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NEW JERSEY History GUIDE
NEW JERSEY HISTOry GUIDE THE INSIDER'S GUIDE TO NEW JERSEY'S HiSTORIC SitES CONTENTS CONNECT WITH NEW JERSEY Photo: Battle of Trenton Reenactment/Chase Heilman Photography Reenactment/Chase Heilman Trenton Battle of Photo: NEW JERSEY HISTORY CATEGORIES NEW JERSEY, ROOTED IN HISTORY From Colonial reenactments to Victorian architecture, scientific breakthroughs to WWI Museums 2 monuments, New Jersey brings U.S. history to life. It is the “Crossroads of the American Revolution,” Revolutionary War 6 home of the nation’s oldest continuously Military History 10 operating lighthouse and the birthplace of the motion picture. New Jersey even hosted the Industrial Revolution 14 very first collegiate football game! (Final score: Rutgers 6, Princeton 4) Agriculture 19 Discover New Jersey’s fascinating history. This Multicultural Heritage 22 handbook sorts the state’s historically significant people, places and events into eight categories. Historic Homes & Mansions 25 You’ll find that historic landmarks, homes, Lighthouses 29 monuments, lighthouses and other points of interest are listed within the category they best represent. For more information about each attraction, such DISCLAIMER: Any listing in this publication does not constitute an official as hours of operation, please call the telephone endorsement by the State of New Jersey or the Division of Travel and Tourism. numbers provided, or check the listed websites. Cover Photos: (Top) Battle of Monmouth Reenactment at Monmouth Battlefield State Park; (Bottom) Kingston Mill at the Delaware & Raritan Canal State Park 1-800-visitnj • www.visitnj.org 1 HUnterdon Art MUseUM Enjoy the unique mix of 19th-century architecture and 21st- century art. This arts center is housed in handsome stone structure that served as a grist mill for over a hundred years. -
New Jersey State Research Guide Family History Sources in the Garden State
New Jersey State Research Guide Family History Sources in the Garden State New Jersey History After Henry Hudson’s initial explorations of the Hudson and Delaware River areas, numerous Dutch settlements were attempted in New Jersey, beginning as early as 1618. These settlements were soon abandoned because of altercations with the Lenni-Lenape (or Delaware), the original inhabitants. A more lasting settlement was made from 1638 to 1655 by the Swedes and Finns along the Delaware as part of New Sweden, and this continued to flourish although the Dutch eventually Hessian Barracks, Trenton, New Jersey from U.S., Historical Postcards gained control over this area and made it part of New Netherland. By 1639, there were as many as six boweries, or small plantations, on the New Jersey side of the Hudson across from Manhattan. Two major confrontations with the native Indians in 1643 and 1655 destroyed all Dutch settlements in northern New Jersey, and not until 1660 was the first permanent settlement established—the village of Bergen, today part of Jersey City. Of the settlers throughout the colonial period, only the English outnumbered the Dutch in New Jersey. When England acquired the New Netherland Colony from the Dutch in 1664, King Charles II gave his brother, the Duke of York (later King James II), all of New York and New Jersey. The duke in turn granted New Jersey to two of his creditors, Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret. The land was named Nova Caesaria for the Isle of Jersey, Carteret’s home. The year that England took control there was a large influx of English from New England and Long Island who, for want of more or better land, settled the East Jersey towns of Elizabethtown, Middletown, Piscataway, Shrewsbury, and Woodbridge. -
Underground Railroad Routes in New Jersey — 1860 —
Finding Your Way on the Underground Railroad Theme: Cultural & Historical Author: Wilbur H. Siebert adapted by Christine R. Raabe, Education Consultant Subject Areas Vocabulary History/Social Studies, Mathematics, Underground Railroad, slavery, Science emancipation, abolitionist, fugitive, Quaker, freedom, conductor, Duration station master, passenger, North Star, One class period William Still, Harriet Tubman Correlation to NJ Core Curriculum Setting Content Standards Indoors Social Studies Skills 6.3 (1,2,3,4) Interpreting, relating, charting and 6.4 (2,3,4,5,7,8) mapping, identifying, describing, 6.7 (1,5) comparing 6.8 (1) Charting the Course Although not specifically mentioned in the film, the era of the Underground Railroad’s operation did impact the settlement and development of the region and played an important role in the history of New Jersey.” C29 Finding Your Way on the Underground Railroad Objectives many teachers refer to them in to use it rather than risk having Students will their lessons, many instructors a failed fugitive divulge the never relay the regional secrets of the Underground 1. Explain what the significance of these courageous Railroad. Underground Railroad was African-Americans. and why it was important. William Still was born in 1821 Harriet Tubman was known as in Shamong, New Jersey 2. Identify some of the routes of “Moses” for the large number (formerly called Indian Mills — the Underground Railroad on of slaves she guided to freedom Burlington County). Make a map of New Jersey. as a “conductor” on the students aware that this is not far 3. Describe some the conditions Underground Railroad. Tubman from the Bayshore. -
New Jersey Genealogy Research
New Jersey Genealogy Research Native American Inhabitants The indigenous peoples of the land now called New Jersey were the Lenape. They occupied the entire basin of the Delaware River in east Pennsylvania and south New York, together with most of New Jersey and Delaware. This was the home territory of the Algonquin peoples, the place from whom most of the tribes originated. Their name means "original people" or "genuine people." They spoke an Algonquian dialect. Though they were considered one tribe, the Lenape were a confederacy. They lived in small communities made up mostly of extended family members. The men would hunt or fish during the day. Depending on the season they might search for clams off the Jersey shore or hunt in the woods. The women worked in the gardens. They grew squash, beans, sweet potatoes, and corn. By priority of political rank and because they occupied the central home territory, the Lenape were accorded the respectful title of “grandfather” by all the Algonquian tribes and by the Huron people. The Nanticoke, Conoy, Shawnee, and Mahican claimed close connection with the Lenape and preserved the tradition of a common origin. The English called them the Delaware, from the name of their principal river; the French called them Loups, ‘wolves,’ a term probably applied originally to the Mahican on the Hudson River, afterward extended to the Munsee division and to the whole group. European Settlement Around 1524, Giovanni de Verrazano became the first European to explore New Jersey. He sailed along the coast and anchored off Sandy Hook. In 1609, Henry Hudson sailed through Newark Bay. -
A History of Millburn Township Ebook
A History of Millburn Township eBook A History of Millburn Township »» by Marian Meisner Jointly published by the Millburn/Short Hills Historical Society and the Millburn Free Public Library. Copyright, July 5, 2002. file:///c|/ebook/main.htm9/3/2004 6:40:37 PM content TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Before the Beginning - Millburn in Geological Times II. The First Inhabitants of Millburn III. The Country Before Settlement IV. The First English Settlements in Jersey V. The Indian Deeds VI. The First Millburn Settlers and How They Lived VII. I See by the Papers VIII. The War Comes to Millburn IX. The War Leaves Millburn and Many Loose Ends are Gathered Up X. The Mills of Millburn XI. The Years Between the Revolution and the Coming of the Railroad XII. The Coming of the Railroad XIII. 1857-1870 XIV. The Short Hills and Wyoming Developments XV. The History of Millburn Public Schools XVI. A History of Independent Schools XVII. Millburn's Churches XVIII. Growing Up file:///c|/ebook/toc.htm (1 of 2)9/3/2004 6:40:37 PM content XIX. Changing Times XX. Millburn Township Becomes a Centenarian XXI. 1958-1976 file:///c|/ebook/toc.htm (2 of 2)9/3/2004 6:40:37 PM content Contents CHAPTER I. BEFORE THE BEGINNING Chpt. 1 MILLBURN IN GEOLOGICAL TIMES Chpt. 2 Chpt. 3 The twelve square miles of earth which were bound together on March 20, Chpt. 4 1857, by the Legislature of the State of New Jersey, to form a body politic, thenceforth to be known as the Township of Millburn, is a fractional part of the Chpt. -
New Jersey Historic Roadway Study B) Design
You Are Viewing an Archived Copy from the New Jersey State Library You Are Viewing an Archived Copy from the New Jersey State Library Table of Contents TABLE of CONTENTS Acknowledgements . i Preface . vii I. Introduction . 1 II. Approach . 3 III. Methodology . 5 A. Stage I: Develop Historic Overview . 5 B. Stage II: Establish Historic Signifi cance . 5 C. Stage III: Identifi cation of Signifi cant Roadways . 6 D. Integrity Thresholds . 11 IV. Terms . 13 V. Roadways that Span Multiple Eras . 15 VI. Historic Contexts and Signifi cant Roads . 17 A. Early Roads Era (ca. 1621 - ca. 1815) . 17 1. Introduction . 17 2. Early Roads Era Historic Context . 17 a) Background . 17 b) Nature of Early Roads Era Traffi c . 23 c) Early Roads Era Road Technology . 23 d) Early Roads Era Administrative Innovation . 24 e) Conclusion . 25 3. Early Roads Era Signifi cant Routes . 26 a) Criteria for Signifi cance . 26 b) Signifi cant Routes . 26 4. Early Roads Era Associated Resources . 29 5. Early Roads Era Integrity Thresholds . 30 a) Location . 30 b) Design . 30 c) Materials . 30 d) Workmanship . 30 e) Setting . 30 f) Feeling . 31 g) Association . 31 6. Early Roads Era Timeline . 31 7. Research Questions . 33 B. Internal Improvements Era (ca. 1790 - ca. 1889) . 34 1. Introduction . 34 2. Internal Improvements Era Historic Context . 35 a) Background . 35 b) Nature of Internal Improvements Traffi c . 39 c) Technology . 39 d) Internal Improvements Era Administrative Innovation . 40 e) Conclusion . 41 3. Internal Improvements Era Signifi cant Routes . 42 a) Criteria for Signifi cance . 42 b) Signifi cant Routes . -
Historic Roadsides in New Jersey
Presented to the Rxngwood Public Library FOR REFERENCE SE? 2 8 199! NOT TO BE TAKEN FROM THE ROOM CAT. NO. 23J RINGWOOD PUBLIC LIBRARY, NJ 3 6047 09044956 1 HISTORIC ROADSIDES if A Condensed Description of the ] I Principal Colonial and Revolu- I tionaryLandmarks in Newjersey, II arranged for the Convenience of K^ Students and Motorists. The Society of Colonial Wars in the State of New Jersey 1928 For Purchase of Copies Address WALTER LESTER GLENNEY, ESQ., Secretary 916 Madison Avenue Plainfield, N. J. Copyright 1928 The Society of Colonial Wars in the Stci tc of New Jersey Press oj Innes & Sons Philadelphia PREFACE N the foreword of "The First Americans" the Editors say, "The beginning of the thirteen English Colonies, so big I with destiny, have stirred the reverent curiosity of Ameri' can historians generation after generation." It is one of the ob' jects of the Society of Colonial Wars to promote an interest in and knowledge of Colonial history, not only by historians but by the ordinary man who professes that he has no time to devote to things that are past. In this day when distance is made unimportant by the motor vehicle, and we can in a day cover a mileage, which would have taken many days in Colonial times, there is no excuse for unfamiliarity or lack of knowledge of the historic spots in one's own State. When the State is one with a his- tory so fascinating and so closely connected with our National history, there is even less excuse for ignorance. -
A Synopsis of New Jersey History
The Contours of New Jersey History An Essay on Context for the Heritage Tourism Master Plan Howard L. Green Public History Partners January 2010 NOT TO BE QUOTED WITHOUT PERMISSION This publication was commissioned by the New Jersey Heritage Tourism Task Force as part of its mission to produce a Heritage Tourism Master Plan for the State. The efforts of the Task Force and this publication are funded by the Historic Preservation License Plate Fund. Visit http://www.njht.org/dca/njht/touring for more information. Cover photograph courtesy of The Water Works Conservancy, Inc. The Contours of New Jersey History An Essay on Context for the Heritage Tourism Master Plan By Howard L. Green Abutting the Kittatinny region to the southeast, the New Jersey Highlands Overview run from the Delaware River near Frenchtown to the Ramapo Mountains. The highlands’ rugged northern end was carved roughly 15,000 years ago by the last New Jersey displays a remarkable social, cultural, and historical variety glacier – whose southern extent approximates the path of Interstate 80 across New that begins with its physical geography. A mere 220 miles from top to bottom and Jersey. A rich source of iron ore, this heavily forested area has steep ridges, frequent 70 miles across (at its widest), New Jersey’s boundaries include 130 miles of rock outcroppings, and a number of glacially formed lakes, including Lake Atlantic coast, approximately 50 Delaware Bay miles, as well as Hudson and Hopatcong, the largest freshwater body in the state. The southern end of the Delaware River frontage. Its 8720 square miles of landmass comprise five distinct region’s terrain, below the terminal moraine, is gentler. -
Physiography, Topography and Geology
3: PHYSIOGRAPHY, TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY A. Physiography New Jersey can be divided into four regions, known as physiographic provinces, which are areas with similar sequences of rock types, geologic structures and a common geologic history (see Figure 3a). The northwestern section of New Jersey is part of the Valley and Ridge Province, which is characterized by long, parallel ridges and valleys formed by folded and faulted limestones, shales and sandstones of early and middle Paleozoic age. Erosion-resistant sandstone and siltstone bedrock lie beneath the ridges of the Appalachian Mountains while shale and limestone underlie the valleys. Bordering the Valley and Ridge Province to the southeast, the Highlands Province consists of metamorphic rocks of Precambrian age. The granites and gneisses are resistant to erosion and create a hilly upland with deep, steep-sided valleys carved by streams. These folds are seen in the northern half of Holland Township (see Figure 3a). The Highlands Province is separated from the Piedmont Province by a series of major faults which cross Holland Township and reach the Delaware River near Church Road (see Figure 3a). The Piedmont Province is characterized by gently rolling hills. The rocks of the Piedmont are of Late Triassic and Early Jurassic age. As sediments eroded from adjacent uplands, and were deposited along rivers and lakes within the basin, they became compacted and cemented to form conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone and shale. Diabase is a rock formed by the cooling of magma at some depth in the crust (i.e. the magma did not erupt at the surface), while basalt formed when the magma was extruded onto the surface. -
Trenton's African-American History Manual 2015 Layout 1
Three Centuries of African-American History in Trenton: Significant People and Places Stop the Wrecking Ball Three Centuries of African-American History in Trenton: Significant People and Places by Jennifer B. Leynes Prepared for Trenton Historical Society With funding from New Jersey Historical Commission Acknowledgements The Trenton Historical Society thanks the New Jersey Historical Commission, a division of the Department of State, for funding this publication through a project grant. The author wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Autumn Dilley, who conducted research and located historic photographs for this publication, and Robert Most Clark, who transcribed census data for the Spring Street neighborhood mapping project. The guidance of Wendy Nardi, committee chair and archivist of the Trentoniana Collection of the Trenton Free Public Library, was invaluable throughout the project, as was the support of Trenton Historical Society president Helen Shannon and committee members Sally Lane and Elizabeth Yull. The author also wishes to thank Damon Tvaryanas, who offered valuable editorial input. Cast of the Lincoln School’s 1941 production of The Mikado. i Table of Contents Acknowledgements......................................................................................................................................................................i Table of Contents..................................................................................................................................................................................ii -
New Jersey's Barrier Islands
You are viewing an archived copy from the New Jersey State Library NEW JERSEY'S BARRIER ISLANDS: AN EVER-CHANGING PUBLIC RESOURCE Il \\\\\\ \ I .-- . IHE S'''''TEuNMI?SJTYOF N[WJfR'S£¥ RUTGERS Center for Coastal and Environmental Studies You are viewing an archived copy from the New Jersey State Library Credits and Acknow~edgements This report has been prepared by the Center for Coastal and Environmental Studies at Rutgers - the State University of New Jersey. The text was edited by Penny M. Brown and Hilary Lambert Renwick. The cartography lab at the Center for Coastal and Environmental Studies was helpful in reproducing photographs and drawings. Patricia Eager, as always, graciously typed and retyped the text until it reached her standards of perfection. The document was prepared under contract with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Coastal Resources. The report was prepared with financial assistance of the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Coastal Zone Management, under the provisions of the Federal Coastal Zone Management Act, P.L. 92-582, as amended. Additional support was provided by the Center for Coastal and Environmental Studies, Rutgers - the State University of New Jersey. We are pleased to have been given this opportunity to share the results of the 1980 public conference on New Jersey's barrier islands with New Jersey residents and friends who were and were not able to attend. We feel that our islands can be enjoyed more by understanding them better; this book is written in the hope that it will enhance the coastal experience of all who read it. -
Notes on Newark's Urban History
& camport. IArch. Behav.. Val. 4, no. 2, p. 157-174 (1988) Notes on Newark's Urban History Jacques Gubler Department of Architecture Federal Institute of Technology 12, Avenue de l'Eglise Anglaise 1006 Lausanne Switzerland Summary The originality of Newark's city plan lies in the way in which the colonial set- tlement has been superimposed upon the Indian land pattern. What appears "irregular" in comparison with the usual orthogonal urban grid is, in this case, the use of a ratio- nal order based on a system of land measurement using the "chain" and the "rod. This system also allows for the formation of three triangular parks. La plan de la ville de Newark, dans le New Jersey, est gtnhalement dCcrit comme "irregulier" par rapport au modble de la grille orthofonale. L'originalite de ce plan reside dans la superposition au trace urbain indien preexistant de la nouvelle cite coloniale. L'ordre du dix-septibme sibcle, inscrit aujourd'hui dans la ville moderne, se base sur des mesures d'arpentage anciennes, la "chafne" et la "perche". Les trois parcs triangulaires suivent ce systbme. 1. The Indian Connection: They Gave Way * When, in 1666 (a year remembered for London's Great Fire), Newark was settled as "Town upon Passaik River in the province of New Jersey" (Records of the Town of Newark, New Jersey, 1864). the topography of the Place was not a wilderness ' . It was an open garden once cultivated by the Lenni Lenape Indians. From village to vil- lage, hills to shores, brooks to ocean, the land had been marked.