Challenging Hegemonic Cultural Tradition of Ghurchari in Haryana
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ISSN (Online): 2455-3662 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) - Peer Reviewed Journal Volume: 6 | Issue: 3 | March 2020 || Journal DOI: 10.36713/epra2013 || SJIF Impact Factor: 5.614||ISI Value: 1.188 CHALLENGING HEGEMONIC CULTURAL TRADITION OF GHURCHARI IN HARYANA Bhup Singh Gaur Associate Prof. Sociology, DGC Gurugram, Haryana Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra4219 ABSTRACT Kathopinishad describe the meaning of chariot and in marriage bridegroom riding female horse. The use of female horse not only suggests patriarchal intention to domesticate the wife but also control the women. On the commencement of the Indian constitution, they have become equal citizens in all aspects of life. They become aware of self respects, dignity and their rights enshrined in the Indian constitution. The upper castes or greater Indians still trest them as lesser Indians and expect them to stay at the bottom of the society. Recent caste conflicts on marriage ritual of ghurchari i.e dalit groom and family members seriously injured during ghurchari (jatu luhari, 2002), upper caste people prevented a dalit groom from riding an elephant (2011), killed in 2013, Devsar, upper caste men beat dalit groom and stopped him to perform ghurchari(2013, Ratera), upper caste youth barred dalit groom from carrying the ritual of ghurchari (sanjharwas, charki Dadri) violence broke out in the village sangha, karnal after upper caste youth prevented dalit youth from performing, ghurchari (2017) etc... clearly reflects the social position of the lesser Indians in India. This was an exploratory study based on secondary sources such as newspapers and magazines. focussing on the hegemonic power, protest ideology, role of police and social relationship KEYWORDS:- scheduled caste, Ghurchuri, hegemony, protest ideology INTRODUCTION Dashrath in Ramayana, Bhagwad Gita with Lord In modern world marriage is about contract. The krishana riding a rath, kathoupnashid describing the boy and girl choose each other and enter into the meaning of chariot and in any marriage with the contract. The traditional Hindu wedding is neither bridegroom the meaning of a chariot and in any absent of choice nor absent of contract. It is the marriage with the bridegroom riding a female tradition. It is an arrangement made between families horse.Kathoupnashid (1.3, 4-7) :- body as a chariot self and is mandatory for the boy and girl to make an end of as its master , five senses,ten senses,seventh is sun god the childhood.Traditional marriage rituals were sapthwahan sun represents control over the mind all designed in times when social ngstructure was quite seven days of the week Horses in vedic language different. It was a patriarchal society where women symbolises the sense in the body. A female horse is were seen as dependent. A man can marry as many much more chanchal than the male one and symbolises women as he want but this privilege was denied to the the childish behaviour of the person symbolises the women, but man was bound by the rules of his family childish behaviour of the person. Riding over the and his casteThe wedding rituals continue to be highly female horses means controlling the senses and symbolic- where man is considered the farmer and the leavving behind the childish behaviour as one is now women is considered as the field. The child born from entering into new phase of the life full of this union is called crop Description about horses has responsiblities. The ceremony involves riding the been mentioned in Ashwamedha yajgana. By King female horse and tightening of the rein. Traditionally 2020 EPRA IJMR | www.eprajournals.com | Journal DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra2013 238 ISSN (Online): 2455-3662 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) - Peer Reviewed Journal Volume: 6 | Issue: 3 | March 2020 || Journal DOI: 10.36713/epra2013 || SJIF Impact Factor: 5.614||ISI Value: 1.188 weddings are held after chaturmass . The ritual is They consider themselves inferior to Gujar, Jat, known as “tulsi vivah” . Vishnu represented by Rajputs, Brahmin. The Chamar own vegetable shop sugarcane gets married to luxmi represented by the shoe shops, under take shoe repairing or engaged in tulsi plant The event takes place in noon following the agriculture and other labour work. Their economic dust with Procession symbol, man is capable of conditon has improved since independence. They have carrying the sword and capable to protect the bride. The a biradari panchayat which looks after the general grooms in north india come over a mare and are welfare of the community and settle disputes. The covered with garland .The dalits are those who were Chamars are mostly Hindus but some of them embraced refer to as chandalas, Ati shudras, Anaryas, Panchamas Buddhism, Islam and Christianity. On Ravidas Jayanti in the Hindu scriptures, they were Broken men and and Ambedkar jayanti they take out procession. Now Protestant Hindu to Dr. Ambedkar and Harijan to due to reservation and modern education and other Mahatma Gandhi. To Britishers they were Depressed welfare programmes they are teachers, administrator, classes and they were clubbed as the Schedule Castes Bank, Defence, Police officers, Doctors, Engineers; under 1935 Act This was also adopted as administrative Political leadership among them has emerged at village, category in Indian Constitution. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and state and national level, and now they have their own Mahatma Jyotiba Phule were able to inculcate in their party BSP at national level. They prefer modern mind the values of self respect and diginity and urged education for their children. This community among all them to fight for their rights Scheduled castes in Scheduled Castes has progressed considerably after haryana The total population of Scheduled Caste as per independence in respect of social status. 2011 census is 201.4 millions constituting 16.6% of Balmiki total population of India. There are 1241 indvidual The second numerically dominant Scheduled ethinic groups are notified as scheduled castes in caste in Haryana is Balmiki. They are also known as different states and union terrotery But Haryana Churha, Bhangi and Lalbegi. They claim to be accounts for 20.2 percent of total population. There are descendent of Saint Balmiki, who wrote Ramayana. 37 Scheduled Castes enlisted in the Scheduled Castes Their other guru is Lalbeg and it is after this guru’s list of Haryana. name, they are called Lalbegi. The Balmikis are The Census of 2001 has enumerated the distributed all over Haryana. They earn their livelihood population of 3 major SC groups namely Chamars, by scavenging, working in the field and at the Balmikis, Dhanaks as they constitute 81.73% of SC construction site; they are also engaged in animal population in Haryana. These 3 Scheduled Castes husbandry, poultry, piggery; a few of them have land. groups are 51.50, 19.20 and 11.03%, respectively. The community's traditional primary occupation is Chamar scavenging including removal of nightsoils from houses The name Chamar is derived from the Sanskrit and offices. Their secondary occupation include manual word Charmakara or worker of hides (Rose 1919). They work band, petty trade, hawking, vending, fruits or have several subgroups namely Chanaur, Julaha, vegetables, selling meats and eggs. They have their own Chamar, Regar, Ravidasi and Jatavas. The traditional caste panchayat who decides matter of social conflict. origin of the Chamar is that in time immemorial, four Due to reservation and modern education, some sadhus had a cow whose male calf died, upon its death members of this community are Businessmen, the younger of these sadhus was asked to remove this Teachers, Doctors, Engineers, Administrators, Defence, calf's carcass, where upon he was deprived of his caste. Police and Railway officers. Political leadership among The deprived sadhu out of poverty started doing them is at budding stage. leatherwork to work out its livelihood. It is perhaps Dhanak from his association with leatherwork, other started Dhanak are also known as Kabirpanthi Julaha. calling him and his descendent Chamars. According to They claim to be the descendents of Dhanushamuni Rose (1919), Chan and Bane were two brothers. The Ibbestson (1916) derives this name from the Sanskrit former removed a calf's carcass with his own hand so Dhanuska, a bowman. According to T.H. Elliet, they Bane threw him out of the caste. They are found all are followers, archers and watchman, besides over the state. Jamie is manly found in Faridabad and performing other menial services. They are found in all Gurgaon district and Chanaur in Mahendergarh, Hisar districts of Haryana. There are small sub. Division and Jind district. Julia Chama is thinly distributed called Gots in the community Nugaria, Khangwal through out the state. They are followers of Raids. (Khanna), Nonania (nayyar), Khatak, Kirar, Mudadiya, Ambedkar and Kabir. They have small sub division Ladwal, Morwal, Bamania, Mohal, Bagadi, Suraha, called gots eg. Kem, Papal, Jhankar, Neemka, Nagaha. Salia, Mohar etc. are main gots of Dhanak. They 2020 EPRA IJMR | www.eprajournals.com | Journal DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra2013 239 ISSN (Online): 2455-3662 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) - Peer Reviewed Journal Volume: 6 | Issue: 3 | March 2020 || Journal DOI: 10.36713/epra2013 || SJIF Impact Factor: 5.614||ISI Value: 1.188 perceive themselves as equal to other SC communities. • Devsar- upper caste men prevented dalit They admit the verna system and find their place with groom from riding the elephant. Daring to Shudras. break the age old tradition, he was killed later They are taking full advantages of the on after tied him with a tree and hiting by the government's reservation policy, and supposed to car ( 4 december 2011 ,16 April 2013). occupy a parallel position with Bhangis on the social • Bhusthala(23 May 2016)- dalit man was ladder.