Forest Terminology for Multiple-Use Management1
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Thematic Forest Dictionary
Elżbieta Kloc THEMATIC FOREST DICTIONARY TEMATYCZNY SŁOWNIK LEÂNY Wydano na zlecenie Dyrekcji Generalnej Lasów Państwowych Warszawa 2015 © Centrum Informacyjne Lasów Państwowych ul. Grójecka 127 02-124 Warszawa tel. 22 18 55 353 e-mail: [email protected] www.lasy.gov.pl © Elżbieta Kloc Konsultacja merytoryczna: dr inż. Krzysztof Michalec Konsultacja i współautorstwo haseł z zakresu hodowli lasu: dr inż. Maciej Pach Recenzja: dr Ewa Bandura Ilustracje: Bartłomiej Gaczorek Zdjęcia na okładce Paweł Fabijański Korekta Anna Wikło ISBN 978-83-63895-48-8 Projek graficzny i przygotowanie do druku PLUPART Druk i oprawa Ośrodek Rozwojowo-Wdrożeniowy Lasów Państwowych w Bedoniu TABLE OF CONTENTS – SPIS TREÂCI ENGLISH-POLISH THEMATIC FOREST DICTIONARY ANGIELSKO-POLSKI TEMATYCZNY SŁOWNIK LEÂNY OD AUTORKI ................................................... 9 WYKAZ OBJAŚNIEŃ I SKRÓTÓW ................................... 10 PLANTS – ROŚLINY ............................................ 13 1. Taxa – jednostki taksonomiczne .................................. 14 2. Plant classification – klasyfikacja roślin ............................. 14 3. List of forest plant species – lista gatunków roślin leśnych .............. 17 4. List of tree and shrub species – lista gatunków drzew i krzewów ......... 19 5. Plant morphology – morfologia roślin .............................. 22 6. Plant cells, tissues and their compounds – komórki i tkanki roślinne oraz ich części składowe .................. 30 7. Plant habitat preferences – preferencje środowiskowe roślin -
Planting Power ... Formation in Portugal.Pdf
Promotoren: Dr. F. von Benda-Beckmann Hoogleraar in het recht, meer in het bijzonder het agrarisch recht van de niet-westerse gebieden. Ir. A. van Maaren Emeritus hoogleraar in de boshuishoudkunde. Preface The history of Portugal is, like that of many other countries in Europe, one of deforestation and reafforestation. Until the eighteenth century, the reclamation of land for agriculture, the expansion of animal husbandry (often on communal grazing grounds or baldios), and the increased demand for wood and timber resulted in the gradual disappearance of forests and woodlands. This tendency was reversed only in the nineteenth century, when planting of trees became a scientifically guided and often government-sponsored activity. The reversal was due, on the one hand, to the increased economic value of timber (the market's "invisible hand" raised timber prices and made forest plantation economically attractive), and to the realization that deforestation had severe impacts on the environment. It was no accident that the idea of sustainability, so much in vogue today, was developed by early-nineteenth-century foresters. Such is the common perspective on forestry history in Europe and Portugal. Within this perspective, social phenomena are translated into abstract notions like agricultural expansion, the invisible hand of the market, and the public interest in sustainably-used natural environments. In such accounts, trees can become gifts from the gods to shelter, feed and warm the mortals (for an example, see: O Vilarealense, (Vila Real), 12 January 1961). However, a closer look makes it clear that such a detached account misses one key aspect: forests serve not only public, but also particular interests, and these particular interests correspond to specific social groups. -
Forestry Commission Bulletin: Forestry Practice
HMSO £3.50 net Forestry Commission Bulletin Forestry Commission ARCHIVE Forestry Practice FORESTRY COMMISSION BULLETIN No. 14 FORESTRY PRACTICE A Summary of Methods of Establishing, Maintaining and Harvesting Forest Crops with Advice on Planning and other Management Considerations for Owners, Agents and Foresters Edited by O. N. Blatchford, B.Sc. Forestry Commission LONDON: HER MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE © Crown copyright 1978 First published 1933 Ninth Edition 1978 ISBN011 7101508 FOREWORD This latest edition ofForestry Practice sets out to give a comprehensive account of silvicultural practice and forest management in Britain. Since the first edition, the Forestry Commission has produced a large number of Bulletins, Booklets, Forest Records and Leaflets covering very fully a wide variety of forestry matters. Reference is made to these where appropriate so that the reader may supplement the information and guidance given here. Titles given in the bibliography at the end of each chapter are normally available through a library and those currently in print are listed in the Forestry Commission Catalogue of Publications obtainable from the Publications Officer, Forest Research Station, Alice Holt Lodge, Wrecclesham, Famham, Surrey. Research and Development Papers mainly unpriced may be obtained only from that address. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The cover picture and all the photographs are from the Forestry Commission’s photographic collection. Fair drawings of diagrams were made, where appropriate, by J. Williams, the Commission’s Graphics Officer. CONTENTS Chapter 1 SEED SUPPLY AND COLLECTION Page Seed sources . 1 Seed stands 1 Seed orchards 3 Collection of seed 3 Storage of fruit and seeds 3 Conifers . 3 Broadleaved species 3 Seed regulations 3 Bibliography 4 Chapter 2 NURSERY PRACTICE Objectives . -
Forest Measurements for Natural Resource Professionals, 2001 Workshop Proceedings
Natural Resource Network Connecting Research, Teaching and Outreach 2001 Workshop Proceedings Forest Measurements for Natural Resource Professionals Caroline A. Fox Research and Demonstration Forest Hillsborough, NH Sampling & Management of Coarse Woody Debris- October 12 Getting the Most from Your Cruise- October 19 Cruising Hardware & Software for Foresters- November 9 UNH Cooperative Extension 131 Main Street, 214 Nesmith Hall, Durham, NH 03824 The Caroline A. Fox Research and Demonstration Forest (Fox Forest) is in Hillsborough, NH. Its focus is applied practical research, demonstration forests, and education and outreach for a variety of audiences. A Workshop Series on Forest Measurements for Natural Resource Professionals was held in the fall of 2001. These proceedings were prepared as a supplement to the workshop. Papers submitted were not peer-reviewed or edited. They were compiled by Karen P. Bennett, Extension Specialist in Forest Resources and Ken Desmarais, Forester with the NH Division of Forests and Lands. Readers who did not attend the workshop are encouraged to contact authors directly for clarifications. Workshop attendees received additional supplemental materials. Sampling and Management for Down Coarse Woody Debris in New England: A Workshop- October 12, 2001 The What and Why of CWD– Mark Ducey, Assistant Professor, UNH Department of Natural Resources New Hampshire’s Logging Efficiency– Ken Desmarais, Forester/ Researcher, Fox State Forest The Regional Level: Characteristics of DDW in Maine, NH and VT– Linda Heath, -
Archival Copy. for Current Version, See
Archival copy. For current version, see: https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/4-h331 4-H 331 REPRINTED JULY 2005 $8.00 Archival copy. For current version, see: https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/4-h331 Oregon 4-H Forestry Member Manual Contents Lesson 1: Welcome to Oregon 4-H Forestry 1 Lesson 2: Forests in Oregon 4 Lesson 3 Looking Closer 7 Lesson 4 Succession 9 Lesson 5 Oregon's Most Common Trees 12 Lesson 6: How to Find a Tree's Family Tree 14 Lesson 7 Growing Every Which Way' 18 Lesson 8: From Seedlings to Spires 21 Lesson 9: Spreading the Seed 23 Lesson 10 The Dynamic Forest Ecosystem 26 Lesson 11 Silviculture Equals Forest Management 30 Lesson 12: Fire 33 Lesson 13: Wildlife and the Forest 36 Lesson 14 Harvesting 39 Lesson 15 Trees in Urban Ecosystems 43 Appendices Appendix A Answers to forestry puzzles 46 Appendix B Extension pubhcations The Wildlife Garden 48 Glossary of Tree Terms 49 Resources and Acknowledgments 52 Adapted for use in Oregon from Minnesota Extension Service 4-H youth forestry materials by Judy Dickerson, former 4-H youth development faculty. Josephine County; and Virginia Bourdeau, Extension specialist, 4-H youth development, Oregon State University. Archival copy. For current version, see: https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/4-h331 Lesson 1 Welcome to Oregon 4-H Forestry is a wonderful state. Forested land is found in every region. It's good to know about the types of Oregonplants and land use that dominate your home state. You are in charge of writing a The goals of the Oregon 4-H Forestry Project are to give recipe for a forest. -
Wood from Midwestern Trees Purdue EXTENSION
PURDUE EXTENSION FNR-270 Daniel L. Cassens Professor, Wood Products Eva Haviarova Assistant Professor, Wood Science Sally Weeks Dendrology Laboratory Manager Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University Indiana and the Midwestern land, but the remaining areas soon states are home to a diverse array reforested themselves with young of tree species. In total there are stands of trees, many of which have approximately 100 native tree been harvested and replaced by yet species and 150 shrub species. another generation of trees. This Indiana is a long state, and because continuous process testifies to the of that, species composition changes renewability of the wood resource significantly from north to south. and the ecosystem associated with it. A number of species such as bald Today, the wood manufacturing cypress (Taxodium distichum), cherry sector ranks first among all bark, and overcup oak (Quercus agricultural commodities in terms pagoda and Q. lyrata) respectively are of economic impact. Indiana forests native only to the Ohio Valley region provide jobs to nearly 50,000 and areas further south; whereas, individuals and add about $2.75 northern Indiana has several species billion dollars to the state’s economy. such as tamarack (Larix laricina), There are not as many lumber quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), categories as there are species of and jack pine (Pinus banksiana) that trees. Once trees from the same are more commonly associated with genus, or taxon, such as ash, white the upper Great Lake states. oak, or red oak are processed into In urban environments, native lumber, there is no way to separate species provide shade and diversity the woods of individual species. -
Methodology for Afforestation And
METHODOLOGY FOR THE QUANTIFICATION, MONITORING, REPORTING AND VERIFICATION OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS AND REMOVALS FROM AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION OF DEGRADED LAND VERSION 1.2 May 2017 METHODOLOGY FOR THE QUANTIFICATION, MONITORING, REPORTING AND VERIFICATION OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS AND REMOVALS FROM AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION OF DEGRADED LAND VERSION 1.2 May 2017 American Carbon Registry® WASHINGTON DC OFFICE c/o Winrock International 2451 Crystal Drive, Suite 700 Arlington, Virginia 22202 USA ph +1 703 302 6500 [email protected] americancarbonregistry.org ABOUT AMERICAN CARBON REGISTRY® (ACR) A leading carbon offset program founded in 1996 as the first private voluntary GHG registry in the world, ACR operates in the voluntary and regulated carbon markets. ACR has unparalleled experience in the development of environmentally rigorous, science-based offset methodolo- gies as well as operational experience in the oversight of offset project verification, registration, offset issuance and retirement reporting through its online registry system. © 2017 American Carbon Registry at Winrock International. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be repro- duced, displayed, modified or distributed without express written permission of the American Carbon Registry. The sole permitted use of the publication is for the registration of projects on the American Carbon Registry. For requests to license the publication or any part thereof for a different use, write to the Washington DC address listed above. -
The Knothole, November 24, 1969
SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Digital Commons @ ESF The Knothole College Archives 11-24-1969 The Knothole, November 24, 1969 SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Student Body Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.esf.edu/knothole Part of the Communication Commons, Creative Writing Commons, and the Environmental Studies Commons Recommended Citation SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Student Body, "The Knothole, November 24, 1969" (1969). The Knothole. 179. https://digitalcommons.esf.edu/knothole/179 This Newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by the College Archives at Digital Commons @ ESF. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Knothole by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ ESF. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. FOREST FIRES THE KNOTHOLE Forest fires in the United States alone, Published: Every Monday by Alpha Xi Sigma destroy enough timber annually to build 25, Deadline: Monday A.M. one week before 000 homes, furnish baseball bats to every publication player in the nation from Little leagues to Major Leagues; and print all the comic books, Articles: Please sign name and so indi magazines and newspapers in the nation! cate if you do not wish to have Everyone has a stake in forest fire pre name printed. We welcome all vention. Aside from the aesthetic values articles, gossip, notices, sug of the woods involved, the appreciable loss gestions, and new staff members. of tinfer by forest fires is one of the con Editors: John Boreman Marlene Halinar tributing factors in the high cost of lum Norman Booth Janine Newmiller ber. -
Forest Measurement with Relascope Practical Description for Fieldwork with Examples for Estonia
Jüri Järvis FOREST MEASUREMENT Practical descriptionWITH for fieldwork RELASCOPE with examples for Estonia Partial stand description Average The Area Layer / Average Average Average relative stand number of the Volume Volume composition age height diameter density RSD of the stand m3/ha m3/stand description % (y) (m) (cm) (%) / stand (ha) G (m2/ha) 1 2.0 I aspen 52 55 25 27 42.0/15 166 332 I birch 25 55 25 26 23.7/7 79 158 I spruce 23 57 23 23 18.1/6.5 73 146 TOTAL: 83.8/28.5 318 636 II spruce 100 25 10 10 22.8/5 30 60 TOTAL: 348 696 The relascope and relascope measurement was invented Title of the original: Metsa relaskoopmõõtmine. Puistu rinnaspindala, täiuse ja mahu and introduced by Austrian forest scientist Walter Bitterlich määramine lihtrelaskoopi kasutades. (Bitterlich 1947, 1948). The method is widely used because II täiendatud trükk (2010). it is simple, handy and quick. However, the method is less accurate when compared to cross-callipering forest Translation into English 2013; first printed 2006. measurement. It is used for the preliminary assessment of timber supply in a tree stand 1. © Jüri Järvis 2010; 2013. Simplified relascope is also called “simple relascope”, All rights reserved. “angle-counter”, “angle-gauge” or “angle-template”. So- called true relascope or mirror-relascope is a device that can automatically adjust its measured values according Consultants: Ahto Kangur, Allan Sims, Allar Padari, Andres Kiviste, Artur Nilson, to the slope of the ground (photo 1). Mart Vaus (Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Electronic relascope can be used instead of traditional Photo 1. -
In Ashley County, Arkansas
. .".. Five Years of Change in an Old-Growth Pine-Hardwood Remnant in Ashley County, Arkansas USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, P.O. Box 3516 UAM; Monticello, AR 71656 Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract.-The Levi Wilcoxon Demonstration Forest near Hamburg, Arkansas is an industrially-owned remnant of old-growth pine and hardwodds. Some of the loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and shortleaf (Pinus echinata Mill.) pine in this stand are over 200 years old, and numerous individuals exceed 90 cm in diameter and 30 m in height. A 2000 survey of a portion of this tract found that 27 tree species contributed an average of 387.5 live stemsiha and 31.8 m2/haof basal area. An inventory of the same plots in 2006 yielded noticeable declines in density (now down to 342.5 stemslha) and basal area (now 28.2 m2/ha). Much of this loss came in the aftermath of a windstorm in May 2003, which felled a number of overstory pines. Loblolly pine decreased from 49.6 stemslha and 13.2 m2/ha in 2000 to 42.1 trees/ha and 11.2 m2/ha in 2006, while shortleaf pine declined from 21.7 treeslha and 5.0 mz/ha to 14.6 trees/ha and 3.5 m2/ha. Further pine mortality came from smaller-scale windthrow, lightning, and bark beetle infestations. Some hardwoods were also toppled by storms or crushed by falling trees, but most appear to have succumbed to drought, competition, and salvage logging. However, hardwood basal area remained virtually unchanged over this period, signifying adequate diameter growth and midstory recruitment. -
Pinetum1939.Pdf
THE OLD NORTH STATE Here’s to the land of the long leaf pine, The summer land, where the sun doth shine: Where the weak grow strong, and the strong grow great Here’s to down home, the Old North State. Here’s to the land of the cotton bloom white, Where the scuppernong perfumes the breezes at night; Where soft Southern moss and jessamine mate, 'Neath the murmuring pines of the "Old North State." Here’s to the land where the galax grows. Where the rhododendron roseate glows; Where soars Mt. Mitchell's summit great. In the land of the sky, in "The Old North State." Here’s to the land where maidens are fairest. Where friends are truest, and cold hearts are rarest; The near land, the dear land, whatever our fate. The blest land, the best land, the "Old North State." Pl-NE—TUM 1939 Journal of Forestry N.(L State CoHege CD 1. RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA DEDICATION TO Mrs. J. V. Hofmann, Mrs. G. K. Slocum, Mrs. Lenthall Wyman, and Mrs. W. D. Miller, wives of our much loved Forestry School faculty, we, the staff of the 1939 Pl-NE-TUM, dedicate this sixth edition. Thanks to you for the big bright smile your husbands greet us with each morning at eight o’clock. Your sincere under- standing, cooperation, and interest in us is felt by our contact with your husbands. May this dedication be only a small token of our appreciation of you. [ 2] FOREWORD AGAIN this year the Pl-NE-TUM is an annual by and for the students, alumni, and friends of the N. -
Assessing Precision in Conventional Field Measurements of Individual Tree Attributes
Communication Assessing Precision in Conventional Field Measurements of Individual Tree Attributes Ville Luoma 1,4,*, Ninni Saarinen 1,4, Michael A. Wulder 2, Joanne C. White 2, Mikko Vastaranta 1,4, Markus Holopainen 1,4 and Juha Hyyppä 3,4 1 Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 7), 00014 Helsinki, Finland; ninni.saarinen@helsinki.fi (N.S.); mikko.vastaranta@helsinki.fi (M.V.); markus.holopainen@helsinki.fi (M.H.) 2 Canadian Forest Service (Pacific Forestry Centre), Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada; [email protected] (M.A.W.); [email protected] (J.C.W.) 3 Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute FGI, National Land Survey, Geodeetinrinne 2, 04310 Masala, Finland; juha.hyyppa@nls.fi 4 Centre of Excellence in Laser Scanning Research, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute FGI, National Land Survey, 04310 Masala, Finland * Correspondence: ville.luoma@helsinki.fi; Tel.: +358-44-047-6070 Academic Editor: Timothy A. Martin Received: 16 December 2016; Accepted: 4 February 2017; Published: 8 February 2017 Abstract: Forest resource information has a hierarchical structure: individual tree attributes are summed at the plot level and then in turn, plot-level estimates are used to derive stand or large-area estimates of forest resources. Due to this hierarchy, it is imperative that individual tree attributes are measured with accuracy and precision. With the widespread use of different measurement tools, it is also important to understand the expected degree of precision associated with these measurements. The most prevalent tree attributes measured in the field are tree species, stem diameter-at-breast-height (dbh), and tree height.