Jewish Emigration from the Third Reich
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Theresienstadt Concentration Camp from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Coordinates: 50°30′48″N 14°10′1″E
Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Theresienstadt concentration camp From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Coordinates: 50°30′48″N 14°10′1″E "Theresienstadt" redirects here. For the town, see Terezín. Navigation Theresienstadt concentration camp, also referred to as Theresienstadt Ghetto,[1][2] Main page [3] was established by the SS during World War II in the fortress and garrison city of Contents Terezín (German name Theresienstadt), located in what is now the Czech Republic. Featured content During World War II it served as a Nazi concentration camp staffed by German Nazi Current events guards. Random article Tens of thousands of people died there, some killed outright and others dying from Donate to Wikipedia malnutrition and disease. More than 150,000 other persons (including tens of thousands of children) were held there for months or years, before being sent by rail Interaction transports to their deaths at Treblinka and Auschwitz extermination camps in occupied [4] Help Poland, as well as to smaller camps elsewhere. About Wikipedia Contents Community portal Recent changes 1 History The Small Fortress (2005) Contact Wikipedia 2 Main fortress 3 Command and control authority 4 Internal organization Toolbox 5 Industrial labor What links here 6 Western European Jews arrive at camp Related changes 7 Improvements made by inmates Upload file 8 Unequal treatment of prisoners Special pages 9 Final months at the camp in 1945 Permanent link 10 Postwar Location of the concentration camp in 11 Cultural activities and -
Inge Kutchins.An Introduction.T
1 A Conversation with Inge Kutchins February 17, 2019 HISTORY & INTRODUCTION On April 1, 1933 Hitler declared a national boycott of Jewish businesses and the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service passed on April 7 forcing all non-Aryan civil servants to retire from the legal profession and civil service. Similar legislation soon deprived other Jewish professionals of their right to practice, and on April 11, another decree stated anyone who had even one Jewish parent or grandparent was considered non-Aryan. As part of the drive to remove Jewish influence from cultural life, members of the National Socialist Student League removed from libraries any books considered un-German, and a nationwide book burning was held on May 10. The regime used violence and economic pressure to encourage Jews to voluntarily leave Germany. Jewish businesses were denied access to markets, forbidden to advertise, and deprived of access to government contracts. Citizens were harassed and subjected to violent attacks. Many towns posted signs forbidding entry to Jews. In November 1938, a young Jewish man requested an interview with the German ambassador in Paris and met with a legation secretary, whom he shot and killed to protest his family's treatment in Germany. This incident provided the pretext for a pogrom against the Jews beginning on November 9, 1938. Members of the SA (Hitler’s original paramilitary force) damaged or destroyed synagogues and Jewish property throughout Germany. At least 91 German Jews were killed during this pogrom, later called Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass. Further restrictions were imposed on Jews in the coming months – they were forbidden to own businesses or work in retail shops, drive cars, go to the cinema, visit the library, or own weapons, and Jewish pupils were removed from schools. -
Full Text of the Memorandum Was Prominently Published in the May Issue of the All-India Trade Union Congress Bulletin
Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/21864 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation Author: Stolte, Carolina Margaretha Title: Orienting India : interwar internationalism in an Asian inflection, 1917-1937 Issue Date: 2013-10-08 Orienting India Orienting India: Interwar Internationalism in an Asian Inflection, 1917-1937 PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof. mr. C.J.J.M. Stolker, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op dinsdag 8 oktober 2013 klokke 13:45 uur door Carolina Margaretha Stolte geboren te Groningen in 1983 Promotiecommissie Promotores Prof. dr. H.W. van den Doel Prof. dr. H. Fischer-Tiné (ETH Zürich) Overige leden Prof. dr. J.J.L. Gommans Prof. dr. N.K. Wickramasinghe Dr. T.N. Harper (University of Cambridge) © Carolien Stolte 2013. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without written permission from the author. Dit proefschrift is financieel ondersteund door de Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO) onder projectnummer 021.001.121. انقﻻب نہ ایشیا میں نہ یورپ میں سوز و ساز حیات خودی کی موت ہے یہ اور وہ ضمیر کی موت دلوں میں ولولہ انقﻻب ہے پیدا قریب آگیی شاید جہان پیر کی موت Revolution Death to man’s soul is Europe, death is Asia To man’s will: neither feels the vital current In men’s hearts stirs a revolution’s torrent Maybe our old world too is nearing death مجعیت اقوام مشرق پانی بہی مسخ ر ہوا بہی ہے مسخ ر کیا ہو جو نگاہ فلک پیر بدل جاۓ دیکھا ہے ملوکیت افرنگ نے جو خواب ممکن ہے کہ اس خواب کی تعبیر بدل جاۓ طہران ہو گر عامل مشرق کا جنیوا شاید کرۃ ارض کی تقدیر بدل جاۓ An Eastern League of Nations Conquered the waters, conquered the air Why should old heaven change looks, not wear? Europe’s imperialists dreamed – but their dream Soothsayers soon may read a new way! Asia’s Geneva let Teheran be Earth’s book of fate new statutes may see. -
The Jews of Magdeburg Under Nazi Rule Michael E. Abrahams-Sprod A
Life under Siege: The Jews of Magdeburg under Nazi Rule Michael E. Abrahams-Sprod BA (UNSW), Grad Dip Ed (UNSW), Cert T (NSW DSE), MA (UNSW) A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Hebrew, Biblical and Jewish Studies The University of Sydney June 2006 ii Table of Contents Declaration iv Abstract v Dedication vii Abbreviations and Acronyms viii Glossary x Acknowledgements xviii Introduction 1 Aim and Focus 1 The History of the Community until 1933 4 Archival Material and Oral History 11 Historical Approaches and Interpretation 16 Chapter One: The Structure of the Jewish Community 20 Religious, Social, Cultural and Economic Structures 20 The Dissolution of Communal Organisations 45 The Religious Congregations 54 Strategies of Communal Defence and Survival 65 Chapter Two: The Destruction of Jewish Livelihoods, 1933–1938 78 From Boycott to Expropriation 78 The Process of Aryanisation 115 Chapter Three: Daily Life in the Public Domain, 1933–1938 125 Nazi Policy toward the Jews 125 Daily Life and Exclusion 140 Contact with Non-Jews 152 Rassenschande 163 The Destruction of the German-Jewish Symbiosis 176 Chapter Four: Daily Life in the Private Domain, 1933–1938 182 Jewish Family Life and Social Life 182 The Emigration Quandary 191 iii Chapter Five: Daily Lives of Children and Youth, 1933–1938 202 Jewish and Non-Jewish Schools 202 Youth Movements 220 Preparation for Emigration 229 Children and Youth Leaving Home 241 Chapter Six: The Reichskristallnacht and Its Aftermath until September -
Lenni Brenner: Zionism in the Age of the Dictators
REDS Die Roten > Middle East | Nahosten > Israel/Palestine | Israel/Palästina Lenni Brenner Zionism in the Age of the Dictators A Reappraisal (1983) Lenni Brenner: Zionism in the Age of the Dictators. Copyright © 1983 Lenni Brenner. All Rights Reserved. Reposted here by permission Zionism in the Age of the Dictators by Lenni Brenner is presented online for personal use only. No portions of this book may be reprinted, reposted or published without written permission from the author. Transcribed by Lenni Brenner. Marked up by Einde OCallaghan for REDS Die Roten. In lieu of a new introduction Edward Mortimer: Contradiction, collusion and controversy (A review from the London Times) Preface 1. Zionism and Anti-Semitism Prior to the Holocaust 2. Blut und Boden (Blood and Soil): The Roots of Racist Zionism 3. German Zionism and the Collapse of the Weimar Republic 4. Zionism and Italian Fascism, 1922-1933 5. German Zionism Offers to Collaborate with Nazism 6. The Jewish Anti-Nazi Boycott and the Zionist-Nazi Trade Agreement 7. Hitler Looks at Zionism 8. Palestine The Arabs, Zionists, British and Nazis 9. The World Jewish Congress 10. Zionist-Revisionism and Italian Fascism 11. Revisionism and Nazism 12. Georg Kareski, Hitler's Zionist Quisling Before Quisling 13. Choosing the Chosen People The Doctrine of Zionist Cruelty 14. The World Zionist Organisation and Italian Fascism, 1933-1937 15. Austria and the Gentile Friends of Zionism 16. The Jewish Parties of Eastern Europe 17. Spain The Nazis Fight, the Zionists Do Not 18. Zionism's Failure to Fight Nazism in the Liberal Democracies 19. Zionism and the Japanese East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere 20. -
Nazi Germany and the Arab World
Nazi Germany and the Arab World This book considers the evolving strategic interests and foreign policy intent of the Third Reich toward the Arabic-speaking world, from Hitler’s assumption of power in January 1933 to 1944, a year following the final Axis defeat in and expulsion from North Africa in May 1943. It does so within the context of two central, interconnected issues in the larger history of National Socialism and the Third Reich, namely Nazi geopolitical interests and ambitions and the regime’s racial ideology and policy. This book defines the relatively limited geopolitical interests of Nazi Germany in the Middle East and North Africa within the context of its relationships with the other European great powers and its policies with regard to the Arabs and Jews who lived in those areas. francis r. nicosia is Professor of History and the Raul Hilberg Distinguished Professor of Holocaust Studies at the University of Vermont. He is the author of Zionism and Anti-Semitism in Nazi Germany (Cambridge, 2008); the coeditor of Jewish Life in Nazi Germany: Dilemmas and Responses (2010); and the coauthor of The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust (2000). Nicosia was a Revson Fellow at the Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies at the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum from 2000 to 2001 and a Senior Fulbright Research Scholar in Berlin from 1992 to 1993 and from 2006 to 2007. He received the Carnegie Foundation’s Vermont Professor of the Year award in 2000 and the Holocaust Educational Foundation’s Distinguished Achievement Award in 2014. Nazi Germany and the Arab World FRANCIS R. -
The Passion of Max Von Oppenheim Archaeology and Intrigue in the Middle East from Wilhelm II to Hitler
To access digital resources including: blog posts videos online appendices and to purchase copies of this book in: hardback paperback ebook editions Go to: https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/163 Open Book Publishers is a non-profit independent initiative. We rely on sales and donations to continue publishing high-quality academic works. Lionel Gossman is M. Taylor Pyne Professor of Romance Languages (Emeritus) at Princeton University. Most of his work has been on seventeenth and eighteenth-century French literature, nineteenth-century European cultural history, and the theory and practice of historiography. His publications include Men and Masks: A Study of Molière; Medievalism and the Ideologies of the Enlightenment: The World and Work of La Curne de Sainte- Palaye; French Society and Culture: Background for 18th Century Literature; Augustin Thierry and Liberal Historiography; The Empire Unpossess’d: An Essay on Gibbon’s “Decline and Fall”; Between History and Literature; Basel in the Age of Burckhardt: A Study in Unseasonable Ideas; The Making of a Romantic Icon: The Religious Context of Friedrich Overbeck’s “Italia und Germania”; Figuring History; and several edited volumes: The Charles Sanders Peirce Symposium on Semiotics and the Arts; Building a Profession: Autobiographical Perspectives on the Beginnings of Comparative Literature in the United States (with Mihai Spariosu); Geneva-Zurich-Basel: History, Culture, and National Identity, and Begegnungen mit Jacob Burckhardt (with Andreas Cesana). He is also the author of Brownshirt Princess: A Study of the ‘Nazi Conscience’, and the editor and translator of The End and the Beginning: The Book of My Life by Hermynia Zur Mühlen, both published by OBP. -
The Third Reich and the Palestine Question 1St Edition Pdf
FREE THE THIRD REICH AND THE PALESTINE QUESTION 1ST EDITION PDF William Helmreich | 9781351472722 | | | | | The Third Reich and the Palestine Question | Foreign Affairs The agreement was finalized after three months of talks by the Zionist Federation of Germanythe Anglo-Palestine Bank under the directive of the Jewish Agency and the economic authorities of Nazi Germany. It was a major factor in making possible the migration of approximately 60, German Jews to Palestine in — The Third Reich and the Palestine Question 1st edition agreement enabled Jews fleeing persecution under the new Nazi regime to transfer some portion of their assets to British Mandatory Palestine. This event is known as the Machtergreifung seizure of power. Within the Nazi movement, a variety of increasingly radical "solutions" to the " Jewish Question " were proposed both before and after the NSDAP was in government, including expulsion and the encouragement of voluntary emigration. Jews outside Germany responded to these persecutions with a boycott of German goods. Meanwhile, in Mandatory Palestinea growing Jewish populationinrising toin [11] was acquiring land and developing the structures of a future Jewish state despite opposition from the Arab population. The Banks avail themselves of these amounts in Reichmarks in order to make payments on behalf of Palestinian merchants for goods imported by them from Germany. The merchants pay in the value of the goods to the Banks and the "Haavara" The Third Reich and the Palestine Question 1st edition. To the same extent that local merchants will make use of this arrangement, the import of German goods will serve to withdraw Jewish capital from Germany. -
Historiographical Perspectives of the Third Reich: Nazi Policies Towards the Arab World and European Muslims
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley ScholarWorks @ UTRGV History Faculty Publications and Presentations College of Liberal Arts Fall 2017 Historiographical Perspectives of the Third Reich: Nazi Policies towards the Arab World and European Muslims Jesus Montemayor The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/hist_fac Part of the Arabic Studies Commons, European Languages and Societies Commons, and the History Commons Recommended Citation Montemayor, J. (2017). Historiographical Perspectives of the Third Reich: Nazi Policies towards the Arab World and European Muslims. NETSOL: New Trends in Social and Liberal Sciences, 2, 16–30. https://doi.org/10.24819/netsol2017.07 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Liberal Arts at ScholarWorks @ UTRGV. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Faculty Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UTRGV. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. An Interdisciplinary Journal http://www.netsoljournal.net/ Volume 2, Issue 2, pp.16-30, Fall 2017 https://doi.org/10.24819/netsol2017.07 Historiographical Perspectives of the Third Reich: Nazi Policies towards the Arab World and European Muslims Jesus Montemayor University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Abstract This historiographical essay examines major works on the interaction of Nazi Germany and the Arab World in general and the European Muslims in particular. The essay argues that despite the claims of revisionist studies that emerged after 9/11 terrorists attacks, the Nazi influence among the Arab and European Muslims was not deep enough to produce sufficient Muslim and Arab support for the Nazi cause. -
TURKISH DIPLOMACY, 1936-1945 a Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts
RUSSOPHOBIC NEUTRALITY: TURKISH DIPLOMACY, 1936-1945 A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History By Onur Isci, M.A. Washington, DC February 27, 2014 Copyright 2014 by Onur Isci All Rights Reserved ii RUSSOPHOBIC NEUTRALITY: TURKISH DIPLOMACY, 1936-1945 Onur Isci, M.A. Thesis Advisor: Mustafa Aksakal, Ph.D ABSTRACT This dissertation tells the story of Soviet-Turkish rivalry during the crucible of World War II. By 1939, Turkey began fast reverting to its old imperial attitude, when Istanbul’s foreign policy had been dictated largely by the Sultan’s fear of Russia. The state of wartime affairs between Ankara and Moscow gradually fell in sharp contrast with the cordial atmosphere of the 1920s and 1930s. As opposed to previous historians who have dismissed Turkey’s wartime neutrality as a wily strategy of capitalizing on war, I argue that the underlying factor, guiding the Turkish state in its quest to remain neutral was the revival of Russophobia amongst the ruling circles in Ankara. There had never been a moment during the war for neither the Allies nor the Axis to depart Turkey from its neutrality unless some form of guarantee had soothed its Russian complex. A closer examination of the Turkish archives and the parliamentary minutes reveals that Turkey desired a German victory over Russia provided that this was followed by a British victory over Germany. In other words, Turks very much hoped to see another Brest-Litovsk status quo: two separate wars involving Germany, conducted independently by Britain and the USSR without cooperation. -
List of Nazi Concentration Camps from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history List of Nazi concentration camps From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Navigation This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2009) Main page Contents This article presents a partial list of more prominent Nazi concentration camps set up across Europe during World War II and the Holocaust. A Featured content more complete list drawn up in 1967 by the German Ministry of Justice names about 1,200 camps and subcamps in countries occupied by Nazi Current events Germany,[1] while the Jewish Virtual Library writes: "It is estimated that the Nazis established 15,000 camps in the occupied countries."[2] Most Random article of these camps were destroyed. Donate to Wikipedia The later camps, built by the Third Reich mostly between 1939 and 1942, were intended to hold large groups of prisoners without trial or judicial process, including Jews, gypsies, Slavs, prisoners of war and many others, seen as undesirable by the occupation administration. In modern Interaction historiography, the term refers to a place of mistreatment, starvation, forced labour, and murder. Some of the data presented in this table originates from The War Against the Jews by Lucy Dawidowicz.[3] Help About Wikipedia Contents Community portal 1 Table Recent changes 2 See also Contact Wikipedia 3 References 4 Bibliography Toolbox 5 External links What links here Related changes Table [edit] Upload file Extermination camps are marked with light red, Concentration camps are marked with light blue, Labour camps are marked with gray, while Special pages Transit camps and Collective points remain unmarked. -
Jewish Flight from the Bohemian Lands, 1938-1941
NETWORKS OF ESCAPE: JEWISH FLIGHT FROM THE BOHEMIAN LANDS, 1938-1941 Laura E. Brade A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2017 Approved by: Christopher R. Browning Chad Bryant Konrad Jarausch Donald Raleigh Susan Pennybacker Karen Auerbach © 2017 Laura E. Brade ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Laura E. Brade: Networks of Escape: Jewish Flight from the Bohemian Lands, 1938- 1941 (Under the direction of Christopher R. Browning and Chad Bryant) This dissertation tells the remarkable of a quarter of the Jewish population of Bohemia and Moravia who managed to escape Nazi-occupied Czechoslovakia between October 1938 and October 1941. Given all of the obstacles to emigration—an occupation government, a world war, international reluctance to grant visas, and extortionist Nazi emigration policies—this amounted to an extraordinary achievement. Czechoslovak Jews scattered across the globe, from Shanghai and India, to Madagascar and Ecuador. How did they accomplish this daunting task? The current scholarship has approached this question from the perspectives of governments, voluntary organizations, and individual refugees. However, by addressing the various actors in isolation, much of this research has focused either on condemning or heroizing these actors. As a result, the question of how Jewish refugees fled Europe has gone unanswered. Using the Bohemian Lands as a case study, I ask when and how rescue became possible. I make three major claims. First, I argue that a grassroots transnational network of escape facilitated leaving Nazi-occupied Europe.