O Caso Do Bairro Alto Em Lisboa

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O Caso Do Bairro Alto Em Lisboa Universidades Lusíada Fontes, Ana Cristina Freitas, 1987- O bairro como estrutura urbana : o caso do Bairro Alto em Lisboa http://hdl.handle.net/11067/2452 Metadados Data de Publicação 2016-06-06 Resumo Escolhemos como objecto de estudo desta dissertação, o bairro. O bairro enquanto realidade transversal à cidade, enquanto meio social com vida própria - representando os seus habitantes - e enquanto conjunto de edifícios e ruas organizados num espaço físico com diferentes características facilmente identificáveis. O presente trabalho contribui para a reflexão sobre um bairro da cidade de Lisboa – o Bairro Alto enquanto estrutura urbana da cidade – com o objetivo de perceber o bairro como espaço... Palavras Chave Planeamento urbano - Portugal - Lisboa, Bairro Alto (Lisboa, Portugal) - Edifícios, estruturas, etc., Bairro Alto (Lisboa, Portugal) - História Tipo masterThesis Revisão de Pares Não Coleções [ULL-FAA] Dissertações Esta página foi gerada automaticamente em 2021-10-09T00:23:21Z com informação proveniente do Repositório http://repositorio.ulusiada.pt UNIVERSIDADE LUSÍADA DE LISBOA Faculdade de Arquitec tura e Artes Mestrado Integrado em Arquitectura O bairro como estrutura urbana: o caso do Bairro Alto em Lisboa Realizado por: Ana Cristina Freitas Fontes Orientado por: Prof. Doutor Arqt. Bernardo d'Orey Manoel Constituição do Júri: Presidente: Prof. Doutor Arqt. Joaquim José Ferrão de Oliveira Braizinha Orientador: Prof. Doutor Arqt. Bernardo d'Orey Manoel Arguente: Prof. Doutor Arqt. Rui Manuel Reis Alves Dissertação aprovada em: 1 de Junho de 2016 Lisboa 2015 U NIVERSIDADE L U S Í A D A D E L ISBOA Faculdade de Arquitectura e Artes Mestrado Integrado em Arquitectura O bairro como estrutura urbana: o caso do Bairro Alto em Lisboa Ana Cristina Freitas Fontes Lisboa Dezembro 2015 U NIVERSIDADE L U S Í A D A D E L ISBOA Faculdade de Arquitectura e Artes Mestrado Integrado em Arquitectura O bairro como estrutura urbana: o caso do Bairro Alto em Lisboa Ana Cristina Freitas Fontes Lisboa Dezembro 2015 Ana Cristina Freitas Fontes O bairro como estrutura urbana: o caso do Bairro Alto em Lisboa Dissertação apresentada à Faculdade de Arquitectura e Artes da Universidade Lusíada de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitectura. Orientador: Prof. Doutor Arqt. Bernardo d'Orey Manoel Lisboa Dezembro 2015 Ficha Técnica Autora Ana Cristina Freitas Fontes Orientador Prof. Doutor Arqt. Bernardo d'Orey Manoel Título O bairro como estrutura urbana: o caso do Bairro Alto em Lisboa Local Lisboa Ano 2015 Mediateca da Universidade Lusíada de Lisboa - Catalogação na Publicação FONTES, Ana Cristina Freitas, 1987- O bairro como estrutura urbana : o caso do Bairro Alto em Lisboa / Ana Cristina Freitas Fontes ; orientado por Bernardo d'Orey Manoel. - Lisboa : [s.n.], 2015. - Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitectura, Faculdade de Arquitectura e Artes da Universidade Lusíada de Lisboa. I - MANOEL, Bernardo de Orey, 1969- LCSH 1. Planeamento urbano - Portugal - Lisboa 2. Bairro Alto (Lisboa, Portugal) - Edifícios, estruturas, etc. 3. Bairro Alto (Lisboa, Portugal) - História 4. Universidade Lusíada de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitectura e Artes - Teses 5. Teses - Portugal - Lisboa 1. City planning - Portugal - Lisbon 2. Bairro Alto (Lisbon, Portugal) - Buildings, structures, etc. 3. Bairro Alto (Lisbon, Portugal) - History 4. Universidade Lusíada de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitectura e Artes - Dissertations 5. Dissertations, Academic - Portugal - Lisbon LCC 1. NA1330.F66 2015 A ti, Pai, por nunca me deixares desistir. Obrigada. AGRADECIMENTOS Um agradecimento especial ao Prof. Doutor Arqt. º Bernardo d´Orey Manoel, meu orientador por me acompanhar na elaboração desta dissertação. Agradeço a disponibilidade, ajuda e paciência que demonstrou na orientação e construção deste escrito. Agradeço a todos os professores do curso por tornarem este percurso possível e realizado. Aos meus colegas, com quem tanto aprendi, que me ajudaram a tornar uma profissional dedicada, interessada e empenhada. Ao meu pai, mãe, Susana, Carlos e Carla, meus irmãos, Samy e Luís, meu companheiro e à restante família obrigada pela preocupação, persistência, tolerância e confiança. Sem o Vosso apoio e acompanhamento não teria criado condições para o meu crescimento e valorização pessoal. Aos amigos por terem sempre acreditado que era capaz. Muito Obrigada! A todos aqueles que me acompanharam, os meus sinceros agradecimentos APRESENTAÇÃO O bairro como estrutura urbana: o caso do Bairro Alto em Lisboa Ana Cristina Freitas Fontes Escolhemos como objecto de estudo desta dissertação, o bairro. O bairro enquanto realidade transversal à cidade, enquanto meio social com vida própria - representando os seus habitantes - e enquanto conjunto de edifícios e ruas organizados num espaço físico com diferentes características facilmente identificáveis. O presente trabalho contribui para a reflexão sobre um bairro da cidade de Lisboa – o Bairro Alto enquanto estrutura urbana da cidade – com o objetivo de perceber o bairro como espaço físico nas componentes históricas e urbanística e também como espaço de práticas sociais. Experienciar a cidade e compreender a vários níveis como o bairro se integra na cidade e de que maneira a intervenção arquitetónica poderá contribuir para a melhoria das condições de vida dos seus habitantes. Os três casos de estudo abordam três exemplos referência de um espaço de bairro vivido que conferem a identidade e pertença a este bairro popular lisboeta; o lugar e a relação com o bairro enquanto microcosmos de vida comum; a escala e a imagem em relação a três grandes estruturas urbanas – a cidade, a rua e a casa/habitação. Palavras-chave: Lisboa, Bairro, Bairro Alto, escala urbana, lugar, identidade, estrutura. PRESENTATION The neighborhood as an urban structure: the case of Bairro Alto in Lisbon Ana Cristina Freitas Fontes The neighborhood is the topic chosen as the subject of our thesis. The neighborhood as a transversal reality to the city as a social medium with life itself - representing its inhabitants - and as a set of buildings and streets organized in a different physical space with easily identifiable characteristics. This essay might be a contribution to a deep reflection about the urban structure of a Lisbon neighborhood - Bairro Alto - in the city with the aims to understand the neighborhood as a physical, historical and urban space but also as a place of social interaction and practices. To experience a neighborhood/city way of living means to understand how the local architecture contributes or will improve the quality of life of its inhabitants or even the role it plays in order to bring some changing/transformation to the society itself. The three case studies addresses three examples that identify the identity and belonging to this popular neighborhood, the place and the relationship with the area as a microcosm scale and image we react to three large urban structures - the city, the street and the house/habitation. Key words: Lisbon, Neighborhood, Bairro Alto, urban scale, place, identity, structure LISTA DE ILUSTRAÇÕES Ilustração 1 – Vista de Lisboa no final do Séc. XVI (Associação Arquitectos Portugueses, 1987). Limitada a Oriente pelo Campo de Santa Clara; a Ocidente, pela zona da Esperança; a Norte pelos montes da Graça, Penha de França e Sant´Ana. Rua, ruelas e becos irregulares. Praça do Pelourinho Velho, Terreiro do Paço e Rossio ………….24 Ilustração 2 – Traçado das Muralhas de Lisboa (Enrique Casanova, 1892). Lisboa em 1147 sob o domínio de Afonso Henriques era muralhada por um circuito correspondente à denominada Cerca Velha ………………………………………………………………… 26 Ilustração 3 – Lisboa numa iluminura do frontispício da Crónica de D. Afonso Henriques de Duarte Galvão, atribuível a António de Holanda, c.1520, CMC (História De Lisboa Tempos Fortes, GEO) ………………………………………………………………………..27 Ilustração 4 – Planta de João Nunes Tinoco, 1650 (José-Augusto França,2005). Esta planta ilustra com clareza o tecido medieval e a regularidade da nova malha exterior à Cerca Fernandina …………………………………………………………………………….28 Ilustração 5 – Panorâmica de Lisboa ocidental na segunda metade do séc. XVI (Hélder Carita, 1994) …………………………………………………………………………………..31 Ilustração 6 – Lisboa – Terramoto de 1755 e consequente incêndio Gravura alemã do séc. XVIII da colecção Augsburgische Sammlung exposta no Museu da Cidade…….33 Ilustração 7 – Panorâmica do Bairro Alto, 2ª metade do Séc. XVI (Hélder Carita,1994) ………………………………………………………………………………………………….36 Ilustração 8 – Arrabalde anterior à construção da urbanização Vila Nova D´Andrade, séc. XV - Estrada de Santos ou Estrada da Horta-Navia que divide o arrabalde a norte e sul – Zona poente da muralha Fernandina (Hélder Carita, 1994) ……………………38 Ilustração 9 – Cata-Que-Farás na 2ª metade do séc. XVI e primeira fase de urbanização do Bairro Alto (Hélder Carita, 1994) ………………………………………………………..40 Ilustração 10 – Primeira fase de Urbanização do Bairro Alto – Zona poente da muralha Fernandina, com principais vias de circulação, finais do séc. (Hélder Carita, 1994) ………………………………………………………………………………………………….41 Ilustração 11 – Segunda fase de Urbanização do Bairro Alto – Ermida de São Roque onde se instalou a Companhia de Jesus em 1553 (Hélder Carita, 1994) ……………. 44 Ilustração 12 – Vista geral Bairro Alto – Limites a norte pela Rua D. Pedro V, a sul pela Praça Luís de Camões, a este pela Rua da Misericórdia e a oeste pela Rua do Século………………………………………………………………………………………….48 Ilustração 13 – Bairro Alto – Traçado da Estrada dos Moinhos de Vento ou
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