inves tigate some of the more promising answers to them. The courses engaged in the philosoph ical Opportunities for non-majors examina tion of other areas encourage students to bring methods of philosophical analysis to Courses in philosophy develop skills in reading bear on the methods and presupposi tions of and thinking analytically and critically, and in other areas of inquiry. cogent argumentation. In addition, they provide students with invaluable insights into many of the major intellectual issues confront ing Western Required for the civilization. philosophy major Many students find that such work in two or three philosophy courses significantly A student majoring in philosophy is required enhances the intellectual quality of their efforts to take a minimum of eight philosophy courses in their own fields. We urge students to discuss numbered above 140. Those eight courses will the matter with any member of the philosophy include: department and with their own major advisors. 1. Philosophy 150 or 420 (Majors are strongly Note that, with the consent of the encouraged to satisfy this requirement early instruc tor, students may take an intermediate in their careers.) course in philosophy without having taken an 2. At least three courses from Philosophy 200, intro ductory course. (Intermediate courses are 210, 220, 230, 240 (including at least two numbered 200 through 399. Courses numbered 400 through 699 are advanced courses.) from Philosophy 200, 210, 220) 3. At least two courses from Philosophy 300, 310, 320, 400, 410, 440 (including at least The philosophy major one from Philosophy 300, 310, 400) 4. Philosophy 600 Students are introduced to philosophy through Advanced students of philosophy are invited a study of logic or through a course in which to do tutorial and honors work independent substantive problems are raised by an examina of the course requirements. tion of selected writings of some important philosophers. Students may continue their study through a variety of courses in the Required for the history of philosophy, in the systematic study philosophy minor of traditional problem areas within philosophy, and in the philosophical examination of other Five courses in philosophy, at least two of disciplines. which must be in the history of philosophy The historical courses enable students to (Philosophy 200, 210, 220, 230, 240) and at become familiar with the thinking of the most least two of which must be from among influential philosophers in our tradition and courses numbered 200 or above but not with the historical contexts in which they among Philosophy 200240. worked. The systematic courses encourage Students pursuing a minor in philosophy are encouraged to choose a member of the 1 2 3 on leave Term I; on leave Term II; on leave Term III; philosophy department as an informal advisor. 4 on leave Terms I, II, III A C average in the minor is required. 185 PHILoSoPHy

Courses PHIL 140 Introduction to Philosophy: Knowing PHIL 100 and Valuing Introduction to Philosophy: Problems Is there a plausible distinction between (real!) An introduction to philosophical analysis knowing and (mere!) opinion? Can we make and intensive study of selected philosophical any warranted claims about how humans classics. Topics include the existence of god, might best lead meaningful lives? We will the problem of evil, problems of knowledge, carefully analyze the responses to such questions the relationship between mind and body, free offered by Plato and by two 20thcentury will, determinism, and moral obligation. philosophers. 6 units. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 35 Enrollment limit: 35 Recommended for freshmen and sophomores Recommended for freshmen and sophomores PHIL 150 PHIL 120 Symbolic Logic Applied Ethics: Introduction to Formal study of the notions of validity, Biomedical Ethics consis tency, and equivalence in the languages The course will examine moral dilemmas of sentential logic and predicate logic, plus an created or intensified by recent advances in introduction to semantics for these languages. medical technology and study ways of 6 units. analyzing those dilemmas to make them more Enrollment limit: 35 tractable. We will focus on examples such as Recom mended for freshmen and sophomores euthanasia and the right to die, abortion, behavior modification, allocation of scarce PHIL 200 medical resources, in vitro fertilization, genetic History of Philosophy: Plato and Aristotle screening and engineering, and human experi An examination of themes in selected classical mentation. 6 units. greek tragedies and their development in the Also listed as Biomedical Ethics 120 philosophies of Plato (The Republic, Gorgias) Enrollment limit: 35 and Aristotle (Nicomachean Ethics). 6 units. Recommended for freshmen and sophomores Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, sopho more standing, or consent of instructor PHIL 130 Offered in 2003-04 Meditation and Virtue: Contemplative and Analytic Perspectives on Character PHIL 210 This course focuses on different theories of the History of Philosophy: good and of the virtues that lead to a good Scholasticism, Descartes, and Locke life. It covers a variety of readings that discuss A historical and textual examination of 17th the good and the good life and also critically and 18thcentury European philosophers, examines a variety of meditations designed to especially Descartes and Locke, as they address cultivate moral virtues. Requirements for the questions such as: What is mind? What is class include writing two papers and undertak matter? Is there a god? 6 units. ing a daily meditation practice. Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, Enrollment limit: 35 sopho more standing, or consent of instructor Recommended for freshmen and sophomores

186 PHILoSoPHy

PHIL 220 the nature of change over time? 6 units. History of Philosophy: Berkeley, Hume, Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior Kant, and Mill standing, or consent of instructor An examination of selected works of 18th and 19thcentury philosophers. Epistemology, Offered in 2003-04 meta physics, and ethics are emphasized. 6 units. PHIL 320 Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, Ethics sophomore standing, or consent of instructor An examination of theories about how we should live. Issues include the role of rights, PHIL 230 duties and virtues in decision making, the History of Philosophy: Early Analytic scope of morality, the limits of our obligations Philosophy and British Idealism to others, and the foundations of morality. An examination of the early 20thcentury 6 units. works of g. E. Moore and Bertrand Russell against the background of the thendominant Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior Hegelian Idealism. 6 units. standing, or consent of instructor Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, PHIL 330 sophomore standing, or consent of instructor Philosophy of Natural Science Offered in 2003-04 An examination of the conceptual foundations of natural science. Topics include scientific PHIL 240 explanation, the confirmation of scientific History of Philosophy: theories, laws of nature, and scientific realism. The American Pragmatists 6 units. An examination of the attempts by pragmatists Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior such as C. S. Peirce, William James, and John standing, or consent of instructor Dewey to reconceptualize “traditional” issues in western philosophy. 6 units. PHIL 340 Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, Philosophy of Art sophomore standing, or consent of instructor An examination of major theories of the essence of art, of the major 20thcentury critique of PHIL 300 the thesis that art has an essence, and of recent Epistemology attempts to analyze art in light of the critique. An examination of some basic questions con 6 units. cerning the nature and extent of human Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior knowledge, focusing on the topics of skepticism, standing, or consent of instructor justification, certainty, the a priori and the a posteriori, and analyses of knowledge. 6 units. PHIL 350 Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior Political Philosophy standing, or consent of instructor A seminar examining one topic in political philosophy, typically either distributive justice PHIL 310 or war. If the topic is distributive justice, the Metaphysics focus is on different accounts of the just distri An examination of some central philosophical bution of social benefits and burdens. Issues questions about reality, such as: What basic include the right to health care and other kinds of things are there? Is truth always and social goods, as well as accounts of the ideals of only relative to a conceptual scheme? What is equality, liberty, and community. If the topic is the nature of necessity and possibility? What is war, the focus is on political and moral dilemmas

187 PHILoSoPHy of warfare. Issues include war crimes, nuclear sense conception of mental states and processes deterrence, the status of noncombatants, the compatible with the methods and assumptions use of economic sanctions, and terrorism. of cognitive science?” 6 units. 6 units. Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior Psychology 340, junior standing, or consent standing, or consent of instructor of instructor

PHIL 360 PHIL 420 Environmental Ethics Topics in Logic An examination of some ethical assumptions An investigation of topics selected from among that might figure in discussions of environmental the following: consistency and completeness policy by economists, legal experts, philosophers, theorems for both sentential and predicate logic, and policy scientists. 6 units. gödel’s Incompleteness Theorem, logical para Also listed as Environmental Studies 360 doxes (Russell’s Paradox, the Liar Paradox, and Newcomb’s Paradox), and modaltense logic Enrollment limit: 30 and its formal semantics. 6 units. Prerequisite: one course in economics, Also listed as Linguistics 420 government, or philosophy; junior standing; or consent of instructor Prerequisite: Philosophy 12 or consent of instructor PHIL 370 Advanced Studies in Bioethics PHIL 430 A seminar examining one particular issue or Philosophy of Law set of issues in bioethics. 6 units. An exploration of questions such as: To what extent may a decision in a legal controversy be Also listed as Biomedical Ethics 370 deemed uniquely correct (as contrasted with Prerequisite: Philosophy 120 an exercise of the judge’s discretion)? What purposes and assumptions underlie branches of PHIL 400 the law such as criminal law or torts? What are Philosophy of Language the functions of precedent? What are the various An examination of major theories of meaning, relationships between morality and the law? reference, and cognitive content, and an attempt 6 units. to understand how language functions to relate Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior “internal” psychological states to things in the standing, or consent of instructor “external” world. Contemporary philosophers are emphasized. 6 units. Offered in 2003-04 Also listed as Linguistics 400 PHIL 440 Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior Morality, Rationality, and Self-Interest standing, or consent of instructor If acting morally conflicts with my longterm Philosophy 150 recom mended selfinterest, what is it rational for me to do? Offered in 2003-04 Why be moral? 6 units. Enrollment limit: 30 PHIL 410 Prerequisite: one course in philosophy, junior Philosophy of Mind standing, or consent of instructor An examination of our common sense concep tion of mental states and processes and of PHIL 600 attempts to answer the question, “Is our common

188 PHILoSoPHy

Studies in Philosophy Recent tutorial topics in The topic in 200304 is Theories of Truth. 6 units. philosophy Prerequisites: Three courses in philosophy or Recent Ethical Theories consent of instructor Sartre Offered in 2003-04 History of Logic Medieval Philosophy PHIL 190, 390, 590, 690 (91A, B, C, D) Ethics in International Relations Tutorial Studies in Philosophy Advanced students of philosophy may elect one or more terms. Variable credit. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor

PHIL 199, 399, 599, 699 Independent Study in Philosophy Senior majors undertaking honors projects should elect one or more terms (see Honors at graduation, page 303). Variable credit. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor

189 Physics

Professors: Brandenberger3, Cook (chair) interdisciplinary major in the natural sciences Associate professor: Collett1, 2 (see page 180). Assistant professors: Bunson, Kunz, Stoneking In addition, a minor in physics offers an opportunity for those who wish to supplement Physics represents an inquiry, both theoretical a major in another discipline with a significant and experimental, into the nature of the physical exposure to physics. universe. The theoretical approach involves constructing and exploring abstract models of nature, while the experimental approach Required for the physics major involves investigations of physical systems that provide avenues for evaluating theories and for Physics 220, 225, 230, 310, 330, and three suggesting new theories. Taken together, theory additional courses chosen from Physics 320 and experiment aim at the construction of a and above, excluding independent studies and single, compact, and farreaching conceptual capstone courses. Physics majors without framework that accounts for all properties of advanced placement should start with Physics the physical universe. 150 and 160. Students who do not intend to The physics curriculum at Lawrence is pursue graduate study in physics may petition structured to help the student develop a firm the department to substitute appropriate grasp of the important theories and a secure upperlevel offerings in other departments for competence in contemporary experimental up to two of the required physics electives. techniques. Requirements for the major reflect The following program is typical: this structure. on the theoretical side, the major moves from a general survey, to more detailed Freshman: Physics 150, 160; Mathematics 140, intermediate courses, to advanced electives, 150, 160 possibly culminating in a theoretical research Sophomore: Physics 220, 225, 230; Mathematics project. on the experimental side, the major 210 moves from a study of standard techniques of Junior: Physics 310, 330; physics electives data analysis, to an intermediate laboratory Senior: Physics 599 or 699, physics electives in electronics, to a projectoriented advanced laboratory, possibly culminating in an experi Additional courses in mathematics, chemistry, mental research project. Throughout the and computer science are often elected. The curriculum, contemporary computational prospective major should consult early and approaches to problems in physics play a sig regularly with the faculty in the department. nificant role alongside the traditional approaches. In the 199697 academic year the depart Prospective engineers will find that a major ment launched a new effort called the Senior in physics automatically fulfills nearly all of the Capstone Experience program, which is requirements for Lawrence’s 32 engineering designed to encourage seniors to engage in program (see page 29). ambitious undertakings customtailored to Students who have strong secondary their interests, needs, and career plans. All interests in biology, chemistry, or geology may senior majors are encouraged to enroll in one construct majors involving physics and one of term — normally the fall or winter term — of the other three natural sciences, using the capstone endeavor by electing Physics 599 or 699: Independent Study in Physics. A detailed proposal must be submitted to the department 1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; well before the project is to be undertaken — 4on leave Terms I, II, III

190 PHySICS e.g., in the spring term of the junior year. The least two of which must be chosen from proposal should Physics 220, 230, and 310 and above, (a) describe the proposed activity in detail; excluding independent studies and capstone (b) explain why it is to be undertaken, courses, and no more than one of which including the role it plays in the student’s can be chosen from Physics 103115 overall plans; 4. C average in the minor (c) identify a beginning set of resource A student pursuing a minor in physics materials; must consult with a member of the department (d) lay out a schedule and specific objectives early and often to plan and monitor progress to be completed by the end of the first in the minor. term of the activity. The extent to which stated objectives are met in the first term will be an important factor Opportunities for non-majors bearing on whether the study will continue into subsequent terms. The physics curriculum offers nonmajors the These plans are to be worked out in consulta opportunity to take one or more terms of tion with the intended faculty advisor, who physics as part of their liberal education. must endorse them. Although every course is open to all suitably prepared students, Physics 103, 107, 110, 115, 120, 130, 150, 160, and 220 have traditionally Required for the interdisci- attracted nonmajors. plinary major in the natural sciences in physics and a The laboratory science general secondary discipline education requirement

1. Physics 150 and 160 The following courses in the physics department 2. Any two of satisfy the university’s degree requirement of a. Biology 110 and 120 or Biology 110 and one laboratory course in a natural science: 140 Physics 103, 107, 120, 130, 150, 160, 220, 330. b. Chemistry 115 and 116 or Chemistry 119 or equivalent c. geology 110 (any section) and geology Graduate school 210 chosen to include the secondary discipline. Majors preparing for graduate school in physics 3. At least ten term courses in the sciences will probably take more courses in physics (biology, chemistry, geology, physics) than the required minimum. Physics 320, 430, numbered 200 or above, with at least five 440, and 460 are recommended for all such in physics and at least three in the secondary students. other departmental offerings (Physics discipline. The five courses in physics must 340, 410, 500570) are appropriate for students include Physics 225, 230, 310, and 330. with particular interests in the topics of those courses. All students contemplating graduate studies in physics should undertake at least Required for the physics one term of independent study/research in minor the senior year and/or seek opportunities at Lawrence or elsewhere for fulltime research 1. Physics 150 and 160 during the summer after the junior year. 2. Physics 225 Students contemplating graduate studies in 3. Three additional courses in physics, at physics should discuss their plans early and

191 PHySICS often with members of the department. program at oak Ridge National Laboratory is available to majors in physics. Further, with careful advance planning, physics majors at Certification for secondary Lawrence can arrange to be off campus for a teaching in physics term — typically the winter or spring term of the junior year — without jeopardizing Majors seeking certification to teach physics at progress in the major. Thus, physics majors the secondary level should read the section of can participate in offcampus programs, even this catalog on teacher certification (page 95) if those programs contain no scientific compo and consult early and often with members of nents. The Lawrence London Center and the the Department of Education. Physics majors Lawrence/Knox program in Besançon, France, who plan to teach physics at the secondary have been frequent destinations for physics level may petition the department to substitute majors. physics courses numbered below 199 for up to two of the required physics electives. Course numbering Recommended courses Courses of general interest requiring minimal or no prerequisite are numbered 103130. The outside the department introductory courses, 150 and 160, require elementary calculus. Intermediate courses are Courses in mathematics, chemistry, and computer numbered between 200 and 300 and typically science are frequently elected to support a list calculus and differential equations as pre major in physics, but courses in geology, biology, requisites. Advanced courses, many of which economics, philosophy, anthropology, and other list one or more intermediate courses as pre areas have occasionally been chosen by physics requisites, are intended for juniors and seniors majors whose postgraduation objectives have and are numbered above 300. Tutorial studies an interdisciplinary dimension. With departmental in physics and independent study in physics approval, up to two upperlevel courses in other also are offered. departments may be substituted for required physics electives. Courses

Advanced placement PHyS 103 Light! More Light! Students with strong backgrounds should seek Focuses on the nature of light and its interaction advanced placement and credit, normally by with matter. Topics include waves, quanta, lasers, submitting scores on the Physics Advanced modern optics, waveparticle duality, and the Placement Examination of the Educational following paradox: While the theory of light is Testing Service. Advanced placement without unsurpassed in elegance, predictive success, and credit is awarded to students who submit heuristic influence, light remains mysterious satisfactory evidence that they both understand and continues to defy common sense. 6 units. most of Physics 120 or 150 and are able to remedy weaknesses on their own initiative. Weekly laboratory on laser physics and modern optics Enrollment limit: 20 Foreign and off-campus study Prerequisites: High school physics and trigo nometry The Associated Colleges of the Midwest

192 PHySICS

Offered every two or three years PHyS 105 PHyS 120 Issues in Physics Foundations of Physics I A reading course on topics in the history and An algebrabased introduction to the funda philosophy of science, the interaction of science mental concepts of classical physics: Newton’s and society, and environmental issues, particularly laws, particle motion, conservation laws, gravity, as they relate to physics. Designed for students fluids, waves, optics, and thermodynamics. who intend to teach physics at the secondary Weekly laboratories emphasize the acquisition, level. 3 units. reduction, and interpretation of experimental data and the keeping of complete records. The PHyS 107 course is designed to meet the needs of those Physics of Music students who do not intend to major in physics. Explores the relationship between physics 6 units. and music, covering such topics as vibrations, Note: Students intending to major in physics waves, interference, resonance, wave forms, or engineering must enroll in Physics 150 scales and temperament, physics of musical and 160. other science majors with strong instruments, characteristics of auditoriums, mathematics and physics backgrounds are also impact of electronics. 6 units. encouraged to enroll in Physics 150 and 160. Weekly laboratory Enrollment limit: 32 PHyS 130 Foundations of Physics II Offered in 2003-04 and alternate years thereafter A continuation of Physics 120. Physics 130 covers both classical and modern physics, PHyS 110 including electricity and magnetism, circuits, Topics in Astronomy special relativity, quantum aspects of nature, Treats selected topics in astronomy and atomic and nuclear structure, and elementary cosmology: the solar system, stellar evolution particles. 6 units. and death, black holes, galaxies, the big bang theory of the early universe. Astronomical Weekly laboratory observations are interpreted in light of known Prerequisite: Physics 120 physical laws to form a comprehensible picture of the universe. 6 units. PHyS 150 Enrollment limit: 35 Principles of Classical Physics Treats the basic topics in classical physics PHyS 115 developed prior to 1900: classical mechanics, Aspects of Physics: Energy Technology, thermal physics, electricity and magnetism, and Society, and the Environment waves. Weekly laboratory emphasizes the Treats topics selected for the nonscientist who acquisition, reduction, and interpretation of wants one term of physics. In 200203, Physics experimental data and the keeping of complete 115 will explore the physics of energy produc records. The course is designed to serve the tion, storage, and usage as they are currently needs of physics and engineering students and practiced. Certain emerging technologies will is substantially more demanding than Physics also be addressed. Environmental and socio 120 and 130. only for students with strong economic impact will be discussed in the backgrounds in mathematics and physics. context of limitations imposed by the laws of 6 units. phyics. No laboratory. 6 units. Prerequisites: one year of high school physics Also listed as Environmental Studies 115 and Mathematics 140 Enrollment limit: 20

193 PHySICS

PHyS 160 PHyS 310 Principles of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics Treats basic ideas developed since 1900: Develops the theoretical framework used to quantum aspects of nature, special relativity, describe microscopic phenomena: waveparticle elementary wave mechanics, atomic and nucle duality, wave functions, states and observables, ar structure, fundamental particles. Schrödinger equation, uncertainty relations, 6 units. bound states, quantum scattering, angular Weekly laboratory momentum, spin, and stationary and time dependent perturbation theories. 6 units. Prerequisites: Physics 150 and Mathematics 140 Prerequisites: Physics 225, Mathematics 210, PHyS 220 and some exposure to quantum mechanics Physical Electronics (e.g., Physics 160, Chemistry 470) A laboratory course covering analysis, construc tion, and testing of circuits used in presentday PHyS 320 experimental research. Strict adherence to Thermal Physics standard laboratory practice required. Two Treats elementary statistical mechanics, laboratories and one lecture per week. 6 units. BoseEinstein and FermiDirac statistics, kinetic theory, and classical thermodynamics. Enrollment limit: 20 6 units. Note: To register you must sign up with Prerequisites: Physics 160 and 225 and instructor Mathematics 210 Prerequisites: Physics 120 or 150 and Mathe Offered in 2002-03 and alternate years thereafter matics 130 or 140, or consent of instructor PHyS 330 PHyS 225 Advanced Laboratory Computational Mechanics Independent work on experiments selected Introduces symbolic and numerical computa from the following areas: optical, Mössbauer, tion through examples drawn mainly from alpha, beta, gamma ray, and xray spectroscopy; classical mechanics but also from classical elec optical double resonance; magnetic resonance; tromagnetism and quantum mechanics. This vacuum techniques; solidstate physics; laser course emphasizes computerbased approaches physics; nuclear physics. 6 units. to graphical visualization, the solution of ordinary differential equations, the evaluation Three laboratories weekly; no lectures of integrals, and the finding of roots, eigenval Prerequisites: Physics 160, 220, and 225 ues, and eigenvectors. 6 units. Physics 310 recommended Prerequisites: Physics 150 and Mathematics 210 PHyS 340 PHyS 230 Optics Electricity and Magnetism Treats geometrical optics, interference, diffrac Develops and explores charge and current tion, polarization, and various other topics in densities, particle motions, electrostatics, classical and contemporary optics. 6 units. magnetostatics, induction, Maxwell’s equations, Prerequisites: Physics 160 and 230 electromagnetic waves, responses of matter. 6 units. Offered in 2003-04 and alternate years thereafter Prerequisites: Physics 225 and Mathematics 210

194 PHySICS

PHyS 410 PHyS 520 Advanced Mechanics Plasma Physics Treats various topics selected from: mechanics Explores the properties of hot, ionized gases: of rigid bodies, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian motion of charged particles in electric and formulations, variational principles, fluids, magnetic fields, plasma kinetic theory, fluid classical scattering, relativistic mechanics, and models, waves and instabilities, waveparticle theory of small vibrations. 6 units. interactions (Landau damping), and plasma Prerequisites: Physics 225 and Mathematics 210 confinement and transport. 6 units. Offered in 2003-04 and alternate years thereafter Prerequisite: Physics 230 Offered in 2003-04 and every two or three years PHyS 430 thereafter Advanced Electricity and Magnetism Treats several topics selected from: multipole PHyS 530 expansions, radiation from accelerated charges, Solid State Physics solutions to Laplace’s equations, retarded Explores the fundamental properties of potentials, wave guides, modern optics, and crystalline solids: crystal structures and the electron physics. 6 units. reciprocal lattice, phonons, quantum theory of Prerequisites: Physics 230 and Mathematics 225 electronic band structure, and some properties of semiconductors. Each student will pursue Offered in 2003-04 and alternate years thereafter an independent investigation of an advanced topic. 6 units. PHyS 440 Mathematical Methods of Physics Prerequisite: Physics 310 Treats several topics selected from: Fourier Offered in 2002-03 and alternate years thereafter series and transforms, partial differential equations, special functions, numerical methods, PHyS 550 matrix methods, calculus of variations. 6 units. Laser Physics Prerequisite: Physics 225 and Mathematics 210 An advanced seminar on various topics in atomic physics, electrodynamics, classical optics, Offered in 2002-03 and alternate years thereafter and modern optics that, collectively, constitute the basic principles and major underpinnings PHyS 460 of laser physics. Students assume considerable Advanced Modern Physics responsibility for leading discussions and per Treats various topics selected from: atomic and forming demonstrations. 6 units. nuclear physics, properties of atoms and nuclei, atomic and nuclear structure, the deuteron, Prerequisites: Physics 230 and 310 nucleonnucleon scattering, nuclear models, Offered every two or three years nuclear decay, elementary particles, special relativity. 6 units. PHyS 190, 390, 590, 690 Prerequisites: Physics 310 and Mathematics 210 Tutorial Studies in Physics Readings of texts and/or current literature to Offered in 2003-04 and every two or three years study a topic not covered in regular offerings. thereafter Topics must be carefully defined and a bibliog raphy assembled before permission to enroll is PHyS 500 granted. Variable credit. Special Topics in Physics Treats selected topics, such as relativity, fundamental particles, fluid mechanics, and surface physics that vary according to the interests of students and staff. 6 units. 195 PHySICS

Recent tutorial topics PHyS 199, 399, 599, 699 Independent Study in Physics in physics Theoretical or experimental independent study. A written proposal must be submitted general Relativity to the department at least one term before Musical Acoustics enrolling. Recent independent studies have Fluid Mechanics been undertaken in fluid mechanics, general Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics relativity, atomic systems coupled to electro Cosmology magnetic fields, phase transitions in liquid Atomic Physics crystals, plasma physics, and robotics. Variable credit.

196 Psychology

Professors: glick (chair), Hetzler, Rewgottfried Those in the fine arts may be especially inter Associate professors: Haines, Metalsky ested in Psychology 370 and/or 230. Assistant professor: Ansfield Adjunct associate professor: Fuchs (director of counseling services) The psychology major Lecturer: ShortMeyerson Adjunct lecturer: Kahl (associate director of Psychology faculty members are committed to counseling services) a broad approach in designing the major. The requirements reflect our concern that majors Psychology is the science of mind and behavior. experience the variety of approaches psychology The psychology curriculum is wellbalanced offers, while allowing for flexibility at the to represent the breadth of the core areas of advanced level, so that students may pursue psychology (neuroscience, cognitive, develop areas of individual interest in sufficient depth. mental, personality, social, health, and clinical The major program provides students with a psychology) and provide opportunity for the theoretical and methodological base that indepth study of specific topics e.g.,( pharma enhances their ability to understand and cology, music, language, psychopathology, explore human psychology and behavior. adolescent development, prejudice). Research, Students interested in a psychology major through which psychological theories are should obtain the Psychology Major Manual developed and tested, is emphasized throughout from the chair of the department or from the curriculum. the departmental home page (http://www. lawrence.edu/dept/psychology/). Opportunities for non-majors Required for the Nonmajors are encouraged to take Psychology psychology major 100, which provides an overview of the field, but they may take courses at the 200 and 1. Psychology 100, 280, 281, and 600, and 300 levels and above without having taken Mathematics 117or 207 Psychology 100 once they have sophomore 2. Two courses from group I and two courses standing. Psychology 240: Personality Psychology from group II: is specifically intended for nonmajors. The 400 a. group I: Psychology 250, 260 or 265, 270 level courses are also accessible to nonmajors b. group II: Psychology 380, 350 or 360, 370 who have the appropriate prerequisites. Topics or 340 courses numbered 450 and above, however, are 3. one sixunit course from group III: primarily designed for junior and senior majors or minors; others who wish to enroll in these Psychology 530 through 580 courses should consult the instructor before 4. Another six units in psychology registering. (This may include independent study or All nonmajors should find theg roup I practicum credit accrued over more than courses (see Required for the Psychology one term.) Students who complete both Major) highly accessible; they may be of UNIC 250 and UNIC 251: Self Interest and particular interest to students majoring in the Social Behavior can use these courses to fulfill humanities or social sciences. Nonmajors in the psychology elective. the natural sciences and philosophy may be 5. one laboratory course in addition to the particularly interested in group II courses. Research Methods sequence. Usually, this 197 PSyCHoLogy

laboratory course is taken within group I The psychology minor or group II (and simultaneously fulfills two requirements). Students whose interests in psychology may Majors are strongly advised to complete the be less broad or linked more to specific topics Research Methods sequence, which instills basic might choose to pursue a minor in psychology research skills essential to a sophisticated rather than a major. Courses in the minor understanding of the field, in the sophomore program provide background in a variety of year (and, certainly, no later than the junior year). the methods and approaches to psychology, Research Methods should be completed while allowing students to pursue interests in before majors take other laboratory courses or other disciplines as well. the advanced 400level courses. Previous or concurrent enrollment in Mathematics 117 (with the Psychology Statistics Laboratory) or Required for the Mathematics 207 is a prerequisite for Psych psychology minor ology 280: Research Methods I. Mathematics 117 should be taken concurrently with 1. Psychology 100: Principles of Psychology and Research Methods I. Mathematics 117 with Psychology Statistics Laboratory Research opportunities 2. one course from group I and one course from group II: Majors are encouraged to engage in their own a. group I: Psychology 240 or 250, 260 or empirical research projects in Research Methods, 265, 270 in laboratory and topics courses, and in close b. group II: Psychology 340, 350, 360, 370, 380 collaboration with faculty members in research 3. one course from group III: Psychology seminar courses or Independent Study. Students 530, 540, 550, 560, 570 have access to the department’s extensive 4. one additional course in psychology laboratory facilities for research in neurosci one of the courses must have a lab (viz., ence, acoustical analysis, child development, Psychology 265, 280281,* 340, 380, 530). animal and human learning, social, personality, 5. Psychology 240 and Psychology 250 cannot and clinical psychology. We highly recommend both be taken to fulfill the minor. that students who wish to pursue honors 6. C average in the minor projects begin them in their junior year. * The student must complete both terms of Psychology 280-281 to meet this lab requirement. Applied opportunities Preparation for graduate school Several opportunities to receive course credit for work within applied settings (e.g., working Students interested in mental health careers in a clinical setting in the community) are should pay particular attention to the depart regularly available — see Psychology 210 and ment’s clinical psychology sequence: 296, 385, and 451. other practica that similarly Psychology 250, 450, and 451. Students are combine academic and applied components encouraged, but not required, to take may be arranged. For information on such Psychology 450 and 451 in consecutive terms. practica, contact the Career Center (ext. 6561), Psychology 451 allows students to gain super Kathleen Fuchs (ext. 6574), or Beth Haines vised practical experience at a local mental (ext. 6708). health facility. Students interested in mental health careers are encouraged to take Psychology 550: Topics in Mood Disorders in 198 PSyCHoLogy addition to the clinical psychology sequence PSyC 210 noted above. Applied Psychology: Peer Education The major program prepares students well Applied work in community psychology, for graduate study in psychology or related carried out in conjunction with Counseling fields. Students interested in graduate study Services, in preparation toward becoming a and secondaryschool teaching certification Peer Educator. Focus is on learning strategies in psychology should take Psychology 480: for assessing and developing community, group Historical Origins and Contemporary Viewpoints process, and communication. Students investigate of Psychology during their junior or senior year. topics such as interpersonal decisionmaking, For those who pursue other careers, the sexual assault, and substance abuse. Through research skills learned by majors are widely assigned readings, class discussions, presentations, applicable. Students who are interested in the and guest speakers, students will develop inter major program or curious about what kind personal facilitation skills, learn aspects of com of career opportunities exist in the field of munity and campus culture, and collaborate in psychology are urged to to visit the depart the planning of educational programs. 3 units. mental home page (http://www. lawrence. Also listed as Education 210 edu/dept/psychology/) for more information. Enrollment limit: 10 Off-campus study PSyC 220 The Holocaust See Urban Studies, page 280. An interdisciplinary examination of the social psychological and religious dimensions of the Holocaust. Topics include social psychological Advanced placement and cultural origins of the Holocaust (including the role of Christian antiSemitism); social Students who score 4 or better on the psychological and religious aspects of Nazi Psychology Advanced Placement Examination ideology; understanding perpetrators, victims, of the College Entrance Examination Board and bystanders; and theological responses to are given credit for Psychology 100 (which the Holocaust. 6 units. fulfills one of the major requirements). Students Also listed as Religious Studies 370 who plan to major in psychology and place Enrollment limit: 40 out of Psychology 100 are advised to take one or two courses in group I during their Prerequisite: Sophomore standing freshman year. PSyC 230 Psychology of Music Courses A scientific approach to questions about musical structure and its effect on human behavior and PSyC 100 mental experience. Topics include the physical Principles of Psychology characteristics of sound that specify pitch, An introduction to the science of mind and loudness, and timbre; the perception of melody behavior with an emphasis on empirical and rhythm; the universality of musical struc approaches. Includes a survey of the contribu tures; the psychology of musical ability and tions to our understanding of behavior by performance; and the effect of music on research and theory in the various topical areas emotions. 6 units. of psychology and careful consideration of Enrollment limit: 40 continuities between those topical areas. 6 units. Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore Enrollment limit: 50

199 PSyCHoLogy standing middle childhood. Topics include prenatal Ability to read music and familiarity with the development, attachment, children’s language basics of music theory recommended skills, and social and cognitive development. A variety of theoretical perspectives are covered. PSyC 240 6 units. Personality Psychology Enrollment limit: 40 A survey and evaluation of the major theories Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore of personality in the context of current research standing and application. Deviant personality functioning will also be examined. This course is intended PSyC 265 for nonmajors. 6 units. Developmental Psychology Enrollment limit: 40 Identical in content to Psychology 260, but Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore requiring a weekly threehour laboratory that standing involves systematic work with children to learn and apply assessment techniques and Not offered in 2002-03 experimental methodologies for the study of development. 6 units. PSyC 245 Health Psychology Enrollment limit: 20 This course explores the link between mind Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore and body from various psychological perspec standing tives such as social, clinical, and psycho Not offered in 2002-03 biological. We will survey the role of stress, emotion, selfregulation, and individual PSyC 270 differences as predictors of health and illness. Social Psychology We also will examine assessment, diagnostic, A psychological approach to the study of treatment, and ethical issues in pyschophysio individuals in a social context. Research and logical disorders. 6 units. theories concerning personality, emotion, Enrollment limit: 40 cognition, and perception are used to under Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore stand such topics as selfidentity, perception standing of others, prejudice, social influence, and personal relationships. 6 units. PSyC 250 Enrollment limit: 40. Psychopathology Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore A study of the major psychological disorders. standing Theory and research into the origins of each disorder are examined from a variety of perspec PSyC 280 tives (psychoanalytic, physiological, cognitive, Research Methods I behavioral, and humanistic). 6 units. The first course in a twoterm sequence Enrollment limit: 40 designed to introduce psychology majors to Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore the principles of research design, data collection, standing data analysis, and research report writing. This term focuses on philosophy of science, the role PSyC 260 of theory in research, and research design. Developmental Psychology Students design an empirical project to be A study of the development of behavior and executed during Research Methods II. Sequence mental processes from conception through should be taken in the sophomore year and

200 PSyCHoLogy must be taken in consecutive terms. 6 units. PSyC 340 Enrollment limit: 40 Cognitive Psychology An investigation of the mental processes Prerequisite: Sophomore standing and previous involved in the acquisition, organization, and or concurrent enrollment in Mathematics 117 use of knowledge. Informationprocessing and or Mathematics 207 other approaches are used to study pattern rec ognition, attention, memory, imagery, PSyC 281 problemsolving, and related topics. one Research Methods II laboratory per week involving class demonstra The second course in a twoterm sequence tions and experiments. 6 units. for psychology majors (see Psychology 280). This term focuses on the execution of empirical Enrollment limit: 30 research projects, analysis of data, inferential Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore and advanced correlational statistics, and inter standing pretation of results. Students present both writ ten and oral reports on their projects. PSyC 350 Sequence should be taken in the sophomore Psychopharmacology and Behavior year and in consecutive terms. 6 units. An interdisciplinary examination of the ways Enrollment limit: 40 in which behaviorally active drugs exert their effects, drawing on research in pharmacology, Prerequisite: Psychology 280 psychology, biochemistry, anatomy, and neuro physiology. Provides an understanding and PSyC 296 appreciation of the role of behaviorally active Practicum: Peer Education drugs in people’s lives, today and in the past. A continuation of work begun in Psychology 6 units. 210. Students carry out peer education programs Enrollment limit: 50 on various topics. Variable credit. Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore Prerequisite: Psychology 210 and consent standing; at least one biology course recom of instructor mended PSyC 310 PSyC 360 Psychology of Gender Brain and Behavior I An examination of theory and research on An introduction to the structure and function gender identity, gender roles, and gender of the nervous system and its relationship to similarities and differences in our society. behavior. Topics include cellular physiology, Topics include gender stereotypes, gender role neuroanatomy, sensory processes, and neurophar development, and psychological androgyny, macology. No laboratory. 6 units. as well as sex differences in cognitive abilities, aggression, mental and physical health, sexuali Enrollment limit: 50 ty, and family roles. 6 units. Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore Also listed as gender Studies 314 standing. At least one biology course recommended Enrollment limit: 35 Prerequisite: Any of the following: Psychology PSyC 370 240, 250, 260, 265, 270, or gender Studies 100 Perception Not offered in 2002-03 An introduction to the physiological and psychological processes by which we receive, transform, and use the information from the world acquired through our senses. Special

201 PSyCHoLogy emphasis on visual and auditory perception to assigned settings, attend weekly supervision allow a more indepth study of two perceptual meetings with instructor, complete comple systems and to provide information useful to mentary readings, and write a final paper. those interested in the visual arts and music. Applications must be submitted by the end 6 units. of the fifth week of Term II. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 40 Prerequisites: Junior standing as a psychology Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore major, Psychology 250, 450, and consent standing of instructor Not offered in 2002-03 PSyC 460 Adolescent Psychology PSyC 380 A psychological approach to the study of Learning and Conditioning development during the years between the An investigation of the basic principles of onset of puberty and early adulthood. Topics learning, including classical conditioning, operant include theories of adolescence, cognitive conditioning, punishment, biological constraints development, identity formation, moral reasoning, on learning, and behavior modification.one sexuality, and family and peer relations. 6 units. laboratory per week involving animal learning experiments. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 20 Enrollment limit: 24 Prerequisite: Psychology 260 or 265 Prerequisite: Psychology 100 or sophomore PSyC 480 standing Historical Origins and Contemporary Viewpoints of Psychology PSyC 385 A survey of the origins of modern psychology, Practicum: Language Assessment examining the influence of various philosophical Students work with preschoolers learning perspectives and the transition to current English as a second language at a local scientific approaches. Works by authors of child care center. Students provide language historical significance and current trends in enrichment and assess the children’s progress. psychological theory and practice are read and Variable credit. evaluated. 6 units. PSyC 450 Prerequisites: Junior standing and at least three Clinical Psychology courses in psychology, or consent of instructor An examination of the major approaches to Not offered in 2002-03 psychotherapy (e.g., psychodynamic, cognitive, behavioral, humanistic). Students also learn PSyC 530 basic interviewing techniques and examine Brain and Behavior II ethical and professional issues. 6 units. An examination of interrelationships between Enrollment limit: 15 the brain and behavior. Topics include sleep, language, motivation, emotion, learning, and Prerequisites: Psychology 250, 280, 281 or mental disorders. one laboratory per week on consent of instructor basic neuroscience techniques. 6 units. PSyC 451 Enrollment limit: 12 Clinical Field Experience in Psychology Prerequisite: Psychology 360 Practical experience working in clinical settings in the local community. Students spend a minimum of ten hours per week at

202 PSyCHoLogy

PSyC 540 year. 6 units. Topics in Psycholinguistics Enrollment limit: 15 An examination of the nature and structure of Prerequisite: Psychology 270 or consent language, integrating knowledge from linguistics, of instructor psychology, neurophysiology, and sociology. Focus on the psychological theories and PSyC 575 experimental evidence about language produc Topics in Emotion and Health tion and perception. 6 units. This seminar will explore the psychology of Also listed as Linguistics 450 human emotion from scientific, philosophical, Enrollment limit: 15 and phenomenological perspectives and examine Prerequisite: Psychology 340, Linguistics 150, the implications of emotions for mental and or consent of instructor physical wellbeing. During the first half of the term, we will examine various theories of PSyC 550 emotion. During the second half, each class Topics in Mood Disorders will focus on a specific emotion or set of related An examination of the primary theories and emotions. 6 units. research on Mood (Depressive) Disorders. We Enrollment limit: 15 will examine issues pertaining to the origins Prerequisite: Psychology 270 or consent of of depression, assessment and diagnosis of instructor depression, and the effectiveness of different treatments. Emphasis will be placed on cogni PSyC 580 tive, interpersonal, behavioral, psychodynamic, Topics in Neuroscience and biological perspectives. 6 units. A study of the nervous system from the per Enrollment limit: 15 spectives of psychology, biology, and chemistry. Prerequisites: Psychology 250, 280, 281 or Topics vary year to year and may include consent of instructor neuronal integration, chemistry of neural membranes, alcohol and the brain, and chemical PSyC 560 aspects of psychoses. 6 units. Topics in Social Development Also listed as Biology 340 Intensive study of social development in child Prerequisites: Chemistry 116, and either hood and adolescence. Issues explored include Biology 140 and one course in psychology, or achievement motivation, early emotional Psychology 360 and one course in biology; or development, and gender. Additional topics consent of instructor are chosen by the class. 6 units. May be repeated with consent of instructor Enrollment limit: 15 Prerequisites: Psychology 260,265; PSyC 600 Mathematics 117; or consent of instructor Senior Seminar in Psychology Not offered in 2002-03 Debate and discussion of central issues in psy chology — e.g., ethical issues in psychological PSyC 570 research and practice, is human aggression Topics in Prejudice inevitable?, the efficacy of psychotherapy, and Examination of the psychology of prejudice. gender issues in psychology. Students report on Readings and discussions cover general theories a project — a literature review, empirical study, of prejudice as well as the dynamics of specific or applied experience — in written and oral types of prejudice (e.g., racism, sexism). The presentations. 6 units. specific areas covered may shift from year to Prerequisite: Senior standing as a psychology major 203 PSyCHoLogy

PSyC 190, 390, 590, 690 Recent tutorial topics in Tutorial Studies in Psychology Advanced study arranged and carried out psychology under the direction of an instructor. Variable credit. Ambivalent Sexism and Attitudes about Sexuality PSyC 195, 395, 595, 695 Experimental Phonetics and Phonology Practicum in Psychology Cognitive Risk Factors for Depression Practica include a wide variety of fieldwork Feminist Ethics opportunities in psychology. For example, Children’s Understanding of Anger students might do applied work in the areas Identity, SelfConcept, and Depression in of domestic violence, mental health treatment, Adolescent girls family legal services, victim assistance, develop optimism and Athletic Performance mental disabilities, human resources, or school The Psychology of Embarrassment psychology. Practica can be done during the Attributional Style in Children academic year (at local placements or on campus) Cognitive and Personality Risk Factors for or during the summer. Variable credit. Bulimia The Internet and Mental Health Services PSyC 199, 399, 599, 699 Reassurance Seeking and Depression Independent Study in Psychology Advanced research, arranged in consultation with the department. Students considering an honors project should register for this course, for one or more terms (see Honors at graduation, page 303). Variable credit.

204 Religious Studies

Professor: Carr3 (chair) 2. Islam: Religious Studies 240, 250, 280, 620 Associate professor: Kueny1 3. South Asia: Religious Studies 210, 220, 320, Assistant professor: Vorenkamp 350, 360, 410 Instructor: ParkKoenig 4. East Asia: Religious Studies 200, 220, 230, 320, 360 Courses in Christianity, religions of Asia, and A course may only count for one area; Islam form the core offerings in the depart designated seminars and appropriate tutorials ment. Students examine cultural and social may also fulfill these requirements. Whenever expressions of those religions (sacred texts, possible, majors should take courses in other rituals, instances of ecstasy and enthusiasm, departments that will enhance their knowledge reflective writings, institutions) at a particular of the religious traditions that they select. period, over time, and in relation to broader Religious Studies 600: Seminar in Methodology, historical, philosophical, and ethical issues. required of all majors, builds upon the intro ductory course by examining in greater depth selected approaches to the study of religion. Religious studies for Seminar in Methodology is normally taken in the non-majors junior or senior year. Although tutorials and independent studies are not required, advanced Courses acquaint students with texts, issues, majors are encouraged to discuss with their and kinds of analysis that will benefit their advisor the possibility of doing a tutorial work in other departments — especially in (Religious Studies 590) or independent study literature and the arts, history, music, anthro for honors (Religious Studies 599). pology, psychology, and political science. Note: With the consent of the instructor, most Required for the religious courses may be taken without previous work in religious studies. studies minor The minor in religious studies is intended to Required for the religious enable students in related fields to concentrate studies major on the religious tradition connected to their area of interest. Requiring both the introduc tory course and at least one course outside Extensive study of religion requires a comparative that tradition ensures that religious studies approach: in the words of Max Müller, to know minors will also develop some expertise in the one religion is to know none. Comparative overall study of religion. The minor requires a study begins with the introductory course minimum of five courses, to include: (Religious Studies 100); it is required of all 1. Religious Studies 100: Introduction to majors. Eight additional courses are required. Religious Studies Students choose two of the following areas; at 2. Two courses in one of the following areas: least two courses must be taken in each area East Asian religions, South Asian religions, chosen. Islam, Christianity 1. Christianity: Religious Studies 260, 270, 3. A seminarlevel course 300, 310, 400, 500 4. one additional course outside the chosen area A C average in the minor is also required. 1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; 4on leave Terms I, II, III

205 RELIgIoUS STUDIES

Graduate school RLST 210 Hinduism Students considering graduate work in religious A survey of the religious and philosophical studies should note that completion of a grad elements that constitute the broad system of uate degree typically requires demonstrated beliefs known as Hinduism. Emphasis is placed proficiency in at least one modern foreign on intellectual history, but dominant patterns language (normally French or german) as well of ritual and religious experience are also as one or more additional languages (depending covered. Readings include primary texts and on the area of concentration). College work associated commentaries. 6 units. leading toward graduate study should be planned with these requirements in mind. RLST 220 Buddhism A survey of Buddhist thought, focusing on Courses both the Theravada and Mahayana traditions. Attention to the evolution of key religious RLST 100 and philosophical ideas and their impact on Introduction to Religious Studies Buddhist practices and institutions from India An introduction to the academic study of to Eastern Asia. Readings include sections religion exploring crossculturally some of the from the Tripitaka, or canonical works, as well fundamental ways in which people experience as allied literary and philosophical works. and understand religion. Questions addressed 6 units. include: What is religion? What are the basic Also listed as East Asian Languages and forms of religious life? What connections exist Cultures 220 among selfidentity, the sacred, and society? Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. How do those connections help to establish meaning and values in human existence? How Religious Studies 200 or East Asian Languages is religious knowledge possible? Readings and Cultures 210 recommended include primary religious texts and critical reflections on religion. Intended primarily for RLST 230 freshmen and sophomores or students with no Taoism and Confucianism prior work in the religious studies department. An exploration of the development of Taoism 6 units. and Confucianism, the dominant religious and intellectual traditions of China. Focus on Enrollment limit: 35 literary and philosophical texts, including such classics as the Dao De Jing and Analects, to RLST 200 discern the beliefs, and thus the larger world East Asian Religious Traditions views or perspectives, of each tradition. A survey of the major religious traditions 6 units. of China and Japan (ancient Chinese spirit worship, Taoism, Confucianism, Shinto, and Also listed as East Asian Languages and Buddhism). Attention centers on the religious Cultures 230 experience, patterns of ritual, world views, Prerequisite: Sophomore standing philosophy, and ethical insights of the traditions. East Asian Languages and Cultures 140 or 210 6 units. recommended Also listed as East Asian Languages and Cultures 210

206 RELIgIoUS STUDIES

RLST 240 RLST 275 Islam History of Catholicism in America A general introduction to Islam, not only in An examination of the history and develop terms of theology, law, and practice but also in ment of Catholicism in America from the terms of popular devotion. By moving from its Colonial Period through the present day. basic scriptural assertions (such as divine unity, Themes to be addressed include: the roles of moral practice, final judgment, and communal women, characteristics of material culture, responsibility) to the ways in which these devotional practices, racism and ethnic dis assertions have been articulated in Muslim crimination, “threats” to the Republic, and societies through art, architecture, mysticism, continuities and discontinuities between and daily ritual, students will gain insight into American Protestant culture and Catholicism. one of the world’s largest religious traditions. 6 units. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 20 RLST 250 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Sufism An exploration of the mystical dimension of RLST 280 Islam through the poetic voices and ascetic/ Quran ecstatic practices of those who claim to “die An introduction to the structure, content, and before death.” From wandering ascetics to historical context of the Quran. In addition to whirling dervishes, this course surveys the an examination of the text, other issues will individuals and communities who tread the also be considered, such as the Islamic view Sufi path and examines their complementary of prophets and prophecy, the idea of scripture but often inimical relationship with orthodox not as written but as “spoken book,” and the role of the Quran in Muslim piety and practice. Islam. 6 units. 6 units. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Prerequisite: Sophomore standing RLST 260 RLST 300 Christianity through the 15th Century Biblical Literature in Translation: An examination of the major developments in Hebrew Bible Christian thought and practice from its origin An examination of the various genres of to the late Middle Ages. Topics include the literature composing the Hebrew Bible, most formation of doctrine in the early church, notably narrative history, prophecy, and song. Christian heresies, the cult of martyrs, the Particular emphasis will be placed upon development of the monastic tradition, and situating the texts in their social, religious, and the rise of the papacy. 6 units. historical contexts, while considering their subsequent reception and reinterpretation. RLST 270 6 units. Christianity in the Modern World A study of Christian history from the RLST 310 Reformation to the present. Topics include Biblical Literature in Translation: the origins of Protestantism, the Counter New Testament Reformation, Pietism, Deism, Liberal Theology, An introduction to the literature that compos the Vatican Councils, Dialectical Theology, es the New Testament. Not only will students Fundamentalism. Special attention to the analyze the canonical writings of this text in impact of modernity (e.g., the rise of science, light of modern scholarship, but so too will the development of the historical critical method, they examine them in comparison with a pluralism, secularization). 6 units.

207 RELIgIoUS STUDIES selection of noncanonical and nonChristian RLST 350 texts to gain insight into the social world and Gandhi religious imagination of early Christians. An examination of the life, times, and thought 6 units. of Mohandas gandhi, emphasizing the religious concept of satyagraha (holding fast to the truth) RLST 320 and the philosophy of nonviolence as the Readings in Asian Religious Texts central precepts in his effort to transform Close reading (in translation) and discussion Indian society and ultimately of his global of major texts from Asian religious traditions. influences. 6 units. Texts include selections from Hinduism, Enrollment limit: 15 Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism in India, Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Tibet, China, and Japan. The course emphasizes analysis of each text as a means to detailed RLST 360 understanding of the larger tradition. 6 units. Women in Asian Religions Also listed as East Asian Languages and Examination of the role of women in Asian Cultures 320 societies by exploring issues pertaining to Prerequisite: one of the following: Religious women in the religions of Indian, Chinese, and Studies 200, 210, 220 or consent of instructor Japanese societies. Students will examine the role, influence, and impact of (and upon) RLST 330 women in Hinduism, Taoism, Confucianism, Rationality and Religious Belief and Shintoism to learn how each religion and An examination of the range of views on the culture has responded to women’s issues. relationship between reason and religion, 6 units. focusing in particular on theistic belief. Also listed as gender Studies 365 Questions addressed include: Can god’s Prerequisite: one course in Asian religions existence be proven? Is faith different from ordinary belief? Does mystical experience RLST 370 provide adequate grounds for religious belief? The Holocaust 6 units. An interdisciplinary examination of the social Enrollment limit: 20 psychological and religious dimensions of the Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Holocaust. Topics include social psychological and cultural origins of the Holocaust (including RLST 340 the role of Christian antiSemitism); social Ritual, Power, and Ecstasy psychological and religious aspects of Nazi An introduction to classical and contemporary ideology; understanding perpetrators, victims, approaches to the interpretation of myth, ritual, and bystanders; and theological responses to belief, and religious experience. Though the the Holocaust. 6 units. course reviews a wide variety of religious forms, Also listed as Psychology 220 special attention is paid to mystical and ecstatic Enrollment limit: 40 experiences, spirit possession, and altered states of consciousness. Additional focus on the rela Prerequisite: Sophomore standing tionships among religion, power, and social hierarchies. 6 units. RLST 380 Jerusalem Enrollment limit: 35 A walk through the holy city from its origins Also listed as Anthropology 304 to the present. Emphasis on the city as an Prerequisite: one course in either anthropology essential religious center for Judaism, or religious studies Christianity, and Islam. Topics include present

208 RELIgIoUS STUDIES and past conflicts over claims to sacred space; RLST 500 the tangled web of sacred figures and their Seminar: Kierkegaard shared histories; religious geography, art, and Intensive study of the works of the Danish architecture; the Zionist movement and the philosopher/theologian considered to be the Palestinian crisis in recent times; and the politics father of Existentialism. Concentration on surrounding archaeological discovery. 6 units. Kierkegaard’s view of the self and its relation Prerequisite: Sophomore standing to his stages of existence, with particular atten tion to his view of faith. Some consideration RLST 385 to the historical context of his thought and The Wandering Jew his influence on 20thcentury theology and Investigation of the crosscultural manifestations philosophy. 6 units. of Jewish cultural life, with special emphasis on Prerequisite: Consent of instructor the religious dimensions of experience. Attention to the institutions and rituals of RLST 510 Jewish communities in relationship with the Seminar: Zen Buddhism diverse societies in which they are situated. Zen Buddhism is perhaps the most widely Themes include: textual foundations of known form of Buddhism in the West — Judaism, doctrinal and popular ritual practices, and also the most widely misunderstood. This the construction of Jewish identity, Jewish course provides a detailed look at the history displacement and diaspora. 6 units. and doctrines of Zen Buddhism in China and Also listed as Anthropology 500 Japan. Combining the use of original source materials (in translation) with an emphasis on Prerequisite: Junior standing and at least two intellectual history, the course covers specific courses in anthropology, or consent of instructor doctrines that have differentiated the major schools of Zen. 6 units. RLST 400 Themes in Modern Western Enrollment limit: 15 Religious Thought Also listed as East Asian Languages and A critical survey of one or more of the Cultures 510 distinctive themes in the religious thought of Prerequisite: Religious Studies 220 or consent the West since the Reformation. Topic varies of instructor year to year; course may be repeated. In 2002 03 the topic is Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, and the RLST 520 “Death of god.” 6 units. Seminar: Women and Gender in Islam Prerequisite: Religious Studies 270 or consent A critical examination of the constructs, insti of instructor tutions, and modes of thought that have played a crucial role in defining women’s roles in RLST 410 Muslim societies. An indepth focus on Islamic Systems of Hindu Philosophy discourses on gender from the time of the Focusing on six systems at the philosophical prophet Muhammad to the present, and an core of Brahmanical Hinduism, this course examination of some of the key debates that examines each school’s explanation of the have shaped the status of women across Islamic structure of reality and the way humans come cultures. 6 units. to know that reality. This allows a detailed look Also listed as gender Studies 555 at each school’s view of the religious problems confronting every individual and their solutions Prerequisite: Two courses in religious studies to those problems. Readings emphasize primary or consent of instructor texts (in translation). 6 units. Prerequisite: Religious Studies 210 209 RELIgIoUS STUDIES

RLST 530 RLST 199, 399, 599, 699 Seminar: Blood Sacrifice Independent Study in Religious Studies This course will examine some of the intricate Advanced research, arranged in consultation relationships between violence, the sacred, and with the department. Students planning an sacrificial practices in several religious traditions. honors project should register for this course, Drawing upon theories and myths of sacrifice, for one or more terms (see Honors at students will develop methods for studying this graduation, page 303). Variable credit. ambivalent expression of religious piety. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 15 Recent tutorial topics in Prerequisite: Sophomore standing religious studies

RLST 600 Eschatological Aspects of Zoroastrianism Seminar in Methodology Nietzsche’s Critique of Christianity An examination of approaches to the study of gnosticism and the Early Church religion selected from a school of thought or a Feminist Theology more eclectic group of authors. Students are Nineteenth Century german Idealism encouraged to draw upon previous course Introduction to Arabic work. 6 units. Introduction to Biblical Hebrew The Philosophy of Dogen Prerequisites: Two courses in religious studies or consent of instructor

RLST 190, 390, 590, 690 Tutorial Studies in Religious Studies Advanced research, arranged and carried out under the direction of an instructor. Variable credit.

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Professor: yatzeck (chair) 6. Two of the following: History 315: Empire Associate professor: Matveyev and Nation in Russian History, History 320: Lecturer: Sendelbach Imperial Russia, 1800-1917, History 325: The Soviet Union, 1917-1991 Lawrence offers a major and a minor in Russian, which is one of the world’s most important and widely spoken languages. Speakers of Required for the Russian can use their abilities in a wide variety Russian minor of careers. Students taking Russian at the beginning 1. Russian 101, 102, 201 (or the equivalent) and intermediate levels concentrate on acquiring 2. Russian 211, 212, 250 skills in speaking, listening comprehension, 3. Any two courses selected from Russian 300, reading, and writing. Majors are strongly Russian 305, Russian 309, Russian 330, encouraged to spend a term studying in Russia. Russian 335, History 315, History 320, Back on campus, upperlevel courses and History 325, government 330 tutorials enable students to improve their critical 4. C average in the minor and analytical skills, learn more about Russia’s rich literary and cultural traditions, and gain additional speaking practice. At all levels, students Foreign and off-campus study have the opportunity to work with tutors from the former Soviet Union and to take advantage After two years of language study on campus, of extracurricular activities such as Russian Table majors are strongly encouraged to spend a and film showings. term studying in Russia (or, with departmental Culture and literature courses taught in approval, in another country of the former translation are designed not only for majors and Soviet Union). Study abroad provides an minors but for all other students as well. These unparalleled opportunity to make gains in courses have no prerequisites, and they fulfill a language proficiency and to become familiar number of general Education Requirements. with Russian life and culture. The ACM’s Russia Seminar in Krasnodar, held in Term I, provides an excellent educa Required for the Russian major tional opportunity; the program includes a ten day field trip to Moscow and St. Petersburg. 1. Russian 101, 102, 201 (or the equivalent) Lawrence also has a direct exchange program, 2. Russian 211, 212, 250 also during Term I, with Kurgan State 3. Two courses selected from Russian 361: University, located in Appleton’s sister city. In Survey of Russian Prose, Russian 362: Survey both of these programs, students live with of Russian Poetry, Russian 363: Survey of Russian families. Russian Drama During Terms I, II, or III, students may 4. Three additional upperlevel courses participate in other programs sponsored by the conducted in Russian (which should be Council on International Educational completed through a studyabroad program) Exchange (CIEE) and the American Council 5. Russian 300: Seduction, Marriage, and Adultery of Teachers of Russian (ACTR). Students are in 19th-Century Literature in Translation, also encouraged to participate in intensive Russian 305: Repression and Resistance in summer language programs offered in the Soviet and Post-Soviet Literature in Translation United States, particularly immediately prior to spending a fall term in Russia. 211 RUSSIAN

Courses RUSS 212 Intermediate Russian II RUSS 101 A continuation of Russian 211. More exposure Beginning Russian I to literary texts, along with newspaper articles. The first course of a threeterm sequence. Video clips continue to improve students’ once students learn the Cyrillic alphabet and listening comprehension skills and cultural pronunciation, they acquire a basis for speaking, knowledge. Conducted in Russian. 6 units. understanding, reading, and writing spoken Prerequisite: Russian 211 or consent Russian. Cultural information is incorporated of instructor throughout the course. Some individual meetings with tutor and instructor. 6 units. RUSS 250 Advanced Intermediate Russian RUSS 102 A continuation of Russian 212. More intensive Beginning Russian II reading, writing, and conversational practice to A continuation of Russian 101. Continued provide a transition to study abroad. 6 units. practice in speaking, reading, writing, and Prerequisite: Russian 212 listening comprehension. Cultural information is incorporated throughout the course. Some RUSS 300 individual meetings with tutor and instructor. Seduction, Marriage, and Adultery in 6 units. 19th-Century Literature in Translation Prerequisite: Russian 101 or consent Some major canonical works of Russian litera of instructor ture will be juxtaposed with several lesserknown works. The texts are thematically unified by RUSS 201 their examination of romantic and sexual Beginning Intermediate Russian relationships, many of which are limited by A continuation of Russian 102. Students social restrictions. Some works will be studied acquire a wider range of linguistic structures, in conjunction with movie versions. No which enables them to start speaking, under knowledge of Russian required. 6 units. standing, reading, and writing on a higher level. Offered every other year Some individual meetings with tutor and instructor. 6 units. RUSS 305 Prerequisite: Russian 102 or consent Repression and Resistance in Soviet and of instructor. Post-Soviet Literature in Translation Survey of Soviet and postSoviet literature RUSS 211 from 1920 to the present. Course will explore Intermediate Russian I ways in which writers responded to, helped Further development of the reading, writing, shape, and reacted against the Soviet system. speaking, and listening comprehension skills Works will be set in historical and political acquired in firstyear Russian. grammar context. No knowledge of Russian required. review and introduction of more complex 6 units. grammatical concepts. Students read some Offered every other year authentic literary texts. Cultural information is presented through written texts and audio RUSS 309 visual/computer materials. Conducted primarily Two Masterpieces in Translation in Russian. 6 units. Two novels that lie at the heart of Russian Prerequisite: Russian 201 or consent literature, Tolstoy’s War and Peace and of instructor Dostoevsky’s Brothers Karamazov, will be read in translation. No knowledge of Russian

212 RUSSIAN required. 6 units. RUSS 362 Offered every other year Survey of 19th- and 20th-Century Russian Poetry RUSS 330 Primary goals are to read, analyze, and discuss Russian Culture through Music lyric poems by some of Russia’s major poets. Important issues and episodes in Russian Pushkin, Lermontov, Tyutchev, Akhmatova, cultural history, explored through the prism of Blok, and Zabolotsky are all possibilities. 6 units. 19th and 20thcentury orchestral music, opera, Prerequisite: Two years of college Russian and ballet. Themes include: Russia’s ambiguous selfidentity vis-a-vis the West, Russia’s ambiva RUSS 363 lence toward Central Asia, and the uneasy Survey of 19th- and 20th-Century partnership between Russian orthodoxy and Russian Drama nationalism. No knowledge of Russian required. Primary goals are to read, discuss, and analyze 6 units. several plays. Pushkin, ostrovsky, Chekhov, and Also listed as Music History 140 gorky are possibilities. 6 units. Not offered in 2002-03 Prerequisite: Two years of college Russian

RUSS 335 RUSS 190, 390, 590, 690 Women and Gender in Russian Culture Tutorial Studies in Russian An interdisciplinary examination of gender Advanced work, in Russian, arranged and roles and gender identity in Russian culture carried out in consultation with the faculty. and society. Materials from a variety of fields, Topics and structure of the course depend on including literature, film, and art, are included. the student’s interest, the instructor, and the No knowledge of Russian required. 6 units. subject. Tutorials are not substitutes for courses offered elsewhere in the curriculum. Also listed as gender Studies 260 Variable credit. Offered every other year Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent of instructor RUSS 350 Kurgan Exchange Term RUSS 195, 395, 595, 695 Courses in Russian phonetics, grammar, Internship in Russian conversation, translation, literature, and folklore An opportunity for students to apply their taken at Kurgan State University in Russia. Russian language skills in business, government, Students live with families in Kurgan, thereby and the nonprofit sector on the regional, getting constant exposure to Russian language national, and international levels. Arranged in and culture. 18 units. collaboration with and supervised by a member Prerequisite: Two years of college Russian or of the department. Includes discussion, report, consent of department faculty and/or portfolio. Advance consultation and Offered every year application required. Credit may be given for internships completed during a period of study RUSS 361 abroad. Variable credit. Survey of 19th- and 20th-Century Prerequisite: Completion of two years of Russian Prose college Russian and previous or concurrent Primary goals are to read, discuss, and analyze study in a Russianspeaking country selected short stories and novel excerpts by Offered on demand some of Russia’s major writers. Pushkin, Lermontov, Turgenev, Tolstoy, Chekhov, gorky, Babel, and Kuraev are all possibilities. 6 units. Prerequisite: Two years of college Russian 213 RUSSIAN

RUSS 199, 399, 599, 699 in Russian Independent Study in Russian Individualized advanced research carried out in Tolstoy and Chekhov consultation with a faculty member. Students Reading the Russian Press considering an honors project in their senior Conversational Practice year should register for an upperlevel inde pendent study for one or more terms (see Honors at graduation, page 303). Variable credit. Limited to junior and senior majors

Recent tutorial topics

214 Spanish

Associate professor: Fares (chair) except where specified, all class discussion, essays, Visiting associate professor: Vilches and examinations are conducted in Spanish. Assistant professors: Jura, Tapia Instructors: Mena, Palomino Placement offerings in the Spanish department include a wide range of courses in the language, cultures, Students interested in taking Spanish for the and literatures of Spain and Latin America. All first time at Lawrence are required to take a readings, class discussions, and written work in placement examination. Students will be courses beyond the intermediate level (Spanish placed in courses according to their grade in 201) are in Spanish, unless specified otherwise. the placement test. Registration in Spanish 101 At the advanced level, students examine a variety is based on a required placement examination. of significant language and cultural issues At the course level of 300 and above, students through intensive reading, writing, listening, should be mindful of the prerequisites to take and speaking in Spanish. This preparation a particular course and need to consult with a provides the necessary background for careers Spanish instructor before registering for the in foreign language teaching, in bilingual course. At whatever level students place, they education, in government service, and in the should plan to begin their study of Spanish in international marketplace and also for graduate the freshman or sophomore year. study in such fields as languages, library science, or literature. Spanish is already the second language of business in the United States, and, Satisfying the language in conjunction with another area of specializa requirement tion, the competence gained in the Spanish major program prepares the student for careers As part of its general Education Requirements, in fields such as international business and Lawrence requires all students to attain a for commerce, law, and communications. eign language competency at the minimum level equivalent to three college terms of study (i.e., successful completion of Spanish 201). Goals Students can satisfy this requirement in several different ways. The options include: The general goals of the Spanish department’s • Successfully completing all, or appropriate offerings include the development and sections of, the Spanish 101102201 improvement of the student’s ability to sequence, depending on the results of the communicate, to know and understand different Lawrence placement examination in Spanish. cultures, to establish connections with additional • Placing above the level of Spanish 201 on bodies of knowledge, and to make comparisons the Lawrence placement examination in between Spanish and his/her native language Spanish; this satisfies the language requirement — in short, to enable the student to participate but carries no additional academic credit. in multilingual communities. These goals are attained through a reasonably high competency • Obtaining a score of 4 or 5 on the in the Spanish language and an introduction to Advanced Placement (AP) examination in Latin American and Peninsular literatures and Spanish Language or Spanish Literature; this cultures. From the beginning, Spanish is used satisfies the requirement and carries credit extensively, if not totally, in the classroom and, equivalent to one 6unit course.

215 SPANISH

• Obtaining 4 credits at the CLEP examina g. Spanish 600: Senior Seminar tion in Spanish; students in the B.Mus. At least four of the advanced courses degree program satisfy the language must be taken on the Appleton campus. Spanish requirement with 2 credits in the CLEP. majors are urged to take courses in other disci The CLEP satisfies the requirement but plines that relate to the Spanishspeaking world. carries no additional academic credit. They cannot take more than two courses in • Obtaining a score of 6 or higher on the English as part of the Spanish major. It is advis Spanish International Baccalaureate able that majors who plan to enter graduate Examination at the advanced level; this school take a second foreign language. satisfies the requirement and carries credit equivalent to one 6unit course. Note: Lawrence does not conduct the CLEP, Portfolio requirement AP, or IB examinations. They can be taken at numerous authorized centers on a fee basis. In addition to the coursework specified above, students majoring in Spanish will be required to assemble a portfolio, which will provide Required for the Spanish evidence that demonstrates how the student, major while enrolled in the program, has developed a number of the qualities and skills essential to Ten courses above the level of Spanish 202, his or her future success. The portfolio is a to include: collection of evidence that constitutes a com a. Spanish 315: Advanced Composition pelling argument that a person is proficient and Conversation or has made progress toward a goal. b. Spanish 320: Introduction to Literary Texts At the beginning of their last term, by c. one of the following: Spanish 400: the second week in April, Spanish majors are Latin American Civilization and Culture, required to submit to the department for Spanish 405: Spanish Civilization and approval the portfolio of revised written work Culture, Spanish 410: Current Events in that they have done in departmental courses at Spanish Lawrence University (or abroad in the case of d. Two of the following: Spanish 510: language or gateway courses and culture/ civi Survey of Peninsular Spanish Literature I, lization courses). At least two Spanish depart Spanish 511: Survey of Peninsular Spanish ment faculty members assigned by the chair Literature II, Spanish 520: Survey of Latin will evaluate the portfolio and communicate American Literature I, Spanish 521: Survey the evaluation to the student by the first week of Latin American Literature II in May. Unapproved portfolios must be revised e. Spanish 530: Advanced Grammar Studies before the end of the term, and successful f . Three electives at the 300, 400, or 500 completion of this requirement is a condition level. Possibilities include departmental for eligibility to graduate. offerings as well as one course from outside A portfolio of students’ work should the Spanish department, such as Art consist of the following: History 230: Baroque Art, Anthropology 1. A cover letter describing the content of 352: Ethnography of Latin America, History the portfolio 260: Culture and Power in Renaissance 2. A list of courses taken for the major Europe or History 261: Rebellion and 3. A reflective statement of two or more Discipline in Reformation Europe, pages, in which the student evaluates his/ Psychology 540: Psycholinguistics, her development during the years Philosophy 400: Philosophy of Language. as a Spanish major. 4. Four pieces of writing from Spanish courses

216 SPANISH

of the 300 level and above. Each must be at Study abroad least 300 wordslong and consist of revised papers distributed as follows: The department recommends that majors and one sample from a literature course minors spend time studying in a Spanish one sample from either a language speaking country and advises them to view practice or a gateway course Lawrence's programs in Latin America or Spain one sample from a culture/civilization as a way of fulfilling and complementing course departmental requirements. Nonmajors one sample from another Spanish with sufficient linguistic preparation are also course (300 and above) of the encouraged to participate in these programs. student’s choosing Lawrence University offers a variety of off The portfolio should be presented as a campus courses in languages and in other dis hard copy as well as on a computer disk. ciplines through the Institute for International Students should familiarize themselves Education for Students (IES) and the Associated with the departmental requirement at the Colleges of the Midwest (ACM). Contact time of declaring the major. the department chair or the director of inter national and offcampus programs for more Required for the Spanish minor information. 1. Six courses above the level of Spanish 202, Opportunities for non-majors to include: a. Spanish 315: Advanced Composition and While all courses in the Spanish department Conversation are open to nonmajors as well as majors, a b. Spanish 320: Introduction to Literary Texts number of courses may be of special interest c. one of the following: Spanish 400: Latin to nonmajors. Students seeking to improve American Civilization and Culture, Spanish their writing and speaking skills beyond the 405: Spanish Civilization and Culture, intermediate level may take courses beyond Spanish 410: Current Events in Spanish Spanish 201. d. one of the following: Spanish 510: Survey of Peninsular Spanish Literature I, Spanish 511: Survey of Peninsular Spanish Numbering Literature II, Spanish 520: Survey of Latin American Literature I, Spanish 521: Survey At the beginning and intermediate levels, courses of Latin American Literature II are numbered to indicate relative difficulty, the e. Electives at the 300, 400, or 500 level lowest numbers identifying those that require from departmental offerings. These may the least proficiency in Spanish. Courses num include one internship. bered 101202 are primarily language courses. 2. Spanish Table attendance Courses in the 300s provide continued practice 3. Completion of a short project as part of in the language and introduce the student to one of the courses literary analysis and the major genres. The 400 4. C average in the minor level courses deal with the culture and civiliza At least three of the advanced courses tion of Spanishspeaking countries. Courses at must be taken on the Appleton campus. Spanish the 500 level provide continued practice in all minors are urged to take courses in other four language skills and in literary analysis, disciplines that relate to the Spanishspeaking introduce students to surveys of literature, and world. They cannot take more than one course also examine themes with specific emphasis in English as part of the Spanish minor. and focus. Senior capstone courses (600s) may

217 SPANISH deal with selected works by a 6 units. single author or with a specific theme, begin Enrollment limit: 20 ning together all the areas of knowledge and Prerequisite: Spanish 201, its equivalent, or proficiency in the target language in order to consent of the instructor explore different topics. Tutorial students and independent projects can be pursued in courses SPAN 315 numbered in the 95s, with approval of the Advanced Composition and Conversation department chairperson. The goal of this course is to develop students’ abilities to communicate, both orally and in Courses writing. The objectives are to improve writing skills, including expansion of vocabulary and SPAN 101 control of grammar, to begin mastering rhe Beginning Spanish torical techniques for organizing information, An introduction to Spanish. Special emphasis and to provide intensive practice of oral on understanding, speaking, reading, and writ communication skills. 6 units. ing. Students work on pronunciation and Enrollment limit: 15 vocabularybuilding. 6 units. Prerequisite: Spanish 202, its equivalent, or Enrollment limit: 20 consent of the instructor Prerequisite: Registration in Spanish 101 is based on a required placement examination. SPAN 320 Introduction to Literary Texts SPAN 102 A bridge between intermediate and advanced Beginning Spanish courses, with readings from across the centuries A continuation of Spanish 101 with intensive of Latin American and Spanish literature. practice in the language skills. Some use of Reading and composition tasks prepare the cultural materials. 6 units. student for the literature courses required for the minor and the major. Intensive reading Enrollment limit: 20 practice using short texts from a variety of Prerequisite: Spanish 101, its equivalent, or genres (short stories, fables, fairy tales, poems, consent of the instructor and nonfiction). Includes grammar review and vocabulary building. 6 units. SPAN 201 Enrollment limit: 15 Intermediate Spanish A comprehensive review of language skills with Prerequisite: Spanish 202, its equivalent, or emphasis on mastery of forms and structures. consent of the instructor Selected readings serve to develop conversational and writing skills. 6 units. SPAN 330 Literatures in Spanish as Film Enrollment limit: 20 A study of literature in Spanish that has been Prerequisite: Spanish 102, its equivalent, or adapted, or referenced, in films. Emphasis on consent of the instructor the interconnections between dramatic and narrative modes of cinematic representation, as SPAN 202 well as on the exploration of literature and Intermediate Spanish film as different media. 6 units. Discussions in Spanish of Hispanic texts and Also listed as Theatre and Drama 352 their cultural contexts. Emphasis on acquisition of language skills needed for advanced study. Enrollment limit: 15 Selective review of forms and structures. Prerequisite: Spanish 202, its equivalent, or consent of the instructor 218 SPANISH

SPAN 335 Prerequisite: one 300level Spanish course, its Spanish for Special Purposes equivalent, or consent of the instructor An advanced languageacquisition course intended to familiarize students with specialized SPAN 405 vocabulary and communicative practices in Spanish Civilization and Culture Spanishspeaking countries. Emphasis on An overview of Spanish history followed by intensive reading practice and listening examination of various aspects of Spanish culture. proficiency, as well as on appropriate oral and A broad introduction to the culture of Spain written discourse. Thematic focus will vary; and its relations to North American culture. possible topics include the language of business, The course presents Spain’s civilization, history, politics, law, the environment, music, the visual economic and political situation, and diverse arts, etc. 6 units. culture. Emphasis is placed on high cultural Enrollment limit: 15 manifestations such as art and literature, as well as on the everyday habits of the people. 6 units. Prerequisite: Spanish 202, its equivalent, or consent of the instructor Recommended for students who plan to par ticipate in our studyabroad program to Spain SPAN 340 Enrollment limit: 15 Spanish Phonetics Prerequisite: one 300level Spanish course, its Spanish Phonetics will immerse students in the equivalent, or consent of the instructor pronunciation and general phonetics of the Spanish language as it is spoken in Spain and SPAN 410 Latin America. The course will help students Current Events in Spanish perfect their accent in Spanish and make them A critical analysis of current events in the aware of the different accents of spoken Spanishspeaking world, through discussions of Spanish. Taught in English. Homework and recent newspaper and magazine articles as well examinations in English for nonSpanish as selected radio and television broadcasts from students. Students of Spanish will do outside the Spanishspeaking media, with emphasis on readings, homework, and examinations in oral communication. The course allows students Spanish. 6 units. to develop their oral communication skills in Enrollment limit: 15 the target language and to work with a wide Prerequisite: For students of Spanish: Spanish range of topics and interests toward an under 202, its equivalent, or consent of the instructor; standing of the issues facing the Spanish for nonSpanish students: none speaking world in the 21st century. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 15 SPAN 400 Prerequisite: one 300level Spanish course, its Latin American Civilization and Culture equivalent, or consent of the instructor A broad introduction to the culture of the Latin American continent and its relations to SPAN 510 North American culture. The course presents Survey of Peninsular Spanish Literature I: Latin America’s civilization, history, economic Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque and political situation, and diverse culture. An introduction to Medieval, Renaissance, and Emphasis is placed on high cultural manifestations Baroque Spanish literature, culture, and society. such as art and literature, as well as on the Reading and discussion of poetry, prose, and everyday habits of the people. 6 units. theatre from Spain in their historical and cultural Recommended for students who plan to par contexts. Introduction to basic concepts of ticipate in one of our studyabroad programs literary theory. Texts, discussion, and written to Latin America assignments in Spanish. Additional materials Enrollment limit: 15 such as films and paintings may be used for 219 SPANISH class discussions in order to contextualize SPAN 530 readings. 6 units. Advanced Grammar Studies Enrollment limit: 15 Indepth study of grammar, syntax, and com position that builds on concepts learned in the Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, its intermediate courses. Problem areas, particularly equivalent, or consent of the instructor at the advanced level of the language, are studied systematically. 6 units. SPAN 511 Survey of Peninsular Spanish Literature Enrollment limit: 15 II: Romanticism through 20th Century Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, its An introduction to Romanticism, Realism, equivalent, or consent of the instructor Modernism, generations of ’98 and ’27, and PostCivil War Spanish literature, culture, and SPAN 535 society. Reading and discussion of poetry, Topics in Literature and Culture prose, and theatre from Spain in their historical Topics for special study in Spanish of and cultural contexts. Introduction to basic Peninsular and Latin American literatures and concepts of literary theory. Texts, discussion, cultures. Topics in this series vary from year to and written assignments in Spanish. Additional year, according to students’ and instructor’s materials such as films and paintings may be used needs and interests. The course may be repeated for class discussions in order to contextualize with consent of the instructor, if the topic has readings. 6 units. changed. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 15 Enrollment limit: 15 Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, its Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, its equivalent, or consent of the instructor equivalent, or consent of the instructor

SPAN 520 SPAN 540 Survey of Latin American Literature I Hispanic American Black Literature A study of texts from PreColumbian and A study of the literature of the African Spanishspeaking cultures from the 15th to Hispanic communities in Peru, Colombia, and 19th centuries, the period of “discovery writing” the Hispanic Caribbean countries in a cultural of Spanish colonies in Latin America, focusing and historical context. Emphasis on the way in on development and elaboration of genres and which black literature developed a distinctive on the search for cultural and political emanci ethnic identity. 6 units. pation from Spain. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 15 Enrollment limit: 15. Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, its Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, equivalent, or consent of the instructor its equivalent, or consent of the instructor SPAN 545 SPAN 521 Women’s Writings Survey of Latin American Literature II A course on women’s writing from different A study of major Latin American writers and times and Spanishspeaking cultures. It will literary movements from the period of emphasize theoretical approaches to women’s Independence (ca. 1810) to the 20th century. writings and closely read some relevant 6 units. authors, from colonial times to contemporary Enrollment limit: 15 ones. Taught in English and/or Spanish. 6 units. Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, its equivalent, or consent of the instructor Also listed as gender Studies 548

220 SPANISH

Enrollment limit: 15 culture. Taught in English and/or Spanish. Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, its 6 units. equivalent, or consent of the instructor. Enrollment limit: 15 Prerequisites: When taught in Spanish, one SPAN 550 400level Spanish course, its equivalent, or Cervantes: Don Quijote consent of the instructor; when taught in Close reading and discussion of Don Quijote, English, none Parts I and II. Attention is given to the social and political context of the work. 6 units. SPAN 600 Enrollment limit: 15 Senior Seminar Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, its Seniors meet with the instructor early in the equivalent, or consent of the instructor fall term to select a specific topic for the course. Together, they and the instructor agree SPAN 555 on a reading list for the course that will allow 20th-Century Spanish Fiction them to formulate their own projects within A study of the modern Spanish novel, short the framework of a given theme for the seminar. story, and fiction in general of both pre and The students’ projects may take them in a postCivil War date. Authors include Unamuno, direction of their choice (literature, art, history, Cela, Matute, J. goytisolo, gaite, Delibes, among music, etc.) within the seminar. The results of others. 6 units. their research will be presented orally and in writing by the end of the term. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 15. Enrollment limit: 15 Prerequisite: one 400level Spanish course, its equivalent, or consent of the instructor Prerequisite: one 500level Spanish course, its equivalent, or consent of instructor SPAN 560 The Romance Languages and SPAN 190, 390, 590, 690 their Histories Tutorial Studies in Spanish An introduction to the development of Topic of study and the term’s work depend on Romance languages from Latin. Emphasis on the interest of the student and the instructor a comparative study of the structures of the and on the subject matter. Tutorials are not modem Romance languages. Taught in substitutes for courses but opportunities to English. 6 units. pursue topics suggested by courses. May be taken for more than one term; may be taken Also listed as Classics 520 and Linguistics 510 for full or partial credit. All tutorials must be Prerequisite: Knowledge of Latin or a approved by the department chair. Romance language beyond the intermediate level, or consent of the instructor SPAN 195, 395, 595, 695 Internship SPAN 565 An opportunity for students to apply their Hispanic Issues Spanish language and culture skills in business, This course covers the main cultural issues in the government, and the nonprofit sector, on the contemporary Hispanic world. It concentrates regional, national, and international level. on both the Hispanics of Latin America and Arranged in collaboration with and supervised those of the United States. Through theoretical by a member of the department. Includes materials as well as literature, film, historical readings, discussions, and a report and/or documents, testimony, etc., this course addresses portfolio. Internships in Spanishrelated fields a variety of subjects related to the Hispanic are available during the summer or the academic

221 SPANISH year and may carry academic credit if they Recent tutorial topics meet the guidelines for academic internships and receive prior approval from the Spanish in Spanish department chair. Variable credit. Literature and History of Venezuela Prerequisite: one 300level Spanish course, its Women Writers of Latin America equivalent, or consent of the instructor Chicano Literature and Culture Offered on demand Representation of Women in Isabel Allende’s Works SPAN 199, 399, 599, 699 Literatura de los gauchos Independent Study in Spanish A thorough investigation of a topic of the student’s choice, carried out in consultation with an instructor. Students considering an honors project should register for this course, for one or more terms (see Honors at graduation, page 303). Recent independent studies in Spanish have included: Chicano Identity in Chicano Literature, Feminism in the Writings of Isabel Allende, and Inca Religion in Colonial Literature. All independent studies in Spanish must be approved in advance by the Spanish department chair. Variable credit.

222 Theatre and Drama

Associate professor: Frielund (chair) strengths in the area in which he or she hopes Assistant professors: Privatt, Troy to continue studies or seek employment. Lecturer: owens Students anticipating graduate study in an area of concentration should consult with their Students arrive at Lawrence with a wide variety advisor to ensure that their auditions, résumés, of theatre experiences and nearly as wide a set or portfolio presentations are prepared, depend of expectations. Many have had a highschool ing on their area of concentration. In addition, experience of working in theatre productions. students are strongly encouraged to participate Some see their college years as the first step in one or more offcampus programs, such as toward a career in theatre. others see theatre as the London Study Center or the Chicago a rewarding extracurricular activity, and they Semester in the Arts, to deepen their under hope to continue enjoying that involvement. standing of the demands of the various areas To meet the interests of the first group, the of concentration prior to designing their senior Department of Theatre and Drama has designed projects. Students hoping to become certified a curriculum that allows the student to deepen as secondaryschool teachers of theatre should his or her general knowledge of the field consult with an advisor in the Department of while beginning the process of specialization Education to ensure that they have completed within a particular focus area. the necessary courses for that certification. To meet the expectations of the second Additional details about certification are group, the department produces a wide variety contained in the education department’s of plays and musicals and sponsors a theatre description of courses on page 95. club that actively participates in visits to some of the professional theatre companies in the area. Because the study of dramatic art requires Core curriculum — required a grounding in the study of production methods, of all theatre and drama majors past and present, and must be intimately con nected to and supported by the study of theatre 1. Thdr 231: Introduction to Design for the Theatre history and dramatic literature of various periods, 2. Thdr 212: Theatre Traditions I: Greeks through the department has developed a core curriculum the 18th Century of introductory courses in those areas required 3. Thdr 224: Theatre Traditions II: Romanticism of all majors. Because we recognize that our through the Present students hope to achieve a specialization within 4. Thdr 327: Playscript Analysis their general study of dramatic art, we also 5. Thdr 187: Introduction to Acting have created three areas of concentration — 6. Six terms of participation in either performance; design and technical theatre; and Thdr 355: Theatre Production Laboratory or dramatic theory, history, and literature — that Thdr 357: Musical Theatre Production Laboratory allow each student to pursue a specific interest within the major. Normally, students complete most of their Focus areas (Choose one) studies in the core curriculum by the end of the sophomore year. At that time, students Performance select an appropriate advisor in their area of 1. Thdr 447: Advanced Acting concentration and begin to work toward a 2. Thdr 527: Introduction to Play Directing finalizing senior project in that area. The senior 3. Two additional course credits from among z and is designed to exhibit the student’s the following:

223 THEATRE AND DRAMA

Thdr 479: Styles of Acting Required for the theatre and Thdr 627: Advanced Play Directing drama minor Thrdr 475: Musical Theatre Scenes: 1. Thdr 111: Introduction to the Theatre Duets and Ballads 2. Thdr 113: Stagecraft Thdr 227: Voice and Diction 3. Thdr 327: Playscript Analysis Thdr 415: The Director in Modern and Post- 4. Thdr 212 or 224: Theatre Traditions Modern Theatre 5. Thdr 187: Introduction to Acting Thdr 161: Stage Make-Up 6. Thdr 477: Advanced Acting or Thdr 231: Thdr 143, 145, 147, 149: Movement for the Introduction to Design for Theatre Theatre 7. Thdr 355 or 357: Theatre Production Murp 203: Voice Laboratory (3 terms of participation) 4. Thdr 681: Senior Project 8. C average in the minor 5. Students with a performance focus should take additional classes in the areas of dramatic literature, history, and art history. Courses

Design and Technical Theatre THDR 111 1. Thdr 135: Stagecraft Introduction to the Theatre 2. one course in an area of theatre design: A survey of the traditions of dramatic form Thdr 551: Costume Design and the contributing arts of the theatre presented Thdr 553: Stage Lighting in historical context. Students read representative Thdr 555: Set Design playscripts, attend performances, and participate 3. one course in an area of theatre technology: in mounting a production. 6 units. Thdr 557: Sound for the Stage Thdr 573: Computing in Stage Design and THDR 135 Production Stagecraft 4. Thdr 679: Advanced Design Studio An introduction to the technical aspects of 5. Thdr 681: Senior Project theatre production. Laboratory experience 6. Students with a design focus are encouraged in scenic construction and rigging, painting, lighting, sound, backstage organization, and to take additional courses in studio art and management. 6 units. the history of art. Enrollment limit: 25 Dramatic Theory, History, and Literature 1. Thdr 611: Dramatic Theory and Criticism MOVEMENT FOR THE THEATRE 2. one additional course in theatre history Movement for the Theatre introduces students to 3. Two additional course credits in dramatic the basic movement and gestural vocabulary of literature taken in the Department of the dance discipline and promotes a fundamental Theatre and Drama, the English department, understanding of how dance and movement serve as one of the contributing arts to the or a foreign language department theatre. In each section, emphasis will be placed 4. Thdr 681: Senior Project on basic technique, historical context, and 5. Students anticipating graduate studies in this their relationship to common theatre, musical, area are encouraged to continue their foreign and opera production practices. Recommended language studies to the level of advanced for students who wish to participate in theatre, proficiency. opera, and musical productions. offered S/U only. only 6 full units can count toward the theatre and drama major.

224 THEATRE AND DRAMA

THDR 143 THDR 224 Fundamentals of Movement Theatre Traditions II: Romanticism 3 units Through the Present A survey of theatre and drama in its cultural THDR 145 context from Romanticism through the present Ballet day. Extensive readings from the dramatic liter 3 units ature of each period illustrate the ideas, aesthetic values, and staging innovations that led to the THDR 147 theatre of the 21st century. 6 units. Modern Dance Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent 3 units of instructor

THDR 149 THDR 227 Social Dance Voice and Diction 3 units The spoken word is the most fundamental means of human communication. This course THDR 161 will introduce students to a practical approach Stage Make-Up to speech and voice dynamics in the tradition A handson course offering experience in the of Arthur Lessac. 3 units. proper design and application of stage makeup for students interested in theatre or music THDR 231 theatre performance. 3 units. Introduction to Design for the Theatre Enrollment limit: 16 A survey covering all aspects of visual design for the theatre. Emphasis on the necessary THDR 187 techniques of drafting, painting, and model Introduction to Acting making, with attention to aesthetic and practical We present a demystified, participatory problems of theatre design. 6 units. approach to the craft of acting. Using the methods of Viola Spolin, students master the THDR 260 fundamental concepts of Stanislavsky and The Art of Film explore acting tools in the traditions of A study of the narrative and visual techniques grotowski and Meisner. 6 units. in films selected from masterpieces of modern cinema. Readings in film history, film theory, Enrollment limit: 16 and film aesthetics along with viewings of approximately ten movies from various periods THDR 212 and countries, by directors such as Eisenstein, Theatre Traditions I: Greeks Through the Wells, Fellini, Kurasawa, and Truffaut. 6 units. 18th Century Prerequisite: Sophomore standing A survey of theatre and drama in its cultural context from its greek origins through the THDR 274 18th century. Extensive readings from the Roman Comedy dramatic literature of each period supplement Close reading of two plays by Plautus and/or the study of the physical theatre and produc Terence, selected from the following: tion practices. 6 units. Amphitryo, Casina, Menaechmi, Rudens, Andria, Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent Eunuch, Phormio, and Adelphoe. 6 units. of instructor Also listed as Classics 400 Prerequisite: Classics 110 (or its equivalent) or three or four years of high school Latin

225 THEATRE AND DRAMA

THDR 276 THDR 350 Greek Tragedy German Literature as Film A study of selected dramas such as Aeschylus’ A comparative study of 19th and 20th century Prometheus Bound, the Oedipus Tyrannus and german literature (drama, stories, poems) with Antigone of Sophocles, and Euripides’ Bacchae their cinematic treatments. Emphasis on the and Medea. 6 units. interconnections between dramatic and narra Also listed as Classics 465 tive modes of cinematic representation, as well as on the exploration of literature and film as THDR 281 different media. 6 units. Women Filmmakers in the German- Also listed as german 351 Speaking Countries A study of major filmmakers in thegerman THDR 355 speaking countries since the late 1960s (Sander, Theatre Production Laboratory von Trotta, Dörrie, Export, Schönemann, and Practicum in theatre production. May be taken others). Focus on images of women, gender, for one or more terms; six terms required of and social relations in different cinematic theatre and drama majors, three terms required genres (biography, comedy, documentary, experi of minors. May be taken by any student involved mental film) and within critical representations in theatre production. 1 unit per term. of historical events. 6 units. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor Also listed as german 352 and gender Studies 255 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent THDR 357 of instructor Musical Theatre Production Laboratory Practicum in musical theatre. May be taken THDR 327 for one or more terms; can be used in partial Playscript Analysis fulfillment of the six terms of Theatre and The playscript is a blueprint for a construction Drama 355 required of all theatre and drama that uses the media of space, time, color, majors or the three terms of Theatre and speech, and action to reflect from the stage Drama 355 required of all theatre and drama images of what it means to be human. This minors. 1 unit per term. course will explore both technical and creative Prerequisite: Consent of instructor ways to decipher the play text. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 16 THDR 415 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing The Director in Modern and Post-Modern Theatre Recommended to be taken before Theatre and The function of the director in the creation of Drama 527: Introduction to Play Directing theatre art is a recent historical phenomenon. While theatre has been an integral part of our THDR 345 culture since the ancient greeks, the role of Stage Management the director as we know it today is only about A study of various aspects of stage manage 150 years old. our examination of 20th ment including rehearsal procedures, schedul century directors will focus on how various ing, organizing scene shifts, maintaining a schools and styles of production often came production, running a show, and managing a directly from the work of individual directors. cast. Practical experience acquired in assisting 6 units. with current productions. 6 units. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor

226 THEATRE AND DRAMA

THDR 423 Course examines the contributions of tradi History of American Dramatic Literature tional dramatic forms to its emergence and A study of American theatre and drama in its present vitality. Selected plays of Aimé Césaire, cultural context from its colonial beginnings to Mamadou Seyni Mbegue, Werewere Liking, the present. Extensive readings of the works of Jean Pliya, Bernard Dadié, Sony Labou Tansi, principal playwrights. 6 units. guillaume oyonoMbia, Zadou Zaorou, and Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent others are read to analyze their literary, of instructor thematic, and theatrical dimensions. 6 units. Also listed as French 538 THDR 432 Shakespeare THDR 440 A study of 1214 representative plays, arranged Modern Drama generically (history, comedy, tragedy, and Studies in some of the major playwrights in romance). Significant attention will be paid Europe, England, and America from the time to matters of staging (requiring outofclass of Ibsen to the present. 6 units. attendance at roughly eight video screenings) Also listed as English 490 and to issues of textual criticism. 6 units. Prerequisite: Junior standing, an intermediate Also listed as English 425 course in English, or consent of instructor Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 230, or consent of instructor THDR 447 Advanced Acting THDR 434 Continued, indepth study of the elements Restoration and 18th-Century Comedy covered in Theatre and Drama 187 with added A study of English comedies as reflections monologue, scenic work, and an introduction of changing taste and thought in the period to acting Shakespeare. 6 units. 16601800. Authors include Wycherley, Enrollment limit: 10 Etherege, Congreve, Farquhar, Steele, Fielding, Prerequisite: Theatre and Drama 187 or goldsmith, and Sheridan. 6 units. consent of instructor Also listed as English 445 Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 230, or THDR 451 consent of instructor Seminar in Playwriting A study of the theory and craft of writing for THDR 436 the theatre. Emphasis on the creation and anal Renaissance Drama ysis of original scripts. 6 units. An examination of 1012 plays from the late Prerequisite: Consent of instructor Tudor and early Stuart periods. 6 units. Also listed as English 435 THDR 475 Prerequisite: Junior standing, English 230, or Musical Theatre Scenes: consent of instructor Duets and Ballads We will study and stage ballads and duets from THDR 438 the repertory of the musical theatre, paying Le Théâtre Négro-Africain special attention to the challenges presented A study of modern African drama in French by the transition from the spoken scene to from its early beginnings to the present. song. The course will culminate in a public presentation of our work in class. 3 units.

227 THEATRE AND DRAMA

THDR 479 THDR 555 Styles of Acting Set Design Study of the acting of a particular period or A study of the role of the set designer in a style, based on the techniques acquired in theatrical production from the conceptual Theatre and Drama 187. 6 units. through the production phase. Emphasis on Enrollment limit: 10 values of concept, inventive scenic solutions, and creative research as applied to a number of Prerequisite: Theatre and Drama 187 or different dramatic styles. Laboratory experi consent of instructor ence in the scenic studio required as part of course. 6 units. THDR 527 Introduction to Play Directing Prerequisite: Theatre and Drama 231 or Examination of and practice in fundamental consent of instructor directing methods and techniques. In this course we focus on the directing tradition THDR 557 of Alexander Dean. 6 units. Sound for the Stage An examination of the aesthetic and practical Prerequisite: Theatre and Drama 187 or applications of sound creation and reinforce consent of instructor ment as involved in all contemporary theatre performance. Laboratory experience on a THDR 541 sound crew is a required part of the course. Seminar in Technical Theatre 6 units. A seminar focusing on specialized technical areas of the theatre. Content varies to fit the Prerequisite: Theatre and Drama 135 or 231 or availability of the technical staff. May be consent of instructor repeated as content changes. 6 units. THDR 573 Prerequisites: Theatre and Drama 135, 231 or Computing in Stage Design and consent of instructor Production A study of the range of areas wherein computing THDR 551 supports the efforts of the contemporary Costume Design designer, including CAD (ComputerAided The theory and practice of costume design for Design), modeling, rendering, and animation the stage, focusing on period style and presen applications. The course involves handson tation technique. Laboratory experience in the laboratory work in computing. 6 units. costume shop required as part of course. 6 units. Prerequisite: Theatre and Drama 135 or 231 or consent of instructor. Prerequisite: Theatre and Drama 231 or consent of instructor THDR 611 Dramatic Theory and Criticism THDR 553 A study of dramatic theory and criticism from Stage Lighting Aristotle to the present. Students, as theatre A study of basic lighting theory, design, and artists, research and apply concepts explored technique that enables students to assume in class to playscripts. 6 units. responsibility, with knowledge and precision, for designing and executing lighting plots. Prerequisite: Junior standing Laboratory experience on lighting crews required as part of course. 6 units. Prerequisite: Theatre and Drama 231 or consent of instructor

228 THEATRE AND DRAMA

THDR 627 THDR 190, 390, 590, 690 Advanced Play Directing Tutorial Studies in Theatre and Drama Practical application of the principles learned Advanced work, arranged and carried out in in Theatre and Drama 527. Students explore consultation with an instructor. one or more how Dean and Carra’s Five Fundamentals of terms may be selected. Variable credit. play directing are used to clearly express dra matic type and theatrical style. Extensive scene THDR 199, 399, 599, 699 work, presentations, and final project for public Independent Study in Theatre and Drama performance. 6 units. Advanced work in directing, design, perfor Enrollment limit: 8 mance, or criticism, arranged in consultation with department. one or more terms may be Prerequisites: Theatre and Drama 527 or selected. Variable credit. consent of instructor THDR 651 Recent tutorial topics in Seminar in Theatre and Drama A seminar, without fixed agenda, for advanced theatre and drama students and staff to share problems relevant to the current and future state of theatre and AfricanAmerican Dramatists drama. 6 units. Storytelling Writing for Film and Television Prerequisite: Consent of instructor Advanced Set, Lighting, or Costume Design Stage Management THDR 679 Technical Direction Advanced Design Studio History of American Musical Theatre Further exploration of design and design Bertolt Brecht and Chinese Theatre techniques, including rendering and drafting, Acting Monologues of Pinter, Mamet, focusing on portfolio preparation, taking into and Beckett consideration the specific interests and needs of each student participating. 6 units. Prerequisite: Theatre and Drama 231 or consent of instructor

229 University Courses

UNIC 101 will be available to students as part of the course. Beginning Italian I By completing this course, students will fulfill Students enrolled in this course will learn the the foreign language requirement. 6 units. basic skills of speaking and communicating, Enrollment limit: 20 reading, and writing in the Italian language. Prerequisites: UNIC 102 or consent Italian culture will be emphasized throughout of instructor the term. Audiovisual materials and computer assisted programs will be available to students UNIC 210 as part of the course. 6 units. Prize Fiction Enrollment limit: 20 A comparative study of recent winners of the American Pulitzer and British Booker Prizes UNIC 102 in fiction. Authors read may include Smiley, Beginning Italian II ondaatje, Shaara, Trevor, Lively, Coetzee, and Students enrolled in this course will continue Proulx. 6 units. learning the skills of speaking and communi Lecture and discussion cating, reading, and writing in the Italian language. Italian culture will be emphasized. UNIC 220 Compositions will aid students in further The Ethical Lyricists developing their skills in the Italian language. A study of contemporary life as represented Audiovisual materials and computerassisted in lyric poetry. Readings will include lyrics programs will be available to students as part by Zbigniew Herbert, Philip Larkin, Adrienne of the course. 6 units. Rich, and others. 6 credits. Enrollment limit: 20 Lecture and discussion Prerequisite: UNIC 101, or consent of instructor UNIC 240 Modern Literature of Central Europe UNIC 130 in Translation Public-Speaking Practicum Ethnic variations on the themes of love, death, Emphasizes theory, skills, and practice of and bureaucracy in the ruins of the Hapsburg presentational speaking relative to a variety Empire, including the bitter fate of small of forms of communication (particularly nations. Authors will include Roth, Andríc, information and persuasion speaking) involving Konrád, Borowski, Herbert, Kafka, Kundera, body, voice, and language. 6 units. Wolf. 6 units. Enrollment limit: 40 Enrollment limit: 20

UNIC 201 UNIC 250 Intermediate Transitional Italian Self Interest and Social Behavior I Review of the basic skills of speaking and An introduction to models of individuals communicating, reading, and writing in the furthering their own self interest and to appli Italian language. Additional selected texts and cations of these models over all areas of social compositions will reinforce previously learned behavior, whether the concern is competition material. Italian culture will be emphasized. versus cooperation or the use of money, sex, Audiovisual and computerassisted programs violence, or power. These models from deci

230 UNIVERSITy CoURSES sion theory and game theory are applied to UNIC 400 rational choice or evolution within the fields Internship: Educational Grant-Writing of cognitive science, economics, psychology, Interns will assist in researching and writing biology, political science, philosophy, and educational grant proposals to federal, state, or anthropology. This course focuses on applica private funding sources. Interns are supervised tions of models from decision theory and by the Cooperative Educational Service Agency traditional game theory. 6 units. (CESA) grantwriting coordinator and a Prerequisites: Mathematics 120 or 140 and university faculty member, who will work one course from either economics, psychology, with students in strengthening their research biology, government, anthropology, or philoso and writing skills. The agency seeks grants for phy, or consent of lead instructor. a wide range of educational purposes, including bilingual education, technology/curriculum UNIC 251 integration, special education, and innovative Self Interest and Social Behavior II science programming. 2 to 3 units per term, A continuation of UNIC 250. This course depending on time commitment, for a maxi continues with applications from traditional mum of 6 units. game theory and then focuses on applications Prerequisites: Junior or senior standing, strong of models from evolutionary game theory. creative and technical writing skills. Students 6 units. must be nominated by a faculty member Prerequisite: UNIC 250 and interviewed by the CESA grantwriting coordinator. UNIC 300 Offered on an S/U basis Internship: Journalism and the Liberal Arts Intensive study, under the direction of a faculty member, of topics related to a student’s work on The Lawrentian and, in special cases, other local publications. The subject matter of a student’s submissions to the paper will be explored through readings and discussion. Expectations include regular submissions to The Lawrentian, outside reading, and a final project or paper. 3 units per term for a maxi mum of 6 units. May not be taken more than twice Prerequisite: Consent of instructor

231 Conservatory of Music

232 ducation in music is most sovereign, because more “Ethan anything else rhythm and harmony find their way to the inmost soul and take strongest hold upon it, bringing with them and imparting grace, if one is rightly trained.”

Plato, The Republic

233 Conservatory of Music

Professors: Anthony (chair, string dept.), of the rich opportunities for music study and K. Bozeman (chair, voice dept.), de Lerma, appreciation in the conservatory. The conser- Jordheim, Levy, Murray (dean of the vatory is an accredited institutional member of conservatory), Niblock (advisor to Bachelor the National Association of Schools of Music. of Arts in music), Sturm (chair, jazz and Three separate courses of study lead to a improvisational music dept.), Taniguchi degree in music: the Bachelor of Music degree (emerita), Whitman with majors in performance, music education, Associate professors: Biringer4, Bjella, Daniel, or theory/composition; the five-year program DeCorsey, Fan3 (chair, winds and percussion that combines the Bachelor of Music degree dept.), Keelan, Kim, Michaels, Michelic, with a Bachelor of Arts degree in a major Padilla (chair, keyboard dept.), Reischl, other than music; and the Bachelor of Arts Richeson, Stannard (associate dean of the degree with a major in music (please refer to conservatory) page 23 for Bachelor of Arts degree requirements Assistant professors: Clifton, Katz (chair, music and to page 179 for the major and minor in history dept.), Koestner, Leigh-Post, music). All degrees in music offer the possibility Metcalf, A. Miller, B. Miller (chair, music of a student-designed major (see page 270). education), Serbo, Tran Ngoc Students interested in a student-designed major Visiting assistant professors: Novgorodsky, Swan should consult the associate dean of the Instructor: Thurmaier conservatory. Lecturers: Benson, Boeckman, J. Bozeman, Buchman, Butts, Callaghan, Carpenter, Chau, Chung, Di Bella, Encarnacion, General information Erickson, Gallagher, Gibson, Harmon, Hoogerhyde, Su. Jordheim, Kreger, S. All students are expected to be familiar with McCardell, Su. McCardell, L. Michelic, S. the policies and procedures set forth in depart- Padilla, Perkins, Salerno, Schang, Snyder, mental handbooks and guidelines and the Sullivan, Turner, Van de Loo, Walby, Conservatory Student Handbook (http://www. Wolfman lawrence.edu/conservatory/handbook/), all Artist-in-residence: Duesing of which contain important information about University organist and artist-in-residence: recitals and departmental examinations and Rübsam other rules governing student academic life within the conservatory. It should be noted Music has been a prominent feature of life that, although students may elect courses in at Lawrence University since its founding in addition to the minimum requirements, they 1847; the first Bachelor of Music degree was are not permitted to complete requirements conferred in 1892. Today, the conservatory for two music majors in a normal four-year curriculum affords students a unique blend of period. Students who wish to pursue two professional education in music and a liberal music majors must petition the Conservatory education, a combination that has produced Committee on Administration. outstanding composers, performers, scholars, Studio assignments and course placement and educators. Conservatory students are active will be determined upon matriculation. in the academic and extracurricular life of the Students are expected to meet with their faculty college, and college students avail themselves advisors on a regular basis to discuss progress and course selections. Regular consultation 1on leave Term I; 2on leave Term II; 3on leave Term III; with faculty advisors is essential for students 4on leave Terms I, II, III

234 CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC who wish to attend an off-campus program guidelines and the Conservatory Student Handbook or are planning to complete both the Bachelor (http://www.lawrence.edu/conservatory/handbook). of Music and Bachelor of Arts degrees. Students must consult their studio teachers Admission to the degree in regard to all public performances, including An entrance audition is required of all applicants appearances not scheduled by Lawrence for admission to the Bachelor of Music degree. University. Conservatory rehearsals and Bachelor of Arts students who wish to become performances take precedence in the case Bachelor of Music students must petition the of a conflict with external activities. Students Conservatory Committee on Administration may not teach on campus unless employed for admission. Bachelor of Music students by the Lawrence Academy of Music. who wish to become Bachelor of Arts students must petition the University Committee on Residence requirements Administration for acceptance into the Bachelor of Arts degree program. Such changes are not To qualify for a Lawrence University B.A. or normally allowed before the end of the freshman B.Mus. degree, students are required to have a year nor later than the beginning of the junior minimum of six terms in residence and earn year. 108 units (Lawrence foreign study programs, Bachelor of Music students must complete ACM programs, and other special arrange- the appropriate qualifying examination(s), nor- ments under Lawrence sponsorship included). mally by the end of the sophomore year, to be Nine terms in residence and 162 units are admitted to a major (please see descriptions of required for the five-year B.A. and B.Mus. individual majors, page 237, et seq.). double-degree program. Students must be in residence on the Appleton campus until they have completed Degree requirements the Freshman Studies requirement. 1. Completion of a minimum of 216 units. The last three terms of work and a mini- The following music courses are used in mum of 54 units submitted for the graduation the computation of the degree grade-point requirements must be done in residence unless average but are excluded from the total of a department (or departments, or advisory 216 units required for the degree: MURP committee, where appropriate) previously has 201, 202, 203, 301, 302 and MUTH 161, certified completion of the requirements for a 162, 171, 172. major. This requirement, or one of its parts, may 2. of the 216 units required to complete the be waived by the admissions office in the case of degree, a student must present: incoming transfer students or by the Faculty a. a minimum of 144 units in music Subcommittee on Administration in any other cases. b. a minimum of 60 units in courses other than music. c. no more than 12 units from academic Bachelor of Music degree internships The additional 12 units may be selected The Bachelor of Music is a professional degree. from any department. Courses in music represent approximately 3. In the freshman year, 12 units of Freshman two- thirds of the curriculum, while one-third Studies. is devoted to Freshman Studies and General 4. Completion of the General Education Education Requirements. Requirements In addition to academic policies and a. Distribution regulations detailed in this catalog, students i. 12 units selected from departments in the conservatory are subject to policies and and courses listed within the Division procedures detailed in conservatory department of Humanities;

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ii. 6 units selected from departments and 201, 211, 221 courses listed within the Division of ii. MUTH 152, 162, 172 or MUTH Social Sciences; 202, 212, 222 iii. 6 units selected from departments and iii. MUTH 251, 261, and 271 courses listed within the Division of iv. MUTH 252, 262, and 272 Natural Sciences. v. MUTH 301, 311, and 321 b. Diversity b. Music history i. 6 units selected from courses designated i. MUHI 201 and 202 as emphasizing global and comparative ii. 6 units selected from courses in music perspectives on the world or focusing history numbered 300 or above on areas outside Europe and the iii. 6 units selected from courses in music United States or focusing on dimen- history numbered 400 or above sions of diversity, such as race, ethnicity, c. Keyboard skills: MURP 201, 202, 203 and gender, that are of particular or MURP 301, 302 importance in understanding contem- d. Applied music individual instruction as porary society in the United States. specified under requirements for the c. Competency major and areas of emphasis i. 6 units selected from courses designated e. Ensemble study: a minimum of 12 units. as writing intensive. Students are required to participate in an ii. 12 units selected from courses numbered ensemble every term in which they are below 200 in a foreign language or attending classes on the Appleton cam- the equivalent as determined by place- pus. Requirements for specific types of ment based on an Advanced Place- ensemble study (MUEN) are specified ment examination or a proficiency under requirements for majors and areas examination administered by a of emphasis. Lawrence University foreign language 6. Completion of a major in music — perfor- department. mance, music education, theory/composi- Please note: While some music courses may tion, or student-designed — including all satisfy General Education Requirements, a course and non-course requirements, such minimum of 60 units in courses other than as recitals, qualifying examinations, etc. A music is required for the degree. student is expected to pass a qualifying examination for admission to the major Stipulations pertaining to the General after no more than six terms of study. Education Requirements 7. An academic record that meets the follow- A single course may be used to satisfy ing average standards: requirements in all three categories a. A 2.000 grade-point average in all (Distribution, Diversity, and Lawrence courses. Competency). A single course may be b. A 2.000 grade-point average in the used to satisfy only one requirement music major (all music courses and non- in the Competency category. Credits music courses required for the major) granted persuant to university policy unless otherwise specified under the for advanced placement or for transfer major requirements. work may be used to fulfill General 8. Completion of required terms and units Education Requirements. in residence as specified by the university 5. Completion of music core requirements: residence requirements (see page 235). a. Music theory i. MUTH 151, 161, 171 or MUTH The major in performance

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units in courses numbered 400 or above. Admission to the major 4. Music theory/history/composition/arrang- Admission to the performance major requires ing: 6 units from courses numbered 300 or successful completion of the appropriate above beyond degree requirements qualifying examination. Students who have not 5. Ensemble: 12 units passed the qualifying examination by the com- a. 3 units in major ensemble, pletion of 6 terms of applied music individual b. 3 units in chamber music other than jazz instruction must petition the Conservatory combos, and Committee on Administration, supported by c. 6 units in major ensemble, chamber departmental recommendation, for a deferral. music, or supervised accompanying

Piano Harpsichord 1. Piano performance: 54 units 1. Harpsichord performance: 54 units a. A minimum of 54 units in MUIN 361, 561 a. A minimum of 54 units in MUIN 379, 579 b. Presentation of a half recital during b. Presentation of a half recital during junior year and a full recital during junior year and a full recital during senior year senior year 2. Supporting courses for the major: 18 units 2. Supporting courses for the major: 7 units a. MURP 451, 452: Literature of the Piano I, a. MURP 410: Harpsichord Accompaniment II (12 units) (1 unit) b. MUEP 301, 302: Piano Pedagogy I, II b. Keyboard skills: MURP 301, 302: (6 units) Functional Skills for Keyboard Majors I, II 3. Keyboard skills: MURP 301, 302: Functional c. MUEP 380: Conducting Principles (6 units) Skills for Keyboard Majors I, II 3. Music history: fulfillment of the degree 4. Music history: fulfillment of the degree requirement of 24 units must include 12 requirement of 24 units must include 12 units in courses numbered 400 or above. units in courses numbered 400 or above. 4. Music theory/history/composition/arrang- 5. Ensemble: 12 units ing: 6 units from courses numbered 300 or a. 3 units in major ensemble, above beyond degree requirements b. 3 units in chamber music other than jazz 5. Ensemble: 12 units combos, and a. 3 units in major ensemble, c. 6 units in MUEN 250: Supervised b. 3 units in chamber music other than jazz Accompanying combos, and c. 6 units in major ensemble, chamber Organ music, or supervised accompanying 6. General Education: French or German 1. organ performance: 54 units must be taken to fulfill the foreign a. A minimum of 54 units in MUIN 362, 562 language competency requirement. b. Presentation of a half recital during junior year and a full recital during Voice senior year 2. Supporting courses for the major: 9 units 1. Voice performance: 54 units a. MURP 440: Survey of Organ Literature, a. A minimum of 54 units in MUIN 363, 563 Design, and Performance Practice (3 units) b. Presentation of a half recital during b. Keyboard skills: MURP 301, 302: junior year and a full recital during Functional Skills for Keyboard Majors senior year c. MUEP 380: Conducting Principles (6 units) 2. Supporting courses for the major: 13 units 3. Music history: fulfillment of the degree a. MURP 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276: requirement of 24 units must include 12

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vocal diction and technique series senior year b. MURP 455: Vocal Literature (3 units) 2. Supporting courses for the major: 9 units c. MUEP 371, 372: Vocal Pedagogy (4 units) a. MURP 311, 312, 313: Fretboard Harmony d. MUEP 380: Conducting Principles (6 units) for the Classical Guitarist I, II, III (3 units) 3. Music history: fulfillment of the degree b. MUEP 380: Conducting Principles (6 units) requirement of 24 units must include 12 3. Music history: fulfillment of the degree units in courses numbered 400 or above. requirement of 24 units must include 12 4. Music theory/history/composition/arrang- units in courses numbered 400 or above. ing: 6 units from courses numbered 300 or 4. Music theory/history/composition/arrang- above beyond degree requirements ing: 6 units from courses numbered 300 or 5. Ensemble: 12 units above beyond degree requirements a. 6 units in concert choir and 5. Ensemble: 12 units b. 6 units in music theatre a. 3 units in major ensemble, 6. General Education: completion of the b. 3 units in chamber music, and degree requirements must include 12 units c. 6 units in major ensemble or chamber each of two of the following (or placement music at the intermediate level): French, German, 6. General Education: It is strongly suggested or Italian, taken for a grade that Spanish be taken to satisfy the foreign language competency requirement. Strings: violin, viola, violoncello, doublebass Winds: flute, oboe, clarinet, 1. String performance: 60 units saxophone, bassoon, horn, trumpet, a. A minimum of 60 units in MUIN 364, trombone, euphonium, tuba 365, 366, or 367; 564, 565, 566, or 567 1. Wind performance: 60 units b. Presentation of a half recital during a. A minimum of 60 units in MUIN 369, junior year and a full recital during 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, or senior year 378; 569, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 2. Supporting courses for the major: 12 units 576, 577, or 578 a. Chamber music: 6 units, 3 units of which b. Presentation of a half recital during must be completed after the student has junior year and a full recital during passed the qualifying examination for the senior year major 2. Supporting courses for the major: 9 units b. MUEP 380: Conducting Principles (6 units) a. Chamber music: 3 units 3. Music history: fulfillment of the degree b. MUEP 380: Conducting Principles (6 units) requirement of 24 units must include 12 3. Music history: fulfillment of the degree units in courses numbered 400 or above. requirement of 24 units must include 12 4. Music theory/history/composition/arrang- units in courses numbered 400 or above. ing: 6 units from courses numbered 300 or 4. Music theory/history/composition/arrang- above beyond degree requirements ing: 6 units from courses numbered 300 or 3. Ensemble: 12 units above beyond degree requirements a. 12 units in symphony orchestra 5. Ensemble: 12 units a. 6 units in wind ensemble, 3 units of Classical guitar which must be taken after the student 1. Guitar performance: 60 units has passed the qualifying examination for a. A minimum of 60 units in MUIN 368, the major, and 568 b. 6 units in a major instrumental ensemble b. Presentation of a half recital during Percussion junior year and a full recital during 1. Percussion performance: 54 units

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a. A minimum of 54 units in MUIN 380, 580 recitals b. Presentation of a half recital during 4. General Education: completion of the junior year and a full recital during degree requirements must include 12 units senior year each of two of the following (or placement 2. Supporting courses for the major: 10 units at the intermediate level): French, German, a. Percussion ensemble: 4 units (one term or Italian, taken for a grade each year for four years) b. MUEP 380: Conducting Principles (6 units) Emphasis in piano pedagogy 3. Music history: fulfillment of the degree In addition to all requirements for the major requirement of 24 units must include 12 in piano performance, the following are units in courses numbered 400 or above. required: 4. Music theory/history/composition/arrang- 1. Supporting courses for the emphasis: ing: 6 units from courses numbered 300 or 15 units above beyond degree requirements a. MUEP 303: Piano Pedagogy III (3 units) 5. Ensemble: 12 units b. Two of MUEP 502: Early Advanced Piano a. 12 units in a major instrumental ensemble, Pedagogy, MUEP 503: Group Piano including Pedagogy, MUEP 505: Internship in Piano i. 3 units in wind ensemble, and Pedagogy (6 units) ii. 3 units in symphony orchestra c. MUEP 581, 582: Student Teaching in (A minimum of 3 units in wind Piano I, II (6 units) ensemble or symphony orchestra 2. General Education: completion of the must be completed after the student requirement must include: has passed the qualifying examination a. PSyC 260 or PSyC 340 for the major.) Emphasis in jazz studies Emphasis options for Admission to the Bachelor of Music in piano, performance majors string, wind, or percussion performance with an emphasis in jazz studies may be granted to Emphasis in accompanying a limited number of students at the end of the sophomore year, upon successful completion In addition to all requirements for the major of qualifying examinations and with the in piano performance, the following are approval of a candidate selection committee. required: For detailed information on admission and 1. Supporting courses for the emphasis: scheduling of requirements, students are referred 6 units to the chair of the jazz and improvisational a. MURP 420: Piano Accompaniment: Vocal music department. Specific courses required (3 units) for the emphasis are as follows: b. MURP 425: Piano Accompaniment: 1. Performance: 72 units Instrumental (3 units) a. 54 units of applied individual instruction c. MURP 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276: (MUIN) in piano, strings, winds, or percus- Vocal diction and techniques series sion, numbered 361-380 or 561-580 2. Ensemble: completion of the requirement b. 18 units of MUIN 560 (6 terms taken at must include one term accompanying a 3 units per term) choral ensemble 2. Supporting courses for the emphasis: 18 units 3. Recitals: in addition to required solo a. MUCA 220: Jazz Improvisation (3 units) degree recitals, the following: b. MUCA 331, 332: Jazz Composition and a. accompany 1 full or 2 half vocal recitals Arranging (6 units) b. accompany 1 full or 2 half instrumental c. MUHI 380: Jazz History for the Music

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Major (3 units) freshman year and completed by the end of d. MUEP 305: Jazz Pedagogy (1 unit) the sophomore year. e. 3 terms jazz chamber ensembles (3 units) f . 2 terms chamber music, non-jazz (2 units) Common requirements for the 3. Music history: fulfillment of the degree major in music education requirement of 24 units must include 12 units In addition to degree requirements (see in courses numbered 400 or above page 235 ) and those of specific areas below, 4. Ensemble: 12-15 units the following are required of all music educa- a. 9 terms of MUEN 295: Jazz Ensemble, or tion majors: MUEN 293: Jazz Band, with a 1. Education: 24 units minimum of 6 terms in Jazz Ensemble a. EDUC 180: Psychology of Learning (6 units) (9 units) b. EDUC 330: School and Society (6 units) b. Major ensemble, specific to major instru- c. EDUC 350: Multicultural Education ment, as follows (3 terms required par- (6 units) ticipation after admission to the emphasis d. EDUC 423: The Exceptional Child in jazz studies): Winds/Percussion: 6 terms (3 units) wind ensemble/symphonic band Strings: e. EDUC 550: Reading in School Content 6 terms symphony orchestra Piano, Areas (3 units) (To be taken during the Guitar: 3 terms symphony orchestra, wind student-teaching term.) ensemble, symphonic band, concert 2. Music education: MUEP 380: Conducting choir, women’s choir, or chorale Principles (6 units) 3. Student teaching: MUEP 680 (18 units) The major in music education No other courses, except EDUC 550, may be taken during the student-teaching semester(s); a maximum of 3 units of applied The Bachelor of Music degree with a major instrumental instruction may be taken, subject in music education (general, choral/general, to prior approval of a petition to the music instrumental, instrumental/general, and choral/ education department. Students in the cho- general/instrumental) is subject to revision ral/general/instrumental emphasis must com- based on requirements set by the State of plete two semesters (36 units) of student Wisconsin at the time of publication of the teaching. 2002-03 course catalog. The State of Wisconsin 4. Performance: 33 units requires a 2.75 GPA in music courses and a a. Minimum of 33 units in applied individual 2.5 degree GPA for certification in music. instruction, required every term in which Students should be aware that certification the student is in residence on the requirements are subject to revision. It is the Appleton campus. student’s responsibility to confirm requirements b. Presentation of a half recital during the with the chair of the music education department. junior or senior year Admission to the major 5. Non-music courses Completion of the requirement of 60 units Admission to any music education major must include the following: requires successful completion of the music a. 6 units of biological science or ANTH education qualifying examination, formal 140 and 6 units of physical science; or application to the major with supporting 6 units of BIoL 100, 110 or GEoL 150 documents, a music education interview, b. 6 units in mathematics successful completion of the Pre-Professional 6. Participation in a major ensemble is Skills Test, and a minimum grade-point average required every term in residence on the of 2.5. This process is normally begun in the Appleton campus, as specified in major

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requirements. (See page 248 for list of in addition to the minimum of 216 required for major ensembles). the degree, for a total of 235 units overall. This 7. Completion of major requirements for is roughly the equivalent of one term of addi- one of the five areas as outlined below. tional study beyond four years. Many students majoring in music education opt to complete General music the student-teaching requirement during a In addition to degree requirements (page 235) 13th term. and common requirements for all music education majors (page 240), the following are Choral/general required for the general music emphasis: In addition to degree requirements (page 235) 1. Music education and pedagogy: 27-29 and common requirements for all music edu- units cation majors (page 240), the following are a. MUEP 371 and 372: Vocal Pedagogy I, II required for the choral/general emphasis: (4 units) or MUEP 231 and 232: Vocal 1. Music education and pedagogy: 33-35 units Proficiency and Pedagogy I, II (2 units) a. MUEP 371 and 372: Vocal Pedagogy I, II (Students whose principal performing (4 units) or MUEP 231 and 232: Vocal area is other than voice must complete Proficiency and Pedagogy I, II (2 units). MUEP 231 and 232.) (Students whose principal performance b. MUEP 240, 350, 370: General Music instrument is other than voice must Methods and Practicum (18 units) complete MUEP 231 and 232.) c. MUEP 402: Choral Techniques (6 units) b. MUEP 240, 350, 370: General Music d. MUEP 307: Instrumental Techniques for the Methods and Practicum (18 units) Choral Major (1 unit) c. MUEP 402: Choral Techniques (6 units) 2. Keyboard skills: MURP 211 and 212: d. MUEP 452: Music Education Pedagogy: Keyboard Skills for Music Educators I, II in Choral/General (6 units) addition to degree requirement in key- e. MUEP 307: Instrumental Techniques for the board skills Choral Major (1 unit) 3. MURP 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276 for 2. Keyboard skills: MURP 211 and 212: students whose primary instrument is voice Keyboard Skills for Music Educators I, II in 4. Ensemble: 12-13 units addition to degree requirement in keyboard Participation in major ensemble is required skills every term in residence on the Appleton 3. Performance: 33 units campus. (See page 248 for list of major a. MURP 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276 ensembles.) for students whose primary instrument The requirement is based on the student’s is voice major instrument, as follows: b. A minimum of 2 terms of MUIN 263 a. Voice and keyboard: for students whose primary instrument i. 3 units in music theatre, and is other than voice and satisfactory ii. 9 units in a major choral ensemble. completion of the secondary instrument b. Winds and percussion: qualifying examination i. 9 units in wind ensemble or symphonic 4. Ensemble: 12 units band, Participation in major ensemble required ii. 2 units in chorale, and every term in residence on the Appleton iii. one additional unit in any ensemble campus. (See page 248 for list of major c. Strings: ensembles.) i. 11 units in symphony orchestra, and a. 3 units in music theatre, and ii. 2 units in chorale. b. 9 units in a major choral ensemble Please note: To earn a B.Mus. degree with this Please note: To earn a B.Mus. degree with this major requires completion of at least 19 units major requires completion of at least 26 units 241 CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC in addition to the minimum of 216 units and common requirements for all music edu- required for the degree, for a total of 242 units cation majors (page 240), the following are overall. This is roughly the equivalent of one required for the instrumental/general emphasis: term of additional study beyond four years. 1. Music education and pedagogy: 51 units Many students majoring in music education a. MUEP 305: Jazz Pedagogy (1 unit) or opt to complete the student-teaching require- MUEP 308: String Pedagogy for Music ment during a 13th term. Educators (1 unit) b. MUEP 231, 232: Vocal Proficiency and Instrumental Pedagogy I, II (2 units) In addition to degree requirements (page 235) c. MUEP 240, 350, 370: General Music and common requirements for all music Methods and Practicum (18 units) education majors (page 240), the following d. MUEP 401: Instrumental Methods (6 units) are required for the instrumental emphasis: e. MUEP 451: Music Education Pedagogy: 1. Music education and pedagogy: 31 units Instrumental (6 units) a. MUEP 305: Jazz Pedagogy (1 unit) or f . MUEP 310: Brass Techniques (3 units) MUEP 308: String Pedagogy for Music g. MUEP 315: Percussion Techniques ( 3 units) Educators (1 unit) h. MUEP 321, 322: Woodwind Techniques b. MUEP 401: Instrumental Methods (6 units) (6 units) i. MUEP 331, 332: String Techniques (6 units) c. MUEP 451: Music Education Pedagogy: Instrumental (6 units) 2. Keyboard skills: d. MUEP 310: Brass Techniques (3 units) a. MURP 211 and 212: Keyboard Skills for e. MUEP 315: Percussion Techniques (3 units) Music Educators I, II in addition to degree f . MUEP 321, 322: Woodwind Techniques I, II requirements in keyboard skills. (6 units) 3. Ensemble: 12-13 units g. MUEP 331, 332: String Techniques I, II Participation in major ensemble required (6 units) every term in residence on the Appleton 2. Ensemble: 12 units campus. (See page 248 for list of major a. Winds and percussion: ensembles.) The requirement is based on i. 9 units in wind ensemble or symphonic the student’s major instrument, as follows: band, and a. Winds and percussion: ii. an additional 3 units in any major i. 9 units in wind ensemble or ensemble symphonic band, b. Strings: ii. 2 units in chorale, and i. 11 units in symphony orchestra, and iii. 1 additional unit in any ensemble ii. 1 additional credit in any major b. Strings ensemble i. 11 units in symphony orchestra, and Please note: To earn a B.Mus. degree with this ii. 2 units in chorale major requires completion of at least 25 units Please note: To earn a B.Mus. degree with this in addition to the minimum of 216 units major requires completion of at least 40 units required for the degree, for a total of 241 units in addition to the minimum of 216 units overall. This is roughly the equivalent of one required for the degree, for a total of 256 units term of additional study beyond four years. overall. This is roughly the equivalent of two Many students majoring in music education terms of additional study beyond four years. opt to complete the student-teaching require- Many students in this major opt to complete ment during a 13th term. the student-teaching requirement during a Instrumental/general 14th term. In addition to degree requirements (page 235) Choral/general/instrumental

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In addition to degree requirements (page 235) instrument or voice and satisfactory and common requirements for all music edu- completion of the secondary instru- cation majors (page 240), the following are ment qualifying examination required for the choral/general/instrumental b. MURP 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276 for emphasis: students whose primary instrument is 1. Music education and pedagogy: 60-62 units voice a. MUEP 371 and 372: Vocal Pedagogy I, II 4. Ensemble: 18 units (4 units) or MUEP 231 and 232: Vocal a. 6 units in major choral ensemble, Proficiency and Pedagogy I, II (2 units) b. 3 units of music theatre, and (Students whose principal performance c. 9 units of wind ensemble, symphonic area is other than voice must complete band, or symphony orchestra. MUEP 231 and 232.) Please note: To earn a B.Mus. degree with this b. MUEP 305: Jazz Pedagogy (1 unit) or major requires completion of at least 57 units MUEP 308: String Pedagogy for Music in addition to the minimum of 216 units Educators (1 unit) required for the degree, for a total of 273 units c. MUEP 240, 350, 370: General Music overall. This is roughly the equivalent of one Methods and Practicum (18 units) year of additional study beyond four years. d. MUEP 401: Instrumental Methods Many students in this major opt to complete (6 units) the student-teaching requirement during a e. MUEP 402: Choral Techniques (6 units) 16th term. f . MUEP 451: Music Education Pedagogy: Instrumental (6 units) or MUEP 452: Music Education Pedagogy: Choral/General The major in (6 units) and MUEP 390, a tutorial in theory/composition instrumental or choral/general pedagogy (3 units) Admission to the major g. MUEP 310: Brass Techniques (3 units) Admission to the theory/composition major is h. MUEP 315: Percussion Techniques (3 units) granted at the end of the sophomore year i. MUEP 321, 322: Woodwind Techniques I, II upon successful completion of the following (6 units) requirements: the appropriate qualifying exam j. MUEP 331, 332: String Techniques I, II in performance (administered by individual (6 units) applied areas) and acceptance of a portfolio k. MUEP 680: Student Teaching: completion consisting of a minimum of two compositions of two semesters (36 units) of student (in legible manuscript and accompanied by a teaching is required. recording if possible). 2. Keyboard skills: MURP 211 and 212: Keyboard Skills for Music Educators I, II in addition to degree requirements in key- Theory/composition board skills 1. Music theory in addition to the core courses 3. Performance: 39 units required for the B.Mus. degree: 24 units a. A minimum of 39 units in applied indi- a. MUTH 401, 402: Counterpoint I, II vidual instruction, as described below: (6 units) i. A minimum of 33 units in the major b. MUTH 411, 412: Orchestration I, II instrument or voice and satisfactory (6 units) completion of departmental require- c. MUTH 510: Analysis of 20th Century ments Music (6 units) ii. A minimum of 2 terms of applied d. MUTH 520: Schenkerian Analysis (6 units) individual instruction in the secondary 2. Music composition and arranging: 30 units

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a. 6 units: MUCA 250: Introductory 2. Music composition and arranging: 27 units Composition (3 units per term) a. MUCA 220: Jazz Improvisation (3 units) b. 6 units: MUCA 350: Intermediate b. MUCA 331, 332: Jazz Composition and Composition (3 units per term) Arranging (6 units) c. 6 units: MUCA 550: Advanced Composition c. MUCA 530: Advanced Jazz Composition (3 units per term) (9 units at 3 units per term) d. 6 additional units from MUCA 250, 350, d. 9 units from MUTH 401, 402: 550 Counterpoint I, II; MUCA 250, 350, 550: e. 6 additional units from MUCA courses Composition numbered 300 and above e. Presentation of a full composition recital f . Presentation of a full composition during senior year. recital during senior year 3. Supporting courses for the emphasis in jazz 3. Music history: fulfillment of the degree studies: 4 units requirement of 24 units must include 12 a. MUHI 380: Jazz History for the Music units in courses numbered 400 or above Major (3 units) b. MUEP 305: Jazz Pedagogy (1 unit) 4. Performance: 24 units 4. Music history: fulfillment of the degree A minimum of 24 units in applied individual requirement of 24 units must include 12 instruction units in courses numbered 400 or above 5. Ensemble: 12 units 5. Performance: 24 units a. 3 units in major ensemble, A minimum of 24 units in applied individual b. 3 units in chamber music, and instruction and 6 terms on the major c. 6 units in major ensemble or chamber instrument or voice music 6. Ensemble: Completion of the requirement must include: a. 6 terms of MUEN 295: Jazz Ensemble or Emphasis option for theory/ MUEN 293: Jazz Band (6 units) composition majors b. 3 terms of jazz chamber ensembles (3 units) Emphasis in Jazz Studies c. 3 terms of chamber music, non-jazz (3 units) Admission to the Bachelor of Music in theory/ composition with an emphasis in jazz studies may be granted to a limited number of students Bachelor of Arts/Bachelor of at the end of the sophomore year, upon Music double-degree program successful completion of qualifying examinations and with the approval of a candidate Professional study in music and study in the selection committee. For detailed information liberal arts may be combined in a five-year on admission and scheduling of requirements, program leading to both Bachelor of Music students are referred to the director of jazz and Bachelor of Arts degrees, the latter with studies. Specific courses required for the a major other than music. Both degrees are emphasis are as follows: awarded at the conclusion of the five-year 1. Music theory in addition to the core program. Interested students should discuss this courses required for the B.Mus. degree: possibility with their advisors as early as possible. 12 units Approximately half of the curriculum is a. MUTH 411, 412: Orchestration I, II devoted to the study of music — completion (6 units) of the music core and requirements for a b. MUTH 510: Analysis of 20th Century major in performance, music education, or Music (6 units) theory/composition. The other half of the

244 CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC curriculum mirrors that of the Bachelor of than 90 of which may be in art and no Arts program, emphasizing breadth of study more than 90 of which may be in art central to a liberal arts education, focused history. study in the college major, and elective study f. no more than 12 units from academic to complement other work or explore other internships fields of interest. 2. In the freshman year, 12 units of Freshman Certain majors in the Bachelor of Arts Studies. degree program (for example, some laboratory 3. Completion of the General Education sciences) may be difficult to combine with the Requirements: Bachelor of Music degree program into a five- a. Distribution, in order to gain exposure year double-degree program, especially if the to a range of disciplines, subjects, and student’s objective is to maintain serious options perspectives within the liberal arts: for graduate or professional work in both areas i. 12 units selected from departments after graduation. Such combinations may and courses listed within the Division require that course overloads be taken to of Humanities. All courses in the complete minimum requirements in each humanities taught in English will major in a timely and satisfactory manner. count toward this requirement. Early and regular consultation with advisors Humanities courses taught in a for- in both the college and the conservatory is eign language and numbered 300 and imperative. Further, students who seek certifi- above also will count toward this cation for purposes of teaching a subject other requirement, except as noted in the than music are urged to see the associate dean course catalog. of the conservatory. ii. 6 units selected from departments and In addition to academic policies and reg- courses listed within the Division of ulations detailed in this catalog, students in Fine Arts; the conservatory are subject to policies and iii. 12 units selected from departments procedures detailed in conservatory department and courses listed within the Division guidelines and the Conservatory Student Handbook of Social Sciences; (http://www.lawrence.edu/conservatory/ iv. 12 units selected from departments handbook). and courses listed within the Division of Natural Sciences, at least one of Degree requirements which must be in a laboratory course 1. Completion of a minimum of 15 terms of in biology, chemistry, geology, or phys- study and 270 units. of the 270 units ics. required, a student must present: b. Diversity, in order to prepare students for a. a minimum of 144 units in music, exclusive a more global world and a more diverse of MURP 201, 202, 203, 301, 302 and America: MUTH 161, 162, 171, 172 i. 6 units selected from courses designated b. a minimum of 114 units selected from as either emphasizing global and com- courses other than music parative perspectives on the world or c. no more than 42 units from courses in focusing on areas outside Europe and education the United States; d. a minimum of 72 units from courses ii. 6 units selected from courses designated numbered 200 and above as focusing on dimensions of diversity, e. no more than 90 units from a single such as race, ethnicity, and gender, that department outside of music, except that are of particular importance in under- in the art department a student may standing contemporary society in the present no more than 126 units, no more United States.

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c. Competency, in order to improve and a. Music theory reinforce those fundamental abilities i. MUTH 151, 161, 171 or MUTH central to a liberal arts education: 201, 211, 221 i. 6 units selected from courses designated ii. MUTH 152, 162, 172 or MUTH as writing intensive; 202, 212, 222 ii. 6 units selected from courses designat- iii. MUTH 251, 261, and 271 ed as speaking intensive; iv. MUTH 252, 262, and 272 iii. 6 units selected from courses designated v. MUTH 301, 311, and 321 as emphasizing mathematical reasoning b. Music history or quantitative analysis. i. MUHI 201 and 202 iv. 6 units in a foreign language taken ii. 6 units selected from courses in music from courses numbered 200 or above history numbered 300 or above and taught primarily in a language iii. 6 units selected from courses in music other than English. This requirement history numbered 400 or above may also be satisfied by attaining a c. Keyboard skills: MURP 201, 202, 203 or score of 4 or 5 on an Advanced MURP 301, 302 Placement examination in a foreign d. Applied music individual instruction as language or by passing a proficiency specified under requirements for the examination administered by a major and areas of emphasis Lawrence University foreign language e. Ensemble study: a minimum of 12 units. department. Students are required to participate in an ensemble every term in which they are Stipulations pertaining to the attending classes on the Appleton cam- General Education Requirements pus. Requirements for specific types of A single course may not be used to ensemble study (MUEN) are specified satisfy more than one requirement under requirements for majors and areas within categories (a) Distribution and of emphasis. (b) Diversity. A single course may be 6. Completion of a major in music — perfor- used to satisfy a requirement within mance, music education, theory/ composi- category (c) Competency and a tion, or student-designed — including all requirement within category (a) course and non-course requirements, such Distribution or (b) Diversity. No as recitals, qualifying examinations, etc. A course will be designated as fulfilling student is expected to pass a qualifying more than one category (c) examination for admission to the major Competency requirement. Credits after no more than six terms of study. granted persuant to university policy 7. An academic record that meets the following for advanced placement or for transfer standards: work may be used to fulfill General a. A 2.000 grade-point average in all Education Requirements. Lawrence courses. b. A 2.000 grade-point average in the 4. Completion of a college major — depart- music major (all music courses and non- mental, interdisciplinary, or student- music courses required for the major) designed — exclusive of music, including unless otherwise specified under the all course and non-course requirements, major requirements. such as departmental examinations, research 8. Completion of required terms and units projects and presentations, portfolios, etc. in residence as specified by the university Students are required to declare a major by residence requirements (see page 235). the beginning of the junior year. 5. Completion of music core requirements:

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Courses analysis. 3 units. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor Composition and arranging MUCA 221 Jazz Improvisation II MUCA 100 Fundamentals of Composition Continued exploration of jazz repertoire using An introduction to the craft of music compo- more complex forms and progressions, inter- sition open to students with some background mediate linear concepts, and solo transcription/ in music. Taught as a small class, the course will analysis. 3 units. introduce basic compositional techniques to Prerequisite: MUCA 220 students with limited background in composition. Individualized compositional projects will MUCA 222 be complemented by group listening and anal- Jazz Improvisation III ysis. Does not satisfy any requirement for the Advanced study of jazz repertoire employing theory/composition major. 3 units. contemporary techniques, advanced linear concepts, and solo transcription/analysis. 3 units. Enrollment limit: 4 Prerequisite: MUCA 221 Prerequisite: Consent of instructor MUCA 250 MUCA 201, 202 Introductory Composition Techniques of the Contemporary Composition of small forms in various media Composer I, II such as trios and quartets for strings, brass, or Development of the craft of the contemporary winds; art songs; and piano music. Theory/ composer through selected topics in pitch, composition majors must complete a minimum rhythm, and form. The course comprises anal- of two terms. 3 units per term. ysis of major compositional techniques of contemporary music in tandem with directed Prerequisite: MUTH 251 assignments in composition. Non-sequential; can be taken in either order. 3 units. MUCA 331 Jazz Composition and Arranging I Prerequisite: Consent of instructor Essentials of composing jazz music and writing MUCA 201: Offered in 2002-03 and in alternate for the jazz small group. Fundamentals of years thereafter notation, orchestration, rhythmic embellishment, MUCA 202: Offered in 2003-04 and in alternate melodic development, jazz harmony, vertical years thereafter sonorities, basic forms, 2-5 part densities. 3 units. Prerequisite: MUTH 251 or consent MUCA 210 of instructor Improvisation An introduction to improvisation for students MUCA 332 in all music disciplines. Exploration of the Jazz Composition and Arranging II concepts of improvisation in the varied settings Intermediate composition and arranging of ethnic/world music, jazz, and contemporary concepts for expanded jazz ensembles. 3 units. classical music. 3 units. Prerequisite: MUCA 331 MUCA 220 Jazz Improvisation I MUCA 333 An introduction to the fundamentals of jazz Jazz Composition and Arranging III improvisation. Exploration of jazz repertoire Advanced jazz writing projects. 3 units. through scale/chord/mode associations, rhythmic Prerequisite: MUCA 332 and linear development, and solo transcription/

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MUCA 350 MUCA 199, 399, 599, 699 Intermediate Composition Independent Study A continuation of MUCA 250, with emphasis Students considering an honors project should on larger forms. Theory/composition majors register for independent study for one or more must complete a minimum of two terms. terms (see “Honors at Graduation,” Page 000). 3 units per term. Variable credit. Prerequisites: MUTH 301 and at least two terms of MUCA 250 Ensemble performance study

MUCA 530 Please note: A maximum of 12 units of major Advanced Jazz Writing Skills ensemble may apply toward the Bachelor of A continuation of MUCA 331, 332, 333 Music degree, except when required by the through private instruction. May be repeated major. Major ensembles are Concert Choir, for credit. 3 units. Lawrence Women’s Choir, Lawrence Chorale, Prerequisites: MUCA 333 and admission to an Music Theatre, Wind Ensemble, Symphonic emphasis in jazz studies or consent of instructor. Band, Symphony orchestra, Jazz Ensemble, and Jazz Band. MUCA 550 Advanced Composition MUEN 210 Composition in various forms and for various Lawrence Chamber Singers* media, culminating in at least one work for A choral chamber group of 16 to 20 voices large ensemble. Theory/composition majors chosen by audition. 1 unit. must complete a minimum of two terms. 3 units per term. MUEN 215 Vocal Jazz Ensemble* Prerequisite: Two terms minimum of Study and performance of music for vocal MUCA 350 ensemble in the jazz idiom. Membership MUCA 190, 390, 590, 690 determined by audition. 1 unit. Tutorial Studies Variable credit. MUEN 230 Percussion Ensemble MUCA 195, 395, 595, 695 open to all students by audition. Performance Academic Internship of contemporary percussion chamber music, An experience-based project in music developed including music written specifically for mallet in consultation with a designated supervisor ensembles. 1 unit. and a conservatory faculty member, comprising a work component and an academic component. MUEN 235 Improvisation Group The academic component of the internship, Solo and group improvisation without stylistic carried out under the supervision of the faculty boundaries. Membership determined by member, may include readings related to the audition. 1 unit. substance of the internship, discussions with the faculty member, and a written report or other culminating project appropriate to the discipline. A proposal must be submitted to the * Although grades received in the Lawrence Chamber Singers and Vocal Jazz Ensemble are factored into grade-point averages, credit Conservatory Committee on Administration in these ensembles may not apply toward the Bachelor of Music by the end of the fifth week of the term before degree or the Bachelor of Arts degree with a major in music, unless the start of the internship. Variable credit. specified in degree requirements.

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MUEN 240 open to all women of the university by audi- Collegium Musicum tion. 1 unit. An ensemble of instrumentalists and singers devoted to the study and performance of MUEN 275 Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque music. Lawrence Concert Choir 1 unit. An advanced choral ensemble that studies and performs music of all historical periods. open MUEN 245 to all students of the university by audition. Chamber Music 1 unit. A study of ensemble playing through repertoire selected according to the interests and capability MUEN 280 of the students. A maximum of 6 units, beyond Introduction to Music Theatre I departmental requirements, may apply to Preparation for the singing actor. “Theatre degree requirements. 1 unit. games,” monologue, aria, improvisation. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and student’s Reading and journal writing. No credit. applied teacher MUEN 281 Introduction to Music Theatre II MUEN 248 Continuation of MUEN 280. 1 unit. Jazz Small Group Studies year-long study and performance of jazz small Prerequisite: MUEN 280 group repertoire for ensembles chosen by audition. A maximum of 6 units of jazz small MUEN 282 group (chamber) music, beyond departmental Music Theatre Production Preparation requirements, may apply to degree requirements. Experience in musical and dramatic aspects of 1 unit. performance, especially preparation of characters, language, and music from the selected production. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and 1 unit. student’s applied teacher Prerequisite: MUEN 281 or consent MUEN 250 of instructor Supervised Accompanying Supervised accompanying in a voice or instru- MUEN 283 mental studio. To include attendance at lessons Music Theatre Performance as determined by the supervising teacher and Final preparation and performance of an at least two hours of rehearsal weekly. Repertoire operatic or music theatre production. 1 unit. must be approved by both the pianist’s applied MUEN 284 teacher and the other studio teacher involved. Music Theatre Workshop 1 unit. Arias, songs, ensembles from all musical genres Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and prepared for public presentation. 1 unit. student’s applied teacher Prerequisite: MUEN 281 or consent of instructor MUEN 270 Lawrence Chorale MUEN 285 Introductory choral experience open to all Wind Ensemble students of the university. 1 unit. A select group chosen by audition. Emphasis on wind repertoire with one player per part. MUEN 272 Lawrence Women’s Choir 1 unit. An advanced women’s ensemble that studies MUEN 286 and performs music of all historical periods.

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Wind Ensemble/Symphonic Band – Advanced Saxophone Quartet Studies Percussion year-long study and performance of advanced Membership determined by audition. 1 unit. saxophone quartet repertoire for an ensemble chosen by audition. A maximum of 6 units of MUEN 287 chamber music, beyond departmental require- Symphonic Band ments, may apply to degree requirements. 1 unit Study and performance of music written for per term. concert or symphonic band. Membership determined by audition. 1 unit . Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and student’s applied teacher Please note: Although students may participate in both Wind Ensemble and Symphonic Band and receive credit for both, only 1 unit of this Music education and pedagogy participation per term may apply toward satisfying degree requirements. MUEP 120 Basic Audio Recording MUEN 290 Fundamentals of audio recording, providing a Symphony Orchestra basic knowledge of essential recording theory, Membership determined by audition. 1 unit. skills, and techniques. 1 unit. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor MUEN 293 Jazz Band MUEP 231, 232 Membership determined by audition. 1 unit. Vocal Proficiency and Pedagogy I, II An introduction to and practicum on the basics MUEN 295 Jazz Ensemble of vocal technique and pedagogy. Emphasis on Membership determined by audition. 1 unit. techniques of breathing, phonation, and vowel formation and the building of resonance and MUEN 410 range. Two-term sequence, taken in conjunction Advanced Wind Quintet Studies with MUEN 270 (students may elect to sub- year-long study and performance of advanced stitute MUEN 275 or MUEN 272, by audition). wind quintet repertoire for an ensemble chosen 1 unit per term. by audition. A maximum of 6 units of chamber Prerequisite: Sophomore standing music, beyond departmental requirements, may apply to degree requirements. 1 unit per term. MUEP 240 Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and General Music Methods I student’s applied teacher Philosophy, principles, and procedures of early childhood music education, grades pre-K-3. MUEN 420 Includes basic musicianship skills, understand- Advanced Brass Quintet Studies ing and implementation of Kodály, orff, and year-long study and performance of advanced Dalcroze methodologies. Laboratory observa- brass quintet repertoire for an ensemble chosen tions and experiences with young children. by audition. A maximum of 6 units of chamber 6 units. music, beyond departmental requirements, may Enrollment limit: 12 apply to degree requirements. 1 unit per term. Prerequisite: MUTH 251 or consent Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and of instructor student’s applied teacher MUEP 245 MUEN 430 Instrumental Pedagogy

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An introduction to individualized instrumental A course for students seeking instrumental instruction. Directed reading and discussion music teacher certification whose major concerning instrumental technique and emphasis is strings. Topics include study of pedagogy, learning theory, and lesson planning. several major string pedagogy concepts, including Includes supervised teaching of private lessons those of Suzuki, Rolland, and Rabin. 1 unit. and observation of experienced teachers. 3 units. Prerequisite: MUEP 401 Enrollment limit: 6 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing and consent MUEP 310 (54A) Brass Techniques of instructor An introduction to the teaching of brass MUEP 301, 302, 303 instruments, with emphasis on teaching Piano Pedagogy I, II, III principles and their application to school An introduction to piano teaching. Study of music. Theoretical and practical playing learning process and teaching methods and knowledge of all brass instruments required. materials. Work with lesson and curriculum Discussion and evaluation of method, materials, planning and instructional techniques for and literature. 3 units. both groups and individuals, from average-age Enrollment limit: 8 beginners through intermediate-level students. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Required observation of experienced teachers and supervised teaching. 3 units per term; credit MUEP 315 for MUEP 301 awarded upon completion of Percussion Techniques MUEP 302. An introduction to the teaching of percussion Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or consent instruments, with emphasis on teaching princi- of instructor ples and their application to school music. Theoretical and practical playing knowledge of MUEP 305 all percussion instruments required. Required Jazz Pedagogy observation, discussion, and evaluation of Structured to prepare teachers of elementary, method, materials, and literature. 3 units. middle school, and high school students. Jazz Enrollment limit: 8 education philosophies, teaching improvisation/ Prerequisite: Sophomore standing aural skills/interaction, fostering composition/ arranging in the school program, small group MUEP 321, 322 development, large ensemble rehearsal tech- Woodwind Techniques I, II niques, repertoire/programming, and public A study of the woodwind instruments, with presentation. 1 unit. emphasis on teaching principles and their Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent application to school music. 3 units per term. of instructor Enrollment limit: 8 MUEP 307 Prerequisite: Junior standing Instrumental Techniques for the Laboratory fee Choral Major An overview of woodwind, brass, string, and MUEP 331, 332 percussion instrument families, with discussion String Techniques I, II of solutions to common problems encountered Class instruction in all bowed string instruments, when dealing with these instruments. 1 unit. with emphasis on teaching principles and their Prerequisite: MUTH 301 application to string classes in elementary and secondary schools. Non-sequential; can be taken MUEP 308 in either order. 3 units per term. String Pedagogy for Music Educators 251 CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC

Enrollment limit: 8 1 unit (1/6 credit). Prerequisite: Junior standing Prerequisite: MUEP 371

MUEP 350 MUEP 380 General Music Methods II Conducting Principles Philosophy, principles, and procedures of An introduction to choral and instrumental elementary music education, grades 4-6. conducting: baton and rehearsal techniques, Includes basic musicianship skills, understanding and score-reading (utilizing aural and keyboard and implementation of Kodály, orff, and skills). Lab required. 6 units. Dalcroze methodologies. Laboratory observa- Enrollment limit: 12 tions and experiences with young children. Prerequisites: Sophomore standing, 6 units. MUTH 301 and BKS Enrollment limit: 12 Prerequisite: MUEP 240 MUEP 401 Instrumental Methods and MUEP 370 Rehearsal Techniques General Music Practicum Principles, procedures, and philosophy for A pre-student-teaching opportunity to integrate organizing, administering, and teaching in course work in general music with practical orchestra and band programs at the elementary, teaching experience in grades K-12. Two and middle, and senior high levels. Synthesis and one-half hours of teaching per week with expansion of music and education courses weekly conferences with instructor. Teaching previously taken by music education students. hours will count toward the 100 clock-hour Development of a practical yet comprehensive pre-student teaching mandated by the State method for teaching instrumental music. 6 units. of Wisconsin. 3 units. Prerequisite: Junior standing, MUEP 380 Enrollment limit: 5 MUEP 402 Prerequisite: Junior standing and MUEP 350 Choral Techniques, Rehearsal Procedures, and Repertoire MUEP 371 A study of rehearsal techniques, repertoire, and Vocal Pedagogy I good singing habits as they relate to choral An introduction to the science and pedagogy ensemble and general music programs. of singing, emphasizing the physiology and Laboratory experience in local junior and pedagogy of respiration for singing, the voice senior high schools. 6 units. source, vocal acoustics, and registration. The application of voice science to pedagogy, issues Prerequisites: Junior standing, MUEP 380 of pedagogical philosophy and psychology, vocal line, vocal vibrato, and vocal hygiene also are MUEP 451 introduced. 3 units awarded upon completion Music Education Pedagogy: Instrumental of MUEP 372. A continuation of instrumental conducting studies; rehearsal technique; aural, vocal, and Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent written score analysis; improvisation; and of instructor principles of vocal scoring, instrumentation, and orchestration. Specific topics pertinent MUEP 372 to the student’s emphasis addressed. Required Vocal Pedagogy II participation in instrumental lab. 6 units. A continuation of MUEP 371. Supervised student teaching with biweekly lab discussions Prerequisites: MUEP 401 on issues arising from the teaching experience. MUEP 452 Music Education Pedagogy: Choral/ 252 General CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC

A continuation of choral conducting studies; rehearsal technique; aural, vocal, and written MUEP 680 score analysis; improvisation; and principles of Student Teaching vocal scoring, instrumentation, and orchestration. Practice teaching in the schools of the Fox Specific topics pertinent to the student’s Valley community. Experience available in emphasis addressed. Required participation in upper and lower grades. 18 units. choral lab. 6 units. Prerequisites: Completion of all methods Prerequisites: MUEP 402 courses and consent of instructor

MUEP 502 MUEP 190, 390, 590, 690 Early Advanced Piano Pedagogy Tutorial Studies A course in how to teach the advancing pia- Variable credit. nist, with a survey of piano literature for the pre-college student. Readings on style, technique, MUEP 195, 395, 595, 695 form, and practice techniques. Required Academic Internship observation of conservatory piano faculty. An experience-based project in music developed 3 units. in consultation with a designated supervisor and a conservatory faculty member, comprising Prerequisite: MUEP 303 a work component and an academic component. Offered in 2003-04 and alternate years thereafter The academic component of the internship, carried out under the supervision of the faculty MUEP 503 member, may include readings related to the Group Piano Pedagogy substance of the internship, discussions with Study of different types of group teaching the faculty member, and a written report or situations: in the schools, independent studios, other culminating project appropriate to the different age and special-interest groups, discipline. A proposal must be submitted to the repertoire classes. Techniques for teaching Conservatory Committee on Administration in the electronic piano laboratory. 3 units. by the end of the fifth week of the term before Prerequisite: MUEP 303 the start of the internship. Variable credit. Offered in 2002-03 and alternate years thereafter MUEP 199, 399, 599, 699 MUEP 505 Independent Study Internship in Piano Pedagogy Students considering an honors project should Internship in independent studio teaching. register for independent study for one or more opportunity to integrate course work in piano terms (see “Honors at Graduation,” Page 303). pedagogy with practical experience in an Variable credit. independent piano studio. Exploration of the business and professional aspects of establishing an independent teaching studio. Studio place- Music history ment must be approved by instructor. 3 units. MUHI 100 Prerequisite: MUEP 581 Introduction to Music Literature Lectures and guided listening for the non-music MUEP 581, 582 (61A, B) major, introducing musical materials, basic Student Teaching in Piano I, II musical concepts, and a variety of styles and Supervised teaching in the Lawrence Academy types of music. Consideration of the place of of Music. Includes weekly conferences with music in society, past and present. Does not the pedagogy instructor. 3 units per term. satisfy course requirements for any music Prerequisite: MUEP 303 major. 6 units.

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A survey of Western music and musical styles MUHI 115 from the early 18th century to the present. History of Black Music Music majors are encouraged to enroll during A historical survey of the contributions of the sophomore year. 6 units. black musicians and idioms, including Prerequisite: MUHI 201 or consent of instructor sociological and aesthetic implications, with emphasis on the concert composer and MUHI 287 performer. open to all students; does not satisfy History of Music V any music major requirement. 6 units. Music from the end of World War II to the present with reference to European and non- MUHI 120 European influences. 3 units. Introduction to Jazz History An exploration of the musical development Prerequisite: MUHI 286 or consent of instructor and cultural impact of jazz from its origins to Offered in 2002-03 for the last time the present for students not majoring in music. Lectures, films, and readings provide historical MUHI 380 details. Does not satisfy course requirements Jazz History for the Music Major for any music major. 6 units. A study of the contributions of select jazz art- Offered in 2003-04 and in alternate years thereafter ists through analysis of recordings, historical films, solo transcriptions, scores, and readings MUHI 140 from texts. 3 units. Russian Culture Through Music Prerequisite: MUTH 252 or consent of instructor Important issues and episodes in Russian Offered in 2002-03 and alternate years thereafter cultural history, explored through the prism of 19th- and 20th-century orchestral music, opera, MUHI 411 and ballet. Themes include: Russia’s ambiguous Aesthetics of Music self-identity vis-a-vis the West, Russia’s ambiva- A study of what can reasonably be said or written lence toward Central Asia, and the uneasy about music, critically examining assumptions partnership between Russian orthodoxy and often made of it, e.g., that music is an art, that nationalism. No knowledge of Russian required. it involves the production of works, that it is 6 units. expressive, that it is a universal language. open Also listed as Russian 330 to music majors and non-majors. Previous music study helpful but not required. 6 units. Not Offered in 2002-03 Enrollment limit: 18 MUHI 201 Prerequisite: Sophomore standing Music History Survey I A survey of Western music and introduction to MUHI 440 the historical study of musical styles from the Topics in Music History: Life and Works Middle Ages through the late 17th century. A study of a composer’s career, emphasizing the Music majors are encouraged to enroll during relationship between composer and society. the sophomore year. 6 units. Topics in this series vary from year to year. May Prerequisite: MUTH 251 or consent be repeated with consent of instructor. 6 units. of instructor Enrollment limit: 20 Prerequisite: MUTH 202 MUHI 202 Music History Survey II MUHI 450 Topics in Music History: Genre History

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An examination of the historical development of Music repertoire and a single genre, stressing the effects of societal changes. Topics in this series vary from year to performance studies year. May be repeated with consent of instructor. MURP 101 6 units. Elementary Piano Enrollment limit: 20 A beginning piano course for students without Prerequisite: MUTH 202 formal piano study and those returning to piano study after an extended absence. Reading of MUHI 460 musical notation, terms, and symbols; basic Topics in Music History: Cultural technique; basic keyboard theory; exploration Moments of diverse repertoire. Does not satisfy require- A study of a particular time and place, examining ments of any music major. 2 units per term, the relationship between social institutions, intel- awarded only upon completion of three terms lectual ideas, and music products. Topics in this of study. series vary from year to year. May be repeated Enrollment limit: 9 with consent of instructor. 6 units. Consent of instructor required to ensure Enrollment limit: 20 proper placement Prerequisite: MUTH 202 MURP 151 MUHI 190, 390, 590, 690 Intermediate piano Tutorial Studies Intermediate-level piano class for students who Variable credit. have completed MURP 101 or have reached a similar level of advancement. Does not satisfy MUHI 195, 395, 595, 695 requirements of any music major. 2 units per Academic Internship term, awarded only upon completion of three An experience-based project in music developed terms of study. in consultation with a designated supervisor and a conservatory faculty member, comprising Enrollment limit: 9 a work component and an academic component. Placement determined by audition (two pieces The academic component of the internship, in contrasting styles, at least the level of the carried out under the supervision of the faculty Bach Minuets or the easiest Schumann pieces member, may include readings related to the from Album for the Young); consent of instructor substance of the internship, discussions with required to ensure proper placement the faculty member, and a written report or other culminating project appropriate to the MURP 161 discipline. A proposal must be submitted to the Organ Class Conservatory Committee on Administration An introduction to organ study for students by the end of the fifth week of the term before who have achieved at least the intermediate the start of the internship. Variable credit. level of piano studies. The course will include development of coordination between manuals MUHI 199, 399, 599, 699 and pedals, performance practice, and style Independent Study issues for Early and Romantic music, improvi- Students considering an honors project should sation, and hymn playing. 3 units. register for independent study for one or more Enrollment limit: 6 terms (see “Honors at Graduation,” Page 303). Prerequisite: Consent of instructor Variable credit.

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MURP 201, 202, 203 including identification of problematic Basic Keyboard Skills I, II, III American regionalisms and basic elements Sight-reading, keyboard harmony, transposition, of English poetics. The International Phonetic improvisation, technique, and selected repertoire. Alphabet is learned as a tool for work in this Students must demonstrate proficiency at each and subsequent singing diction classes. No credit. level before advancing to the next level. Prerequisite: Concurrent registration in voice Completion of MURP 203 or demonstrated lessons equivalent required of all Bachelor of Music degree candidates and Bachelor of Arts degree MURP 273 candidates with a major in music. Audition for Italian and Latin Singing Diction placement required. 1 unit per term. An introduction to Italian singing diction with Please note: Required in the freshman year of special attention given to sounds problematic all Bachelor of Music degree students whose for English speakers. Brief study of the performance area is not a keyboard instrument. pronunciation of ecclesiastical Latin. No credit. BKS grades are factored into grade-point aver- Prerequisite: Concurrent registration in voice ages, but credit does not apply toward require- lessons ments for the Bachelor of Music degree. BKS must be completed successfully by the end of MURP 274 the sophomore year. (Music majors are regis- German Singing Diction tered for BKS until the requirement has been An introduction to German singing diction, completed.) Students who do not complete with special attention to sounds problematic requirements in four terms of study are for English speakers. Expressive use of the charged a fee of $75 in each successive term language in Lied interpretation begun. No until all requirements are met. credit. MURP 211, 212 Prerequisite: Concurrent registration in voice Keyboard Skills for Music Educators I, II lessons Upper-level keyboard proficiency course for students enrolling in a music education MURP 275 French Singing Diction emphasis that includes general music. Students An introduction to French singing diction, must successfully complete this course not with special attention to sounds problematic later than the end of Term II of the sopho- for English speakers. Expressive use of the more year. 1 unit per term. language, using appropriate mélodie texts, Enrollment limit: 9 begun. No credit. Prerequisite: MURP 203 or the equivalent Prerequisite: Concurrent registration in voice lessons MURP 271 Introduction to Vocal Studies MURP 276 An overview of classical singing, including Recitative anatomy and physiology of the voice, basic An introduction to the performance practices vocal acoustics, voice health, and a brief history of the pre-Romantic recitative, emphasizing of western singing. No credit. the secco style. Critical listening to a variety Prerequisite: Concurrent registration in voice of recorded examples and individualized selec- lessons tion, preparation, and coaching of appropriate examples of Baroque and Classic recitatives. No MURP 272 credit. English Singing Diction Prerequisite: Concurrent registration in voice An introduction to English singing diction, lessons

256 CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC

MURP 301, 302 instrument is keyboard, or consent of the Functional Skills for Keyboard Majors I, II instructor Development of functional keyboard skills. Sight-reading, score-reading, transposition, MURP 420 keyboard harmony, playing by ear, improvisa- Piano Accompaniment: Vocal tion, and conducting from the keyboard. FKS Vocal accompanying for the advanced pianist, grades are factored into grade-point averages, including art song, opera recitative, and aria. but credit does not apply toward requirements Performances required of all participants. for the Bachelor of Music degree. 1 unit per 3 units. term. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor Offered in 2003-04 and alternate years thereafter MURP 311, 312, 313 Fretboard Harmony for the Classical Guitarist MURP 421 Piano Accompaniment: Instrumental Study of intervals, chord construction, and Instrumental accompanying for the advanced voice leading, using exercises and examples pianist, including duo sonatas and concerto from the standard guitar repertoire. Practical orchestral reductions. Performances required of application to sight-reading, arranging, memo- all participants. 3 units. rization, and articulation of musical ideas. 1 unit per term. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor open to all guitar students and to others by Offered in 2003-04 and alternate years thereafter consent of instructor MURP 440 MURP 320 Survey of Organ Literature, Design, and Functional Jazz Piano Performance Practice An introduction to jazz piano voicings, basic A historical review of the development of the piano comping techniques, and the role of the organ and its music from the 14th century to keyboard in the jazz rhythm section. Designed the present. Emphasis on the formation of the to accommodate upperclass students who have various national styles and performance options. been admitted to the Bachelor of Music Lectures, readings, live and recorded listening. degree program with an emphasis in jazz 3 units. studies, sophomore Bachelor of Music students Prerequisite: organ major or consent planning to apply for the emphasis in jazz of instructor studies, and experienced student jazz perform- Not offered in 2002-03 ers with consent of instructor. 3 units. Enrollment limit: 9 MURP 451, 452 Literature of the Piano I, II Prerequisite: MUCA 222 or consent of A two-term historical survey of the repertoire instructor from 1600 to the present, with consideration of performance practice and broader historical MURP 410 context. Lectures, readings, listening, analysis, Harpsichord Accompaniment performance, and written assignments. 6 units Rudimentary technique of the instrument, per term. care and upkeep of the harpsichord, basic registration, continuo realizations, obbligato Prerequisite: Consent of instructor; MURP accompaniment, and beginning Baroque 451 is prerequisite to MURP 452 performance practice. Lectures, demonstrations, Offered in 2002-03 and alternate years thereafter and practical application. 1 unit. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing, primary

257 CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC

MURP 455 term for one 1/2-hour lesson per week; 6 units Vocal Literature per term for a one-hour lesson per week; 6 An introductory survey of the history and units maximum in any one course. literature of the solo singer from antiquity to the present. 3 units. MUIN 102-120 Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent Elementary of instructor Individual year-long instruction for B.A. beginning students not majoring in music. 2 units MURP 460 per term for one 1/2-hour lesson per week. Song Interpretation Credit awarded only on completion of three A study of the interplay of text and music in terms in a single academic year. performance of solo vocal literature. Particular 102 organ 112 Saxophone emphasis on stylistic and interpretive problems 103 Voice 113 Bassoon through in-class performance. 3 units. 104 Violin 114 Horn 105 Viola 115 Trumpet Prerequisite: Junior standing or consent 106 Cello 116 Trombone of instructor 107 Doublebass 117 Euphonium MURP 510 108 Guitar 118 Tuba Advanced Conducting 109 Flute 119 Harpsichord An advanced course in instrumental conducting 110 oboe 120 Percussion techniques, study habits, score reading, solfège, 111 Clarinet and rehearsal techniques. Students are individually assigned appropriate orchestral scores to MUIN 200-220 B.A. Non-Major rehearse with the Lawrence Symphony Individual instruction for Bachelor of Arts orchestra at end of the term. 6 units. students studying instrument as an elective Prerequisites: Junior standing, MUEP 380, 200 Jazz 211 Clarinet and consent of instructor 201 Piano 212 Saxophone Not offered in 2002-03 202 organ 213 Bassoon 203 Voice 214 Horn Applied music individual instruction 204 Violin 215 Trumpet Private instruction for credit is offered in the 205 Viola 216 Trombone following areas: piano, organ, voice, violin, 206 Cello 217 Euphonium viola, violoncello, doublebass, guitar, flute, 207 Doublebass 218 Tuba oboe, clarinet, saxophone, bassoon, horn, 208 Guitar 219 Harpsichord trumpet, trombone, euphonium, tuba, harpsi- 209 Flute 220 Percussion chord, percussion, jazz studies. This instruction 210 oboe is available by permission of instructor, based MUIN 230-250 on interview or audition. Studio assignment B.A. Music Major Pre-Q and placement for Bachelor of Music degree Individual instruction for Bachelor of Arts candidates are determined upon matriculation. students intending to major in music, prior Students requesting non-required private les- to successful completion of the qualifying sons are accommodated to the extent faculty examination for the major schedules permit. 230 Jazz 241 Clarinet 231 Piano 242 Saxophone Credit 232 organ 243 Bassoon Credit is granted as follows: with the exception 233 Voice 244 Horn of MUIN 102-120 (see below), 3 units per 234 Violin 245 Trumpet

258 CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC

235 Viola 246 Trombone 362 organ 373 Bassoon 236 Cello 247 Euphonium 363 Voice 374 Horn 237 Doublebass 248 Tuba 364 Violin 375 Trumpet 238 Guitar 249 Harpsichord 365 Viola 376 Trombone 239 Flute 250 Percussion 366 Cello 377 Euphonium 240 oboe 367 Doublebass 378 Tuba 368 Guitar 379 Harpsichord MUIN 260-280 369 Flute 380 Percussion B.Mus. Second Instrument 370 oboe Individual instruction on secondary instrument for Bachelor of Music students MUIN 460-480 260 Jazz 271 Clarinet B.Mus. Non-Performance Post-Q 261 Piano 272 Saxophone Individual instruction on major instrument for 262 organ 273 Bassoon Bachelor of Music students whose major is 263 Voice 274 Horn other than performance (i.e., music education, 264 Violin 275 Trumpet theory/composition, student-designed), after 265 Viola 276 Trombone successful completion of the qualifying exami- 266 Cello 277 Euphonium nation for the major 267 Doublebass 278 Tuba 460 Jazz 471 Clarinet 268 Guitar 279 Harpsichord 461 Piano 472 Saxophone 269 Flute 280 Percussion 462 organ 473 Bassoon 270 oboe 463 Voice 474 Horn 464 Violin 475 Trumpet MUIN 330-350 465 Viola 476 Trombone B.A. Music Major Post-Q 466 Cello 477 Euphonium Individual instruction on major instrument for 467 Doublebass 478 Tuba Bachelor of Arts music majors, after successful 468 Guitar 479 Harpsichord completion of the qualifying examination for 469 Flute 480 Percussion the major 470 oboe 330 Jazz 341 Clarinet 331 Piano 342 Saxophone MUIN 560-580 332 organ 343 Bassoon B.Mus. Performance Post-Q 333 Voice 344 Horn Individual instruction on major instrument for 334 Violin 345 Trumpet Bachelor of Music students whose major is 335 Viola 346 Trombone performance, after successful completion of the 336 Cello 347 Euphonium qualifying examination for the major 337 Doublebass 348 Tuba 560 Jazz 571 Clarinet 338 Guitar 349 Harpsichord 561 Piano 572 Saxophone 339 Flute 350 Percussion 562 organ 573 Bassoon 340 oboe 563 Voice 574 Horn 564 Violin 575 Trumpet MUIN 360-380 565 Viola 576 Trombone B.Mus Pre-Q 566 Cello 577 Euphonium Individual instruction on major instrument 567 Doublebass 578 Tuba for all Bachelor of Music students, prior to 568 Guitar 579 Harpsichord successful completion of the qualifying 569 Flute 580 Percussion examination for the major 570 oboe 360 Jazz 371 Clarinet 361 Piano 372 Saxophone

259 CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC

Music theory MUTH 201, 202 Music Theory and Analysis 1, 2 MUTH 100 A comprehensive introduction to the structural Music Theory for the Non-Major principles and compositional techniques of art An introduction to the fundamentals of music: music from the 18th and 19th centuries. notation, scales, intervals, chords, keys, and Emphasis on diatonic harmony and elementary basic harmonic and contrapuntal concepts. counterpoint through written exercises, model Improvement of reading skills and perfor- composition, and analysis. Introduction to the mance through an understanding of music’s basic formal procedures associated with tonal structure and notation. Does not apply toward music. Taken in sequence, these are the first any music major. 3 units. two courses in the five-term music theory core. Placement determined by the Music MUTH 151, 152 Theory Placement Exam (administered during Music Fundamentals, Theory, New Student Week). 4 units each. and Analysis 1, 2 Corequisites: MUTH 211 and 221 (for An intensive version of MUTH 201, 202, this MUTH 201); MUTH 212 and 222 (for course provides a thorough grounding in MUTH 202) music fundamentals followed by a comprehensive introduction to tonal harmony, counter- MUTH 211, 212 point, and associated formal procedures. The Aural Skills 1, 2 two terms are taken in sequence. Placement Ear training commensurate with MUTH 201, determined by the Music Theory Placement 202. Melodic, harmonic, and contrapuntal dic- Exam (administered during New Student tation, error detection, and aural perception of Week). 6 units each. basic formal procedures. Taken in sequence. Corequisites: MUTH 161, 171 (for MUTH Placement and section assignment determined 151); MUTH 162, 172 (for MUTH 152) by the Music Theory Placement Exam (administered during New Student Week). MUTH 161, 162 1 unit each. Aural Skills Fundamentals 1, 2 Corequisites: MUTH 201, 221 (for MUTH Intensive ear training commensurate with 211); MUTH 202, 222 (for MUTH 212) MUTH 151, 152. Taken in sequence. Placement determined by the Music Theory MUTH 221, 222 Placement Exam (administered during New Sight Singing 1, 2 Student Week). 2 units each. Credit does not Sight singing commensurate with MUTH 201, count toward the B.Mus degree. 202. Solo and ensemble singing using solfège; Corequisites: MUTH 151, 171 (for MUTH treble and bass clefs only. one- and two-part 161); MUTH 152, 172 (for MUTH 162) rhythmic exercises. Improvisation. Taken in sequence. Placement and section assignment MUTH 171, 172 determined by sight-singing audition (con- Sight Singing Fundamentals 1, 2 ducted during New Student Week). 1 unit Sight singing commensurate with MUTH 151, each. 152. Placement determined by placement into Corequisites: MUTH 201, 211 (for MUTH the corequisite course. 1 unit each. Credit does 221); MUTH 202, 212 (for MUTH 222) not count toward the B.Mus. degree. Corequisites: MUTH 151, 161 (for MUTH 171): MUTH 251, 252 MUTH 152, 162 (for MUTH 172) Music Theory and Analysis 3, 4 Continued study of the harmonic techniques and structural principles of tonal music, with emphasis on chromatic harmony and contra- 260 CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC puntal elaboration through written exercises, Prerequisite: MUTH 252 or advanced placement model composition, and analysis. Introduction Corequisites: MUTH 311, 321 to large-scale formal procedures associated with 18th- and 19th-century art music. Part of MUTH 311 the five-term music theory core, taken in Aural Skills 5 sequence. 4 units each. Ear training commensurate with MUTH 301. Prerequisite: MUTH 202 or MUTH 152 or Section assignment determined by the music advanced placement theory/composition department. 1 unit. Corequisites: MUTH 261, 271 (for MUTH Prerequisite: MUTH 262 or advanced placement 251); MUTH 262, 272 (for MUTH 252). Corequisites: MUTH 301, 321

MUTH 261, 262 MUTH 321 Aural Skills 3, 4 Sight Singing 5 Ear training commensurate with MUTH 251, Sight singing commensurate with MUTH 301. 252. Continued work in melodic, harmonic, Section assignment determined by the music and contrapuntal dictation, error detection, and theory/composition department. 1 unit. aural perception of basic forms of tonal music. Prerequisite: MUTH 272 or advanced placement Taken in sequence. Section assignment determined by the music theory/composition Corequisites: MUTH 301, 311 department. 1 unit each. MUTH 351 Prerequisite: MUTH 212 or MUTH 162 or Topics in Music Analysis: advanced placement Instrumental Genres 1 Corequisites: MUTH 251, 271 (for MUTH Advanced analysis of masterworks from a par- 261); MUTH 252, 272 (for MUTH 262) ticular instrumental genre, one genre per term, to be chosen from symphony, concerto, and MUTH 271, 272 chamber music. 3 units. Sight Singing 3, 4 Prerequisite: MUTH 301 Sight singing commensurate with MUTH 251, 252. Continued solo and ensemble singing MUTH 352 (modes, alto and tenor clefs added), rhythmic Topics in Music Analysis: exercises, and improvisation. Taken in sequence. Instrumental Genres 2 Section assignment determined by the music Advanced analysis of masterworks from a par- theory/composition department. 1 unit. ticular instrumental genre, one genre per term, Prerequisite: MUTH 222 or MUTH 172 or to be chosen from symphony, concerto, and advanced placement chamber music. 6 units. Corequisites: MUTH 251, 261 (for MUTH Prerequisite” MUTH 301 271); MUTH 252, 262 (for MUTH 272) Not offered in 2002-03

MUTH 301 MUTH 353 Music Theory and Analysis 5 Topics in Musical Analysis: Vocal Genres 1 The final course in the music theory core cur- Advanced analysis of masterworks from a riculum. The first half of the course develops particular vocal genre, one genre per term, to and refines analytic skills introduced earlier in be chosen from art song, opera, and choral the core, applying them to specific works of music. 3 units. the tonal repetory. The second half provides an Prerequisite: MUTH 301 introduction to the structural principles and Not offered in 2002-03 formal procedures of art music from the early 20th century to the present. 4 units. MUTH 354 261 CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC

Topics in Music Analysis: Vocal Genres 2 Analysis of 20th-Century Music Advanced analysis of masterworks from a par- Studies of the styles and structural techniques ticular vocal genre, one genre per term, to be of significant examples of 20th-century music. cosen from art song, opera, and choral music. 6 units. 6 units. Prerequisite: MUTH 301 Prerequisite: MUTH 301 Not offered in 2002-03 MUTH 520 Schenkerian Analysis MUTH 401 An introduction to the theory and analytical Counterpoint I techniques of Heinrich Schenker (1868-1935) The first course in a two-term survey of the and his followers. Investigating what is perhaps techniques of 18th-century counterpoint. the most influential theoretical paradigm yet Imitative and non-imitative counterpoint in developed for the analysis of tonal music, the two voices, leading to the composition of course will explore both the theory and its binary-form suite movements and two-voice associated graphic notation as applied to signif- inventions. Complementary work in analysis. icant works of tonal music from Bach to Brahms. 3 units (1/2 credit). 6 units. Prerequisite: MUTH 301 Prerequisite: MUTH 301 or consent of instructor Offered in 2003-04 and alternate years thereafter

MUTH 402 MUTH 190, 390, 590, 690 Counterpoint II Tutorial Studies A continuation of MUTH 401. Imitative Variable credit. counterpoint in three and four voices, leading to the composition of a four-voice fugue. MUTH 195, 395, 595, 695 Academic Internship Complementary work in analysis. 3 units. An experience-based project in music developed Prerequisite: MUTH 401 in consultation with a designated supervisor Offered in 2003-04 and alternate years thereafter and a conservatory faculty member, comprising a work component and an academic component. MUTH 411 The academic component of the internship, Orchestration I carried out under the supervision of the faculty A study of the orchestral instruments, their member, may include readings related to the capabilities, appropriate notation for each, and substance of the internship, discussions with the scoring for various small ensembles. 3 units. faculty member, and a written report or other Prerequisite: MUTH 252 culminating project appropriate to the discipline. Offered in 2002-03 and alternate years thereafter A proposal must be submitted to the Conservatory Committee on Administration MUTH 412 by the end of the fifth week of the term before Orchestration II the start of the internship. Variable credit. A continuation of MUTH 411, examining the historical development of the orchestra. An MUTH 199, 399, 599, 699 arrangement or composition for full orchestra Independent Study required as final project. 3 units. Students considering an honors project should register for independent study for one or more Offered in 2002-03 and alternate years thereafter terms (see “Honors at Graduation,” Page 303). Variable credit. MUTH 510

262 CoNSERVAToRy oF MUSIC

Recent tutorial topics in music Italian Renaissance Madrigals Study of ojibwe Music Vocal Pedagogy Music of Libby Larsen Advanced String Pedagogy Amistad in Chicago Jazz Theory Gustav Mahler Beethoven Symphonies Drum Set Pedagogy Advanced Horn Literature Mozart operas Pulcinella Baroque Vocal ornamentation Nadia Boulanger Tuba Pedagogy Music of Ghana and Brazil Essential Trombone orchestral Repertoire Women in Music Audition Studies

263 Student-Initiated Courses and Programs Tutorials Honors projects

A tutorial is a course of study undertaken by Honors projects are coherent programs of an individual student or small group of students independent work carried on by students, under the close supervision of a faculty member. usually in their senior year, on subjects or According to arrangements specific to individual problems of more than ordinary difficulty in departments and interdisciplinary areas, students areas that they have studied in considerable enrolling in tutorials explore in depth subjects depth, usually in their majors or closely related of particular interest. Tutorial studies feature areas. Honors projects normally are supervised wide reading, individual experimentation, and by faculty advisors in appropriate departments oral and written reports, as well as regular and may culminate in written theses based on confer ences with the supervising faculty extensive individual research or in pieces of members. Tutorials are an important supplement original work in the creative or performing to regular course offer ings, especially during arts accompanied by written presentations. the junior and senior years. All tutorials must An examining committee evaluates the results be titled. of each project, conducts an oral examination To illustrate the variety and scope of of the honors candidate, and considers what tutorial studies, many academic departments constitutes the appropriate level of honors in have listed a number of recent tutorial topics view of the strengths and weaknesses of both at the end of their departmental listings in the the thesis and the oral defense. The Committee “Courses of Study” section of this catalog. on Honors reviews the reports of all such examining committees and submits its recommendations for Honors in Independent Independent study Study to the faculty for final approval. Since honors projects frequently comple- Independent study varies from discipline ment students’ work in their majors, they to discipline in its composition and in the should discuss the opportunities for independent relationship between the student and faculty study with faculty members in their fields of member. However, certain criteria may be concentration as early as possible in order to applied to all. At the outset, the student and begin laying appropriate foundations in courses, faculty member should define a clear goal, tutorial work, and summer reading. In some one to which they both subscribe. A student is fields, tutorials or courses in research methods entitled to know a faculty member’s expectations can lead to the formulation of suitable thesis for independent study, and a faculty member is topics and methods of attack, while in other entitled to expect a student’s diligent compliance fields topics may stem from unanswered prob- with the procedures mutually agreed upon when lems in regular courses, from students’ own the project began. interests, or from teachers’ suggestions. But For independent study lasting more than whatever the field, students ought to keep in one term, the student and faculty member mind the possibility of doing honors projects should discuss and assess progress at the end as they plan their programs, especially in the of each term. If either party concludes that junior year, or earlier if they will be off-campus it would not be beneficial for the student to at that time. continue the project, the student may be assigned Students who need time or faculty a grade for completed or additionally assigned guidance to undertake an honors project may work and not be required to enroll for the next register for Independent Study, a course open term. to any senior with the consent of the depart- Independent study can also designate ment concerned. Although normally taken for advanced work taken for credit by a student one unit of credit during each of two or three who plans to submit an honors project.

265 STudenT-InITIATed CourSeS consecutive terms, this course may be elected unless the committee has received such a for a shorter or longer period, or for two units statement of intent; however, statements do not in a single term, if special circumstances require obligate such students to submit theses. such flexibility. Students receive grades for Sufficient copies of the completed thesis, their work in Independent Study from their one for each member of the examining faculty advisors whether or not that work committee including the Committee on Honors results in a thesis submitted for honors. Students representative, are to be submitted to the do not have to take this course, however, in Committee on Honors at a place and by a date order to submit an honors project. and hour designated each year, usually falling The faculty has authorized all departments within the first few days of May. Students who to exempt students who expect to complete find themselves unable to meet this deadline honors projects from part or all of the depart- may petition the Committee on Honors for mental examination, but since the policies in extensions, but they must do so well in advance this regard vary among the departments, the of the deadline. The committee usually approves Committee on Honors suggests that students such petitions only when circumstances beyond who are seriously thinking about honors projects the candidate’s control have arisen. seek specific information from their departments At this point, the honors thesis advisor, in about current practices concerning departmental consultation with the student, arranges for an examinations. oral examination of the thesis. results of the Jointly written projects or theses under- examination must be reported to the Comm- taken jointly may be submitted for Honors in ittee on Honors prior to its last meeting. Independent Study. The work involved in Although the Committee on Honors tries such cases, however, must be equitably shared to keep its procedures as simple as possible, the and demonstrate benefits clearly resulting from extreme diversity of projects submitted for the merger of the authors’ different skills and honors makes necessary certain clarifications knowledge. Students considering joint projects and interpretations of the basic guidelines. or theses must obtain the consent of their Some statements concerning special types of faculty independent studies advisors and the projects and further details about the commit- Committee on Honors well in advance of tee’s procedures are included here for reference such endeavors. by both faculty members and students.

Procedures and guidelines The honors thesis To apply for Honors in Independent Study, The thesis need not be of any special form or students must send to the Committee on length, provided that its form is appropriate to Honors statements of their intentions to the discipline to which it belongs. Students’ submit a thesis in candidacy for honors. advisors are responsible for providing guidance These statements should include the Appleton in regard to format and the conventions of addresses of the students, the topics of inde- scholarly documentation pertinent to their pendent study, and both students’ signatures disciplines. nevertheless, since all accepted and those of the faculty advisors. The final theses are permanently retained in the date for receipt of such statements of intent is Lawrence university library, their external announced each fall in a notice to all seniors; form also is subject to a few standardized normally it falls in the first week of Term III. regulations suggested by the librarians and If students expect to complete their projects endorsed by the Committee on Honors. The during Terms I or II, they must submit their chair of the committee may be consulted statements of intent at least three weeks before about these regulations. the anticipated date for submission of their even though the committee permits theses. no thesis will be considered for honors candidates for honors to correct typographical

266 STudenT-InITIATed CourSeS errors or to make such other minor corrections Projects involving testing of hypotheses as their examiners may require, it emphasizes one important purpose of honors projects is that theses must be in final form when they to provide opportunities for professionals to are submitted early in May. Candidates must evaluate students’ knowledge of an area, their assume responsibility for accurate proofreading skill in employing that knowledge in experi- and checking of all quotations and references. mentation, and their care and cleverness in Frequent misspellings, faulty punctuation or approaching the task of testing their hypotheses. syntax, omitted references, or stylistic incoher- Thus, if a project allows these evaluations to be ence will disqualify projects despite the intrinsic made, it should be considered for honors merit they may otherwise exhibit. despite the vicissitudes of fortune that may attend the project. In particular, the failure to The examining committee obtain significant positive results when testing The advisor, in consultation with the student an hypothesis or a network of hypotheses and with the assent of the Committee on ought not to disqualify a candidate from Honors, appoints an examining committee achieving honors, provided that those profes- consisting of at least three voting faculty mem- sionally competent in the area agree that this bers, one of whom must be from outside the failure was not due to a lack of care, to a lack student’s department; the advisor acts as one of skill or knowledge in the field, or to a lack of the three voting members. In addition, the of competence in techniques of experimental Committee on Honors assigns a faculty repre- design. sentative to act as the non-voting moderator Mere diligence, on the other hand, is not during the examination. At the discretion of a sufficient ground for the awarding of honors. the advisor, after consultation with the student, Students whose projects have not achieved another Lawrence faculty member or an out- their expected results should give the best side expert who is uniquely qualified to shed accounts they can of the ways in which they insight into the quality of the project may also probed for additional operative variables that attend the examination. These individuals may were uncontrolled in their previous experi- not take part in the decision-making process. ments, of the reasons why the failures could not have been anticipated by skillful experi- Projects in the arts menters in the crucial beginning stages, and of their careful attempts to locate the difficulties. Students interested in submitting an exhibition, performance, or work of art, music, theatre, or Professional evaluations imaginative literature as an honors project must follow the normal procedures for honors The Committee on Honors avoids substituting work outlined above and must be willing to its opinion for that of professionals on matters engage in a discussion of their work. A written requiring professional competence for their commentary — as prefatory essay, foreword, evaluation. nevertheless, the committee is of introduction, afterward, postscript, or critical the firm opinion that the evaluation of honors review — must accompany any such creative candidates can and should be made independent work. In a manner appropriate to genre, form, of questions regarding whether a respected and medium, it should treat the normal con- professional journal would publish a particular cerns of an intelligent and sensitive audience: thesis. In other words, Honors in Independent aims and techniques, the limitations of the Study is not limited to students whose work medium, formal and stylistic precedents, and would compete successfully with that of their acknowledged predecessors. professors for publication in professional journals.

267 STudenT-InITIATed CourSeS

Criteria for Honors in Magna Cum Laude Independent Study Honors with great distinction The following criteria are used in evaluating In addition to fulfilling the criteria described all Honors in Independent Study projects: above, the project must fulfill all of the following criteria: Cum Laude a. each of the three components of the project Honors with distinction (the work, the written exposition, and the To achieve honors, the project must fulfill all oral examination) demonstrates a level of of the following criteria: mastery of, and facility with, relevant previ- a. each of the three components of the project ous work, underlying principles, and central (the work, the written exposition, and the concepts or theories of which few under- oral examination) demonstrates a substantial graduates are capable, as well as a solid grasp knowledge of, and facility with, previous of related but peripheral material. work, underlying principles, and central b. The thesis, interpretation, analysis, synthesis, concepts or theories in areas relevant to the pedagogical exposition, or creative endeavor project. encompassed by the project demonstrates b. The paper must clearly show that the stu- unusual and substantial creativity, conceptual dent has established an original thesis or innovation, or theoretical sophistication hypothesis, an original interpretation or (i.e., an unusual degree of independence analysis, a substantial and original synthesis of thought) on the part of the student. or innovative pedagogical exposition of a c. The framing of the original material in the sophisticated body of established work or project within the context of established has created a new work of art. In other work or relevant traditions is remarkably words, the student must demonstrate that sophisticated, revealing a sensitive and the project does not merely replicate, review, advanced understanding of the relationship paraphrase, or compile previous work by between the student’s contribution and others. established traditions or theories. The paper c. The paper appropriately frames the original contains almost no grammatical or typo- material in the project within the context of graphical flaws and is particularly well- established work or relevant traditions in the written, lucid, and compelling. discipline, provides documentation (e.g., d. The work itself is of outstanding quality. bibliographic citations, tables and figures, The project has been carried out with a illustrations) appropriate to the discipline, degree of technical competence, diligence, contains few and relatively minor grammati- and independence of which few undergrad- cal or typographical flaws, is clear, well- uates are capable. organized, and stylistically sound. e. The oral examination reaffirms the out- d. The work itself is of very high quality. standing quality of the work. The student is The project has been carried out compe- able to give complete, clear, well-organized, tently, diligently, independently, and in a and satisfying responses to the examiners’ manner that fulfills the basic standards of questions without the need for much guid- the discipline. ance or prompting from the examiners. e. The oral examination reaffirms the high quality of the work, the originality of the Summa Cum Laude contribution, and the student’s facility with Honors with highest distinction relevant principles, concepts, and back- This level of honors is rarely achieved and is ground material. reserved for those instances in which all three components of the project (the work, the

268 STudenT-InITIATed CourSeS paper, and the oral examination) demonstrate Writing for credit a superlative level of excellence. In addition to fulfilling the criteria described above, the Students may write for credit (with permission project must fulfill all of the following criteria: of the instructor) in any course in the curricu- a. each of the components of the project (the lum except tutorials or independent study. work, the written exposition, and the oral They should consult the instructor for permis- examination) not only demonstrates an sion to write for credit; the instructor will then exceptional level of mastery of, and facility specify a program and schedule of reading, with, relevant previous work, underlying examina tions, and papers. principles, and central concepts or theories To register, a student must supply the but also a sophisticated and original critical registrar with a memorandum containing the perspective on this material (i.e., the student name of the course and the signatures of the possesses informed opinions about the student’s advisor and the instructor of the strengths and weaknesses of previous work, course. The work must be completed in one theories, and traditions in the area). The year. Courses do not become part of a student not only intimately understands student’s record until the instructor reports relevant background material but also has that the required work has been satisfactorily the ability to view this material critically completed. The letter grade will be recorded in a wider intellectual context. for the term in which the grade is reported. b. The thesis, interpretation, analysis, synthesis, Students who have opted for billing by pedagogical exposition, or creative endeavor the course under the incremental fee plan (see encompassed by the project demonstrates a Tuition, Fees, and refunds, page 308) will be superlative level of creativity, conceptual charged for the credit earned by writing for innovation, or theoretical sophistication on credit and reported that term. the part of the student. c. The framing of the original material in the project within the context of established Student-designed courses work or relevant traditions is elegant and subtle, revealing a rare and exceedingly Students may design and execute their own advanced understanding of how the student’s courses in areas and subjects not normally part project represents a significant contribution of the Lawrence curriculum but appropriate to established traditions or theories. The to a liberal arts education. A student-designed paper is not only technically flawless (or course should address a topic or topics in virtually flawless) but is exceedingly well- which students proposing the course have written, compelling, and engaging. experience or expertise. The course may pursue, d. The work itself exceeds all expectations. The in depth, some topic that grows out of an project has been carried out with a superla- existing course. It may link the perspectives tive level of technical competence, sophisti- of two or more disciplines in the solution of cation, diligence, and independence. some problem. or, it may satisfy students’ e. The oral examination reaffirms that the intellectual interests in other ways. work is a rare achievement that makes an Students must have attained at least original and sophisticated contribution. sophomore standing to participate in a student- The student is able to give extraordinarily designed course. To initiate a course, at least complete and persuasive responses to the three students submit a prospectus containing examiners’ questions without the need for statements on the subject matter, format, reading guidance or prompting from the examiners. list, and formal requirements (papers, reports, exams, etc.) to a faculty member who will either enroll in the course as an informal

269 STudenT-InITIATed CourSeS member or agree to act as an advisor for the 1. The student elects a general topical area and course. upon the faculty member’s approval, identifies a member of the faculty who is the prospectus is submitted to the Curriculum willing to act as advisor. Committee for its review and decision at least 2. With the advisor, the student develops a eight weeks before the end of the term prior statement on the planned major. The state- to the term in which the course is to be offered. ment indicates (a) how the major will serve The committee encourages early applica- the objectives of an area of concentration; tions so that the sponsoring students will have (b) what educational or other objectives the an opportunity to adjust their proposal to any student seeks to meet; and (c) the courses of the concerns and criticisms voiced by the that have been taken or will be taken that committee upon its preliminary review. Grades would fit into the major. In the statement, are assigned by the participating faculty member the student and the advisor have the respon- or faculty advisor on a Satisfactory/unsatisfactory sibility to show that the proposed objectives basis. can best be satisfied outside established In reviewing applications, the Curriculum programs of study. Committee pays particular attention to: 3. The advisor and the student invite two 1. evidence of competence and expertise in other members of the faculty to serve as the the students or the faculty advisor sufficient student’s advisory panel for the major. The to assure adequate guidance and leadership panel is responsible for overseeing the pro- in the course, gram and for reviewing minor changes — 2. evidence of careful forethought and e.g., in course selections, topics for an planning of a course of study that can be honors paper, etc. one member of the panel realistically accomplished within a ten-week should be designated as an alternate advisor period, and in case the principal advisor goes on leave 3. evidence that the course fits appropriately or teaches at an overseas campus that the within a liberal arts education. student does not attend. Completed applications must be submitted 4. The student submits the statement of the to the dean of the faculty, who chairs the proposed major, endorsed by the faculty Curriculum Committee. Interested students advisor and members of the panel, and a may contact the dean of the faculty or dean transcript to the Committee on Instruction of student academic services for information before the end of Term I of the student’s and guidance. junior year. Students wishing an extension to this deadline should contact the chair of the Committee on Instruction, who is the Student-designed majors associate dean of the faculty. Faculty members who endorse the statement accept Student-designed majors provide an opportunity responsibility for supervising the major if it for students to develop areas of concentration receives committee approval. outside estab lished programs for interdisciplinary 5. The Committee on Instruction takes action or departmental majors. Like all majors, those on the proposed major and communicates that are student-designed should meet the its action to the registrar, the student, the following objectives: greater knowledge of the faculty advisor, and members of the panel. field under study; increased methodological Application forms for student-designed majors sophistication; and the integration of some- may be obtained from the offices of the dean times disparate, but related, areas of study that of the faculty, dean of student academic services, fall within the proposed major. and registrar and from the Main Hall, Briggs The procedure for establishing a student- Hall, conservatory, and art center faculty offices. designed major is relatively simple:

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Student-designed internships. These internship courses are listed in this catalog under departmental offerings, interdisciplinary areas and they are offered at differing levels of the curriculum. Where no departmental internship Student-designed interdisciplinary areas are exists, student-designed internships may be initiated by an individual student or a small proposed to the Committee on Instruction. group of students with the advice of at least Proposals must be submitted to the Committee two faculty members. The initiator or initiators on Instruction by the end of the fifth week of develop, with their advisors, a statement on the the term before the start of the internship. planned interdisciplinary area, which will Students may take a maximum of 12 indicate the objectives of the interdisciplinary units of academic internship in fulfillment of area and the suggested and required courses. their major, minor, or graduation requirements. The student-designed interdisciplinary Academic internships require prior approval by area is subject to the approval of the the relevant academic department (in cases Committee on Instruction, which will where a departmental internship is available) or communicate its decision to the students, their by a faculty supervisor/academic department and advisers, and the registrar. The student-designed the Committee on Instruction (in cases where interdisciplinary area will be identified at the a departmental internship is not available). time of the student’s selection of a major or Academic internships may be paid or unpaid. any time thereafter, on the condition that the Students enrolled in academic internships student will be able to fulfill the proposed engage in work or service experiences with area’s course requirements. The student is still intentional learning objectives that promote expected to complete a formal major (see reflection throughout the experience and that page 299). relate to their academic interests. Approved site and faculty supervisors work closely with the Academic internships students and provide evaluations of the students’ activities at the end of the internship. Lawrence recognizes that a student’s education The academic component of the intern- can be enhanced by the combination of aca- ship includes readings related to the substance demic and experience-based learning. of the internship, discussions with the faculty Academic internships provide students an supervisor, and a written report appropriate to opportunity to apply what they have learned the discipline. Course grades are based on this in the classroom and to bring back to the class- academic work. room an enriched perspective on their learn- Application forms for student-designed ing. academic internships may be obtained from Where academic departments find that the offices of the dean of the faculty, the dean the interaction of academic pursuits and work of student academic services, the registrar, the experience is both appropriate to their relevant Career Center, Main Hall, Briggs Hall, disciplines and feasible in terms of available the Conservatory, and the Art Center. work experiences, they normally offer academic Please see page 276 for information on the Career Center and internships.

271 Learning Experiences Outside the Classroom Student programs In creating and developing the seminars at Björklunden, Lawrence seeks to provide a at Björklunden different kind of educational experience, one in which participants are encouraged to leave Lawrence University’s northern campus, old assumptions behind and the barriers of Börklunden vid Sjön, is located in Door County, class, rank, and status are removed in order for Wisconsin, on the eastern side of the peninsula students and faculty members to learn mean- that forms the Bay of Green Bay. Björklunden ingfully from each other. As President Richard (pronounced Bee-york´-lun-den), whose name Warch has observed, a fundamental purpose means Birch Forest by the Water, is a 425-acre of the Björklunden weekends is “to confront estate graced by woods, meadows, and more than ourselves and others on a personal scale, one a mile of unspoiled Lake Michigan shoreline. that is and will be in sharp contrast to the Winifred and Donald Boynton bequeathed anonymity of mass culture.” the property to Lawrence in 1963 with the Lawrence invites each student to experi- understanding that it would be preserved in a ence Björklunden and be changed. That is a way that would ensure its legacy as a place of powerful expectation, but those who have serenity and contemplation. been to a seminar at Björklunden will testify The Boyntons’ summer residence became to its fulfillment. As a place of refuge and peace, Björklunden’s main lodge. A fire in 1993 where spiritual values and aesthetic sensibilities destroyed the original structure, but it has since can be explored, Björklunden provides a unique been replaced by an impressive 17,190-square- setting for personal growth. foot, two-story seminar and conference center first used in the summer of 1996 and now Typical Björklunden seminars available to students, faculty members, and staff year-round. The following are representative of the variety In addition to the new main building, the of topics considered on Björklunden weekends: Björklunden estate also includes a small wooden Anthropology chapel built in 15th-century Norwegian stavkirke Archaeology (field work) style, handcrafted by the Boyntons between 1939 Astronomy (observations) and 1947. Beethoven Biology (field work) Weekend Student Seminars Chamber music Choral music Throughout the academic year, groups of Ecology (field work) Lawrence students and faculty members travel Gender studies to Björklunden for weekend seminars and Improvisational chamber music retreats. Student seminars provide the opportunity India to explore exciting themes and issues, along Language immersion weekends in with the time and the environment in which Chinese, French, German, Russian, and to embrace those ideas and their consequences. Spanish The power of a Björklunden weekend Leadership training weekends for honorary lies in the connection between thought and societies, campus organizations, student reflection. Making that connection fulfills one government agencies, and others ideal of a liberal education. Model United Nations Björklunden weekends are distinctive Nature and landscape drawing and highly memorable integrative experiences. Physics Seminar topics are wide-ranging, and students Piano have the opportunity for intensive inquiry and Psychology discussion with faculty members and among Student teaching themselves in an informal, intimate setting. Trumpet 273 LEARNING ExPERIENCES OUTSIDE ThE CLASSROOM

Speakers and other ies program at the College of St. Catherine examining “Oprah’s Reading Revolution,” and campus visitors the consul general of France in Chicago Convocations discussing differences between the American and French models of globalization. Five all-college convocations are scheduled The Science Hall Colloquium is a series each year, beginning with the Matriculation of cross-disciplinary lectures that address Convocation, at which the president speaks, research developments in diverse areas of the and ending with an honors Convocation at natural and physical sciences. Typical offerings which the academic and extra-curricular have included a researcher with the Meteoro- achievements of students are given special rec- logical Service of Canada speaking on societal ognition. vulnerabilities as a result of fluctuations in The faculty Committee on Public Great Lakes water levels; a Time magazine Occasions invites individuals of high science writer discussing the latest evidence accomplishment and profound insight to and newest discoveries related to possible address members of the college and Fox Valley extraterrestrial life; a harvard astrophysicist communities on topics of broad interest. examining the global-warming effects of Convocation visitors have included authors carbon dioxide on the upper atmosphere, a cell John Updike, Gwendolyn Brooks, Frank biologist from the University of Pennsylvania McCourt, Maya Angelou, Joyce Carol Oates, Medical School speaking on transgenic tech- Edward hirsch, and Isabel Allende; journalists nology and gene therapy; and a University of David halberstam and Richard Rodriguez; Northern Illinois physics professor and interna- public intellectuals henry Louis Gates Jr. and tional authority on musical acoustics examin- Cornel West; historians Arthur Schlesinger, ing the acoustics of drums. Michael Beschloss, and James McPherson; The Recent Advances in Biology activists harry Wu, Fay Wattleson, and Lech lecture series, sponsored by the biology depart- Walesa; public officials Richard holbrooke and ment, is a biweekly program that addresses George Mitchell; and scientists Dudley issues and advances in biological research. Talks herschbach, Brian Greene, and Robert Ballard. by Lawrence faculty members and scientists Convocations are held on Tuesdays or from other universities expose students to the Thursdays at the 11:10 a.m. hour, which is latest discoveries in a wide range of biological reserved for that purpose. disciplines. Seminars in recent years have included “Wiring the Brain: how Growth Lecture series Factors Sculpt the Architecture of Developing Throughout the academic year, Lawrence Neurons,” by a 1989 Lawrence graduate, now offers a wide variety of lectures, symposia, a visiting assistant professor of biology at and colloquia. Bowdoin College, and “Urban Deer The Main Hall Forum series sponsors Populations: Are We Coping or Groping?” by a wide range of lectures by Lawrence faculty the director of the Associated Colleges of the and distinguished academic guests speaking Midwest Wilderness Field Station. on historical and contemporary issues and The Fine Arts Colloquium presents presenting recent scholarship in the humanities lectures during the academic year that touch and social sciences. on topics related to art, art history, and theatre — Recent Main hall Forum topics have for example, a Lawrence alumna and doctoral included a member of the Lawrence French candidate in art history presenting an analysis department speaking on “Contemporary of Le Trajet, a painting by early-20th-century African Cinema and the Postcolonial artist Romaine Brooks. Condition,” the director of the women’s stud- Over the years, gifts from alumni and

274 LEARNING ExPERIENCES OUTSIDE ThE CLASSROOM other friends of Lawrence have made funds Synaesthesia, an exhibition of installation art available to support events of special interest, relating to the five senses; and a show called such as 2001-02’s six-part “Debating American Painting from the Tweed Museum of Art, Globalization: Politics, Economics and opened by a gallery talk by the director of the Culture,” a lecture series that examined the Tweed Museum at the University of impact and influence of globalization on the Minnesota-Duluth and highlighted by a media, the environment, business and even hands-on workshop, “So You Want to Paint terrorism. Sponsored by the Mojmir Povolny Like an Impressionist?” Lectureship in International Studies, which Guest directors, designers, and theatrical promotes discussion on issues of moral signifi- technicians are often brought to campus to cance and ethical dimension, “Debating assist in productions of the Department of Globalism” brought to campus scholars from Theatre and Drama and the Opera Theatre, Princeton and Georgetown Universities, a teaching by example the fine points of theatrical Lawrence alumnus who is editor of the Scripps technique. howard News Service, and an assistant secre- A five-member theatre troupe called tary general of the United Nations. Actors from the London Stage has made one- Other speaking opportunities include week visits to Lawrence nine times over the the Marguerite Schumann, ’44, Memorial past 17 years to perform for campus audiences Lectureship, which sponsors speakers on topics and to work with students, delivering lectures that were of special interest to Ms. Schumann, and staging workshops ranging from music such as history, music, and writing, and the education to advanced acting techniques. Each recently inaugurated Mia T. Paul Poetry Fund section of the Freshman Studies course has a Lectures, which brought acclaimed poet and special session of readings and exercises with scholar Edward hirsch to campus for a poetry one of the actors. reading and discussion in the fall of 2000. The Stephen Edward Scarff Visiting artists Memorial Visiting Professorship Each year, musicians of international stature The Scarff professorial chair, a one-year visit- visit Lawrence to appear in public concert ing appointment, allows the college to bring or recital and to conduct master classes for to campus distinguished public servants, conservatory students. professional leaders, and scholars to provide Musical visitors have included Emanuel broad perspectives on the central issues of the Ax, piano; Kathleen Battle, soprano; Joshua day. Scarff professors teach courses, offer numer- Bell, violin; the Guarneri String Quartet; ous public lectures, and collaborate with students Charlie haden, jazz bass; Marilyn horne, mez- and faculty members in research and scholarship. zo-soprano; Yo-Yo Ma, cello; Wynton Marsalis, See page 154 for descriptions of courses in jazz trumpet; Bobby McFerrin, jazz vocalist; the government department taught by Scarff and Pinchas Zuckerman, violin, viola, and professors. conductor. Mr. and Mrs. Edward L. Scarff created the Gallery talks and experts’ lectures are an professorship in 1989, in memory of their son, integral part of art exhibitions presented in the Stephen, a 1975 Lawrence graduate. Wriston Art Center Galleries. Examples Recent Scarff visiting professors have include a guest professor speaking on included William Sloane Coffin, Jr., civil rights “Regional Diversity of Indian Textiles” in and peace activist; David Swartz, first U.S. connection with an exhibition titled Temple ambassador to the Republic of Belarus in the and Village: Patterns and Prints of India; a panel former Soviet Union; G. Jonathan Greenwald, discussion by four artists represented in former United States minister-counselor to

275 LEARNING ExPERIENCES OUTSIDE ThE CLASSROOM the European Union, Takakazu Kuriyama, for- art exhibitions and conducting tours for the mer Japanese ambassador to the United States, Metropolitan Museum of Art. and Charles Ahlgren, a 30-year veteran of the Other internship sites have included Wall U.S. Foreign Service with a speciality in eco- Street financial-service firms, domestic nomic affairs. violence shelters, marine biology research laboratories, the Wisconsin State historical Society, the United States Congress, and the The Career Center Smithsonian Institution, among many others. and Internships The internship coordinator, a member of the Career Center staff, is available to assist Internships are carefully supervised learning students with the internship process from experiences in a work or service setting. beginning to end, with the goal of supporting Different than short-term jobs or volunteer the student’s career objectives. experiences, internships are deliberately To assist students in their search for an designed by the intern in order to explore his internship, the Career Center maintains an or her career area of interest. Interns bring a active database of internship listings, books of carefully considered learning agenda with national internship listings, and directories for intentional learning objectives to the intern- locating potential internship sites. The internship and reflect actively on their experience. ship coordinator is also available to assist Recent internship projects have involved students in identifying potential occupations writing business plans for a growing non-profit they would like to explore in an internship. organization in the Fox Valley, rehabilitating For a detailed description of academic songbirds and raptors native to Wisconsin, internships, see page 271. learning the ropes of an innovative musical theatre in downtown Chicago, and researching

276 Off-Campus Programs Off-campus programs plus a nominal administrative fee of $200. In the case of Lawrence-sponsored programs, In 1970, the Lawrence faculty passed a resolution students are charged Lawrence tuition and a encouraging students to spend “one term in a program fee to cover fixed in-country costs. setting other than the Lawrence campus, Students should make certain they consider Appleton, or their homes.” Many Lawrence out-of-pocket expenses when deciding wheth- students respond to the faculty’s encouragement er or not they can afford a given program. by undertaking a domestic or international Comprehensive cost estimates for all of the off-campus study program. programs listed in this catalog are available Off-campus study substantially enriches from the off-campus programs office in the education of students, providing an oppor- International House. tunity to interrogate what has been learned in Lawrence’s policy is to support one off- the classroom in Appleton, to seek new fields campus study program for those students who of inquiry, to gain independence and self- elect to study off-campus. The only excep- confidence, and, in many cases, to encounter tions to this policy involve the London Center, different social and cultural perspectives. the Francophone Seminar, and the Marine Each Lawrence-sponsored or -affiliated Biology Term, each of which may be com- off-campus program has a faculty advisor who bined with study on a second program. can serve as an informational resource for that Students may also elect to participate on a non- program. It is strongly recommended, however, affiliated off-campus program and seek transfer that students first make an appointment with credit for that experience. However, Lawrence the director of international and off-campus scholarships, grants, and loans may not be programs to explore the full range of off-campus applied to the program costs associated with study opportunity, as well as to discuss the those programs. Lawrence off-campus study proposal process. In order to effectively budget for the institutional costs associated with off-campus study, Policies and procedures for Lawrence also establishes an annual cap on the off-campus study number of students who may participate on Participation on an off-campus program requires affiliated programs. approval by the Lawrence Subcommittee on Off-Campus Study and, in the case of affiliated Evaluation criteria for participation on an programs, acceptance by the program sponsor. off-campus program Students must apply using the Lawrence Off- 1. The student meets all Lawrence eligibility Campus Study Proposal. Each year the proposal requirements for off-campus study. A student deadline for all programs for the upcoming is ineligible for off-campus study in the follow- summer and following academic year is in ing cases: early February. • if she or he will not achieve sophomore Lawrence approval is granted only if the status prior to participation on the off- student is adequately prepared both personally campus program; and academically for the program and if the • if she or he is on academic probation the program coherently fits the student’s academic term preceding off-campus study; plan. The specific evaluation criteria are listed • if she or he is on disciplinary probation the below. term preceding off-campus study; and/or In an effort to promote off-campus study, • if she or he has a demonstrated history of Lawrence allows students to apply most of behavioral issues inappropriate for off-campus their financial aid to Lawrence-sponsored or study. -affiliated off-campus programs. In the case of 2. The student’s record shows evidence affiliated programs, Lawrence also charges only of college-level preparation and academic the direct costs billed by the program sponsor achievement (e.g., relevant coursework, GPA)

278 OFF-CAMPuS PrOGrAMS appropriate to the proposed program. 3. The proposed program represents a well- U.S. State Department Travel Warnings defined continuation of the student’s Lawrence Lawrence reserves the right to withdraw its education. In the case of upperclass students, approval for study on a Lawrence-affiliated particular attention is given to the program’s program if there is a u.S. State Department curricular relevance to the declared major and/ Travel Warning in place for the host country or minor program(s). This may include, but is at the start of the program. The withdrawal of not limited to: approval would bar a student from receiving • opportunities to apply, extend, and/or develop Lawrence credit for the program and from specific disciplinary skills in a different applying financial aid to the program costs. academic, cultural, or linguistic context; In order to make certain that a student • opportunities to pursue specific independent may make an informed decision regarding research; and/or participation on a program, the issue of potential • opportunities to apply, extend, and/or develop loss of Lawrence approval will be brought to other kinds of on-campus learning in a dif- the student’s attention as far in advance of the ferent academic, cultural, or linguistic context. program start date as is feasible. 4. In situations where Lawrence limits participation, qualified students proposing their first off-campus program will be given priority United States programs over qualified students proposing participation on an additional program. Arizona Biosphere 2: Earth Semester Mandatory health insurance coverage Program advisor: Ms. Bjørnerud Every student participating on a Lawrence- The Earth Semester provides students interested sponsored or -affiliated international off-campus in environmental science, conservation, and/or program is required to carry the Lawrence environmental policy an opportunity to study university medical and evacuation insurance at Columbia university’s Biosphere 2 Center policy administered by Cultural Insurance in Arizona, a 204,000-cubic-meter glass and Services International. The fee for this cover- space-frame enclosure that houses six of the age is charged to the student account along earth’s ecosystems in miniature. with the program fees. The academic program consists of several It is presumed that this coverage is in interdisciplinary modules, with each module addition to whatever medical insurance taking a different perspective on the environ- coverage the student already holds and has thus mental issues confronting the planet. The been factored into the comprehensive cost semester culminates with each student pursuing estimates for the international off-campus an independent research project under the study programs. guidance of Biosphere 2 staff and faculty. The insurance coverage starts one week Classroom activities also include field trips to before the program start date and extends one surrounding sites such as the Grand Canyon, week beyond the program end date, to allow the Sea of Cortes, and the Petrified Forest. time for travel to and from the program. As this The program is offered for a summer coverage is valid only outside the united States, term (Earth Systems Field School), fall semester, all students are strongly encouraged to maintain or spring semester. For more information: their health insurance coverage in the united http://www.bio2.edu/education/edu_earth.htm States in the event of their unexpected return due to a medical emergency.

279 OFF-CAMPuS PrOGrAMS

provides the setting and resources for this fall Arizona semester ACM program, which is a wonderful Biosphere 2: Universe Semester introduction to the art of pursuing original Program advisor: Mr. Stoneking research. Students in the fall semester program The universe Semester provides students attend interdisciplinary seminars taught by interested in astronomy and astrophysics an visiting professors and have the opportunity opportunity to pursue coursework from a to work with resident scholars and library staff variety of subjects, both at the elementary and to research and write a major research paper advanced levels. The program stresses observa- based on the Newberry’s broad collections in tional work, and all students pursue independent the humanities. research under the guidance of staff and faculty The program is offered for a fall semester. from Columbia university’s Biosphere 2 Center. One-month programs are also offered during Students have a fleet of telescopes and winter and spring terms. For more information: electronic detectors at their disposal, and they http://www.acm.edu/newberry/ may also access the professional research telescopes at the National Optical Astronomical Chicago Observatory at Kitt Peak if their research Urban Education requires it. Field trips to the university of Program advisor: Mr. Purkey Arizona mirror lab and Lowell Observatory The ACM urban Education Program offers are included. semester student teaching internships and The program is offered for a fall semester a summer sequence of courses leading to or spring semester. For more information: Bilingual or English as a Second Language http://www.bio2.edu/education/ edu_uni- (ESL) certification. Seminars focus on the verse.htm social, political, and economic factors that influence educational systems, as well as the Chicago impact of schools on students, teachers, and Chicago Arts Program: Internships, communities. Coaching and supervision Seminars, Workshops emphasize collaborative approaches for Program advisor: Ms. Privatt developing effective teaching strategies. The ACM Chicago Arts Program is a semester Placements are made in public, private, of urban art immersion during which students or alternative schools, and students can work explore the arts through practical, creative, and in traditional or progressive, city or suburban, scholarly activity. Students meet and work with multilingual or monolingual, regular or special local artists and arts professionals through their education, magnet or neighborhood schools. supervised internships, independent study The program is offered for a fall semester projects, and two core courses: Negotiating or spring semester. For more information: Chicago’s Artworld and an elective studio-based http://www.acm.edu/uep/ special topics workshop. In addition, students attend a wide range of cultural events during Chicago the semester. Urban Studies The program is offered for a fall semester Program advisor: Ms. Hemwall or spring semester. For more information: The ACM urban Studies Program immerses http://www.acm.edu/cap/ students in the life of Chicago, exploring both the historical and current forces that define Chicago urban life. Students engage the dynamics of Newberry Seminar in the Humanities a modern city through the lens of academic Program advisor: Mr. Cohen concepts introduced in the core course and One of America's great research libraries thematic seminar. All students pursue a supervised internship and an independent study

280 OFF-CAMPuS PrOGrAMS project. The urban Studies Program seeks to Woods Hole, Massachusetts develop the skills necessary for effective leader- Semester in Environmental Science ship in civic and political life by exposing Program advisor: Mr. Clark students to effective models of action in light The Semester in Environmental Science is of the realities of urban America. offered by the world-renowned Ecosystems The program is offered for a fall semester Center of the Marine Biological Laboratory or spring semester. For more information: (MBL) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Students http://www.acm.edu/urbanstudy/ participate in two core seminars focusing on, respectively, aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Tennessee They also choose an elective seminar and pursue Oak Ridge Science Semester an independent research project under the Program advisor: Ms. Wall guidance of the MBL staff and faculty. The fall semester ACM Oak ridge Science The program is offered for a fall semester Semester is designed to enable advanced or spring semester. For more information: undergraduates to study and conduct research http://courses.mbl.edu/SES/ in the prestigious and challenging scientific environment of the Oak ridge National Laboratory (OrNL) near Knoxville, Tennessee. International programs The majority of a student’s time is spent participating in a long-range research project with Argentina an advisor specializing in biology, engineering, Buenos Aires mathematics, or the physical or social sciences. Program advisor: Mr. Law In addition, students participate in an interdis- IES Buenos Aires features three tracks of study. ciplinary seminar designed to broaden their The intensive/intermediate language program exposure to developments in their major field combines language study with a choice of and related disciplines, and each student chooses English-taught or Spanish-taught area studies an elective from a variety of advanced courses. courses. Students in the advanced program The program is offered for a fall semester. combine the program’s area studies courses It is administered by Denison university and with regular courses at the universidad de recognized by the ACM. For more information: Buenos Aires. Students in the advanced honors http://www.acm.edu/oakridge/ program may also take courses at the universidad Torcuato di Tella, Argentina’s most Washington, D.C. prestigious private university. Washington Semester The program includes field trips to sites Program advisor: Mr. Alger of interest in Buenos Aires, northern Argentina, The Washington Semester enables students to and uruguay. The beginning/ participate in a thematic program of study at intermediate program is offered for a fall the American university in Washington, D.C. semester or spring semester. The advanced The Lawrence-approved program tracks are: program is offered for a fall semester, spring American politics, foreign policy, justice, and semester, or calendar year. The fall semester public law. In addition to the core seminar, advanced program starts in mid-July, the spring students pursue an internship related to the semester and calendar year programs in early program topic and an independent study project. March. Previous language study is required. The program is offered for a fall semester For more information: http://www. iesa- or spring semester. For more information: broad.org/buenosaires/BuenosAires.html http://www.washingtonsemester.american.edu/

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courses. Australia The program includes field trips to Adelaide culturally and historically important locations Program advisor: Mr. Law in Vienna, as well as to locations in greater IES Adelaide offers students the opportunity Austria and Central Europe. The program is for integrated study at the university of offered for a fall semester, spring semester, or Adelaide, one of Australia’s prestigious “sand- academic year. No previous language study is stone” institutions. The university offers cours- required. For more information: http://www. es in over 60 disciplines, with strong programs iesabroad.org/vienna/vienna.html in aboriginal studies, Asian studies, international economics, environmental science and Canada management, and the biological and physical Québec Seminar and Internship sciences. Program advisor: Ms. Hoft-March Internship opportunities with a broad Located in Chicoutimi, this program in variety of private- and public-sector organiza- French-speaking Canada combines ten weeks tions are available through the politics depart- of intensive coursework on French language ment. The academic program is supplemented and Québecois culture with a five-week, full- by IES-sponsored excursions. time internship in a business, governmental, The program is offered for a fall semester, or non-governmental organization. spring semester, academic year, or calendar The program is organized through the year. The fall semester and academic year Ecole de langue Français et de culture programs start in mid-July, the spring semester Québecois at the université de Québec, and calendar year programs in mid-February. Chicoutimi. Students are housed with French- For more infor mation: http://www.iesabroad. speaking families and participate in cultural org/adelaide/adelaide.html and outdoor activities organized by the Ecole. The program is offered for a fall term. Austria Previous language study is required. Vienna Program advisors: Ms. Lanouette, Mr. Law Caribbean IES Vienna offers a broad curriculum in the Lawrence Marine Biology Term humanities and social sciences. Students may Directors: Mr. Rence, Mr. DeStasio select from either English-taught or German- Organized by the Lawrence biology department, taught courses. Students with advanced this biennial program is available for students German proficiency may also choose to take concurrently enrolled in Ecological Energetics, classes at the universität Wien. Seminar on Coral reef Environments, and B.Mus. and B.A. Music students may Animal Behavior. Students take part in a two- choose to enroll in the Music Performance week excursion to a tropical marine area, where Workshop, combining individual music they undertake field studies in marine biology instruction, often at the Vienna Conservatory and animal behavior, with particular attention of Music or the university of Music and the to the biology of a coral reef environment. Performing Arts, with a German language The program is offered for a spring term. course and three area-studies courses from Students must be SCuBA-certified (prior to either English-taught or German-taught departure). For more information: http:// www.lawrence.edu/dept/biology/ BIOL_81A/marine.html Abbreviations: ACM, Associated Colleges of the Midwest; ACC, Associated Colleges in China; GLCA, Great Lakes Colleges Association; IES, Institute for the International Education of Students

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stressed as the key to understanding the culture. Chile Coursework in language, literature, Santiago geography, anthropology, politics, and cultural Program advisor: Mr. Law change enables students to develop insights IES Santiago offers a wide variety of Spanish- that are reinforced by field trips and two weeks taught program courses in the humanities and of field work in rural areas. Students also live social sciences, as well as an opportunity to take with host families. courses at the universidad de Chile and the The program is offered for a fall semester. Pontificia universidad Católica. Students may Previous language study is required. For more also pursue internships and service learning in information: http://www.acm.edu/slacs/ a variety of fields. The academic program is supplemented by local excursions. Costa Rica The program is offered for a fall semester, Tropical Field Research spring semester, academic year, or calendar Program advisor: Mr. Maravolo year. The fall semester and academic year This ACM field research program is designed programs start in mid-July, the spring semester primarily for advanced students wishing to and calendar year programs in early March. pursue independent research in the natural and Previous language study is required. For more social sciences, but research in the humanities information: http://www.iesabroad.org/santiago/ is also possible. Students prepare for their santiago.html research during a month-long orientation that includes intensive language training and a China review of fieldwork methodology. The Beijing research may be integrated with an ongoing Program advisors: Mr. Sung, Ms. Yang project at Lawrence or started afresh on the Based at the Capital university of Economics program. and Business in Beijing, the Associated Colleges The program is offered for a spring in China Program combines intensive Chinese semester. Previous language study is required. language study with lectures on Chinese society, For more information: http://www.acm.edu/tfr/ art, literature, and history. The program includes a weekly language Czech Republic practicum, visits with host families, and field Central European Studies trips to culturally and historically significant Program advisor: Mr. Blitstein locations. The program is offered for a summer This ACM program, based at Palacky term, a summer/fall semester combination, fall university in Olomouc, the historic capital of semester, spring semester, or academic year. Moravia, examines the Czech cultural heritage, Previous language study is required. For more the emerging revival of its democracy, and its information: http://www.hamilton.edu/aca- struggle for economic success as a mirror of demics/eal/Abroad_Link.html much of East and Central Europe. Courses cover central European history, Costa Rica contemporary socio-political issues, Czech Studies in Latin American Culture literature and culture, and the Czech language. and Society The program also includes opportunities for Program advisor: Mr. Law independent research and field trips to major This interdisciplinary ACM program is for Central European cities. Students are housed students seeking to develop an understanding with Czech students in university dormitories. of life in Latin America. Language study is The program is offered for a fall semester. No previous language study is required. For

283 OFF-CAMPuS PrOGrAMS more information: http://www.acm.edu/czech/ For more information: http://www.acm.edu/ lon&flo/ England France Lawrence London Center Besançon Program advisor: Mr. Law Program advisor: Ms. Sarnecki The Lawrence London Center was established The Knox College program in Besançon offers in 1970 to provide an opportunity for students students an opportunity to pursue language to experience one of the great cities of the and culture courses at the Centre de lingistique world. Courses offered at the center are appliquée and program-taught courses in liter- designed to utilize the setting by incorporating ature and area-studies. Participants studying topics relevant to British culture and history for two terms or the academic year may also through field trips, museum study, field study, pursue regular university courses at the Ecole and guest lecturers. des beaux arts. The academic program is Bradford rence, professor of biology, supplemented by excursions to Paris, the is directing the program in 2002-03, offering Chateaux of the Loire Valley, Chartres, and three courses from the regular biology curric- Mont Saint-Michel. ulum and one new course. All four courses The program is offered for one term, two will make broad use of the plentiful scientific terms, or an academic year. Previous language and cultural resources available in London. study is required. For more information: British guest faculty will offer courses in http:// www.knox.edu/knox/knoxweb/aca- anthropology, art history, government, history, demic/offcampus_progs/besancon/ music history, and theatre and drama. The program is offered every term. Germany Course descriptions for the 2002-03 program Berlin are located at the end of this section (page Program advisor: Ms. Lanouette 287). For more information: http://www.law- IES Berlin offers advanced students the oppor- rence.edu/ref/acadref/ offcampus/london. tunity to combine German language study, shtml German-taught area studies courses offered by the program, and coursework at the Humboldt England, Italy universität. The program also provides intern- London and Florence: Arts in Context ship opportunities, as well as field trips to sites Program Advisor: Ms. Vilches in Berlin, greater Germany, and Eastern Europe. The ACM London and Florence Program The program is offered for a fall semester, draws comparisons among the historical and spring semester, or academic year. Students political contexts of art, architecture, literature, wishing to pursue courses at the universität or and theatre in two historically prominent cit- an internship must opt for the academic year. ies. Coursework is supplemented by visits to Previous language study is required. For more museums, galleries, and theatres; short trips to information: http://www.iesabroad.org/ ber- other areas of England and Italy; and discussions lin/berlin.html with local scholars. Students spend eight weeks in each city. An optional intensive course in Germany Italian language is offered in January. Freiburg The program is offered for a spring Program advisor: Ms. Lanouette semester. A January-March program combining Located in southwest Germany, Freiburg offers the intensive Italian course with the Florence a distinctly different cultural experience than course offerings is currently being piloted for a Berlin. IES Freiburg offers students the small number of students. opportunity to combine German language No previous language study is required. study, German-taught area studies courses

284 OFF-CAMPuS PrOGrAMS offered by the program, and coursework at the Ajanta and Ellora caves and the pilgrimage to Albert-Ludwigs universität. The program also Pandharpur. A variety of extracurricular provides internship opportunities, as well as activities, such as dance, yoga, weaving, and field trips to Berlin and other cities in Germany. batik, can also be arranged. The program is offered for a fall semester, No previous language study is required. spring semester, or academic year. Students The program is offered for a fall semester and wishing to pursue courses at the universität begins in mid-July. For more information: must opt for the academic year. Previous lan- http://www.acm.edu/india/ guage study is required. For more information: http://iesabroad.org/freiburg/freiburg.html Italy Florence Greece Program advisor: Ms. Vilches Athens The ACM Florence Program focuses on Program advisor: Ms. Lawton renaissance painting, sculpture, architecture, The College Year in Athens is known for the history, and literature. Italian language instruc- strength of its curriculum focusing on Ancient tion, a studio art course, and courses providing Greece but also offers many classes on pre- a broad perspective on Italian contributions to historic, post-classical, Byzantine, and Modern world civilization facilitate study of the Greek subjects. In addition to offering courses Florentine artistic and cultural heritage. useful to classics majors, the CYA curriculum Visits to museums and galleries, short includes offerings that would interest students field trips to other cities throughout Italy, and of art history, archaeology, and Near East discussions with local scholars supplement the culture and history. coursework. Participants live with Italian host All courses make full use of the resources families. available in Athens, with many of the classes The program is offered for a fall semester. conducted wholly or in part in museums or No previous language study is required. at historic sites. CYA regularly draws on the Previous coursework in art history is strongly broad range of European and u.S. scholars recommended. For more information: http:// pursuing research in Athens to offer lectures www.acm.edu/florence/ and colloquia at the CYA facility. The program is offered for a fall semester, Italy spring semester, or academic year. For more Intercollegiate Center for Classical information: http://www.cyathens.org Studies Program advisor: Mr. Taylor India Based in rome, the ICCS offers a curriculum Pune exploring the roman world. The core seminar, Program advisor: Mr. Vorenkamp The Ancient City, explores aspects of roman The ACM India Studies Program offers students archaeology and topography, as well as the an excellent opportunity to observe the social and urban history of rome and roman interaction of tradition and modernity that civilization. Students also choose three elective characterizes contemporary India. Students courses from offerings in ancient history and enroll at Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth for an archaeology, Latin literature, and ancient art. academic session, where they pursue language Weekly field trips to sites in and near instruction, then take four area-studies courses rome supplement the coursework .The and complete an independent study projects. program is offered for a fall semester or spring Participants live with Indian host families, semester. No previous language study is and the academic program is supplemented by required, though a background in Latin is field trips to nearby cultural sites such as the strongly recommended. For more information: http://www.aas.duke.edu/study_abroad/iccs /

285 OFF-CAMPuS PrOGrAMS iccs.html information: http://www.acm.edu/russia/

Italy Russia Milan Lawrence Kurgan Exchange Term Program advisor: Mr. Law Program advisor: Ms. Matveyev Approved only for B.Mus. and B.A. Music Kurgan, russia, located on the steppes of students, IES Milan offers an opportunity to Siberia, has been Appleton, Wisconsin’s sister combine musical instruction at one of Milan’s city since 1989. Through a bilateral exchange several outstanding musical institutions with agreement, Lawrence students may study for intensive Italian and one area-studies course one semester at Kurgan State university. taught in English. Students pursue courses in russian grammar The academic program is supplemented by and phonetics, conversation, and literature. cultural excursions to different arts-related activ- Students are also placed with host families ities in Milan and field trips to sites throughout connected with the sister city program. Northern Italy. The program is offered for a fall The program is offered for a fall semester. semester, spring semester, or academic year. No Previous language study is required. previous language study is required. For more information: http://www.iesabroad.org/milan/ Senegal milan.html Lawrence Francophone Seminar Director: Ms. Sarnecki Japan Organized by the Lawrence French depart- Tokyo ment in conjunction with the Baobab Center, Program advisor: Mr. Vorenkamp this biennial program in Dakar, Senegal, offers Participants study at Waseda university’s students an introduction to Western African International Division in Tokyo, pursuing lan- culture. Participants study the French and guage study and Asian studies courses taught Wolof languages, Senegalese history and culture, in English. A family-living experience in and Francophone African literature and may Tokyo provides an invaluable education in arrange individual music lessons. Japanese culture. The academic program is supplemented Administered by Earlham College, Japan by local excursions, a stay in a rural village, and Study is recognized by the ACM. The program field trips to other parts of Senegal and to The is offered for a fall term, fall semester, or aca- Gambia. The program is offered for a spring demic year. Previous language study is term. Previous language study is required. required. For more information: http://www. earlham.edu/~jpns/ Spain Barcelona Russia Program advisor: Mr. Law Krasnodar IES Barcelona features two tracks of study. Program advisor: Ms. Matveyev A beginning/intermediate language program Based at Kuban State university in southern combines language study with English-taught russia, the ACM russia Program combines area studies courses. Economics courses in intensive study of the russian language with English are also available at the universitat a course in English about russian society. de Pompou Fabra. Students in the advanced Students live with russian families, and the program combine the language study with academic program is supplemented by excur- regular courses at the universitat de Barcelona. sions to local sites, as well as trip to Moscow Advanced students may also choose to pursue and St. Petersburg. the Catalan language or university courses The program is offered for a fall semester. taught in Catalan. Previous language study is required. For more

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Internships are available for all program levels, though some proficiency in Spanish Tanzania provides a greater range of opportunities. The Studies in Human Evolution and academic program is supplemented by local Ecology excursions, field trips to other parts of Spain, Program advisor: Mr. Peregrine and intercenter events. The program is offered The ACM program in Tanzania offers a unique for a fall semester, spring semester or academic opportunity to conduct fieldwork in some of year. For more information: http://www.iesa- the world’s greatest paleoanthropological and broad.org/barcelona/barcelona.html ecological sites. The program is divided between courses in intensive Swahili, human Spain evolution, and the ecology of the Serengeti at Madrid the university of Dar es Salaam and field Program advisor: Mr. Law research in the Northern region of Tanzania. IES Madrid offers a wide variety of Spanish- The program is both physically and aca- taught program courses in the humanities and demically demanding, and only well-qualified social sciences, as well as an opportunity to students will be selected. The program is take courses at the universidad Complutense offered for a fall semester. No previous language de Madrid. Students may also pursue intern- study is required. For more information: ships in a variety of fields. The academic http://www. acm.edu/tanzania/ program is supplemented by local excursions. The program is offered for a summer Tanzania term, fall semester, spring semester, or academic Nation-Building in Southern Africa year. Students intending to study at the Program advisor: Ms.Gray universidad should strongly consider the This interdisciplinary ACM program focuses academic year. Previous language study is on development issues in Africa and the required, except for the summer term. For challenges of building a modern independent more information: http://www.iesabroad.org/ nation. university of Dar es Salaam faculty madrid/madrid.html members offer courses in culture and society, political and economic development, and Spain Swahili language. Students also complete an Salamanca independent field project under the guidance Program advisor: Mr. Law of program staff or university faculty. IES Salamanca offers Spanish-taught courses Students live with families in Dar es focusing on Iberian culture, comparative studies Salaam, and local excursions and a rural village of the Mediterranean basin, and comparative stay supplement the academic program. The studies of Spain and Latin America. The program is offered for a spring semester. No majority of students combine program courses previous language study is required. For more with study at the universidad de Salamanca. information: http://www.acm.edu/africa/ The program arranges education and ESL index.htm internships, as well as supplements the academic program field trips to other parts of Spain and, in the spring semester, Morocco. 2002-03 London Center The program is offered for a summer Courses term, fall semester, spring semester, or academic year. unlike IES Madrid, students may take ANTH 372 early exams for any course at the universidad. Urban Anthropology of London Previous language study is required. For more Fall and Winter information: http://www.iesabroad. org/sala- This seminar combines a variety of methods manca/salamanca.html to explore contemporary British culture. In

287 OFF-CAMPuS PrOGrAMS addition to the readings and field trips, students may be substituted for Biology 140 toward the conduct ethnographic fieldwork in London on biology major, the interdisciplinary major in a topic of their own interest. This may be the natural sciences, and the interdisciplinary based in a particular place or, more broadly, area in neuroscience. 6 units. focus on a certain group of people. The course provides an introduction to field research BIOL 215/ENST 215 methods. Throughout the term students Insects and Society participate in shorter exercises designed to Fall and Spring develop their confidence in the skills of obser- This course surveys the relationship between vation, interviewing, description, and analysis. insects and human society. Even though it readings on topics such as neighborhoods, concentrates on the biological effects of insects social use of language, class, education, and on humans (and vice versa), there are many migration experience provide a framework other disciplines represented in the material. for understanding the detail of the individual We examine the complicated reciprocal projects. Students are expected to make pre- relationship between these two groups of sentations and participate in discussions. This animals in terms of the effects of insects on course fulfills a social sciences distribution human scientific knowledge, health, nutrition, requirement. 6 units. history, religion, demography, agriculture, economics, politics, art, and music. ARHI 246 This course has no prerequisites. It can 19th Century Art, Design, and Society apply as the non-laboratory science distribution in Britain requirement, as a speaking-intensive competency Winter requirement, and as an upper-level biology In the 19th century, Britain was at the height course. 6 units. of her imperial and industrial powers, with a burgeoning middle class with increased spend- BIOL 237 ing power. Against this background, this course General Endocrinology examines the painting (including Turner, Winter Constable, the Pre-raphaelites, the High A study of basic information transfer and coor- Victorians), architecture, furniture, and interiors dination between various types of cells within of the period, utilizing the wealth of examples animals (e.g., endocrine, nervous, immune) and in London’s museums, galleries, and buildings. between animals of the same and different spe- This course fulfills a fine arts distribution cies. Find out about such diverse phenomena requirement. 6 units. as how you can “worry yourself sick,” how Dr. Doolittle might “talk BIOL 140 to the animals,” how pathogens trick our bodies General Zoology: The Diversity of Animals into accepting them, or how the British Fall discovered pesticides were altering the sex of An introduction to the biology of animals and fish in ponds. The class uses resources such as how they fit into the earth’s various habitats, art museums with works depicting endocrine including studies of the evolution, anatomy, disorders, the London School for Hygiene and physiology, development, behavior, and ecology Tropical Medicine, the Kew Gardens, and the of the major groups. The class makes frequent London Zoo to exemplify the scientific study visits to the British Museum of Natural History, and practical applications of such means of just down the street from the Lawrence London internal and external communication. Center, and the London Zoo to look at actual This course has no prerequisites to apply specimens of the subjects of our studies. as the non-laboratory science distribution This course has no prerequisites. It can requirement or as a general elective course. To apply as the non-laboratory science distribution apply as an upper-level course for the biology requirement and, with consent of the instructor, 288 OFF-CAMPuS PrOGrAMS major, the interdisciplinary major in the natural policy issues of recent years, British attitudes sciences, or the interdisciplinary area in neuro- toward the political system, and critiques of science, it has Biology 140 as a prerequisite. British politics and history. This course fulfills a Special-topics work by students reflects these social sciences distribution requirement. differences. 6 units. 6 units.

BIOL 242 HIST 150 Comparative Physiology Stuart England 1603-1715 Spring Fall and Spring A comparative study of the variety of solutions This course explores the causes and impact and adaptations diverse animals (from sponges of the English Civil War, the effect of the to humans) can make to similar problems — restoration, the Glorious revolution, and the obtaining and transporting oxygen; maintain- path to the Hanoverian Succession. Also studied ing salt and water balance; and utilizing food, are the economics, politics, religion, social movement, and nervous and hormonal inte- history, and cultural aspects of the period. gration. The work of groundbreaking British Visits to museums and buildings of the period physiologists such as Harvey (circulation of are included. This course fulfills a humanities blood), Hodgkin (action potentials in neurons), distribution requirement. 6 units. Haldane (Navy underwater Diving Tables), Huxley (muscle contraction), and Pringle MUHI 130 (insect flight) is emphasized. Purcell, Handel, and Bach: European This course has no prerequisites to apply Musical Tastes and Manners 1660-1750 as the non-laboratory science distribution Fall requirement or as a general elective course. To This course is an introduction to the music of apply as an upper-level course for the biology the Baroque period. The course is designed major, the interdisciplinary major in the natural for the non-specialist. It will include technical sciences, or the interdisciplinary area in neuro- details, both historical and theoretical, only science, it has Biology 140 as a prerequisite. insofar as they deepen an understanding of the Special topics work by students reflects these music and its performance. The experience of differences. 6 units. concert performances and visits by guest speakers drawn from important figures in the ENG 170/THDR 170 professional musical life of London are central Shakespeare in London to the class work and discussions. This course Spring fulfills a fine arts distribution requirement. Students study several plays by William 6 units. Shakespeare selected from among the current offerings by the royal Shakespeare and other THDR 111 companies. Students are required to attend Introduction to the Theatre performances of the plays under study. This Winter course fulfills either an English or a fine arts Drawing upon the rich resources of the distribution requirement. 6 units. London theatre, this course studies the fundamentals of dramatic structure, form, styles, and GOVT 385 criticism through an examination of plays Modern British Politics currently in performance. Students are Winter and Spring required to attend performances of the plays This course analyzes the central structures and under study. This course fulfills a fine arts processes of British politics, the important distribution requirement. 6 units.

289 Academic Procedures and Regulations Opportunities, obligations, and with understanding strengths and weaknesses, setting goals, and utilizing resources at Lawrence. responsibilities Advisors are not expected to make decisions for advisees except in the case of an Academic procedures and regulations, together underload or overload request, nor are they with degree, program, and course requirements expected to engage in a personal counseling and the code of student responsibility, form the relationship. Advisors are required to sign basis for the equitable and orderly conduct of petitions and forms only if they have had the student academic life at Lawrence University. opportunity to provide their best advice on These rules accord students opportunities, such the decision. as the ability to develop a personalized course Advisors have the responsibility to advise of study or change a course selection after the the student. Students have the responsibility of first class meeting. They also impose obligations making the decision. and responsibilities, such as planning a course of study to complete program requirements The advising process and maintaining satisfactory academic progress. Students are expected to be thoroughly familiar Lawrence has a faculty-based advising system. with the contents of the course catalog, the All full-time members of the teaching faculty Lawrence University Student Handbook serve as academic advisors to students. New (http:// www.lawrence.edu/ref/sturef/hand- students are assigned to faculty advisors on the book/), other contracts, and official notices of basis of academic interests and availability of the university. faculty for advising. Junior and senior students are required to have advisors in their majors. Catalog of record Any student, however, may change an advisor by completing the Advising Change Form Students may choose to complete degree available in the registrar’s office (http://www. requirements using the course catalog in effect lawrence.edu/dept/registrar/) and obtaining at the time they matriculate as degree-seeking the signature of the new advisor on that form. students or the current catalog at the time they Students are encouraged to consult with plan to complete their degree. If requirements other faculty members or the Office of the Dean for a major, minor, or interdisciplinary area of Student Academic Services for further advice. change, students should consult the department or program chair and their major advisor regarding the applicability of current course Honor Code offerings to the major requirements they intend to complete. Academic regulations and To help maintain an atmosphere of mutual procedures are effective as of the date they are trust and confidence among students and faculty approved by the university, unless otherwise members and to ensure that each student is noted. judged solely according to his or her own merits, the Lawrence University community has established the following honor code: Academic advising No Lawrence student will unfairly advance Philosophy of advising his or her own academic performance nor will the student in any way intentionally limit or impede the The philosophy that underlies academic advising academic performance or intellectual pursuits of other at Lawrence reflects the university’s emphasis students of the Lawrence community. on student responsibility and independence. The Lawrence community firmly believes Students have the responsibility for planning and in the academic atmosphere this Honor Code pursuing their own academic programs. All is intended to ensure. An academic honor system students are assigned a faculty advisor to help secures freedoms, conveniences, and privileges

291 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS that otherwise would not be available to Three-term system and course students, creating an atmosphere in which they can learn without constant surveillance. loads Students are responsible for understanding Lawrence University has a three-term schedule. the Honor Code, and the Honor Council each term consists of ten weeks of classes provides extensive information to all students. followed by four days of examinations, which The council does not consider ignorance or are considered an integral part of the term. negligence as excuses when determining The term ends with the completion of final whether or not an Honor Code violation exams. The normal class periods under this has occurred. plan are three 70-minute sessions per week Pledge and reaffirmation (monday, Wednesday, and Friday) or two 110-minute sessions per week (Tuesday and As members of the Lawrence University Thursday). community, students are required to sign the Courses are recorded using a term-course following Honor Pledge. By doing so, they system. A standard course is 6 units. For purposes affirm their belief in the value of the stipulations of transcript evaluation, six units may be con- of the system: sidered the equivalent of three and one-third I hereby affirm that I understand and accept (3-1/3) semester hours or five (5) quarter the responsibilities and stipulations of the Lawrence hours. A six-unit course that includes extra University Honor System. class or laboratory sessions is the equivalent Furthermore, students must reaffirm the in content to courses that carry five semester Honor Code by writing “I reaffirm the hours or eight quarter hours at some other Lawrence University Honor Pledge,” followed institutions. by their signatures, on all submitted work. Students who arrange their programs in the normal pattern take three courses (18 units) Honor Council each term. A course load of 15 units per term The Honor System is administered by the is required for certification as a full-time student; Honor Council, which consists of ten students. a course load of 21 units is required for full-time The Council is responsible for educating the status in the student-teaching semester and Lawrence community about the Honor Code semester-length off-campus programs. and for acting as a judicial body when suspected violations occur. The dean of student academic Overloads/underloads services serves as a non-voting administrative Students must receive permission from their advisor to the Honor Council. advisors to take 24 or more units in a single every member of the Lawrence community term. A B average for the preceding three is responsible for upholding the Honor System. terms is generally expected of students If a member of the community suspects a viola- requesting permission to overload. Students in tion, he or she has two options: to contact the the university should normally take no more faculty member involved, the dean of than two partial courses (less than 6 units each) student academic services, or a member of above the standard three-course load in any the Honor Council or to discuss the concerns one term. Students who regularly take more directly with the student involved. The reporting than a standard load each term run the risk of of a suspected violation does not commit the failing to meet the 12-term tuition requirement student to pursuing additional action. (see Tuition, Fees, and refunds, page 308). For more information, please refer to the Students may find it educationally advan- full Honor System Charter, printed in the tageous to choose a reduced program for one Student Handbook (http://www.lawrence.edu/ or more terms. Written permission from the ref/sturef/handbook/). faculty advisor is required. Students considering a reduced load should carefully investigate the 292 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS consequences of dropping below full-time status. The following students are required to submit Less than full-time status can affect financial a completed registration form to the registrar’s aid, insurance, loan deferments, immigration office during the registration period at the status, or eligibility for participation in athletics. beginning of the term: The Incremental Fee Plan (see Tuition, • all degree-seeking students attending Fees, and refunds, page 308) may be applicable Lawrence for the first time, if an overload or underload program is elected. • all non-degree-seeking students, and • students who advance-registered while attending an off-campus program or on Registration leave but have not yet conferred with their faculty advisor(s) about their current-year Advance registration program and obtained his or her signature. Advance registration for the next academic Continuing students who do not fall into the year takes place in the spring term. All con- categories above, are clear with the business tinuing students are expected to consult with office, and do not need to change their regis- their faculty advisors about their academic tration for the term may attend classes without progress and proposed program for the following further action. Students failing to register year. Continuing students must advance-register properly will be charged a late-registration fee. in order to participate in the housing selection In order to register, students must present process. a completed registration form in the registrar’s Advance-registration forms and instructions office. A completed registration form contains are sent to all students who do not expect to the signature of the student, the signature of complete degree requirements by the end of the student’s faculty advisor, the signatures of Term III. Students attending Lawrence foreign instructors when required, and clearly identified centers during spring term will receive advance- course requests or deletions. Students wishing registration materials from the center director. to register for a tutorial, independent study, or Advance-registration materials for students internship must also present a title form attending other Lawrence off-campus programs before they will be registered for the course. (ACm, gLCA, IeS, etc.) will be mailed to registration materials are sent to every home addresses unless another address has been student at the beginning of the term. Students provided. Students on leave who are expected who are notified that they are on hold with to return the following fall will receive advance the business office should contact that office registration materials from the dean of student as soon as possible to resolve the problem. academic services. registration forms will not be accepted until Advance registration for new freshmen clearance from the business office is obtained. and transfer students occurs over the summer. New students receive advance-registration Registration for non-degree students materials from the dean of student academic Individuals attending classes as non-degree stu- services upon payment of the continuing- dents are required to register at the beginning enrollment deposit. During New Student of every term. Such students include members Week in the fall, new freshmen and transfers of the local community taking courses for meet with their faculty advisors to discuss their personal growth, college graduates seeking proposed programs for the year and make any teacher certification, high school students in necessary adjustments. All new students are the Academy Program, and exchange and required to file a completed final registration visiting students. Non-degree students must form at the registrar’s office during the obtain the signature of each instructor and registration period at the beginning of their their academic advisor before their registration first term. forms can be processed. Priority is given to Registration each term 293 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS degree-seeking students when classes are dents may adjust their schedules by adding or over-subscribed. cancelling classes. A cancelled class is removed from the student’s record and will not appear on future grade reports or transcripts. In order Class changes to make a registration change, a student must present a completed class-change form, contain- During the class change period at the beginning ing all required signatures, in the registrar’s office. of each term (the first 10 class days), students The signature of the faculty advisor is may make changes to their class registrations always required to make a class change. The for both the current and future terms. signature of the instructor of any class requiring registration changes are submitted to the authorization (either as designated in the class registrar’s office using a class change form. schedule or limited-enrollment classes on or The signature of the academic advisor is always after the first day of the term) is also always required. Signatures of class instructors might required. After the first week of classes, students also be necessary depending on the changes must obtain the signature of the instructor for requested. any course they wish to add. It is the student’s responsibility to notify the registrar’s office promptly of any class Withdrawing from courses changes. Failure to maintain an accurate registration record can result in (1) receiving no Students are permitted to withdraw passing credit for a completed course, (2) receiving a (WP) from one of their classes after the second failing grade in a course not completed, (3) week of the term and through the Friday of failing to be certified as a full-time student for the seventh week of the term. The instructor insurance, financial aid, immigration, or other must confirm the student’s last date of atten- purposes, and (4) being assessed a late-registra- dance and certify the student completed all tion fee. Students who need to correct class work and earned a passing grade. Written registrations after the tenth day of classes (begin- acknowledgement from the student’s faculty ning the third week of the term), must petition advisor also is required. A form is available the Faculty Subcommittee on Administration. from the registrar’s office for this purpose (http://www.lawrence.edu/dept/registrar/). Fees for Late Registration The grade of WP is recorded on the student’s record but has no effect on the grade-point $25 per late class cancellation or addition averages. approved from the third week of the term A student must petition the Faculty through the last day of classes, up to a maximum Subcommittee on Administration to withdraw of $200 for the term. passing if any of the following apply. He or $50 per late class cancellation or addition she: (1) is withdrawing from more than one approved after the last day of classes for the class in the term, or (2) has already withdrawn term; no maximum. from three classes during his or her career at The Faculty Subcommittee on Lawrence, or (3) is on probation, or (4) is Administration may waive the late registration unable to complete the class after the seventh- fee when a class change was delayed due to week deadline. exceptional circumstances such as illness, Students may withdraw failing (WF) from family emergency, a curricular decision that a class through the last day of classes for the could not be made by registration deadlines, etc. term with the permission of the instructor, the The student is responsible for documenting faculty advisor, and the dean of student academic such an exceptional circumstance as part of services. A grade of WF is recorded on the the petition. student’s record and appears in the grade-point Add/drop period averages as an F grade. During the first two weeks of each term, stu- 294 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS

Students who officially withdraw from from a class after the term begins should notify the university during the term will have the instructor of their intention promptly, as grades of WP and WF posted on their record the instructor will be asked to verify the date depending on whether they were passing or the student last attended. failing their classes at the time of withdrawal. WF grades in this particular case will not be included in the grade-point averages. Final examinations All final examinations are given and taken Limited-enrollment classes during the examination period. An examination schedule is published by the registrar before The registrar’s office maintains waiting lists for the fifth week of the term. Individual students limited-enrollment classes until the first day of who wish to change the time of a scheduled the term. Students who wish to register for a examination must petition the Faculty class that is full may elect to be placed on the Subcommittee on Administration no later waiting list. At the end of the class-change than Wednesday of the tenth week of classes. period each term, waiting lists for classes offered Petitions to change final exams for travel in future terms will be reconciled. Students purposes will not be approved. will be added to classes from the waiting lists An exam time for the whole class may if space is available. Students may remove their be changed only with the unanimous consent names from waiting lists by contacting the of the class members and with the permission registrar’s office. Students who have been of the dean of the faculty. During the last added to a class from the waiting list, but week of classes, no examinations or tests may no longer wish to take the class, must cancel be given in class or as take-home exercises. the registration using regular class-change It is a faculty member’s prerogative to procedures. establish the conditions for his or her particular At the beginning of the term, all students exam. If no specifications are given, however, registered for a limited-enrollment class and the exam will be taken in class without books, any students on the waiting list who still wish notes, or discussion among the students. to enroll must attend the first class meeting. At that time the instructor may choose to drop from the class registered students not in atten- Academic accommodations dance and admit students to the class from the for students with disabilities waiting list. Students admitted to a class from the waiting list by an instructor must submit The Lawrence University policy a signed class-change form to the registrar’s applying to nondiscrimination on office in order to complete their registration. the basis of disability “No otherwise qualified handicapped individual Class attendance shall, solely by reason of his handicap, be excluded from participation in, be denied the Instructors may, at their own discretion, require benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination attendance and/or take attendance into account under any program or activity receiving federal in determining grades. Students should check financial assistance.” class-attendance expectations with instructors — Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 at the beginning of each term. Whatever the attendance expectations may be for a class, The commitment of Lawrence University to students are responsible for all class obligations. provide a quality liberal education carries with Students who wish to cancel or withdraw it a commitment to a learning environment

295 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS that provides all students with an equal oppor- Grading scale and grade symbols tunity for academic success. A excellent 4 x value of the course Lawrence, in compliance with Section A– 3.75 x value of the course 504 of the rehabilitation Act of 1973, recog- B+ 3.25 x value of the course nizes that qualified students who have diagnosed B good 3 x value of the course handicaps, including specific learning disabilities, B– 2.75 x value of the course are entitled to an equal opportunity to benefit C+ 2.25 x value of the course from the educational program of the university C Satisfactory 2 x value of the course and that reasonable academic accommodations C– 1.75 x value of the course may be necessary to provide that opportunity. D+ 1.25 x value of the course D Passing but Requesting an accommodation unsatisfactory 1 x value of the course Students who have a disability covered by the D– 0.75 x value of the course Americans with Disabilities Act are entitled to F Failing 0 academic accommodations. Students with WF Withdrew Failing: 0, except upon approved with- disabilities must initiate all requests. drawal from the university before the end of the term (see Withdrawing from Courses, page 294) To request appropriate accommodations, a WP Withdrew Passing: no course credit student must file a copy of the formal evalua- S Satisfactory: equivalent to a C– or better but does not tion from a physician or clinical psychologist, affect grade-point averages depending on the disability, with the Office of U Unsatisfactory: equivalent to D+ or below, but does Student Academic Services. This report will be not affect grade-point averages; no course credit kept in a confidential file. After the office has I Incomplete: may be reported only for students who did not complete the course work because of circum- received this report, the student may request stances beyond their control, such as illness. Students appropriate accommodations by discussing the must submit a request for an incomplete to the dean request with the academic advisor and com- of student academic services before the end of the last pleting the request form, which must be day of classes. The dean will consult with the instructor signed by the academic advisor. in making the decision. An incomplete must be The academic accommodation system removed by the date set by the dean, subject to approved extensions; failure to complete the work at Lawrence is based on the university’s educa- can result in the recording of an F (U if the course tional philosophy emphasizing student respon- was carried on an S/U basis). sibility and independence. All requests for IP In Progress: may be used to designate the first term of accommodations must be initiated by the tutorial work or independent study for which students student. No automatic notification of instructors will be registered for additional credit for two or three occurs without a student request. No student terms; replaced by the final grade when that grade is reported. with a disability is required to tell instructors AU Audit: this option may not be used by degree-seeking about the disability or to request accommoda- students tions. Nr Not reported: no valid grade reported. grade will To inquire about accommodations, please lapse to F (U if the course was carried on an S/U contact the Office of Student Academic basis) if a valid grade is not reported shortly after the Services, which can provide all appropriate end of the term. * Withdrawal from term information and advice. # repeated course: credit is not applied to degree and grade is not used in computation of degree gPA All grades, except approved incompletes Grading system or IP grades, are final when they are recorded with the registrar. grades are due, according to faculty legislation, 72 hours after the end of

296 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS the examination in the class or, if there is no which a grade of F is received. Both the original examination, no later then 72 hours after the F and the new grade will be recorded on the published examination period. The Faculty permanent record. Only the second grade, Subcommittee on Administration makes its however, will count in the degree gPA. If the decisions on academic actions shortly after course is in the student’s major or minor grades have been submitted. department, only the second grade will count in the major or minor gPA. Both the original Satisfactory/unsatisfactory option F and the repeat grade will count in the The S/U option is provided to encourage composite gPA (see grade Point Averages, students to explore new academic disciplines. page 298). The decision to exercise this option must be Students who have withdrawn from a made by the end of the second week of class (WP or WF) have not completed the classes. It is not intended to be used as a means course and are free to take it again. A grade of of grade protection after students have assessed WF is treated like an F when a course is their ability to complete required course work repeated. Only the grade for the repeated satisfactorily. course will count in the degree and major Students who have completed 54 units gPAs. Both the original WF and the repeat may elect to take one class per term outside grade will count in the composite gPA. their major/minor and major/minor depart- Students must submit a repeat-course ment on a Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory basis. form (http://www.lawrence.edu/dept/ Students with a minor in Latin may take a registrar/) to the registrar’s office to initiate the course in greek on an S/U basis. Students procedure for repeating a course. with a minor in greek may take a course in Latin on an S/U basis. Students who carry Grade reporting and transcripts more than 54 units may also exercise the S/U grades are reported to students by means of option for the overload class. No more than computer-generated grade reports as soon as four grades of S or U resulting from the possible after the final examination period. option may appear on a student’s transcript at grades will not be given to students on an any one time. individual basis until grade reports have been Students may at any time (e.g., during the prepared, except for graduating seniors, nor will term in which a course is taken S/U or after they be given to students over the telephone. the course has been completed) change the grade reports are sent to students and basis of grading in a course from S/U to a also are available to administrative personnel. letter grade; they may not change from a letter Faculty advisors and continuing students grade to S/U. Instructors submit letter grades receive copies of student academic records at (A-F) for all courses not offered strictly on an the beginning of each term. Students may S/U basis. The registrar then converts the letter obtain a new copy of their academic record at grades to S or U for those students who have any time by contacting the registrar’s office. elected the S/U option. grades of C- or above Students are responsible for communicating become Satisfactory; grades of D+ or below information about their grades to parents or become Unsatisfactory. A satisfactory perfor- other family members. reports are sent to mance ensures credit toward graduation but parents only if written permission is provided does not affect grade-point averages. An unsat- by the student. A form for this purpose can be isfactory performance does not confer credit, obtained in the registrar’s office. nor does it affect the grade-point average. To obtain an official transcript, a student must make a request in writing, giving permission Repeating courses to release the transcript to a third party. A Students are permitted to repeat courses in

297 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS charge of $2 (which includes tax) will be The minor GPA includes all courses in the assessed for each official transcript requested. student’s minor department and those courses Additional fees will also be assessed for special outside the department required for the minor. shipping arrangements such as over-night Courses taken on the Lawrence campus as well delivery or fax. Students should be aware that as courses completed at approved Lawrence transcripts will not be sent after the last day off-campus programs are included in the of classes until grades for the term have been minor gPA. Students must earn a minor gPA posted, academic actions taken, and new record of 2.000 in order to complete the minor and cards printed. Transcript requests are usually have it recorded on their academic record. fulfilled within 2-4 days. The degree GPA includes all courses taken Official transcripts are issued only for on the Lawrence campus or at approved students whose accounts with the business Lawrence off-campus programs. It is used to office are clear. determine academic actions and, in conjunction with the composite gPA, honors in Grade changes course at graduation. A student must earn a A grade submitted to the registrar can be degree gPA of 2.000 or above to graduate. changed only with approval of the university The composite GPA includes all courses faculty at the request of the instructor. The included in the degree gPA plus any courses instructor must submit a request for a change taken at other colleges and universities. The of grade in writing to the faculty secretary. composite gPA is used, in conjunction with The change will take effect upon approval of the degree gPA, to determine honors in the faculty minutes in which the request is course at graduation and selection for awards recorded. and membership in honorary societies. A change of grade is permitted for reas- sessment of work previously evaluated or for Academic progress the correction of an error in the calculation or reporting of a grade. The instructor states Lawrence University normally expects students which reason applies. grade changes are not to complete their work toward graduation in permitted for work submitted after the class four years — or five years in the case of students has concluded. in the B.A./B.mus. program. At the time of matriculation, the university determines the Grade-point averages class standing of each student on the basis of Lawrence uses four grade-point averages: major, transfer and advanced placement credits, if any, minor, degree, and composite. The averages are accepted by Lawrence. Thereafter, the number used to determine academic progress, fulfill- of credits earned at Lawrence and the cumulative ment of degree requirements, and honors in degree grade-point average determine a student’s course at graduation. academic progress. The major GPA includes all courses in the generally, full-time students are expected student’s major department and those courses to progress toward graduation according to the outside the department required for the major. following guidelines. At the end of the freshman Courses taken on the Lawrence campus, as year, or three terms, a student should have well as courses completed at approved completed at least 48 units and have a mini- Lawrence off-campus programs (see Off-Campus mum gPA of 1.833. At the end of the sopho- Programs, page 277) are included in the major more year, or six terms, a student should have gPA. Courses accepted for transfer credit from completed at least 102 units and have a mini- other institutions are not included. A student mum gPA of 2.000. Students who do not must earn a major gPA of 2.000 or above to meet these guidelines, receive failing grades, or graduate.

298 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS display other indications of unsatisfactory registrar’s office. progress may be warned, placed on Any student considering transferring to a academic probation or strict probation, or different degree program should, at a minimum, required to withdraw from the university. consult with his or her advisor, the dean of the Students must be in good academic conservatory, and the dean of student academic standing to participate in off-campus programs services in order to assess the consequences of sponsored by Lawrence, the Associated such a move. A petition for transfer should not Colleges of the midwest, or other organizations only speak to the reasons for the change but with which Lawrence has consortial agreements. also present a plan for completing the require- Students placed on strict probation are ments of the new degree program. In the case not eligible to participate in either extracurricu- of transfer to the B.mus. degree program, an lar performances or sports (varsity, junior-varsity, audition or other qualifying examination may or club), nor may they hold a position of be required. Students who transfer to a different responsibility, elected or volunteer, in any program after their second year of study usually Lawrence University Community Council- will need to extend the time required for com- sanctioned activity or greek organization. The pletion of their degrees. spirit of this eligibility restriction is to limit any significant extracurricular activity but not necessarily to eliminate nominal participation, Declaration of a major such as attendance at a meeting. Additional information on policies Students are required to declare a major by the governing academic progress and standing is beginning of their junior year but may do so contained in “guidelines for Academic at any time by completing a form available in Action,” which may be obtained from the the registrar’s office (http://www.lawrence. dean of student academic services. edu/dept/registrar/). Students must also have an academic advisor in their major department no later than the beginning of their junior Transfer between degree year. The formal declaration of a major and programs within the university change of advisors does not preclude students from seeking additional counsel about their aca- Students who find that their interests have demic programs from any member of the fac- changed may apply to transfer to a different ulty. degree program within the university. An Students in the Bachelor of music degree application for transfer is made as a petition for program must be admitted to a major before admission to the intended program. B.mus. they may declare one. Admission to a major students who wish to transfer to the B.A. generally takes the form of successful comple- degree program should direct their petitions to tion of a qualifying examination at the end of the Faculty Subcommittee on Administration. the sophomore year. Please see the Conservatory B.A. students who wish to transfer to the of music section in this catalog (page 232) for B.mus. degree program should direct their more information about the requirements for petitions to the Conservatory Committee on admission to a major in the B.mus. degree Administration. program. Students in the five-year B.A./B.mus. degree program may drop one of their degrees Declaration of minors and and move to a single-degree program (either the B.A. or the B.mus.) by notifying the interdisciplinary areas

299 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS

In addition to completing degree and major Depending on previous work completed and requirements, students may choose to complete the major selected at Lawrence, transfer students the requirements for a minor or an interdisci- may need to complete additional credit beyond plinary area. Students may declare their intent the minimum required for their Lawrence to pursue such programs by completing a form degree program in order to fulfill all degree available in the registrar’s office (http://www. requirements (see Degree requirements, lawrence.edu/dept/registrar/). Students are page 22). strongly encouraged to consult with the Transfer credit is used only in computing appropriate department chair or program the composite gPA (see page 298). director on a regular basis about their course selections. Some departments or programs may College work completed expect students to have a formal advisor for the in high school minor or interdisciplinary area. Students who have taken college-level courses while attending high school may be granted Transfer credit up to 42 units of transfer work. Evaluation of credit Transfer of credit for for transfer students continuing students Students who are accepted as transfers from Students who wish to attend summer school other institutions of higher education must or undertake a period of study at another submit official transcripts to the registrar. The institution must petition the Faculty registrar’s evaluation will include: a list of Subcommittee on Administration (preferably courses accepted toward a Lawrence degree, in advance of enrolling elsewhere) to seek the credit value of each course in terms of the approval of their proposed course of study. original institution’s system, a statement of the Petitions must include titles and descriptions of term-course equivalent of the total number of courses; length of session or term and, in the credits accepted, a statement of the value of case of summer work, number of hours of the grades earned at the former institution in participation (class, laboratory, field, or studio); the student’s cumulative composite grade- and statements of support from the student’s point average, a notation of credits that may be advisor and from the chairs of the departments pending completion of work or approval by a that would offer the courses were they part of Lawrence department, a notation of courses the Lawrence curriculum. Credit is normally denied for unsatisfactory grades or because the granted on the basis of 6 units for each three- subject is not applicable to a liberal arts or and-one-third semester credit hours or five music degree, a statement of the work required quarter hours. Students must receive grades of for graduation, a statement of the class to C– or better for courses to be accepted. which the student has been admitted. Normally no more than 12 units may be Course work from other institutions may earned in a summer session. not be used to fulfill the writing and speaking Transfer credit may be used to fulfill general education requirements. general education and other degree require- Any student wishing to transfer credit ments, except for the writing and speaking from an institution in a foreign country must competency requirements. Students wishing to submit transcripts/documents to educational apply transfer credit to a general education Credential evaluators, Inc., before credit can requirement should clearly state that desire in be accepted for transfer. their petition. Individual departments will Individual departments will determine if determine if transfer credit fulfills major transfer credit fulfills major requirements. requirements. As programs are approved, the registrar

300 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS notifies students in writing of the credits that units) to students who have achieved a score of will be allowed and the grades that will be 5 or above on all examinations in the course required for transfer of credit. This communica- of achieving an International Baccalaureate tion also will indicate whether an examination diploma. Students who received a score below at Lawrence will be required. No transfer credits 5 on any examination but completed the will be recorded without submission of official diploma will receive 6 units for each grade of transcripts or certificates of work completed; 5, 6, or 7 on higher- or subsidiary-level exami- student grade reports are not sufficient. nations. Students who have completed individ- Transfer credit is used only in computing ual courses in the International Baccalaureate the composite gPA (see page 298). Program will receive 6 units for a grade of 5, Continuing students seeking to transfer 6, or 7 on an International Baccalaureate credit from other institutions should review higher-level examination. the residence requirements for their degree Credit awarded for these examinations program (see residence requirements, may be used to fulfill the general education page 23). requirements. Individual academic departments will make decisions on placement or on the use of International Baccalaureate courses to Credit for Advanced fulfill major requirements. Placement Examinations

The Advanced Placement program of the Completion of the foreign College Board offers high school students the language General Education opportunity to study prescribed courses in Requirement many subject areas and to take nationally administered examinations on these courses. The foreign language general education Lawrence will give 6 units in the appropriate requirement can be completed in a variety discipline for a score of four or five on an of ways. advanced placement examination, except for • Students may begin or continue language multiple examinations with substantial shared study at Lawrence and fulfill the requirement material, for which the credit granted may be by completing a course at the appropriate limited to 6 units. Individual departments may level. decide to award additional credit. • Credit granted for a College Board Advanced Credit awarded for advanced-placement Placement examination or an International examinations may be used to fulfill the Baccalaureate examination in a foreign general education requirements. Individual language will be applied to the general departments will determine whether education requirement based on placement advanced-placement credit fulfills major in the language sequence. requirements and the placement of students • Students may take a Lawrence Univer-sity who wish to undertake further work in that placement/proficiency examination in a discipline. foreign language. The appropriate language department will determine placement and Credit for International whether the foreign language general education requirement will be waived. Degree Baccalaureate Program credit is not awarded for these examinations. • Students may complete the language require- Lawrence will grant sophomore standing (48 ment by presenting documentation for CLeP credits in Spanish. Four CLeP credits will complete the requirement for the B.A. and

301 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS

B.A./B.mus. degree programs. Two CLeP Petitions for readmission are directed to credits will complete the requirement for the the dean of student academic services for B.mus. degree program. No degree credit consideration by the Faculty Subcommittee will be awarded for CLeP examinations. on Administration. The petition should include • The requirement will be waived for interna- a clear and detailed explanation of why the tional students whose high school program student terminated his or her enrollment or was conducted in a language other than overstayed a leave of absence, what academic english. or other worthwhile activities occupied the • Students whose native language is not English student while he or she was withdrawn from must demonstrate proficiency in that language the university, and why the student wants to be if his or her high school program was readmitted. conducted primarily in english. For written A student who does not follow these languages, proficiency includes the ability to procedures for a leave or a withdrawal or who read and write the language. For languages in fails to meet refund deadlines (see Tuition, which proficiency cannot be assessed by a Fees, and refunds, page 308) may forfeit the Lawrence faculty member, students must pro- continuing-enrollment deposit. vide a letter from a person in authority who is not a family member (e.g., a headmaster or a teacher). Dean’s List The Dean’s List is an annual honor roll of Leaves of absence students demonstrating exemplary academic and withdrawal performance. The list is compiled at the end of June after Term III grades have been posted. A student who wishes to leave the university To be included on the Dean’s List a student’s should request a leave of absence or withdraw- record must meet the following qualifications: al by completing the request form available • The student must have earned a 3.400 GPA from the dean of student academic services. for the year in all A-F graded courses. The dean, using faculty legislation, will review • The student must have earned at least 36 the request and, upon its approval, will notify units in A-F graded courses during the year. all appropriate university offices. • The student must have no unsatisfactory A student granted a leave may return at grades (U, D+, D, D-, or F) in courses taken any time prior to the expiration of the leave; during the year. otherwise a student is expected to return at • The student must have no grades of I or NR, the end of the leave or request an extension except where the Nr is due to a faculty prior to the end of the leave. A student who member’s not turning in grades for the course. does not return at the expiration of his or her leave, and is not granted an extension, is with- Conferring of degrees drawn from the university. Such a student who then wishes to return must petition the and graduation Faculty Subcommittee on Administration for readmission. Any student who, without a leave Lawrence confers degrees at the end of the of absence, terminates his or her enrollment at Fall and Spring Terms each year but holds its Lawrence or in a Lawrence-sponsored program Commencement only once, in June. Degrees is withdrawn from the university and, like a are not conferred automatically. Students must student who overstays a leave of absence, may apply for graduation by completing a ques- return only upon approval of a petition for tionnaire distributed by the registrar’s office. readmission. receipt of a completed questionnaire initiates

302 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS a review of the student’s academic record for have completed significant independent projects completion of degree requirements. All grades, may submit their work for evaluation for official transcripts, and other certifying docu- Honors in Independent Study. Both types of ments, such as the major-completion form, honors are indicated in the Commencement must be filed at the registrar’s office before a program and on official transcripts, and both degree can be awarded. Students enrolled in are granted in three grades, cum laude, magna the five-year B.A./B.mus. program must cum laude, and summa cum laude, by vote of the complete all program requirements before faculty acting on the recommendation of the receiving either degree. university Committee on Honors. Once a degree is conferred, a student may not apply additional credit to that degree. Honors in course Participation in Commencement is a Performance in courses taken at Lawrence privilege earned by students who complete or as part of Lawrence-approved off-campus degree requirements. Students who expect to programs (degree gPA), as well as a student’s finish and receive their degrees by the end of entire academic record (composite gPA), the calendar year may petition to participate in determines a student’s eligibility to receive Commencement the June before their degree honors. The committee uses as guidelines the is conferred. Petitions to participate in following grade-point averages: Commencement must be submitted to the 3.40 to 3.69 for cum laude Faculty Subcommittee on Administration no 3.70 to 3.89 for magna cum laude later than April 15. 3.90 to 4.00 for summa cum laude each time degrees are conferred, the per- Honors in Course are not awarded auto- manent records of the graduates are reprinted matically, however. The committee examines with the date and the nature of the degrees all students’ records individually and recognizes awarded. This information will be included that in certain situations cumulative averages in all transcripts requested after the degree are not accurate measures of a student’s date. Diplomas are printed once each year and achievements in course. If, for example, a distributed at Commencement in June. Official student has taken an unusually large number transcripts, diplomas, and letters certifying of courses on a S/U basis, has completed an completion of all requirements will be released unusual student-designed major, or has only for students whose accounts with the performed with distinction on a departmental business office are clear. examination, the committee may consider departmental or committee evaluations and Honors at graduation other relevant data. Students who transfer from other colleges The faculty of Lawrence University grants or universities, as well as students who under- honors at graduation both to encourage students take virtually all of their course work at to do superior academic work and to recognize Lawrence, qualify for Honors in Course on superior performance. Honors in Course and the same basis. Students normally must achieve Honors in Independent Study recognize two the stated guidelines in both the degree gPA distinctive kinds of academic achievement; and the composite gPA to qualify for a given some students each year receive both types of level of honors. honors. Students who have distinguished themselves in fulfilling the requirements for Honors in independent study the bachelor’s degree are awarded Honors in Students may also earn honors at graduation Course, primarily on the basis of their cumula- through the successful completion of an hon- tive grade-point averages, while those who ors project (see Honors Projects, page 265).

303 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS

Confidentiality of student and others who may be involved, such as instructors, department chairs, or deans, and education records seek their approval. Petitions for exceptions to academic regulations must contain the Lawrence requires students to give consent in signature of the student’s advisor(s) and, writing before any personally identifiable depending on the exception requested, the information from their education records can instructor’s or department chair’s signature be released, except to the extent allowed by may also be required. the Family educational rights and Privacy Act (FerPA). It is each student’s responsibility to communicate information about grades, Grievance procedures academic progress, or disciplinary actions to parents, guardians, or other family members. On occasion, students may have a grievance For further information about student concerning the action or lack of action of a rights with respect to education records, member of the Lawrence community in a FerPA, and release of education records, see matter unrelated to the policies on Sexual the Student Handbook (http://www.lawrence. Harassment and Sexual Assault (see Student edu/ref/sturef/handbook/). Handbook: http://www.lawrence.edu/ ref/ sturef/handbook/). The grievance Procedures should be utilized to seek a resolution to Petitions for exceptions to the situation that is acceptable to all parties academic regulations concerned. 1. The student shall first attempt to discuss University regulations govern the academic the problem with the individual most progress of students, the welfare of the directly involved in the grievance. In most community, and the equitable and orderly con- cases, such a discussion will yield a mutually duct of university affairs. On occasion, howev- acceptable resolution. er, individual circumstances may warrant 2. If a discussion is impossible or unable to exceptions to established regulations, and resolve the grievance, the student may then students may petition the appropriate officer of consult with an appropriate member of the the university or university committee for such administration, who may suggest possible exceptions. Petitions for exceptions to social solutions as appropriate or who may act regulations should be directed to the dean of as an informal mediator. If the problem is students; petitions for exceptions to academic with a member of the faculty, the appro- regulations should be directed to the Faculty priate person for the student to consult is Subcommittee on Administration via the the dean of the faculty. If the problem is registrar or dean of student academic services; with another student, staff member, or petitions for exceptions to conservatory administrator, the appropriate person for requirements should be directed to the dean the student to consult is the dean of students. of the conservatory; and petitions concerning Other members of the Lawrence community business affairs should be directed to the vice- from whom the student may wish to seek president for business affairs. Petitions will counsel include professional counseling be reviewed by the appropriate entity and staff or the student’s faculty advisor, resi- decisions communicated to the petitioning dence hall director, or residence life advisor. students. 3. If informal conversation fails to resolve a Petitions should contain a clear and grievance, the student may request either detailed statement of the exception requested the dean of the faculty, the vice president and the reasons for the request. Students for business affairs, or the dean of students, should review petitions with faculty advisors depending on the nature of the problem,

304 ACADemIC PrOCeDUreS AND regULATIONS to review the case formally. To call for neither party is bound to act on the such a formal review of a grievance against recommendation. The dean or vice president a student or a staff or faculty member, the will send a written assessment of the griev- complainant must send to the dean or vice ance and recommendation for its resolution president a written statement that explains to the complainant and the respondent. the grievance and reviews the action taken 4. If the procedures do not result in a resolu- to that point. The complainant may also tion of the grievance, the complainant may include proposals for a solution of the request that a panel of faculty and staff grievance. The complainant must send a members be convened to hear the grievance copy of this statement to the student or and render a final decision. Upon receipt staff or faculty member against whom the of such a request in writing, the dean or grievance is alleged. The vice president or vice president will ask the complainant dean then will request a written response and the respondent to submit lists of up to to the statement from the other individual three members of the faculty and staff. The in the dispute. He or she may seek additional dean or vice president will select one person information and may meet with either or from each of those lists and name a third both parties. On the basis of the statement member of the faculty or staff to chair the of the grievance, the response, and any panel. The grievance panel will receive all additional information gathered by the dean written documents related to the grievance or vice president, he or she may decide (1) and may interview both the complainant that the respondent has acted responsibly and the respondent before rendering its and the complainant has been given an decision, in writing, to the complainant, adequate explanation of the situation from the respondent, and the dean. The com- which the grievance arose; (2) that there plainant or respondent may appeal to the has been a violation of university regulations president to reverse the decision of the or procedures, in which case the dean or grievance panel. The decision of the president vice president will direct the party in is final. violation of the regulations or procedures to correct the violation; or (3) that the situation is not specifically covered by university regulations or procedures. In the last case, he or she may offer a recommendation regarding appropriate action, but

305 Admission, Fees, and Financial Aid advanced theory placement test in addition to Admission the above-mentioned requirements. Generally, course work in the arts and sciences completed Admission to the university satisfactorily at accredited institutions is accepted toward a Lawrence degree. Lawrence admits students who can profit from Please see page 23 for information on what the university has to offer and who will residence requirements for each degree program. contribute to the academic and residential On occasion, Lawrence accepts qualified communities. We recommend that high school applicants for early admission who are prepared students take at least 16 academic units from to begin college at the end of the junior year the areas of English, mathematics, history, social of high school. studies, natural sciences, and foreign languages. Lawrence adheres to a need-blind We are interested in students who have chal- admission policy. lenged themselves in high school, who have performed well in their academic work, who Application deadlines and express themselves well both verbally and in writing, who understand the value of a liberal campus visits arts education, and who are imaginative, ener- getic, and willing to become active members of There are three application deadlines for first- a learning community. year students planning to enroll in September. Lawrence considers the strength of each Early Decision: November 15 applicant’s course of study, grades, standardized Early Action: December 1 test scores, recommendations, and extracurricular Regular Decision: January 15 activities, roughly in that order. Lawrence accepts Early Decision should be elected only by those either the SAT I or ACT scores for admission. students who are confident that Lawrence is International students may also submit the their first-choice college, as it is a binding Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) decision. Early Decision candidates will be if English is not the primary language of the notified by December 1 and are required to applicant. make a commitment by January 1. Candidates for the Bachelor of Music Early Action is not binding; candidates degree and for the five-year double-degree will be notified by January 15 but are not program are evaluated additionally on musi- required to make a commitment until May 1. cianship, musical background, performance Regular Decision candidates will be noti- potential, and music teachers’ recommendations. fied of a decision by April 1. Along with the regular application forms, Transfer admission to any of the three terms music degree applicants must complete a is by rolling admission. supplementary music form, submit a recom- Lawrence welcomes visits by prospective mendation from a private music teacher, and students, as a campus visit is the best way to audition on their primary instrument. learn about a college. We encourage students We welcome applications from transfer to visit when classes are in session and there students who wish to complete their degrees is an abundance of campus activities. We can at Lawrence. Transfer candidates are required to arrange class visits, individual meetings with submit college transcripts and a college faculty faculty, meals, a campus tour, and an interview recommendation along with the application, with an admissions officer. We ask that visits secondary school report, final high school be arranged at least two weeks in advance transcript, and ACT or SAT I results. Transfer and that students limit residence-hall overnights candidates for the music degree must audition to one night. We cannot provide overnights on on their primary instrument and pass an campus for Fridays and Saturdays. Summer visits consist of an interview and campus tour.

307 ADMISSION, FEES, AND FINANCIAL AID

The equivalent of at least 12 terms (216 Tuition, fees, units) of tuition, less transfer or advanced- and refunds placement credit, must be paid by single-degree students prior to the awarding of the degree. Double-degree students must pay the equivalent Admission and of at least 15 terms (270 units) of tuition. matriculation fees $30 Fee payable with application by all Incremental fees applicants. $200 Continuing enrollment deposit to Students enrolled and assessed according to the ensure registration and housing for comprehensive fee schedule for the full 12 terms each term. Deposit payable by all may take courses above the normal course load admitted students on receiving notice in any of those terms at no extra cost. Students of admission, on return from a leave enrolled full-time for more than 12 terms may of absence, or on readmission following elect tuition assessment by-the-term or by-the- a withdrawal. Refundable: on gradua- course for the 13th and succeeding terms. tion or on written notification of Students choosing to take more or less withdrawal or leave of absence prior than the normal course load and choosing to to September 1 for Term I, December pay the regular comprehensive fee will contract 15 for Term II, and March 15 for for at least 12 terms (216 units) of tuition pay- Term III. Refunds are reduced by any ments (15 terms, 270 units for students in the unpaid obligations to the university. double-degree program), less the equivalent in Nonrefundable: on withdrawal prior transfer or advanced-placement credits, prior to to matriculation or withdrawal or the awarding of the degree. Units per term of leave of absence without timely, proper between 17 and 19 are the norm. Per-credit notice after matriculation. payment terms are available. Financial aid will $20 Matriculation fee for initial enrollment. be adjusted accordingly for per-credit payment.

Comprehensive fee 2002-2003 Other fees and costs $23,487 Tuition per three-term year. Payable $150-250 Textbook cost per term, approximate in installments of $7,829 each term. $27 Residence hall activity fee per three- $2,346 Double room charge per three-term term year. Payable at the residence year. Room charges for single occu- hall on arrival. pancy are higher than double occu- $190 Music lesson charge per term, one- pancy. half hour of instruction per week, for $3,111 175 meals per term with $150 students not majoring in music. (For Memorial Union Grill credit, per more information, see page 258 in three-term year. Board plans vary on the “Conservatory of Music” section the number of meals-per-term and or page 179 under Music in the the amount of credit given for “Courses of Study” section.) purchases at the student union. $180 Student organization/Lawrence Note: Medical insurance is not provided for students University Community Council fee by the university. A student insurance plan offering for three-term year. Payable in install- accident and sickness coverage is available through a ments of $60 per term. local agent. Details may be obtained from the Office $29,124 Total comprehensive fee, per three- of the Dean of Students. term year. Includes tuition, double room, full board, and activity fee. 308 ADMISSION, FEES, AND FINANCIAL AID

Bills and payments Room and board

Bills are mailed to the student’s home address Lawrence University is a residential college, approximately three weeks before they are due and all students are expected to live on campus for each term. The bill reflects appropriate throughout their entire enrollment. Exemptions adjustments for merit awards and financial aid are granted to veterans, fifth-year students awards based upon receipt of a signed Lawrence (including those starting their fifth year after financial aid acceptance form. Due dates will high school), married students, and commuting not be extended. If the bill is not received students who are living with their parents, sib- within two weeks before registration, the lings, or a Lawrence employee. Any student business office should be notified so that a who is eligible to live off-campus must submit duplicate can be issued. a written request for permission from the dean Students will not be allowed to complete of students. registration or continue attending classes until Room charges are: double occupancy, term fees have been paid in full or a payment $2,346 per three-term year, single occupancy, arrangement has been approved by the business $2,715 per three-term year. Changes of office. Once satisfactory payment arrangements occupancy will be reflected on the student have been made, a conditional registration is account as they occur. Residence hall rooms signed by the business office and the student, are provided with essential furniture; students specifying that the account will be paid by the must provide their own linens. sixth week of that term. Board plans include a 175-meals-per- The student will be informed periodically term plan with $150 grill credit, two of the status of the account and notified 132-meals-per-term plans, two 110-meals-per- promptly if the terms of the conditional term plans, and two 77-meals-per-term plans. registration are not being met. Students who All students are required to eat their meals in do not pay their fees as agreed will be put on campus dining facilities. Meal plans are subject administrative leave for the next term and will to change. not be allowed to return until the following Residence halls open for new students on term, when all outstanding fees must be paid the day prior to the first day of New Student in full, along with the payment for the upcom- Week, and the first board meal is served when ing term. Failure to make payment for subse- New Student Week begins. Rooms for return- quent terms by the due dates, after being rein- ing students will be available the day preceding stated as a student, will result in permanent student registration; the first meal is served for separation from the college. them that evening. Bills for additional charges incurred for The obligations of the university to course-related or extracurricular activities or resident students for room and board cease purchases are sent to the student’s campus after breakfast on the day following the last address and not to the home address. Students examination at the end of each term or after are expected to pay these obligations when due. the last class before each vacation period within Official transcripts, diplomas, and letters a term. In the third term, a 24-hour period certifying completion of all requirements will after the individual student’s last examination is not be released until all accumulated fees and allowed for packing. charges have been paid or satisfactory arrange- The room and board charge does not ments made. include the December break, or any other Term I fees are due on September 1, period when dining halls or residences are 2002. Term II fees are due December 15, 2002. closed. Additional charges may be made for Term III fees are due March 15, 2003. room or board during these periods. Residence halls will remain open during the Thanksgiving and spring breaks, but dining 309 ADMISSION, FEES, AND FINANCIAL AID rooms will be closed. Special provisions will student may qualify for a reduction in charges be made for students remaining on campus that are due the university. who request Thanksgiving Day dinner. Dining If a student takes a leave of absence or rooms will serve the first board meal on the withdraws prior to the 60-percent point of the following Sunday evening. The Memorial term, tuition, room, and board charges will be Union will be open limited hours during based on the number of calendar days the breaks. student was in attendance. A student who remains on campus after the approved leave of absence or withdrawal date will be charged Refunds pro rata for room and board through the date on which they depart, as determined by the dean In 1999 Lawrence adopted a refund policy in of students. Activity fees will not be refunded. accordance with the U.S. Department of Computation of the 60-percent point Education’s 1998 Reauthorization of The will be based on the total number of calendar Higher Education Amendments (Section days in the term beginning with the first day 668.22). of classes and ending with the last day of final examinations. For the 2002-03 academic year, Leave of absence or withdrawal before these dates are: the first day of classes Term I November 9, 2002 Full room, board, tuition, and activity fees will Term II February 19, 2003 be refunded upon proper notification of with- Term III May 14, 2003 drawal or leave of absence prior to the first day A non-refundable $200 withdrawal fee of classes for any term. Written notification of will be assessed each time a student withdraws leave of absence or withdrawal must be directed or takes a leave of absence from the university, to the dean of student academic services. unless the leave of absence or withdrawal is Students who fail to notify the university before the first day of classes of each term. of their decision not to enroll for classes by the Federal, state, institutional, and private date fees for the term are due (see Bills and financial aid funds (except for federal work Payments, page 000) will forfeit their continu- study funds) awarded to the student will be ing enrollment deposit (CED) of $200. reduced based on the number of calendar days the student was in attendance up to the Leave of absence or withdrawal on or 60-percent point of the term. After 60 percent after the first day of classes of the term has been completed, financial aid Students who take a leave of absence or with- awards will not be adjusted. Further details and draw from the university after classes are in examples can be obtained at the financial aid session may qualify for a reduction in certain office. charges that are due to the university. Refund checks will not be issued until A student must request a change in status, two weeks after either the last date of atten- including a leave of absence or withdrawal dance or the student’s departure date, which- from the dean of student academic services. ever is later. Students who wish to request this change, or discuss such an option, should make an Petitions for exceptions to this policy must be made appointment with the dean of student academic in writing to the vice president for business affairs. services before completing the required form. If granted permission for a change of status, a

310 ADMISSION, FEES, AND FINANCIAL AID

are reviewed annually for renewal; students Financial aid must meet specifically stated criteria for continued eligibility of merit awards. Lawrence awards a variety of merit scholar- The largest single source of aid funds for ships based upon demonstrated academic Lawrence students is the Lawrence University achievement or musical talent. The bulk of Grant program. This resource comes from Lawrence’s financial assistance, however, is endowment income and annual contributions reserved for those students who have demon- from alumni and friends of the university. strated financial need. Loan options available to eligible students Students are eligible for consideration for and parents include the Federal Direct Stafford financial aid from Lawrence funds, federal aid Student Loan, the Federal Perkins Loan, and programs, and state aid programs. Approximately the Federal PLUS parent loan, as well as 85 percent of our students receive more than private sources. $18 million in financial aid awards each year in Returning students must attend a special the form of grants and scholarships, loans, and financial aid meeting held each winter in order work-study funds. Lawrence subscribes to to receive materials for future consideration of institutional methodology in determining aid eligibility. Further, exit interviews are eligibility for financial aid. required for all student recipients of federal Students must submit the Free Application loans prior to leaving the university. for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) as well as the Approximately half of the student body Lawrence Application for Financial Aid. If the works part-time on campus as part of the student’s application is selected by the U. S. student employment program. Campus employ- Department of Education for a process called ment allows students to earn money to pay for verification, the applicant is required to submit a portion of their college expenses. signed copies of federal income tax returns, Applicants are encouraged to apply for including W-2 forms, for both the parent(s) and any local scholarships for which they may be student, where applicable. Final determination eligible. of financial need is made after a student has Lawrence-sponsored merit scholarships been offered admission and upon receipt of all typically range from $12,000 to $40,000 over financial aid documents as described above. four years (up to $50,000 for students in the Lawrence’s financial aid commitment will double-degree program). continue throughout a student’s career at Lawrence is need-blind in its admission Lawrence for as long as the family evidences policy and, therefore, does not consider financial financial need and the student is making need in evaluating a student’s admissibility to satisfactory progress toward the completion of the university. a degree. Academic and musical merit awards

311 Awards, Societies, and Fellowships Awards and prizes The Maurice Cunningham Phi Beta Kappa Prize, to an outstanding junior A variety of awards and prizes are made to The Margaret Gary Daniels Keyboard students and faculty members at the annual Performance Award honors convocation in the spring, including: The Arthur C. Denney Trophy, to a track man for team spirit and leadership The John J. and Graciela Alfieri Tuition Alice S. Diderrich Prize in Creative Writing Scholarship in Spanish The Clyde Duncan Scholarship The Mrs. H. K. Babcock Award, for service The Miriam Clapp Duncan Award in Organ to students and Harpsichord The Paul V. Bacon Prize in Latin The Herman Erb Prize in German The Louis C. Baker Memorial Award in The Otho Pearre Fairfield Prize Scholarship, Modern Languages to a junior for distinguished service to others The Baker Prize in Modern Languages The John Herbert and Mamie E. Farley Prize The Ruth Bateman Award, for excellence in Scholarship in Philosophy scholarship, athletic ability, and leadership by The Fraternity Scholarship Cup a woman The Outstanding Freshman Athletic Award The Andrew C. Berry-James C. Stewart Prize for Men in Mathematics The Outstanding Freshman Athletic Award The H. S. Biggers Scholarship Prize for Women Botanical Society of America Merit Award The Freshman Studies Teaching Award J. Bruce Brackenridge Prize in Physics The Freshman Studies Writing Prize The Campus Life Award, for leadership and The Christine Gerdes Award in Anthropology service The Judith Anne Gustafson Memorial Award, The John Allen “Wally” Chambers Memorial for outstanding scholarship and character Leadership Award The Richard A. Harrison Award for Research The Iden Charles Champion Award in in the Humanities and Social Sciences Commerce and Industry, to a student The Bernard E. Heselton Award in the Department of Economics The Hicks Prize in Fiction The Iden Charles Champion Cup, for The Hicks Prize in Poetry excellence in scholarship, athletic ability, The Paul C. Hollinger Award in Music History college spirit, and loyalty The Joseph A. Hopfensperger Björklunden The Undergraduate Award in Analytical Scholarships Chemistry The Marjory Irvin Prize, for excellence in The American Institute of Chemists Award piano performance The POLYED Organic Chemistry Award The Anne Prioleau Jones Tuition Scholarship The Senior Chemistry Award in French The CRC Press Freshman Chemistry The Martin Luther King Award, mirroring the Achievement Award excellence for which Dr. King is remembered The Sophomore Prize in Computer Science The Ralph V. Landis Award, for outstanding The F. Theodore Cloak Award in Theatre contributions to Lawrence athletics by a The Maurice P. and Regina C. Cunningham male athlete Prize in Greek The Lantern Community Service Award

313 AWARDS, SOCIETIES, AnD FELLOWSHIPS

The Latin League of Wisconsin College Awards The William F. Raney Prize in History The Charles F. Lauter International Student The Marion Read Award, for outstanding Prize, awarded for scholarship, leadership, contributions to Lawrence athletics service, and support for the international The Gervais E. and Mary Katherine Reed community at Lawrence Award, for achievement and service, to a The La Vahn Maesch Prize Scholarship in Organ senior woman The Letterwinner Award, for outstanding The Theodore L. Rehl Prize, for excellence in athletic participation the performance of chamber music The Edith A. Mattson Prize, awarded for The Alexander J. Reid Prize in English significant contribution to life in Russell The Estelle Ray Reid Scholarship in Art Sage Hall The Estelle Ray Reid Prize in Library Science The Jessie Mae Pate McConagha Prize, for The Thomas B. Reid Scholarship in Journalism scholarship in history The Elizabeth Richardson Award, for out The William A. McConagha Prize, for standing women majoring in studio art and excellence in economics art history The John F. McMahon Tuition Scholarship The Sumner Richman Student Research in German Award in Biology The Elizabeth Black Miller String Scholarships The Patricia Ritter Prize in Chinese Culture The James Ming Scholarship in musical The Patricia Ritter Prize in Chinese Language composition The Howard and Helen Russell Award for The Mortar Board Honorary Award, for Excellence in Biological Research faculty excellence The Fred Schroeder Prize in Wind Performance The Edwin H. Olson Award in Human Services The Louis Henry Schutte Memorial Prize in The Peabody Prize in Latin English The Peerenboom Prize Scholarship in the The William M. Schutte Grant for Student Field of Semantics Summer Research The Phi Beta Kappa Freshman Scholarship Prize The John H. Scidmore Memorial Award, for The Pi Kappa Lambda Composition Award scholarship, service, and devotion to senior The Pi Kappa Lambda Jazz Composition Award classmates The Pi Kappa Lambda Freshman Prize The Senior Art Prize for Men The Pi Kappa Lambda Sophomore Prize The Sorority Scholarship Cup The Pi Kappa Lambda Music Education The Warren Hurst Stevens Prize Scholarship, Teaching Award for scholarship and useful activity in university The Political Science Journal Award affairs by a junior man The Charles E. Pond Award for Men The Richard S. Stowe Prize, to the outstanding The Pond Athletic Award for Women graduating French major The Mojmir Povolny Prize in Government The Tank-Palmquist-Ross Geology Award The President’s Prize, for outstanding academic The Jean Wiley Thickens Prize, in science performance education The Presser Foundation Music Scholarship The Tichenor Prize in English The E. Dane Purdo Award, to an exceptional The Harriet Tubman Prize student in art or ceramics The E. Graham Waring Prize in Religious Studies

314 AWARDS, SOCIETIES, AnD FELLOWSHIPS

The Edwin n. and Ruth Z. West Scholarships, their fields, and check departmental bulletin for scholarship and leadership boards on which fellowship notices are posted. The Ralph White Prize in Mathematics Lawrence students regularly compete for The Alexander Wiley Prize, for principled the following major fellowships. independence of thought, moral courage, and Fulbright Grants creative commitment to a significant cause Mr. Law The Charlotte Wood Prize in English The Fulbright Program makes grants to U.S. The Henry Merritt Wriston Scholarship Award, citizens and nationals of other countries for a for academic excellence and multiple abilities variety of educational activities in approximately 100 countries, primarily to those involved in university teaching, advanced research, graduate Academic honorary societies study, and teaching in elementary and secondary schools. The Lawrence chapter of Phi Beta Kappa elects as members senior students who have Gates Cambridge Trust demonstrated superior scholarship. The society Mr. Seaman also sponsors lectures and awards scholastic The Trust provides full-cost scholarships for honors for academic performance in the graduate study at the University of Cambridge. freshman and junior years. Candidates must have demonstrated academic Pi Kappa Lambda is the highest honor for achievement, be admissible to Cambridge, and Conservatory of Music students, recognizing be committed to “use the benefits of higher exceptional musical and scholastic ability. education for the common good.” Mortar Board, a national honor society for senior men and women, elects members Goldwater Scholarships at the end of their junior year on the basis of Ms. Blackwell outstanding leadership, scholarship, and service The Barry M. Goldwater Scholarships seek to to the academic community. foster and encourage excellence in science and Lambda Sigma, a national honorary society mathematics. Sophomores and juniors who are for sophomore men and women, fosters lead- planning careers in math or science may apply ership, scholarship, fellowship, and the spirit of for one or two years of support and for con- service among college students. sideration for graduate school support. Departmental honorary societies include Phi Sigma, biology; Eta Sigma Phi, classics; and Howard Hughes Fellowships Psi Chi, psychology. Mr. Rence Howard Hughes Predoctoral Fellowships in the Biological Sciences support full-time study Fellowships toward a Ph.D. or Sc.D. degree in biological science, including biochemistry and biophysics. Many fellowships and other sources of financial aid are available for graduate study. The Career Marshall Scholarships Center library contains several comprehensive Ms. Skran directories of financial aid for graduate and The Marshall Scholarship Program enables U.S. specialized study as well as more detailed citizens who are graduates of U.S. colleges and information on specific fellowships. Students universities to study for a degree from a uni- also should visit the Fellowships and Scholarships versity in the United Kingdom for a period of for Students Web page (www.lawrence.edu/ at least two academic years in any subject. dept/faculty_dean/fellowships.shtml), consult with department chairs about fellowships in

315 AWARDS, SOCIETIES, AnD FELLOWSHIPS

Mellon Fellowships Rotary Graduate Fellowships Mr. Taylor Mr. Seaman The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation awards The Rotary Foundation awards graduate graduate fellowships for as many as three years scholarships to allow men and women to com- in order to attract exceptionally promising plete one academic year of study in another students into preparation for careers of human- country where Rotary Clubs are located. ities teaching and scholarship. Truman Scholarships National Science Foundation Mr. Purkey Graduate Fellowships The Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation Mr. Brandenberger makes awards to college juniors who have Three-year $15,000 plus tuition-waiver fellow- demonstrated interest in and outstanding ships are awarded for study and research leading potential for leadership in public service. This to master’s or doctoral degrees in the mathe- grant covers expenses of up to $30,000 over matical, physical, biological, engineering, and four years, including three years of graduate behavioral and social sciences, including the school. history of science and philosophy of science, and to research-based Ph.D. degrees in science Udall Scholarships education. Mr. Hoch The Morris K. Udall Scholarship provides National Security Education funding for undergraduate work in Program (graduate) environmental studies or native American nSEP Graduate International Fellowships studies. The maximum stipend is $5,000, and support graduate study in foreign languages college sophomores or juniors may apply. and area studies of regions critical to U.S. national security. Study concerning 60 countries Watson Fellowships and 30 languages receives three years of support Mr. Spurgin at $4,000 a year and $20,000 a year for an Grants of $22,000 ($31,000 if the student is overseas component. married) are awarded by the Thomas J. Watson Foundation for “a focused and disciplined National Security Education Wanderjahr of the student’s own devising.” Program (undergraduate) Lawrence nominates four students each year. nSEP focuses on geographical areas, languages, and fields of study deemed critical to U.S. national security. Grants of up to $8,000 are available for study in any of 50 countries.

Rhodes Scholarships Mr. Pourciau The will of Cecil Rhodes provides funds for up to 32 unmarried U.S. citizens selected annually to study for a degree at Oxford University. These highly competitive awards are given for two or three years.

316 Directory 2002 Board of Trustees J. Terrence Franke, ’68 Principal, Hewitt Associates Officers of the Corporation Henry Louis Gates Jr. Jeffrey D. Riester, chair W.E.B. Du Bois Professor of the William O. Hochkammer, Jr., vice-chair Humanities; chair, Afro-American studies, Margaret Carroll, secretary Harvard University William F. Hodgkiss, treasurer Lori A. Glynn, assistant secretary and Susan Nelson Goldsmith, ’65 assistant treasurer Richard L. Gunderson Edith G. Andrew Retired chairman of the board, Retired Aid Association for Lutherans

William J. Baer, ’72 Barbara Bryant Hiller, ’68 Partner/attorney, Arnold & Porter Author, children’s books

Oscar C. Boldt William O. Hochkammer, Jr., ’66 Chairman/contractor, The Boldt Group, Inc. Attorney/partner, Honigman Miller Schwartz & Cohn Douglas A. Brengel, ’72 Managing director/investment banker, Catheryn E. Hoehn, ’64 Salomon Smith Barney Head counselor, Troy High School

Robert C. Buchanan, ’62 Margaret Banta Humleker, ’41 President, Fox Valley Corporation Former director, Banta Company

Margaret Carroll, ’61 Harry M. Jansen Kraemer, Jr., ’77 Editorial and business consultant Chairman and chief executive officer, (self-employed) Baxter International, Inc.

G. Craig Christensen, ’71 Harold E. Jordan, ’72 Partner, Semper Development Ltd. Chief executive officer, Madras Packaging, LLC Ellen E. Douglass, ’74 Attorney, Law Offices of Ellen E. Douglass Kim Hiett Jordan, ’58 Advisory board, Arthritis Foundation, North John H. Ellerman, ’58 Texas Chapter; Board member, Community Retired Partners, Child Protective Services

James D. Ericson Thomas C. Kayser, ’58 Chairman emeritus, Northwestern Mutual Attorney, Robins, Kaplan, Miller & Ciresi, LLP James L. Fetterly, ’58 Of counsel, Robins, Kaplan, Miller & John T. Leatham, ’58 Ciresi, LLP Consultant (self-employed)

Lewis C. Lofgren Chief executive officer, ADE, Inc.

318 TRUSTEES

Attorney, Mayer, Brown & Platt John A. Luke, Jr., ’71 President, and chief executive officer, Emeriti Trustees MeadWestvaco Corporation George Banta III, ’45 James Hart Merrell, ’75 Retired chairman of the board, Professor of history, Vassar College George Banta Company

Gregory R. O’Meara, ’72 Catherine B. Cleary Partner/attorney, O’Meara & Kinnealey Retired chairman of the board, First Wisconsin Trust Company Overton B. Parrish, ’55 President and chief executive officer, Elizabeth F. Cutler Phoenix Health Care Fred Herbolzheimer, Jr. Judith A. Paul Retired president, Thilmany Pulp and Paper Co-chairman of the board, Renaissance Company; retired senior vice-president and Learning, Inc. director, Hammermill Paper Company

Virginia S. Purdy, ’38 Marjorie Buchanan Kiewit, ’43 Owner/operator, Purdy Ranch President emerita, Peter Kiewit Foundation

Marion C. Read Henry H. Kimberly, Jr., ’42 Retired Retired president, Morgan Company

Jeffrey D. Riester, ’70 Donald S. Koskinen, ’50 Attorney/manager, Appleton office, Retired president, Banta Company Godfrey & Kahn, SC George W. Mead II Nancy V. Scarff Chairman, Mead Witter Foundation Trustee, Stephen Edward Scarff Memorial Foundation John P. Reeve, ’34 Retired president and chief executive Robert J. Schaupp, ’51 officer, Appleton Papers, Inc. President, P & S Investment Company, Inc. Arthur P. Remley Campbell Scott, ’83 Retired attorney Actor, director Mary B. Sensenbrenner Donald A. Smart, ’64 General manager/owner, Marais Enterprises Donald C. Shepard LLC Retired chairman of the board, Menasha Corporation Cynthia Stiehl, C’89 Singer Mowry Smith Retired senior vice-president and secretary, Richard Warch Menasha Corporation President, Lawrence University

Priscilla Peterson Weaver, C’69 319 Faculty Richard Bjella (1984) Minoo D. Adenwalla (1959) Associate professor of music and director of Professor emeritus of government choral studies University of Bombay, B.A.; Northwestern Cornell College, B.Mus.; University of Iowa, University, M.S., Ph.D. M.M. Interests: South Asian and British politics, Interests: choral conducting, music education political philosophy Marcia Bjørnerud (1995) Dan Alger (2000) Professor of geology Associate professor of economics University of Minnesota-Minneapolis, B.S.; Lawrence University, B.A.; Northwestern University of Wisconsin-Madison, M.S., Ph.D. University, M.S., Ph.D. Interests: structural geology, tectonics, rock Interests: game theory, regulatory agencies mechanics, earth history

Matthew E. Ansfield (2000) Mary Frances Blackwell (1989) Assistant professor of psychology Associate professor of chemistry University of Wisconsin–Madison, B.S.; University of Illinois, Urbana, B.A.; University University of Virginia, Ph.D. of California, Berkeley, Ph.D. Interest: social psychology Interests: photosynthesis electron transport, self-organization, biophysics and the Janet Anthony (1984) mathematical description of biological Professor of music phenomena, enzyme kinetics, and other University of Arizona, B.Mus.; Hochschule nonlinear processes für Musik und Darstellende Kunst, Vienna; State University of New York at Stony Peter Blitstein (2001) Brook, M.M. Assistant professor of history Interests: violoncello, music history, chamber Johns Hopkins University, B.A.; University of music California, Berkeley, M.A., Ph.D. Interests: history of the Russian Empire, the Rachel Barnes (2001) Soviet Union, and Eastern Europe Lecturer in art at the London Center University of East Anglia, B.A.; Barber Gina Bloom (2001) Institute of Fine Arts, M.Phil. Assistant professor of English Interest: art history University of Pennsylvania, B.A.; University of Michigan, M.A., Ph.D. John H. Benson (1997) Interests: English Renaissance literature, gender Lecturer in music studies University of Minnesota, B.S.; University of Wisconsin–Madison, B.Mus.; University of Ann Kohlbeck Boeckman (1992) Washington, M.Mus. Lecturer in music Interests: theory, composition Lawrence University, B.Mus.; Western Illinois University, M.A. Gene D. Biringer (1995) Interests: music theory, piano, early childhood Associate professor of music education Rutgers University, B.A.; University of Illinois, M.M.; Yale University, M.Phil., Ph.D. Patrick Boleyn-Fitzgerald (2001) Interests: music theory, composition, music histo- Assistant professor of philosophy ry Miami University, B.A.; University of Arizona, M.A., Ph.D.; Oxford University, M.Phil. 320 Interest: biomedical ethics FACULTY

assisted art Alexis L. Boylan (2002) William A. Chaney (1952) Assistant professor of art history Professor emeritus of history Bryn Mawr College, B.A.; Rutgers University, University of California, Berkeley, B.A., Ph.D.; M.A., Ph.D. Society of Fellows, Harvard University Interests: American and European art history, Interests: the Middle Ages, ancient history photography, popular culture, urban studies, gender studies Jeffrey J. Clark (1998) Assistant professor of geology Joanne Hayes Bozeman (1993) Middlebury College, B.A.; Johns Hopkins Lecturer in music University, Ph.D. University of Arizona, Tucson, B.Mus. Interests: geomorphology, earth surface pro- Interests: voice, singing diction, vocal technique cesses, human influences on the and pedagogy environment

Kenneth W. Bozeman (1977) Kevin Clifton (2002) Frank C. Shattuck Professor of Music Assistant professor of music Baylor University, B.Mus.; University of Arizona, Austin College, B.A.; University of Texas, M.M. M.Mus.; Hochschule für Musik, Munich Interest: music theory Interest: voice Paul M. Cohen (1985) John R. Brandenberger (1968) Professor of history Alice G. Chapman Professor of Physics Clark University, B.A.; University of Chicago, Carleton College, B.A.; Brown University, Sc.M., M.A., Ph.D. Ph.D. Interest: modern European intellectual history Interests: atomic physics, laser physics, modern optics Jeffrey A. Collett (1995) Associate professor of physics Paul E. Bunson (2002) St. Olaf College, B.A.; Harvard University, Assistant professor of physics A.M., Ph.D. University of Pennsylvania, B.S.E.E.; Interests: condensed matter physics, x-ray University of Oregon, M.S., Ph.D. scattering, phase transitions, and critical Interests: defects in solids, radiation effects, phenomena theoretical and computation techniques for solutions to wave equations, optical physics David M. Cook (1965) Professor of physics and the Philetus E. Sawyer Karen L. Carr (1987) Professor of Science Professor of religious studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, B.A.; Harvard Oberlin College, B.A.; Stanford University, Ph.D. University, M.S., Ph.D. Interests: 19th- and 20th-century religious Interests: mathematical physics, pedagogic thought, philosophy of religion, comparative applications of analog and digital computing religion James D. Dana (1961) Alice K. Case (1980) Professor emeritus of economics Instructor in art Yale University, B.A.; Massachusetts Institute of Coe College, B.A.; Lake Forest College; Technology, Ph.D.; University of Minnesota Mundelein College of Loyola University; Interests: capital theory, economics of education Northern Illinois University; Massachusetts College of Art Interests: drawing, art education, computer- 321 FACULTY

John E. Daniel (2002) Donna Di Bella (1996) Associate professor of music Lecturer in music Ball State University, B.Mus.; University of Rutgers University, B.A.; Westminister Choir Iowa, M.A.; University of Michigan College; Suzuki Institute, University of Interest: trumpet Maine-Orono Interests: theory, sight-singing, organ Carla N. Daughtry (2000) Instructor in anthropology Mark L. Dintenfass (1968) Mount Holyoke College, B.A.; University of Professor of English Michigan, M.A. Columbia University, B.A., M.A.; University Interests: cultural anthropology, refugee of Iowa, M.F.A. communities Interests: prose fiction, American literature, composition Cecile Despres-Berry (2002) Instructor in English as a second language Judith Dobbs (1991) Earlham College, B.A.; University of Texas at Lecturer in history at the London Center Austin, M.A. Vassar College, B.A.; Bedford College, Interest: second language writing University of London, M.Phil. Interests: Victorian art, history, and literature James H. DeCorsey (1990) Associate professor of music; director of the Franklin M. Doeringer (1972) London Center, 2001-02 Nathan M. Pusey Professor of East Asian Stanford University, B.A.; Yale University, M.A., Studies and professor of history M.M.A., D.M.A. Columbia University, B.A., Ph.D. Interests: horn, chamber music, music history Interests: East Asian history, literature

Dominique-René de Lerma (1993) John P. Dreher (1963) Visiting professor of music Lee Claflin-Robert S. Ingraham Professor of University of Miami, B.Mus.; Indiana Philosophy University, Ph.D. St. Peter’s College, B.A.; Fordham University, Interests: music history, musicology, oboe M.A.; University of Cologne; University of Chicago, Ph.D. Bart T. De Stasio, Jr. (1992) Interests: history of philosophy, environmental Associate professor of biology ethics, American pragmatism Lawrence University, B.A.; University of Rhode Island; Cornell University, Ph.D. Joseph D’Uva, Jr. (2002) Interests: evolutionary ecology, aquatic biology, Assistant professor of art predator-prey interactions The School of the Art Institute of Chicago, B.F.A.; University of Iowa, M.A., M.F.A. Elizabeth De Stasio (1988-89; 1992) Interests: non-toxic art materials and processes, Associate professor of biology and Raymond collecting toys for source material H. Herzog Professor of Science Lawrence University, B.A.; Brown University, José Luis Encarnación (2002) Ph.D. Minority pre-doctoral fellow in music Interests: interactions of biological molecules, Berkelee College of Music, B.Mus.; Eastman evolution School of Music, M.Mus. Interest: jazz and improvisational music

322 FACULTY

Margaret Engman (2001) Mark Frazier (2001) Instructor in education Assistant professor of government University of Wisconsin–Madison, B.S. Princeton University, B.A.; University of Interest: teacher education Washington, M.A.; University of California, Berkeley, Ph.D. James S. Evans (1966) Interest: Asian political economy Professor of computer science and chemistry and director of information technology Dorrit F. Friedlander (1951) planning Professor emerita of German Bates College, B.A.; Princeton University, University of Cincinnati, B.A., M.A.; M.A., Ph.D. University of Heidelberg Interests: structure and interactions of proteins, Interest: German drama of the 20th century computer architecture and organization Richmond Claude Frielund (1979-84;1985) Fan Lei (1993) Associate professor of theatre and drama Associate professor of music University of Minnesota, B.A.; University of Central Conservatory of Music (Beijing), B. Wisconsin-Superior, M.A.; University of Mus.; Oberlin College, Artist Diploma; Yale Michigan, M.F.A. School of Music, Certificate of Performance, Interests: design and technical theatre M.M. Interests: clarinet, chamber music Peter A. Fritzell (1966) Professor of English and the Patricia Hamar Gustavo Fares (2000) Boldt Professor of Liberal Studies Associate professor of Spanish University of North Dakota, B.A.; Stanford Collegio Nacional de Buenos Aires, B.A.; University, M.A., Ph.D. Universidad de Buenos Aires, J.D.; West Interests: American literature, nonfictional Virginia University, M.A., M.F.A.; prose, autobiography University of Pittsburgh, Ph.D. Interests: Argentinian literature, Latin Kevin Gallagher (1994) American art Lecturer in music University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, B.Mus.; Merton D. Finkler (1979) The Juilliard School Professor of economics Interests: classical guitar, chamber music University of California, San Diego, B.A.; London School of Economics, M.Sc.; Peter J. Gilbert (1990) University of Minnesota, Ph.D. Associate professor, library Interests: public finance, macroeconomic Carleton College, B.A.; University of policy Wisconsin–Madison, M.A. Interests: reference, networked information Michael Fosdale (1999) resources, American library history Lecturer in government at the London Center London Guildhall University, B.A.; Birkbeck Peter S. Glick (1985) College, University of London, M.A. Professor of psychology Interest: modern British politics Oberlin College, A.B.; University of Minnesota, Ph.D. Interests: stereotyping, discrimination, prejudice

323 FACULTY

Bertrand A. Goldgar (1957) Mark A. Hall (2002) Professor of English and John N. Bergstrom Instructor in French Professor of Humanities Wake Forest University, B.A.; University of Vanderbilt University, B.A., M.A.; Wisconsin–Madison, M.A. Princeton University, M.A., Ph.D. Interests: poetry and painting, 20th-century Interests: Pope and Swift, politics and French literature, Renaissance studies, literature, satire creative writing

Natasha Gray (1999) Julie Hastings (1999) Assistant professor of history Assistant professor of anthropology Bryn Mawr College, B.A.; Columbia University, Wellesley College, B.A.; University of Michigan, M.A., Ph.D. M.A., Ph.D. Interest: African history Interest: Latin American anthropology

Joseph N. Gregg, Jr. (1991) Amy Hauber (2000) Associate professor of mathematics Visiting assistant professor of art Texas A&M University, B.S., M.S.; Princeton University of Pittsburgh, B.A.; University of University, Ph.D. Wisconsin–Madison, M.F.A. Interests: architecture of large software systems, Interest: sculpture software for math education, complex systems Martha Hemwall (1988) Christian R. Grose (2002) Adjunct associate professor of anthropology Instructor in government Lawrence University, B.A.; Brown University, Duke University, B.A.; University of M.A., Ph.D. Rochester, M.A. Interests: urban anthropology, educational Interests: American politics, political methodology anthropology, applied anthropology, gender studies, disability studies, theories of change Chong-Do Hah (1961) Karl E. Stansbury Professor of Government Bruce E. Hetzler (1976) Indiana University, B.A., Ph.D.; University of Professor of psychology Virginia, M.A. DePauw University, B.A.; Northwestern Interests: East Asian politics, political and University, M.A., Ph.D. economic development Interests: neuropharmacology, effects of alcohol on the brain, computer analysis of brain waves Beth Ann Haines (1992) Associate professor of psychology John Higgins (2000) University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, B.S.; Assistant professor of economics University of Wisconsin–Madison, M.S., Ph.D. State University of New York at Stony Brook, Interests: cognitive development, problem- B.A.; Columbia University, M.A., Ph.D. solving, social development, learning styles Interests: international trade, growth and technological change David J. Hall (2002) Assistant professor of chemistry Anthony Hoch (1999) Butler University, B.S.; University of Assistant professor of geology Wisconsin–Madison, Ph.D. Indiana University, B.A.; University of Interest: mechanisms by which rhinovirus Wyoming, M.S., Ph.D. activation of immune cells leads to the Interests: geology and geochemistry exacerbation of asthma

324 FACULTY

Karen A. Hoffmann (1998) Joy Jordan (1999) Assistant professor of English Assistant professor of statistics Lawrence University, B.A.; Indiana University, Indiana University, B.A.; University of Iowa, M.A., Ph.D. M.S., Ph.D. Interests: American and African-American Interests: order-restricted inference, categorical literature data, duality, statistical education

Eilene Hoft-March (1988) Steven H. Jordheim (1981) Associate professor of French Professor of music Carroll College, B.A.; University of California, University of North Dakota, B.Mus.; Berkeley, M.A., Ph.D. Northwestern University, M.Mus. Interests: 20th-century French literature, Interests: saxophone, instrumental pedagogy, evolution of the novel, autobiography chamber music

Catherine Hollis (2001) Suzanne Bunker Jordheim (1989) Assistant professor of English Lecturer in music New York University, B.F.A.; University of Lewis and Clark College, B.Mus.; California, Berkeley, Ph.D. Northwestern University, M.M. Interests: modern British literature, post- Interests: flute, flute pedagogy, woodwind colonial literature, film studies techniques

Jason Hoogerhyde (1999) Jerzy Jura (2001) Lecturer in music Assistant professor of Spanish Lawrence University, B.Mus.; Boston University, Jagiellonian University; University of M.M.; University of Cincinnati, College- Wisconsin–Madison, M.A., Ph.D. Conservatory of Music, D.M.A. Interests: contemporary Spanish literature Interests: music theory, composition and culture

Eugénie Hunsicker (1999) Derek Katz (2000) Assistant professor of mathematics Assistant professor of music Haverford College, B.A.; University of Chicago, Harvard University, B.A.; University of M.Sc., Ph.D. California, Santa Barbara, Ph.D.; Die Freie Interests: geometry, topology, and analysis Universität Berlin Interests: musicology, Czech music Kathleen J. Isaacson (1977) Associate professor, library Nicholas Keelan (1985) University of Wisconsin-Madison, B.A.; Associate professor of music University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, M.A.L.S. Henderson State University, B.M.E.; University Interests: reference, automation, numeric data of Northern Colorado, M.M. bases Interests: low brass, music education, jazz ensembles Nicholas James (1997) Lecturer in anthropology at the London Center Edmund M. Kern (1992) Oxford University, B.A.; University of London, Associate professor of history M.A.; University of Michigan, M.A.; Marquette University, B.A.; University of University of Birmingham, Ph.D. Minnesota, M.A., Ph.D. Interests: archaeology, Native American Interests: early modern Europe, religious studies, cultural heritage management culture, Habsburgs, Austria

325 FACULTY

Michael I. Kim (1996) Sibel Kusimba (2001) Associate professor of music Assistant professor of anthropology University of Calgary, B.Mus.; The Juilliard Bryn Mawr College, B.A.; University of School, M.M., D.M. Illinois, M.A., Ph.D. Interests: piano, music theory Interest: Africa

Bonnie Koestner (2001) Ruth M. Lanouette (1992) Assistant professor of music Associate professor of German Lawrence University, B.Mus.; University of Millersville State University, B.A.; University Wisconsin–Madison, M.Mus. of Pittsburgh, M.A.; Princeton University, Interest: voice coach/accompanist Ph.D. Interests: Germanic linguistics, language Oren Kosansky (1999) pedagogy, history of German Lecturer in anthropology Brown University, B.A.; Binghamton Carol L. Lawton (1980) University, M.A.T.; University of Michigan, Professor of art history M.A., Ph.D. Vassar College, B.A.; University of Pittsburgh, Interests: Morocco, religion, Judaism, post- M.A.; Princeton University, M.F.A., Ph.D. colonial Diaspora Interests: Greek and Roman art

Kurt D. Krebsbach (2002) Karen Leigh-Post (1996) Associate professor of computer science Assistant professor of music Lawrence University, B.A.; University of Lawrence University, B.Mus.; University of Minnesota, M.S., Ph.D. Arizona, M.M.; Rutgers University, D.M.A. Interests: artificial intelligence, automated Interests: vocal performance, opera planning, multi-agent systems, functional programming, music, zymurgy Robert Levy (1979) Professor of music and conductor of the Scott Kreger (2002) Lawrence University Wind Ensemble Lecturer in music Ithaca College, B.S.; North Texas State Illinois State University, B.Mus; Indiana University, M.M.E. University Interests: trumpet, wind ensemble and band

Kathryn M. Kueny (1995) Frank C. Lewis (2000) Associate professor of religious studies Instructor in art; director of exhibitions and University of Wisconsin–Madison, B.A.; curator of the Wriston Art Gallery University of Chicago, M.A., Ph.D. Emory and Henry College, B.A.; University of Interest: Islam Chicago, M.A. Interests: painting, photography, woodworking Andrew B. Kunz (2002) Assistant professor of physics Julie Lindemann (2000) University of Illinois, B.S.; University of Instructor in art Minnesota, Ph.D. University of Wisconsin–Madison; M.F.A., Interest: physics education and outreach Illinois State University Interest: photography

326 FACULTY

Jerrold P. Lokensgard (1967) Gerald I. Metalsky (1992) Robert McMillen Professor of Chemistry Associate professor of psychology Luther College, B.A.; University of Wisconsin- University of California, Berkeley, B.A.; State Madison, M.A., Ph.D. University of New York at Stony Brook, Interests: organic chemistry, especially the M.A.; University of Wisconsin–Madison, synthesis of naturally occurring compounds Ph.D. Interests: origins of psychopathology, cognition Nicholas C. Maravolo (1966) and emotion, psychodiagnostics, psychotherapy Professor of biology University of Chicago, B.S., M.S., Ph.D. Joanne Metcalf (2001) Interest: physiology of plant growth and Assistant professor of music development University of California, Santa Barbara, B.A.; Duke University, M.A., Ph.D. Patricia Marinac (2001) Interest: music composition Instructor in education Lawrence University, B.A.; University of George E. Meyer (2002) Wisconsin–Stevens Point, M.S. Stephen Edward Scarff Memorial Visiting Interest: teacher education Professor St. Norbert College, B.A., University of Rebecca Epstein Matveyev (1996) Wisconsin–Madison, J.D. Associate professor of Russian Interests: environmental management and Rice University, B.A.; University of regulation Wisconsin–Madison, M.A., Ph.D. Interests: 19th-century literature, foreign- Patrice Michaels (1994) language pedagogy, literary translation Associate professor of music Pomona College, B.A.; University of Minnesota, Stephen McCardell (1999) M.F.A. Lecturer in music Interests: voice, opera theatre Lawrence University; Mannes College of Music, B.Mus., M.M. Matthew C. Michelic (1987) Interests: music theory, composition Associate professor of music University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, B.F.A.; Randall L. B. McNeill (1999) Indiana University, M.M. Assistant professor of classics Interests: viola, chamber music, theory Harvard University, B.A.; Yale University, M.A., Ph.D. Anton Miller (2000) Interests: literary self-presentation, ancient Assistant professor of music propaganda, Roman poetry, Greek and Indiana University, B.Mus., Performer’s Roman history Certificate; The Juilliard School, M.M. Interests: violin, chamber music Marco Mena (2000) Instructor in Spanish Brigetta Miller (1996) University of Northern Iowa, B.A.; Mankato Assistant professor of music State University, M.S. Lawrence University, B.Mus.; Silver Lake Interest: Latin American literature College, M.M. Interests: elementary and secondary education, multicultural education

327 FACULTY

W. Flagg Miller (2002) Dmitri Novgorodsky (2002) Lecturer in linguistics and anthropology Visiting assistant professor of music Dartmouth College, B.A.; Oxford University; Moscow Tchaikovsky Conservatory, B.Mus., University of Michigan, Ph.D. M.Mus.; Yale University, M.Mus., M.M.A. Interests: anthropology, poetics, media studies, Interest: piano nationalism, tribalism, popular culture, the Middle East and North Africa, Yemen Michael T. Orr (1989) Associate professor of art history Seong-Kyung Moon (2002) University College London, B.A.; Cornell Assistant conductor University, M.A., Ph.D. Sungshin Women’s University, B.Mus.; Interests: medieval and Renaissance art University of North Texas, M.Mus.; University of Cincinnati, M.Mus. David Owens (2000) Interest: conducting Lecturer in theatre and drama New England College, B.A. Kathleen M. Murray (1986) Interest: set design Dean of the Conservatory of Music and professor of music Anthony Padilla (1997) Illinois Wesleyan University, B.Mus.; Associate professor of music Bowling Green State University, M.M.; Northern Illinois University, B.Mus.; Eastman Northwestern University, D.M. School of Music, M.M., Performer’s Interests: piano, piano pedagogy Certificate; University of Washington, Artist’s Diploma Rex Myers (1999) Interest: piano Lecturer in history and Freshman Studies Western State College, B.A.; University of Esther Palomino (1999) Montana, M.A., Ph.D. Instructor in Spanish Interests: American West/frontier, transportation, Colegio San Jose, B.A.; Purdue University, M.A. Freshman Studies Interest: Spanish literature

Yoko Nagase (2001) Alan E. Parks (1985) Assistant professor of economics Associate professor of mathematics Aoyama Gakuin University, B.A.; University University of Wisconsin–Madison, B.A., M.A., of Oregon, Ph.D. Ph.D. Interests: environmental and resource economics Interests: application of mathematics, computer algorithms, dynamics Howard E. Niblock (1981) Professor of music Karen Park-Koenig (2002) University of Michigan, B.A.; Michigan State Instructor in religious studies University, M.M.; University of Wisconsin– Lawrence University, B.A.; University of Madison Chicago Divinity School, M.A. Interests: oboe, theory, aesthetics Interests: Protestant Reformation and Renaissance literature, American religious Karen Nordell (2000) history Assistant professor of chemistry Northwestern University, B.A.; Iowa State University, Ph.D. Interest: materials chemistry

328 FACULTY

Peter N. Peregrine (1995) Assistant professor/music librarian Associate professor of anthropology St. Norbert College, B.Mus.; University Purdue University, B.A., M.S., Ph.D. of Wisconsin–Milwaukee; University of Interests: anthropological theory, evolution of Pittsburgh, M.L.S. complex societies, culture contact and culture Interest: music library change, integration of archaeology and ethnology Katherine Privatt (1999) Assistant professor of theatre and drama Monte L. Perkins (1987) Central Missouri State University, B.S.E.; Lecturer in music Southwest Missouri State University, M.A.; University of Wisconsin–Madison, B.F.A.; University of Nebraska, Ph.D. Wisconsin Conservatory of Music, M.M. Interest: American theatre Interest: bassoon, symphonic band Stewart C. Purkey (1985) William J. Perreault (1971) Associate professor of education and Bee Professor of biology Connell Mielke Professor of Education Siena College, B.A.; Adelphi University, M.S.; Stanford University, A.B.; Reed College, M.A.; University of Michigan, Ph.D. University of Wisconsin–Madison, Ph.D. Interest: coordination of molecular and Interest: educational reform cytological techniques Matthew Raunio (2000) Brent O. Peterson (2002) Lecturer in economics Associate professor of German Michigan Technological University, B.S.; Johns Hopkins University, B.A.; University of University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh, M.B.A. Iowa, M.A.; University of Minnesota, Ph.D. Interest: accounting Interests: construction of national and ethnic identities; the intersection of historical Timothy P. Reed (2002) fiction and history; the “long 19th century” Instructor in Spanish and Freshman Studies (1789-1918); post-war, post-wall experiences Dickinson College, B.A.; University of of both Germanies Delaware, M.A.; Pennsylvania State University Jerald E. Podair (1998) Interests: 20th-century Spanish peninsular Assistant professor of history literature, Postmodernism, media studies, New York University, B.A.; Columbia music University School of Law, J.D.; Princeton University, M.A., Ph.D Bridget-Michaele Reischl (1992) Interests: 20th-century American history, urban Associate professor of music and Kimberly history, American race relations Clark Professor of Music; director of orchestral studies Bruce Pourciau (1976) Eastman School of Music, B.Mus.; University Professor of mathematics of Hartford Hartt School of Music, Artist Brown University, B.A.; University of Diploma; Bowling Green State University California, San Diego, M.A., Ph.D. Interests: orchestral conducting, opera Interests: optimization theory, analysis, philosophy of mathematics

Antoinette Powell (2002)

329 FACULTY

Bradford G. Rence (1979) Ileana Maria Rodriguez-Silva (2002) Professor of biology; director of the London Minority pre-doctoral fellow in history Center, 2002-03 University of Puerto Rico–Rio Piedras, B.A.; University of Iowa, B.A.; University of University of Wisconsin–Madison, M.A., California, Berkeley, Ph.D. M.A. Interests: neurobiology of invertebrates, Interests: race, gender, labor organizations in behavioral rhythms 19th and 20th century Latin America and Caribbean slave and plantation societies; Gretchen M. Revie (1997) nationalism, colonialism, neo-colonialism Assistant professor, library in Latin America Carleton College, B.A.; University of Wisconsin–Madison, M.A. Kristi Roenning (2000) Interests: reference, interlibrary loan Instructor in art University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, B.S.; Terry L. Rew-Gottfried (1985) University of Minnesota Professor of psychology Interest: art education University of Minnesota, B.A., Ph.D. Interests: perception of speech and singing, Brian C. Rosenberg (1998) psychology of cognition and perception Dean of the faculty and professor of English Cornell University, B.A.; Columbia University, Susan Richards (1999) M.A., Ph.D. Director of the Seeley G. Mudd Library and Interest: Dickens, the English novel associate professor, library Grove City College, B.A.; Clarion University Wolfgang Rübsam (1999) of Pennsylvania, M.A.; Kent State University, University organist and artist-in-residence M.L.S.; University of New Hampshire, Student of Helmut Walcha, Marie-Claire Alain, Ph.D. Robert T. Anderson Interests: library administration, American Interests: organ, keyboard works of J. S. Bach women’s history, women’s literature of the American West Thomas C. Ryckman (1984) Professor of philosophy Dane Maxim Richeson (1984) University of Michigan, Flint, B.A.; University Associate professor of music of Massachusetts, M.A., Ph.D. Ohio State University, B.Mus.; Ithaca College, Interests: philosophy of language, philosophy of M.M. mind, philosophy of science, philosophy of art Interest: percussion Kenneth R. W. Sager (1963) Monica Rico (2001) Professor emeritus of education Lecturer in history and Freshman Studies Lawrence College, B.A.; University of University of California, Berkeley, B.A., M.A., Wisconsin–Madison, M.A.; Harvard Ph.D. University Interests: British and American history, landscape Interests: psychology and philosophy of history education, music, humanities

Richard A. Sanerib, Jr. (1976) Associate professor of mathematics St. Anselm College, B.A.; University of Colorado, M.A., Ph.D. Interests: logic, algebra, topology, computers, minority education 330 FACULTY

Judith Holland Sarnecki (1985-87; 1990) John Shimon (2000) Associate professor of French Instructor in art Knox College, B.A.; Portland State University, University of Wisconin–Madison, B.A.; Illinois M.A.T.; University of Iowa, M.A.; State University, M.F.A. University of Wisconsin–Madison, Ph.D. Interest: photography Interests: 20th-century French literature and theory, cinema, women authors, gender issues Jane R. Shippen (2002) Lecturer in English George R. Saunders (1977) University of North Carolina, B.A.; University Professor of anthropology and Henry Merritt of Virginia, M.F.A. Wriston Professor of Social Science Interests: creative writing, poetry, Latin Claremont Men’s College, B.A.; University of American literature California, San Diego, M.A., Ph.D. Interests: cultural and psychological Katherine Short-Meyerson (2000) anthropology Lecturer in psychology University of Wisconsin–Madison, B.A., M.S., Jinnie Schiele (2001) Ph.D. Lecturer in theatre at the London Center Interest: child psychology Queen Mary College, London, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Claudena M. Skran (1990) Interest: post-war British theatre Associate professor of government Michigan State University, B.A.; Oxford Gerald Seaman (2000) University, M.Phil., Ph.D. Associate dean of the faculty and associate Interests: international relations, international professor of French organizations, refugees University of Wisconsin–Madison, B.A.; Stanford University, M.A., Ph.D. Laura D. Snyder (2002) Interest: medieval French literature Lecturer in music Dalcroze School of Music, Indiana University Jodi L. Sedlock (2002) Interests: double-bass, contralto Assistant professor of biology Loyola University, B.A., B.S.; University of Timothy A. Spurgin (1990) Illinois at Chicago, Ph.D. Associate professor of English Interests: tropical diversity, community ecology, Carleton College, B.A.; University of Virginia, foraging behavior, conservation biology, M.A., Ph.D. small mammals, particularly bats Interests: 19th-century English literature, the novel, Dickens, literary criticism and theory Donnie Sendelbach (2001) Director of the humanities computing laborato- Jeffrey Stannard (2001) ry and lecturer in Russian Associate dean of the Conservatory of Music Grinnell College, B.A.; Ohio State University, and associate professor of music M.A., Ph.D. University of Iowa, B.M.; University of Interests: instructional technologies, Russian Michigan, M.M., D.M.A. literature Interest: trumpet

Rico Serbo (1999) Matthew R. Stoneking (1997) Assistant professor of music Assistant professor of physics University of the Pacific, B.A. Carleton College, B.A.; University of Interests: voice, opera Wisconsin–Madison, Ph.D. Interests: non-neutral plasma physics, magnetic confinement of neutral plasmas 331 FACULTY

Frederick I. Sturm (1977-91, 2002) David E. Thompson (2002) Professor of music Assistant professor of chemistry Lawrence University, B.Mus.; University of Carleton College, B.A.; University of North Texas; Eastman School of Music, M. Wisconsin–Madison, Ph.D. Mus. Interests: analytical instrumentation and Interests: jazz studies, improvisational music, physical analysis, chemistry of malaria, laser composition spectroscopy

Kuo-ming Sung (1994) David Thurmaier (2002) Associate professor of East Asian languages and Instructor in Music cultures University of Illinois, B.A.; Eastman School of National Taiwan University, B.A.; University Music, M.A. of California, Los Angeles, M.A., C. Phil., Interests: music theory, composition, music Ph.D. history, United States history Interests: generative linguistics, comparative syntax, language pedagogy Stéphane Tran Ngoc (2001) Assistant professor of music Phillip A. Swan (2002) Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique Visiting assistant professor of music de Paris, violin studies; Brooklyn College Concordia College, B.A.; University of Conservatory of Music, M.Mus.; The Juilliard Texas at El Paso, M.M. School, D.M.A. Interests: choral conducting, music education, Interest: violin voice Timothy X. Troy (1997) Marla Rosa Tapia Fernández (2002) Assistant professor of theatre and drama Instructor in Spanish Lawrence University, B.A.; University of Iowa, Universidad de Grenada, B.A.; University of M.F.A. Delaware, M.A.; Pennsylvania State Interests: directing, musical theatre University Interests: Spanish peninsular and Latin Mary Van Dee Loo (2002) American literature, foreign language Lecturer in music teaching methodology and applications of Lawrence University, B.Mus.; University of technology, literary theory, cultural studies, Oklahoma, M.Mus. film Interest: piano

Daniel J. Taylor (1974) Lifongo J. Vetinde (1996) Hiram A. Jones Professor of Classics Associate professor of French Lawrence University, B.A.; University of Université de Yaoundé (Cameroun), B.A.; Washington, M.A., Ph.D. Université de Dijon (France); University of Interests: classical linguistics, Varro, Renaissance Oregon, M.A., Ph.D. philology Interest: Francophone African literature

Hans Ternes (1968) Patricia Vilches (2000) Professor of German Associate professor of Spanish University of Illinois, B.A., M.A.; University of University of Illinois, Chicago, B.A.; University Pennsylvania, Ph.D.; University of Freiburg; of Chicago, M.A., Ph.D. University of Munich; University of Interests: Latin American literature and culture; Bucharest Italian Renaissance literature Interests: 20th-century German literature

332 FACULTY

Donna Vinter (2001) Corinne Wocelka (1985) Lecturer in English at the London Center Associate professor, library Canisius College, B.A.; Harvard University, University of Wisconsin–Green Bay, B.A.; M.A., Ph.D. University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh, M.A.L.S. Interest: English theatre Interests: Wisconsin writers, library automation

Dirck Vorenkamp (1997) Gary A. Wolfman (1992) Assistant professor of religious studies Lecturer in music University of Tulsa, B.S.; University of Kansas, University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire, B.M.E.; M.A.; University of Wisconsin–Madison, University of Wisconsin–Madison, M.M. Ph.D. Interests: music education, conducting, string Interests: Asian religions, Buddhism pedagogy

Nancy A. Wall (1995) Steven J. Wulf (2002) Associate professor of biology Assistant professor of government Presbyterian College, B.S.; University of South Cornell University, B.A.; Yale University, M.A., Carolina, M.A.; Vanderbilt University, Ph.D. M.Phil., Ph.D. Interests: cranio-facial development, pattern Interests: political philosophy, American politics, formation differentiation, developmental history of ideas neurobiology Ayaka Yamagata (2002) Wendy L. Walter-Bailey (2002) Assistant professor of East Asian languages and Instructor in education cultures Anderson University, B.A.; Ball State University, Sophia University, Tokyo, B.A.; Michigan State M.A.; Indiana University University, M.A., Ph.D. Interests: pre-service teacher education, literacy, Interests: semantics of tense and aspect of natu- gender and class issues, racial and ethnic ral language, second language acquisition of identity formation, multicultural education Japanese, practical application of linguistic and issues of marginalization, curriculum knowledge to language pedagogy development. Jane Parish Yang (1991) Ernestine Whitman (1978) Associate professor of East Asian languages and Professor of music cultures Emory University, B.A.; New England Grinnell College, B.A.; University of Iowa, Conservatory, M.M.; University of M.A.; University of Wisconsin–Madison, Wisconsin–Madison, D.M.A. Ph.D. Interests: flute, theory Interests: classical and modern Chinese literature, Chinese children’s literature, Jere Wickens (1988) foreign language pedagogy, translation Adjunct assistant professor of anthropology Dartmouth College, A.B.; Indiana University, Richard L. Yatzeck (1966) M.A., Ph.D. Professor of Russian Interests: archaeology and history of Greece University of Wisconsin–Madison, B.A., Ph.D.; University of Chicago, M.A. Bradley Wiese (1988) Interests: comparative literature, German and Lecturer in education English literature University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire, B.A.; University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh, M.S.E. Interest: teacher education

333 Emeriti Faculty Carol J. Butts (1959-69, 1974-93) Associate professor emerita, library Minoo D. Adenwalla (1959-2002) Lawrence College, B.A.; University of Professor emeritus of government Michigan, M.A.L.S. University of Bombay, B.A.; Northwestern University, M.S., Ph.D. William A. Chaney (1952-99) Professor emeritus of history Graciela Alfieri (1960-79) University of California, Berkeley, B.A., Ph.D.; Professor emerita of Spanish Society of Fellows, Harvard University Universidad de Concepción, Chile; University of Illinois, M.A.; University of Iowa, M.A., James D. Dana (1961-2001) Ph.D.; University of Madrid Professor emeritus of economics Yale University, B.A.; Massachusetts Institute of John J. Alfieri (1954-82) Technology, Ph.D.; University of Minnesota Professor emeritus of Spanish Southwestern Louisiana, B.A.; University of Gene Davis (1956-91) Iowa, M.A., Ph.D.; University of Madrid Associate professor emeritus of physical education Corry F. Azzi (1970-2002) University of Wisconsin–La Crosse, B.A.; Professor emeritus of economics Ohio State University, M.A. Lawrence University, B.A.; Harvard University, Ph.D. Miriam Duncan (1949-54, 1955-85) Professor emerita of music Ruth T. Bateman (1953-87) American Conservatory of Music, Mus.B., Associate professor emerita of physical Mus.M.; Academy of Music, Vienna education Sargent College; Boston University, B.S. Elizabeth T. Forter (1953-88) Professor emerita of English Robert Below (1964-96) University of Wichita, B.A.; University of Professor emeritus of music Wisconsin–Madison, M.A., Ph.D. University of Louisville, Mus.B., Mus.M.; Hochschule für Musik, Köln/Rhein Dorrit F. Friedlander (1951-93) Professor emerita of German William S. Boardman (1965-2002) All Saints Episcopal College, University of Professor emeritus of philosophy Cincinnati, B.A., M.A.; University of DePauw University, B.A.; University of Heidelberg Minnesota, Ph.D. Frederick Gaines (1977-2000) J. Bruce Brackenridge (1959-96) Professor emeritus of theatre and drama Professor emeritus of physics and history University of Nebraska, B.A., M.A.; University Muskingum College, B.A.; Brown University, of Manchester, M.F.A.; University of M.S., Ph.D.; London University, M.A. Minnesota, Ph.D.

Charles Breunig (1955-86) H. Hartmut Gerlach (1966-94) Professor emeritus of history Associate professor emeritus of German Harvard University, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. University of Zürich; University of Tübingen; University of Göttingen; Indiana University, M.A., Ph.D.

334 EMERITI FACULTY

J. Michael Hittle (1966-2001) John F. McMahon (1947-76) Professor emeritus of history Professor emeritus of German Brown University, B.A.; Harvard University, Haverford College, B.A.; University of M.A., Ph.D. Pennsylvania, M.A.; University of Bonn; Columbia University, Ph.D. Joseph A. Hopfensperger (1952-90) Professor emeritus of theatre and drama; Edwin H. Olson (1957-89) director of Björklunden Professor emeritus of psychology Lawrence College, B.A.; Northwestern Hamline University, B.A.; University of University, M.A. Denver, M.A., Ph.D.

Marjory Irvin (1947-87) John C. Palmquist (1968-96) Professor emerita of music Professor emeritus of geology Illinois Wesleyan University, Mus.B., Mus.M.; Augustana College, B.A.; University of Iowa, Juilliard School of Music; Aspen Institute of M.S., Ph.D. Music; American Conservatory; Indiana University Mary F. Poulson (1964-93) Professor emerita of physical education Cliffe D. Joel (1968-97) Valparaiso University, B.A.; Miami University, Professor emeritus of chemistry M.Ed.; Colorado State College Pomona College, B.A.; Harvard University, M.A., Ph.D. Mojmir Povolny (1958-92) Professor emeritus of government John Koopman (1960-94) Masaryk University, Jur.D.; University of Paris; Professor emeritus of music The University of Chicago, Ph.D. Drake University, B.Mus.Ed., M.Mus.Ed.; Indiana University E. Dane Purdo (1955-91) Professor emeritus of art Michael J. LaMarca (1965-95) University of Michigan, B.A., M.A.; Professor emeritus of biology Cranbrook Academy of Art, M.F.A.; State University of New York-Albany, B.A.; Royal College of Art, London The University of Chicago; Cornell University, Ph.D. Gervais E. Reed (1964-96) Professor emeritus of French Richard G. Long (1969-93) Princeton University, B.A.; Brown University, Associate professor emeritus of mathematics M.A., Ph.D. Reed College, B.A.; University of Washington, Ph.D. Theodore L. Rehl (1958-92) Professor emeritus of music Hugo Martinez-Serros (1966-95) Oberlin Conservatory of Music, Mus.B., Professor emeritus of Spanish Mus.M.; University of Southern California, The University of Chicago, B.A.; Indiana University Northwestern University, M.A., Ph.D. Dennis N. Ribbens (1971-98) Ronald J. Mason (1961-95) Professor and university librarian emeritus Professor emeritus of anthropology Calvin College, B.A.; University of Wisconsin– University of Pennsylvania, B.A.; University of Madison, M.A., Ph.D. Michigan, M.A., Ph.D.

335 EMERITI FACULTY

Sumner Richman (1957-95) John M. Stanley (1961-99) Professor emeritus of biology Professor emeritus of religious studies Hartwick College, B.A.; University of Williams Massachusetts, M.A.; University of College; University of Colorado, B.A.; Michigan, Ph.D. Pacific School of Religion, B.D.; Columbia University/Union Theological Seminary, Ronald D. Roberts (1963-93) Ph.D. Professor emeritus of physical education University of Wisconsin-Madison, B.S., M.S.; Mari Taniguchi (1961-2000) Brigham Young University, Ph.D. Professor emerita of music Eastman School of Music, B.Mus., M.Mus., Vernon W. Roelofs (1947-71) Artist’s Diploma; student of Mario Basiola Professor emeritus of history and Olga Ryss Calvin College, B.A.; University of Michigan, M.A., Ph.D. Ronald W. Tank (1962-90) Professor emeritus of geology Robert M. Rosenberg (1956-91) University of Wisconsin–Madison, B.S., M.S.; Professor emeritus of chemistry Indiana University, Ph.D. Trinity College, B.S.; Northwestern University, Ph.D. Leonard L. Thompson (1965-66, 1968-95) Professor emeritus of religious studies Theodore W. Ross (1966-99) DePauw University, B.A.; Drew University, Associate professor emeritus of geology B.D.; The University of Chicago, M.A., Indiana University, B.S., M.A.; Washington Ph.D. State University, Ph.D. Arthur A. Thrall (1956-90) Kenneth R. W. Sager (1963-2001) Professor emeritus of art Professor emeritus of education University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, B.S., Lawrence College, B.A.; University of M.S.; University of Wisconsin–Madison; Wisconsin–Madison, M.A.; Harvard University of Illinois; Ohio State University University Herbert K. Tjossem (1955-93) Ben R. Schneider (1955-83 ) Professor emeritus of English Professor emeritus of English University of Minnesota, B.A.; The University Williams College, B.A.; Columbia University, of Chicago, M.A.; Yale University, Ph.D., M.A., Ph.D.; Cambridge University University of Heidelberg

George W. Smalley (1964-96) Allen C. West (1966-93) Professor emeritus of Slavic languages and Professor emeritus of chemistry literature Princeton University, B.A.; Cornell University, The University of Chicago, B.A., M.A. Ph.D.

Dan Sparks (1963-93) Richard W. Winslow (1958-92) Associate professor emeritus of music Professor emeritus of Spanish Cincinnati Conservatory of Music, B.M., University of Minnesota, B.A., M.A., Ph.D.; M.M.; Eastman School of Music University of Mexico; University of California-Los Angeles

336 Administrative offices Maria Gracia Marasigan, career information specialist and officers Scott Radtke, therapist and alcohol education coordinator Office of the President Albert Reiser, residence hall director/coordina- Richard Warch, president of the university tor of academic skills and content tutoring Stephen J. Butts, director of institutional research Carol Saunders, director of health services Paul Shrode, associate dean of students for Office of the Dean of the Faculty activities Brian C. Rosenberg, dean of the faculty Amy Uecke, assistant dean for residence life Kathleen M. Murray, dean of the conservatory Jamie Van Boxel, residence hall director/resi- David L. Berk, director of instructional dence life programs coordinator technology Geoffrey Gajewski, assistant dean of student Office of Admissions and academic services Financial Aid Martha Hemwall, dean of student academic Steven T. Syverson, dean of admissions and services financial aid Andrew Law, director of international and Roseanna Cannizzo, director of conservatory off-campus programs admissions Frank Lewis, director of exhibitions and curator Jennifer England, associate director of admissions of the Wriston Art Center Clinton Foster, assistant director of admissions Anne S. Norman, registrar – multicultural recruitment Gerald Seaman, associate dean of the faculty Lee Hanagan, admissions operations supervisor Donnie Sendelbach, director of humanities Sara Holman, associate director of financial aid computer laboratory Joan Krush, associate director of admissions Fred Snyder, director of the Lawrence Monita Mohammadian, associate director of Academy of Music admissions/Minneapolis regional representative Jeffrey Stannard, associate dean of the Tricia Ross, associate director of admissions conservatory Cheryl Schaffer, director of financial aid Phyllis Schultz, director of operations – Office of the Dean of Students admissions and financial aid Nancy D. Truesdell, dean of students Carin Smith, senior associate director of Eric Broten, residence hall director/intramurals admissions/Chicago regional representative and wellness coordinator Michael Thorp, director of admissions Christopher Cook, residence hall director/ campus activities programs coordinator Office of the Vice President for Karleen Dietrich, assistant director of campus Business Affairs and Administration activities William F. Hodgkiss, vice president for business Kathleen F. Fuchs, director of counseling services affairs and administration Scott Fuller, international student advisor Mark Breseman, director of Björklunden Kathleen M. Heinzen, director of the Career Frederica Doeringer, director of business Center services coordination Jennifer Hollis, residence hall director/volunteer James Evans, director of information technology and community service center coordinator planning Jerri Kahl, associate director of counseling services William Fortune, director of food services Curt Lauderdale, residence hall director/diversity Harold Ginke, director of the physical plant center programs coordinator Lori Glynn, controller Cherie Lindberg, assistant director of the Stephen A. Hirby, director of administrative Career Center, internship coordinator information management Barry Hoopes, director of human resources337 ADMINISTRATION

Vince Maas, director of campus services Sean Schipper, systems administrator I Charles Schroeder, senior systems manager Office of the Vice President for Damien Velasco, microcomputer specialist II Development and External Affairs Eric Wagner, senior systems analyst Gregory A. Volk, vice president for development Samuel Wiltzius, microcomputer specialist I and external affairs Eileen Zimmerman, application systems manager Steven Blodgett, director of public affairs Elizabeth Boutelle, graphic designer Library Gordon Brown, university editor Susan L. Richards, director of the Seeley G. Sandra Drexler, associate director of development Mudd Library Laura Gehrman, assistant director of annual giving Carol J. Butts, archivist Beth Giese, director of corporate and foundation Peter Gilbert, reference and instructional relations technology librarian Cara Helmke, special events assistant, alumni Kathleen Isaacson, library systems coordinator relations and reference librarian Cal Husmann, director of major and planned giving Michael May, inter-library loan/circulation Joann Jording, user services coordinator assistant Stacy Mara, assistant director of donor relations Cynthia M. Patterson, circulation services Karen Park-Koenig, assistant director of supervisor corporate and foundation relations Antoinette Powell, music librarian Rick Peterson, manager of news services Gretchen M. Revie, reference and instruction Andrea M. Powers, associate director of alumni librarian relations Tom Sykes, media center director Janice Daniels Quinlan, director of alumni Corinne Wocelka, director of technical services relations Timothy Riley, director of donor relations Athletics and Recreation Dwight Seuser, director of advancement Kim Tatro, athletic director and head softball operations coach Shana Shallue, public events manager David Brown, head coach of football Roger Sheffield, director of development Erin L. Buenzli, athletic trainer Jennifer Stone, assistant director of annual giving Matthew Kehrein, head coach of men’s and Barbara Tincher, executive director of major women’s track and field and assistant football and planned giving coach Marsha Tuchscherer, art director Kurt Kirner, coordinator of the recreation center Joseph Vanden Acker, sports information direc- program; head coach of men’s and women’s tor swimming and diving Korey Krueger, head coach of baseball and Computer Services assistant football coach Michael Corbett, director of computer services Kendra Marlowe, women’s volleyball coach Steve Armstrong, systems administrator II and assistant recreation center coordinator Dave Gill, application developer II Amy Proctor, head coach of women’s basketball Kari Hinkens, senior systems analyst David Ruhly, head coach of men’s hockey Jennie Lauzen, user services specialist I Moria Ruhly, head coach of women’s soccer Jeanne Loehnis, application systems manager and assistant track and field coach Robert Lowe, network manager John Tharp, associate athletic director and head Donna Matey, senior systems analyst coach of men’s basketball and golf Dana Rose-Schmalz, user services manager

338 2002-03 Academic Year Calendar

Fall Term (Term I) September 19 Thursday Residence halls open for new students (8:00 a.m.) September 20 Friday New Student Week commences September 22 Sunday Residence halls open for returning students September 25 Wednesday First class meeting of Freshman Studies September 25-27 Wednesday-Friday Registration for new students September 26-27 Thursday-Friday Registration for continuing students September 26 Thursday First day of classes October 9 Wednesday Last day to make class changes or select the S/U option for Term I courses November 7-10 Thursday-Sunday Mid-term reading period November 15 Friday Last day to withdraw from Term I courses November 27-December 1 Wednesday-Sunday Thanksgiving recess December 6 Friday Last day of classes December 7-9 Saturday-Monday Reading period December 10-13 Tuesday-Friday Final examinations December 15 Sunday Residence halls close (noon) Winter Term (Term II) January 5 Sunday Residence halls open (9:00 a.m.) January 6-8 Monday-Wednesday Registration January 6 Monday First day of classes January 17 Friday Last day to make class changes or select the S/U option for Term II courses February 13-16 Thursday-Sunday Mid-term reading period February 21 Friday Last day to withdraw from Term II courses March 3 Monday Dean’s Day (no classes) March 14 Friday Last day of classes March 15-17 Saturday-Monday Reading period March 18-21 Tuesday-Friday Final examinations March 22 Saturday Residence halls close (noon) Spring Term (Term III) March 30 Sunday Residence halls open (9:00 a.m.) March 31-April 2 Monday-Wednesday Registration March 31 Monday First day of classes April 11 Friday Last day to make class changes or select the S/U option for Term III courses May 8-11 Thursday-Sunday Mid-term reading period May 16 Friday Last day to withdraw from Term III courses May 26 Monday Memorial Day (no classes) June 6 Friday Last day of classes June 7-8 Saturday-Sunday Reading period June 9-12 Monday-Thursday Final examinations June 13 Friday Residence halls close for underclassmen (noon) June 15 Sunday Commencement June 15 Sunday Residence halls close for seniors (6:00 p.m.)

339 2003-04 Academic Year Calendar

Fall Term (Term I) September 17 Wednesday Residence halls open for new students (8:00 a.m.) September 18 Thursday New Student Week commences September 21 Sunday Residence halls open for returning students September 22 Monday First class meeting of Freshman Studies September 23-25 Tuesday-Thursday Registration for new students September 24-25 Wednesday-Thursday Registration for continuing students September 24 Wednesday First day of classes October 7 Tuesday Last day to make class changes or select the S/U option for Term I courses November 6-9 Thursday-Sunday Mid-term reading period November 14 Friday Last day to withdraw from Term I courses November 26-30 Wednesday-Sunday Thanksgiving recess December 5 Friday Last day of classes December 6-8 Saturday-Monday Reading period December 9-12 Tuesday-Friday Final examinations December 14 Sunday Residence halls close (noon) Winter Term (Term II) January 4 Sunday Residence halls open (9:00 a.m.) January 5-7 Monday-Wednesday Registration January 5 Monday First day of classes January 16 Friday Last day to make class changes or select the S/U option for Term II courses February 12-15 Thursday-Sunday Mid-term reading period February 20 Friday Last day to withdraw from Term II courses March 1 Monday Dean’s Day (no classes) March 12 Friday Last day of classes March 13-15 Saturday-Monday Reading period March 16-19 Tuesday-Friday Final examinations March 20 Saturday Residence halls close (noon) Spring Term (Term III) March 28 Sunday Residence halls open (9:00 a.m.) March 29-31 Monday-Wednesday Registration March 29 Monday First day of classes April 9 Friday Last day to make class changes or select the S/U option for Term III courses May 6-9 Thursday-Sunday Mid-term reading period May 14 Friday Last day to withdraw from Term III courses May 31 Monday Memorial Day (no classes) June 4 Friday Last day of classes June 5-6 Saturday-Sunday Reading period June 7-10 Monday-Thursday Final examinations June 11 Friday Residence halls close for underclassmen (noon) June 13 Sunday Commencement June 13 Sunday Residence halls close for seniors (6:00 p.m.)

340 341 The Lawrence Campus

1. Main Hall (1853; renovated 2002) 13. Landis Health and Counseling Classrooms, faculty offices, humanities Center (1966) computing laboratory, John G. Strange Student Commons. In 1974, Main Hall 14. Landis Peabody Building (1966) was entered in the National Register of Administrative offices Historic Places. 15. Brokaw Hall (1910) 2. Ormsby Hall (1889; renovated 1973) Administrative offices, box office, student Residence hall residence

3. Science Hall (2000) 16. Alumni Relations, Physical Plant, Classrooms, laboratories, faculty offices, and Conservatory Faculty Offices atrium (1947)

4. Youngchild Hall of Science (1964; 17. Music-Drama Center (1959) renovated 2001) Classrooms, laboratories, Conservatory of Music, WLFM, theatre faculty offices, auditorium and drama department, Harper Hall, Stansbury Theatre, Cloak Theatre 5. Sampson House (1881) Administrative offices 18. Mursell House (1889) Student publications 6. Buchanan Kiewit Center (1986) Swimming pool with diving well, 19. President’s Home (1904; renovated racquet-ball courts, running track, dance 2000) and aerobics studio, weight and exercise room, intramural basketball and volleyball 20. Guest House courts, saunas Accommodations for overnight campus visitors 7. Lucia R. Briggs Hall (1997) Classrooms, laboratories, faculty offices, 21. Alumni House Center for Teaching and Learning Accommodations for overnight cam-

8. New Residence Hall

9. Tennis Courts

10. Heating Plant (1965)

11. Lawrence Academy of Music

12. Colman Hall (1956) Residence hall, dining facilities, meeting rooms, commuting-student lounge, Panhellenic wing

342 343 Lawrence Campus and Vicinity

344 Directions to Lawrence

From Chicago, bypassing Airlines to Appleton Milwaukee (Outagamie County Airport) I-94 north from Chicago joins I-894 south of Midwest Express via Milwaukee Milwaukee. I-894 joins highways 45 and 41 Northwest Airlink via Minneapolis/St. Paul, north of Milwaukee. Continue north on Hwy. Detroit 41 to Appleton. Take the College Avenue exit United Express via Chicago and proceed east four miles through down- Comair via Cincinnati town Appleton to campus. Rental cars available at airport From the Twin Cities Avis 920-730-7575 800-331-2847 I-94 east to Hwy. 10 (Osseo, Wis.). Hwy. 10 Hertz 734-2032 800-654-3131 east to Appleton, connecting with the Hwy. National 739-6421 800-227-7368 441 bypass. Take the College Avenue exit and Budget 731-2291 800-527-0700 proceed west two miles to campus. Taxicabs Driving times Appleton Yellow Taxi 920-733-4444 Chicago (The Loop) 3.5 hours Fox Valley Cab 920-734-4546 Green Bay 30 minutes Iowa City 5.5 hours Madison 2 hours Milwaukee 2 hours Minneapolis/St. Paul 5.5 hours

345 Index IndEx

A B

Academic Bachelor of Arts degree, 23 accommodations for students with Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Music disabilities, 295 program, five-year, double degree, 26, 244 advising, 17, 291 Bachelor of Arts degree with a major in music, internships, 271, 276 179 program, planning, 16 Bachelor of Music degree, 24, 235 progress, 298 Bachelor of Music degree with a major in regulations, 290 music education, 240 services, 10 Bachelor of Music degree with a major in -year calendars, 339, 340 performance, 237 Accompanying, 239 Bachelor of Music degree with a major in Accreditation, 5 theory/composition, 243 Administrative offices and officers, 337 Bills and payments, 308 Admission, 307 Biology, 48 fees, 308 Biology, Recent Advances in, 54, 274 Admission, Conservatory, 235 Biomedical ethics, 55 Admissions, office of, 337, 353 Biosphere 2 Advanced placement, 301 Earth Semester, 279 see also individual departments Universe Semester, 280 Alexander Gymnasium, 13, 343 Björklunden, 5, 273, 337 Allied Health Sciences, 28 Board, 309 Alumni relations, office of, 337, 342, 353 Board of Trustees, 318 Anthropology, 32 Briggs Hall, 11, 342 Application deadlines, 307 Buchanan Kiewit Center, 14, 342 Argentina, 281 Business Art and art history, 39 postgraduate study in, 21 Art Center, Wriston, 11, 343 affairs, office of, 337, 353 Art education, 42 see also education, 95 C Art history, 42 Art, studio, 39 Calendar Artist Series, 12, 275 2002-03 academic year, 339 Athletics and recreation, 14, 338, 353 2003-04 academic year, 340 Attendance, class, 295 Campus Australia, 282 facilities, 11 Austria, 282 life, 11 Awards and prizes, 313 map, 341

347 IndEx

organizations, 15 loads, 292 services, 338 numbering, 20 visits, 307 of study, 31 Canada, 282 overloads/underloads, 292 Career Center, 10, 20, 276, 337, 343, 353 repeating, 297 Caribbean, 282 student-designed, 269 Catalog of record, 291 withdrawing from, 294 Center for Teaching and Learning, 10 Credit for advanced placement examinations, Certification, teaching, 21, 95, 138, 192 301 Chapel, Memorial, 12, 342 Credit for International Baccalaureate Chemistry, 60 Program, 301 Chicago Arts Program, 280 Credits, transfer, 300 Chile, 283 Curriculum, structure of the, 17 China, 283 Czech Republic, 283 Chinese language, 83 Choir, 248 D Classes addressing diversity and competencies, 18 dean of the faculty, 10, 337 limited enrollment, 295 dean of student academic services, 10, 337 Classical Studies, Intercollegiate Center for, in dean of students, 10 Rome, 69, 285 office of, 337, 353 Classics, 68 dean’s list, 302 see also linguistics, 168 degree requirements, 22 Cognitive science, 74 development, office of, 337, 353 Community Council, Lawrence University, 15 directions to Lawrence, 345 Community service, 15 directory, 317 Composition and arranging, 247 disabilities, students with, 295 Computer-assisted art, 11, 41 diversity Center, 13 Computer facilities, 12, 78 divisions within the university, 18 Computer languages, see computer science, 78; drama, see theatre and drama, 223 mathematics, 172 Computer science, 78 see also education, 95; mathematics, 172 E Computer science-mathematics major, 78, 173 East Asian languages and cultures, 82 Computer Services, 12, 338 Ecology, see Forestry and environmental Confidentiality of student education records, 304 studies, 29; biology, 48; environmental Conservatory of Music, 232, 353 studies, 108; Semester in Environmental Convocations, 274 Science, 281; Biosphere 2: Earth Semester, Cooperative degree programs, 28 279 Costa Rica, 283 Economics, 89 Course(s) Economics-mathematics major, 89, 173 changes, 294 Education, 95

348 IndEx

see also art education, 42; music education, G 240 Emeriti faculty, 334 Gates Cambridge Trust, 315 Emeriti trustees, 320 Gender studies, 130 Emphasis, areas of, 19, 239, 244 General education, 17 Engineering, 29 Geology, 137 England, 284 German, 142 English, 102 Germany, 284 Ensemble performance study, 248 Goldwater Scholarships, 315 Environmental studies, 108 Government, 147 Forestry and, 29 Grade Ethnic studies, 117 changes, 298 Examinations, final, 295 -point averages, 298 Expenses, 308 reporting, 297 satisfactory/unsatisfactory option, 297 F Grading system, 296 Graduate study, 20 Faculty, 320 Grants, see fellowships, 315 see also individual departments Greece, 285 Faculty advisors, 17, 291 Greek, see classics, 68 Faculty, emeriti, 334 Grievance procedures, 304 Fees, 308 Guitar, 238 Fellowships, 315 Gymnasiums, 13, 343 Film series, 15 Financial aid, 311 H office of, 337, 353 Harpsichord, 237 Fine Arts, division of, 18 Health careers, postgraduate study in, 21 Fine Arts Colloquium, 294 advisory committee, 21, 48 Five-year Bachelor of Arts/Bachelor of Music High school, college work completed in, 300 degree program, 26, 244 History, 156 Food service, 12, 337 History, art, 42 see also room and board, 309 History, music, 253 Foreign study, see individual departments; History of the university, 4 off-campus programs, 277 Honor code, 291 Forestry and Environmental Studies, 29 Honorary societies, 315 France, 284 Honors Francophone Seminar, 286 at graduation, 303 Fraternities, 15 in course, 303 French, 123 in independent study, 265 Freshman Studies, 18, 128 procedures and guidelines, 266 Fulbright Grants, 315 thesis, 266

349 IndEx

Howard Hughes Fellowships, 315 Latin, see classics, 68 Humanities, division of, 18 Law, postgraduate study in, 21 Lawrence College, 4 I Lawrence education, 7 Lawrence, history of, 4 Independent study, 19, 265 Leaves of absence and withdrawal, 302 India, 285 see also tuition, fees, and refunds, 308 Individual courses of study, 19 Lectures, 274 Information Technology Center, 12 Liberal learning, 7 Intercollegiate Center for Classical Studies in Library, 11, 338, 343 Rome, 69, 285 Limited enrollment classes, 295 Interdisciplinary areas, 19, 271 Linguistics, 168 declaration of, 300 London Center, 284, 287 International Baccalaureate Program, 301 LUCC (Lawrence University Community International and off-campus programs, 10, Council), 15 277, 337 International House, 13 M International studies, 167 International student advisor, 10, 337 Main Hall, 11, 342 Internships, 276, 271; see also individual Main Hall Forum, 274 departments Majors, 18 Intramural sports, 14 admission to (Conservatory), 235, 237, 240 Italy, 285, 286 declaration of, 299 student-designed, 270 J see also individual departments Map, campus, 341 Japan, 286 Marine Biology Term, 48, 282 Japanese language, 84 Marshall Scholarships, 315 Jazz studies, 239, 244 Mathematics, 172 Mathematics-computer science major, 78, 173 Mathematics-economics major, 89, 173 K Mellon Fellowships, 316 Mielke Internships in Biomedical Ethics, Kasel Summer Internship Grants, 21, 55, 59 Health Economics, and Medical Humanities, Kurgan Exchange Term, 213, 286 55, 59 Milwaukee-downer College, 5 L Minors, 18 declaration of, 300 Lambda Sigma, 315 Mission of Lawrence University, 2 Language requirement, 301 Mortar Board, 315 Languages, see Chinese, 82; classics, 68; Music, 11, 14, 179. 232 computer science, 78; French, 123; German, Music education, major in (Conservatory), 240 142; Japanese, 84; Russian, 211; Spanish, 215 350 IndEx

Music education and pedagogy, 250 Phi Beta Kappa, 315 Music history, 253 Pi Kappa Lambda, 315 Music repertoire and performance studies, 255 Philosophy, 185 Music theory, 260 Physical education Music-drama Center, 11 see athletics and recreation, 14, 338, 353 Physics, 190 N Piano, 237 Postgraduate considerations and planning, 20 natural Sciences, division of, 18 President, office of, 337, 342 natural sciences, interdisciplinary major in, Presidents of the university, 5 180 Professional study, 20 with concentration in: Progress toward graduation, 298 biology, 49 Psychology, 197 chemistry, 62 Public affairs, office of, 338, 353 geology, 138 Publications, student, 14 physics, 191 Purposes of the university, 3 national Science Foundation Graduate Fellowships, 316 Q national Security Education Program, 316 newberry Seminar in the Humanities, 280 Québec Seminar and Internship, 282 neuroscience, 181 non-discrimination statement, ii R

O Radio station, WLFM, 11 Recreation, see athletics and recreation, 14, Oak Ridge Science Semester, 281 338, 353; Buchanan Kiewit Center, 14. 342 Occupational therapy, 30 Refunds, 310; see also leaves of absence and Off-campus programs, 19, 277 withdrawal, 302 Offices and officers, administrative, 337 Registration, 293 Organ, 237 Religious Studies, 205 Outreach programs, 353 Repeating courses, 297 Overloads, 292 Requirements, see individual departments; see also Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Music P double-degree program, 26, 244; Bachelor of Arts degree, 23; Bachelor of Arts degree Payments, 309, 353 with a major in music, 179; Bachelor of Pedagogy, see music education and pedagogy, Music degree, 24, 235; general education 240, 250 requirements, 22; residence requirements, 23, Performance, major in (Conservatory), 237 235 Performance areas and areas of emphasis, 19 Residence halls, 12 Percussion, 239 see also room and board, 309 Petitions, 304 Residence requirements, 23, 235

351 IndEx

Rhodes Scholarships, 316 Theatres, 11, 14, 342 Room and board, 309 Theory/composition, major in (Conservatory), Rotary Graduate Fellowships, 316 243 Russia, 286 Transcripts, 297 Transfer between degree programs within the Russian, 211 university, 299 Transfer credit, 300 S Transfer of credit for continuing students, 300 Transfer students, evaluation of credit for, 300 Truman Scholarships, 316 Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory option, 297 Trustees, 318 see also individual departments Trustees, emeriti, 319 Scholarships, 311 Tuition, fees, and refunds, 308 see also Awards and Prizes, 313 Tutorial work and independent study, 265 Fellowships, 315 see also individual departments Science Hall, 11, 342 Science Hall Colloquium, 274 U Secondary teaching, 21, 95, 240; see individual departments Udall Scholarships, 316 Semester in Environmental Science, 281 Underloads, 292 Senegal, 286 Union, Memorial, 13 Shattuck Hall of Music, 11, 342 University courses, 19, 230 Social Sciences, division of, 18 Urban Education, 280 Urban Studies, 280 Sororities, 15 Spain, 286, 287 Spanish, 215 V Stephen Edward Scarff Memorial Professorship, 154, 275 Visiting artists, 275 Voice, 237 String instruments, 238 Volunteer and community service, 15 Student -designed courses, 269 -designed interdisciplinary areas, 271 W -designed majors, 270 Washington Semester, 281 government, see Community Council, 15 Watson Fellowships, 316 -initiated courses, 19, 264 Wind instruments, 238 publications, 14 Withdrawing from courses, 302 Studio art, 39 WLFM radio, 11 Wriston Art Center, 11, 343 Writing for credit, 269 T Writing lab, see Center for Teaching and Learning, 10 Tanzania, 287 Teaching certification, 21, 95, 138, 192 Term system, 292 Y Theatre and drama, 223 Youngchild Hall of Science, 11, 342

352 IndEx

For More Information Conservatory of Music www.lawrence.edu dean of the conservatory 832-6611

Requests for information should be directed Development to the following offices at Lawrence University, Vice president for development and external Appleton, Wisconsin 54912, affairs 832-6517 area code 920: Financial aid Academic affairs director of financial aid 832-6583 dean of the faculty 832-6528 dean of student academic services 832-6530 Publicity, publications, public events, general information Admissions director of public affairs 832-6586 director of admissions 832-6500 Toll-free (800) 227-0982 Records and transcripts [email protected] Registrar 832-6578 [email protected] Alumni relations director of alumni relations 832-6549 Student affairs [email protected] dean of students 832-6596

Athletics Summer programs and director of athletics and recreation 832-6760 outreach programs director of business services coordination Business affairs, payment of bills 832-7685 Vice president for business affairs and [email protected] administration 832-6536

Career planning director of the career center 832-6561

353