Carbon capture and storage: Setting the New Zealand scene Brad Field GNS Science Lower Hutt
[email protected] GNS Science The mitigation wedges required to meet 2050 emission target (if only 2o in 2100) 60 CCS 50 40 2 O 30 Gt C 20 10 0 2009 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 CCS 14% (17%) Power generation efficiency and fuel switching 3% (1%) Renewables 21% (23%) End-use fuel switching 12% (12%) Nuclear 8% (8%) End-use energy efficiency 42% (39%) Percentages represent share of cumulative emissions reductions to 2050. Percentages in brackets represent share of emissions reductions in the year 2050. IEA 2012, GCCSI 2012 GNS Science Deep purple… http://www.smh.com.au/environment/weather/temperatures-off-the-charts-as-australia-turns-deep-purple-20130108-2ce33.html GNS Science The carbon capture, transport and storage process Below ~800 m = liquid CO2CRC GNS Science Geological storage of CO2 claystone seal rock sandstone reservoir rock seal reservoir CO2CRC injected CO2 seal CO2 storage sites: natural gas reservoir • Several kilometres below surface • Similar locations to oil and natural gas GNS Science Typical depth ranges for subsurface resources Interactions could include leakage/migration, and pressure effects IEAGHG Technical Report 2013-08 GNS Science Global scene • 16 large CCS projects currently operating or in construction, with a total capture ~ 36 Mtpa of CO2 • 59 large projects being planned: >110 Mtpa Government support for CCS: • UKP 1,000 M government funding • USD 3,400 M government funding • AUD 1,680 M Flagship Project