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Book on Baptist History in the Russian Enclave of Kaliningrad Publshed
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe Volume 31 Issue 2 Article 6 5-2011 Church Life Never Disappeared - Book on Baptist History in the Russian Enclave of Kaliningrad Publshed William Yoder Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/ree Part of the Christianity Commons, and the Eastern European Studies Commons Recommended Citation Yoder, William (2011) "Church Life Never Disappeared - Book on Baptist History in the Russian Enclave of Kaliningrad Publshed," Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe: Vol. 31 : Iss. 2 , Article 6. Available at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/ree/vol31/iss2/6 This Article, Exploration, or Report is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ George Fox University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ George Fox University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CHURCH LIFE NEVER DISAPPEARED - BOOK ON BAPTIST HISTORY IN THE RUSSIAN ENCLAVE OF KALININGRAD PUBLSHED by William Yoder Dr. William Yoder, long time member of the REE Editorial Advisory Council, and living in Europe since the mid 1970s, writes regular news releases from Moscow in English and German for the Russian Baptist Union and the Russian Evangelical Alliance. Very likely the first Russian-language book dealing with Baptist life in the once-German Soviet enclave of Kaliningrad (German East Prussia) after 1945 appeared recently. Its author is Anatoly Krikun, the current Baptist Bishop (called “Starshy Presbyter”) of Kaliningrad/Königsberg. Publisher is the “Russian Union of Evangelical Christians-Baptists” and the “Moscow Baptist Theological Seminary”. -
Kaliningrad Study
Kaliningrad in Europe Kaliningrad in Europe A study commissioned by the Council of Europe Edited by Mr Bartosz Cichocki Linguistic Editing œ Mr Paul Holtom, Mrs Catherine Gheribi This study has been drafted by a group of independent experts at the initiative of the Committee of Advisers on the Development of Transfrontier Co-operation in Central and Eastern Europe, an advisory body established by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe. Although every care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this study, the Council of Europe takes no responsibility for factual errors or omissions. The views expressed in the study are those of the authors and do not commit the Council of Europe or any of its organs. Factual information correct at March 2003. © Council of Europe, 2003 Foreword Walter Schwimmer Secretary General of the Council of Europe Kaliningrad, the city and the Oblast, are these days receiving a lot of attention from international circles. The Russian Federation has been actively raising the awareness of European institutions about the peculiar situation of the region, separated by mainland Russia and surrounded by land by two countries, Lithuania and Poland, soon-to- become members of the European Union. The perspective of the enlargement of the European Union to the Russia‘s exclave immediate neighbours is raising fears that the isolation of the Oblast would deepen and its economic and social backwardness worsen. The Council of Europe has responded to these legitimate preoccupation by taking recently several initiatives. In 2002, the Parliamentary Assembly held a thorough debate which led to the adoption of Recommendation 1579 on the Enlargement of the European Union and the Kaliningrad Region. -
Why Kaliningrad Region?
Kaliningrad region Government NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR BUISNESS DEVELOPMENT GENERAL INFORMATION MAXIMUM LENGTH NORWAY OF THE TERRITORY SWEDEN ESTONIA 108 КМ 108 LATVIA RUSSIA KALININGRAD LITHUANIA 15.1 REGION 205 КМ THS КМ² REGION IRELAND TERRITORY BELARUS ADMINISTRATIVE CENTER GERMANY POLAND 22 ENGLAND CITIES KALININGRAD >480 CHECH UKRAINE THOUSAND PEOPLE SLOVAKIA AUSTRIA MAIN CITIES FRANCE HUNGARY SOVETSK BALTIYSK SWITZERLAND ROMANIA >40K PEOPLE >36K PEOPLE CHERNYAKHOVSK GUSEV ITALY >37K PEOPLE >28K PEOPLE SVETLOGORSK >22K PEOPLE SPAIN BULGARIA PORTUGALPORRTUGALR Kaliningrad region Government GREECE POPULATION 56.5% WORKING-AGE POPULATION > 1 MIL PEOPLE DATED 01/08/2018 ~13 THOUSAND PEOPLE > . PER YEAR 3 7 MIGRATION THOUSAND 4. % GROWTH GRADUATES 4 ANNUALLY UNEMPLOYMENT RATE >67 PEOPLE PER KM2 9 POPULATION DENSITY HIGHER EDUCATION 12TH PLACE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION INSTITUTIONS Kaliningrad region Government ECONOMIC 556 $ 88 $ PERFORMANCE 39 661 ₶ 6 579 ₶ 2 PER MONTH М PER YEAR AVERAGE SALARY RENTAL PRIСE FOR COMMERCIAL AND OFFICE 10.3 PROPERTIES BN $ 0.08 $ 347 $ 5.8 25 800 ₶ BN ₶ 670 kWh PER YEAR FOREIGN TRADE ELECTRICITY PRICE INTERNET PRICE TURNOVER 0.02 $ 1.2 ₶ PER MIN OUTGOING CALLS 7.1 1.6 0.65 $ 48 ₶ BN $ BN $ PER LITER 460,9 BN ₶ BN ₶ PRICE 103 OF GASOLINE GROSS INVESTMENTS CAPITAL REGIONAL DONE BY PRODUCT ORGANIZATIONS Kaliningrad region Government SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE >128.4 1 BN ₶ MIL ₶ SEZ REGIME COVERS BN $ 0.02 MIL $ THE WHOLE REGION >1.7 SEZ REGIME IS REGULATED TOTAL AMOUNT MINIMUM BY THE REGIONAL AUTHORITIES OF DECLARED -
The Effect of Railway Network Evolution on the Kaliningrad Region's Landscape Environment Romanova, Elena; Vinogradova, Olga; Kretinin, Gennady; Drobiz, Mikhail
www.ssoar.info The effect of railway network evolution on the Kaliningrad region's landscape environment Romanova, Elena; Vinogradova, Olga; Kretinin, Gennady; Drobiz, Mikhail Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Romanova, E., Vinogradova, O., Kretinin, G., & Drobiz, M. (2015). The effect of railway network evolution on the Kaliningrad region's landscape environment. Baltic Region, 4, 137-149. https://doi.org/10.5922/2074-9848-2015-4-11 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Free Digital Peer Publishing Licence This document is made available under a Free Digital Peer zur Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den DiPP-Lizenzen Publishing Licence. For more Information see: finden Sie hier: http://www.dipp.nrw.de/lizenzen/dppl/service/dppl/ http://www.dipp.nrw.de/lizenzen/dppl/service/dppl/ Diese Version ist zitierbar unter / This version is citable under: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-51411-4 E. Romanova, O. Vinogradova, G. Kretinin, M. Drobiz This article addresses methodology of THE EFFECT OF RAILWAY modern landscape studies from the NETWORK EVOLUTION perspective of natural and man-made components of a territory. Railway infras- ON THE KALININGRAD tructure is not only an important system- REGION’S LANDSCAPE building element of economic and settle- ENVIRONMENT ment patterns; it also affects cultural landscapes. The study of cartographic materials and historiography made it possible to identify the main stages of the * development of the Kaliningrad railway E. Romanova , network in terms of its territorial scope and O. Vinogradova*, to describe causes of the observed changes. * Historically, changes in the political, eco- G. -
Geopolitics of the Kaliningrad Exclave and Enclave: Russian and EU Perspectives Alexander Diener
Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Geography Faculty Research Geography 7-1-2011 Geopolitics of the Kaliningrad Exclave and Enclave: Russian and EU Perspectives Alexander Diener Joshua Hagen Marshall University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://mds.marshall.edu/geography_faculty Part of the Eastern European Studies Commons, Physical and Environmental Geography Commons, and the Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies Commons Recommended Citation Hagen, Joshua, and Alexander Diener (2011) Geopolitics of the Kaliningrad Exclave and Enclave: Russian and EU Perspectives, Eurasian Geography and Economics, 52: 4, 567-592. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Geography at Marshall Digital Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Geography Faculty Research by an authorized administrator of Marshall Digital Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Geopolitics of the Kaliningrad Exclave and Enclave: Russian and EU Perspectives Alexander Diener and Joshua Hagen1 Abstract: Two U.S. political geographers examine a range of geopolitical issues associated with the shifting sovereignty of Russia’s Kaliningrad Oblast (a part of the former German province of East Prussia) during the 20th century, as well as the region’s evolving geopolitical status as a consequence of the European Union’s enlargement to embrace Poland and Lithu- ania. They argue that Kaliningrad today can be considered a “double” borderland, situated simultaneously on the European Union’s border with Russia as well as physically separated from Russia, its home country, by the surrounding land boundaries of EU states. Although technically neither an exclave nor an enclave, they posit that in many ways it resembles both, and as such presents a unique set of problems for economic development and interstate rela- tions. -
Kaliningrad 2001
Conflict Studies Research Centre S44 Kaliningrad 2001 Dr Steven J Main Synopsis Kaliningrad region, which became part of the Russian Federation at the end of WW2, is cut off from "Holy Mother Russia" by Lithuania. Although not particularly important to the Russian Federation economically - indeed, its economic development lags seriously behind those of its immediate neighbours (Poland, Lithuania) - it is of great value to the Russian Federation in terms of its geostrategic position on the Baltic Sea. Kaliningrad boasts an ice-free port and is also the home base of the Baltic Fleet, "the best Fleet in the Russian Navy". Moscow has begun to exert greater control over the region's affairs, in preparation for further EU expansion in the area and Moscow's own wish that the region be a model for the development of the Russian-EU relationship. Future NATO expansion in the area, however, may see the Russians turn the region back into a "fortress". Contents Introduction 2 Historical Background 2 Socio-Economic Profile of the Region 6 The Election of Governor-Admiral V G Yegorov 9 Moscow-St Petersburg-Kaliningrad 11 The Geo-Strategic Importance of Kaliningrad Oblast' to the Russian Federation 19 Conclusion 23 1 Kaliningrad 2001 Conflict Studies Research Centre ISBN 1-903584-44-2 September 2001 S44 Dr Steven J Main Introduction In many respects Kaliningrad oblast' is unique, not in its economic or political relationship with the centre, but in its strategic value to Moscow as Russia's most westerly point facing Europe. Indeed, a quick look at the map shows that Kaliningrad itself is further west than Warsaw and yet, despite this, for many in Russia itself, let alone the other countries of Europe, Kaliningrad is a place little talked about - until comparatively recently - and badly understood. -
The Russian Operational-Tactical
MAANPUOLUSTUSKORKEAKOULU STRATEGIAN LAITOS JULKAISUSARJA 4: TYÖPAPEREITA No 42 NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF STRATEGIC AND DEFENCE STUDIES SERIES 4: WORKING PAPERS No 42 THE RUSSIAN OPERATIONAL- TACTICAL ISKANDER MISSILE SYSTEM STEFAN FORSS MAANPUOLUSTUSKORKEAKOULU Strategian laitos HELSINKI 2012 Stefan Forss: The Russian Operational-Tactical Iskander Missile System Maanpuolustuskorkeakoulu, Strategian laitos Julkaisusarja 4: työpapereita No 42 National Defence University, Department of Strategic and Defence Studies Series 4: Working Papers No 42 Uusimmat julkaisut pdf-muodossa: http://www.mpkk.fi/ Kannen kuva: Janne Kopu ISSN 1236-4983 Maanpuolustuskorkeakoulu – National Defence University Strategian laitos – Department of Strategic and Defence Studies Juvenes Print Tampere 2012 THE RUSSIAN OPERATIONAL-TACTICAL ISKANDER MISSILE SYSTEM Stefan Forss Land- and sea-based long-range ballistic nuclear missiles and air-launched cruise missiles play a central role in upholding Russia's strategic nuclear deterrent. So- called intermediate-range missiles were banned and eliminated as a result of the INF Treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union, signed in December 1987. Short- and intermediate-range ballistic missiles have, since then, been taken into widespread use in several nation-states, not least in states neighbouring Rus- sia. The Iskander missile system is a logical response to this development. The INF Treaty1 did not cover short-range also tested in combat, during the August tactical ballistic missiles or short-range 2008 Russo-Georgian War. The deploy- land-based cruise missiles. The importance ment of these missiles to Luga, in the West- of these weapons, considerably lighter than ern Military District, neighbouring Estonia strategic weapons, in military defence is and Finland, raises questions of a possible high both in conventional and nuclear roles. -
Development of Territories Through the Construction of Sports Facilities
E3S Web of Conferences 208, 08008 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020808008 IFT 2020 Development of territories through the construction of sports facilities Lidya Shershova*, Elena Golovina, Yulia Gurenko, and Olga Tomashevskaya Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 14 Nevskiy St, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation Abstract. The approach to the development of territories through the construction of sports facilities on the example of the city of Kaliningrad (Northwestern Federal District, Russia) is considered. The results of the implementation of state target programs for the formation of the urban environment are analysed. These programs provide the opportunity to engage in physical education and sports on equipped sports grounds. The results of monitoring the use of sports facilities for physical culture and sports in the city of Kaliningrad are presented. The conditions for increasing the volume of physical activity of young people through the system of attracting them to systematic physical culture and sports on doorstep sports grounds have been determined. 1 Introduction Today, in many regions of Russia, special attention is paid to the sustainable development of territories through the provision of a comfortable and favorable environment for life [1]. Special attention is paid to the promotion of physical culture and sports activities through the popularization of a healthy lifestyle. The development of mass sports activities opens up new horizons for adjusting territorial development plans. Physical activity is an essential element of a healthy lifestyle, has a beneficial effect not only on the harmonious development of a person's personality, but also on his functional capabilities, increases physical and mental performance, strengthens health and prevents diseases [2]. -
Kaliningrad: a Fortress Without a State
Articles Section 56 Kaliningrad: a fortress without a state Mark Galeotti* The militarised enclave of Kaliningrad (formerly German forces then used it as their base for an advance Königsberg) is in a unique position amidst the ruins along the Baltic coast, moving into Lithuania in 1915. and successor states of the USSR. A regime some After the Great War, Germany retained Königsberg 15,000 square kilometres in size, it was once a portion but lost the portions of Poland it had won, once again of Prussia, then Germany, then the USSR and is now leaving the region isolated. divided from Mother Russia by Lithuania and some 350 kilometres. Yet for all that, it is overwhelmingly Yet the settlements after World War II were to prove Russified, and its multi-ethnic population represents a more far-reaching. At the 1943 summit in Tehran, fine microcosm of the old Soviet state: as one Russian Stalin demanded the region on the grounds that the observed to the journalist Anatol Lieven, "here, you Soviet Union needed to acquire a secure ice-free port find the pure form of Soviet Man - a mixture of people on the Baltic. His claim was spurious, in that the from different areas, with no culture of their own". USSR had already acquired rights to the ice-free ports (Lieven, 1993: 209). As if cultural isolation and a of Liepaja and Ventspils in Latvia, but Churchill and disputed historical pedigree were not enough, the Roosevelt were prepared to concede the point in return region was built up to become one of the most heavily for guarantees of the sovereignty of the newly militarised regions of the former USSR, ensuring that reconstituted Polish state. -
LIST of Container and Contrailer Trains Running on the Railways of the OSJD Member Countries (As of 11.10.2019)
2019 OSJD Bulletin No. 5-6 91 LIST of container and contrailer trains running on the railways of the OSJD member countries (as of 11.10.2019) Train Frequency of Train No. Route characteristics running “Azerbaijani Railways” CJSC (AZD) 1202 Turkmenbashi (TRK) – Baku-cargo (AZD) – Tbilisi-node (GR) container on request 1205 Gardabani (GR) – Alyat (AZD) – Aktau (KZH) – China container on request 1207 Gardabani (GR) – Baku-cargo pier (AZD) – Turkmenbashi (TRK) container on request 1202 Almaty (KZH) – Baku-cargo (AZD) – Poti (GR) container on request 1202 Turkmenbashi (TRK) – Baku-cargo (AZD) – Poti-ex. (GR) container on request 1209 Gardabani (GR) – St. Apsheron (AZD) container on request 1205 Poti (GR) – Alyat (AZD) – Turkmenbashi (TRK) container on request 1205 Gardabani (GR) – Baku-cargo (AZD) – Turkmenbashi (TRK) container on request 1207 Gardabani (GR) – Apsheron (AZD) – Turkmenbashi (TRK) container on request 1202 Turkmenbashi (TRK) – Baku-cargo pier (AZD) – Poti-ex. (GR) container on request 1205 Gardabani (GR) – Baku-cargo pier ex. (AZD) – Altynkol (KZH) container on request 1202 Altynkol (KZH) – Baku-cargo (AZD) – Poti (GR) container on request 1211 Poti (GR) – st. Apsheron (AZD) – Turkmenbashi (TRK) container on request 1205 Gardabani (GR) – Baku-cargo (AZD) – Almaty (KZH) container on request Byelorussian Railway (BC) Russia – Lithuania – Belarus – Russia 1022/1021 (Kaliningrad-Shunting – Kybartai – Gudogai – Osinovka – Krasnoye – container on request Kuntsevo-2/Moscow-Freight-Smolenskaya/Kupavna/Tuchkovo/Vorsino/Bely Rast) Russia -
Geo-Demographic Typology of Municipalities of the Kaliningrad Region
ISSN 2039-2117 (online) Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol 6 No 6 S7 ISSN 2039-9340 (print) MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy December 2015 Geo-Demographic Typology of Municipalities of the Kaliningrad Region Tatiana Yu. Kuznetsova Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Russian Federation Corresponding e-mail: [email protected] Doi:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s7p345 Abstract The article discusses the features of the emergence and development of geo-demographic research in Russia, the US and Europe. It was concluded that despite the differences in purpose and nature of this kind of research, the primary method of analysis of geo-demographic situation is geo-demographic classification. The analysis of territorial differentiation of geo- demographic development of the Kaliningrad region is carried out through the cluster analysis. As a result, it 5 groups of municipalities have been defined: the core, the southern coastal municipalities, the small coastal municipalities, the semi- periphery, the border periphery. The majority of the municipalities are characterized by a significant inter-dependence between the level of socio-economic development and the character of demographic processes. The type of geo-demographic development of the Kaliningrad region corresponds to the model described in John Friedman's classical theory of "Center- periphery". The regional center is the engine of development in the region, including pulling resources from other municipalities. Keywords: geo-demographic studies, geo-demographic typology, Russia, Kaliningrad region 1. Introduction Geo-demographic studies, which are understood as ‘analysis of the population in the community’ (Sleight 2004), were developed at the beginning of the previous century in Europe and the US. -
Final Draft Neman & Pregola River Basin Monitoring Plan
FINAL DRAFT NEMAN & PREGOLA RIVER BASIN MONITORING PLAN A Transboundary NGO-led partnership between Coalition Clean Baltic, Belarus Center for Environmental Solutions, Lithuanian Fund for Nature, Green Front, Green Planet, and the Polish Ecological Club 28 January 2017 Creation of a Sustainable, NGO-led River Monitoring Network on the Neman and Pregola 1 Rivers, NCM Project ref # 15-01306 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... 3 II. River Basin Characterization .................................................................................................................... 6 A. Neman River Basin ........................................................................................................................... 6 B. Pregola River Basin ......................................................................................................................... 10 III. Project Background and Introduction .................................................................................................. 15 A. Project Background ........................................................................................................................ 15 B. Statement of Monitoring Program Goals and Objectives ............................................................. 16 C. Project Organization and Responsibilities - Description of the NGO Partners and Scientific Advisors .................................................................................................................................................