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1N.2 Adam, Uwe-Dietrich, 5, 75, 75N.6, 78, 134 Adler-Rudel Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88392-4 - Zionism and Anti-Semitism in Nazi Germany Francis R. Nicosia Index More information Index ‘‘acculturation,’’ 1n.2 anti-Semitism, in German history, 1, 4, Adam, Uwe-Dietrich, 5, 75, 75n.6, 78, 4n.4, 4n.5, 5, 14n.5, 16–17, 16n.16, 134 18n.21, 19–20, 26–27, 248, 284, 289, Adler-Rudel, Salomon, 160–161 290; and Jewish emancipation and Advisory Office for Jewish Economic assimilation, 1–3, 9, 30, 114–115, Assistance, 211 118–122, 136; during the Weimar Agriculture, Reich Ministry of, 161, 232, Republic, 50–53, 55, 57; early Nazi 234, 239 ideas on, 63–65; and early Nazi views Ahlwardt, Hermann, 29 on Zionism, 65–73; and the Nazi Alexander II, Tsar, 33 assumption of power, 74–75; and aliyah beth, see Committee for Illegal Zionism, 2, 2n.3, 3, 6–11, 13–31, 94, Immigration; illegal immigration 104, 178–179, 289, 290; Zionist views Allen, William Sheridan, 74 on, 31–44, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 61, 243, Allgemeine Zeitung des Judentums, 23 285, 286, 288, 289, 291; and the Nazi Altkarbe-Obermu¨le, 211 decision-making process, 5–6, 10, Aly, Gotz,€ 254 77–78, 244, 290, see also Jewish self- American Jewish Committee, 161 defense American Jewish Joint Distribution anti-Semitism debates, 16, 20 Committee, 162 Antisemitismusstreit, see anti-Semitism Anglo-Palestine Bank, 86–88 debates Der Angriff, 89–90, 106–108, 201, 204 anti-Zionism, Jewish, 13–14, 30, 68 anti-Jewish legislation, 76–77, 81, 100, Arab-Israeli conflict, 2n.3, 8, 8n.14, 102, 103, 105, 106, 115–116, 117, see also Arab nationalism; Arab revolt 148, 157, 159, 161, 168, 249, 254, Arab nationalism, 8, 40–41, 41n.107, 71, 265, 287, see also Nuremberg Laws 71n.83, 89, 111, 124, 133, 135, anti-Jewish violence, 53, 55, 56, 67, 76, 153n.21, 167, 189, 271, 279; and 77, 77n.9, 100, 102, 105, 115–118, Germany, 110–111, 124, 128, 140, 148, 159, 165, 174, 252, 253, 129n.79, 130–131, 133, 135, 290; 254, 286 Arab revolt, 124, 126, 131, 132, 139, Antisemiten-Katechismus (Anti-Semites’ 259, 265, 272 Catechism), 27 Arbeitsgemeinschaft ju¨ discher Antisemiten Liga, see League of Anti- Jugendorganisationen, see Working Semites Group of Jewish Youth Organizations 309 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88392-4 - Zionism and Anti-Semitism in Nazi Germany Francis R. Nicosia Index More information 310 Index Arbeitsgemeinschaft fu¨ r Kinder und Aussenpolitisches Amt der NSDAP, see Jugend Alijah, see Working Group for Foreign Policy Office, NSDAP Children and Youth Aliyah Austria, 25, 26, 37, 134, 137, 162–163, Arendt, Hannah, 30–32, 32n.73 179, 222, 246, 253, 257, 259, 259n.25, Aronson, Shlomo, 76–77 260, 263n.33, 276, 288; Hitler’s early arrests of Jewish leaders, 100, 140, exposure to Zionism in, 63; Nazi 177–178, 204–205, 252 emigration policy from, 134, 137–138, aryanization, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 222, 243, 245, 246, 248, 253, 254, 245, 249, 250 259, 259n.25, 260, 261, 261n.28, 263, assimilation, Jewish, 1, 1n.2, 13, 17, 271, 275; Nazi policy toward Zionism 17n.19, 30–31, 51, 72, 146, 168, 172; in, 137–139; Zionist occupational Zionist rejection of, 3, 7, 10, 15–16, retraining camps in, 221–222, 278; 31–44, 52, 53–54, 59–61, 92–94, 98, immigration to Palestine from, 270, 101, 107n.2, 148, 150, 152–153, 166, 270n.51, 283, 288; illegal immigration 285, 286, 289; non-Jewish Germans to Palestine from, 264, 270, 272, 274, and, 9, 14, 14n.5, 15, 18–30, 284, 275 285, 290, 291; and Jewish self-defense, Auswanderungsvorbereitungssta¨tte, see 51, 54, 56–61, 286; and Zionist emigration preparation facility organizations, 146, 168; and Marxism, Autoemanzipation (Autoemancipation), 60; early Nazi views on, 67–68, 70, 71, 33–34, 39 285, 290; and Nazi Jewish policy, 75, Avigur, Shaul, 272n.59 77, 105, 107–108, 111, 113–115, Avriel, Ehud, 272, 272n.59, 61 118–122, 136, 140, 172n.64, 189, 197, 229, 251–252, 278, 286–287, 290 Backe, Herbert, 232–234 ; and Revisionist Zionist criticism of the Baden, Archduke of, 7 ZVfD, 189, 193, 194, 205–206; and Baeck, Leo, 247 (fig. 8.1) Jewish occupational retraining, 208, Balfour Declaration, 15, 40–41, 46–50, 211, 220, 229, 238; and the RVt, 193, 52, 66–67 214–215; and relations among the CV, Barkai, Avraham, 72, 158n.33 RjF, and the ZVfD, 170, 174, 212, Bar Kochba, 150, 220 214–215, 278 Bauer, Yehuda, 89 Association of German Zionists- Bavaria, 72, 89, 112, 119, 228, 240 Revisionists (VdZR), 183–187 Beit Halutz, 216 (fig. 7.4) Association of Immigrants from Germany Belgium, 227 (HOG), 190n.28, 191, 194, 194n.43, Belzig, 231–232 204–205 Ben Gurion, David, 181n.1 Association of National German Jews Beratungsstelle fu¨ rju¨ dische (VnJ), 118–119 Wirtschaftshilfe, see Advisory Office Association for Religious-Liberal Jewry for Jewish Economic Assistance (VrJ), 192 Berger, Alfred, 190, 190n.30, 192 Association of Zionists-Revisionists in Bergman, Shmuel Hugo, 41n.106 Germany (LZRD), 181–185, 187 Berk, Schwarz van, 90 Auerbach (Agami), Moshe, 272, Berliner Zionistische Vereinigung, see 272n.59 Berlin Zionist Association (BZV) Auslandshachschara, see ‘‘hachschara Berlin Zionist Association (BZV), 149, abroad’’ 151 Auslandsorganisation der NSDAP, see Bernstorff, Count Johann von, 50, 50n.20 Overseas Organization, NSDAP Betar, 184, 188, 193, 202n.63, 205 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88392-4 - Zionism and Anti-Semitism in Nazi Germany Francis R. Nicosia Index More information Index 311 Beth Chaluz, Magdeburg, 211 Der Bundschuh, 29 Beuthen, 153 Bu¨ rckel, Josef, 274 bi-national state, 40, 41n.106, 42 Burrin, Philippe, 16 Blankensee, 221 B.Z.W. Junggruppen, 221 Blu¨ her, Hans, 29 Blumenfeld, Kurt, 13, 58, 59, 90, 97 Catholic Centre Party, 191 (fig. 3.2), 99–100, 101, 103, 145, 146, Cegla, Willi, 188 153, 157, 174, 175n.74; and Jewish Central Association of German Citizens self-defense, 54–59, 60; and contact of the Jewish Faith/Central Association with Nazis, 61–62, 191; and anti- of Jews in Germany (CV), 11, 30, 51, German economic boycott and 54, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 208, 223; propaganda, 96, 98, 110; and Zionist position of during the Weimar years, leadership over German Jewry, 102; 51, 56, 59; and Jewish self-defense, and relations with Revisionist Zionists, 53–54, 157–160, 166, 166n.50, 168; 185n.17, 190–192, 193, 194n.43 and rivalry with the Zionists, 56, 164, Bohemia and Moravia, 246, 253 164n.45, 166–170, 208; and contact (fig. 8.2), 264, 268, 270, 272, 278, with the Nazis, 62n.52, 165; and 282, 283 opposition to the anti-German boycott, Bolschwing, Otto Albrecht von, 113n.20 96, 164–165; decline of during the Bolshevism, 27, 66 1930s, 101, 150, 164, 170, 174;as Bomsdorf, 221 target of Nazi persecution, 118–119; boycotts, anti-German, 77, 80–84, and cooperation with the ZVfD, 166, 84n.30, 86, 88, 89, 92, 95, 96, 96n.66, 169, 193, 212, 215; views of on Zionist 97–98, 99, 104, 109–110, 123, 125, work in Palestine, 167–168, 171; and 164–165, 181, 184, 186, 188–189, Jewish occupational retraining, 195, 195n.48, 196, 200, 206, 251 168n.54, 211, 223–226; dissolution of, boycotts, anti-Jewish, 76–77, 95, 96, 251–252 100, 102, 105, 115, 117, 118, 148, Central Bureau for the Settlement of 158, 159, 164, 166n.50, 249, 254 German Jews in Palestine, 159–160, Bracher, Karl-Dietrich, 5 177, 177n.80, 179 Brandenburg, 223n.33, 231 Central Committee of German Jews for Breslau, 101, 225, 238 Assistance and Construction (ZJHA), Brit Chaluzim dathiim, 221 210, 210n.10, 211, 227 Brit Hajehudim hazeirim, 221 Central Office for Jewish Economic Brit Hanoar, 221 Assistance (ZjW), 210 British Council for German Jewry, 162 Central Office for Jewish Emigration, Brit Olim, 220 Vienna, 137, 138, 222, 254, 255 Brit Shalom, 40 (fig. 8.3), 259, 261n.28, 262, 263, Brodnitz, Julius, 165 271 Browning, Christopher, 5, 246 Centralverein deutscher Staatsbu¨rger Brustein, William, 16n.16 ju¨ dischen Glaubens/Centralverein der Buber, Martin, 32, 38, 40–41, 41n.106 Juden in Deutschland, see Central and 107, 42–43 Association of German Citizens of the Bulgaria, 274–275 Jewish Faith/Central Association of Bulletin der Judenstaatspartei, 186 Jews in Germany (CV) Bu¨ low, Bernhard von, 50 Chamberlain, Houston Stewart, 26, Bu¨ low-Schwante, Vicco von, 80, 111, 26n.53, 27, 28, 66 127, 248 Chemnitz, 153, 240 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88392-4 - Zionism and Anti-Semitism in Nazi Germany Francis R. Nicosia Index More information 312 Index Christian Socialist Party, 34, 36, 63 Dragebruch, 232 Christliche Welt, 22 Dreyfus, Alfred, 34, 34n.84 Class, Heinrich, 28 Drumont, Edouard, 35 Clodius, Carl, 133 ‘‘dual loyalty,’’ 47 Cohen, Sam, 82–83, 85–87 Du¨ hring, Eugen, 18n.21, 24–25 Cohn, Benno, 146, 162, 175, 177 Cohn, Rabbi Emil, 44, 44n.117 Eckart, Dietrich, 63n.63 ‘‘collective expulsions,’’ 246 economic decline, Jewish, 77, 78, 79, Cologne, 101, 172 82, 90, 94, 98, 104, 105, 114, 116, Colonial Office, British, 138 122, 136, 148, 156–163, 174, 179, Committee for Illegal Immigration, 126, 198, 200, 207, 210, 230, 233, 235, 272 243, 246, 249, 250, 251, 252, 254, Committee of the German Association for 258, 259, 260, 263, 265, 266, 277, Research on Palestine, 26 286, 288 Copenhagen Manifesto, 48 ‘‘economic incorporation,’’ 210 Criminal Police (KRIPO), 112 Economics, Reich Ministry of, 75n.6, 80, Cultural Association of German Jews, 80n.18, 85–88, 109, 116, 117, 126, 211 128, 131, 132, 133, 140, 157, 258, ‘‘cultural bedouins,’’ 27 261n.29, 265, 266, 278, 287 cultural Zionism, 7, 32–33, 38, 40, 41, Edelstein, Jakob, 268 42 Eichmann, Adolf, 255 (fig.
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