DOCSLIB.ORG

Carbon Capture and Storage: Setting the New Zealand Scene

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Carbon Capture and Storage: Setting the New Zealand Scene Carbon capture and storage: Setting the New Zealand scene Brad Field GNS Science Lower Hutt [email protected] GNS Science The mitigation wedges required to meet 2050 emission target (if only 2o in 2100) 60 CCS 50 40 2 O 30 Gt C 20 10 0 2009 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 CCS 14% (17%) Power generation efficiency and fuel switching 3% (1%) Renewables 21% (23%) End-use fuel switching 12% (12%) Nuclear 8% (8%) End-use energy efficiency 42% (39%) Percentages represent share of cumulative emissions reductions to 2050. Percentages in brackets represent share of emissions reductions in the year 2050. IEA 2012, GCCSI 2012 GNS Science Deep purple… http://www.smh.com.au/environment/weather/temperatures-off-the-charts-as-australia-turns-deep-purple-20130108-2ce33.html GNS Science The carbon capture, transport and storage process Below ~800 m = liquid CO2CRC GNS Science Geological storage of CO2 claystone seal rock sandstone reservoir rock seal reservoir CO2CRC injected CO2 seal CO2 storage sites: natural gas reservoir • Several kilometres below surface • Similar locations to oil and natural gas GNS Science Typical depth ranges for subsurface resources Interactions could include leakage/migration, and pressure effects IEAGHG Technical Report 2013-08 GNS Science Global scene • 16 large CCS projects currently operating or in construction, with a total capture ~ 36 Mtpa of CO2 • 59 large projects being planned: >110 Mtpa Government support for CCS: • UKP 1,000 M government funding • USD 3,400 M government funding • AUD 1,680 M Flagship Project funding Big effort internationally – a lot at stake! Big industry – opportunities Global CCS Institute 2012, The Global Status of CCS: 2012, Canberra, Australia NZ = capture at Kapuni (no storage) GNS Science Sleipner Field CO2 Storage, Norway www.statoilhydro.com Capture: Amine process Sleipner A Sleipner T 0 500 m CO 2 Injection Well 1000 CO m Utsira 2 Formation 1500 m Sleipner Øst Production and Injection Wells 2000 m Tore Torp, 0 500 1000 1500 StatoilHydro, m m m Norway 2500 9% CO m Heimdal Formation 2 Started injecting in 1996. ~ 1 Mtpa. 16 Mt so far; 21-30 Mt planned. The extra equipment cost for the CO2 compression and the drilling of the CO2 injection well was roughly 100 million USD. GNS Science Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) - Weyburn • International trading of CO2 • CCUS (“Utilisation”) Source: ARI and Melzer Consulting (2010). Enhanced oil recovery, and CO2 storage Weyburn oilfield in Canada, was discovered in 1954. In October 2000, EnCana began injecting carbon dioxide to boost oil production. Overall, some 20 Mt of carbon dioxide will be permanently sequestered at ~1500 m over the lifespan of the project. The gas is being supplied via a 205 mile long pipeline (costing 100 million US$) from the lignite-fired Dakota Gasification Company synfuels plant site in North Dakota. IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme GNS Science Gorgon – world’s largest storage project, 2015 Description – Construction of 10 million tonnes per year LNG plant. CO2 to be captured from natural gas and injected into the Dupuy Formation Capture –CO2 separation (part of gas separation for LNG) Image courtesy of Chevron • Capture to commence – 2015 (est) Storage – Onshore – beneath Barrow Island at a depth of approx 2000m • Storage commence – 2015 (est) • Storage rate – 3 to 4 million tpa Partners – Chevron, Exxon-Mobil, Shell Petroleum in Western Australia September 2009, Dept of Mines and Petroleum. GNS Science NZ emissions from large point sources total 5-8 Mtpa (small on a global scale) Glenbrook ~1-2 Mt /yr K Thompson Huntly ≤4-5 Mt /yr Kapuni ≤0.8 Mt /yr www.teara.govt.nz Comalco ≤ 0.5 Mt /yr vector.co.nz rhsconsulting.co.nz GNS Science Storage opportunities Onshore capacity ~ 15,000 Mt Likely that we have more than enough! CO2 Storage Field (Total) Maui Mt Field Kapuni 106 ~200-300 Mt McKee 23 Rimu 5 Mangahewa 8 Waihapa/Ngaere 4 Ngatoro 3 Kaimiro 2 King, P., Bland, K., Funnell, R., Archer, R., and Lever, L. 2009. Opportunities for underground geological storage of CO2 in New Zealand - Report CCS-08/5 - Onshore Taranaki Basin overview. Point source GNS Science Report 2009/58. Storage polygon GNS Science Potential leakage mechanisms and impacts of CO2 storage on groundwater IEAGHG Technical Report 2013-08 from Figure 3 of IEAGHG 2011/11. Not to scale. GNS Science Test venting of CO2, Otway project, Australia – a deliberate “leak” Many risks, but… Photo: Sandeep Sharma, CO2CRC + • CO2 storage done for 15 years (EOR for longer) • Risks are recognised (often site-specific) • They can be assessed by site studies (cost:benefit) • Phases of assessing risk – progression of methods • Peer reviews of risk – iterative? (Gorgon) • Risk is closely linked to potential for litigation, fines GNS Science General concepts • Geological site assessments – site-specific • Monitoring and verification - reduce risk, provide proof • What constitutes “leakage”? • Phases – Block delineation/prioritising – Permitting (overlaps?) – Planning and approval – Operation – Post-injection – Handover • Context – changing perceptions, demographics, politics GNS Science What’s special about New Zealand? 1. Local variations in geology 2. Active faults, active seismicity 3. General societal perspectives – climate? NIMBY? 4. Maori perspectives 5. Small population & economy 6. Currently smug (“green”), with adequate electricity supply (?) 7. No regulations specifically on CCS (yet) assurance (3-way); flexibility (geology!) 8. CO2 not used for enhanced oil recovery (yet) 9. Axial ranges; Cook Strait (pipelines or ships?) 10. Uncertain where new large point sources might be. GNS Science Potential issues include…. • Regulations – New legislative requirements – Onus on regulators to predict potential resource interactions? (priority of use, avoidance of conflict?) – Would regions be asked to accept a share of long-term liability, post-injection, or just central government? • CCS infrastructure – When will fields become depleted/available and which ones might be suitable for storage of CO2 – ownership? good condition? • Acceptance ‒ What benefits might there be for regions? ‒ Engagement with communities GNS Science Summary • Globally, CCS is needed if we are to meet emission targets • Currently, NZ emissions are small – may change • New Zealand has “enough” storage capacity • Uncertain where/when CCS will be implemented in NZ • At least 10 special features for New Zealand • Regulators may need to prioritise pore space use • Regulations should enable project planning, help avoid litigation and reassure communities GNS Science Thank you GNS Science Useful publications include: http://www.publish.csiro.au/pid/6467.htm http://www.ieaghg.org/ Paperback - February 2012 Technical Report 2013-08 ISBN: 9780643094857 - AU $ 39.95 An eBook version is available from eBooks.com GNS Science.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hello from Todd Energy
    Community Update Issue 29, June 2021 View over the Taramoukou Conservation Area looking south west to Taranaki Maunga HELLO FROM TODD ENERGY... This is my first community update since joining Todd All of this work that we do is to help provide an affordable and Energy in January, and it’s certainly been a busy time reliable energy supply to all New Zealanders as we transition – both for me in the role of CEO and also for the wider to a low emissions economy. We are actively finding ways to reduce our emissions and, while this will remain an ongoing Todd team. I hope this update finds you and your families journey, through our initiatives we were able to reduce our well as we move into the winter months. emissions by 660 tCO2 / year in 2020 – the equivalent of taking 144 cars off the road. On top of that, through the various Last month, we completed our scheduled drilling activities projects we’re implementing this year, we will be able to further at the Mangahewa G wellsite in north Taranaki, bringing the reduce our emissions by 4,500 tCO2 / year – the equivalent of second phase of development to a close. As some of our taking almost 1,000 cars off the road. You can find out more neighbours may have noticed, Todd’s ‘Big Ben’ drilling rig about our efforts to reduce our emissions in this update, and has already been demobilised and relocated to our Kapuni J I look forward to sharing more on this topic over the coming wellsite in south Taranaki.
    [Show full text]
  • Kapuni Gas Treatment Plant, KGTP) Located on Palmer Road at Kapuni, in the Kapuni Catchment, South Taranaki
    Vector Kapuni GTP Monitoring Programme Annual Report 2018-2019 Technical Report 2019-82 Taranaki Regional Council ISSN: 1178-1467 (Online) Private Bag 713 Document: 2376785 (Word) STRATFORD Document: 2410925 (Pdf) March 2020 Executive summary Vector Gas Ltd (the Company) operates a gas treatment plant (Kapuni Gas Treatment Plant, KGTP) located on Palmer Road at Kapuni, in the Kapuni catchment, South Taranaki. This report for the period July 2018 to June 2019 describes the monitoring programme implemented by the Taranaki Regional Council (the Council) to assess the Company’s environmental and consent compliance performance during the period under review. The report also details the results of the monitoring undertaken and assesses the environmental effects of the Company’s activities. The Company holds a total of 11 resource consents, which include a total of 84 conditions setting out the requirements that they must satisfy. The Company holds one consent to allow it to take water, two consents to discharge effluent/stormwater into the Kapuni Stream, three consents to discharge to land, two land use permits, and one consent to discharge emissions into the air at this site. Two certificates of compliance are held, in relation to activities permitted under the Regional Freshwater Plan. During the monitoring period, the Company KGTP demonstrated an overall high level of environmental performance. The Council’s monitoring programme for the year under review included three inspections, six water samples collected for physicochemical analysis and inter-laboratory comparison, a review of four biomonitoring surveys of receiving waters and two fish surveys. Also a review of monthly provided effluent data and surface water abstraction data was undertaken throughout the monitoring period.
    [Show full text]
  • Vector Kapuni Gas Treatment Plant Consent Monitoring Report
    Vector Kapuni GTP Monitoring Programme Annual Report 2017-2018 Technical Report 2018-53 Taranaki Regional Council ISSN: 1178-1467 (Online) Private Bag 713 Document: 2113008 (Word) STRATFORD Document: 2180081 (Pdf) March 2019 Executive summary Vector Gas Ltd (Vector) operates a gas treatment plant (Kapuni Gas Treatment Plant, KGTP) located on Palmer Road at Kapuni, in the Kapuni catchment, South Taranaki. This report for the period July 2017 to June 2018 describes the monitoring programme implemented by the Taranaki Regional Council (the Council) to assess Vector’s environmental and consent compliance performance during the period under review. The report also details the results of the monitoring undertaken and assesses the environmental effects of Vector’s activities. Vector holds a total of 11 resource consents, which include a total of 84 conditions setting out the requirements that they must satisfy. Vector holds one consent to allow it to take water, two consents to discharge effluent/stormwater into the Kapuni Stream, three consents to discharge to land, two land use permits, and one consent to discharge emissions into the air at this site. Two certificates of compliance are held, in relation to activities permitted under the Regional Freshwater Plan. During the monitoring period, Vector KGTP demonstrated an overall high level of environmental performance. The Council’s monitoring programme for the year under review included three inspections, six water samples collected for physicochemical analysis and inter-laboratory comparison, a review of four biomonitoring surveys of receiving waters and two fish surveys. Also a review of monthly provided effluent data and surface water abstraction data is undertaken throughout the monitoring period.
    [Show full text]
  • NZ Gas Story Presentation
    From wellhead to burner - The New Zealand Gas Story August 2014 Who are we – and why are we here • We’re the industry body and co-regulator • We’re telling the Gas Story because: − the industry has changed, there are more players, and the story is getting fragmented and lost − the industry asked us to stitch the story together and to tell it. − it fits with our obligation to report to the Minister on the state and performance of the gas industry. • and, because gas has a long pedigree and makes a valuable contribution to New Zealand, it’s a great story worth telling... Gas Industry Co 2 What we’ll cover… • History and development • The contribution of gas to New Zealand’s energy supply • How gas used • Industry structure and the players • Gas policy evolution and the regulatory framework • A look at each key element: − exploration & production − processing − transmission we’ll take a short break here − distribution − wholesale and retail markets − metering − pricing − safety • Gas in a carbon-conscious world • What the future for gas may look like Gas Industry Co 3 What is natural gas? Some terms we’ll be using: • Petajoule (PJ) – Measure of gas volume. 1PJ = 40,000 households or approximate annual gas use of Wanganui. • Gigajoule (GJ) – Also a measure of gas volume. There are one million GJs in a PJ. The average household use is around is around 25GJ per year. • LPG – Liquefied Petroleum Gas. Comprising propane and butane components of the gas stream • LNG – Liquefied Natural Gas. Natural gas that is chilled to minus 162C for bulk transport storage in the international market • Condensate – a light oil Gas Industry Co 4 Gas has a long history Oil seeps have been observed in NZ since Maori settlement.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Zealand Gas Story
    FRONT COVER: A new generation of smart gas meters. AN EDMI Helios residential gas meter currently being trialled in New Zealand by Vector Advanced Metering Services. Below it is a graphic read-out of a day’s consumption from one of the households in the trial, together with other usage data that allows the householder to track consumption patterns and facilitate demand management. These meters are manufactured in Malaysia and are starting to be deployed in Europe. Images courtesy of Vector Advanced Metering Services Message from the Chief Executive Gas Industry Co is pleased to publish the third edition of the New Zealand Gas Story. This Report includes developments in the policy, regulatory and operational framework of the industry since the previous edition in April 2014. Gas remains an essential component of New Zealand’s energy supply. It underpins electricity supply security and is the primary energy for many of New Zealand’s largest industries. A number of these are key exporters and for some gas is the effectively the only competitive energy option for their operations. Gas is also a fuel of choice for over 264,000 residential and small business consumers. The gas sector in New Zealand continued to evolve over the past year. A number of indicators remain positive, but the industry is facing some headwinds: the overall market has grown on the back of a return to full three-train methanol production at Methanex. increased petrochemical demand is offset by a continuing trend towards a gas ‘peaking’ role in electricity generation, with a resulting further reduction in gas use for baseload generation.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of a Late Miocene Deep-Water Depositional System in the Southern Taranaki Basin, New Zealand
    geosciences Article Evolution of a Late Miocene Deep-Water Depositional System in the Southern Taranaki Basin, New Zealand Clayton Silver * and Heather Bedle School of Geosciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73069, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: A long-standing problem in the understanding of deep-water turbidite reservoirs relates to how the three-dimensional evolution of deep-water channel systems evolve in response to channel filling on spatiotemporal scales, and how depositional environments affect channel architecture. The 3-D structure and temporal evolution of late Miocene deep-water channel complexes in the southern Taranaki Basin, New Zealand is investigated, and the geometry, distribution, and stacking patterns of the channel complexes are analyzed. Two recently acquired 3-D seismic datasets, the Pipeline-3D (proximal) and Hector-3D (distal) are analyzed. These surveys provide detailed imaging of late Miocene deep-water channel systems, allowing for the assessment of the intricate geometry and seis- mic geomorphology of the systems. Seismic attributes resolve the channel bodies and the associated architectural elements. Spectral decomposition, amplitude curvature, and coherence attributes reveal NW-trending straight to low-sinuosity channels and less prominent NE-trending high-sinuosity feeder channels. Stratal slices across the seismic datasets better characterize the architectural elements. The mapped turbidite systems transition from low-sinuosity to meandering high-sinuosity patterns, Citation: Silver, C.; Bedle, H. likely caused by a change in the shelf-slope gradient due to localized structural relief. Stacking facies Evolution of a Late Miocene patterns within the channel systems reveal the temporal variation from a depositional environment Deep-Water Depositional System in characterized by sediment bypass to vertically aggrading channel systems.
    [Show full text]
  • THE NEW ZEALAND GAS STORY the State and Performance of the New Zealand Gas Industry
    THE NEW ZEALAND GAS STORY The state and performance of the New Zealand gas industry SIXTH EDITION | DECEMBER 2017 Message from the Chief Executive Gas Industry Co is pleased to publish this sixth edition of the New Zealand Gas Story. It includes developments in the policy, regulatory and operational framework of the industry since the previous edition was published in July 2017. The New Zealand gas industry continues to make a significant contribution to New Zealand’s energy supply and is performing well against Government policy and consumer expectations. However, as Gas Industry Co has been signalling for some time, the role of gas in New Zealand has been changing. This has particularly been driven by three interrelated factors: development of new energy technologies and associated consumer preferences; low upstream investment in a low oil price environment over recent years, with resulting impacts on gas reserves; and developing responses to climate change. The key additional factor which will drive further change is the developing policies of the new Labour- led Coalition Government. Climate change policies included in the new Government’s list of priorities will undoubtedly be a significant influence on upstream and other investment. Coalition agreements provide for introducing a Zero Carbon Act and an independent Climate Commission, based on the recommendations of the Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment, and for gradual inclusion of the agriculture sector in the Emissions Trading Scheme. The Labour/Greens Agreement includes requesting the Climate Commission to plan the transition to 100 percent renewable electricity by 2035 in a normal hydrological year. For the moment, gas contributes around 22 percent of New Zealand’s primary energy, and provides over 277,000 New Zealand homes and businesses with secure and affordable energy.
    [Show full text]
  • Energy Information Handbook
    New Zealand Energy Information Handbook Third Edition New Zealand Energy Information Handbook Third Edition Gary Eng Ian Bywater Charles Hendtlass Editors CAENZ 2008 New Zealand Energy Information Handbook – Third Edition ISBN 978-0-908993-44-4 Printing History First published 1984; Second Edition published 1993; this Edition published April 2008. Copyright © 2008 New Zealand Centre for Advanced Engineering Publisher New Zealand Centre for Advanced Engineering University of Canterbury Campus Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140, New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] Editorial Services, Graphics and Book Design Charles Hendtlass, New Zealand Centre for Advanced Engineering. Cover photo by Scott Caldwell, CAENZ. Printing Toltech Print, Christchurch Disclaimer Every attempt has been made to ensure that data in this publication are accurate. However, the New Zealand Centre for Advanced Engineering accepts no liability for any loss or damage however caused arising from reliance on or use of that information or arising from the absence of information or any particular information in this Handbook. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or otherwise disseminated, in any form or by any means, except for the purposes of research or private study, criticism or review, without the prior permission of the New Zealand Centre for Advanced Engineering. Preface This Energy Information Handbook brings Climate Change and the depletion rate of together in a single, concise, ready- fossil energy resources, more widely reference format basic technical informa- recognised now than when the second tion describing the country’s energy edition was published, add to the resources and current energy commodi- pressure of finding and using energy ties.
    [Show full text]
  • TODD PETROLEUM MINING CO LTD V SHELL
    IN THE HIGH COURT OF NEW ZEALAND WELLINGTON REGISTRY CIV-2010-485-2122 UNDER the Arbitration Act 1996 IN THE MATTER OF an arbitration BETWEEN TODD PETROLEUM MINING COMPANY LIMITED Plaintiff AND SHELL (PETROLEUM MINING) COMPANY LIMITED Defendant CIV-2010-485-2126 AND UNDER the Arbitration Act 1996 IN THE MATTER OF an arbitration before the Honourable B J Paterson QC BETWEEN SHELL (PETROLEUM MINING) COMPANY LIMITED Plaintiff AND TODD PETROLEUM MINING COMPANY LIMITED Defendant Hearing: 18 and 24 May 2011 Counsel: H N McIntosh and M F Mabbett for Todd J E Hodder SC and T D Smith for Shell Judgment: 30 June 2011 TODD PETROLEUM MINING COMPANY LIMITED V SHELL (PETROLEUM MINING) COMPANY LIMITED HC WN CIV-2010-485-2122 30 June 2011 RESERVED JUDGMENT OF DOBSON J Contents Background ........................................................................................................................................ [1] Contractual framework .................................................................................................................. [14] The questions ................................................................................................................................... [20] The approach to granting leave ..................................................................................................... [24] Todd’s application – questions strongly arguable?....................................................................... [26] Question 2 ...................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • STOS Kapuni Wellsites Hydraulic Fracturing Monitoring Report
    Shell Todd Oil Services Limited (STOS) Kapuni Wellsites Hydraulic Fracturing Monitoring Programme Report 2012-2014 Technical Report 2014-95 ISSN: 0144-8184 (Print) Taranaki Regional Council ISSN: 1178-1467 (Online) Private Bag 713 Document: 1427591 (Word) STRATFORD Document: 1468722 (Pdf) March 2015 Executive summary Shell Todd Oil Services Limited (STOS) operate the KA1/7/19/20 wellsite, located at 360 Palmer Road, the KA4/14 wellsite, located at 598 Palmer Road and the KA6/11/17 wellsite, located at 849 Ahipaipa Road. The wellsites lie within Kapuni, Waiokura and the Inaha catchments, respectively. Each wellsite contains a number of hydrocarbon producing wells and associated infrastructure. STOS hold resource consents 7995-1, 7996-1 and 7998-1, authorising the discharge of contaminants into land at the KA1/7/19/20, KA4/14 and KA6/11/17 wellsites, respectively. The consents were issued by the Council on 28 March 2012 (7995-1 and 7996-1) and 5 April 2012 (7998-1). Each consent contains a total of 14 special conditions which set out the requirements that STOS must satisfy. The following report for the period July 2012 to June 2014 outlines and discusses the results of the monitoring programme implemented by the Taranaki Regional Council (the Council) in relation to the programme of hydraulic fracturing undertaken by Shell Todd Oil Services Limited (STOS), within their Kapuni gas field over the period June 2013 to December 2013. The reports also assess STOS’s level of environmental performance and compliance with the resource consents held in relation to the activity. During the monitoring period being reported, STOS demonstrated a high level of environmental performance.
    [Show full text]
  • Kapuni Field, Taranaki Basin, New Zealand
    Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. SEDIMENTARY LITHOFACIES, PETROGRAPHY AND DIAGENESIS OF THE KAPUNI GROUP IN THE KAPUNI FIELD, TARANAKI BASIN, NEW ZEALAND BRENT JOHN COOPER (2004) SEDIMENTARY LITHOFACIES, PETROGRAPHY AND DIAGENESIS OF THE KAPUNI GROUP IN THE KAPUNI FIELD, TARANAKI BASIN, NEW ZEALAND A thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science with Honours in Earth Science at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand Brent John Cooper (2004) ABSTRACT The reservoir architecture and quality of the Kapuni Group sandstones in seven wells (Kapuni-1, -3 , -8, -12, Deep-I, 14 and -15) in the Kapuni Field are characterised using available core and digital geophysical log data. The study focused primarily on the Eocene Mangahewa Formation, but where limited core permits the older Kaimiro and Farewell formations are also examined. Eleven lithofacies in the Kapuni Group, identified and defined in core on the basis of colour, lithology, bedding, texture and sedimentary structures, are interpreted to represent tidal sand bar, tidal-inlet channel, fluvial-tidal channel, spit platform, sand flat, shallow marine, tidal channel, meandering tidal channel, mud flat, swamp and marsh environments. Correlation of core lithofacies with geophysical log motifs enabled lithofacies identification where core data are not available. Log motifs representing each of the lithofacies were then extrapolated to uncored sections of the Mangahewa Formation in the Kapuni Field wells.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite Total Petroleum System, Taranaki Basin Assessment Unit, New Zealand
    World Petroleum Resources Project Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite Total Petroleum System, Taranaki Basin Assessment Unit, New Zealand The Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite Total Petroleum System coincident Taranaki Basin Assessment Unit was recently assessed for undiscovered technically recoverable oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids resources as part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) World Energy Resources Project, World Oil and Gas Assessment. Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the USGS estimated mean volumes of 487 million barrels of oil, 9.8 trillion cubic feet of gas, and 408 million barrels of natural gas liquids. 170° 175° Introduction The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) World 35° Energy Resources Project conducts assessments of the potential for undiscovered, technically recov- erable oil and natural gas resources of the world, Auckland exclusive of the United States. As a part of this TASMAN SEA program, the USGS recently completed an assess- Deep-Water ment of the conventional undiscovered resources of Taranaki Basin the Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite Total Petroleum NORTH ISLAND System (TPS), Taranaki Basin Assessment Unit Taranaki (AU), onshore and offshore New Zealand (fig. 1). Basin The TPS and AU boundaries are coincident and will 40° EXPLANATION Wanganui Basin be referred to as the AU. Potential unconventional Taranaki Basin AU and resources such as shale oil and coalbed methane Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite TPS Wellington were identified but not assessed. This assessment was based on data from oil and gas exploration wells, production data, and published geologic, PACIFIC OCEAN seismic, and geochemical reports. Christchurch The Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite Total AUSTRALIA SOUTH ISLAND Petroleum System and Taranaki Basin 45° Assessment Unit Area of map NEW The Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite TPS and 0 100 200 MILES ZEALAND Taranaki Basin AU include an area of approxi- 0 100 200 KILOMETERS ANTARCTICA mately 153,000 square kilometers (km2).
    [Show full text]