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Textual Evidence for the Function of the “Botanical Garden” of Karnak in the Initiation Ritual

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Textual Evidence for the Function of the “Botanical Garden” of Karnak in the Initiation Ritual oi.uchicago.edu i ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO STUDIES IN ANCIENT ORIENTAL CIVILIZATION • NUMBER 61 CHICAGO • ILLINOIS Series Editors Leslie Schramer and Thomas G. Urban oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu iii OCCASIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE THEBAN WORKSHOP SACRED SPACE AND SACRED FUNCTION IN ANCIENT THEBES edited by PETER F. DORMAN and BETSY M. BRYAN STUDIES IN ANCIENT ORIENTAL CIVILIZATION • VOLUME 61 THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO CHICAGO • ILLINOIS oi.uchicago.edu Library of Congress Control Number: 2006941012 ISBN: 978-1-885923-46-2 ISSN: 0081-7554 The Oriental Institute, Chicago © 2007 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. Published 2007. Printed in the United States of America. Series Editors’ Acknowledgments Lindsay DeCarlo and Katie L. Johnson assisted in the produc- tion of this volume. Cover Illustration Watercolor by David Roberts Showing Columns Decorated by Ramesses IV at the Great Hypostyle Hall, Karnak. See herein page 53 and figure 5.4. Printed by McNaughton & Gunn, Saline, Michigan The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Services — Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. oi.uchicago.edu v TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................. vii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................. ix Preface. Peter F. Dorman, The Oriental Institute, and Betsy M. Bryan, Johns Hopkins University ............ xiii Programs of the Theban Workshop, 1999–2003 ......................................................................................... xix Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................................... xxiii PAPERS FROM THE THEBAN WORKSHOP 1. Egyptology and the Evaluation of the Sites of Western Thebes. Mohammed el-Bialy, General Director for the Antiquities of Upper Egypt, Supreme Council of Antiquities ......................... 1 PART 1: DIVINE TEMPLES, RITUAL LANDSCAPES 2. Thebes: Origins of a Ritual Landscape. Martina Ullmann, University of Munich ............................ 3 3. Archaeological and Textual Evidence for the Function of the “Botanical Garden” of Karnak in the Initiation Ritual. Dimitri Laboury, FNRS, University of Liège, Belgium ................. 27 4. Pharaonic Building Inscriptions and Temple Decoration. Silke Grallert, University of Bonn ........... 35 5. Veils, Votives, and Marginalia: The Use of Sacred Space at Karnak and Luxor. Peter Brand, University of Memphis ......................................................................................................... 51 6. The Terminology of Sacred Space in Ptolemaic Inscriptions from Thebes. J. Brett McClain, University of Chicago ..................................................................................................................... 85 PART 2: THEBAN TOMBS AND NECROPOLEIS 7. Intersection of Ritual Space and Ritual Representation: Pyramid Texts in Eighteenth Dynasty Theban Tombs. Harold M. Hays and William Schenck, University of Chicago .............................. 97 8. Chamber Ja in Royal Tombs in the Valley of the Kings. Catharine H. Roehrig, Metropolitan Museum of Art ................................................................................................................................. 117 9. Use, Reuse, and Abuse of “Sacred Space”: Observations from Dra Abu al-Naga. Boyo G. Ockinga, Macquarie University, Sydney ......................................................................................... 139 10. Christian Use of Pharaonic Space in Western Thebes. Heike Behlmer, Macquarie University, Sydney ............................................................................................................................................. 163 11. Feasts, Fertility, and Fear: Qurnawi Spirituality in the Ancient Theban Landscape. Kees van der Spek, The Australian National University .................................................................. 177 v oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS GENERAL cf. confer, compare ch. chapter cm centimeter(s) col(s). column(s) et al. et alii, and others e.g. exempli gratia, for example esp. especially etc. et cetera, and so forth fig(s). figure(s) GN god’s name ibid. ibidem, in the same place i.e. id est, that is KN king’s name KV Valley of the Kings m meter(s) n(n). note(s) n.p. no publisher NN personal/royal/god’s name no(s). number(s) op. cit. opere citato, in the work cited pBM papyrus British Museum p(p). page(s) pers. comm. personal communication pl(s). plate(s) PT Pyramid Text TT Theban Tomb Vol(s). Volume(s) BIBLIOGRAPHIC PM 11 B. Porter and R. L. B. Moss. Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs, and Paintings, Vol. 1: The Theban Necropolis, Part 1: Private Tombs. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1960. PM 12 B. Porter and R. L. B. Moss. Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs, and Paintings, Vol. 1: The Theban Necropolis, Part 2: Royal Tombs and Smaller Cemeteries. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964. PM 22 B. Porter and R. L. B. Moss. Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs, and Paintings, Vol. 2: Theban Temples. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972. vii oi.uchicago.edu viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS PM 4 B. Porter and R. L. B. Moss. Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs, and Paintings, Vol. 4: Lower and Middle Egypt. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1934. PM 6 B. Porter and R. L. B. Moss. Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs, and Paintings, Vol. 6: Upper Egypt: Chief Temples. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1939. Urk. II Kurt Sethe. Hieroglyphische Urkunden der griechisch-römischen Zeit, Vols. 1–2. Urkunden des ägyptischen Altertums 2. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1904–1916. Urk. IV Kurt Sethe. Urkunden der 18. Dynastie. Urkunden des ägyptischen Altertums 4. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1906–1909. Urk. VIII Kurt Sethe and Otto Firchow. Thebanische Tempelinschriften aus griechisch-römischer Zeit, Vol. 1. Urkunden des ägyptischen Altertums 8. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1957. Wb. Adolf Erman and Hermann Grapow. Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Vols. 1–7. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1926–1963. oi.uchicago.edu LIST OF FIGURES ix LIST OF FIGURES 2.1. Stela Manchester Museum No. 5052 .............................................................................................. 13 2.2. Column of Antef II .......................................................................................................................... 14 2.3. So-called Court of the Middle Kingdom with Early Platform and Three Eastern Thresholds of Senwosret I and Socle of Calcite ................................................................................................ 15 2.4. Bark Journey of King; Temple of Mentuhotep II at Deir el-Bahari, Southern Outer Wall of Sanctuary ............................................................................................................................ 16 2.5. Bark Journey of the King; Temple of Senwosret I at Karnak, Southern Part of Portico ................ 16 2.6. Reconstruction of Plan of Senwosret I Temple at Karnak .............................................................. 17 2.7. Plan of Eighteenth Dynasty Temple at Medinet Habu with Position of the So-called Earliest Chapel from the Late Eleventh Dynasty ........................................................................... 18 2.8. Plan of Bark Chapel of Senwosret I ................................................................................................ 18 2.9. Naos of Senwosret I ........................................................................................................................ 19 2.10. Wall Fragment of the Temple of Senwosret I at Karnak ................................................................ 20 3.1. Layout of the Hidden Sanctuary of the Akh-menu of the So-called “Botanical Garden” of Thutmose III at Karnak ............................................................................................................... 32 4.1. Possible Positions of inj.n PN on Private Stelae ............................................................................. 37 4.2. Eulogizing Dedicatory Label ........................................................................................................... 37 4.3. Dedication Formula ......................................................................................................................... 38 4.4. Plan of Luxor Temple Proper, with Inscription Locations Indicated .............................................. 41 4.5. Plan of Court of Amenhotep III, Luxor Temple, with Inscription Locations Indicated .................. 44 4.6. Plan of Court of Ramesses II, Luxor Temple, with Inscription Locations Indicated ...................... 45 4.7. Restoration Label ............................................................................................................................ 46 5.1. Cartouche of Ramesses II. From Series of Bandeau Texts Added to Columns in Hypostyle Hall, Karnak Temple, after His Year 21. The Later Form of His Nomen Rª-ms-sw
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