Robert Dean Stethem, Jr ~ (Nov 17, 1961 – Jun 15, 1985)
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Laura Jarboe
ABSTRACT REAGAN’S ANTITERRORISM: THE ROLE OF LEBANON by Laura Jarboe In the 1980s, President Ronald Reagan was faced with an increase in terrorism directed specifically at the United States. He feared that terrorism compromised America’s reputation, especially in the midst of the Cold War. An examination of terrorism which specifically targeted the military reveals that Reagan’s language and proposed policies emulated his Cold War fight. By 1985, the Reagan administration developed a Task Force for combating terrorism. Close investigation of the Task Force’s publication reveals that although Reagan talked a hard-line against terrorists, he partook in little action against them. REAGAN’S ANTITERRORISM: THE ROLE OF LEBANON A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of History by Laura E. Jarboe Miami University Oxford, Ohio 2012 Advisor______________________________ Amanda McVety Reader_______________________________ Sheldon Anderson Reader_______________________________ Matthew Gordon Table of Contents Preface …………………………………………………………………………………………....1 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………2 A New Terrorism is Born ………………………………………………………………………...5 Reagan Reacts to Terrorism ……………………………………………………………………..12 Calming the Public ...................................................................................................................... 166 The White House Investigates ................................................................................................... -
ISSF Article Review Forum
H-Diplo | ISSF Article Review 121 issforum.org Editors: Diane Labrosse and Seth Offenbach Web and Production Editor: George Fujii Erik R. Scott. “The Hijacking of Aeroflot Flight 244: States and Statelessness in the Late Cold War.” Past and Present 243:1 (May 2019): 213-245. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gty044. Published by ISSF on 26 June 2019 https://issforum.org/to/iar121 Review by Danielle Gilbert, George Washington University n October 1970, Lithuanian father and son Pranas and Algirdas Brazinskas hijacked regional Soviet Aeroflot flight 244. Several minutes into the flight between two cities in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, the elder Brazinskas handed the flight attendant a message for the pilot demanding that he Idivert the flight to Turkey and cease radio communications. The crew resisted, and in the resulting melee, the nineteen-year-old flight attendant was shot and killed, and the pilot and another crew member were injured. The Brazinskases soon occupied the cockpit and compelled the pilot to land the plane in Trabzon, Turkey— effectively escaping the Soviet Union and the possibility of extradition. Thus begins the saga of skyjacking and statelessness that historian Erik Scott explores in “The Hijacking of Aeroflot Flight 244: States and Statelessness in the Late Cold War.” In this meticulously researched account, Scott depicts the first successful hijacking in the Soviet Union and the decades of its aftermath, including the perpetrators’ quest for asylum across Turkey, Italy, Venezuela, and finally the United States, with the help of lobbying efforts by the Lithuanian diaspora and the hijackers’ altered identities. -
Reagan Warns Plane Hijackers SPORTS Give in to Demands
Winfield leads Yanks; Mets fall again, 1B The Register Vol. 107 No. 299 YOUR HOMETOWN NEWSPAPER SINCE 1878 MONDAY, JUNE 17, 1985 25 CENTS INSIDE Reagan warns plane hijackers SPORTS give in to demands. We do not encourage Speakes said Reagan was aware of a WASHINGTON (AP) - President Reagan other nations to do this." yesterday warned Moslem gunmen "for letter said to be signed by 32 people held During the meeting with Vice President More on the hijacking, aboard the hijacked TWA jetliner appealing their own safety" to free American hostages Bush, Secretary of State George P. Shultz, on * hijacked airliner in Beirut as the White page 4A and 5A to him to convince Israel to free the Shiite Secretary of Defense Caspar. W. Weinberger prisoners whose release is sought by the House reaffirmed U.S. policy of not giving and others, the president said he "remains in to terrorist demands. hijackers. The letter also urged Reagan to hopeful for an early peaceful resolution of Beirut and were being held at an undisclosed refrain from direct military action to free "The U.S. government policy as far as this incident," Speakes said. location. terrorist hijacking type of incidents remains the hostages. "I will not consider the matter resolved One passenger was killed by the hijackers The spokesman would not say whether the the same," presidential spokesman Larry until all passengers and crew are safe," Saturday and his body tossed onto the Speakes said following a hastily summoned letter was discussed during the 75-minute Speakes quoted Reagan as saying. He said tarmac at Beirut airport. -
Estimated Age
The US National Counterterrorism Center is pleased to present the 2016 edition of the Counterterrorism (CT) Calendar. Since 2003, we have published the calendar in a daily planner format that provides our consumers with a variety of information related to international terrorism, including wanted terrorists; terrorist group fact sheets; technical issue related to terrorist tactics, techniques, and procedures; and potential dates of importance that terrorists might consider when planning attacks. The cover of this year’s CT Calendar highlights terrorists’ growing use of social media and other emerging online technologies to recruit, radicalize, and encourage adherents to carry out attacks. This year will be the last hardcopy publication of the calendar, as growing production costs necessitate our transition to more cost- effective dissemination methods. In the coming years, NCTC will use a variety of online and other media platforms to continue to share the valuable information found in the CT Calendar with a broad customer set, including our Federal, State, Local, and Tribal law enforcement partners; agencies across the Intelligence Community; private sector partners; and the US public. On behalf of NCTC, I want to thank all the consumers of the CT Calendar during the past 12 years. We hope you continue to find the CT Calendar beneficial to your daily efforts. Sincerely, Nicholas J. Rasmussen Director The US National Counterterrorism Center is pleased to present the 2016 edition of the Counterterrorism (CT) Calendar. This edition, like others since the Calendar was first published in daily planner format in 2003, contains many features across the full range of issues pertaining to international terrorism: terrorist groups, wanted terrorists, and technical pages on various threat-related topics. -
An Able Minister by C
a n n e r “Thou hast given a banner to them that fear thee, that it may be displayed because of the truth” (Ps. 60:4). Volume VI, Number 8 SOUTH POINT, OHIO, AUGUST 15, 1985 Whole Number 80 fO tt A tth fo u r Stblp Modern Departures From By George W. Sherman N.T. Christianity South Point, Ohio By Roy Mason The Bible is the world's greatest (1894-1978) book. It is the supreme revelation of God to man, given in order that the CHANGING THE ORGANIZATION creature might know both his OF THE CHURCH Creator and himself. It explains the Many changes and innovations past, foretells the future, and is an have been made since Christ started unfailing counselor for present, every His church, and since the apostles day living. The Bible is peerless. It lived and wrote. We believe that Bap stands alone among all the books of tists more nearly adhere to the prim the world. It has no rival. To put any itive order than any others, but even other book in the same category they have come—especially in recent with it is to be ridiculously unfair times, to depart in a number of ways and utterly lacking in intellectual from the New Testament pattern. We and moral discernment. The Bible is wish to deal with some of these de God's own book and God's only partures in a series of articles. Our Book. Sir Walter Scott, when dying, purpose in this is not to merely be asked his son-in-law the future bi labor Baptists, but to seek to call Roy Mason ographer, Lockhart, to read to him. -
International Co-Operation in the Use of Elite Military
INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION IN THE USE OF ELITE MILITARY FORCES TO COUNTER TERRORISM: THE BRITISH AND AMERICAN EXPERIENCE, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THEIR RESPECTIVE EXPERIENCES IN THE EVOLUTION OF LOW-INTENSITY OPERATIONS BY JOSEPH PAUL DE BOUCHERVILLE TAILLON A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY THE LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE LONDON, ENGLAND, 1992 UMI Number: U615541 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615541 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 F 7 0 XJl\lbj6S3 ABSTRACT J. Paul de B. Taillon "International Co-operation in the Employment of Elite Military Forces to Counter-Terrorism: The British and American Experience With Special Reference to Their Respective Experiences in the Evolution of Low-Intensity Operations." This thesis examines the employment of elite military forces in low-intensity and counter-terrorist operations, and in particular, placing the principal emphasis on the aspect of international co-operation in the latter. The experiences of Great Britain and the United States in such operations are the main elements of the discussion, reflecting their heavy involvement in such operations. -
USS Stethem to Aid Support in Japanese-Led F-35A Search and Recovery Operations
Another example of a mission ready ship because of a U.S. Navy Port Engineer USS Stethem to Aid Support in Japanese-led F-35A Search and Recovery Operations Story Number: NNS190425-10Release Date: 4/25/2019 11:25:00 AM From U.S. 7th Fleet Public Affairs OKINAWA, Japan (NNS) -- A U.S. Navy salvage team embarked a contracted vessel and departed Okinawa, April 24, to assist Japanese-led search and recovery operations for a downed Japan Air Self Defense Force (JASDF) F-35A. DSCV Van Gogh is a multipurpose diving support and construction vessel equipped with U.S. Navy remotely operated vehicles and a U.S. Navy towed-pinger locator (TPL-25) system. The F-35A aircraft went missing approximately 85 miles east of Misawa Air Base on April 9th. From April 9-17, U.S. Navy guided-missile destroyer, USS Stethem (DDG 63) and P-8A Poseidon aircraft joined JASDF forces, searching an area spanning approximately 5,000 square nautical miles. The seamless cooperation between the U.S. military and the JASDF during this operation is yet another reflection of a strong alliance, forged over decades of mutual support and friendship. U.S. 7th Fleet provides security alongside allies and partners throughout a free and open Indo-Pacific. As the U.S. Navy's largest forward-deployed fleet, 7th Fleet operates roughly 50-70 ships and submarines, and 140 aircraft with approximately 20,000 Sailors. Webmaster’s Note: USS Stethem (DDG-63) is an Arleigh Burke- class destroyer in the United States Navy. The ship was built in Pascagoula, Mississippi, starting on 11 May 1993. -
Closing the Gaps on Hezbollah's Global Operations by Matthew Levitt
MENU Policy Analysis / Articles & Op-Eds Closing the Gaps on Hezbollah's Global Operations by Matthew Levitt Jun 18, 2014 ABOUT THE AUTHORS Matthew Levitt Matthew Levitt is the Fromer-Wexler Fellow and director of the Reinhard Program on Counterterrorism and Intelligence at The Washington Institute. Articles & Testimony The group's large-scale criminal enterprises make it particularly vulnerable to measures such as Congress's recently introduced Hezbollah International Financing Act of 2014. wenty-nine years ago this week, a traumatic yet formative event occurred that prompted a major change in T U.S. policy on terrorism. On June 14, 1985, two Hezbollah hijackers took over TWA Flight 847 just after it took off from Athens en route to Rome. Over the course of 17 days, a short flight turned into a terrifying 8,500 mile journey around the Mediterranean that led to the murder of U.S. Navy diver Robert Stethem. The flight bounced back and forth between Algiers and Beirut, where the two original hijackers, Mohammed Ali Hamadi and Hassan Izz al-Din, were joined by other armed militants including the famed Hezbollah terrorist Imad Mughniyeh. The passengers were moved to safe houses around Beirut, further increasing the severity of the Lebanon hostage crisis that was already underway in Lebanon. Ultimately, 39 hostages were freed on June 29 and sent to Damascus. That November, the hijackers were indicted by an American court on 15 different counts, though this would not deter them from further activity. Izz al-Din was later linked to the 1988 hijacking of Kuwait Air Flight 422 from Bangkok, and Hamadi was arrested in West Germany in 1987 after attempting to carry liquid explosives onto a plane departing from Frankfurt. -
Public Report of the Vice President's Task Force on Combatting Terrorism
If you have issues viewing or accessing this file contact us at NCJRS.gov. " PUBLIC REPORT OF THE VICE PRESIDENT'S TASK FORCE ON COMBATTING TERRORISM ~ OQ ~ FEBRUARY 1986 ~ ~.... • • • 138789 U.S. Department of Justice National Institute of Justice • This document has been reproduced exactly as rec6ived from the person or organization onginating It. Pomts of view or opinions stated in thiS document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the oHlclal position or policies 01 the National Institute of Justice. Permission to reproduce this ~ material has been granted OY1 • • PUb lC DOmaln • ---"lce President of the u. s . to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NGJRS). Further reproduction outside of the NCJRS system reqlJlres permission of the~owner • • • • • I.3Y7?f • • ~'NATJON OF, JUSTJ~~ LIN1BSTITUTE RARY" • Fellow Americans: • As 1985 closed, the world was shocked by yet another savage terrorist act. The violent attacks at the Rome and Vienna airports left 114 wounded and 18 dead, five of whom were Americans. One was a young American girl of eleven. Earlier in the year we saw the hijackings of TWA Flight 847 and the cruise ship Achille Lau'ro, where innocent Americans were brutally murdered by international outlaws. Such • vicious attacks are representative of what has become a growing trend toward interna~ tional terrorism over the past decade. Concerned about the increasing loss of American lives, as well as repeated terrorist threats against our citizens, last July President Reagan asked me to chair a Cabinet-level Task • Force on Combatting Terrorism. Comprised of 14 senior government officials with major responsibilities for our national program to combat terrorism, the Task Force spent the last half of 1985 reviewing and eValuating current U.S. -
Terrorism, Crime, and Public Policy
This page intentionally left blank Terrorism, Crime, and Public Policy Terrorism, Crime, and Public Policy describes the problem of terrorism; compares it to other forms of aggression, particularly crime and war; and discusses policy options for dealing with the problem. It focuses on the causes of terrorism with the aim of understanding its roots and providing insights toward policies that will serve to prevent it. The book serves as a single-source reference on terrorism and as a platform for more in-depth study, with a set of discussion questions at the end of each chapter. Individual chapters focus on the nature of terrorism, theories of aggression and terrorism, the history of terrorism, globalization vs. clash, the role of religion, nonreligious extrem- ism and terrorism, the role of technology, terrorism throughout the modern world, responses to terrorism, fear of terrorism, short-term approaches and long-term strategies for preventing terrorism, balancing security and rights to liberty and privacy, and pathways to a safer and saner twenty-first century. Brian Forst joined the American University faculty after twenty years in nonprofit research, including positions as research director at the Institute for Law and Social Research and the Police Foundation. He is the author most recently of After Terror (with Akbar Ahmed, 2005); Errors of Justice: Nature, Sources, and Remedies (Cambridge University Press, 2004); and The Privatization of Policing: Two Views (with Peter Manning, 1999). He is a member of the American University Senate and chairs the Department of Justice, Law, and Society’s doctoral program. He is also a voting member of the Sentencing Commission for the District of Columbia. -
215183076.Pdf
IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM TRENDS ON AERONAUTICAL SECURITY By CHRIS ANTHONY HAMILTON Bachelor of Science Saint Louis University Saint Louis, Missouri 1987 Master of Science Central Missouri State University Warrensburg, Missouri 1991 Education Specialist Central Missouri State University Warrensburg, Missouri 1994 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF EDUCATION May, 1996 COPYRIGHT By Chris Anthony Hamilton May, 1996 IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM TRENDS ON AERONAUTICAL SECURITY Thesis Approved: Dean of the Graduate College ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to take this opportunity to express my sincere appreciation to all those who, support, guidance, and sacrificed time made my educational experience at Oklahoma State University a successful one. First, I would like to thank my doctoral committee chairman, Dr. Cecil Dugger for his guidance and direction throughout my doctoral program. Dr. Dugger is a unique individual for which I have great respect not only as a mentor but also as good and supportive friend. I would also like to thank my dissertation advisor Dr. Steven Marks, for his support and impute in my academic life at Oklahoma State University. I would also like to thank the Dr. Kenneth Wiggins, Head, Department of Aviation and Space Education for his continue and great support in many ways, that without, I will have never completed my educational goals. Finally, I would like to thank Dr. Deke Johnson as my doctoral committee member, that has always a kind and wise word to get me through difficult days. -
Flight Attendant from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia This Article Needs Additional Citations for Verification
Flight attendant From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2015) "Stewardesses" redirects here. For the 1969 3-D film, see The Stewardesses. "Cabin crew" redirects here. For the Australian dance music duo, see Cabin Crew. "Air hostess" redirects here. For other uses, see Air Hostess (disambiguation). Flight attendant of Austrian Airlines directing a passenger to his seat Flight attendants or cabin crew (also known as stewards/stewardesses, air hosts/hostesses, cabin attendants) are members of an aircrew employed by airlines primarily to ensure the safety and comfort of passengers aboard commercial flights, on select business jet aircraft,[1] and on some military aircraft.[2] Contents [hide] 1 History 2 Overview o 2.1 Responsibilities . 2.1.1 Cabin chimes and overhead panel lights o 2.2 Chief Purser o 2.3 Purser 3 Qualifications o 3.1 Training o 3.2 Language o 3.3 Height and weight 4 Uniforms and presentation 5 In advertising 6 Unions o 6.1 Discrimination 7 Roles in emergencies o 7.1 September 11, 2001 o 7.2 Other emergencies 8 In popular culture 9 Notable flight attendants 10 See also 11 References 12 Further reading 13 External links History[edit] Flight attendant, circa 1949–1950,American Overseas Airlines, Flagship Denmark, Boeing 377 Stratocruiser The role of a flight attendant derives from that of similar positions on passenger ships or passenger trains, but it has more direct involvement with passengers because of the confined quarters on aircraft.