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Integración De Modelos Numéricos De Glaciares Y Procesado De Datos De Georradar En Un Sistema De Información Geográfica Tesis Doctoral
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación Integración de modelos numéricos de glaciares y procesado de datos de georradar en un sistema de información geográfica Tesis Doctoral por Ricardo Rodríguez Cielos Ingeniero de Telecomunicación Ingeniero Técnico en Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía Año 2014 Departamento de Matemática Aplicada a las Tecnologías de la Información Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación Integración de modelos numéricos de glaciares y procesado de datos de georradar en un sistema de información geográfica Autor: Ricardo Rodríguez Cielos Ingeniero de Telecomunicación Ingeniero Técnico en Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía Directores: Francisco José Navarro Valero Javier Jesús Lapazaran Izargain Doctor en Ciencias Físicas Doctor Ingeniero de Telecomunicación Año 2014 III IV Tribunal nombrado por el Mgfco. y Excemo. Sr. Rector de la Uni- versidad Politécnica de Madrid, el día ____ de __________ de 2014. Presidente D. Vocal D. Vocal D. Vocal D. Vocal Secretario D. Realizado el acto de defensa y lectura de la Tesis el día ____ de __________ de 2014, en ____________. Calificación: ________________________ EL PRESIDENTE LOS VOCALES EL VOCAL SECRETARIO V A mis hijos, a ella, a mis padres, a mi familia, a mis compañeros, a mis profesores y a mis alumnos. VII Resumen Resumen Los modelos de termomecánica glaciar están definidos mediante sistemas de ecuaciones en derivadas parciales que establecen los principios básicos de conservación de masa, momento lineal y energía, acompañados por una ley constitutiva que define la relación entre las tensiones a las que está sometido el hielo glaciar y las deformaciones resultantes de las mismas. La resolución de estas ecuaciones requiere la definición precisa del dominio (la geometría del glaciar, obtenido a partir de medidas topográficas y de georradar), así como contar con un conjunto de condiciones de contorno, que se obtienen a partir de medidas de campo de las variables implicadas y que constituyen un conjunto de datos geoespaciales. -
The Dynamics and Mass Budget of Aretic Glaciers
DA NM ARKS OG GRØN L ANDS GEO L OG I SKE UNDERSØGELSE RAP P ORT 2013/3 The Dynamics and Mass Budget of Aretic Glaciers Abstracts, IASC Network of Aretic Glaciology, 9 - 12 January 2012, Zieleniec (Poland) A. P. Ahlstrøm, C. Tijm-Reijmer & M. Sharp (eds) • GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF D EN MARK AND GREENLAND DANISH MINISTAV OF CLIMATE, ENEAGY AND BUILDING ~ G E U S DANMARKS OG GRØNLANDS GEOLOGISKE UNDERSØGELSE RAPPORT 201 3 / 3 The Dynamics and Mass Budget of Arctic Glaciers Abstracts, IASC Network of Arctic Glaciology, 9 - 12 January 2012, Zieleniec (Poland) A. P. Ahlstrøm, C. Tijm-Reijmer & M. Sharp (eds) GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF DENMARK AND GREENLAND DANISH MINISTRY OF CLIMATE, ENERGY AND BUILDING Indhold Preface 5 Programme 6 List of participants 11 Minutes from a special session on tidewater glaciers research in the Arctic 14 Abstracts 17 Seasonal and multi-year fluctuations of tidewater glaciers cliffson Southern Spitsbergen 18 Recent changes in elevation across the Devon Ice Cap, Canada 19 Estimation of iceberg to the Hansbukta (Southern Spitsbergen) based on time-lapse photos 20 Seasonal and interannual velocity variations of two outlet glaciers of Austfonna, Svalbard, inferred by continuous GPS measurements 21 Discharge from the Werenskiold Glacier catchment based upon measurements and surface ablation in summer 2011 22 The mass balance of Austfonna Ice Cap, 2004-2010 23 Overview on radon measurements in glacier meltwater 24 Permafrost distribution in coastal zone in Hornsund (Southern Spitsbergen) 25 Glacial environment of De Long Archipelago -
US Antarctic Program Information Exchange
Information Exchange Under United States Antarctic Activities Articles III and VII (5) of the Modifications of Activities Planned for 2004-2005 ANTARCTIC TREATY X. Tourism X. Tourism Section X presents planned itineraries for U.S. based non- governmental activities in the Treaty area. Abercrombie & Kent International, Inc. Atholl Shipping Corporation and Abercrombie & Kent International, Inc. of Oak Brook, Illinois, conducted a total of ten cruises to the Antarctic Peninsula during the 2004-2005 season using the M/S Explorer II. Given below, for each cruise, is the port of origin, and sites visited (with dates) M/S EXPLORER Cruise EXP16NOV2004 November 2004 94 PAX; 145 STAFF; 162 CREW # PAX 1 Ports Landed Dates Montevideo, URUGUAY 16 NOV 2004 At sea 17-20 NOV 2004 Point Wild, Elephant Island 21 NOV 2004 Esperanza Station, Hope Bay 99 22 NOV 2004 James Ross Island 89* 23 NOV 2004 Vortex Island 106 23 NOV 2004 Paulet Island 114 24 NOV 2004 Brown Bluff, Tabarin Peninsula 87 24 NOV 2004 National Science Foundation 23 Arlington, Virginia 22230 October 1, 2005 Information Exchange Under United States Antarctic Activities Articles III and VII (5) of the Modifications of Activities Planned for 2004-2005 ANTARCTIC TREATY X. Tourism Hannah Point, Livingston Island 84 25 NOV 2004 Whalers Bay, Deception Island 108 25 NOV 2004 At sea 26-27 NOV 2004 Ushuaia, ARGENTINA 28 NOV 2004 1 = Includes passengers, staff and crew landed * = zodiac cruising only Cruise EXP28NOV 2004 November/December 2004 207 PAX; 13 STAFF; 159 CREW # PAX 1 Ports Landed Dates Ushuaia, -
Worldwide Version-Controlled Database of Glacier Thickness Observations Ethan Welty1,2, Michael Zemp2, Francisco Navarro3, Matthias Huss4,5,6, Johannes J
Worldwide version-controlled database of glacier thickness observations Ethan Welty1,2, Michael Zemp2, Francisco Navarro3, Matthias Huss4,5,6, Johannes J. Fürst7, Isabelle Gärtner-Roer2, Johannes Landmann2,4,5, Horst Machguth6,2, Kathrin Naegeli8,2, Liss M. Andreassen9, Daniel Farinotti4,5, Huilin Li10, and GlaThiDa Contributors* 1Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado Boulder, United States 2World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS), University of Zürich, Switzerland 3Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain 4Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zürich, Switzerland 5Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Switzerland 6Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, Switzerland 7Department of Geography, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Germany 8Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Switzerland 9Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), Oslo, Norway 10Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China *A list of additional contributors and their affiliations appears at the end of the paper. Correspondence: Ethan Welty ([email protected]) Abstract. Although worldwide inventories of glacier area have been coordinated internationally for several decades, a similar effort for glacier ice thicknesses was only initiated in 2013. Here, we present the third version of the Glacier Thickness Database (GlaThiDa v3), which includes 3 854 279 thickness measurements distributed over roughly 3 000 glaciers worldwide. Over- 5 all, 14 % of global glacier area is now within 1 km of a thickness measurement (located on the same glacier) – a significant improvement over GlaThiDa v2, which covered only 6 % of global glacier area, and only 1 100 glaciers. -
Observations on the Glacial History of Livingston Island1
Observations on the Glacial History of Livingston Island1 K. R. EVERETT2 ABSTRACT. Livingston Island, one of the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, has recorded at least three glacial events. During the oldest event all areas of the island below 200 m. were covered by an expanded island ice cap. At that time Livingston Island ice probably joined that of adjacent islands. A second, less extensive event, is recorded by deposits of both the inland ice cap and cirque glaciers. Between these two glacial events a higherstand of sea level produced beaches and terracesat 10.6 m. to 12 m. above the present sea level. Following the second glacial event a higher sea level produced beaches 6.1 m. above the present sea level. A third, minor and probably relatively recent glacial event is recorded by push moraines in some cirques from which the ice has now receded. RÉSUMÉ. Observations sur l'histoireglaciaire de l'île deLivingston. L'une des Shetland du Sud, en Antarctique, I'ile de Livingston a vu au moins trois événements glaciaires. Au cours du plus ancien, toute l'île en bas de la cote 200 m a été recou- verte par une calotte insulaire. A ce moment-là, la glace de Livingston rejoignait probablementcelle des îles adjacentes. Un second événement moins étendu est enregistré à la fois dans les dépôts de la calotte,et dans ceux de glaciers de cirque. Entre ces deux événements, un niveau marin plus élevé a produit des plages et des terrasses entre 10,6 et 12 m au-dessus du niveau marin actuel. -
Frontal Ablation of Glaciers on Livingston Island 3 Frontal Ablation of Glaciers on Livingston Island
EGU Journal Logos (RGB) Open Access Open Access Open Access Advances in Annales Nonlinear Processes Geosciences Geophysicae in Geophysics Open Access Open Access Natural Hazards Natural Hazards and Earth System and Earth System Sciences Sciences Discussions Open Access Open Access Atmospheric Atmospheric Chemistry Chemistry and Physics and Physics Discussions Open Access Open Access Atmospheric Atmospheric Measurement Measurement Techniques Techniques Discussions Open Access Open Access Biogeosciences Biogeosciences Discussions Open Access Open Access Climate Climate of the Past of the Past Discussions Open Access Open Access Earth System Earth System Dynamics Dynamics Discussions Open Access Geoscientific Geoscientific Open Access Instrumentation Instrumentation Methods and Methods and Data Systems Data Systems Discussions Open Access Open Access Geoscientific Geoscientific Model Development Model Development Discussions Open Access Open Access Hydrology and Hydrology and Earth System Earth System Sciences Sciences Discussions Open Access Open Access Ocean Science Ocean Science Discussions Open Access Open Access Solid Earth Solid Earth Discussions Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | The Cryosphere Discuss., 7, 4207–4240, 2013 Open Access Open Access www.the-cryosphere-discuss.net/7/4207/2013/ The Cryosphere The Cryosphere TCD doi:10.5194/tcd-7-4207-2013 Discussions © Author(s) 2013. CC Attribution 3.0 License. 7, 4207–4240, 2013 This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal The Cryosphere (TC). Frontal ablation of Please refer to the corresponding final paper in TC if available. glaciers on Livingston Island Frontal ablation and temporal variations B. Osmanoglu et al. in surface velocity of Livingston Island ice cap, Antarctica Title Page Abstract Introduction B. Osmanoglu1, M. -
Ice Thinning on Nunataks During the Glacial to Interglacial Transition In
Quaternary Science Reviews 264 (2021) 107029 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quascirev Ice thinning on nunataks during the glacial to interglacial transition in the Antarctic Peninsula region according to Cosmic-Ray Exposure dating: Evidence and uncertainties * Jose M. Fernandez-Fern andez a, , Marc Oliva a, b, David Palacios c, Julia Garcia-Oteyza b, Francisco J. Navarro d, Irene Schimmelpfennig e,Laetitia€ Leanni e, ASTER Team e, f a Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Territorio (IGOT), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal b Departament de Geografia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain c Departament de Geografia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain d Departamento de Matematica Aplicada a las TIC, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain e Aix-Marseille Universite, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll. France, UM 34 CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France f Consortium: Georges Aumaître, Didier Bourles, Karim Keddadouche, France article info abstract Article history: The small ice caps distributed across the Antarctic Peninsula region have undergone large ice volume Received 3 January 2021 changes since the Last Glacial Cycle, in line with most of the Antarctic continent. While the surface extent Received in revised form of glacial shrinking is relatively well known, the timing of glacial oscillations and the magnitude of ice 27 May 2021 thinning remain little investigated. Cosmic-Ray Exposure (CRE) dating applied on ice-free vertical se- Accepted 8 June 2021 quences can provide insights about the temporal framework of glacial oscillations. However, the po- Available online 17 June 2021 tential occurrence of nuclide inheritance may overestimate the real timing of the last glacial retreat. -
151 3Rd Issue 2009
ISSN 0019–1043 Ice News Bulletin of the International Glaciological Society Number 151 3rd Issue 2009 Contents 2 From the Editor 40 International Glaciological Society 3 Recent work 40 Journal of Glaciology 3 Italy 41 Annals of Glaciology, Volume 51(54) 3 Alpine glaciers 41 Annals of Glaciology, Volume 51(55) 14 Ice cores 42 Report from the Nordic Branch Meeting 16 Alpine inventories 43 Notes from the production team 17 Apennine glaciers 44 Meetings of other societies: 18 Tropical glaciers 44 Northwestern Glaciologists meeting 18 Himalaya–Karakoram glaciers 2009 20 Polar glaciers and ice sheets 47 Sapporo symposium 2nd circular 23 Glacier hydrology 52 Ohio symposium 2nd circular 24 The Miage Lake project 57 Future meetings of other societies: 25 Applied glaciology 11th International Circumpolar 28 Remote sensing Remote Sensing Symposium 30 Permafrost 57 Books received 33 Ice caves 58 News 33 Ecological studies 58 Obituary: Hans Röthlisberger 37 Snow and avalanches 60 Glaciological diary 66 New members Cover picture: River Skeiðará flowing along the terminus of the outlet glacier Skeiðarárjökull from southern Vatnajökull ice cap. The river changed course in July 2009. Until then the river flowed directly to the south from the outlet on the eastern side of the terminus and under the longest bridge in Iceland, the ~900 m long Skeiðará bridge. The river now flows to the west along the terminus and merges with the river Gígjukvísl near the centre of the glacier and the Skeiðará bridge is more or less on dry land. Photo: Oddur Sigurðsson. Scanning electron micrograph of the ice crystal used in headings by kind permission of William P. -
Determination of Ice Thickness and Volume of Hurd Glacier, Hurd Peninsula, Livingstone Island, Antarctica
Universidad de Granada MASTER’S DEGREE IN GEOPHYSICS AND METEOROLOGY MASTER’S THESIS DETERMINATION OF ICE THICKNESS AND VOLUME OF HURD GLACIER, HURD PENINSULA, LIVINGSTONE ISLAND, ANTARCTICA ÁNGEL RENTERO VARGAS Abstract.The present work is the result of several radio-echo sounding (RES) surveys carried out on Hurd Glacier, Hurd Peninsula, Livingston Island, Antarctica, during the austral summer season 2001/2002 campaign, which included radar profiling and common-midpoint measurements with low (20-25 MHz) and high (100- 200MHz)frequency using a ground penetrating radar (GPR), allowing to estimate the radio-wave velocities (RWV) and determine the subglacial relief, thickness and volume of the glacier, topographical surface, and to study the global flux of the ice mass. Theprofiles reached a total length of 77.5 km, with 3922 radio-echo sounding measurements and estimating an average ice volume of 0.35 km3 and a maximum ice thickness of 200 m. Keywords: Hurd Glacier, radio- echo sounding (RES), ground penetrating radar (GPR), radio- wave velocities (RWV). INTRODUCCIÓN Hurd Peninsula ice cap (62°39-42'S, 60°19-25'W; Fig. 1) is based in Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, covering an area of nearly 10 km². The main ice cap is drained by several outlet glaciers: Argentina, flowing northwestwards; Las Palmas, flowing westwards; Sally Rocks tongue, flowing southwestwards; an unnamed tongue flowing southwards (where the authors refer to as McGregor glacier); and Johnsons Glacier, flowing northwestwards, which is additionally fed by ice draining not from the main ice cap but from the east and northeast. For the latter reason, Hurd Peninsula ice cap is often subdivided into two main glacier units: Johnsons Glacier, a tidewater glacier; and Hurd Glacier, the remainingice mass, mostly ending on land. -
Geomatic Methods Applied to the Study of the Fronts of Johnsons and Hurd Glaciers (Livingston Island, Antarctica) from 1957 to 2013
Geomatic methods applied to the study of the fronts of Johnsons and Hurd Glaciers (Livingston Island, Antarctica) from 1957 to 2013. Ricardo Rodríguez1, Julián Aguirre2, Andrés Díez2, Marina Álvarez3, Pedro Rodríguez4. 5 (1) Departamento de Señales, Sistemas y Radiocomunicaciones. ETSI de Telecomunicación. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. (2) Departamento de Ingeniería Topográfica y Cartografía. ETSI en Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. 10 (3) Departamento de Lenguajes y Sistemas Informáticos e Ingeniería de Software. ETS de Ingenieros Informáticos. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. (4) Departamento de Matemática Aplicada. ETSI de Telecomunicación. Universidad de Málaga. Abstract 15 The surveying of glacier fronts combines different geomatics measurement techniques. Aerial photographs and satellite images can be used for determinate the glacier terminus line. If the glacier front is easily accessible, the classic survey using total station or theodolite, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) techniques, laser-scanner or close range photogrammetry are possible. When the accessibility to glaciers is not easy, close range photogrammetry proves to be useful, cheap and fast. In this paper, a methodology that combines photogrammetric methods and other techniques for the 20 snout of the Johnsons Glacier (inaccessible) is studied. The images obtained from the front in 2013, come from a non- metric digital camera; its georeferencing to a global coordinate system is performed by measuring points GNSS support in accessible areas of the glacier front side and applying methods of direct intersection in inaccessible points of the front, taking measurements with theodolite. The result of observations obtained with different geomatics measurement techniques, were applied to study the temporal evolution (1957-2014) of the position of the Johnsons glacier front and the 25 position of the Argentina, Las Palmas and Sally Rocks lobes (Hurd glacier). -
Generaci´On Autom´Atica De Malla De Elementos Finitos En Modelos
UNIVERSIDAD POLITE´CNICA DE MADRID ESCUELA TECNICA´ SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS DE CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS GENERACIO´ N AUTOMATICA´ DE MALLA DE ELEMENTOS FINITOS EN MODELOS EVOLUTIVOS DE DINAMICA´ DE GLACIARES Tesis Doctoral por JAIME OTERO GARC´IA Licenciado en Ciencias Matem´aticas Madrid, 2008 Departamento de Mec´anicade Medios Continuos y Teor´ıade Estructuras Escuela T´ecnicaSuperior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos GENERACION´ AUTOMATICA´ DE MALLA DE ELEMENTOS FINITOS EN MODELOS EVOLUTIVOS DE DINAMICA´ DE GLACIARES Autor: JAIME OTERO GARC´IA Licenciado en Ciencias Matem´aticas Directores: FRANCISCO JOSE´ NAVARRO VALERO, Doctor en Ciencias F´ısicas y MAR´IA LUISA CUADRADO EBRERO, Doctora Ingeniera de Telecomunicaci´on Madrid, 2008 ii Tribunal nombrado por el Mgfco. y Excmo. Sr. Rector de la Uni- versidad Polit´ecnicade Madrid, el d´ıa de de 2008. Presidente D. Vocal D. Vocal D. Vocal D. Secretario D. Suplente D. Suplente D. Realizado el acto de defensa y lectura de la Tesis el d´ıa de de 2008, en la E.T.S.I. EL PRESIDENTE LOS VOCALES EL SECRETARIO A mis padres Luis y Tere. A Mar´ıa. A Gabriela y Jara. v Resumen El objetivo final de las investigaciones en las que se encuadra esta tesis doctoral es la predicci´onde la respuesta de los glaciares y mantos de hielo a las variaciones en los par´ametrosclim´aticos,utilizando como herramienta fundamental la simu- laci´onnum´ericade la termomec´anicaglaciar. El Grupo de Simulaci´onNum´erica en Ciencias e Ingenier´ıade la Universidad Polit´ecnicade Madrid, del que forma parte el doctorando, ha desarrollado durante los ultimos a˜nos un modelo com- pleto de termomec´anicaglaciar. -
Deformation of Glacial Materials: Introduction and Overview
Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 25, 2021 Deformation of glacial materials: introduction and overview ALEX J. MALTMAN, BRYN HUBBARD & MICHAEL J. HAMBREY Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Wales, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3DB, UK (e-mail. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) The flow of glacier ice can produce structures Milnes 1977; Hooke & Hudleston 1978; Lawson that are striking and beautiful. Associated sedi- et al. 1994). However, these concepts remain to be ments, too, can develop spectacular deformation applied to deformation at the scale of ice sheets, structures and examples are remarkably well where analogous structures are at least an order preserved in Quaternary deposits. Although such of magnitude larger. Significantly, these struc- features have long been recognized, they are now tures may well contain information with the the subject of new attention from glaciologists potential for assessing the long-term dynamic and glacial geologists. However, these workers behaviour and stability of their host ice masses. are not always fully aware of the methods for Striking deformation structures are also pro- unravelling deformation structures evolved in duced at a wide variety of scales in the sediments recent years by structural geologists, who them- associated with ice. Fine examples appear, selves may not be fully aware of the opportu- for example, in the works of Brodzikowski (e.g. nities offered by glacial materials. This book, and in Jones & Preston 1989) and in the volumes by the conference from which it stemmed, were Ehlers et al. (1995a, b). In fact, of all the vari- conceived of as a step towards bridging this ous kinds of geological deformation structures, apparent gap between groups of workers with among the very first to be described were fea- potentially overlapping interests.