Aviation & climate change Fast facts

CO2 Emissions – aviation context 1 • The UK generates 2% of global man made CO2 • UK domestic & international aviation accounted for 2 6% of the UK total in 2004 • UK aviation accounts for just 0.1% of global CO2. • Aviation’s global contribution to climate change is Global issue requires a global solution 3 estimated to grow to around 5-6% by 2050. • Aviation should be included in a comprehensive global policy framework. CO2 emissions from selected UK CO2 emissions by end user in 2003 • Unilateral action would seriously damage UK countries in 2002 competitiveness with negligible impact on 24% emissions.

15% 14% • A positive and deliverable step towards a global solution is the simple and equitable inclusion of

6% aviation in the EU emissions trading scheme. 5% 5% 2% • Non-CO2 atmospheric effects may also be

S 5 a ia ia n K important. Further research is needed and other U 2 in s d a U U h s n p E u I a C R J Note: Assumes international bunkers are included in the UK inventory. mitigating actions may be required.

Technology will play a key role • Aircraft fuel efficiency has more than doubled in the past 40 years.4 • Research target for new aircraft in 2020 is for a further 50% improvement on the 2000 , including up to 10% from ATM system efficiencies.5 • Technology will only partly contribute to limiting Aviation must play its part in addressing emissions growth and cost-effective policy society’s great challenge measures should also be developed. • The government has set an ambitious target to 6 Litres of fuel required to fly one passenger 100 kilometres reduce total UK CO2 by 60% in 2050 . Society as a whole will need to make tough

1960 choices to meet this aspiration. • The government recognises that some activities 2000 will reduce emissions more than others. Emissions trading allows all industries to 2020 contribute to the overall emissions reduction.

0 2 4 6 8 10 • With emissions trading, and their litres of fuel passengers will have to cut emissions or pay to offset growth.

References & notes

1 United Nations Statistics Division, CDIAC, Data last updated on 22 April 2005. 2 UK report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Data assumes international bunker fuel emissions are included in the UK emissions inventory. In this context UK aviation is defined as all domestic services plus all international departures from the UK. 3 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Aviation and the global atmosphere, Cambridge University Press, 1999. April 2007 4 Air Transport Action Group, fast facts, 2003. 5 Advisory Council for Aeronautical Research in Europe (ACARE). 6 Department for Trade & Industry, Energy White Paper, ‘Our energy, our future – creating a low carbon economy’, Cm 5761, February 2003.

Airlines: bmi, British Air Transport Association, , easyJet, , , Monarch, Thomas Cook, , . Air Navigation Service Provider: NATS. Airports: Airport Operators Association, BAA (Aberdeen, Edinburgh, Gatwick, Glasgow, Heathrow, Stansted, Southampton), Belfast City, International, International, Glasgow Prestwick International, Leeds Bradford, City, Manchester Airports Group (Bournemouth, Humberside, Manchester, NEMA), Newcastle International Peel Airports (Durham Tees Valley, Liverpool John Lennon, Robin Hood Doncaster Sheffield, Sheffield City), TBI Group (Belfast International, Cardiff International, London Luton). Manufacturers: UK Ltd, BAE Systems plc, Bombardier Aerospace, Belfast Cobham plc, Defence Aviation Repair Agency (DARA), Doncasters Ltd, Farnborough Aerospace Consortium, Goodrich Engine Control Systems, GKN plc, Marshall of Cambridge Aerospace, Meggitt plc, Messier-Dowty Ltd, QinetiQ, Rolls-Royce plc, SBAC, Smiths Group plc, West of Aerospace Forum.